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Volovik</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9689576">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data div{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn" style="display:inline-block">Prof. Grigory. E. Volovik</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.aalto.fi/people/grigori-volovik">www<wbr />.aalto<wbr />.fi<wbr />/people<wbr />/grigori-volovik</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Grigory Efimovich Volovik</b> (<a href="/wiki/Russian_language" title="Russian language">Russian</a>: <span lang="ru">Григорий Ефимович Воловик</span>; born 7 September 1946 in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>) is a Russian theoretical physicist. He is known for his work on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Solid-state_physics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Solid-state physics (not yet started)">solid-state physics</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Astroparticle_physics&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Astroparticle physics (not yet started)">astroparticle physics</a>. His series work in 1970s-2000s about <a href="/wiki/Semi_metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Semi metal">semi metal</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Topologically_protected_spinor/femionic_excitations&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Topologically protected spinor/femionic excitations (not yet started)">topologically protected spinor/femionic excitations</a> in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Topological_defects&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Topological defects (not yet started)">topological defects</a> and boundary are paid enormous amount attentions in recent decade years because the discoveries about the topological solid state materials and potentially technical application on quantum computation. He also contributes a lot on <a href="/w/index.php?title=Emergent_quantum_field_theory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Emergent quantum field theory (not yet started)">emergent quantum field theory</a> and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Gravity_theory&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Gravity theory (not yet started)">gravity theory</a>, one idea is phenomenological Q theory of cosmological constant problem. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Life">Life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Change section: Life" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Life"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Volovik completed his master's degree at the Physico-Technical Institute in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>. In 1973 he went to the Landau Institute in Moscow, becoming Senior scientist in 1992. He completed his <a href="/wiki/PhD" class="mw-redirect" title="PhD">PhD</a> in 1973 with a <a href="/wiki/Thesis" title="Thesis">thesis</a> called the <i>Dynamics of a particle strongly interacting with a Bose System. In </i>1981, his <a href="/wiki/Habilitation" title="Habilitation">habilitation</a> (Russian doctor degree) was on <i>the Topology of defects in condensed matter</i>. In 1993, he was made Professor at the laboratory for low temperature physics of the Technical University of Helsinki (today's <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aalto_University&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aalto University (not yet started)">Aalto University</a>), but still worked at the Landau Institute. </p><p>In 1992, he received the Landau prize of the <a href="/wiki/Russian_Academy_of_Sciences" title="Russian Academy of Sciences">Russian Academy of Sciences</a>. In 2004, he received the Simon Memorial Award in low-temperature physics for his <i>fundamental research on the role of symmetry in low-temperature physics, and applications in Cosmology, quantum gravity, quantum field theory and particle physics</i> (Eulogy).<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> from 2003 to 2006 he was the leader of the European science Foundation, <i>Cosmology in the Laboratory</i>. Volovik is the author of several books and of more than 340 scientific journal publications. </p><p>In 2001, he became a member of the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Finnische_Akademie_der_Wissenschaften&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Finnische Akademie der Wissenschaften (not yet started)">Finnish Academy of Sciences</a> and in 2007, the Academy of Sciences Leopoldina. In 2014, he was awarded the <a href="/wiki/Lars_Onsager_Prize" title="Lars Onsager Prize">Lars Onsager prize</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Researches_in_Physics">Researches in Physics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Change section: Researches in Physics" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Researches in Physics"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>One of his contributions in middle of 1970s together with colleges was independently clarify the relationship between <a href="/wiki/Topology" title="Topology">topology</a> (<a href="/wiki/Homotopy" title="Homotopy">Homotopy</a>) of order parameter <a href="/wiki/Manifold" title="Manifold">manifold</a> and defects.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together with few work about topological property of instanton in high energy physics during that time, those work are enter in textbook nowaday. In 1996, the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Chiral_anomaly&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Chiral anomaly (not yet started)">Chiral anomaly</a> originating from the Fermi/Weyl point in superfluid <a href="/wiki/Helium-3" title="Helium-3">helium-3</a> has been observed.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After almost twenty years, same phenomena has been observed in solid material experiment. </p><p>In 1999, he firstly claimed that the existence of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Majorana&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Majorana (not yet started)">Majorana</a> fermion zero mode located in the core of vertex in spinless superconductors.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Publications">Publications</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Change section: Publications" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Publications"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Universe in a Helium Droplet. </i> Clarendon Press, Oxford, 2003, 2009.</li> <li><i>Exotic properties of superfluid Helium-3. </i> World Scientific 1992.</li> <li>with Matt Visser and Mario Novello (ed.): <i>Artificial Black Holes. </i> World Scientific 2002 (from Volovik: <i>Effective Gravity and quantum vacuum in super-fluid</i>)</li> <li>R. Huebener, and N. Schopohl (EDS.): <i>Vortices in unconventional superconductors and super fluids. </i> Springer Verlag, 2002.</li> <li>with M. Salomaa <i>Quantized vortices in superfluid He3. </i> In: <i>Reviews of Modern Physics. </i> Band 59, 1987, P. 533-613.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sources">Sources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Change section: Sources" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Sources"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dynastyfdn.com/english/downloads/dyn/lektory_summer_school_2010_eng.pdf">Biographical note in the summer school and <i>Relevant problem in the theory of condensed state. </i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304112125/http://www.dynastyfdn.com/english/downloads/dyn/lektory_summer_school_2010_eng.pdf">Archived</a> 2016-03-04 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Zelenogorsk 2010, pdf</li> <li>Member entry by Grigory E. Volovik, 10 August 2015, German Academy of natural scientists Leopoldina</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_websites">Other websites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Change section: Other websites" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Other websites"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://ltl.tkk.fi/wiki/Grigori_Volovik">Homepage in Helsinki</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://itp.ac.ru/en/persons/volovik-grigorii-efimovich/">Page at the Landau Institute publication list</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180916043350/http://www.itp.ac.ru/en/persons/volovik-grigorii-efimovich/">Archived</a> 2018-09-16 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/1.568223">Fermion zero modes on vortices in chiral superconductors | Springer for Research & Development</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Change section: References" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>change</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Grigory_E._Volovik&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: References"><span>change source</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724317">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r9724332">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100117102331/http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/19743">"Physics World for the price of Volovik"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://physicsworld.com/cws/article/news/19743">the original</a> on 17 January 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 September</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Physics+World+for+the+price+of+Volovik&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fphysicsworld.com%2Fcws%2Farticle%2Fnews%2F19743&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AGrigory+E.+Volovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r9724332"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190407183509/http://www.jetpletters.ac.ru/ps/1818/article_27785.shtml">"JETP Letters: issues online"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jetpletters.ac.ru/ps/1818/article_27785.shtml">the original</a> on 7 April 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=JETP+Letters%3A+issues+online&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jetpletters.ac.ru%2Fps%2F1818%2Farticle_27785.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fsimple.wikipedia.org%3AGrigory+E.+Volovik" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nature.com/articles/386689a0">Momentum creation by vortices in superfluid</a> <a href="/wiki/Helium-3" title="Helium-3">helium-3</a> as a model of primordial baryogenesis | Nature</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://link.springer.com/article/10.1134/1.568223">Fermion zero modes on vortices in 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