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<li id="toc-Foundation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Foundation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Foundation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Foundation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Crisis_and_World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Crisis_and_World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Crisis and World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Crisis_and_World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Postwar_period" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Postwar_period"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Postwar period</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Postwar_period-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Takeover_by_Volkswagen" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Takeover_by_Volkswagen"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Takeover by Volkswagen</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Takeover_by_Volkswagen-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Legal issues</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Legal_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">MAN SE</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 49 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-49" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">49 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D8%A9)" title="مان (شركة) – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مان (شركة)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ام‌آان – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ام‌آان" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%90%D0%9D_%D0%93%D1%80%D1%83%D0%BF" title="МАН Груп – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="МАН Груп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE_(konzerno)" title="MAN SE (konzerno) – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="MAN SE (konzerno)" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86" title="مان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_(azienda)" title="MAN (azienda) – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="MAN (azienda)" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%9F_(%D7%97%D7%91%D7%A8%D7%94)" title="מאן (חברה) – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מאן (חברה)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Lingala" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="Lingala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_(%D8%B4%D8%B1%D9%83%D9%87)" title="مان (شركه) – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="مان (شركه)" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_(%E4%BC%81%E6%A5%AD)" title="MAN (企業) – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="MAN (企業)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_(podnik)" title="MAN (podnik) – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="MAN (podnik)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_(%DA%A9%DB%86%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A7)" title="مان (کۆمپانیا) – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مان (کۆمپانیا)" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_(yritys)" title="MAN (yritys) – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="MAN (yritys)" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_SE" title="MAN SE – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="MAN SE" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99_(%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A9%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%97)" title="มัน (บริษัท) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="มัน (บริษัท)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN_(%C5%9Firket)" title="MAN (şirket) – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="MAN (şirket)" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN" title="MAN – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="MAN" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E6%81%A9%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E8%82%A1%E4%BB%BD%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="曼恩欧洲股份有限公司 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="曼恩欧洲股份有限公司" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/MAN%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="MAN集團 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="MAN集團" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q35953#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">German mechanical engineering company</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"MAN Group" redirects here. For the British investment company, see <a href="/wiki/Man_Group" title="Man Group">Man Group</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">MAN SE</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:MAN_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/MAN_logo.svg/250px-MAN_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/MAN_logo.svg/330px-MAN_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/MAN_logo.svg/440px-MAN_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="323" data-file-height="181" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Public_company" title="Public company">Public</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Societas_Europaea" title="Societas Europaea">Societas Europaea</a></i>)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a>, <a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">automotive industry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Naval_architecture" title="Naval architecture">marine engineering</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1758<span class="noprint">; 267 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1758</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">31 August 2021<span class="noprint">; 3 years ago</span><span style="display: none;"> (<span class="dtend">2021-08-31</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Mergers and acquisitions">Merged</a> into <a href="/wiki/Traton" title="Traton">Traton</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label"><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, Germany</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">Diesel</a> and other <a href="/wiki/Engine" title="Engine">engines</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turbomachinery" title="Turbomachinery">turbomachinery</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Euro" title="Euro">€</a>13.6 billion <small>(2016)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2010_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2010-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">53,824 <small>(end 2016)</small><sup id="cite_ref-AR2013_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AR2013-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>MAN SE</b> (abbreviation of <i>Maschinenfabrik <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a>-<a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nürnberg</a></i>, <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[maˈʃiːnənfaˌbʁiːk<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈʔaʊksbʊʁk<span class="wrap"> </span>ˈnʏʁnbɛʁk]</a></span>) was a manufacturing and engineering company based in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a>, Germany. Its primary output was commercial vehicles and diesel engines through its <a href="/wiki/MAN_Truck_%26_Bus" title="MAN Truck & Bus">MAN Truck & Bus</a> and <a href="/wiki/MAN_Latin_America" class="mw-redirect" title="MAN Latin America">MAN Latin America</a> divisions, and participation in the manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Sinotruk_(Hong_Kong)" title="Sinotruk (Hong Kong)">Sinotruk</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_Truck_&_Bus_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_Truck_&_Bus-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>MAN SE was majority-owned by <a href="/wiki/Traton" title="Traton">Traton</a>, the heavy commercial vehicle subsidiary of automaker <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen AG</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-man-ar-2008_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-man-ar-2008-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> until August 2021 when Traton completed a <a href="/wiki/Squeeze-out" title="Squeeze-out">squeeze-out</a> of all remaining shareholders and formally <a href="/wiki/Mergers_and_acquisitions" title="Mergers and acquisitions">merged</a> MAN SE into Traton SE, meaning the former subsidiaries of MAN SE were now directly owned by Traton, and MAN SE ceased to exist.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MAN_logo.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/MAN_logo.JPG/200px-MAN_logo.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/MAN_logo.JPG/300px-MAN_logo.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/26/MAN_logo.JPG/400px-MAN_logo.JPG 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="384" /></a><figcaption>This logo is on the front of all MAN trucks and buses. The lion comes from <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCssing" title="Büssing">Büssing AG</a>, a company that MAN acquired in 1971. It resembles the coat of arms of the city of <a href="/wiki/Braunschweig" title="Braunschweig">Brunswick</a>.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Foundation">Foundation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Foundation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/60px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/120px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This subsection <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/MAN_SE" title="Special:EditPage/MAN SE">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a> in this subsection. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22MAN+SE%22">"MAN SE"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22MAN+SE%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22MAN+SE%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22MAN+SE%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22MAN+SE%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22MAN+SE%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">March 2019</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>MAN traces its origins back to 1758, when the "St. Antony" ironworks commenced operation in <a href="/wiki/Oberhausen" title="Oberhausen">Oberhausen</a>, as the first heavy-industry enterprise in the <a href="/wiki/Ruhr" title="Ruhr">Ruhr</a> region. In 1808, the three ironworks "St. Antony", "Gute Hoffnung" (English: "Good Hope"), and "Neue Essen" (English: "New Forges") merged, to form the Hüttengewerkschaft und Handlung Jacobi (English: "Jacobi Iron And Steel Works Union And Trading Company"), Oberhausen, which was later renamed Gutehoffnungshütte (GHH).<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1840, German engineer Ludwig Sander founded in <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a> the first predecessor enterprise of MAN in Southern Germany: the "Sander'sche Maschinenfabrik". It firstly became the "C. Reichenbach'sche Maschinenfabrik", which was named after the pioneer of printing machines Carl August Reichenbach, and later on the "Maschinenfabrik Augsburg".<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The branch <i>Süddeutsche Brückenbau A.G.</i> (MAN-Werk Gustavsburg) was founded when the company in 1859 was awarded the contract for the construction of the railway bridge over the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> at <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>. </p><p>In 1898, the companies <i>Maschinenbau-AG <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nürnberg</a></i> (founded 1841) and <i>Maschinenfabrik Augsburg AG</i> (founded 1840) merged to form <i>Vereinigte Maschinenfabrik Augsburg und Maschinenbaugesellschaft Nürnberg A.G., Augsburg</i> ("United Machine Works Augsburg and Nuremberg Ltd."). In 1908, the company was renamed <i>Maschinenfabrik Augsburg Nürnberg AG</i>, or in short, M·A·N. </p><p>While the focus initially remained on ore mining and iron production in the <a href="/wiki/Ruhr_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruhr region">Ruhr region</a>, mechanical engineering became the dominating branch of business in Augsburg and Nuremberg. Under the direction of Heinrich von Buz, <i>Maschinenfabrik Augsburg</i> grew from a medium-sized business of 400 employees into a major enterprise with a workforce of 12,000 by 1913. </p><p>Locomotion, propulsion, and steel building were the big components of this phase. The early predecessors of MAN were responsible for numerous technological innovations. The success of the early MAN entrepreneurs and engineers such as <a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Gerber_(civil_engineer)" title="Heinrich Gerber (civil engineer)">Heinrich Gerber</a>, was based on a great openness towards new technologies. They constructed the Wuppertal monorail ("<a href="/wiki/Wuppertal_Schwebebahn" title="Wuppertal Schwebebahn">Wuppertaler Schwebebahn</a>") and the first spectacular steel bridges such as the Großhesseloher Brücke in <a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> in 1857 and the <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCngsten_Bridge" title="Müngsten Bridge">Müngsten railway bridge</a> between 1893 and 1897. </p><p>The invention of the rotary printing press allowed the copious printing of books and newspapers, and since 1893, <a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Diesel" title="Rudolf Diesel">Rudolf Diesel</a> puzzled for four years with future MAN engineers in a laboratory in <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a> until his first <a href="/wiki/Diesel_engine" title="Diesel engine">diesel engine</a> was completed and fully functional. </p><p>During 1921, the majority of MAN was taken over by the Gutehoffnungshütte Actienverein für Bergbau und Hüttenbetrieb, Sterkrade (GHH), (founded 1873).<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Through well-directed equities and acquisitions of processing industries, e.g., Deutsche Werft (1918), Ferrostaal (1921), Deggendorfer Werft und Eisenbau (1924), MAN advanced to a nationwide operating enterprise, with a workforce of 52,000 by 1921. MAN also produced tractors by the name MAN Ackerdiesel (1938-1962). The decision for tractor production was made due to increasing demand from eastern Germany. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MAN_1914.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Share of the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, issued 10 March 1914"><img alt="Share of the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, issued 10 March 1914" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/MAN_1914.JPG/250px-MAN_1914.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/MAN_1914.JPG/330px-MAN_1914.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7b/MAN_1914.JPG/500px-MAN_1914.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3610" data-file-height="2470" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Share of the Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg AG, issued 10 March 1914</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St_Antony.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Antony"><img alt="St. Antony" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/St_Antony.jpg/200px-St_Antony.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/St_Antony.jpg/300px-St_Antony.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/St_Antony.jpg/400px-St_Antony.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="529" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. Antony</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Suspension railway in Wuppertal, Germany, construction MAN-Werk Gustavsburg"><img alt="Suspension railway in Wuppertal, Germany, construction MAN-Werk Gustavsburg" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg/250px-Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg/330px-Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg/500px-Wuppertaler_Schwebebahn_c1913_LOC_03961u.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4944" data-file-height="3669" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Wuppertal_Suspension_Railway" class="mw-redirect" title="Wuppertal Suspension Railway">Suspension railway in Wuppertal</a>, Germany, construction MAN-Werk Gustavsburg</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Second_prototype_of_the_Diesel_engine_(1894),_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rudolf Diesel's first engine"><img alt="Rudolf Diesel's first engine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Second_prototype_of_the_Diesel_engine_%281894%29%2C_2.jpg/250px-Second_prototype_of_the_Diesel_engine_%281894%29%2C_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="130" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Second_prototype_of_the_Diesel_engine_%281894%29%2C_2.jpg/330px-Second_prototype_of_the_Diesel_engine_%281894%29%2C_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2217" data-file-height="3410" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Rudolf Diesel's first engine</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Crisis_and_World_War_II">Crisis and World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Crisis and World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg/220px-Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg/330px-Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg/440px-Panther_Tank_Overloon_2019.jpg 2x" data-file-width="901" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>Panzer V "Panther"</figcaption></figure> <p>At the same time, the GHH's economic situation worsened. The causes for this were, among others, the <a href="/wiki/World_War_I_reparations" title="World War I reparations">reparations</a> after <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, the occupation of the Ruhr region and the world economic crisis. In only two years, the number of MAN employees sank from 14,000 in 1929/30 to 7,400 in 1931/32. While the civil business was largely collapsing, the military business increased with the armament under the <a href="/wiki/Nazi_Party" title="Nazi Party">National Socialist</a> regime. GHH/MAN enterprises supplied finished tanks, diesel engines for submarines and surface craft, and cylinders for projectiles and artillery of every description. Although MAN produced experimental diesel engines for tanks (<a href="/wiki/Panzers" class="mw-redirect" title="Panzers">Panzers</a>), <a href="/wiki/List_of_WWII_Maybach_engines" title="List of WWII Maybach engines">Maybach</a> enjoyed a <i>de facto</i> monopoly on the design and manufacture of all tank and half-track engines, which were water-cooled, <a href="/wiki/Four-stroke_engine" title="Four-stroke engine">four-stroke</a> gasoline motors. No diesel engines were installed in production <a href="/wiki/Armoured_fighting_vehicle" title="Armoured fighting vehicle">armoured fighting vehicles</a> during the war. MAN also produced gun parts, including <a href="/wiki/Mauser" title="Mauser">Mauser</a> <a href="/wiki/Karabiner_98k" title="Karabiner 98k">Karabiner 98k</a> rifle bolts. MAN's <a href="/wiki/Waffenamt" title="Waffenamt">Waffenamt</a> code was WaA53, and ordnance code was "coc". </p><p>The MAN works in <a href="/wiki/Augsburg" title="Augsburg">Augsburg</a>, which produced diesel engines for <a href="/wiki/U-boat" title="U-boat">U-boats</a> and surface craft, and the MAN works in <a href="/wiki/Nuremberg" title="Nuremberg">Nuremberg</a>, which built 40% of Germany's <a href="/wiki/Panther_tank" title="Panther tank">Panther tanks</a>, were often the target of massive Allied bombing attacks during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Postwar_period">Postwar period</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Postwar period"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the end of World War II, the allies split up the GHH group. A <a href="/wiki/Vertical_integration" title="Vertical integration">vertical integration</a>, in which mining, iron, and steel production are consolidated, was not allowed anymore. The "Gutehoffnungshütte", together with the MAN firms of Southern Germany, therefore concentrated on engineering, plant construction, commercial vehicles, and printing machines. This process has been supported by strategic acquisitions and dispositions; one of the most important was the take-over of the truck and bus division of the commercial vehicles manufacturer <a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCssing" title="Büssing">Büssing</a> (1971), the disposition of the shares of the shipyard Deutsche Werft (1966/67), and the acquisition of the printing machine producer Faber&Schleicher, as well as its fusion to <a href="/wiki/Manroland" title="Manroland">MAN Roland Druckmaschinen AG</a> (1979).<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1980, MAN took control of <a href="/wiki/Burmeister_%26_Wain" title="Burmeister & Wain">Burmeister & Wain</a>, the Danish company that had been a world leader in design and construction of large diesel engines for large ships. </p><p>In 1982/83, the "Gutehoffnungshütte" plunged into a deep corporate crisis. The enterprise suffered from the late effects of the second oil crisis and a bad economic situation. This was particularly displayed by the dramatic downturn of the commercial vehicle sales figures. Besides external factors, the chief course of these problems was the obsolete company structure with extensive cross-subsidisation between the divisions. At this time, the former director of GHH presented a reclamation concept that envisioned a complete consolidation of the subsidiary with the holding company. This concept encountered great resistance with GHH's major shareholders Allianz AG and Commerzbank. The media speculated about a "Bavarian conspiracy" against the management in Oberhausen.<sup id="cite_ref-MAN_history_1-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1986, with Klaus Götte, the group got a new company structure and became a contractual group with an economically independent division at several locations. This was also attended by the transferring of the MAN headquarters from Oberhausen to Munich, and by the new company name, MAN AG. </p><p>Rudolf Rupprecht repelled a takeover attempt in 2003. Furthermore, the disposition of the 50% share of the SMS Group and the strengthening of the turbomachinery division through the takeover of Sulzer Turbo induced MAN's focusing process. </p><p>In 2006, MAN entered into an agreement with Indian company <a href="/wiki/Force_Motors" title="Force Motors">Force Motors</a> to establish a 50:50 joint venture for the production of trucks and buses in <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a> for the domestic and export markets. The joint venture established a truck manufacturing plant in <a href="/wiki/Pithampur" title="Pithampur">Pithampur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Madhya_Pradesh" title="Madhya Pradesh">Madhya Pradesh</a>, and launched its first truck for the Indian market in 2007. At the end of 2011, MAN bought out the stake of its Indian partner, and its operations in India became a wholly owned subsidiary of MAN in early 2012.<sup id="cite_ref-mt-apc2012_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mt-apc2012-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> MAN ended production and sales in India and sold the Pithampur plant back to Force Motors in 2018.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2006, MAN produced an offer for the take-over of the Swedish competitor <a href="/wiki/Scania_AB" title="Scania AB">Scania AB</a>. The European Commission approved the takeover on 14 December. Nevertheless, MAN voluntarily withdrew the offer on 23 January 2007, after Scania's major shareholders <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen AG">Volkswagen AG</a> and the influential Wallenberg family had declined the offer. On 24 December 2008, MAN published to possess further stock options of Scania and to therefore maintain more than 20% of the voting rights. As of October 2019, MAN SE still owns 17.37% of the voting rights in Scania, with the remainder of Scania being directly owned by Volkswagen Group's heavy commercial vehicle subsidiary, Traton SE.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, the MAN group celebrated its 250th anniversary with numerous events, such as exhibitions in several museums, a vintage car tour with the motto "MAN on the road again", and a great anniversary gala. At the beginning of December 2008, MAN took over <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a>'s Brazilian truck and bus operation, <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Caminh%C3%B5es_e_%C3%94nibus" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus">Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus</a>, putting the division under the control of MAN Latin America. Therewith, MAN now is a market leader in <a href="/wiki/Brazil" title="Brazil">Brazil</a>, with a market share of 30%. </p><p>Since May 2009, the group is incorporated as European corporation MAN SE.<sup id="cite_ref-man-pr-2009-05-26_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-man-pr-2009-05-26-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2009, MAN published to merge the two divisions, MAN Turbo and <a href="/wiki/MAN_Diesel" title="MAN Diesel">MAN Diesel</a>, into one business area called Power Engineering. In addition, the group contracted a strategic partnership with Chinese truck manufacturer <a href="/wiki/China_National_Heavy_Duty_Truck_Group" title="China National Heavy Duty Truck Group">Sinotruk</a>, purchasing 25% + 1 share of the company. In the course of this focusing process, many smaller subsidiaries and divisions have been sold. </p><p>In 2009, investigators of the Munich <a href="/wiki/Staatsanwaltschaft" class="mw-redirect" title="Staatsanwaltschaft">Prosecutor's Office</a> uncovered a corruption affair, in which MAN had been bribing business partners and governments in over 20 countries from 2001 to 2007, to get large orders for buses and trucks. MAN CEO Håkan Samuelsson and other board members had to resign. The board of directors appointed Dr.-Ing. Georg Pachta-Reyhofen, the former CEO of MAN Diesel, as successor. On 17 December 2009, Pachta-Reyhofen was assigned as speaker of the board and CEO of MAN SE by the board of directors. </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="MAN truck 11-136"><img alt="MAN truck 11-136" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG/200px-Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="154" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG/300px-Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG/400px-Sylt_25.08.2013_18-06-44.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1774" data-file-height="1370" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">MAN truck 11-136</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/200px-seek%3D4-MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="200" height="113" data-durationhint="16" data-mwtitle="MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug,_Füssen.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e9/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm/MAN_Feuerwehrfahrzeug%2C_F%C3%BCssen.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">MAN fire engine</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_(30S).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A 2016 MAN TGS 26.480 6×4 BL (30S) truck"><img alt="A 2016 MAN TGS 26.480 6×4 BL (30S) truck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_%2830S%29.jpg/250px-MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_%2830S%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_%2830S%29.jpg/330px-MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_%2830S%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_%2830S%29.jpg/500px-MAN_TGS_26.480_6X4_BL_%2830S%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4224" data-file-height="2376" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">A 2016 MAN TGS 26.480 6×4 BL (30S) truck</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:SteamTurbine.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="MAN steam turbine"><img alt="MAN steam turbine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/SteamTurbine.jpg/250px-SteamTurbine.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/SteamTurbine.jpg/330px-SteamTurbine.jpg 2x" data-file-width="438" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">MAN <a href="/wiki/Steam_turbine" title="Steam turbine">steam turbine</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MANConstellation.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus Constellation truck"><img alt="Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus Constellation truck" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/MANConstellation.jpg/250px-MANConstellation.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/MANConstellation.jpg/330px-MANConstellation.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/40/MANConstellation.jpg/500px-MANConstellation.jpg 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="533" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Caminh%C3%B5es_e_%C3%94nibus" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus">Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus</a> <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Constellation" title="Volkswagen Constellation">Constellation</a> truck</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Takeover_by_Volkswagen">Takeover by Volkswagen</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Takeover by Volkswagen"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444" /><table class="box-Update plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Update" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/60px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png" decoding="async" width="42" height="34" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Ambox_current_red.svg/120px-Ambox_current_red.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="360" data-file-height="290" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section needs to be <b>updated</b>. The reason given is: future statements need to be updated and revised; note that the MAN brand still exists (despite the merger).<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help update this article to reflect recent events or newly available information.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">May 2023</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>In July 2011, Volkswagen AG acquired a 55.9% voting stake and 53.7% of the share capital in MAN SE. Pending regulatory approval, Volkswagen planned to merge MAN and Scania AB to create Europe's largest truck maker. The combined trucks group is planned to save about 400 million euros per year, mainly by bundling procurement.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Regulatory approval was granted, and the takeover was completed in November 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In April 2012, MAN SE announced that Volkswagen had increased its interest to a 73.0% voting stake and 71.08% of the share capital.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 6 June 2012, Volkswagen AG announced that it had increased its share of voting rights in MAN SE to 75.03%, paving the way for a domination agreement to be put in place.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>From January 2019, MAN's Power Engineering division, made up of <a href="/wiki/MAN_Energy_Solutions" title="MAN Energy Solutions">MAN Energy Solutions</a> (formerly MAN Diesel and Turbo) and MAN SE's 76% stake in RENK AG were sold to the Volkswagen Group, leaving MAN SE as the holding company for commercial vehicle units, <a href="/wiki/MAN_Truck_%26_Bus" title="MAN Truck & Bus">MAN Truck & Bus</a>, and MAN Latin America, under the responsibility of Volkswagen's subsidiary, Traton SE.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In March 2019, MAN SE announced that 94.36% of its shares were held by Traton.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In February 2020, Traton announced that it intends to merge MAN SE with Traton to simplify the latter's overall structure. As a result of the merger, MAN Truck & Bus, Scania AB, and Volkswagen Caminhões e Ônibus will become wholly owned, direct subsidiaries of Traton.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In September 2020, the company announced that it will be cutting over 9,500 job positions at its MAN Truck & Bus division, as a result of the <a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic" title="COVID-19 pandemic">COVID-19 pandemic</a> economic effects. The company made the move to generate €1.8 billion of cost savings by 2023.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_issues">Legal issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Legal issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2011, a former manager in the company was charged with bribery of <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmen</a> state officials in exchange for project contracts in 2002. The trial began in Munich in 2019 after a delay of the initial trial set for 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The MAN manager was suspected in giving 8.4 million euros in bribes in 2002–2007 to the head of the state-owned <a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCrkmennebit" title="Türkmennebit">Turkmennebit</a> company, Saparmammet Veliev. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=MAN_SE&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" 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.reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-MAN_history-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-MAN_history_1-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.man.de/MAN/en/Unternehmen/Die_MAN_Gruppe/Firmenhistorie/">"MAN SE - The MAN Group's History - Industrial Pioneering"</a>. <i>MAN SE</i>. MAN.de<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 November</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=MAN+SE&rft.atitle=MAN+SE+-+The+MAN+Group%27s+History+-+Industrial+Pioneering&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.man.de%2FMAN%2Fen%2FUnternehmen%2FDie_MAN_Gruppe%2FFirmenhistorie%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://traton.com/en/newsroom/press_releases/press-release-31082021.html">"TRATON successfully completes merger squeeze-out of MAN SE"</a>. TRATON SE. August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TRATON+successfully+completes+merger+squeeze-out+of+MAN+SE&rft.pub=TRATON+SE&rft.date=2021-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftraton.com%2Fen%2Fnewsroom%2Fpress_releases%2Fpress-release-31082021.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AR2010-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-AR2010_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812235358/http://www.man.eu/MAN-Downloadgalleries/All/3Investor_Relations/Geschaeftsbericht/2010/gb_2010_online_e_s.pdf">"Annual Report 2010"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. MAN Group. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.man.eu/MAN-Downloadgalleries/All/3Investor_Relations/Geschaeftsbericht/2010/gb_2010_online_e_s.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 August 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 January</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.man.eu&rft.atitle=MAN+Global+Corporate+Website&rft.date=2014-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.corporate.man.eu%2Fen%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-man-ar-2008-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-man-ar-2008_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>MAN AG Annual Report 2016</i>. 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TRATON SE. August 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TRATON+successfully+completes+merger+squeeze-out+of+MAN+SE&rft.pub=TRATON+SE&rft.date=2021-08&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftraton.com%2Fen%2Fnewsroom%2Fpress_releases%2Fpress-release-31082021.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mt-apc2012-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-mt-apc2012_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neotrucks.com/pdf/20120214_jpk_presentation.pdf">"Annual Press Conference - February 14, 2012"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. MAN SE<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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MAN SE. 26 May 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.man.eu/MAN/en/Investor_Relations/Finanznachrichten/Pressemitteilungen/index.html?qry=20090526-manse">the original</a> on 20 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.man.eu&rft.atitle=MAN+becomes+a+European+stock+corporation&rft.date=2009-05-26&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.man.eu%2FMAN%2Fen%2FInvestor_Relations%2FFinanznachrichten%2FPressemitteilungen%2Findex.html%3Fqry%3D20090526-manse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.reuters.com/article/us-man-volkswagen-idUSTRE74U18N20110531">"VW motors ahead with MAN-Scania truck merger plan"</a>. <i>Reuters</i>. 31 May 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 May</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reuters&rft.atitle=Volkswagen+hikes+majority+stake+in+truckmaker+MAN&rft.date=2012-04-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fuk.reuters.com%2Farticle%2Fman-volkswagen-idUKL6E8FD4FT20120413&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160303230724/http://www.volkswagenag.com/content/vwcorp/info_center/en/news/2012/06/Volkswagen_Konzern_erhht_Stimmrechtsanteil_an_MAN_SE_auf_75_03_Prozent.html">"Volkswagen Group increases its share of voting rights in MAN SE to 75.03 percent"</a>. 6 June 2012. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TRATON+seeking+to+execute+a+squeeze-out+of+the+non-controlling+shareholders+of+MAN+SE+in+accordance+with+merger+law&rft.date=2020-02-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftraton.com%2Fen%2Fnewsroom%2Fpress_releases%2Fpress_release_28022020.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFOlaf_StorbeckNaomi_Rovnick2020" class="citation news cs1">Olaf Storbeck; Naomi Rovnick (11 September 2020). <span class="id-lock-subscription" title="Paid subscription required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ft.com/content/98c321a3-b181-437c-84a2-d57960423ca7">"German truckmaker MAN to cut up to 9,500 jobs"</a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Financial_Times" title="Financial Times">Financial Times</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/archive/20221210/https://www.ft.com/content/98c321a3-b181-437c-84a2-d57960423ca7">Archived</a> from the original on 10 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 September</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Financial+Times&rft.atitle=German+truckmaker+MAN+to+cut+up+to+9%2C500+jobs&rft.date=2020-09-11&rft.au=Olaf+Storbeck&rft.au=Naomi+Rovnick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ft.com%2Fcontent%2F98c321a3-b181-437c-84a2-d57960423ca7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFRFE/RL's_Turkmen_Service2019" class="citation news cs1">RFE/RL's Turkmen Service (11 December 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.rferl.org/a/former-german-manager-on-trial-for-bribing-of-turkmen-oil-officials/30319919.html">"Former German Manager On Trial For Bribing Of Turkmen Oil Officials"</a>. <i>Radio Free Europe / Radio Liberty</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 December</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Radio+Free+Europe+%2F+Radio+Liberty&rft.atitle=Former+German+Manager+On+Trial+For+Bribing+Of+Turkmen+Oil+Officials&rft.date=2019-12-11&rft.au=RFE%2FRL%27s+Turkmen+Service&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.rferl.org%2Fa%2Fformer-german-manager-on-trial-for-bribing-of-turkmen-oil-officials%2F30319919.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMAN+SE" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200717050501/https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/search_fcpa?page=115&query=&sort=Relevance&utf8=%E2%9C%93">"GIR Search - GIR - Global Investigations Review"</a>. <i>globalinvestigationsreview.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://globalinvestigationsreview.com/search_fcpa?page=115&query=&sort=Relevance&utf8=%E2%9C%93">the original</a> on 17 July 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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/></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <span style="font-weight: bold; font-style: italic;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:MAN" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:MAN">MAN</a></span>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.mantruckandbus.com/en/man.html">Official website</a></span></span> <span class="mw-valign-text-top" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35953#P856" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://purl.org/pressemappe20/folder/co/045539">Documents and clippings about MAN SE</a> in the <a href="/wiki/20th_Century_Press_Archives" title="20th Century Press Archives">20th Century Press Archives</a> of the <a href="/wiki/German_National_Library_of_Economics" title="German National Library of Economics">ZBW</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="MAN_SE55" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini 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template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="MAN_SE55" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">MAN SE</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Truck_%26_Bus" title="MAN Truck & Bus">MAN Truck & Bus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neoplan" title="Neoplan">Neoplan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Truck_%26_Bus" title="Volkswagen Truck & Bus">Volkswagen Truck & Bus</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MANA%C5%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="MANAŞ">MANAŞ</a> (81%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_MAN_Military_Vehicles" title="Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles">Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles</a> (49%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinotruk_(Hong_Kong)" title="Sinotruk (Hong Kong)">Sinotruk</a> (25%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCssing" title="Büssing">Büssing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Automobil_Gesellschaft" title="Neue Automobil Gesellschaft">Neue Automobil Gesellschaft</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ERF_(truck_manufacturer)" title="ERF (truck manufacturer)">ERF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrostaal" title="Ferrostaal">Ferrostaal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gr%C3%A4f_%26_Stift" title="Gräf & Stift">Gräf & Stift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Diesel" title="MAN Diesel">MAN Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Turbo" title="MAN Turbo">MAN Turbo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoman_Bus" title="Neoman Bus">Neoman Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Energy_Solutions" title="MAN Energy Solutions">MAN Energy Solutions</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paxman_(engines)" title="Paxman (engines)">Paxman</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96AF" title="ÖAF">ÖAF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renk" title="Renk">Renk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steyr-Daimler-Puch#Steyr_trucks" title="Steyr-Daimler-Puch">Steyr Trucks</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Volkswagen_Group302" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Volkswagen_Group" title="Template:Volkswagen Group"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Volkswagen_Group" title="Template talk:Volkswagen Group"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Volkswagen_Group" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Volkswagen Group"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Volkswagen_Group302" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen Group</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ownership</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porsche_SE" title="Porsche SE">Porsche SE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">State of Lower Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Qatar_Investment_Authority" title="Qatar Investment Authority">Qatar Holding LLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Group_Companies" title="Capital Group Companies">Capital Group Companies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Divisions and<br />subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Passenger cars</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audi_Sport_GmbH" title="Audi Sport GmbH">Audi Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bentley" title="Bentley">Bentley</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H._J._Mulliner_%26_Co." title="H. J. Mulliner & Co.">Mulliner</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lamborghini" title="Lamborghini">Lamborghini</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scout_(automobile)" class="mw-redirect" title="Scout (automobile)">Scout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SEAT" title="SEAT">SEAT</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cupra_(marque)" title="Cupra (marque)">Cupra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Auto" title="Škoda Auto">Škoda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_R" title="Volkswagen R">VW R</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sehol_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="Sehol (marque)">Sehol</a> (<abbr title="Joint venture">JV</abbr> with <a href="/wiki/JAC_Group" title="JAC Group">JAC</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jetta_(marque)" class="mw-redirect" title="Jetta (marque)">Jetta</a> (JV with <a href="/wiki/FAW_Group" title="FAW Group">FAW</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Commercial vehicles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traton" title="Traton">Traton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Truck_%26_Bus" title="MAN Truck & Bus">MAN Truck & Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Motors" title="International Motors">International Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scania_AB" title="Scania AB">Scania</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Truck_%26_Bus" title="Volkswagen Truck & Bus">Volkswagen Truck & Bus</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles">Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motorcycles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ducati_Motor_Holding" class="mw-redirect" title="Ducati Motor Holding">Ducati</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Engines</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Energy_Solutions" title="MAN Energy Solutions">MAN Energy Solutions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electrify_America" title="Electrify America">Electrify America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electrify_Canada" title="Electrify Canada">Electrify Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italdesign_Giugiaro" title="Italdesign Giugiaro">Italdesign Giugiaro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C5%A0koda_Auto_Volkswagen_India" title="Škoda Auto Volkswagen India">Škoda Auto Volkswagen India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_of_America" title="Volkswagen Group of America">Volkswagen Group of America</a> <span style="font-size: 85%;">(<a href="/wiki/VW_Electronics_Research_Laboratory" title="VW Electronics Research Laboratory">Electronics Research Laboratory</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Argentina" title="Volkswagen Argentina">Volkswagen Argentina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_do_Brasil" title="Volkswagen do Brasil">Volkswagen do Brasil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AutoLatina" title="AutoLatina">AutoLatina</a> (defunct)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_China" title="Volkswagen Group China">Volkswagen Group China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_de_M%C3%A9xico" title="Volkswagen de México">Volkswagen de México</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group_Rus" title="Volkswagen Group Rus">Volkswagen Group Rus</a> (defunct)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_of_South_Africa" title="Volkswagen of South Africa">Volkswagen of South Africa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Shareholdings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SAIC_Volkswagen" title="SAIC Volkswagen">SAIC Volkswagen</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAW-Volkswagen" title="FAW-Volkswagen">FAW-Volkswagen</a> (40%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Anhui" title="Volkswagen Anhui">Volkswagen Anhui</a> (75%)</li> <li>Anhui Jianghuai Automobile Group Holdings (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/IAV" class="mw-redirect" title="IAV">IAV</a> (50%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Here_Technologies" title="Here Technologies">Here</a> (33.3%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argo_AI" title="Argo AI">Argo AI</a> (42%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sinotruk_(Hong_Kong)" title="Sinotruk (Hong Kong)">Sinotruk (Hong Kong)</a> (25%)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hino_Motors#History" title="Hino Motors">Hino and Traton Global Procurement</a> (51%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products and<br />technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_platforms" title="List of Volkswagen Group platforms">Platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Volkswagen_vehicles" title="Category:Volkswagen vehicles">Vehicles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group engines">Engines</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i>Diesel:</i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_diesel_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group diesel engines">current</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_Volkswagen_Group_diesel_engines" title="List of discontinued Volkswagen Group diesel engines">discontinued</a></li> <li><i>Petrol:</i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_petrol_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines">current</a> / <a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_Volkswagen_Group_petrol_engines" title="List of discontinued Volkswagen Group petrol engines">discontinued</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_Volkswagen_engines" title="List of North American Volkswagen engines">North America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technologies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BlueMotion" title="BlueMotion">BlueMotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digifant_engine_management_system" title="Digifant engine management system">Digifant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct-shift_gearbox" title="Direct-shift gearbox">DSG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ETKA" title="ETKA">ETKA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gasoline_direct_injection" title="Gasoline direct injection">FSI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unit_injector" title="Unit injector">Pumpe Düse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quattro_(four-wheel-drive_system)" title="Quattro (four-wheel-drive system)">Quattro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SDI_(engine)" title="SDI (engine)">SDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TDI_(engine)" title="TDI (engine)">TDI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VAG-COM" class="mw-redirect" title="VAG-COM">VAG-COM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued brands</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Union" title="Auto Union">Auto Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DKW" title="DKW">DKW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horch" title="Horch">Horch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSU_Motorenwerke" title="NSU Motorenwerke">NSU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderer_(company)" title="Wanderer (company)">Wanderer</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Places</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autostadt" title="Autostadt">Autostadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehra-Lessien" title="Ehra-Lessien">Ehra-Lessien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_factories" title="List of Volkswagen Group factories">Factories</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Volkswagen_Group_people" title="Category:Volkswagen Group people">People</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Porsche" title="Ferdinand Porsche">Ferdinand Porsche</a> (founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carl_Hahn" title="Carl Hahn">Carl Hahn</a> (Chairman Emeritus)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ivan_Hirst" title="Ivan Hirst">Ivan Hirst</a> (Former Managing Director)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_Leiding" title="Rudolf Leiding">Rudolf Leiding</a> (Former CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurt_Lotz" title="Kurt Lotz">Kurt Lotz</a> (Former CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Nordhoff" title="Heinrich Nordhoff">Heinrich Nordhoff</a> (Former Managing Director)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferdinand_Pi%C3%ABch" title="Ferdinand Piëch">Ferdinand Piëch</a> (Former Chairman of the Supervisory Board, former CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernd_Pischetsrieder" title="Bernd Pischetsrieder">Bernd Pischetsrieder</a> (Former CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hans_Dieter_P%C3%B6tsch" title="Hans Dieter Pötsch">Hans Dieter Pötsch</a> (Chairman of the Supervisory Board)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toni_Schm%C3%BCcker" title="Toni Schmücker">Toni Schmücker</a> (Former CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Winterkorn" title="Martin Winterkorn">Martin Winterkorn</a> (Former Chairman of the Board of Management)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porsche-Pi%C3%ABch_family" class="mw-redirect" title="Porsche-Piëch family">Porsche Family</a> (owner)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motorsport</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Teams: <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Motorsport" title="Volkswagen Motorsport">Rally Teams</a></li> <li>Series: <a href="/wiki/Formula_Vee" title="Formula Vee">Formula Vee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_Super_Vee" title="Formula Super Vee">Formula Super Vee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Formula_Volkswagen_Germany" title="Formula Volkswagen Germany">Formula Volkswagen Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Jetta_TDI_Cup" title="Volkswagen Jetta TDI Cup">Jetta TDI Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Scirocco_R-Cup" title="Volkswagen Scirocco R-Cup">Scirocco R Cup</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_emissions_scandal" title="Volkswagen emissions scandal">Volkswagen Emissions Scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_currywurst" title="Volkswagen currywurst">Volkswagen Currywurst</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_worker_organizations" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen worker organizations">Volkswagen worker organizations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/20px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/40px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Volkswagen_Group" title="Category:Volkswagen Group">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles255" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Template:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Template talk:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles255" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles">Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>A <a href="/wiki/Brand" title="Brand">marque</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen Group</a><br /><b>See Also</b>: <a href="/wiki/Template:Volkswagen_Passenger_Cars" title="Template:Volkswagen Passenger Cars">Volkswagen Passenger Cars</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Amarok" title="Volkswagen Amarok">Amarok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Caddy" title="Volkswagen Caddy">Caddy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Crafter" title="Volkswagen Crafter">Crafter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_ID._Buzz" title="Volkswagen ID. Buzz">ID. Buzz Cargo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Saveiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Saveiro">Saveiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Transporter_(T7)" title="Volkswagen Transporter (T7)">Transporter/Caravelle (T7)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Multivan_(T7)" title="Volkswagen Multivan (T7)">Multivan (T7)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Discontinued models</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_air-cooled_engine" title="Volkswagen air-cooled engine">Aircooled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_147_Kleinlieferwagen" title="Volkswagen Type 147 Kleinlieferwagen">Kleinlieferwagen (Fridolin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_EA489_Basistransporter" title="Volkswagen EA489 Basistransporter">EA489 Basistransporter (Hormiga)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_2" title="Volkswagen Type 2">Type 2 (T1) Transporter / Bus / <i>Splitscreen</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_2_(T3)" title="Volkswagen Type 2 (T3)">Type 2 (T3): Transporter / Caravelle / Vanagon / T25</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Water_cooling" title="Water cooling">Watercooled</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Type_2_(T3)" title="Volkswagen Type 2 (T3)">Type 2 (T3): Transporter/Caravelle/Vanagon/T25</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Transporter_(T4)" title="Volkswagen Transporter (T4)">T4: Transporter/Multivan/Caravelle/Eurovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Transporter_(T5)" title="Volkswagen Transporter (T5)">T5: Transporter/Multivan/Eurovan/Kombi/Caravelle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Transporter_(T6)" title="Volkswagen Transporter (T6)">T6: Transporter/Caravelle/California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Taro" title="Volkswagen Taro">Taro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_L80" title="Volkswagen L80">L80</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_LT" title="Volkswagen LT">LT</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Concept_vehicle" class="mw-redirect" title="Concept vehicle">Concept Vehicles</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Microbus_Concept" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Microbus Concept">Microbus Concept</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Amarok#Search_and_Rescue_Pickup_concept" title="Volkswagen Amarok">Search & Rescue Pickup Concept</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Campervan" title="Campervan">Campervans</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Westfalia_Camper" title="Volkswagen Westfalia Camper">Westfalia Camper</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See Also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_factories" title="List of Volkswagen Group factories">list of Volkswagen Group factories</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_platforms" title="List of Volkswagen Group platforms">list of Volkswagen Group platforms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_petrol_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group petrol engines">list of Volkswagen Group petrol engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Volkswagen_Group_diesel_engines" title="List of Volkswagen Group diesel engines">list of Volkswagen Group diesel engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_Volkswagen_Group_petrol_engines" title="List of discontinued Volkswagen Group petrol engines">discontinued petrol engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_discontinued_Volkswagen_Group_diesel_engines" title="List of discontinued Volkswagen Group diesel engines">discontinued diesel engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_Volkswagen_engines" title="List of North American Volkswagen engines">North American engines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4motion" title="4motion">4motion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Transporter" title="Volkswagen Transporter">Transporter (range)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Trucks_and_Buses" class="mw-redirect" title="Volkswagen Trucks and Buses">Volkswagen Trucks and Buses</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Automotive_industry_in_Germany180" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Automotive_industry_in_Germany" title="Template:Automotive industry in Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Automotive_industry_in_Germany" title="Template talk:Automotive industry in Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive_industry_in_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Automotive industry in Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Automotive_industry_in_Germany180" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry_in_Germany" title="Automotive industry in Germany">Automotive industry in Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Automotive_industry" title="Automotive industry">Automotive industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Germany" title="Economy of Germany">Economy of Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Germany" title="Transport in Germany">Transport in Germany</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><a href="/wiki/Category:Automotive_companies_of_Germany" title="Category:Automotive companies of Germany">Companies</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Germany" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Germany">Active <br />vehicle <br />producers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Automobil" title="Apollo Automobil">Apollo Automobil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aiways#Gumpert_Aiways_Automobile" title="Aiways">Gumpert Aiways Automobile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Artega_Automobile" title="Artega Automobile">Artega Automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW" title="BMW">BMW</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BMW_i" title="BMW i">BMW i</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_Motorrad" title="BMW Motorrad">BMW Motorrad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Truck" title="Daimler Truck">Daimler Truck</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Daimler_Buses" title="Daimler Buses">Daimler Buses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Setra" title="Setra">Setra</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elaris" title="Elaris">Elaris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Krauss-Maffei_Wegmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Krauss-Maffei Wegmann">Krauss-Maffei Wegmann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isdera" title="Isdera">Isdera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotec" title="Lotec">Lotec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Group" title="Mercedes-Benz Group">Mercedes-Benz Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz" title="Mercedes-Benz">Mercedes-Benz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smart_(marque)" title="Smart (marque)">Smart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maybach" title="Maybach">Maybach</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall" title="Rheinmetall">Rheinmetall</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_MAN_Military_Vehicles" title="Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles">RMMV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruf_Automobile" title="Ruf Automobile">Ruf Automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Group" title="Volkswagen Group">Volkswagen Group</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Audi" title="Audi">Audi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Horch" title="Horch">Horch</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MAN_Truck_%26_Bus" title="MAN Truck & Bus">MAN</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neoplan" title="Neoplan">Neoplan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_MAN_Military_Vehicles" title="Rheinmetall MAN Military Vehicles">RMMV</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen" title="Volkswagen">Volkswagen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Volkswagen_Commercial_Vehicles" title="Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles">Volkswagen Commercial Vehicles</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wiesmann" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesmann">Wiesmann</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Foreign_owned13" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Foreign owned</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Apollo_Automobil" title="Apollo Automobil">Apollo Automobil</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aiways#Gumpert_Aiways_Automobile" title="Aiways">Gumpert Aiways Automobile</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ford_of_Europe" title="Ford of Europe">Ford of Europe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ford_Germany" title="Ford Germany">Ford-Werke</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magirus" title="Magirus">Magirus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel" title="Opel">Opel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Motor_Europe" title="Hyundai Motor Europe">Hyundai</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_automobile_manufacturers_of_Germany#Former_manufacturers" title="List of automobile manufacturers of Germany">Defunct <br />vehicle <br />producers</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adler_(cars_and_motorcycle)" title="Adler (cars and motorcycle)">Adler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automobilwerk_Eisenach" title="Automobilwerk Eisenach">Automobilwerk Eisenach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Union" title="Auto Union">Auto Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baijah_Automotive" title="Baijah Automotive">Baijah Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beaufort_(automobiles)" title="Beaufort (automobiles)">Beaufort</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgward" title="Borgward">Borgward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borgward_Group" title="Borgward Group">Borgward Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennabor" title="Brennabor">Brennabor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Br%C3%BCtsch" title="Brütsch">Brütsch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCssing" title="Büssing">Büssing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DKW" title="DKW">DKW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edelsbrunner_Automobile_M%C3%BCnchen" title="Edelsbrunner Automobile München">Edelsbrunner Automobile München</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ehrhardt-Szawe" title="Ehrhardt-Szawe">Ehrhardt-Szawe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisenacher_Motorenwerk" title="Eisenacher Motorenwerk">Eisenacher Motorenwerk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fuldamobil" title="Fuldamobil">Fuldamobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glas_(company)" title="Glas (company)">Glas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goggomobil" title="Goggomobil">Goggomobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goliath_(company)" title="Goliath (company)">Goliath</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gutbrod" title="Gutbrod">Gutbrod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartge" title="Hartge">Hartge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanomag#Cars" title="Hanomag">Hanomag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hansa_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hansa (car)">Hansa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horch" title="Horch">Horch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kersting-Modellbauwerkst%C3%A4tten" title="Kersting-Modellbauwerkstätten">Kersting-Modellbauwerkstätten</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kleinschnittger" title="Kleinschnittger">Kleinschnittger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BChlstein" title="Kühlstein">Kühlstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loremo" title="Loremo">Loremo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markranst%C3%A4dter_Automobilfabrik" title="Markranstädter Automobilfabrik">Markranstädter Automobilfabrik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkus" title="Melkus">Melkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurer-Union" title="Maurer-Union">Maurer-Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neue_Automobil_Gesellschaft" title="Neue Automobil Gesellschaft">Neue Automobil Gesellschaft</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_German_Automobile_and_Engine" class="mw-redirect" title="North German Automobile and Engine">North German Automobile and Engine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NSU_Motorenwerke" title="NSU Motorenwerke">NSU</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protos_of_Nonnendamm" title="Protos of Nonnendamm">Protos of Nonnendamm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selve" title="Selve">Selve</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simson_(company)" title="Simson (company)">Simson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steiger_(automobile_company)" title="Steiger (automobile company)">Steiger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoewer" title="Stoewer">Stoewer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tempo_(automobile)" title="Tempo (automobile)">Tempo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veritas_(automobile)" title="Veritas (automobile)">Veritas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanderer_(car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Wanderer (car)">Wanderer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Z%C3%BCndapp" title="Zündapp">Zündapp</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Components</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ATR_(company)" title="ATR (company)">ATR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bosch_(company)" title="Bosch (company)">Bosch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ETAS_Group" class="mw-redirect" title="ETAS Group">ETAS Group</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continental_AG" title="Continental AG">Continental</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dr%C3%A4xlmaier_Group" title="Dräxlmaier Group">Dräxlmaier Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCrr_Group" title="Dürr Group">Dürr Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eibach_(company)" title="Eibach (company)">Eibach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Getrag" title="Getrag">Getrag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%26R_(company)" title="H&R (company)">H&R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hella_(company)" title="Hella (company)">Hella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hermann_Peters" title="Hermann Peters">Hermann Peters</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HQM_Sachsenring_GmbH" title="HQM Sachsenring GmbH">HQM Sachsenring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KW_Automotive" title="KW Automotive">KW</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%B6we_Automobil" title="Löwe Automobil">Löwe Automobil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahle_GmbH" title="Mahle GmbH">Mahle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahle_Behr" title="Mahle Behr">Mahle Behr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mann%2BHummel" title="Mann+Hummel">Mann+Hummel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petri_AG" title="Petri AG">Petri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renk" title="Renk">Renk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheinmetall_Automotive" title="Rheinmetall Automotive">Rheinmetall Automotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schaeffler_Group" title="Schaeffler Group">Schaeffler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voith" title="Voith">Voith</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ZF_Friedrichshafen" title="ZF Friedrichshafen">ZF Friedrichshafen</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ZF_Sachs" title="ZF Sachs">ZF Sachs</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Motorsport <br />and<br />tuners</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/9ff" title="9ff">9ff</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abt_Sportsline" title="Abt Sportsline">Abt Sportsline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AC_Schnitzer" title="AC Schnitzer">AC Schnitzer</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Schnitzer_Motorsport" title="Schnitzer Motorsport">Schnitzer Motorsport</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alpina" title="Alpina">Alpina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audi_Performance_and_Racing" title="Audi Performance and Racing">APR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audi_Sport_GmbH" title="Audi Sport GmbH">Audi Sport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-AMG" title="Mercedes-AMG">AMG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBS_Autotechnik" title="BBS Autotechnik">BBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bitter_Cars" class="mw-redirect" title="Bitter Cars">Bitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabus" title="Brabus">Brabus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BMW_M" title="BMW M">BMW M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlsson_(car_company)" title="Carlsson (car company)">Carlsson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dinan_Cars" title="Dinan Cars">Dinan Cars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G-Power" title="G-Power">G-Power</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gemballa" title="Gemballa">Gemballa</a></li> <li>Kleemann</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lorinser" title="Lorinser">Lorinser</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lotec" title="Lotec">Lotec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamann_Motorsport" title="Hamann Motorsport">Hamann Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hartge" title="Hartge">Hartge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hofele-Design" title="Hofele-Design">Hofele-Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HWA_Team" title="HWA Team">HWA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irmscher" title="Irmscher">Irmscher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joest_Racing" title="Joest Racing">Joest Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karosserie_Baur" title="Karosserie Baur">Karosserie Baur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koenig_Specials" title="Koenig Specials">Koenig Specials</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansory" title="Mansory">Mansory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melkus" title="Melkus">Melkus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK-Motorsport" title="MK-Motorsport">MK-Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motoren_Technik_Mayer" title="Motoren Technik Mayer">Motoren Technik Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novitec_Group" title="Novitec Group">Novitec Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opel_Performance_Center" title="Opel Performance Center">Opel Performance Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renntech" title="Renntech">Renntech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rieger_Tuning" title="Rieger Tuning">Rieger Tuning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rowe_Racing" title="Rowe Racing">Rowe Racing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruf_Automobile" title="Ruf Automobile">Ruf Automobile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schubert_Motorsport" title="Schubert Motorsport">Schubert Motorsport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singer_Vehicle_Design" title="Singer Vehicle Design">Singer Vehicle Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brabus" title="Brabus">Startech</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brabus" title="Brabus">CRD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steinmetz_Opel_Tuning" title="Steinmetz Opel Tuning">Steinmetz Opel Tuning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styling_Garage" title="Styling Garage">Styling Garage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Team_Rosberg" title="Team Rosberg">Team Rosberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TechArt" title="TechArt">TechArt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zakspeed" title="Zakspeed">Zakspeed</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Mobility" title="Mercedes-Benz Mobility">Mercedes-Benz Mobility</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mercedes-Benz_Bank" title="Mercedes-Benz Bank">Mercedes-Benz Bank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixt" title="Sixt">Sixt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;">Related topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Verband_der_Automobilindustrie" title="Verband der Automobilindustrie">German Association of the Automotive Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto_Mobil_International" title="Auto Mobil International">AMI Leipzig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Motor_Show" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Motor Show">Frankfurt Motor Show</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automechanika" title="Automechanika">Automechanika</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Internationale_Zuliefererb%C3%B6rse&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Internationale Zuliefererbörse (page does not exist)">IZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euro_NCAP" title="Euro NCAP">Euro NCAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ADAC" title="ADAC">ADAC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_Standardisation_of_Automation_and_Measuring_Systems" title="Association for Standardisation of Automation and Measuring Systems">ASAM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%9CV" title="TÜV">TÜV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Tourenwagen_Masters" title="Deutsche Tourenwagen Masters">DTM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BCrburgring" title="Nürburgring">Nürburgring</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35953#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1484" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35953#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata1484" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q35953#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000107908060">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/146059906">VIAF</a></span><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/150402696">2</a></span></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/16061747-9">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83010180">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Maschinenfabrik Augsburg-Nürnberg"><a 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