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class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Campaign reporting violation</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Campaign_reporting_violation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Staffing_controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Staffing_controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Staffing controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Staffing_controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Republican_National_Committee" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Republican_National_Committee"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Republican National Committee</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Republican_National_Committee-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Published_works" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Published_works"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Published works</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Published_works-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lobbying_Spanish_government_officials_on_behalf_of_United_States" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lobbying_Spanish_government_officials_on_behalf_of_United_States"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Lobbying Spanish government officials on behalf of United States</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lobbying_Spanish_government_officials_on_behalf_of_United_States-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Positions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Positions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Positions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Positions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electoral_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electoral_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Electoral history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electoral_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" 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Available in 23 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-23" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">23 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="ميل مارتينيز – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميل مارتينيز" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2" title="مل مارتینز – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مل مارتینز" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mel Martínez" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mel Martínez" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%B2" title="مل مارتینز – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مل مارتینز" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mel Martínez" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mel Martínez" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%9C_%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%96" title="מל מרטינז – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מל מרטינז" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%84_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%B2" title="ميل مارتينيز – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ميل مارتينيز" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81,_%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Мартинес, Мел – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мартинес, Мел" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez" title="Mel Martínez – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mel Martínez" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mel_Martinez" title="Mel Martinez – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mel Martinez" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%BB_%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%81" title="Мел Мартінес – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мел Мартінес" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%A2%85%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E9%A9%AC%E4%B8%81%E5%86%85%E6%96%AF" title="梅尔·马丁内斯 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="梅尔·马丁内斯" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q435010#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American politician (born 1946)</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the politician. For the Filipino actor, see <a href="/wiki/Mel_Martinez_(actor)" title="Mel Martinez (actor)">Mel Martinez (actor)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">In this <a href="/wiki/Spanish_name" class="mw-redirect" title="Spanish name">Spanish name</a>, the first or paternal <a href="/wiki/Surname" title="Surname">surname</a> is <i> Ruiz</i> and the second or maternal family name is <i> Martínez</i>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size: 100%;"><div class="fn" style="font-size:125%;">Mel Martínez</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Mel_Martinez.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Mel_Martinez.jpg/220px-Mel_Martinez.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Mel_Martinez.jpg/330px-Mel_Martinez.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Mel_Martinez.jpg/440px-Mel_Martinez.jpg 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="960" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senator</a><br />from <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 2005 – September 9, 2009</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_LeMieux" title="George LeMieux">George LeMieux</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">General Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 19, 2007 – October 19, 2007<br />Served with <a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Mike Duncan</a> (National Chair)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Mehlman" title="Ken Mehlman">Ken Mehlman</a> (chair)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Mike Duncan</a> (chair)</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">12th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 24, 2001 – August 13, 2004</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">President</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left">Deputy</th><td class="infobox-data">Alphonso Jackson</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson" title="Alphonso Jackson">Alphonso Jackson</a></td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender;line-height:normal;padding:0.2em;">2nd <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Orange_County,_Florida" title="Mayor of Orange County, Florida">Mayor of Orange County</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="border-bottom:none"><span class="nowrap"><b>In office</b></span><br />January 3, 1998 – January 3, 2001</td><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1257001546"></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Preceded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Linda_Chapin" title="Linda Chapin">Linda Chapin</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="text-align:left"><span class="nowrap">Succeeded by</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Richard_Crotty" class="mw-redirect" title="Richard Crotty">Richard Crotty</a></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><td colspan="2"> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="color: #202122; background:lavender">Personal details</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data"><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Melquíades Rafael Ruiz Martínez</div><br /><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday">1946-10-23</span>) </span>October 23, 1946<span class="noprint ForceAgeToShow"> (age 78)</span><br /><a href="/wiki/Sagua_La_Grande" title="Sagua La Grande">Sagua La Grande</a>, <a href="/wiki/Republic_of_Cuba_(1902-1959)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republic of Cuba (1902-1959)">Cuba</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Political party</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> (before 1979)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> (1979–present)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Kitty Martínez</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Education</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Junior_College" title="Orlando Junior College">Orlando Junior College</a> (<a href="/wiki/Associate_of_Arts" class="mw-redirect" title="Associate of Arts">AA</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/Florida_State_University" title="Florida State University">Florida State University</a> (<a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Arts" title="Bachelor of Arts">BA</a>, <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">JD</a>)</td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1096940132">.mw-parser-output .listen .side-box-text{line-height:1.1em}.mw-parser-output .listen-plain{border:none;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded{width:100%;margin:0;border-width:1px 0 0 0;background:transparent}.mw-parser-output .listen-header{padding:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen-embedded .listen-header{padding:2px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen-file-header{padding:4px 0}.mw-parser-output .listen .description{padding-top:2px}.mw-parser-output .listen .mw-tmh-player{max-width:100%}@media(max-width:719px){.mw-parser-output .listen{clear:both}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .listen:not(.listen-noimage){width:320px}.mw-parser-output .listen-left{overflow:visible;float:left}.mw-parser-output .listen-center{float:none;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-left listen noprint listen-embedded listen-noimage listen-center"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><div class="haudio"> <div class="listen-file-header"><a href="/wiki/File:Sen._Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez_on_the_Iraq_War.oga" title="File:Sen. Mel Martínez on the Iraq War.oga">Mel Martínez's voice</a></div> <div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><audio id="mwe_player_0" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="215" style="width:215px;" data-durationhint="316" data-mwtitle="Sen._Mel_Martínez_on_the_Iraq_War.oga" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/b/b6/Sen._Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez_on_the_Iraq_War.oga/Sen._Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez_on_the_Iraq_War.oga.mp3" type="audio/mpeg" data-transcodekey="mp3" data-width="0" data-height="0" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/b6/Sen._Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez_on_the_Iraq_War.oga" type="audio/ogg; codecs="vorbis"" data-width="0" data-height="0" /></audio></span></span></div> <div class="description">Mel Martínez on the <a href="/wiki/Iraq_War" title="Iraq War">Iraq War</a><br />Recorded May 2, 2006</div></div></div></div> </div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below" style="border-top: 1px solid right;"><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Melquíades Rafael Ruiz Martínez</b> (born October 23, 1946) is a <a href="/wiki/Cuban_Americans" title="Cuban Americans">Cuban-American</a> lobbyist and former politician who served as a <a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States senator</a> from <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> from 2005 to 2009 and as general chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> from November 2006 until October 19, 2007. Previously, Martínez served as the 12th <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a> under <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>. Martínez is a <a href="/wiki/Cuban_American" class="mw-redirect" title="Cuban American">Cuban-American</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a>. He announced he was resigning as general chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a> on October 19, 2007.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Martínez resigned his <a href="/wiki/United_States_Cabinet" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Cabinet">United States Cabinet</a> post on August 12, 2004, to run for the open U.S. Senate seat in Florida being vacated by retiring <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a>. Martínez secured the Republican nomination and narrowly defeated the Democratic nominee, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Castor" title="Betty Castor">Betty Castor</a>. His election made him the first Cuban-American to serve in the U.S. Senate. On December 2, 2008, Martínez announced he would not be running for re-election to the Senate in 2010. </p><p>On August 7, 2009, <i><a href="/wiki/CNN" title="CNN">CNN</a></i> and the <i><a href="/wiki/Orlando_Sentinel" title="Orlando Sentinel">Orlando Sentinel</a></i> reported that Martínez would be resigning from his Senate seat.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that month, Governor <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Crist" title="Charlie Crist">Charlie Crist</a> announced that he would appoint <a href="/wiki/George_LeMieux" title="George LeMieux">George LeMieux</a> as the successor to Martínez for the remaining year and a half of the Senate term.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Two weeks after Martínez resigned his Senate seat, <i>The Hill</i> reported that he would become a <a href="/wiki/Lobbyist" class="mw-redirect" title="Lobbyist">lobbyist</a> and partner at international firm <a href="/wiki/DLA_Piper" title="DLA Piper">DLA Piper</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He left DLA Piper in August 2010 to become chairman of <a href="/wiki/Chase_Bank" title="Chase Bank">Chase Bank</a> Florida and its operations in Mexico, Central America and the Caribbean.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Martinez is currently chairman of the Southeast and Latin America for JPMorgan, Chase & Co.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Martínez also serves as a co-chair of the Housing Commission at the <a href="/wiki/Bipartisan_Policy_Center" title="Bipartisan Policy Center">Bipartisan Policy Center</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Martínez was born in <a href="/wiki/Sagua_La_Grande" title="Sagua La Grande">Sagua La Grande</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, the son of Gladys V. (Ruíz) and Melquíades C. Martínez.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He came to the United States in 1962 as part of a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Church" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholic Church">Roman Catholic</a> <a href="/wiki/Humanitarian" class="mw-redirect" title="Humanitarian">humanitarian</a> effort called <a href="/wiki/Operation_Peter_Pan" title="Operation Peter Pan">Operation Peter Pan</a>, which brought into the U.S. more than 14,000 children. Catholic charitable groups provided Martinez a temporary home at two youth facilities. At the time Martínez was alone and spoke virtually no <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>. He graduated from <a href="/wiki/Bishop_Moore_High_School" class="mw-redirect" title="Bishop Moore High School">Bishop Moore High School</a> in 1964. He subsequently lived with two <a href="/wiki/Foster_care" title="Foster care">foster</a> families, and in 1966 was reunited with his family in <a href="/wiki/Orlando,_Florida" title="Orlando, Florida">Orlando</a>. </p><p>Martínez received an associate degree from <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Junior_College" title="Orlando Junior College">Orlando Junior College</a> in 1967, a bachelor's degree in international affairs from <a href="/wiki/Florida_State_University" title="Florida State University">Florida State University</a>, and his <a href="/wiki/Juris_Doctor" title="Juris Doctor">Juris Doctor</a> degree from <a href="/wiki/Florida_State_University_College_of_Law" title="Florida State University College of Law">Florida State University College of Law</a> in 1973. He began his legal career working at the Orlando personal injury law firm Wooten Kimbrough,<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where he became a partner and worked for more than a decade. During his 25 years of law practice in Orlando, he was involved in various civic organizations. He served as vice-president of the board of <a href="/wiki/Catholic_Charities" class="mw-redirect" title="Catholic Charities">Catholic Charities</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Diocese_of_Orlando" title="Roman Catholic Diocese of Orlando">Orlando Diocese</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_political_career">Early political career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Early political career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mel_Martinez_and_George_W._Bush_2002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/Mel_Martinez_and_George_W._Bush_2002.jpg/300px-Mel_Martinez_and_George_W._Bush_2002.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="199" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/9/94/Mel_Martinez_and_George_W._Bush_2002.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="394" data-file-height="261" /></a><figcaption>Senator Mel Martínez chats with U.S. President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> in the Center Hall of the <a href="/wiki/White_House" title="White House">White House</a> during a celebration of <a href="/wiki/Cinco_de_Mayo" title="Cinco de Mayo">Cinco de Mayo</a>. The official portrait of former First Lady <a href="/wiki/Betty_Ford" title="Betty Ford">Betty Ford</a> can be seen on the wall.</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1994, Martínez ran for <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_Governor_of_Florida" title="Lieutenant Governor of Florida">Lieutenant Governor of Florida</a>. He teamed up with future <a href="/wiki/Family_Research_Council" title="Family Research Council">Family Research Council</a> President Ken Connor, the gubernatorial candidate. The Connor/Martínez ticket was defeated in the Republican <a href="/wiki/Partisan_primary" class="mw-redirect" title="Partisan primary">primary</a>, finishing fifth with 83,945 votes, or 9.31% of the vote. </p><p>On November 3, 1998, Martínez was elected <a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_Florida" title="Orange County, Florida">Orange County</a> Chairman (during Martínez's tenure the position was relabeled mayor). While in office, Martínez implemented what became known as the "Martínez doctrine" which prohibits development from taking place unless adequate public infrastructure, specifically school capacity, is able to support such development. The doctrine was challenged in court, but its legality was upheld when the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Supreme Court">Florida Supreme Court</a> declined to hear an appeal to a lower court's ruling.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Martínez served as mayor through the end of 2000. </p><p>Before becoming <a href="/wiki/United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Department of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of HUD</a>, Martínez served on the Governor's Growth Management Study Commission. He previously served as president of the <a href="/wiki/Orlando_Utilities_Commission" title="Orlando Utilities Commission">Orlando Utilities Commission</a>, on the board of directors of a community bank, and as chairman of the Orlando Housing Authority. </p><p>Serving as co-chairman of then-Texas Gov. <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a>'s <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 2000">2000 presidential election campaign</a> in <a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a>, Martínez was a leading fundraiser. He was one of the 25 <a href="/wiki/U.S._Electoral_College" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Electoral College">electors</a> from Florida, who voted for Bush in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._presidential_election,_2000" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. presidential election, 2000">2000 election</a>. While serving as HUD Secretary, Martínez sat as an <a href="/wiki/Ex_officio" class="mw-redirect" title="Ex officio">ex officio</a> member of the <a href="/wiki/President%27s_Advisory_Commission_on_Educational_Excellence_for_Hispanic_Americans" class="mw-redirect" title="President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans">President's Advisory Commission on Educational Excellence for Hispanic Americans</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-BLP_one_source plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-BLP_one_source" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Biographies_of_living_persons" title="Wikipedia:Biographies of living persons">biography of a living person</a> <b>relies on a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Articles_with_a_single_source" title="Wikipedia:Articles with a single source">single source</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> You can help by adding reliable sources to this article. Contentious material about living people that is unsourced or poorly sourced <b>must be removed immediately</b>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Mel Martínez and his wife Kitty have three children and five grandchildren.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He is the brother of <a href="/wiki/Rafael_E._Martinez" title="Rafael E. Martinez">Rafael E. Martínez</a>. Mel Martínez resides in Orlando. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="U.S._Senate_election,_2004"><span id="U.S._Senate_election.2C_2004"></span>U.S. Senate election, 2004</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: U.S. Senate election, 2004"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2004, Martínez was the Republican nominee in the <a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="2004 United States Senate election in Florida">U.S. Senate election</a> to replace retiring Democrat <a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a>. Much of Martínez's support came from Washington: he was endorsed early by many prominent Republican groups, and publicly supported by key national Republican figures such as Senate Majority Leader <a href="/wiki/Bill_Frist" title="Bill Frist">Bill Frist</a>. His Cuban background and his popularity in the battleground Orlando, Florida, region both contributed to his appeal to the statewide GOP in Florida. But Internet magazine <a href="/wiki/Salon.com" title="Salon.com">Salon</a> reported that Martínez wanted to run for governor in 2006, though the GOP convinced him to run for the Senate two years earlier instead. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Primary">Primary</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Primary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Martínez's nomination by the Republican Party was far from certain. He was seriously challenged by former Congressman <a href="/wiki/Bill_McCollum" title="Bill McCollum">Bill McCollum</a>. McCollum criticized Martínez's background as a plaintiff's attorney, and many Republicans initially feared that Martínez's nomination would destroy the GOP's ability to criticize Democratic vice presidential nominee <a href="/wiki/John_Edwards" title="John Edwards">John Edwards</a>' background. Martínez was also said to be soft on <a href="/wiki/Tort_reform" title="Tort reform">tort reform</a>, a major Republican issue in the 2004 race. </p><p>After a McCollum surge in the final weeks leading up to the primary, Martínez fought back in the last week of the race, putting out mass mailings and television ads that called McCollum "the new darling of homosexual extremists," pointing out that McCollum had sponsored hate crimes legislation while a member of the House of Representatives. Martínez pulled some of the more offensive ads from the air after a personal appeal from <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Florida" class="mw-redirect" title="Governor of Florida">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/Jeb_Bush" title="Jeb Bush">Jeb Bush</a>, but never disavowed them. The <i><a href="/wiki/St._Petersburg_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Petersburg Times">St. Petersburg Times</a></i> took the extraordinary step of revoking its endorsement of Martínez in the Republican primary and endorsing McCollum.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Election_Results,_U.S._Senate_Florida_Primary,_2004" class="mw-redirect" title="Election Results, U.S. Senate Florida Primary, 2004">Republican primary</a> on August 31, Martínez won a decisive victory over McCollum (45 to 31 percent). Shortly afterward, he spoke alongside President Bush at the <a href="/wiki/2004_Republican_National_Convention" title="2004 Republican National Convention">2004 Republican National Convention</a> on September 2. </p><p>During part of his tenure in the Senate, Martínez sat at the <a href="/wiki/Candy_desk" class="mw-redirect" title="Candy desk">Candy desk</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_election">General election</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: General election"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Martínez defeated his Democratic opponent, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Castor" title="Betty Castor">Betty Castor</a>, in a very close election that was preceded by numerous negative television ads from both campaigns. Martínez's margin of victory was small enough that a winner was not declared until Castor conceded the day after the election. </p><p>Twelve of Martinez's 25 stops on taxpayer-funded domestic trips as Secretary of Housing and Urban Development in 2003 were to Florida cities, at the same time that he was also campaigning for Senate in Florida.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>President Bush won in Florida by 52%-47%,<sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but Martínez only won 49.5%-48.4%,<sup id="cite_ref-washingtonpost.com_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-washingtonpost.com-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-clerk.house.gov_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clerk.house.gov-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with a margin of about 70,000 votes. Martínez did much worse than Bush in the Tampa area, such as in <a href="/wiki/Hillsborough_County,_Florida" title="Hillsborough County, Florida">Hillsborough</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Pinellas_County" class="mw-redirect" title="Pinellas County">Pinellas</a> counties, and in smaller counties such as Liberty and Lafayette. The only counties that Martínez won that Bush did not were Orange and <a href="/wiki/Miami-Dade" class="mw-redirect" title="Miami-Dade">Miami-Dade</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Campaign_reporting_violation">Campaign reporting violation</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Campaign reporting violation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2006, the Martínez campaign acknowledged that the 2004 campaign had been under review by the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a> for more than a year. Following the 2004 election, Martínez originally reported that his $12-million campaign had about $115,000 in debt, according to FEC documents. But a revision showed his campaign instead owed $685,000 in election expenses. The campaign spent about $300,000 in accounting and attorney's fees related to the 2004 campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On October 28, 2008, Republican Sen. Mel Martínez agreed to pay $99,000 in fines for his campaign's failure to comply with federal election laws, including its acceptance of excess contributions, records show. An FEC audit found Martínez's campaign accepted a total of $313,235 in contributions that exceeded limits from 186 donors. The fine was agreed to by the FEC on Sep 10 and was posted a month later in its database. </p><p>The organization <a href="/wiki/Citizens_for_Responsibility_and_Ethics_in_Washington" title="Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington">Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Washington</a> (CREW) filed a complaint with the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Elections_Commission" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Elections Commission">Federal Elections Commission</a> (FEC) in August 2006 that alleged Martínez illegally accepted more than $60,000 from the <a href="/wiki/Bacardi" title="Bacardi">Bacardi</a> beverage company in the campaign. CREW alleged Bacardi violated the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Campaign_Act" title="Federal Election Campaign Act">Federal Election Campaign Act</a> (FECA) and FEC regulations by soliciting contributions from a list of the corporation's vendors for these campaigns, and by using corporate funds to pay for food and beverages at campaign events held in the company's corporate headquarters on May 11, 2004. An amended complaint by CREW in October 2006 alleged similar behavior by Bacardi for Democratic Senator <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson_(politician)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bill Nelson (politician)">Bill Nelson</a>'s 2006 re-election campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In April 2007, the FEC notified CREW it had reviewed the allegations against Bacardi, the Martínez campaign and the Nelson campaign, found no reason to believe any of the alleged violations occurred, and closed the matter.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Staffing_controversies">Staffing controversies</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Staffing controversies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On April 6, 2005, Martínez accepted the resignation of his legal counsel, <a href="/wiki/Brian_Darling" title="Brian Darling">Brian Darling</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who was responsible for writing and circulating the <a href="/wiki/Schiavo_memo" class="mw-redirect" title="Schiavo memo">Schiavo memo</a> related to the Terry Schiavo case. </p><p>Martínez immediately denied all knowledge of Darling's involvement in the situation, noting that he himself had inadvertently passed a copy of the memo to <a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(United_States)" title="Democratic Party (United States)">Democratic</a> Senator <a href="/wiki/Tom_Harkin" title="Tom Harkin">Tom Harkin</a> of <a href="/wiki/Iowa" title="Iowa">Iowa</a>, believing that it was nothing more than an outline of the Republican proposal. Martínez asserted that the memo "was intended to be a working draft," stating that Darling "doesn't really know how I got it." </p><p>The Schiavo memo is the third incident in which Martínez accepted broad responsibility while laying blame upon a staffer for the underlying deed. During the Republican primary, a staffer was blamed for a passage in a campaign flyer painting his opponent <a href="/wiki/Bill_McCollum" title="Bill McCollum">Bill McCollum</a> as a servant of the "radical homosexual lobby." Shortly thereafter another staffer was blamed for labeling federal agents involved in the <a href="/wiki/Eli%C3%A1n_Gonz%C3%A1lez" title="Elián González">Elián González</a> affair as "armed thugs."<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In spite of Martínez's vocal objections to homosexual issues such as gay marriage, he employed two gay men in his 2004 Senate campaign.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Republican_National_Committee">Republican National Committee</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Republican National Committee"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In November 2006, Martínez was named general chairman of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican Party</a> for the 2007–2008 election cycle (<a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Mike Duncan</a> handled the day-to-day operations). Some felt the choice was made in part due to the dip in support for Republicans among Latino voters in the 2006 midterm elections.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some conservatives objected to Martínez's selection, citing his positions on immigration and their general lack of enthusiasm for his performance as senator. Martínez stepped down from this position on October 19, 2007. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Published_works">Published works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Published works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In August 2008, Martínez released an autobiography titled <i>A Sense of Belonging; From Castro's Cuba to the U.S. Senate, One Man's Pursuit of the American Dream</i>. The book was written by Martínez with Ed Breslin (Crown Publishing, August 2008) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-307-40540-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-307-40540-1">978-0-307-40540-1</a>. </p><p>The book <i>Immigrant Prince</i> is a biography about Martínez written by Richard E. Foglesong, the George and Harriet Cornell Professor of Politics at Rollins College (University Press of Florida, April 2011) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0813035796" title="Special:BookSources/978-0813035796">978-0813035796</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lobbying_Spanish_government_officials_on_behalf_of_United_States">Lobbying Spanish government officials on behalf of United States</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Lobbying Spanish government officials on behalf of United States"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/The_Bush_Six" class="mw-redirect" title="The Bush Six">The Bush Six</a></div> <p>Three months into <a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a>'s presidential term, the administration tapped Senator Mel Martínez to deliver a private message to Spanish government officials in order to thwart a probe into former Bush administration officials for rendition and torture of Guantanamo detainees which the U.S. was failing to investigate. According to <a href="/wiki/Carol_Rosenberg" title="Carol Rosenberg">Carol Rosenberg</a>, "The cause for alarm at the U.S. Embassy was what a U.S. diplomat called a 'well documented' 12-inch-tall dossier compiled by a Spanish human rights group. In the name of five Guantánamo captives with ties to Spain, it accused the Bush legal insiders of laying the foundation for abuse of detainees in the months following the September 11, 2001, attacks.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The six accused are: former Attorney General <a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Alberto Gonzales</a>; <a href="/wiki/David_Addington" title="David Addington">David Addington</a>, former chief of staff and legal adviser to the Vice President; <a href="/wiki/William_J._Haynes,_II" class="mw-redirect" title="William J. Haynes, II">William Haynes</a>, former DOD General Counsel; <a href="/wiki/Douglas_Feith" title="Douglas Feith">Douglas Feith</a>, former Under Secretary of Defense for Policy; <a href="/wiki/Jay_Bybee" title="Jay Bybee">Jay Bybee</a>, former head of the DOJ Office of Legal Counsel; and <a href="/wiki/John_Yoo" title="John Yoo">John Yoo</a>, a former member of Bybee's staff. </p><p>On April 15, 2009, Martínez met with Acting Foreign Minister Angel Losada on a visit to the Spanish foreign ministry, where he warned that an investigation would have consequences, and "that prosecutions would not be understood or accepted in the U.S. and would have an enormous impact on the bilateral relationship." Lossada told Martínez that he understood the complications but "the independence of the judiciary and the process must be respected", and "that the executive branch of government could not close any judicial investigation and urged that this case does not affect the overall relationship, adding that our interests were much broader, and that the universal jurisdiction case should not be viewed as a reflection of the Spanish Government's position." </p><p>Following the outreach, the Spanish Attorney General <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ndido_Conde-Pumpido" title="Cándido Conde-Pumpido">Cándido Conde-Pumpido</a>'s press chief told the media that the Prosecutor's office will deliver the AG's recommendation to the National Court, where it will be up to investigating judge <a href="/wiki/Baltasar_Garzon" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltasar Garzon">Baltasar Garzon</a> to decide whether to pursue the case or not. <a href="/wiki/Baltasar_Garzon" class="mw-redirect" title="Baltasar Garzon">Baltasar Garzon</a> has been an outspoken critic of the <a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detention_camp" title="Guantanamo Bay detention camp">Guantanamo Bay detention facility</a> and has publicly stated that former President <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> should be tried for war crimes.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (June 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>In April 2010, on the advice of the Spanish Attorney General <a href="/wiki/C%C3%A1ndido_Conde-Pumpido" title="Cándido Conde-Pumpido">Cándido Conde-Pumpido</a>, who believes that an American tribunal should judge the case (or dismiss it) before a Spanish Court ever thinks about becoming involved, prosecutors recommended that Judge Garzon should drop his investigation. As CNN reported, Mr. Conde-Pumpido told reporters that Judge Garzon's plan threatened to turn the court "into a toy in the hands of people who are trying to do a political action." </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Positions">Positions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Positions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abortion" title="Abortion">Abortion</a>: Rated 100% by <a href="/wiki/National_Right_to_Life_Committee" title="National Right to Life Committee">National Right to Life Committee</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which indicates an <a href="/wiki/Anti-abortion" class="mw-redirect" title="Anti-abortion">anti-abortion</a> stance. Morally opposed to abortion even in case of rape or incest, he supports education to reduce abortions, and supports the promotion of alternatives such as adoption. His position on the legality of abortion is unclear, but he has indicated that he would not vote for prosecuting involved parties even in the event of a reversal of <i><a href="/wiki/Roe_v._Wade" title="Roe v. Wade">Roe v. Wade</a></i>. In a debate moderated by <a href="/wiki/Tim_Russert" title="Tim Russert">Tim Russert</a>, Martínez stated:</li></ul> <blockquote><p>"The bottom line is I don't plan on prosecuting anyone. When I go to the United States Senate, I'm going to be confirming judges who will go to the courts, and the courts will deal with the issue. This is not up for a vote by the United States Senate." He added, "We're far from prosecuting people in this country over that issue"<sup id="cite_ref-2004debate_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2004debate-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Economic_system" title="Economic system">Economy</a>: Supports free trade generally; supports tax cuts; advocates lowering regulation of employers and reducing liability insurance burdens.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">Education</a>: Supports <a href="/wiki/No_Child_Left_Behind_Act" title="No Child Left Behind Act">No Child Left Behind Act</a>; advocates more standardized testing; supports <a href="/wiki/School_voucher" title="School voucher">school voucher</a> programs; supports English-only education.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Immigration" title="Immigration">Immigration</a>: In his 2004 campaign, Martínez said "Our immigration policy should first and foremost ensure the security of our great Nation and those individuals posing a terrorist threat should be prevented from entering our country. I strongly oppose amnesty for illegal aliens; our immigration laws should not reward lawlessness" and "I oppose amnesty for illegal aliens. I support a plan that matches workers with needy employers without providing a path to citizenship. Immigration to this country must always be done through legal means" In a 2006 after election platform reversal, he helped craft the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Immigration_Reform_Act_of_2006" title="Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2006">Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2006</a> that would be referred to by much of his own party as "amnesty". (See <sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On June 28, 2007, he would later vote for the <a href="/wiki/Comprehensive_Immigration_Reform_Act_of_2007" title="Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007">Comprehensive Immigration Reform Act of 2007</a> – which he helped form with other Senate leaders – that would allow many illegal immigrants to become citizens. The bill was defeated through being denied cloture on the Senate floor.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">Environment</a>: Supports funding state conservation preservation funding without raising taxes; supports opening up maximum amount of Forest Services federal land for hunting and shooting sports; supports "voluntary incentives" legislation to make it easier for private landowners to set aside land for hunting, shooting, and conservation purposes.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreign_policy" title="Foreign policy">Foreign policy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>: Critical of Cuba's human rights record; supports tightening travel and strengthening the economic and trade blockade against Cuba; supports U.S. government funding of persons in Cuba who are opposed to current Cuban government; opposes foreign aid to countries that oppose U.S. policies; Advocates closure of <a href="/wiki/Guantanamo_Bay_detainment_camp" class="mw-redirect" title="Guantanamo Bay detainment camp">Guantanamo Bay detainment camp</a> Senator Martínez is also a member of the <a href="/wiki/Congressional_Cuba_Democracy_Caucus" title="Congressional Cuba Democracy Caucus">Congressional Cuba Democracy Caucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a>: Supports the <a href="/wiki/Bush_Doctrine" title="Bush Doctrine">Bush Doctrine</a>, but has asserted that the U.S. erred in hastily dismantling the Iraqi Army.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a>: Supports Israeli self-determination; supports close ties between U.S. and Israel</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Health_care" title="Health care">Health care</a>: Supports private <a href="/wiki/Medicare_(United_States)" title="Medicare (United States)">Medicare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Social_Security_(United_States)" title="Social Security (United States)">Social Security</a> accounts for new workers; advocates more thorough investigations of Medicare fraud; supports reimportation of drugs from <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2004debate_27-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2004debate-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeland_security" title="Homeland security">Homeland security</a>: Opposes base closures in Florida; advocates maintaining "the strongest military in the world." Even to the point of spending additional funds to keep <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Hazard_Perry_class_frigate" class="mw-redirect" title="Oliver Hazard Perry class frigate">Oliver Hazard Perry class frigates</a> in service even after they have lost their air defense missile capabilities.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religion" title="Religion">Religion</a>: Supports free exercise of religion; opposes "removing all public displays of religious devotion" from society.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">Same-sex marriage</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gay_rights" class="mw-redirect" title="Gay rights">gay rights</a>: Supported an amendment to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a> to ban <a href="/wiki/Same-sex_marriage" title="Same-sex marriage">same-sex marriage</a>. In June 2006, he was quoted on the matter regarding not amending the Constitution, thus leaving each State to come up with its own laws, "It isn't good enough to say, 'Leave it up to the states.' ... If we leave it up to the states, we will see the erosion of marriage that we've seen by activist courts, which we otherwise will not see if we protect the institution of marriage at the federal level". He opposed legislation that would prevent employers from firing gays and has declined to endorse anti hate crimes legislation. In 2006, Kansas U.S. Senator <a href="/wiki/Sam_Brownback" title="Sam Brownback">Sam Brownback</a> blocked a confirmation vote on a <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> federal appeals court nominee from Michigan, judge <a href="/wiki/Janet_T._Neff" title="Janet T. Neff">Janet T. Neff</a>, objecting to her joining the bench solely for her having attended a same-sex commitment ceremony in Massachusetts in 2002 which involved a next door neighbor who was a close childhood friend of Neff's daughters.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2007, he finally lifted his block that had prevented the vote, and Brownback was joined in opposition by just three other conservatives, including Senator Martinez.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senior_Citizens" class="mw-redirect" title="Senior Citizens">Senior Citizens</a>: Lead sponsor of legislation to create a nationwide <a href="/wiki/Silver_Alert" title="Silver Alert">Silver Alert</a> program to help locate missing seniors.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S._Supreme_Court" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Supreme Court">U.S. Supreme Court nominations</a>: Has voted in favor of all three nominees who were nominated during his Senate tenure: <a href="/wiki/John_G._Roberts" class="mw-redirect" title="John G. Roberts">John Roberts</a> (2005), <a href="/wiki/Samuel_Alito" title="Samuel Alito">Samuel Alito</a> (2006), and <a href="/wiki/Sonia_Sotomayor" title="Sonia Sotomayor">Sonia Sotomayor</a> (2009).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welfare_(financial_aid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Welfare (financial aid)">Welfare</a>: Supports Republican-style welfare reforms encouraging personal responsibility; supports programs for job training and retraining.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_housing" title="Public housing">Public housing</a>: Supports providing housing for peoples of a needy situation: physically, mentally, as well as financially. When secretary of the Department of Housing and Urban Development, Senator Martínez played a large part in the construction of housing and continued to do so as a junior senator.</li></ul> <p>On January 25, 2008, Martínez endorsed Sen. <a href="/wiki/John_McCain" title="John McCain">John McCain</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Florida_Republican_primary,_2008" class="mw-redirect" title="Florida Republican primary, 2008">Florida Republican primary</a> of the <a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_presidential_election" title="2008 United States presidential election">2008 presidential election</a>, citing McCain's understanding of national security and economic and foreign policy.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> McCain subsequently won the primary. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Electoral_history">Electoral history</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Electoral history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <sup id="cite_ref-clerk.house.gov_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clerk.house.gov-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><table class="wikitable plainrowheaders"> <caption><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="2004 United States Senate election in Florida">2004 United States Senate election in Florida</a> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col" colspan="2" style="width: 130px">Party </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 17em">Candidate </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 5em">Votes </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em">% </th> <th scope="col" style="width: 3.5em"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Change in percentage value since previous election">±%</span> </th></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="color:inherit;background-color:#E81B23; width:5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width:130px"><b><a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Republican Party (US)">Republican</a></b> </td> <td class="fn"><b>Mel Martínez </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>3,672,864 </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b>49.5% </b> </td> <td style="text-align:right; margin-right:0.5em"><b> </b> </td></tr> <tr class="vcard"> <td style="background-color: #3333FF; width: 5px;"> </td> <td class="org" style="width: 130px"><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Party_(US)" class="mw-redirect" title="Democratic Party (US)">Democratic</a> </td> <td class="fn"><a href="/wiki/Betty_Castor" title="Betty Castor">Betty Castor</a> </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">3,590,201 </td> <td style="text-align: right; margin-right: 0.5em">48.4% </td> <td style="color: #2C2C2C; vertical-align: middle; font-size: smaller; text-align: center;" class="table-na"> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_foreign-born_United_States_Cabinet_members" title="List of foreign-born United States Cabinet members">List of foreign-born United States Cabinet members</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Hispanic_and_Latino_Americans_in_the_United_States_Congress" title="List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress">List of Hispanic and Latino Americans in the United States Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_born_outside_the_United_States" title="List of United States senators born outside the United States">List of United States senators born outside the United States</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mel-martinez/gIQAb93RMP_print.html">"Mel Martinez"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a></i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190927160116/https://www.washingtonpost.com/politics/mel-martinez/gIQAb93RMP_print.html">Archived</a> from the original on September 27, 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Post&rft.atitle=Mel+Martinez&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.washingtonpost.com%2Fpolitics%2Fmel-martinez%2FgIQAb93RMP_print.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2007-10-19-martinez-rnc_N.htm">Sen. Martínez quits as RNC chairman</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091008042617/http://www.usatoday.com/news/politics/2007-10-19-martinez-rnc_N.htm">Archived</a> October 8, 2009, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> from <a href="/wiki/USA_Today" title="USA Today">USA Today</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171216034546/http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/08/07/florida-senator-to-resign-seat/">"First on the CNN Ticker: Florida senator to resign seat"</a>. <i>CNN</i>. August 7, 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://politicalticker.blogs.cnn.com/2009/08/07/florida-senator-to-resign-seat/">the original</a> on December 16, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Republicans+Poised+to+Tap+Mart%C3%ADnez+to+Shape+Message+in+Advance+of+2008+Race&rft.date=2006-11-14&rft.aulast=Kady&rft.aufirst=Martin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2Fcq%2F2006%2F11%2F14%2Fcq_1937.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCarol_Rosenburg" class="citation web cs1">Carol Rosenburg. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.miamiherald.com/2010/12/25/1988286/wikileaks-how-us-tried-to-stop.html">"WikiLeaks: How U.S. tried to stop Spain's torture probe"</a>. Miami Herald.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=WikiLeaks%3A+How+U.S.+tried+to+stop+Spain%27s+torture+probe&rft.pub=Miami+Herald&rft.au=Carol+Rosenburg&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.miamiherald.com%2F2010%2F12%2F25%2F1988286%2Fwikileaks-how-us-tried-to-stop.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ontheissues.org/Social/Mel_Martinez_Abortion.htm">"Mel Martinez on Abortion"</a>. Ontheissues.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Mel+Martinez+on+Abortion&rft.pub=Ontheissues.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ontheissues.org%2FSocial%2FMel_Martinez_Abortion.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2004debate-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2004debate_27-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2004debate_27-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050404114042/http://tbo.com/election/101804debate.htm">"Florida Senatorial Debate: Unedited Realtime Captioning"</a>. <i>Americaption, Inc</i>. October 18, 2004. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tbo.com/election/101804debate.htm">the original</a> on April 4, 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Americaption%2C+Inc.&rft.atitle=Florida+Senatorial+Debate%3A+Unedited+Realtime+Captioning&rft.date=2004-10-18&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftbo.com%2Felection%2F101804debate.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://polipundit.com/images/Mel%20Martinez%20for%20Senate%20File%20Cache%20Illegal%20Immigration.pdf">[2]</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070615193456/http://polipundit.com/images/Mel%20Martinez%20for%20Senate%20File%20Cache%20Illegal%20Immigration.pdf">Archived</a> June 15, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMel_Martinez2009" class="citation web cs1">Mel Martinez (June 7, 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.politico.com/news/stories/0609/23401.html">"Shipbuilding a national imperative"</a>. Politico.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 3,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Shipbuilding+a+national+imperative&rft.pub=Politico.com&rft.date=2009-06-07&rft.au=Mel+Martinez&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.politico.com%2Fnews%2Fstories%2F0609%2F23401.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/19/washington/19judge.html">Senator Removes His Block on Federal Court Nominee</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222220258/http://www.nytimes.com/2006/12/19/washington/19judge.html">Archived</a> December 22, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i>, Neil A. Lewis, December 19, 2006. Retrieved December 22, 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=110&session=1&vote=00240">110th Congress, roll call vote 240</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171222220216/https://www.senate.gov/legislative/LIS/roll_call_lists/roll_call_vote_cfm.cfm?congress=110&session=1&vote=00240">Archived</a> December 22, 2017, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">United States Senate</a></i>, July 9, 2007. Retrieved December 22, 2017.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation pressrelease cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080130010033/http://www.johnmccain.com/Informing/News/PressReleases/00d54849-740d-4667-a186-0dd4a888cf66.htm">"Senator Mel Martínez Endorses John McCain For President"</a>. <i>John McCain for President</i> (Press release). January 25, 2008. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://johnmccain.com/Informing/News/PressReleases/00d54849-740d-4667-a186-0dd4a888cf66.htm">the original</a> on January 30, 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Senator+Mel+Mart%C3%ADnez+Endorses+John+McCain+For+President&rft.date=2008-01-25&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjohnmccain.com%2FInforming%2FNews%2FPressReleases%2F00d54849-740d-4667-a186-0dd4a888cf66.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMel+Mart%C3%ADnez" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mel_Mart%C3%ADnez&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mel_Martinez" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mel Martinez"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Mel Martinez</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=m001162">Biography</a> at the <i><a href="/wiki/Biographical_Directory_of_the_United_States_Congress" title="Biographical Directory of the United States Congress">Biographical Directory of the United States Congress</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fec.gov/data/candidate/S4FL00298">Financial information (federal office)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Election_Commission" title="Federal Election Commission">Federal Election Commission</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.c-span.org/person/?54799">Appearances</a> on <a href="/wiki/C-SPAN" title="C-SPAN">C-SPAN</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070501140318/http://www.gop.com/About/Bio.aspx?id=5">Republican Party General Chairman Senator Mel Martínez</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/people/m/melquiades_rafael_martinez/index.html">New York Times – Melquíades Rafael Martínez News</a> collected news and commentary</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070218071503/http://www.sourcewatch.org/index.php?title=Mel_Martinez">Profile</a> at <a href="/wiki/SourceWatch" class="mw-redirect" title="SourceWatch">SourceWatch</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ccccff;">Political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Andrew Cuomo</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a> </b><br />2001–2003 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson" title="Alphonso Jackson">Alphonso Jackson</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #FFBF00;">Party political offices </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Charlie_Crist" title="Charlie Crist">Charlie Crist</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Republican_Party_(United_States)" title="Republican Party (United States)">Republican</a> nominee for <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">U.S. Senator from Florida</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Classes_of_United_States_senators" title="Classes of United States senators">Class 3</a>) </b><br /><a href="/wiki/2004_United_States_Senate_election_in_Florida" title="2004 United States Senate election in Florida">2004</a> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Marco Rubio</a></div> </td></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Mehlman" title="Ken Mehlman">Ken Mehlman</a></div><i><b>as Chair of the Republican National Committee </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> General Chair of the <a href="/wiki/Republican_National_Committee" title="Republican National Committee">Republican National Committee</a> </b><br />2007 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Mike Duncan</a> (National Chair)</b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Mike_Duncan" title="Mike Duncan">Mike Duncan</a></div><i><b>as Chair of the Republican National Committee </b></i> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cccccc"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate" title="United States Senate">U.S. Senate</a> </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Bob Graham</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_senators_from_Florida" title="List of United States senators from Florida">U.S. Senator (Class 3) from Florida</a> </b><br />2005–2009 <br />Served alongside: <b><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson" title="Bill Nelson">Bill Nelson</a></b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/George_LeMieux" title="George LeMieux">George LeMieux</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #cfc;"><a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">U.S. order of precedence</a> (ceremonial) </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Principi" title="Anthony Principi">Anthony Principi</a></div><i><b>as Former US Cabinet Member </b></i> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/United_States_order_of_precedence" title="United States order of precedence">Order of precedence of the United States</a><br /><i><span style="font-size:85%;">as Former US Cabinet Member</span></i> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a></div><i><b>as Former US Cabinet Member </b></i> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output 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style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/David_Levy_Yulee" title="David Levy Yulee">Yulee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Mallory" title="Stephen Mallory">Mallory Sr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adonijah_Welch" title="Adonijah Welch">Welch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abijah_Gilbert" title="Abijah Gilbert">Gilbert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_W._Jones" title="Charles W. Jones">Jones</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pasco" title="Samuel Pasco">Pasco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Taliaferro" title="James Taliaferro">Taliaferro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nathan_P._Bryan" title="Nathan P. Bryan">N. Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_Trammell" title="Park Trammell">Trammell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scott_Loftin" title="Scott Loftin">Loftin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_O._Andrews" title="Charles O. Andrews">Andrews</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spessard_Holland" title="Spessard Holland">Holland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lawton_Chiles" title="Lawton Chiles">Chiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Connie_Mack_III" title="Connie Mack III">Mack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bill_Nelson" title="Bill Nelson">Nelson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Scott" title="Rick Scott">Scott</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="2" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="United States Senate"><img alt="United States Senate" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/80px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/120px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg/160px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Senate.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1030" data-file-height="1030" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Class 3</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/James_Westcott" title="James Westcott">Westcott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jackson_Morton" title="Jackson Morton">Morton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Levy_Yulee" title="David Levy Yulee">Yulee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_W._Osborn" title="Thomas W. Osborn">Osborn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simon_B._Conover" title="Simon B. Conover">Conover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilkinson_Call" title="Wilkinson Call">Call</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Mallory_II" title="Stephen Mallory II">Mallory Jr.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_James_Bryan" title="William James Bryan">W. Bryan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Hall_Milton" title="William Hall Milton">Milton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duncan_U._Fletcher" title="Duncan U. Fletcher">Fletcher</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Luther_Hill" title="William Luther Hill">Hill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claude_Pepper" title="Claude Pepper">Pepper</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Smathers" title="George Smathers">Smathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Gurney" title="Edward Gurney">Gurney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Stone_(politician)" title="Richard Stone (politician)">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Hawkins_(politician)" title="Paula Hawkins (politician)">Hawkins</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bob_Graham" title="Bob Graham">Graham</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Martinez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_LeMieux" title="George LeMieux">LeMieux</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marco_Rubio" title="Marco Rubio">Rubio</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_secretaries_of_housing_and_urban_development" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:USSecHUD" title="Template:USSecHUD"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:USSecHUD" title="Template talk:USSecHUD"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:USSecHUD" title="Special:EditPage/Template:USSecHUD"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_secretaries_of_housing_and_urban_development" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">United States secretaries of housing and urban development</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_C._Weaver" title="Robert C. Weaver">Weaver</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Coldwell_Wood" title="Robert Coldwell Wood">Wood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_W._Romney" title="George W. Romney">Romney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Thomas_Lynn" title="James Thomas Lynn">Lynn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carla_Anderson_Hills" title="Carla Anderson Hills">Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Patricia_Roberts_Harris" title="Patricia Roberts Harris">Harris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moon_Landrieu" title="Moon Landrieu">Landrieu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Pierce" title="Samuel Pierce">Pierce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kemp" title="Jack Kemp">Kemp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Cisneros" title="Henry Cisneros">Cisneros</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Cuomo" title="Andrew Cuomo">Cuomo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mel_Martinez" class="mw-redirect" title="Mel Martinez">Martinez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson" title="Alphonso Jackson">Jackson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Preston" title="Steve Preston">Preston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaun_Donovan" title="Shaun Donovan">Donovan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julian_Castro" title="Julian Castro">Castro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ben_Carson" title="Ben Carson">Carson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Fudge" title="Marcia Fudge">Fudge</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="100" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg/150px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg/200px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Department_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="365" /></span></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cabinet_of_President_George_W._Bush_(2001–2009)" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Template:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Template talk:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GW_Bush_cabinet" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GW Bush cabinet"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cabinet_of_President_George_W._Bush_(2001–2009)" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cabinet_of_the_United_States" title="Cabinet of the United States">Cabinet</a> of <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">President</a> <a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a> (2001–2009)</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><div id="Cabinet" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="Vice President of the United States">Vice President</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dick_Cheney" title="Dick Cheney">Dick Cheney</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="16" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/100px-George-W-Bush.jpeg" decoding="async" width="100" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/150px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/George-W-Bush.jpeg/200px-George-W-Bush.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="2267" data-file-height="3000" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_State" title="United States Secretary of State">Secretary of State</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Colin_Powell" title="Colin Powell">Colin Powell</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice" title="Condoleezza Rice">Condoleezza Rice</a> (2005–2009) <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Condoleezza_Rice%27s_tenure_as_Secretary_of_State" title="Condoleezza Rice's tenure as Secretary of State">tenure</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Treasury" title="United States Secretary of the Treasury">Secretary of the Treasury</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_H._O%27Neill" title="Paul H. O'Neill">Paul H. O'Neill</a> (2001–2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_W._Snow" title="John W. Snow">John W. Snow</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Paulson" title="Henry Paulson">Henry Paulson</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Defense" title="United States Secretary of Defense">Secretary of Defense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Rumsfeld" title="Donald Rumsfeld">Donald Rumsfeld</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Gates" title="Robert Gates">Robert Gates</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Attorney_General" title="United States Attorney General">Attorney General</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_Ashcroft" title="John Ashcroft">John Ashcroft</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alberto_Gonzales" title="Alberto Gonzales">Alberto Gonzales</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Mukasey" title="Michael Mukasey">Michael Mukasey</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_the_Interior" title="United States Secretary of the Interior">Secretary of the Interior</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gale_Norton" title="Gale Norton">Gale Norton</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dirk_Kempthorne" title="Dirk Kempthorne">Dirk Kempthorne</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Agriculture" title="United States Secretary of Agriculture">Secretary of Agriculture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Veneman" title="Ann Veneman">Ann Veneman</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Johanns" title="Mike Johanns">Mike Johanns</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ed_Schafer" title="Ed Schafer">Ed Schafer</a> (2008–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Commerce" title="United States Secretary of Commerce">Secretary of Commerce</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Donald_Evans" title="Donald Evans">Donald Evans</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_Gutierrez" title="Carlos Gutierrez">Carlos Gutierrez</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Labor" title="United States Secretary of Labor">Secretary of Labor</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elaine_Chao" title="Elaine Chao">Elaine Chao</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Health_and_Human_Services" title="United States Secretary of Health and Human Services">Secretary of Health and Human Services</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tommy_Thompson" title="Tommy Thompson">Tommy Thompson</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Housing_and_Urban_Development" title="United States Secretary of Housing and Urban Development">Secretary of Housing and Urban Development</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Mel Martínez</a> (2001–2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphonso_Jackson" title="Alphonso Jackson">Alphonso Jackson</a> (2004–2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Steve_Preston" title="Steve Preston">Steve Preston</a> (2008–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Transportation" title="United States Secretary of Transportation">Secretary of Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Mineta" title="Norman Mineta">Norman Mineta</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mary_E._Peters" title="Mary E. Peters">Mary E. Peters</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Energy" title="United States Secretary of Energy">Secretary of Energy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spencer_Abraham" title="Spencer Abraham">Spencer Abraham</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Bodman" title="Samuel Bodman">Samuel Bodman</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Education" title="United States Secretary of Education">Secretary of Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rod_Paige" title="Rod Paige">Rod Paige</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margaret_Spellings" title="Margaret Spellings">Margaret Spellings</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs" title="United States Secretary of Veterans Affairs">Secretary of Veterans Affairs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Principi" title="Anthony Principi">Anthony Principi</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nicholson_(Secretary_of_Veterans_Affairs)" title="Jim Nicholson (Secretary of Veterans Affairs)">Jim Nicholson</a> (2005–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Peake" title="James Peake">James Peake</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_Homeland_Security" title="United States Secretary of Homeland Security">Secretary of Homeland Security</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Ridge" title="Tom Ridge">Tom Ridge</a> (2003–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Chertoff" title="Michael Chertoff">Michael Chertoff</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Cabinet-level" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Cabinet-level</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Administrator_of_the_Environmental_Protection_Agency" title="Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency">Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christine_Todd_Whitman" title="Christine Todd Whitman">Christine Todd Whitman</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mike_Leavitt" title="Mike Leavitt">Mike Leavitt</a> (2003–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_L._Johnson_(politician,_born_1951)" title="Stephen L. Johnson (politician, born 1951)">Stephen L. Johnson</a> (2005–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Management_and_Budget" title="Office of Management and Budget">Director of the Office of Management and Budget</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Daniels" title="Mitch Daniels">Mitch Daniels</a> (2001–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a> (2003–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (2006–2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jim_Nussle" title="Jim Nussle">Jim Nussle</a> (2007–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_the_United_States_Trade_Representative" title="Office of the United States Trade Representative">Trade Representative</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Zoellick" title="Robert Zoellick">Robert Zoellick</a> (2001–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rob_Portman" title="Rob Portman">Rob Portman</a> (2005–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Schwab" title="Susan Schwab">Susan Schwab</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Office_of_National_Drug_Control_Policy" title="Office of National Drug Control Policy">Director of the Office of National Drug Control Policy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_P._Walters" title="John P. Walters">John P. Walters</a> (2001–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/White_House_Chief_of_Staff" title="White House Chief of Staff">White House Chief of Staff</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Card" title="Andrew Card">Andrew Card</a> (2001–2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bolten" title="Joshua Bolten">Joshua Bolten</a> (2006–2009)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435010#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435010#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q435010#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000046652283">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/46425827">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1802431/">FAST</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJdMbTMCWJDTQRFR8YXcfq">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/no2002021620">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://data.bibliotheken.nl/id/thes/p315988282">Netherlands</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bioguide.congress.gov/scripts/biodisplay.pl?index=M001162">US Congress</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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