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class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " 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aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 60 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnsee" title="Lincolnsee – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Lincolnsee" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%D8%B1_%D9%84%D9%86%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86" title="بحر لنكولن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بحر لنكولن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Lincoln" title="Mar de Lincoln – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Mar de Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkoln_d%C9%99nizi" title="Linkoln dənizi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Linkoln dənizi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86_%D8%AF%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B2%DB%8C" title="لینکولن دنیزی – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="لینکولن دنیزی" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%82%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%B0" title="লিংকন সাগর – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="লিংকন সাগর" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_H%C3%A1i" title="Lincoln Hái – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Lincoln Hái" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B0_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мора Лінкальна – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мора Лінкальна" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%BB%D0%BD_(%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5)" title="Линкълн (море) – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Линкълн (море)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnovo_more" title="Lincolnovo more – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Lincolnovo more" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Lincoln" title="Mar de Lincoln – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mar de Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD_%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%C4%95%D1%81%C4%95" title="Линкольн тинĕсĕ – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Линкольн тинĕсĕ" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_Sea_(dagat_sa_Kanada)" title="Lincoln Sea (dagat sa Kanada) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Lincoln Sea (dagat sa Kanada)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnovo_mo%C5%99e" title="Lincolnovo moře – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Lincolnovo moře" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnhavet" title="Lincolnhavet – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Lincolnhavet" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnsee" title="Lincolnsee – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Lincolnsee" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolni_meri" title="Lincolni meri – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Lincolni meri" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Lincoln" title="Mar de Lincoln – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mar de Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincoln_itsasoa" title="Lincoln itsasoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Lincoln itsasoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%86" title="دریای لینکلن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دریای لینکلن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mer_de_Lincoln" title="Mer de Lincoln – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mer de Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnsee" title="Lincolnsee – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Lincolnsee" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%81%EC%BB%A8%ED%95%B4" title="링컨해 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="링컨해" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BC%D5%AB%D5%B6%D6%84%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%B6%D5%AB_%D5%AE%D5%B8%D5%BE" title="Լինքոլնի ծով – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Լինքոլնի ծով" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Baybay_Lincoln" title="Baybay Lincoln – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Baybay Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laut_Lincoln" title="Laut Lincoln – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Laut Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnhaf" title="Lincolnhaf – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lincolnhaf" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mare_di_Lincoln" title="Mare di Lincoln – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mare di Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%99%D7%9D_%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%9F" title="ים לינקולן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ים לינקולן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A6%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="ლინკოლნის ზღვა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლინკოლნის ზღვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bahari_ya_Lincoln" title="Bahari ya Lincoln – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Bahari ya Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkolna_j%C5%ABra" title="Linkolna jūra – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Linkolna jūra" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Linkolno_j%C5%ABra" title="Linkolno jūra – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Linkolno jūra" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Линколново Море – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Линколново Море" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BA_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%BD" title="ലിങ്കൺ കടൽ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ലിങ്കൺ കടൽ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%99%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%96%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A6%E1%83%90" title="ლინკოლნიშ ზუღა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლინკოლნიშ ზუღა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%84%D9%86_%D8%AF%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="لینکلن دریا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="لینکلن دریا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnzee" title="Lincolnzee – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Lincolnzee" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E3%82%AB%E3%83%BC%E3%83%B3%E6%B5%B7" title="リンカーン海 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="リンカーン海" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%85%D3%80%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B4" title="Линкольнан хӀорд – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Линкольнан хӀорд" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnsj%C3%B8en" title="Lincolnsjøen – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Lincolnsjøen" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%AE%E0%A9%81%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%B0" title="ਲਿੰਕਨ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਲਿੰਕਨ ਸਮੁੰਦਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%86_%D8%B3%D9%85%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B1" title="لنکن سمندر – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="لنکن سمندر" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morze_Lincolna" title="Morze Lincolna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Morze Lincolna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar_de_Lincoln" title="Mar de Lincoln – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Mar de Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Море Линкольна – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Море Линкольна" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnovo_more" title="Lincolnovo more – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Lincolnovo more" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnovo_morje" title="Lincolnovo morje – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Lincolnovo morje" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE_%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5" title="Линколново море – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Линколново море" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolnovo_more" title="Lincolnovo more – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Lincolnovo more" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lincolninmeri" 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href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B5_%D0%9B%D1%96%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Море Лінкольна – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Море Лінкольна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%84%D9%86%DA%A9%D9%86" title="بحیرہ لنکن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="بحیرہ لنکن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bi%E1%BB%83n_Lincoln" title="Biển Lincoln – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Biển Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagat_Lincoln" title="Dagat Lincoln – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Dagat Lincoln" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF%E6%B5%B7" title="林肯海 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="林肯海" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E8%82%AF%E6%B5%B7" title="林肯海 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="林肯海" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" 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class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lincoln_Sea&params=83_N_58_W_type:waterbody_scale:10000000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">83°N</span> <span class="longitude">58°W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">83°N 58°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">83; -58</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Body of water in the Arctic Ocean</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org" style="background-color: #cedeff; font-size: 125%;">Lincoln Sea</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Lincoln_Sea_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Lincoln_Sea_map.png/264px-Lincoln_Sea_map.png" decoding="async" width="264" height="241" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Lincoln_Sea_map.png/396px-Lincoln_Sea_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Lincoln_Sea_map.png/528px-Lincoln_Sea_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="913" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Map of the Lincoln Sea</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="line-height: 1.2; border-bottom: 1px solid #cedeff;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:256px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:256px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:256px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lincoln Sea is located in Arctic"><img alt="Lincoln Sea is located in Arctic" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png/256px-Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png" decoding="async" width="256" height="256" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png/384px-Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png/512px-Arctic_Ocean_relief_location_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1181" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.637%;left:42.58%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Lincoln Sea"><img alt="Lincoln Sea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div>Lincoln Sea</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span title="Geographical coordinates">Coordinates</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Lincoln_Sea&params=83_N_58_W_type:waterbody_scale:10000000"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">83°N</span> <span class="longitude">58°W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">83°N 58°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">83; -58</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Body_of_water#Waterbody_types" title="Body of water">Type</a></th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">Sea</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Drainage_basin" title="Drainage basin">Basin</a> countries</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Surface area</th><td class="infobox-data">64,000 km<sup>2</sup> (25,000 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Average depth</th><td class="infobox-data">257 m (843 ft)</td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Water volume</th><td class="infobox-data">16,000 km<sup>3</sup> (1.3<span style="margin:0 .15em 0 .25em">×</span>10<sup>10</sup> acre⋅ft)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="border-bottom: #cedeff 1px solid"></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Frozen</th><td class="infobox-data">Practically all year round</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">References</th><td class="infobox-data note"><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Lincoln Sea</b> (<a href="/wiki/French_language" title="French language">French</a>: <i lang="fr">Mer de Lincoln</i>; <a href="/wiki/Danish_language" title="Danish language">Danish</a>: <i lang="da">Lincolnhavet</i>) is a body of water in the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a>, stretching from <a href="/wiki/Cape_Columbia" title="Cape Columbia">Cape Columbia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, in the west to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Morris_Jesup" title="Cape Morris Jesup">Cape Morris Jesup</a>, <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a>, in the east. The northern limit is defined as the <a href="/wiki/Great_circle" title="Great circle">great circle</a> line between those two <a href="/wiki/Headland" title="Headland">headlands</a>. It is covered with <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">sea ice</a> throughout the year, the thickest sea ice in the Arctic Ocean, which can be up to 15 m (49 ft) thick. Water depths range from 100 m (330 ft) to 300 m (980 ft). Water and ice from Lincoln Sea empty into <a href="/wiki/Robeson_Channel" title="Robeson Channel">Robeson Channel</a>, the northernmost part of <a href="/wiki/Nares_Strait" title="Nares Strait">Nares Strait</a>, most of the time. </p><p>The sea was named after <a href="/wiki/Robert_Todd_Lincoln" title="Robert Todd Lincoln">Robert Todd Lincoln</a>, then <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">United States Secretary of War</a>, on <a href="/wiki/Augustus_Greely" class="mw-redirect" title="Augustus Greely">Adolphus W. Greely</a>'s 1881–1884 Arctic expedition into <a href="/wiki/Lady_Franklin_Bay" title="Lady Franklin Bay">Lady Franklin Bay</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Alert,_Nunavut" title="Alert, Nunavut">Alert</a>, the northernmost station of Canada, is the only populated place on the shore of Lincoln Sea. </p><p>The body of water to the east of Lincoln Sea (east of Cape Morris Jesup) is the <a href="/wiki/Wandel_Sea" title="Wandel Sea">Wandel Sea</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Currents_and_Oceanic_Circulation">Currents and Oceanic Circulation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Sea&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Currents and Oceanic Circulation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Because of the severe ice conditions that last year-round, oceanographic measurements of the Lincoln Sea have been all but impossible. Before the 1980s, only low-flying aircraft samplings and ground observations from ice islands could be attempted; these did not stray far from the shores of <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Arctic_Archipelago" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Arctic Archipelago">Canadian Arctic Archipelago</a> due to the harsh environment. Between 1989 and 1994, the field experiments in Project Spinnaker were underway, implementing instrumentation that captured <a href="/wiki/Temperature" title="Temperature">temperature</a> and <a href="/wiki/Salinity" title="Salinity">salinity</a> profiles well into the heart of the Lincoln Sea. Taken just east of where the North American continent intersects the <a href="/wiki/Lomonosov_Ridge" title="Lomonosov Ridge">Lomonosov Ridge</a>, these observations revealed the oceanographic features and current formations within and surrounding the Lincoln Sea. </p><p>Along the continental margins of the <a href="/wiki/Arctic_Ocean" title="Arctic Ocean">Arctic Ocean</a> basin, narrow boundary currents are hypothesized to house intense large-scale advection that is critical in the general circulation of Arctic waters. From the <a href="/wiki/Bering_Strait" title="Bering Strait">Bering Strait</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a> waters flow counterclockwise (cyclonically) along the northern shores of <a href="/wiki/Canada" title="Canada">Canada</a>, passing through the Lincoln Sea. <a href="/wiki/Atlantic_Ocean" title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a> waters cyclonically flow in from and return to the Eurasian basin along the <a href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</a> continental slope. The waters of these basins converge at the Lincoln Sea, creating unique vertical temperature and salinity profiles here. Measurements detail that both the Pacific and Eurasian Ocean water profiles are clearly offset from one another, an important facet of the <a href="/wiki/Hydrography" title="Hydrography">hydrography</a> of the Lincoln Sea. </p><p>The Lincoln Sea has been found to contain water with three distinct properties. The first concerns the water in the inner part of the Lincoln Sea shelf, where the temperature and salinity profiles increase from the surface to the seafloor. The second involves the water covering the outer part of the shelf, including the slope; the waters here hold attributes similar to those in the Canadian basin and thus not unlike those from the Pacific. The third includes the waters north of the shelf's slope. These waters protrude into the Arctic basin's large-scale circulation, and so their characteristics appear to change over to those found in the Eurasian basin. </p><p>Along the continental margins of the Arctic Ocean basin, narrow <a href="/wiki/Boundary_current" title="Boundary current">boundary currents</a> are hypothesized to house intense large-scale <a href="/wiki/Advection" title="Advection">advection</a> that is critical in the general circulation of Arctic waters. One of these boundary currents resides along the sloping edge of the Lincoln Sea shelf, between the base and the shelf break at approximately 1600 m. The current's strength is 5–6 cm/s, according to long-term measurements. Assuming an undercurrent with an average strength of 4 cm/s and dimensions of 50 km in length and 1000 m in depth, the transport delivered over the slope of the Lincoln Sea shelf would be 2 <a href="/wiki/Sverdrup" title="Sverdrup">Sverdrups</a>, where 1 Sverdrup equals 10^6 m^3/s. Measurements reveal that this undercurrent shares comparable features to that found in the <a href="/wiki/Beaufort_Sea" title="Beaufort Sea">Beaufort Sea</a>, whose boundary currents are responsible for large-scale advection within the Arctic circulation. Because of this mutual oceanographic behavior, it has been determined that the Lincoln Sea undercurrent continuously flows and is a component of the boundary current system that spans between <a href="/wiki/Alaska" title="Alaska">Alaska</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> along the northern shores of the Canadian archipelago.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sea_Ice">Sea Ice</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Sea&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Sea Ice"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In May 2004 and 2005, <a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_radiation" title="Electromagnetic radiation">electromagnetic</a> measurements from helicopters revealed insights into the thickness of the <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">sea ice</a> in the Lincoln Sea and surrounding waters. With thicknesses ranging between 3.9 and 4.2 m, <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">multi-year ice</a> dominates south of 84°N. <a href="/wiki/Sea_ice" title="Sea ice">First-year ice</a>, with thicknesses ranging between 0.9 and 2.2 m, denotes the refreezing of the Lincoln Polynya ice. These helicopter measurements concur with satellite-based radar imagery as well as ground-based electromagnetic observations. Drifting buoys have exposed a southward drift of sea ice toward <a href="/wiki/Ellesmere_Island" title="Ellesmere Island">Ellesmere Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nares_Strait" title="Nares Strait">Nares Strait</a>. It has been concluded that <a href="/wiki/Shear_(fluid)" class="mw-redirect" title="Shear (fluid)">shear</a> in the Lincoln Sea narrow boundary current plays an important role in shifting and thus removing sea ice from the Arctic region.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The majority of sea ice export takes place on the eastern edges of the Arctic Ocean circulation near Greenland through the <a href="/wiki/Fram_Strait" title="Fram Strait">Fram Strait</a>. Sea ice export through the Canadian archipelago was originally assumed to be zero, but that is not the case. The Lincoln Sea contains very thick multi-year sea ice, and so was thought to be stationary because of the apparent lack of oceanic outlets. However, according to a Canadian sea ice study, an area of approximately 22500 km<sup>2</sup> of multi-year sea ice is drained through the Nares Strait each year. During the <a href="/wiki/Northern_Hemisphere" title="Northern Hemisphere">Northern Hemisphere</a> <a href="/wiki/Winter" title="Winter">winter</a>, an area of about 225 km<sup>2</sup> of ice reforms, resulting in 335 km<sup>2</sup> of total sea ice drainage. Although this represents only one of the many pathways from the Arctic Ocean basin through the Canadian archipelago, "…this [total drainage] is an order of magnitude less than the <a href="/wiki/Flux" title="Flux">flux</a> of sea ice out of [the] Fram Strait."<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Dispute">Dispute</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Sea&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Dispute"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A disagreement over a 200-square-kilometre section of the Lincoln Sea emerged after 1973 when Canada and Denmark signed a treaty<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> establishing the offshore boundary north of Canada's <a href="/wiki/Ellesmere_Island" title="Ellesmere Island">Ellesmere Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Denmark" title="Denmark">Danish</a>-controlled <a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a> but left portions of it undefined. </p><p>From Canada's point of view, the point of focus in the Lincoln Sea dispute has been Denmark's inclusion of <a href="/wiki/Beaumont_Island_(Greenland)" title="Beaumont Island (Greenland)">Beaumont Island (Greenland)</a> (not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/Beaumont_Island" class="mw-redirect" title="Beaumont Island">Beaumont Island</a> off the west coast of <a href="/wiki/Graham_Land" title="Graham Land">Graham Land</a>, <a href="/wiki/Antarctica" title="Antarctica">Antarctica</a>) off Greenland's northwest coast in calculating the boundary. The boundary is determined in that region by an "equidistance" principle that draws the line halfway between points along each country's coastline. Canada has basically argued that Beaumont Island is too insignificant to be used by Greenland to help determine the international boundary.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2022, Canada and Denmark formalized the maritime boundary between Nunavut and Greenland, including in the Lincoln Sea, and establishing a land border on <a href="/wiki/Hans_Island" title="Hans Island">Hans Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Extent">Extent</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Sea&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Extent"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/International_Hydrographic_Organization" title="International Hydrographic Organization">International Hydrographic Organization</a> defines the limits of the Lincoln Sea as follows:<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote> <p><i>On the North.</i> <a href="/wiki/Cape_Columbia" title="Cape Columbia">Cape Columbia</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Morris_Jesup" title="Cape Morris Jesup">Cape Morris Jesup</a> (<a href="/wiki/Greenland" title="Greenland">Greenland</a>). </p><p><i>On the South.</i> Cape Columbia through Northeastern shore of <a href="/wiki/Ellesmere_Island" title="Ellesmere Island">Ellesmere Island</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Sheridan" title="Cape Sheridan">Cape Sheridan</a> to <a href="/wiki/Cape_Bryant" title="Cape Bryant">Cape Bryant</a> (Greenland) through Greenland to Cape Morris Jesup. </p> </blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Sea&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">R. Stein, <i>Arctic Ocean Sediments: Processes, Proxies, and Paleoenvironment</i>, p. 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.deepseawaters.com/Lincoln_Sea.htm">"Lincoln Sea, a sea in the Arctic Ocean"</a>. deepseawaters.com, Phoenix, Arizona. 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Lincoln+Sea%2C+a+sea+in+the+Arctic+Ocean&rft.pub=deepseawaters.com%2C+Phoenix%2C+Arizona&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.deepseawaters.com%2FLincoln_Sea.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNewtonSotirin1997" class="citation journal cs1">Newton, John L.; Sotirin, Barbara J. (1997). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F96JC03441">"Boundary undercurrent and water mass changes in the Lincoln Sea"</a>. <i>Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans</i>. <b>102</b> (C2): 3393–3403. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1997JGR...102.3393N">1997JGR...102.3393N</a>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1029%2F96JC03441">10.1029/96JC03441</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Geophysical+Research%3A+Oceans&rft.atitle=Boundary+undercurrent+and+water+mass+changes+in+the+Lincoln+Sea&rft.volume=102&rft.issue=C2&rft.pages=3393-3403&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1029%2F96JC03441&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1997JGR...102.3393N&rft.aulast=Newton&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft.au=Sotirin%2C+Barbara+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.1029%252F96JC03441&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://umd.library.ingentaconnect.com/content/igsoc/agl/2006/00000044/00000001/art00040">"Comparison of the sea-ice thickness distribution in the Lincoln Sea and adjacent Arctic Ocean in 2004 and 2005"</a>. International Glaciological Society. 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Comparison+of+the+sea-ice+thickness+distribution+in+the+Lincoln+Sea+and+adjacent+Arctic+Ocean+in+2004+and+2005&rft.pub=International+Glaciological+Society&rft.date=2006&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fumd.library.ingentaconnect.com%2Fcontent%2Figsoc%2Fagl%2F2006%2F00000044%2F00000001%2Fart00040&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged December 2017">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131111041846/http://clic.npolar.no/reports/archive/iapo_inf_04.pdf#page=31">"Drainage of multi-year sea ice from the Lincoln Sea"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. World Climate Research Program. 1998. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://clic.npolar.no/reports/archive/iapo_inf_04.pdf#page=31">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2013-11-11<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 November</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Drainage+of+multi-year+sea+ice+from+the+Lincoln+Sea&rft.pub=World+Climate+Research+Program&rft.date=1998&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fclic.npolar.no%2Freports%2Farchive%2Fiapo_inf_04.pdf%23page%3D31&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140222235231/http://www.international.gc.ca/media/aff/news-communiques/2012/11/28a.aspx">"Canada and Kingdom of Denmark Reach Tentative Agreement on Lincoln Sea Boundary Backgrounder"</a>. Foreign Affairs and International Trade Canada. 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.international.gc.ca/media/aff/news-communiques/2012/11/28a.aspx">the original</a> on 22 February 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 February</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canada+and+Kingdom+of+Denmark+Reach+Tentative+Agreement+on+Lincoln+Sea+Boundary+Backgrounder&rft.pub=Foreign+Affairs+and+International+Trade+Canada&rft.date=2012&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.international.gc.ca%2Fmedia%2Faff%2Fnews-communiques%2F2012%2F11%2F28a.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130512221442/http://www2.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=4dd58b3c-e40d-4767-b943-1b6da9572a70.pdf">"Canada, Denmark start talks to resolve border dispute"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Edmonton Journal. 2010. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www2.canada.com/edmontonjournal/news/story.html?id=4dd58b3c-e40d-4767-b943-1b6da9572a70.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 12 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 June</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Canada%2C+Denmark+start+talks+to+resolve+border+dispute&rft.pub=Edmonton+Journal&rft.date=2010&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww2.canada.com%2Fedmontonjournal%2Fnews%2Fstory.html%3Fid%3D4dd58b3c-e40d-4767-b943-1b6da9572a70.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.canada.ca/en/global-affairs/news/2022/06/boundary-dispute.html">"Boundary dispute Backgrounder"</a>. Global Affairs Canada. 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Boundary+dispute+Backgrounder&rft.pub=Global+Affairs+Canada&rft.date=2022&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.canada.ca%2Fen%2Fglobal-affairs%2Fnews%2F2022%2F06%2Fboundary-dispute.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111008191433/http://www.iho-ohi.net/iho_pubs/standard/S-23/S23_1953.pdf">"Limits of Oceans and Seas, 3rd edition"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. International Hydrographic Organization. 1953. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://iho.int/uploads/user/pubs/standards/s-23/S-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 8 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Limits+of+Oceans+and+Seas%2C+3rd+edition&rft.pub=International+Hydrographic+Organization&rft.date=1953&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fiho.int%2Fuploads%2Fuser%2Fpubs%2Fstandards%2Fs-23%2FS-23_Ed3_1953_EN.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ALincoln+Sea" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lincoln_Sea&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/jgrc.20341/pdf">Hydrographic changes in the Lincoln Sea in the Arctic Ocean withfocus on 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title="Atlantic Ocean">Atlantic Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adriatic_Sea" title="Adriatic Sea">Adriatic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aegean_Sea" title="Aegean Sea">Aegean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alboran_Sea" title="Alboran Sea">Alboran Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Mediterranean_Sea" title="American Mediterranean Sea">American Mediterranean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archipelago_Sea" title="Archipelago Sea">Archipelago Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Argentine_Sea" title="Argentine Sea">Argentine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baffin_Bay" title="Baffin Bay">Baffin Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balearic_Sea" title="Balearic Sea">Balearic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baltic_Sea" title="Baltic Sea">Baltic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Biscay" title="Bay of Biscay">Bay of Biscay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothnian_Bay" title="Bothnian Bay">Bay of Bothnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Campeche" title="Bay of Campeche">Bay of Campeche</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Fundy" title="Bay of Fundy">Bay of Fundy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Black_Sea" title="Black Sea">Black Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bothnian_Sea" title="Bothnian Sea">Bothnian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celtic_Sea" title="Celtic Sea">Celtic Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Channel" title="English Channel">English Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foxe_Basin" title="Foxe Basin">Foxe Basin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greenland_Sea" title="Greenland Sea">Greenland Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Bothnia" title="Gulf of Bothnia">Gulf of Bothnia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Finland" title="Gulf of Finland">Gulf of Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Guinea" title="Gulf of Guinea">Gulf of Guinea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Lion" title="Gulf of Lion">Gulf of Lion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Maine" title="Gulf of Maine">Gulf of Maine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Sidra" title="Gulf of Sidra">Gulf of Sidra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_St._Lawrence" title="Gulf of St. Lawrence">Gulf of St. Lawrence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Venezuela" title="Gulf of Venezuela">Gulf of Venezuela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hudson_Bay" title="Hudson Bay">Hudson Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ionian_Sea" title="Ionian Sea">Ionian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irish_Sea" title="Irish Sea">Irish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irminger_Sea" title="Irminger Sea">Irminger Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Bay" title="James Bay">James Bay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Labrador_Sea" title="Labrador Sea">Labrador Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levantine_Sea" title="Levantine Sea">Levantine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Libyan_Sea" title="Libyan Sea">Libyan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ligurian_Sea" title="Ligurian Sea">Ligurian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Sea" title="Mediterranean Sea">Mediterranean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrtoan_Sea" title="Myrtoan Sea">Myrtoan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_Sea" title="North Sea">North Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Sea" title="Norwegian Sea">Norwegian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargasso_Sea" title="Sargasso Sea">Sargasso Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_%C3%85land" title="Sea of Åland">Sea of Åland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Azov" title="Sea of Azov">Sea of Azov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Crete" title="Sea of Crete">Sea of Crete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_the_Hebrides" title="Sea of the Hebrides">Sea of the Hebrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Marmara" title="Sea of Marmara">Sea of Marmara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thracian_Sea" title="Thracian Sea">Thracian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tyrrhenian_Sea" title="Tyrrhenian Sea">Tyrrhenian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadden_Sea" title="Wadden Sea">Wadden Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Indian_Ocean" title="Indian Ocean">Indian Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andaman_Sea" title="Andaman Sea">Andaman Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Bengal" title="Bay of Bengal">Bay of Bengal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flores_Sea" title="Flores Sea">Flores Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Australian_Bight" title="Great Australian Bight">Great Australian Bight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aden" title="Gulf of Aden">Gulf of Aden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Aqaba" title="Gulf of Aqaba">Gulf of Aqaba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Khambhat" title="Gulf of Khambhat">Gulf of Khambhat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Kutch" title="Gulf of Kutch">Gulf of Kutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Oman" title="Gulf of Oman">Gulf of Oman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Suez" title="Gulf of Suez">Gulf of Suez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laccadive_Sea" title="Laccadive Sea">Laccadive Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mozambique_Channel" title="Mozambique Channel">Mozambique Channel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_Gulf" title="Persian Gulf">Persian Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_Sea" title="Red Sea">Red Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timor_Sea" title="Timor Sea">Timor Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Ocean" title="Pacific Ocean">Pacific Ocean</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arafura_Sea" title="Arafura Sea">Arafura Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bali_Sea" title="Bali Sea">Bali Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banda_Sea" title="Banda Sea">Banda Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bering_Sea" title="Bering Sea">Bering Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bismarck_Sea" title="Bismarck Sea">Bismarck Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohai_Sea" title="Bohai Sea">Bohai Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bohol_Sea" title="Bohol Sea">Bohol Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camotes_Sea" title="Camotes Sea">Camotes Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celebes_Sea" title="Celebes Sea">Celebes Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chilean_Sea" title="Chilean Sea">Chilean Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coral_Sea" title="Coral Sea">Coral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_China_Sea" title="East China Sea">East China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Alaska" title="Gulf of Alaska">Gulf of Alaska</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Anadyr" title="Gulf of Anadyr">Gulf of Anadyr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_California" title="Gulf of California">Gulf of California</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Carpentaria" title="Gulf of Carpentaria">Gulf of Carpentaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Fonseca" title="Gulf of Fonseca">Gulf of Fonseca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Panama" title="Gulf of Panama">Gulf of Panama</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Thailand" title="Gulf of Thailand">Gulf of Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Tonkin" title="Gulf of Tonkin">Gulf of Tonkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halmahera_Sea" title="Halmahera Sea">Halmahera Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Java_Sea" title="Java Sea">Java Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koro_Sea" title="Koro Sea">Koro Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mar_de_Grau" title="Mar de Grau">Mar de Grau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molucca_Sea" title="Molucca Sea">Molucca Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moro_Gulf" title="Moro Gulf">Moro Gulf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philippine_Sea" title="Philippine Sea">Philippine Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salish_Sea" title="Salish Sea">Salish Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Savu_Sea" title="Savu Sea">Savu Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Japan" title="Sea of Japan">Sea of Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea_of_Okhotsk" title="Sea of Okhotsk">Sea of Okhotsk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seram_Sea" title="Seram Sea">Seram Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seto_Inland_Sea" title="Seto Inland Sea">Seto Inland Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shantar_Sea" title="Shantar Sea">Shantar Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sibuyan_Sea" title="Sibuyan Sea">Sibuyan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Sea" title="Solomon Sea">Solomon Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_China_Sea" title="South China Sea">South China Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sulu_Sea" title="Sulu Sea">Sulu Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasman_Sea" title="Tasman Sea">Tasman Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Visayan_Sea" title="Visayan Sea">Visayan Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yellow_Sea" title="Yellow Sea">Yellow Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Endorheic_basin" title="Endorheic basin">Endorheic basins</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aral_Sea" title="Aral Sea">Aral Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caspian_Sea" title="Caspian Sea">Caspian Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dead_Sea" title="Dead Sea">Dead Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salton_Sea" title="Salton Sea">Salton Sea</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ocean" title="Ocean">Ocean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea" title="Sea">Sea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superocean" title="Superocean">Superocean</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/32px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="32" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/48px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg/64px-Waves_in_pacifica_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1358" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Oceans" title="Portal:Oceans">Oceans portal</a></b></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" 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