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pb-2"><section class="prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none"><div><h2 id="#etymonline_v_16019" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-4xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dwarf</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif text-2xl mobile:text-xl">(n.)</span></h2></div><section class="-mt-4 -mb-2 lg:-mb-2"><p>Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">dweorh</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">dweorg</i> (West Saxon), <i class="foreign notranslate">duerg</i> (Mercian), "very short human being, person much below ordinary stature, whether of proportionate parts or not," also "supernatural being of subhuman size," from Proto-Germanic <i class="foreign notranslate">*dweraz</i> (source also of Old Frisian <i class="foreign notranslate">dwerch</i>, Old Saxon <i class="foreign notranslate">dwerg</i>, Old High German <i class="foreign notranslate">twerg</i>, German <i class="foreign notranslate">Zwerg</i>, Old Norse <i class="foreign notranslate">dvergr</i>), perhaps from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*dhwergwhos</i> "something tiny," but with no established cognates outside Germanic.</p> <p>Also used by c. 1200 of an animal or plant much below the ordinary size of its species." The use of <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarf</i> in the Germanic mythological sense, "a diminished and generally deformed being, dwelling in rocks and hills and skilled in working metals," seems to have faded after Middle English and been revived after c. 1770 from German.</p> <blockquote> Whilst in this and other ways the dwarfs do at times have dealings with mankind, yet on the whole they seem to shrink from man; they give the impression of a downtrodden afflicted race, which is on the point of abandoning its ancient home to new and more powerful invaders. There is stamped on their character something <i class="foreign notranslate">shy</i> and something <i class="foreign notranslate">heathenish</i>, which estranges them from intercourse with christians. They chafe at human faithlessness, which no doubt would primarily mean the apostacy from heathenism. In the poems of the Mid. Ages, <i class="foreign notranslate">Laurin</i> is expressly set before us as a <i class="foreign notranslate">heathen</i>. It goes sorely against the dwarfs to see churches built, <i class="foreign notranslate">bell-ringing</i> ... disturbs their ancient privacy; they also hate the clearing of forests, agriculture, new fangled pounding-machinery for ore. ["Teutonic Mythology," Jakob Grimm, transl. Stallybrass, 1883] </blockquote> <p>The shift of the Old English guttural at the end of the word to modern <i class="foreign notranslate">-f</i> is typical (compare <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of enough " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/enough">enough</a>, <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of draft " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/draft">draft</a>) and begins to appear early 14c. In Middle English it also was <i class="foreign notranslate">dwerþ</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">dwerke</i>. Old English plural <i class="foreign notranslate">dweorgas</i> became Middle English <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarrows</i>, later leveled down to <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarfs</i>. The use of <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarves</i> for the legendary race was popularized by J.R.R. Tolkien. As an adjective, from 1590s.</p> <p>The use of <i class="foreign notranslate">giant</i> and <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarf</i> in reference to stars of the highest and lowest luminosity is attested by 1914, said to have been suggested by Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung, (1873-1967); hence <i class="foreign notranslate">red dwarf</i> (attested by 1922), <i class="foreign notranslate">white dwarf</i>, <i class="foreign notranslate">black dwarf</i> "dead and lightless star" (1966).</p></section><div class=""><p class="text-sm font-sans text-battleship-gray flex items-center mt-0"><a class="inline-flex items-center text-battleship-gray hover:text-primary transition-colors group hover:no-underline" rel="nofollow" aria-label="also from c. 1200" title="Search for words also from c. 1200" href="/search?sort=a&q=from%3Ac.%25201200"><span class="inline-flex items-center font-normal">also from c. 1200</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ml-0 w-4 h-4 text-lg transition-transform group-hover:translate-x-0.5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a></p></div></section></div><div class="space-y-2 pb-2"><section class="prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none"><div><h2 id="#etymonline_v_45753" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-4xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dwarf</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif text-2xl mobile:text-xl">(v.)</span></h2></div><section class="-mt-4 -mb-2 lg:-mb-2"><p>1620s, "to render dwarfish, hinder from growth to the natural size," from <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dwarf " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dwarf#etymonline_v_16019">dwarf</a> (n.); sense of "to cause to look or seem small by comparison" is by 1829. Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Dwarfed</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarfing</i>.</p></section><div class="-mb-6 lg:-mb-8"><p class="text-sm font-sans text-battleship-gray flex items-center mt-0"><a class="inline-flex items-center text-battleship-gray hover:text-primary transition-colors group hover:no-underline" rel="nofollow" aria-label="also from 1620s" title="Search for words also from 1620s" href="/search?sort=a&q=from%3A1620s"><span class="inline-flex items-center font-normal">also from 1620s</span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="ml-0 w-4 h-4 text-lg transition-transform group-hover:translate-x-0.5" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></a></p></div></section></div></div></div></div><div><div class="space-y-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">Entries linking to <em> dwarf </em></h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of draft" class="w-full group" href="/word/draft"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_15870" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">draft</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(n.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>c. 1500, a spelling variant of <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of draught " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/draught">draught</a> (q.v.) to reflect change in pronunciation. By the end of the 19c. it was the established form in the military, commercial, and many technical sentences, and it is now almost universal in American English as conforming to the pronunciation.</p> <p>The meaning "rough copy of a writing" (something "drawn") is attested from 14c.; that of "preliminary sketch from which a final copy is made" is from 1520s; that of "flow of a current of air" is from c. 1770. Of beer from the 1830s, in reference to the method of "drawing" it from the cask. Sense in <i class="foreign notranslate">bank draft</i> is from 1745. The meaning "a drawing off a group for special duty" is from 1703, in U.S. especially of military service; the verb in this sense first recorded 1714. Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Drafted</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">drafting</i>.</p></section></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of enough" class="w-full group" href="/word/enough"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_8703" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">enough</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(adj.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>c. 1300, from Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">genog</i> "sufficient in quantity or number," from Proto-Germanic compound <i class="foreign notranslate">*ganog</i> "sufficient" (source also of Old Saxon <i class="foreign notranslate">ginog</i>, Old Frisian <i class="foreign notranslate">enoch</i>, Dutch <i class="foreign notranslate">genoeg</i>, Old High German <i class="foreign notranslate">ginuog</i>, German <i class="foreign notranslate">genug</i>, Old Norse <i class="foreign notranslate">gnogr</i>, Gothic <i class="foreign notranslate">ganohs</i>).</p> <p>First element is Old English <i class="foreign notranslate">ge-</i> "with, together" (also a participial, collective, intensive, or perfective prefix), making this word the most prominent surviving example of the Old English prefix, the equivalent of Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">com-</i> and Modern German <i class="foreign notranslate">ge-</i> (from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*kom-</i> "beside, near, by, with;" see <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of com- " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/com-">com-</a>). The second element is from PIE <i class="foreign notranslate">*nok-</i>, from root <i class="foreign notranslate">*nek-</i> (2) "to reach, attain" (source also of Sanskrit <i class="foreign notranslate">asnoti</i> "to reach," Hittite <i class="foreign notranslate">ninikzi</i> "lifts, raises," Lithuanian <i class="foreign notranslate">nešti</i> "to bear, carry," Latin <i class="foreign notranslate">nancisci</i> "to obtain").</p> <p>As an adverb, "sufficiently for the purpose," in Old English; meaning "moderately, fairly, tolerably" (<i class="foreign notranslate">good enough</i>) was in Middle English. Understated sense, as in <i class="foreign notranslate">have had enough</i> "have had too much" was in Old English (which relied heavily on double negatives and understatement). As a noun in Old English, "a quantity or number sufficient for the purpose." As an interjection, "that is enough," from c. 1600. Colloquial <i class="foreign notranslate"><strong>'nough said</strong></i><i class="foreign notranslate">,</i> implying the end of discussion, is attested from 1839, American English, representing a casual or colloquial pronunciation.</p></section></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-sm rounded-md shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of dwarfish" class="w-full group" href="/word/dwarfish"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_37852" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dwarfish</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif">(adj.)</span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><section class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30"><p>"below the common stature or size," 1560s, from <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of dwarf " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/dwarf#etymonline_v_16019">dwarf</a> (n.) + <a title="Etymology, meaning and definition of -ish " class="crossreference notranslate text-primary" href="/word/-ish">-ish</a>. Related: <i class="foreign notranslate">Dwarfishly</i>; <i class="foreign notranslate">dwarfishness</i>.</p></section></div></div></div><div class="mt-4"><ul class="list-none flex gap-2 flex-wrap"></ul></div></div><div class="space-y-2 w-full"><div class="relative"><span class="text-sm font-sans text-spanish-gray absolute -mt-6">Advertisement</span><div class="relative min-h-[90px] w-full"><div class="relative z-10 min-h-[90px] w-full flex items-center justify-center"><div id="div-gpt-ad-pc_wd_ngram" class="flex adsbygoogle items-center transition-all mt-1 w-full max-h-[250px]"><div class="w-full p-4 rounded-md min-w-[300px] items-center justify-center flex w-full h-full bg-secondary/50"><p class="text-foreground/80 text-center">Want to remove ads? <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Log in</a> to see fewer ads, and become a <a class="text-primary hover:underline cursor-pointer" rel="nofollow" href="#">Premium Member</a> to remove all ads.</p></div></div></div></div></div></div><div class="min-h-unit-7"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">Trends of <em> dwarf </em></h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><canvas role="img" height="150" width="300"></canvas><div class="text-left text-xs font-sans italic py-2 text-spanish-gray dark:text-davis-gray">adapted from books.google.com/ngrams/ with a 7-year moving average; ngrams are probably unreliable.</div></div><div class="space-y-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">More to explore</h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of shadow" class="w-full group" href="/word/shadow"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">shadow</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="Middle English shadwe, from Old English sceadwe, sceaduwe "shade, the effect of interception of sunlight; dark image cast by someone or something when interposed between an object and a source of light," oblique cases ("to the," "from the," "of the," "in the") of sceadu (see shad" class="block" href="/word/shadow"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of shadow">Middle English shadwe, from Old English sceadwe, sceaduwe "shade, the effect of interception of sunlight; dark image cast by someone or something when interposed between an object and a source of light," oblique cases ("to the," "from the," "of the," "in the") of sceadu (see shad</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of gnome" class="w-full group" href="/word/gnome"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">gnome</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title=""dwarf-like earth-dwelling spirit," 1712, from French gnome (16c.), from Medieval Latin gnomus, used 16c. in a treatise by Paracelsus, who gave the name pigmaei or gnomi to elemental earth beings, possibly from Greek *genomos "earth-dweller" (compare thalassonomos "inhabitant of " class="block" href="/word/gnome"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of gnome">"dwarf-like earth-dwelling spirit," 1712, from French gnome (16c.), from Medieval Latin gnomus, used 16c. in a treatise by Paracelsus, who gave the name pigmaei or gnomi to elemental earth beings, possibly from Greek *genomos "earth-dweller" (compare thalassonomos "inhabitant of </div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Aaron" class="w-full group" href="/word/Aaron"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Aaron</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="John's wort and a kind of dwarf evergreen) deemed to look hairy in some way is from 1540s...." class="block" href="/word/Aaron"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of Aaron">John's wort and a kind of dwarf evergreen) deemed to look hairy in some way is from 1540s....</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Scratch" class="w-full group" href="/word/Scratch"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Scratch</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="monster" (compare Old High German scraz, scrato "satyr, wood demon," German Schratt, Old High German screz "a goblin, imp, dwarf..." class="block" href="/word/Scratch"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of Scratch">monster" (compare Old High German scraz, scrato "satyr, wood demon," German Schratt, Old High German screz "a goblin, imp, dwarf...</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of stunt" class="w-full group" href="/word/stunt"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">stunt</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title=""check in growth, dwarf," 1650s, earlier "bring to an abrupt halt" (c. 1600); "provoke, anger, irritate" (1580s), from obsolete..." class="block" href="/word/stunt"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of stunt">"check in growth, dwarf," 1650s, earlier "bring to an abrupt halt" (c. 1600); "provoke, anger, irritate" (1580s), from obsolete...</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of chamomile" class="w-full group" href="/word/chamomile"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">chamomile</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="camomilla, from Latin chamomilla, from Greek khamaimelon, etymologically "earth apple," from khamai "on the ground" (also "dwarf..." class="block" href="/word/chamomile"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of chamomile">camomilla, from Latin chamomilla, from Greek khamaimelon, etymologically "earth apple," from khamai "on the ground" (also "dwarf...</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of chameleon" class="w-full group" href="/word/chameleon"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">chameleon</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="from Old French caméléon, from Latin chamaeleon, from Greek khamaileon "the chameleon," from khamai "on the ground" (also "dwarf..." class="block" href="/word/chameleon"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of chameleon">from Old French caméléon, from Latin chamaeleon, from Greek khamaileon "the chameleon," from khamai "on the ground" (also "dwarf...</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of dominate" class="w-full group" href="/word/dominate"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">dominate</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="1610s, "to rule over, control by mastery," a back-formation from domination or else from Latin dominatus, past participle of dominari "to rule, dominate, to govern," from dominus "lord, master," from domus "house" (from PIE root *dem- "house, household"). Meaning "have chief infl" class="block" href="/word/dominate"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of dominate">1610s, "to rule over, control by mastery," a back-formation from domination or else from Latin dominatus, past participle of dominari "to rule, dominate, to govern," from dominus "lord, master," from domus "house" (from PIE root *dem- "house, household"). Meaning "have chief infl</div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of overlook" class="w-full group" href="/word/overlook"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">overlook</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="late 14c., overloken, "to examine carefully, scrutinize, inspect," from over- + look (v.). Another Middle English sense was "to peer over the top of, survey from on high, view from a high place" (c. 1400). These two literal senses have given rise to the two main modern meanings. " class="block" href="/word/overlook"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of overlook">late 14c., overloken, "to examine carefully, scrutinize, inspect," from over- + look (v.). Another Middle English sense was "to peer over the top of, survey from on high, view from a high place" (c. 1400). These two literal senses have given rise to the two main modern meanings. </div></a></div></div><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none border border-secondary hover:shadow-md rounded-lg shadow-sm transition-all bg-secondary/30 dark:bg-overlay hover:bg-secondary/10 dark:text-white" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full justify-start items-center shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large px-4 pt-2 pb-0 lg:px-6 lg:pt-4 lg:pb-2"><a title="Origin and meaning of Freya" class="w-full group" href="/word/Freya"><div class="flex items-center justify-between border-b border-transparent group-hover:border-secondary transition-colors"><span id="#etymonline_v_" class="scroll-m-16 text-2xl font-serif font-bold text-foreground text-primary dark:text-default-100 text-xl"><span class="hyphens-auto" lang="en">Freya</span><span class="pl-2 text-battleship-gray font-serif"></span></span><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="w-6 h-6 lg:w-6 lg:h-6 text-spanish-gray group-hover:text-primary transition-colors ml-2 lg:ml-4 flex-shrink-0 self-center text-xl lg:text-2xl" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></div></a></div><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased px-4 pt-2 pb-2 lg:px-6 lg:pt-2 lg:pb-4"><a title="goddess of sexual love and beauty in Norse mythology, from Old Norse Freyja, which is related to Old English frea "lord;" Old Saxon frua, Middle Dutch vrouwe "woman, wife," German Frau; see frau). Frigga is usually considered the goddess of married love; Freya, the goddess of lo" class="block" href="/word/Freya"><div class="prose lg:prose-lg dark:prose-dark max-w-none [&_em]:bg-warning/30 dark:[&_em]:bg-warning/30 line-clamp-2 text-ellipsis" title="Origin and meaning of Freya">goddess of sexual love and beauty in Norse mythology, from Old Norse Freyja, which is related to Old English frea "lord;" Old Saxon frua, Middle Dutch vrouwe "woman, wife," German Frau; see frau). Frigga is usually considered the goddess of married love; Freya, the goddess of lo</div></a></div></div></div><div><div class="w-full space-y-4 pb-4"><div class="space-y-1"><h2 class="font-sans text-xl" lang="en">Share <em>dwarf</em></h2><div class="mb-4"><hr class="shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider" role="separator"/></div></div><div class="flex gap-4 items-center"><button class="text-lg bg-secondary font-bold text-battleship-gray/80 px-4 py-2 rounded-full transition-colors hover:text-primary hover:bg-gray-200">‘cite’</button><button class="text-2xl bg-secondary text-battleship-gray/80 cursor-pointer hover:text-[#1877f2] p-2 rounded-full hover:bg-gray-100" rel="nofollow"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 320 512" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M279.14 288l14.22-92.66h-88.91v-60.13c0-25.35 12.42-50.06 52.24-50.06h40.42V6.26S260.43 0 225.36 0c-73.22 0-121.08 44.38-121.08 124.72v70.62H22.89V288h81.39v224h100.17V288z"></path></svg></button><button class="text-2xl bg-secondary text-battleship-gray/80 cursor-pointer hover:text-[#0085ff] p-2 rounded-full hover:bg-gray-100" rel="nofollow"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 576 512" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M407.8 294.7c-3.3-.4-6.7-.8-10-1.3c3.4 .4 6.7 .9 10 1.3zM288 227.1C261.9 176.4 190.9 81.9 124.9 35.3C61.6-9.4 37.5-1.7 21.6 5.5C3.3 13.8 0 41.9 0 58.4S9.1 194 15 213.9c19.5 65.7 89.1 87.9 153.2 80.7c3.3-.5 6.6-.9 10-1.4c-3.3 .5-6.6 1-10 1.4C74.3 308.6-9.1 342.8 100.3 464.5C220.6 589.1 265.1 437.8 288 361.1c22.9 76.7 49.2 222.5 185.6 103.4c102.4-103.4 28.1-156-65.8-169.9c-3.3-.4-6.7-.8-10-1.3c3.4 .4 6.7 .9 10 1.3c64.1 7.1 133.6-15.1 153.2-80.7C566.9 194 576 75 576 58.4s-3.3-44.7-21.6-52.9c-15.8-7.1-40-14.9-103.2 29.8C385.1 81.9 314.1 176.4 288 227.1z"></path></svg></button><button class="text-2xl bg-secondary 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18.1-136.3 42.8-9.7-10.1-23.4-16.3-38.4-16.3-55.6 0-73.8 74.6-22.9 100.1-1.8 7.9-2.6 16.3-2.6 24.7 0 83.8 94.4 151.7 210.3 151.7 116.4 0 210.8-67.9 210.8-151.7 0-8.4-.9-17.2-3.1-25.1 49.9-25.6 31.5-99.7-23.8-99.7zM129.4 308.9c0-22 17.6-39.7 39.7-39.7 21.6 0 39.2 17.6 39.2 39.7 0 21.6-17.6 39.2-39.2 39.2-22 .1-39.7-17.6-39.7-39.2zm214.3 93.5c-36.4 36.4-139.1 36.4-175.5 0-4-3.5-4-9.7 0-13.7 3.5-3.5 9.7-3.5 13.2 0 27.8 28.5 120 29 149 0 3.5-3.5 9.7-3.5 13.2 0 4.1 4 4.1 10.2.1 13.7zm-.8-54.2c-21.6 0-39.2-17.6-39.2-39.2 0-22 17.6-39.7 39.2-39.7 22 0 39.7 17.6 39.7 39.7-.1 21.5-17.7 39.2-39.7 39.2z"></path></svg></button><button class="text-2xl bg-secondary text-battleship-gray/80 cursor-pointer hover:text-primary p-2 rounded-full hover:bg-gray-100" rel="nofollow"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 512 512" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M502.3 190.8c3.9-3.1 9.7-.2 9.7 4.7V400c0 26.5-21.5 48-48 48H48c-26.5 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13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">Copy</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">APA Style:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy APA Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper, D. (n.d.). Etymology of dwarf. Online Etymology Dictionary. Retrieved April 3, 2025, from https://www.etymonline.com/word/dwarf</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy APA Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">Copy</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">Chicago Style:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy Chicago Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper Douglas, "Etymology of dwarf," Online Etymology Dictionary, accessed April 3, 2025, https://www.etymonline.com/word/dwarf.</div><button class="absolute bottom-2 right-2 px-2 py-1 rounded-full transition-colors duration-200 flex items-center gap-2 border text-gray-500 hover:text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400 dark:hover:text-gray-200 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700 active:bg-gray-200 dark:active:bg-gray-600 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700" title="Copy Chicago Style"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 448 512" class="w-4 h-4" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path d="M320 448v40c0 13.255-10.745 24-24 24H24c-13.255 0-24-10.745-24-24V120c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24h72v296c0 30.879 25.121 56 56 56h168zm0-344V0H152c-13.255 0-24 10.745-24 24v368c0 13.255 10.745 24 24 24h272c13.255 0 24-10.745 24-24V128H344c-13.2 0-24-10.8-24-24zm120.971-31.029L375.029 7.029A24 24 0 0 0 358.059 0H352v96h96v-6.059a24 24 0 0 0-7.029-16.97z"></path></svg><span class="text-sm font-medium font-sans">Copy</span></button></div></div><div class="mb-6 last:mb-0"><div class="font-medium mb-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">MLA Style:</div><div class="relative group" data-copy-hint="Copy MLA Style"><div class="w-full min-h-[80px] p-3 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-md bg-white dark:bg-background/30 text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 text-base leading-relaxed overflow-auto cursor-text">Harper, Douglas. 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136.2-40.2 199.3C958 772.3 921 827 874 874c-47 47-101.8 83.9-162.7 109.7-63.1 26.8-130.2 40.3-199.3 40.3z"></path></svg></div></div></div><div class="w-full"><div class="flex flex-col relative overflow-hidden h-auto text-foreground box-border outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 transition-transform-background motion-reduce:transition-none bg-secondary/20 shadow-none border border-secondary/30 rounded-md min-w-[300px] w-full" tabindex="-1"><div class="flex p-3 z-10 w-full shrink-0 overflow-inherit color-inherit subpixel-antialiased rounded-t-large font-medium font-sans text-davis-gray items-start justify-start hyphens-auto" lang="en"><span>Dictionary entries near <em>dwarf</em></span></div><hr class="shrink-0 bg-divider border-none w-full h-divider" role="separator"/><div class="relative flex w-full p-3 flex-auto flex-col place-content-inherit align-items-inherit h-auto break-words text-left overflow-y-auto subpixel-antialiased"><ul class="list-none list-none grid grid-cols-1"><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/dutiable" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of dutiable" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">dutiable</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" 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width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/duty" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of duty" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">duty</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" width="1em" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"><path fill="none" d="M0 0h24v24H0z"></path><path d="M10 6 8.59 7.41 13.17 12l-4.58 4.59L10 18l6-6z"></path></svg></span></a></li><li><a class="relative tap-highlight-transparent outline-none data-[focus-visible=true]:z-10 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-2 data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-focus data-[focus-visible=true]:outline-offset-2 text-medium no-underline hover:opacity-80 active:opacity-disabled transition-opacity w-full flex items-center justify-between px-2 py-2 group text-battleship-gray font-medium font-serif hyphens-auto" href="/word/duvet" rel="nofollow" tabindex="0" role="link" title="Origin and meaning of duvet" lang="en"><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><span class="group-hover:text-primary transition-colors">duvet</span></span><span class="flex items-center gap-2"><svg stroke="currentColor" fill="currentColor" stroke-width="0" viewBox="0 0 24 24" class="h-4 w-4 group-hover:text-primary transition-colors" height="1em" 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earliest year for which there is a surviving written record of that word (in English, unless otherwise indicated). This should be taken as approximate, especially before about 1700, since a word may have been used in conversation for hundreds of years before it turns up in a manuscript that has had the good fortune to survive the centuries.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eThe basic sources of this work are Weekley's \"An Etymological Dictionary of Modern English,\" Klein's \"A Comprehensive Etymological Dictionary of the English Language,\" \"Oxford English Dictionary\" (second edition), \"Barnhart Dictionary of Etymology,\" Holthausen's \"Etymologisches Wörterbuch der Englischen Sprache,\" and Kipfer and Chapman's \"Dictionary of American Slang.\"A full list of print sources used in this compilation can be found \u003ca rel=\"nofollow\" href=\"/columns/post/sources\"\u003ehere\u003c/a\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\n\n \u003cp\u003eSince this dictionary went up, it has benefited from the suggestions of dozens of people I have never met, from around the world. 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Etymology Dictionary\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/search?q={search_term_string}\u0026utm_campaign=sd\u0026utm_medium=serp\u0026utm_source=ds_search\",\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}]},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"name\":\"Etymology of \\\"dwarf\\\" by etymonline\",\"url\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/word/dwarf\",\"description\":\"\\\"very short human being, person much below ordinary stature, whether of proportionate… See origin and meaning of dwarf.\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https://ww"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"w.etymonline.com#website\"}},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":[\"DefinedTermSet\",\"Book\"],\"@id\":\"https://www.etymonline.com\",\"name\":\"Dictionary and etymology by etymonline\",\"description\":\"An online etymology dictionary providing the origin and history of English words\"},{\"@context\":\"https://schema.org\",\"@type\":\"DefinedTerm\",\"@id\":\"https://www.etymonline.com/word/dwarf\",\"name\":\"dwarf\",\"inDefinedTermSet\":\"https://www.etymonline.com\"}]2c:Te8b,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003eOld English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edweorh\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edweorg\u003c/span\u003e (West Saxon), \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eduerg\u003c/span\u003e (Mercian), \"very short human being, person much below ordinary stature, whether of proportionate parts or not,\" also \"supernatural being of subhuman size,\" from Proto-Germanic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*dweraz\u003c/span\u003e (source also of Old Frisian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwerch\u003c/span\u003e, Old Saxon \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwerg\u003c/span\u003e, Old High German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003etwerg\u003c/span\u003e, German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eZwerg\u003c/span\u003e, Old Norse \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edvergr\u003c/span\u003e), perhaps from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*dhwergwhos\u003c/span\u003e \"something tiny,\" but with no established cognates outside Germanic.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAlso used by c. 1200 of an animal or plant much below the ordinary size of its species.\" The use of \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwarf\u003c/span\u003e in the Germanic mythological sense, \"a diminished and generally deformed being, dwelling in rocks and hills and skilled in working metals,\" seems to have faded after Middle English and been revived after c. 1770 from German.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cblockquote\u003e\n Whilst in this and other ways the dwarfs do at times have dealings with mankind, yet on the whole they seem to shrink from man; they give the impression of a downtrodden afflicted race, which is on the point of abandoning its ancient home to new and more powerful invaders. There is stamped on their character something \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eshy\u003c/span\u003e and something \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eheathenish\u003c/span\u003e, which estranges them from intercourse with christians. They chafe at human faithlessness, which no doubt would primarily mean the apostacy from heathenism. In the poems of the Mid. Ages, \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eLaurin\u003c/span\u003e is expressly set before us as a \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eheathen\u003c/span\u003e. It goes sorely against the dwarfs to see churches built, \n \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebell-ringing\u003c/span\u003e ... disturbs their ancient privacy; they also hate the clearing of forests, agriculture, new fangled pounding-machinery for ore. [\"Teutonic Mythology,\" Jakob Grimm, transl. Stallybrass, 1883]\n\u003c/blockquote\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe shift of the Old English guttural at the end of the word to modern \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e-f\u003c/span\u003e is typical (compare \u003ca href=\"/word/enough\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of enough \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003eenough\u003c/a\u003e, \u003ca href=\"/word/draft\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of draft \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edraft\u003c/a\u003e) and begins to appear early 14c. In Middle English it also was \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwerþ\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwerke\u003c/span\u003e. Old English plural \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edweorgas\u003c/span\u003e became Middle English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwarrows\u003c/span\u003e, later leveled down to \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwarfs\u003c/span\u003e. The use of \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwarves\u003c/span\u003e for the legendary race was popularized by J.R.R. Tolkien. As an adjective, from 1590s.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe use of \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egiant\u003c/span\u003e and \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edwarf\u003c/span\u003e in reference to stars of the highest and lowest luminosity is attested by 1914, said to have been suggested by Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung, (1873-1967); hence \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ered dwarf\u003c/span\u003e (attested by 1922), \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ewhite dwarf\u003c/span\u003e, \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eblack dwarf\u003c/span\u003e \"dead and lightless star\" (1966).\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2d:T8eb,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"Old English dweorh, dweorg (West Saxon), duerg (Mercian), \"very short human being, person much below ordinary stature, whether of proportionate parts or not,\" also \"supernatural being of subhuman size,\" from Proto-Germanic *dweraz (source also of Old Frisian dwerch, Old Saxon dwerg, Old High German twerg, German Zwerg, Old Norse dvergr), perhaps from PIE *dhwergwhos \"something tiny,\" but with no established cognates outside Germanic. Also used by c. 1200 of an animal or plant much below the ordinary size of its species.\" The use of dwarf in the Germanic mythological sense, \"a diminished and generally deformed being, dwelling in rocks and hills and skilled in working metals,\" seems to have faded after Middle English and been revived after c. 1770 from German. Whilst in this and other ways the dwarfs do at times have dealings with mankind, yet on the whole they seem to shrink from man; they give the impression of a downtrodden afflicted race, which is on the point of abandoning its ancient home to new and more powerful invaders. There is stamped on their character something shy and something heathenish, which estranges them from intercourse with christians. They chafe at human faithlessness, which no doubt would primarily mean the apostacy from heathenism. In the poems of the Mid. Ages, Laurin is expressly set before us as a heathen. It goes sorely against the dwarfs to see churches built, bell-ringing ... disturbs their ancient privacy; they also hate the clearing of forests, agriculture, new fangled pounding-machinery for ore. [\"Teutonic Mythology,\" Jakob Grimm, transl. Stallybrass, 1883] The shift of the Old English guttural at the end of the word to modern -f is typical (compare enough, draft) and begins to appear early 14c. In Middle English it also was dwerþ, dwerke. Old English plural dweorgas became Middle English dwarrows, later leveled down to dwarfs. The use of dwarves for the legendary race was popularized by J.R.R. Tolkien. As an adjective, from 1590s. The use of giant and dwarf in reference to stars of the highest and lowest luminosity is attested by 1914, said to have been suggested by Danish astronomer Ejnar Hertzsprung, (1873-1967); hence red dwarf (attested by 1922), white dwarf, black dwarf \"dead and lightless star\" (1966)."])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"2f:T40c,\u003cp\u003ec. 1500, a spelling variant of \u003ca href=\"/word/draught\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of draught \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003edraught\u003c/a\u003e (q.v.) to reflect change in pronunciation. By the end of the 19c. it was the established form in the military, commercial, and many technical sentences, and it is now almost universal in American English as conforming to the pronunciation.\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe meaning \"rough copy of a writing\" (something \"drawn\") is attested from 14c.; that of \"preliminary sketch from which a final copy is made\" is from 1520s; that of \"flow of a current of air\" is from c. 1770. Of beer from the 1830s, in reference to the method of \"drawing\" it from the cask. Sense in \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ebank draft\u003c/span\u003e is from 1745. The meaning \"a drawing off a group for special duty\" is from 1703, in U.S. especially of military service; the verb in this sense first recorded 1714. Related: \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eDrafted\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003edrafting\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e30:T979,"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"\u003cp\u003ec. 1300, from Old English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egenog\u003c/span\u003e \"sufficient in quantity or number,\" from Proto-Germanic compound \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*ganog\u003c/span\u003e \"sufficient\" (source also of Old Saxon \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eginog\u003c/span\u003e, Old Frisian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eenoch\u003c/span\u003e, Dutch \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egenoeg\u003c/span\u003e, Old High German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eginuog\u003c/span\u003e, German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egenug\u003c/span\u003e, Old Norse \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egnogr\u003c/span\u003e, Gothic \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eganohs\u003c/span\u003e).\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eFirst element is Old English \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ege-\u003c/span\u003e \"with, together\" (also a participial, collective, intensive, or perfective prefix), making this word the most prominent surviving example of the Old English prefix, the equivalent of Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ecom-\u003c/span\u003e and Modern German \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ege-\u003c/span\u003e (from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*kom-\u003c/span\u003e \"beside, near, by, with;\" see \u003ca href=\"/word/com-\" title=\"Etymology, meaning and definition of com- \" class=\"crossreference notranslate\"\u003ecom-\u003c/a\u003e). The second element is from PIE \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*nok-\u003c/span\u003e, from root \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e*nek-\u003c/span\u003e (2) \"to reach, attain\" (source also of Sanskrit \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003easnoti\u003c/span\u003e \"to reach,\" Hittite \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003eninikzi\u003c/span\u003e \"lifts, raises,\" Lithuanian \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003enešti\u003c/span\u003e \"to bear, carry,\" Latin \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003enancisci\u003c/span\u003e \"to obtain\").\u003c/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eAs an adverb, \"sufficiently for the purpose,\" in Old English; meaning \"moderately, fairly, tolerably\" (\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003egood enough\u003c/span\u003e) was in Middle English. Understated sense, as in \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003ehave had enough\u003c/span\u003e \"have had too much\" was in Old English (which relied heavily on double negatives and understatement). As a noun in Old English, \"a quantity or number sufficient for the purpose.\" As an interjection, \"that is enough,\" from c. 1600. Colloquial \u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e'nough said\u003c/strong\u003e\u003c/span\u003e\u003cspan class=\"foreign notranslate\"\u003e,\u003c/span\u003e implying the end of discussion, is attested from 1839, American English, representing a casual or colloquial pronunciation.\u003c/p\u003e"])</script><script>self.__next_f.push([1,"e:[[\"$\",\"script\",null,{\"type\":\"application/ld+json\",\"dangerouslySetInnerHTML\":{\"__html\":\"$29\"}}],[\"$\",\"section\",null,{\"className\":\"flex flex-col lg:flex-row gap-12 justify-center\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"w-full lg:w-[728px] items-start\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-0\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_wd_top\",\"className\":\"h-[90px] w-[728px]\",\"isMobile\":false,\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"main\",\"closeType\":\"none\",\"labelType\":\"none\"},\"lg\":{\"type\":\"normal\",\"closeType\":\"remove\",\"labelType\":\"none\"}}}]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-4 space-y-12 mobile:space-y-8 w-full\",\"children\":[\"$undefined\",[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-4\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"space-y-2\",\"children\":[[\"$\",\"h1\",null,{\"className\":\"font-sans text-2xl\",\"lang\":\"en\",\"children\":[\"Origin and history of \",[\"$\",\"em\",\"word0\",{\"children\":[\" \",\"dwarf\",\" \"]}]]}],[\"$\",\"hr\",null,{\"ref\":\"$undefined\",\"className\":\"shrink-0 border-none w-full h-divider bg-divider\",\"role\":\"separator\",\"data-orientation\":\"$undefined\"}]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"bg-white mobile:bg-transparent dark:bg-secondary dark:mobile:bg-transparent rounded-lg lg:shadow-sm pl-6 pr-6 pt-2 pb-6 mobile:p-0\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"$L2b\",null,{\"vocabularies\":[{\"doc_id\":\"d346c2bc24a74cc35bc7c84444da4925_ev\",\"domain_id\":16019,\"word\":\"dwarf\",\"toxicity\":4,\"type\":0,\"thumbnail\":false,\"property\":\"(n.)\",\"etymology\":\"$2c\",\"etymology_plain\":\"$2d\",\"first_recorded\":\"c. 1200\",\"content_length\":2282,\"modify_time\":1540256544000},{\"doc_id\":\"2b3c3b0699a961dabc0e33f47f9d835a_ev\",\"domain_id\":45753,\"word\":\"dwarf\",\"toxicity\":4,\"type\":0,\"thumbnail\":false,\"property\":\"(v.)\",\"etymology\":\"\u003cp\u003e1620s, \\\"to render dwarfish, hinder from growth to the natural size,\\\" from \u003ca href=\\\"/word/dwarf#etymonline_v_16019\\\" title=\\\"Etymology, meaning and definition of dwarf \\\" class=\\\"crossreference notranslate\\\"\u003edwarf\u003c/a\u003e (n.); sense of \\\"to cause to look or seem small by comparison\\\" is by 1829. Related: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eDwarfed\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003edwarfing\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"etymology_plain\":\"1620s, \\\"to render dwarfish, hinder from growth to the natural size,\\\" from dwarf (n.); sense of \\\"to cause to look or seem small by comparison\\\" is by 1829. 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Related: \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003eDwarfishly\u003c/span\u003e; \u003cspan class=\\\"foreign notranslate\\\"\u003edwarfishness\u003c/span\u003e.\u003c/p\u003e\",\"thumbnail\":false,\"locale_code\":\"en\",\"support_lang\":[],\"down_weight\":false},\"showProperty\":true,\"showTailing\":false}],false]}]]]}],[\"$\",\"div\",null,{\"className\":\"mt-4\",\"children\":[\"$\",\"ul\",null,{\"className\":\"list-none flex gap-2 flex-wrap\",\"children\":[\"$undefined\",null]}]}]]}],[\"$\",\"$L2a\",null,{\"slot\":\"pc_wd_ngram\",\"className\":\"mt-1 w-full max-h-[250px]\",\"wrapperConfigs\":{\"base\":{\"type\":\"main\",\"closeType\":\"close\"},\"lg\":{\"type\":\"none\",\"closeType\":\"none\"}}}],[\"$\",\"$L31\",null,{\"dataSource\":[{\"label\":\"dwarf 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