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<li id="toc-Research_libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Research_libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Research libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Research_libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Main_branch_building" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_branch_building"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>Main branch building</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Main_branch_building-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_research_branches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_research_branches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>Other research branches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_research_branches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>Recent history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-BookOps" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#BookOps"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>BookOps</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-BookOps-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Controversies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Controversies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Controversies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Controversies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Branch_libraries" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Branch_libraries"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Branch libraries</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Branch_libraries-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ASK_NYPL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ASK_NYPL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>ASK NYPL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ASK_NYPL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Website_and_digital_holdings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Website_and_digital_holdings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Website and digital holdings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Website_and_digital_holdings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-One_NYPL" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#One_NYPL"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>One NYPL</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-One_NYPL-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Community_Oral_History_Project" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community_Oral_History_Project"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Community Oral History Project</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Community_Oral_History_Project-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Community_outreach" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Community_outreach"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Community outreach</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Community_outreach-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Temporary_programs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Temporary_programs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Temporary programs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Temporary_programs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_New_York_City_library_systems" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_New_York_City_library_systems"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Other New York City library systems</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_New_York_City_library_systems-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_impact" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_impact"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Cultural impact</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cultural impact subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_impact-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-In_popular_culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#In_popular_culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>In popular culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-In_popular_culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">New York Public Library: Difference between revisions</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 55 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-55" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">55 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%83%D8%AA%D8%A8%D8%A9_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%83_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9" title="مكتبة نيويورك العامة – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مكتبة نيويورك العامة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Nueva_York" title="Biblioteca Pública de Nueva York – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Nueva York" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nyu-York_%C4%B0ctimai_Kitabxanas%C4%B1" title="Nyu-York İctimai Kitabxanası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Nyu-York İctimai Kitabxanası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%81%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%8F%D1%82%D1%8D%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нью-Ёркская публічная бібліятэка – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Нью-Ёркская публічная бібліятэка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8E%D0%B9%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BE%D0%B1%D1%89%D0%B5%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нюйоркска обществена библиотека – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Нюйоркска обществена библиотека" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Nova_York" title="Biblioteca Pública de Nova York – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Nova York" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorgi_Avalik_Raamatukogu" title="New Yorgi Avalik Raamatukogu – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="New Yorgi Avalik Raamatukogu" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%94%CE%B7%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%B1_%CE%92%CE%B9%CE%B2%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%B8%CE%AE%CE%BA%CE%B7_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%9D%CE%AD%CE%B1%CF%82_%CE%A5%CF%8C%CF%81%CE%BA%CE%B7%CF%82" title="Δημόσια Βιβλιοθήκη της Νέας Υόρκης – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Δημόσια Βιβλιοθήκη της Νέας Υόρκης" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Nueva_York" title="Biblioteca Pública de Nueva York – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Nueva York" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Novjorka_Publika_Biblioteko" title="Novjorka Publika Biblioteko – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Novjorka Publika Biblioteko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_Yorkeko_Liburutegi_Publikoa" title="New Yorkeko Liburutegi Publikoa – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="New Yorkeko Liburutegi Publikoa" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B9%D9%85%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کتابخانه عمومی نیویورک – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="کتابخانه عمومی نیویورک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Nova_York" title="Biblioteca Pública de Nova York – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Nova York" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%89%B4%EC%9A%95_%EA%B3%B5%EB%A6%BD%EB%8F%84%EC%84%9C%EA%B4%80" title="뉴욕 공립도서관 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="뉴욕 공립도서관" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82_%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%80%D6%84%D5%AB_%D5%B0%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A3%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6" title="Նյու Յորքի հանրային գրադարան – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նյու Յորքի հանրային գրադարան" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpustakaan_Umum_New_York" title="Perpustakaan Umum New York – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Perpustakaan Umum New York" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%99%D7%AA_%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%99%D7%A8_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%A7" title="ספריית העיר ניו יורק – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ספריית העיר ניו יורק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Perpustakaan_Umum_New_York" title="Perpustakaan Umum New York – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Perpustakaan Umum New York" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3-%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D_%E1%83%91%E1%83%98%E1%83%91%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%9D%E1%83%97%E1%83%94%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ნიუ-იორკის საჯარო ბიბლიოთეკა – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ნიუ-იორკის საჯარო ბიბლიოთეკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Now%C3%B2jorsk%C3%B4_Bibloteka_P%C3%B9bliczn%C3%B4" title="Nowòjorskô Bibloteka Pùblicznô – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Nowòjorskô Bibloteka Pùblicznô" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliotheca_Publica_Novi_Eboraci" title="Bibliotheca Publica Novi Eboraci – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Bibliotheca Publica Novi Eboraci" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%85ujorkas_publisk%C4%81_bibliot%C4%93ka" title="Ņujorkas publiskā bibliotēka – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ņujorkas publiskā bibliotēka" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Niujorko_vie%C5%A1oji_biblioteka" title="Niujorko viešoji biblioteka – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Niujorko viešoji biblioteka" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%AC%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF" title="ന്യൂയോർക്ക് പബ്ലിക് ലൈബ്രറി – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ന്യൂയോർക്ക് പബ്ലിക് ലൈബ്രറി" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%8B%E3%83%A5%E3%83%BC%E3%83%A8%E3%83%BC%E3%82%AF%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9B%B3%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="ニューヨーク公共図書館 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ニューヨーク公共図書館" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bibliot%C3%A8ca_Publica_de_N%C3%B2va_York" title="Bibliotèca Publica de Nòva York – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Bibliotèca Publica de Nòva York" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%8A%E0%A8%AF%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%AC%E0%A9%8D%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%87%E0%A8%B0%E0%A9%80" title="ਨਿਊਯਾਰਕ ਪਬਲਿਕ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਨਿਊਯਾਰਕ ਪਬਲਿਕ ਲਾਇਬ੍ਰੇਰੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DA%A9_%D9%BE%D8%A8%D9%84%DA%A9_%D9%84%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%A8%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="نیویارک پبلک لائبریری – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="نیویارک پبلک لائبریری" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nowojorska_Biblioteka_Publiczna" title="Nowojorska Biblioteka Publiczna – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Nowojorska Biblioteka Publiczna" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_P%C3%BAblica_de_Nova_Iorque" title="Biblioteca Pública de Nova Iorque – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Biblioteca Pública de Nova Iorque" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biblioteca_Public%C4%83_din_New_York" title="Biblioteca Publică din New York – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Biblioteca Publică din New York" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B1%D0%B8%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нью-Йоркская публичная библиотека – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Нью-Йоркская публичная библиотека" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Javna_knji%C5%BEnica_v_New_Yorku" title="Javna knjižnica v New Yorku – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Javna knjižnica v New Yorku" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8E%D8%A8%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%95%DB%8C_%DA%AF%D8%B4%D8%AA%DB%8C%DB%8C_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%88%DB%8C%DB%86%D8%B1%DA%A9" title="کتێبخانەی گشتیی نیویۆرک – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="کتێبخانەی گشتیی نیویۆرک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njujor%C5%A1ka_javna_biblioteka" title="Njujorška javna biblioteka – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Njujorška javna biblioteka" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="New York Public Library – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="New York Public Library" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A8%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%81_%E0%AE%A8%E0%AF%82%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="நியூயார்க் பொது நூலகம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="நியூயார்க் பொது நூலகம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AB%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%81" title="หอสมุดประชาชนนิวยอร์ก – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="หอสมุดประชาชนนิวยอร์ก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York_Halk_K%C3%BCt%C3%BCphanesi" title="New York Halk Kütüphanesi – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="New York Halk Kütüphanesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D1%8C%D1%8E-%D0%99%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BA%D1%81%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%BF%D1%83%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%B1%D1%96%D0%B1%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BE%D1%82%D0%B5%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Нью-Йоркська публічна бібліотека – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Нью-Йоркська публічна бібліотека" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%C6%B0_vi%E1%BB%87n_C%C3%B4ng_c%E1%BB%99ng_New_York" title="Thư viện Công cộng New York – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thư viện Công cộng New York" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sulod-Barasahan_Publiko_han_New_York" title="Sulod-Barasahan Publiko han New York – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Sulod-Barasahan Publiko han New York" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="纽约公共图书馆 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="纽约公共图书馆" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E7%B4%84%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%A4%A8" title="紐約公共圖書館 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="紐約公共圖書館" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%BA%BD%E7%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%85%B1%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86" title="纽约公共图书馆 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="纽约公共图书馆" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q219555#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library" title="View the content page [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Article</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:New_York_Public_Library" rel="discussion" title="Discuss 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class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&action=edit&oldid=1260637543" title="New York Public Library">edit</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-12-01T21:18:36Z"></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle2"><a href="/wiki/User:Basalmnine" class="mw-userlink" title="User:Basalmnine" data-mw-revid="1260637543"><bdi>Basalmnine</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/w/index.php?title=User_talk:Basalmnine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Basalmnine (page does not exist)">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Basalmnine" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Basalmnine">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>27</span> edits</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle3"> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses"><span class="autocomment"><a href="#Recent_history">→<bdi dir="ltr">Recent history</bdi></a>: </span> add reference to open source release, link to source for that and to github</span></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle5"></div><div id="mw-diff-otitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&diff=prev&oldid=1260637543" title="New York Public Library" id="differences-prevlink">← Previous edit</a></div></td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-ntitle diff-side-added"><div id="mw-diff-ntitle1"><strong><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&oldid=1260887246" title="New York Public Library">Revision as of 03:09, 3 December 2024</a> <span class="mw-diff-edit"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&action=edit&oldid=1260887246" title="New York Public Library">edit</a></span><span class="mw-diff-timestamp" data-timestamp="2024-12-03T03:09:57Z"></span> <span class="mw-diff-undo"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&action=edit&undoafter=1260637543&undo=1260887246" title=""Undo" reverts this edit and opens the edit form in preview mode. It allows adding a reason in the summary.">undo</a></span></strong></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle2"><a href="/w/index.php?title=User:Spiceynice&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new mw-userlink" title="User:Spiceynice (page does not exist)" data-mw-revid="1260887246"><bdi>Spiceynice</bdi></a> <span class="mw-usertoollinks">(<a href="/wiki/User_talk:Spiceynice" class="mw-usertoollinks-talk" title="User talk:Spiceynice">talk</a> | <a href="/wiki/Special:Contributions/Spiceynice" class="mw-usertoollinks-contribs" title="Special:Contributions/Spiceynice">contribs</a>)</span><div class="mw-diff-usermetadata"><div class="mw-diff-userroles"></div><div class="mw-diff-usereditcount"><span>1</span> edit</div></div></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle3"><abbr class="minoredit" title="This is a minor edit">m</abbr> <span class="comment comment--without-parentheses">Included general updates on programming, classes and workshops currently available at NYPL</span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle5"><span class="mw-tag-markers"><a href="/wiki/Special:Tags" title="Special:Tags">Tags</a>: <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-mw-reverted">Reverted</span> <span class="mw-tag-marker mw-tag-marker-visualeditor"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:VisualEditor">Visual edit</a></span></span></div><div id="mw-diff-ntitle4"><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&diff=next&oldid=1260887246" title="New York Public Library" id="differences-nextlink">Next edit →</a></div></td> </tr><tr> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 135:</td> <td colspan="2" class="diff-lineno">Line 135:</td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>===Community outreach===</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>===Community outreach===</div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="−"></td> <td class="diff-deletedline diff-side-deleted"><div>The New York Public Library offers many services to its patrons. Some of these services include services for immigrants. New York City is known for having a welcoming environment when its comes to people of diverse backgrounds. The library offers free work and life skills classes. These are offered in conjunction with volunteers and partnerships at the library. In addition, the library offers non-English speakers materials and coaching for them to acclimate to the U.S. For these non-English speakers, the library offers free ESOL classes. An initiative was taken in July 2018, NYC library card holders are allowed to visit [[Whitney Museum of American Art|Whitney Museum]], the [[Guggenheim Museum Bilbao|Guggenheim]] and 31 other prominent New York cultural institutions for free.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/16/arts/design/library-card-culture-pass-new-york-museums-free.html|title=A Library Card Will Get You into the Guggenheim (and 32 Other Places)|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 16, 2018|access-date=July 17, 2018|language=en|last1=Chow|first1=Andrew R.|archive-date=July 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717144833/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/16/arts/design/library-card-culture-pass-new-york-museums-free.html|url-status=live}}</ref></div></td> <td class="diff-marker" data-marker="+"></td> <td class="diff-addedline diff-side-added"><div>The New York Public Library offers many services to its patrons. Some of these services include services for immigrants. New York City is known for having a welcoming environment when its comes to people of diverse backgrounds. The library offers free work and life skills classes. These are offered in conjunction with volunteers and partnerships at the library. In addition, the library offers non-English speakers materials and coaching for them to acclimate to the U.S. For these non-English speakers, the library offers free ESOL classes. An initiative was taken in July 2018, NYC library card holders are allowed to visit [[Whitney Museum of American Art|Whitney Museum]], the [[Guggenheim Museum Bilbao|Guggenheim]] and 31 other prominent New York cultural institutions for free.<ref>{{Cite news|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/16/arts/design/library-card-culture-pass-new-york-museums-free.html|title=A Library Card Will Get You into the Guggenheim (and 32 Other Places)|newspaper=The New York Times|date=July 16, 2018|access-date=July 17, 2018|language=en|last1=Chow|first1=Andrew R.|archive-date=July 17, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180717144833/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/16/arts/design/library-card-culture-pass-new-york-museums-free.html|url-status=live<ins class="diffchange diffchange-inline">}}</ref> The New York Public Library now offers creative programming and technology classes for Adults. The creative program currently offers film screenings, talkbacks, book clubs and author talks for members of the public. The technology classes currently include basic computing, coding, photo editing, audio production, and more. The New York Public library offers thousands of classes and workshops for learners at branches across the Bronx, Manhattan, and Staten Island.<ref>{{Cite web |title=Adults |url=https://www.nypl.org/education/adults |access-date=2024-12-03 |website=The New York Public Library |language=en</ins>}}</ref></div></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><br /></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><br /></td> </tr> <tr> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-deleted"><div>===Temporary programs===</div></td> <td class="diff-marker"></td> <td class="diff-context diff-side-added"><div>===Temporary programs===</div></td> </tr>  </table><hr class='diff-hr' id='mw-oldid' /> <h2 class='diff-currentversion-title'>Revision as of 03:09, 3 December 2024</h2> <div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Public library system in New York City</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the main branch at Fifth Avenue and 42nd Street, also frequently referred to as "New York Public Library", see <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">New York Public Library Main Branch</a>.</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Not to be confused with <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Library" title="New York State Library">New York State Library</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="text-align:center;background-color:#ededed;">New York Public Library</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7c/New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg/220px-New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7c/New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg/330px-New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/7/7c/New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg/440px-New_York_Public_Library_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="110" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Public_Building_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Public_Building_Library.jpg/300px-Public_Building_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="300" height="231" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Public_Building_Library.jpg/450px-Public_Building_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Public_Building_Library.jpg/600px-Public_Building_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4788" data-file-height="3688" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">New York Public Library Main Branch</a> in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="14" data-overlays="["_e070fe0bbe317a04342622b5058a29c21b526ef2"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=New_York_Public_Library&revid=1260887246&groups=_e070fe0bbe317a04342622b5058a29c21b526ef2" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,14,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=New_York_Public_Library&revid=1260887246&groups=_e070fe0bbe317a04342622b5058a29c21b526ef2 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=New_York_Public_Library&params=40_45_11_N_73_58_55_W_type:landmark_region:US-NY"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°45′11″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°58′55″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.75306°N 73.98194°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.75306; -73.98194</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">476 <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue_(Manhattan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Fifth Avenue (Manhattan)">Fifth Avenue</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_(state)" title="New York (state)">New York</a>, U.S.</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">May 23, 1895<span class="noprint">; 129 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1895-05-23</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Branches</th><td class="infobox-data">92<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Collection</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Size</th><td class="infobox-data">55 million<sup id="cite_ref-NYPLGFS_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYPLGFS-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Access and use</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Population served</th><td class="infobox-data">3.5 million (the Bronx, Manhattan, and Staten Island)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center;background: #ededed;">Other information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Budget</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>302,208,000 (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-NYPL2017Annual_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYPL2017Annual-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><b>Endowment:</b> $1,448,838,000<sup id="cite_ref-NYPL2017Annual_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYPL2017Annual-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Director</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Anthony_Marx" title="Anthony Marx">Anthony Marx</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_Presidents_of_the_New_York_Public_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Presidents of the New York Public Library">President and CEO</a><br />Brent Reidy, Andrew W. Mellon Director of the Research Libraries<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Employees</th><td class="infobox-data">3,150</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nypl.org">nypl<wbr />.org</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>New York Public Library</b> (<b>NYPL</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Public_library" title="Public library">public library</a> system in New York City. With nearly 53 million items and 92 locations, the New York Public Library is the second-largest public library in the United States behind the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> and the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_libraries" title="List of largest libraries">fourth-largest public library in the world</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a private, non-governmental, independently managed, nonprofit corporation operating with both private and public financing.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The library has branches in the boroughs of <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a> and affiliations with academic and professional libraries in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_metropolitan_area" title="New York metropolitan area">New York metropolitan area</a>. The city's other two boroughs, <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a>, are not served by the New York Public Library system, but rather by their respective borough library systems: the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Public_Library" title="Brooklyn Public Library">Brooklyn Public Library</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Queens_Public_Library" title="Queens Public Library">Queens Public Library</a>. The branch libraries are open to the general public and consist of <a href="/wiki/Lending_library" title="Lending library">circulating libraries</a>. The New York Public Library also has four <a href="/wiki/Research_library" title="Research library">research libraries</a>, which are also open to the general public. </p><p>The library, officially <a href="/wiki/Charter_(New_York)" title="Charter (New York)">chartered</a> as <b>The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations</b>, was developed in the 19th century, founded from an amalgamation of grass-roots libraries and social libraries of bibliophiles and the wealthy, aided by the philanthropy of the wealthiest Americans of their age. </p><p>The "New York Public Library" name may also refer to its <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">Main Branch</a>, which is easily recognizable by its lion statues named Patience and Fortitude that sit either side of the entrance. The branch was declared a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1965,<sup id="cite_ref-nhlsum_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhlsum-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1966,<sup id="cite_ref-nris_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nris-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and designated a <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City Landmark</a> in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-nycl1_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nycl1-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg/260px-New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg/390px-New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg/520px-New_York_Public_Library_1908c.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5268" data-file-height="2996" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">New York Public Library Main Branch</a> during its late stage construction in 1908 with the lion statues not yet installed at the entrance</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gutenberg_Bible,_Lenox_Copy,_New_York_Public_Library,_2009._Pic_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gutenberg_Bible%2C_Lenox_Copy%2C_New_York_Public_Library%2C_2009._Pic_01.jpg/260px-Gutenberg_Bible%2C_Lenox_Copy%2C_New_York_Public_Library%2C_2009._Pic_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gutenberg_Bible%2C_Lenox_Copy%2C_New_York_Public_Library%2C_2009._Pic_01.jpg/390px-Gutenberg_Bible%2C_Lenox_Copy%2C_New_York_Public_Library%2C_2009._Pic_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Gutenberg_Bible%2C_Lenox_Copy%2C_New_York_Public_Library%2C_2009._Pic_01.jpg/520px-Gutenberg_Bible%2C_Lenox_Copy%2C_New_York_Public_Library%2C_2009._Pic_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/James_Lenox" title="James Lenox">Lenox</a> copy of the <a href="/wiki/Gutenberg_Bible" title="Gutenberg Bible">Gutenberg Bible</a> in the New York Public Library</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYPL_portals.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/NYPL_portals.JPG/260px-NYPL_portals.JPG" decoding="async" width="260" height="347" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/NYPL_portals.JPG/390px-NYPL_portals.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/NYPL_portals.JPG/520px-NYPL_portals.JPG 2x" data-file-width="768" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption>Cross-view of classical details in the Main Branch's entrance portico</figcaption></figure> <p>At the behest of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Cogswell" title="Joseph Cogswell">Joseph Cogswell</a>, <a href="/wiki/John_Jacob_Astor" title="John Jacob Astor">John Jacob Astor</a> placed a <a href="/wiki/Codicil_(will)" title="Codicil (will)">codicil</a> in his will to bequeath $400,000 (equivalent of $14.1 million in 2023) for the creation of a public library.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After Astor's death in 1848, the resulting board of trustees executed the will's conditions and constructed the <a href="/wiki/Astor_Library" title="Astor Library">Astor Library</a> in 1854 in the <a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The library created was a free reference library; its books were not permitted to circulate.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 1872, the Astor Library was described in a <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">New York Times</a></i> editorial as a "major reference and research resource",<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but, "Popular it certainly is not, and, so greatly is it lacking in the essentials of a public library, that its stores might almost as well be under lock and key, for any access the masses of the people can get thereto".<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An act of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Legislature" title="New York State Legislature">New York State Legislature</a> incorporated the <a href="/wiki/Lenox_Library_(New_York_City)" title="Lenox Library (New York City)">Lenox Library</a> in 1870.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library was built on <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a>, between 70th and 71st Streets, in 1877. <a href="/wiki/Bibliophilia" title="Bibliophilia">Bibliophile</a> and philanthropist <a href="/wiki/James_Lenox" title="James Lenox">James Lenox</a> donated a vast collection of his <a href="/wiki/Americana_(culture)" title="Americana (culture)">Americana</a>, art works, manuscripts, and rare books,<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> including the first <a href="/wiki/Gutenberg_Bible" title="Gutenberg Bible">Gutenberg Bible</a> in the <a href="/wiki/New_World" title="New World">New World</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At its inception, the library charged admission and did not permit physical access to any literary items.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Former <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor of New York</a> and presidential candidate <a href="/wiki/Samuel_J._Tilden" title="Samuel J. Tilden">Samuel J. Tilden</a> believed that a library with citywide reach was required, and upon his death in 1886, he <a href="/wiki/Bequest" class="mw-redirect" title="Bequest">bequeathed</a> the bulk of his fortune—about <span class="nowrap">$2.4 million</span> (equivalent of $81 million in 2023)—to "establish and maintain a free library and reading room in the city of New York".<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This money would sit untouched in a <a href="/wiki/Tilden_Trust" title="Tilden Trust">trust</a> for several years, until <a href="/wiki/John_Bigelow" title="John Bigelow">John Bigelow</a>, a New York attorney, and <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Haswell_Green" title="Andrew Haswell Green">Andrew Haswell Green</a>, both trustees of the Tilden fortune, came up with an idea to merge two of the city's largest libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Both the Astor and Lenox libraries were struggling financially. Although New York City already had <a href="/wiki/List_of_libraries_in_19th-century_New_York_City" title="List of libraries in 19th-century New York City">numerous libraries</a> in the 19th century, almost all of them were privately funded and many charged admission or usage fees (a notable exception was <a href="/wiki/Cooper_Union" title="Cooper Union">Cooper Union</a>, which opened its free reading room to the public in 1859).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bigelow, the most prominent supporter of the plan to merge the two libraries found support in <a href="/wiki/Lewis_Cass_Ledyard" title="Lewis Cass Ledyard">Lewis Cass Ledyard</a>, a member of the Tilden Board, as well as <a href="/wiki/John_Lambert_Cadwalader" title="John Lambert Cadwalader">John Cadwalader</a>, on the Astor board. Eventually, <a href="/wiki/John_Stewart_Kennedy" title="John Stewart Kennedy">John Stewart Kennedy</a>, president of the Lenox board, also came to support the plan. </p><p>On May 23, 1895, Bigelow, Cadwalader, and <a href="/wiki/George_L._Rives" title="George L. Rives">George L. Rives</a> agreed to create "The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations".<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The plan was hailed as an example of private philanthropy for the public good.<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On December 11, <a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Billings" title="John Shaw Billings">John Shaw Billings</a> was named as the library's first director.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_19-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newly established library consolidated with the grass-roots <a href="/wiki/New_York_Free_Circulating_Library" title="New York Free Circulating Library">New York Free Circulating Library</a> in February 1901.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March, <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Carnegie" title="Andrew Carnegie">Andrew Carnegie</a> tentatively agreed to donate <span class="nowrap">$5.2 million</span> (equivalent of $190 million in 2023) to construct sixty-five <a href="/wiki/Carnegie_library" title="Carnegie library">branch libraries</a> in the city, with the requirement that they be operated and maintained by the City of New York.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Brooklyn and Queens public library systems, which predated the <a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1898-1945)" class="mw-redirect" title="History of New York City (1898-1945)">consolidation of New York City</a>, eschewed the grants offered to them and did not join the NYPL system; they believed that they would not get treatment equal to the <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> and <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a> counterparts.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Later, in 1901, Carnegie formally signed a contract with the City of New York to transfer his donation to the city in order to enable it to justify purchasing the land for building the branch libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NYPL Board of trustees hired consultants for the planning, and accepted their recommendation that a limited number of architectural firms be hired to build the Carnegie libraries; this would ensure uniformity of appearance and minimize cost. The trustees hired <a href="/wiki/McKim,_Mead_%26_White" title="McKim, Mead & White">McKim, Mead & White</a>, <a href="/wiki/Carr%C3%A8re_and_Hastings" title="Carrère and Hastings">Carrère and Hastings</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Walter_Cook_(architect)" class="mw-redirect" title="Walter Cook (architect)">Walter Cook</a> to design all the branch libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>New York author <a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving" title="Washington Irving">Washington Irving</a> was a close friend of Astor for decades and had helped the philanthropist design the Astor Library. Irving served as President of the library's Board of Trustees from 1848 until his death in 1859, shaping the library's collecting policies with his strong sensibility regarding European intellectual life.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Subsequently, the library hired nationally prominent experts to guide its collections policies; they reported directly to directors <a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Billings" title="John Shaw Billings">John Shaw Billings</a> (who also developed the <a href="/wiki/National_Library_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="National Library of Medicine">National Library of Medicine</a>), <a href="/wiki/Edwin_H._Anderson" title="Edwin H. Anderson">Edwin H. Anderson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_M._Lydenberg" title="Harry M. Lydenberg">Harry M. Lydenberg</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Franklin_F._Hopper&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Franklin F. Hopper (page does not exist)">Franklin F. Hopper</a>, Ralph A. Beals, and Edward Freehafer (1954–1970).<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They emphasized expertise, objectivity, and a very broad worldwide range of knowledge in acquiring, preserving, organizing, and making available to the general population nearly 12 million books and 26.5 million additional items.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The directors in turn reported to an elite board of trustees, chiefly elderly, well-educated, philanthropic, predominantly Protestant, upper-class white men with commanding positions in American society. They saw their role as protecting the library's autonomy from politicians as well as bestowing upon it status, resources, and prudent care.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Representative of many major board decisions was the purchase in 1931 of the private library of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich (1847–1909), uncle of the last <a href="/wiki/Tsar" title="Tsar">tsar</a>. This was one of the largest acquisitions of Russian books and photographic materials; at the time, the Soviet government had a policy of selling its cultural collections abroad for gold.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Related collections include a significant number of important works by Russian photographers, and photographs related to the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Romanov" title="House of Romanov">House of Romanov</a> and Russia expert <a href="/wiki/George_Kennan_(explorer)" title="George Kennan (explorer)">George Kennan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The military drew extensively from the library's map and book collections in the world wars, including hiring its staff. For example, the Map Division's chief Walter Ristow was appointed as head of the geography section of the War Department's New York Office of Military Intelligence from 1942 to 1945. Ristow and his staff discovered, copied, and loaned thousands of strategic, rare or unique maps to war agencies in need of information not available through other sources.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Research_libraries">Research libraries</h3></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Main_branch_building">Main branch building</h4></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">New York Public Library Main Branch</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:New_york_public_library_1948.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/New_york_public_library_1948.jpg/260px-New_york_public_library_1948.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/New_york_public_library_1948.jpg/390px-New_york_public_library_1948.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c2/New_york_public_library_1948.jpg/520px-New_york_public_library_1948.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1379" data-file-height="1111" /></a><figcaption><i>Patience</i> and <i>Fortitude</i>, the "Library Lion" statues, in a December 1948 snowstorm</figcaption></figure> <p>The organizers of the New York Public Library, wanting an imposing main branch, chose a central site along <a href="/wiki/Fifth_Avenue" title="Fifth Avenue">Fifth Avenue</a> between 40th and 42nd Streets, on top of the <a href="/wiki/Croton_Distributing_Reservoir" title="Croton Distributing Reservoir">Croton Reservoir</a>. <a href="/wiki/John_Shaw_Billings" title="John Shaw Billings">John Shaw Billings</a>, the first director of the library, created an initial design that became the basis of the new building containing a huge reading room on top of seven floors of book stacks, combined with a system that was designed to get books into the hands of library users as fast as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The architectural firm <a href="/wiki/Carr%C3%A8re_and_Hastings" title="Carrère and Hastings">Carrère and Hastings</a> constructed the structure in the <a href="/wiki/Beaux-Arts_architecture" title="Beaux-Arts architecture">Beaux-Arts</a> style, and the structure opened on May 23, 1911.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was the largest marble structure up to that time in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-NYT20071220_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NYT20071220-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg/220px-Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg/330px-Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg/440px-Brenner_New_York_Public_Library_Seal.jpg 2x" data-file-width="729" data-file-height="942" /></a><figcaption>The Library's historical seal, designed by sculptor <a href="/wiki/Victor_David_Brenner" title="Victor David Brenner">Victor David Brenner</a> in 1909, best known for designing the <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_penny" class="mw-redirect" title="Lincoln penny">Lincoln penny</a>. Though rarely used, the seated personification of wisdom appears on plaques at several branches.</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch#Fifth_Avenue_elevation" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">two stone lions</a> guarding the entrance were sculpted by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Clark_Potter" title="Edward Clark Potter">E.C. Potter</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and carved by the <a href="/wiki/Piccirilli_Brothers" title="Piccirilli Brothers">Piccirilli Brothers</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Its main reading room was contemporaneously the largest of its kind in the world at 77 ft (23 m) wide by 295 ft (90 m) long, with 50-foot-high (15 m) ceilings.<sup id="cite_ref-TNYS19110409_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TNYS19110409-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An expansion in the 1970s and 1980s added storage space under <a href="/wiki/Bryant_Park" title="Bryant Park">Bryant Park</a>, directly west of the library. The structure was given a major restoration from 2007 to 2011,<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> underwritten by a $100 million gift from philanthropist <a href="/wiki/Stephen_A._Schwarzman" title="Stephen A. Schwarzman">Stephen A. Schwarzman</a>, for whom the branch was subsequently renamed.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Today, the branch's main reading room is equipped with computers with access to library collections and the Internet as well as docking facilities for laptops. A Fellows program makes reserved rooms available for writers and scholars, selected annually, and many have accomplished important research and writing at the library.<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Main Branch also contains several historic designations. It was declared a <a href="/wiki/National_Historic_Landmark" title="National Historic Landmark">National Historic Landmark</a> in 1965,<sup id="cite_ref-nhlsum_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhlsum-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> listed on the <a href="/wiki/National_Register_of_Historic_Places" title="National Register of Historic Places">National Register of Historic Places</a> in 1966,<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and designated a <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Landmarks_Preservation_Commission" title="New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission">New York City designated landmark</a> in 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Astor Hall, first-to-third-floor stairs, and McGraw Rotunda were designated as interior landmarks in 1974.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the Rose Main Reading Room and Public Catalog Room were separately made New York City designated landmarks in 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-Plitt_20172_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Plitt_20172-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Other_research_branches">Other research branches</h4></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SIBL.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/SIBL.jpg/220px-SIBL.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/SIBL.jpg/330px-SIBL.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/SIBL.jpg/440px-SIBL.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Science,_Industry_and_Business_Library" title="Science, Industry and Business Library">Science, Industry and Business Library</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the 1990s, the New York Public Library decided to relocate that portion of the research collection devoted to science, technology, and business to a new location. The library purchased and adapted the former <a href="/wiki/B._Altman_%26_Company_Building" class="mw-redirect" title="B. Altman & Company Building">B. Altman & Company Building</a> on <a href="/wiki/34th_Street_(Manhattan)" title="34th Street (Manhattan)">34th Street</a>. In 1995, the 100th anniversary of the founding of the library, the <span class="nowrap">$100 million</span> <a href="/wiki/Science,_Industry_and_Business_Library" title="Science, Industry and Business Library">Science, Industry and Business Library</a> (SIBL), designed by <a href="/wiki/Gwathmey_Siegel_%26_Associates" class="mw-redirect" title="Gwathmey Siegel & Associates">Gwathmey Siegel & Associates</a> of Manhattan, opened to the public. Upon the creation of the SIBL, the central research library on 42nd Street was renamed the Humanities and Social Sciences Library. </p><p>Today there are four research libraries that comprise the NYPL's research library system; together they hold approximately 44 million items. Total item holdings, including the collections of the Branch Libraries, are <span class="nowrap">50.6 million</span>. The Humanities and Social Sciences Library on 42nd Street is still the heart of the NYPL's research library system. The SIBL, with approximately <span class="nowrap">two million</span> volumes and 60,000 periodicals, is the nation's largest public library devoted solely to science and business.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NYPL's two other research libraries are the <a href="/wiki/Schomburg_Center_for_Research_in_Black_Culture" title="Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture">Schomburg Center for Research and Black Culture</a>, located at 135th Street and Lenox Avenue in <a href="/wiki/Harlem" title="Harlem">Harlem</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">New York Public Library for the Performing Arts</a>, located at <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Center" title="Lincoln Center">Lincoln Center</a>. In addition to their reference collections, the Library for the Performing Arts and the SIBL also have circulating components that are administered as ordinary branch libraries. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg/220px-Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg/330px-Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg/440px-Drexel_4180_front_recto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Recto of a 16th-century <a href="/wiki/Music_manuscript" title="Music manuscript">music manuscript</a> found in the front pastedown of <a href="/wiki/Drexel_4180%E2%80%944185" class="mw-redirect" title="Drexel 4180—4185">Drexel 4180</a>, a manuscript in the Music Division of the New York Public Library</figcaption></figure> <p>The New York Public Library was not created by government statute. From its earliest days, the library was formed from a partnership of city government with private philanthropy.<sup id="cite_ref-plhist_13-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2010, the research libraries in the system are largely funded with private money, and the branch or circulating libraries are financed primarily with city government funds. Until 2009, the research and branch libraries operated almost entirely as separate systems, but that year various operations were merged. By early 2010, the NYPL staff had been reduced by about 16 percent, in part through the consolidations.<sup id="cite_ref-ktmsm_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ktmsm-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, as part of the consolidation program, the NYPL moved various back-office operations to a new <a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Community_College#S_Building" title="LaGuardia Community College">Library Services Center building</a> in Long Island City. A former warehouse was renovated for this purpose for <span class="nowrap">$50 million</span>. In the basement, a new, <span class="nowrap">$2.3 million</span> book sorter uses bar codes on library items to sort them for delivery to 132 branch libraries. At two-thirds the length of a football field, the machine is the largest of its kind in the world, according to library officials. Books located in one branch and requested from another go through the sorter, the use of which has cut waiting times by at least a day. Together with 14 library employees, the machine can sort 7,500 items an hour (or 125 a minute). On the first floor of the Library Services Center is an ordering and cataloging office; on the second, the digital imaging department (formerly at the Main Branch building) and the manuscripts and archives division, where the air is kept cooler; on the third, the Barbara Goldsmith Preservation Division, with a staff of 10 (as of 2010) but designed for as many as 30 employees.<sup id="cite_ref-ktmsm_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ktmsm-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NYPL maintains a force of NYC special patrolmen, who provide security and protection to various libraries, and NYPL special investigators, who oversee security operations at the library facilities. These officials have on-duty arrest authority granted by the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Penal_Law" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Penal Law">New York Penal Law</a>. Some library branches contract for security guards. </p><p>In 2014 NYPL launched a project called "Library Simplified", to address the difficulties that patrons were having checking out e-books, especially compared to the process for buying them.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By 2016 the project had produced an app called "SimplyE", which the library launched that year; patrons could explore and check-out ebooks from multiple vendors, with just a few clicks.<sup id="cite_ref-SimplyE-launch_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SimplyE-launch-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The library released the code for SimplyE <a href="/wiki/Open_source" title="Open source">open source</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-SimplyE-launch_49-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SimplyE-launch-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To celebrate its 125th anniversary in 2020, the NYPL calculated a list of its most checked out books. Topping the list was <a href="/wiki/Ezra_Jack_Keats" title="Ezra Jack Keats">Ezra Jack Keats</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/The_Snowy_Day" title="The Snowy Day">The Snowy Day</a></i>, with <i><a href="/wiki/The_Cat_in_the_Hat" title="The Cat in the Hat">The Cat in the Hat</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/Nineteen_Eighty-Four" title="Nineteen Eighty-Four">Nineteen Eighty-Four</a></i> rounding out the top three.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Until 2021, the NYPL charged a late fee of $0.25 per day per book; other types of items had different late fees, and seniors and disabled patrons paid lower late fees. The library system's president, <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Marx" title="Anthony Marx">Anthony Marx</a>, indicated his intention to eliminate late fees after assuming the library's presidency in 2011.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The NYPL stopped charging late fees on October 5, 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-Pruitt-Young_2021_b579_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pruitt-Young_2021_b579-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Existing debts have since been cleared from the records of all NYPL patrons.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On November 26, 2023, Sunday services were discontinued at select branches where it was offered; along with reduced programs for adults and children.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This followed months of contentious budget negotiations between the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Council" title="New York City Council">City Council</a> and Mayor <a href="/wiki/Eric_Adams" title="Eric Adams">Eric Adams</a>, with Adams claiming that the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_migrant_housing_crisis" title="New York City migrant housing crisis">New York City migrant housing crisis</a> necessitated the budget cuts.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The $12.6 million in city spending for the NYPL represents 0.02% of the city's 2024 budget of $110 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-Stratman_2023_o211_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stratman_2023_o211-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Funding for Sunday service was restored in June 2024.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="BookOps">BookOps</h3></div> <p>In February 2013, the New York and <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Public_Library" title="Brooklyn Public Library">Brooklyn</a> public libraries announced that they would merge their technical services departments. The new department is called BookOps. The proposed merger anticipates a savings of $2 million for the Brooklyn Public Library and $1.5 million for the New York Public Library. Although not currently part of the merger, it is expected that the <a href="/wiki/Queens_Public_Library" title="Queens Public Library">Queens Public Library</a> will eventually share some resources with the other city libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2011, circulation in the New York Public Library systems and <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Public_Library" title="Brooklyn Public Library">Brooklyn Public Library</a> systems has increased by 59%. Located in <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_City" title="Long Island City">Long Island City</a>, BookOps was created as a way to save money while improving patrons service.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The services of BookOps include the Selection Team which "acquires, describes, prepares, and delivers new items for the circulating collections of Brooklyn Public Library (BPL) and New York Public Library, and for the general collections of NYPL's research libraries." Under the Selection Team are the Acquisitions Department, the Cataloging Department, The Collections Processing Unit, and the Logistics Department.<sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Before this facility opened, all the aforementioned departments were housed in different locations with no accountability between them, and items sometimes taking up to two weeks to reach their intended destination. BookOps now has all departments in one building and in 2015 sorted almost eight million items.<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The building has numerous rooms, including a room dedicated to caring for damaged books.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Controversies">Controversies</h3></div> <p>The consolidations and changes in collections have promoted continuing debate and controversy since 2004 when <a href="/wiki/David_Ferriero" title="David Ferriero">David Ferriero</a> was named the Andrew W. Mellon Director and Chief Executive of the Research Libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> NYPL had engaged consultants <a href="/wiki/Booz_Allen_Hamilton" title="Booz Allen Hamilton">Booz Allen Hamilton</a> to survey the institution, and Ferriero endorsed the survey's report as a big step "in the process of reinventing the library".<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The consolidation program has resulted in the elimination of subjects such as the Asian and Middle East Division (formerly named Oriental Division), as well as the Slavic and Baltic Division.<sup id="cite_ref-Nation_69-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Nation-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A number of innovations in recent years have been criticized. In 2004 NYPL announced participation in the <a href="/wiki/Google_Books_Library_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Books Library Project">Google Books Library Project</a>. By agreement between Google and major international libraries, selected collections of public domain books would be scanned in their entirety and made available online for free to the public.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The negotiations between the two partners called for each to project guesses about ways that libraries are likely to expand in the future.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the terms of the agreement, the data cannot be crawled or harvested by any other search engine; no downloading or redistribution is allowed. The partners and a wider community of research libraries can share the content.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The sale of the separately endowed former <a href="/wiki/Donnell_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Donnell Library">Donnell Library</a> in midtown provoked controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The elimination of Donnell was a result of the dissolution of children's, young adult and foreign language collections. The Donnell Media Center was also dismantled, the bulk of its collection relocated at the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">New York Public Library for the Performing Arts</a> as the Reserve Film and Video Collection, with parts of its collection redistributed.<sup id="cite_ref-answers3_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-answers3-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The site was redeveloped for a luxury hotel. </p><p>Several veteran librarians have retired, and the number of age-level specialists in the boroughs have been cut back.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:908px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Rose Main Reading Room"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg/900px-NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg" decoding="async" width="900" height="421" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg/1350px-NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg/1800px-NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4238" data-file-height="1981" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_Public_Library_Research_Room_Jan_2006.jpg" title="File:NYC Public Library Research Room Jan 2006.jpg"> </a></div>Rose Main Reading Room</div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Branch_libraries">Branch libraries</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Public_Library_Branches" class="mw-redirect" title="List of New York Public Library Branches">List of New York Public Library Branches</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Epiphany_Library.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Epiphany_Library.jpg/220px-Epiphany_Library.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="300" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Epiphany_Library.jpg/330px-Epiphany_Library.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/10/Epiphany_Library.jpg/440px-Epiphany_Library.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1608" data-file-height="2192" /></a><figcaption>The Epiphany Branch on East 23rd Street in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The New York Public Library system maintains commitment as a public lending library through its branch libraries in <a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">the Bronx</a>, <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a>, including the Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library (formerly: Mid-Manhattan Library), the <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Heiskell_Braille_and_Talking_Book_Library" title="Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library">Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library</a>, the circulating collections of the <a href="/wiki/Science,_Industry_and_Business_Library" title="Science, Industry and Business Library">Science, Industry and Business Library</a>, and the circulating collections of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">New York Public Library for the Performing Arts</a>. The branch libraries comprise the third-largest library in the United States.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These circulating libraries offer a wide range of collections, programs, and services, including the renowned Picture Collection at Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library and the Media Center, redistributed from Donnell. </p><p>The system has 40 libraries in Manhattan, 35 in the Bronx, and 14 in Staten Island. The newest is the Charleston Library, which opened on March 16, 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2022, the New York Public Library consisted of 4 research centers and 89 neighborhood branch libraries in the three boroughs served.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> All libraries in the NYPL system may be used free of charge by all visitors. </p><p>As of 2019<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=New_York_Public_Library&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, the research collections contain 46.8 million items (books, videotapes, maps, etc.), while the branch libraries contain 9.9 million items.<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together the collections total nearly <span class="nowrap">53 million</span> items, a number surpassed only by the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> and the <a href="/wiki/British_Library" title="British Library">British Library</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ASK_NYPL">ASK NYPL</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYPL_Christmas.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/NYPL_Christmas.JPG/220px-NYPL_Christmas.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/NYPL_Christmas.JPG/330px-NYPL_Christmas.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/NYPL_Christmas.JPG/440px-NYPL_Christmas.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Christmas_tree" title="Christmas tree">Christmas tree</a> at Astor Hall adjacent to the main entrance to the NYPL's main branch</figcaption></figure> <p>Telephone Reference, known as ASK NYPL,<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> answers 100,000 questions per year, by phone and online,<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as in <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-83" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Website_and_digital_holdings">Website and digital holdings</h3></div> <p>The Library website provides access to the library's catalogs, online collections and subscription databases. It also has information about the library's free events, exhibitions, computer classes and <a href="/wiki/English_as_a_Second_Language" class="mw-redirect" title="English as a Second Language">English as a Second Language</a> (ESL) classes.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The two online catalogs, LEO<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (which searches the circulating collections) and CATNYP (which searches the research collections) allow users to search the library's holdings of books, journals and other materials. The LEO system allows cardholders to request books from any branch and have them delivered to any branch. </p><p>The NYPL gives cardholders free access from home to thousands of current and historical magazines, newspapers, journals and reference books in subscription databases, including <a href="/wiki/EBSCOhost" class="mw-redirect" title="EBSCOhost">EBSCOhost</a>, which contains full text of major magazines; full text of the <i><a href="/wiki/New_York_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="New York Times">New York Times</a></i> (1995–present), Gale's Ready Reference Shelf which includes the <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Associations" title="Encyclopedia of Associations">Encyclopedia of Associations</a></i> and periodical indexes, <i><a href="/wiki/Books_in_Print" class="mw-redirect" title="Books in Print">Books in Print</a></i>;<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and <a href="/wiki/Ulrich%27s_Periodicals_Directory" title="Ulrich's Periodicals Directory">Ulrich's Periodicals Directory</a>. The New York Public Library also links to outside resources, such as the <a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_Labor_Statistics" title="Bureau of Labor Statistics">Bureau of Labor Statistics</a>' <i><a href="/wiki/Occupational_Outlook_Handbook" title="Occupational Outlook Handbook">Occupational Outlook Handbook</a></i>, and the <a href="/wiki/CIA" class="mw-redirect" title="CIA">CIA</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/World_Factbook" class="mw-redirect" title="World Factbook">World Factbook</a></i>. Databases are available for children, teenagers, and adults of all ages.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NYPL Digital Collections (formerly named Digital Gallery)<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> is a database of over 900,000 images digitized from the library's collections. The Digital Collections was named one of <i><a href="/wiki/Time_Magazine" class="mw-redirect" title="Time Magazine">Time Magazine</a></i><span class="nowrap" style="padding-left:0.1em;">'</span>s 50 Coolest Websites of 2005<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Best Research Site of 2006 by an international panel of museum professionals.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <i>Photographers' Identities Catalog</i> (PIC<span class="anchor" id="PIC"></span>) is an experimental online service of the <i>Photography Collection</i> in the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">Stephen A. Schwarzman Building</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other databases available only from within the library include <i><a href="/wiki/Nature_(journal)" title="Nature (journal)">Nature</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/IEEE" class="mw-redirect" title="IEEE">IEEE</a> and <a href="/wiki/Wiley_science_journals" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiley science journals">Wiley science journals</a>, <i><a href="/wiki/Wall_Street_Journal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wall Street Journal">Wall Street Journal</a></i> archives, and <a href="/wiki/Factiva" title="Factiva">Factiva</a>. Overall, the digital holdings for the Library consist of more than a petabyte of data as of 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>NYPL cardholders can download free e-books via the SimplyE app and website.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As part of the Books for All program, a limited number of books in the NYPL's collection, which have been <a href="/wiki/Book_banning_in_the_United_States_(2021%E2%80%93present)" title="Book banning in the United States (2021–present)">banned elsewhere in the United States</a>, are also available to anyone in the U.S. via the SimplyE app.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="One_NYPL">One NYPL</h4></div> <p>In 2006, the library adopted a new strategy that merged branch and research libraries into "One NYPL". The organizational change developed a unified online catalog for all the collections, and one card to that could be used at both branch and research libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-answers3_74-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-answers3-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The 2009 website and online-catalog transition had some initial difficulties, but ultimately the catalogues were integrated.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Community_Oral_History_Project">Community Oral History Project</h3></div> <p>NYPL's Community Oral History Project shares New York City's neighborhoods and diverse people by documenting history through collected stories.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Oral History Project includes people living in Greenwich Village, Harlem, Washington Heights and Inwood, Times Square, Hell's Kitchen, Soho, Lower East Side, Chinatown, and Kips Bay as well as <a href="/w/index.php?title=NYC_Transgender_Oral_History_Project&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NYC Transgender Oral History Project (page does not exist)">Transgender</a>, Latino Americans, Veterans, and Disability Experience.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Community_outreach">Community outreach</h3></div> <p>The New York Public Library offers many services to its patrons. Some of these services include services for immigrants. New York City is known for having a welcoming environment when its comes to people of diverse backgrounds. The library offers free work and life skills classes. These are offered in conjunction with volunteers and partnerships at the library. In addition, the library offers non-English speakers materials and coaching for them to acclimate to the U.S. For these non-English speakers, the library offers free ESOL classes. An initiative was taken in July 2018, NYC library card holders are allowed to visit <a href="/wiki/Whitney_Museum_of_American_Art" class="mw-redirect" title="Whitney Museum of American Art">Whitney Museum</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Guggenheim_Museum_Bilbao" title="Guggenheim Museum Bilbao">Guggenheim</a> and 31 other prominent New York cultural institutions for free.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The New York Public Library now offers creative programming and technology classes for Adults. The creative program currently offers film screenings, talkbacks, book clubs and author talks for members of the public. The technology classes currently include basic computing, coding, photo editing, audio production, and more. The New York Public library offers thousands of classes and workshops for learners at branches across the Bronx, Manhattan, and Staten Island.<sup id="cite_ref-101" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Temporary_programs">Temporary programs</h3></div> <p>In June 2017, Subway Library was announced.<sup id="cite_ref-102" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It was an initiative between the New York Public Library, Brooklyn Public Library, Queens Public Library, the <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Transit_Wireless" title="Transit Wireless">Transit Wireless</a>. The Subway Library gave <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> riders access to e-books, excerpts, and short stories.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2></div> <p>Like all public libraries in New York, the NYPL is granted a <a href="/wiki/Charter_(New_York)" title="Charter (New York)">charter</a> from the <a href="/wiki/Board_of_Regents_of_the_University_of_the_State_of_New_York" title="Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York">Board of Regents of the University of the State of New York</a> and is registered with the <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Education_Department" title="New York State Education Department">New York State Education Department</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_105-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The basic powers and duties of all library boards of trustees are defined in the <a href="/wiki/Consolidated_Laws_of_New_York" title="Consolidated Laws of New York">Education Law</a> and are subject to Part 90 of Title 8 of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_Codes,_Rules_and_Regulations" title="New York Codes, Rules and Regulations">New York Codes, Rules and Regulations</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-handbook_105-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-handbook-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The NYPL's charter, as restated and granted in 1975, gives the name of the corporation as <i>The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations</i>. The library is governed by a board of trustees, composed of between 25 and 42 trustees of several classes who collectively choose their own successors, including <i>ex officio</i> the <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_New_York_City" title="Mayor of New York City">New York City Mayor</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Council" title="New York City Council">New York City Council Speaker</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Comptroller" title="New York City Comptroller">New York City Comptroller</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Other_New_York_City_library_systems">Other New York City library systems</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca,_1910-1920.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca%2C_1910-1920.jpg/220px-Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca%2C_1910-1920.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="172" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca%2C_1910-1920.jpg/330px-Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca%2C_1910-1920.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/98/Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca%2C_1910-1920.jpg/440px-Main_Reading_Room_of_the_New_York_City_Public_Library_on_5th_Avenue_ca%2C_1910-1920.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8780" data-file-height="6856" /></a><figcaption>The Main Branch Reading Room, <abbr title="circa">c.</abbr><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> 1910–1920</span></figcaption></figure> <p>The New York Public Library is one of three separate and independent public library systems in New York City. The other two library systems are the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Public_Library" title="Brooklyn Public Library">Brooklyn Public Library</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Queens_Public_Library" title="Queens Public Library">Queens Public Library</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the 2006 <i>Mayor's Management Report,</i> New York City's three public library systems had a total library circulation of 35 million: the NYPL and BPL (with 143 branches combined) had a circulation of <span class="nowrap">15 million</span>, and the Queens system had a circulation of <span class="nowrap">20 million</span> through its 62 branch libraries. Altogether the three library systems hosted <span class="nowrap">37 million</span> visitors in 2006. Taken as a whole, the three library systems in the city have 209 branches with 63 million items in their collections. </p><p>Other libraries in New York City, some of which can be used by the public, are listed in the Directory of Special Libraries and Information Centers.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_impact">Cultural impact</h2></div> <p>The historian <a href="/wiki/David_McCullough" title="David McCullough">David McCullough</a> has described the New York Public Library as one of the five most important libraries in the United States; the others are the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Boston_Public_Library" title="Boston Public Library">Boston Public Library</a>, and the university libraries of <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Harvard University Library">Harvard</a> and <a href="/wiki/Yale_University_Library" title="Yale University Library">Yale</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The New York Public Library was a founding member of the <a href="/wiki/Research_Libraries_Group" title="Research Libraries Group">Research Libraries Group</a>, alongside <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Libraries" title="Columbia University Libraries">Columbia</a>, Harvard, and Yale Libraries.<sup id="cite_ref-110" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Along with <a href="/wiki/Harvard_University" title="Harvard University">Harvard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University" title="Princeton University">Princeton</a>, NYPL is a member of the Research Collections and Preservation Consortium (ReCAP), and shares an off-site shelving facility in <a href="/wiki/Plainsboro,_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Plainsboro, New Jersey">Plainsboro, New Jersey</a> with the three <a href="/wiki/Ivy_League" title="Ivy League">Ivy League</a> universities.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="In_popular_culture">In popular culture</h3></div> <p>The New York Public Library has been <a href="/wiki/Lists_of_references_to_the_New_York_Public_Library_in_popular_culture" class="mw-redirect" title="Lists of references to the New York Public Library in popular culture">referenced numerous times in popular culture</a>. The library has appeared as a setting and topic multiple times in film, poetry, television, and music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_York_City" title="Education in New York City">Education in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Books_Library_Project" class="mw-redirect" title="Google Books Library Project">Google Books Library Project</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_and_cultural_institutions_in_New_York_City" title="List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City">List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Miller_Collection" title="Benjamin Miller Collection">Benjamin Miller Collection</a>, collection of posted stamps</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ira_D._Wallach" title="Ira D. Wallach">Ira D. Wallach</a>, namesake of the Miriam and Ira D. Wallach Division of Art, Prints and Photographs</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Public_Library_Desk_Reference" title="The New York Public Library Desk Reference">The New York Public Library Desk Reference</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Public_Library_branches" title="List of New York Public Library branches">List of New York Public Library branches</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_New_York_Public_Library" title="List of presidents of the New York Public Library">List of presidents of the New York Public Library</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <p><b>Notes</b> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl">"About The New York Public Library"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220127043118/https://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl">Archived</a> from the original on January 27, 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 18,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+The+New+York+Public+Library&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Fhelp%2Fabout-nypl&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYPLGFS-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYPLGFS_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/sites/default/files/Facts__Figures_v2_0.pdf">"New York Public Library General Fact Sheet"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Nypl.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140902105714/http://www.nypl.org/sites/default/files/Facts__Figures_v2_0.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on September 2, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">November 24,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+York+Public+Library+General+Fact+Sheet&rft.pub=Nypl.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2FFacts__Figures_v2_0.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYPL2017Annual-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NYPL2017Annual_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NYPL2017Annual_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nypl.org/sites/default/files/17788_annual_report_2017_130718_online.pdf">"New York Public Library Annual Report 2017"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Nypl.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180920011130/https://www.nypl.org/sites/default/files/17788_annual_report_2017_130718_online.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on September 20, 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 19,</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+York+Public+Library+Annual+Report+2017&rft.pub=Nypl.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2F17788_annual_report_2017_130718_online.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/leadership/marx">"President and Leadership"</a>. Nypl.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110430142437/http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/leadership/marx">Archived</a> from the original on April 30, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">September 17,</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=President+and+Leadership&rft.pub=Nypl.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Fhelp%2Fabout-nypl%2Fleadership%2Fmarx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBurke2015" class="citation news cs1">Burke, Pat (July 2, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cioinsight.com/it-strategy/cloud-virtualization/cto-takes-the-new-york-public-library-digital.html">"CTO Takes the New York Public Library Digital"</a>. <i>CIO Insight</i>. Quinstreet Enterprise<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 12,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CIO+Insight&rft.atitle=CTO+Takes+the+New+York+Public+Library+Digital&rft.date=2015-07-02&rft.aulast=Burke&rft.aufirst=Pat&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cioinsight.com%2Fit-strategy%2Fcloud-virtualization%2Fcto-takes-the-new-york-public-library-digital.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>The New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations. Financial Statements and Supplemental Schedules, June 2016</i>, p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nhlsum-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-nhlsum_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-nhlsum_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071205070817/http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=393&ResourceType=Building">"New York Public Library"</a>. <i>National Historic Landmark summary listing</i>. National Park Service. September 16, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tps.cr.nps.gov/nhl/detail.cfm?ResourceId=393&ResourceType=Building">the original</a> on December 5, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Historic+Landmark+summary+listing&rft.atitle=New+York+Public+Library&rft.date=2007-09-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftps.cr.nps.gov%2Fnhl%2Fdetail.cfm%3FResourceId%3D393%26ResourceType%3DBuilding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nris-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nris_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071002195303/http://www.nr.nps.gov/">"National Register Information System"</a>. <i>National Register of Historic Places</i>. National Park Service. January 23, 2007. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nr.nps.gov/">the original</a> on October 2, 2007.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=National+Register+of+Historic+Places&rft.atitle=National+Register+Information+System&rft.date=2007-01-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nr.nps.gov%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-nycl1-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-nycl1_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170107055059/http://www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org/db/bb_files/NY-PUBLIC-LIBRARY-5TH-AVE.pdf">"New York Public Library"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission. January 11, 1967. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org/db/bb_files/NY-PUBLIC-LIBRARY-5TH-AVE.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on January 7, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 24,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=New+York+Public+Library&rft.pub=New+York+City+Landmarks+Preservation+Commission&rft.date=1967-01-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.neighborhoodpreservationcenter.org%2Fdb%2Fbb_files%2FNY-PUBLIC-LIBRARY-5TH-AVE.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLydenberg1916a">Lydenberg 1916a</a>, pp. 556–563.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLydenberg1916a">Lydenberg 1916a</a>, pp. 563–573.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLydenberg1916a">Lydenberg 1916a</a>, pp. 573–574.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-plhist-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-plhist_13-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/history">"History of the New York Public Library"</a>. nypl.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110605110150/http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/history">Archived</a> from the original on June 5, 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 12,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+the+New+York+Public+Library&rft.pub=nypl.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nypl.org%2Fhelp%2Fabout-nypl%2Fhistory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C0CE7DE1F39E73ABC4C52DFB7668389669FDE">"Editorial: Free Public Libraries"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. January 14, 1872. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305143713/http://query.nytimes.com/gst/abstract.html?res=9C0CE7DE1F39E73ABC4C52DFB7668389669FDE">Archived</a> from the original on March 5, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 19,</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Editorial%3A+Free+Public+Libraries&rft.date=1872-01-14&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fquery.nytimes.com%2Fgst%2Fabstract.html%3Fres%3D9C0CE7DE1F39E73ABC4C52DFB7668389669FDE&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">An Act to Incorporate the Trustees of the Lenox Library (<a href="/wiki/Laws_of_New_York" title="Laws of New York">L. 1870</a>, ch. 2; L. 1892, ch. 166).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLydenberg1916b">Lydenberg 1916b</a>, p. 688; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1870-01-24/ed-1/seq-4/">A Superb Gift</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110717033251/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1870-01-24/ed-1/seq-4/">Archived</a> July 17, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLydenberg1916b">Lydenberg 1916b</a>, pp. 685–689.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLydenberg1916b">Lydenberg 1916b</a>, pp. 690, 694–695.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_19-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReed2011">Reed 2011</a>, pp. 1–10.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolleran2019" class="citation magazine cs1">Holleran, Sam (May 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://placesjournal.org/article/cooper-union-free-as-air-and-water/">"Free as air and water"</a>. <i>Places Journal</i>. No. 2019. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.22269%2F190507">10.22269/190507</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:189736575">189736575</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210125014118/https://placesjournal.org/article/cooper-union-free-as-air-and-water/">Archived</a> from the original on January 25, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 21,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Places+Journal&rft.atitle=Free+as+air+and+water&rft.issue=2019&rft.date=2019-05&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.22269%2F190507&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A189736575%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Holleran&rft.aufirst=Sam&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fplacesjournal.org%2Farticle%2Fcooper-union-free-as-air-and-water%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-04-14/ed-1/seq-16/">"Lent Eleven Million Books"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/New-York_Tribune" title="New-York Tribune">New-York Tribune</a></i>. April 14, 1901. p. 16. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140513012331/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-04-14/ed-1/seq-16/">Archived</a> from the original on May 13, 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Lent+Eleven+Million+Books&rft.pages=16&rft.date=1901-04-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030214%2F1901-04-14%2Fed-1%2Fseq-16%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200315123503/https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/03/17/117957380.html">"City Will Accept Mr. Carnegie's Libraries; Formal Action by the Board of Estimate to Be Taken To-morrow"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. March 17, 1901. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://timesmachine.nytimes.com/timesmachine/1901/03/17/117957380.html">the original</a> on March 15, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">July 25,</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=City+Will+Accept+Mr.+Carnegie%27s+Libraries%3B+Formal+Action+by+the+Board+of+Estimate+to+Be+Taken+To-morrow.&rft.date=1901-03-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftimesmachine.nytimes.com%2Ftimesmachine%2F1901%2F03%2F17%2F117957380.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-03-16/ed-1/seq-1/">"Carnegie Offers City Big Gift"</a>. <i>New-York Tribune</i>. March 16, 1901. pp. 1–2. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121010044001/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-03-16/ed-1/seq-1/">Archived</a> from the original on October 10, 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=New-York+Tribune&rft.atitle=Carnegie+Offers+City+Big+Gift&rft.pages=1-2&rft.date=1901-03-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030214%2F1901-03-16%2Fed-1%2Fseq-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/article/the-brooklyn-daily-eagle-say-special-act/127029721/">"Say Special Act Is Needed to Accept Carnegie Gift"</a>. <i>The Brooklyn Daily Eagle</i>. March 17, 1901. p. 1<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">June 13,</span> 2024</span> – via Newspapers.com.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Brooklyn+Daily+Eagle&rft.atitle=Say+Special+Act+Is+Needed+to+Accept+Carnegie+Gift&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1901-03-17&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.newspapers.com%2Farticle%2Fthe-brooklyn-daily-eagle-say-special-act%2F127029721%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.newspapers.com/image/542619032/">"The Carnegie Libraries"</a>. <i>The Standard Union</i>. July 18, 1901. p. 6<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+World&rft.atitle=Library+Plans+All+Right+Now%3A+Carnegie+Approves+Controller+Coler+Contracts&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1901-09-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030193%2F1901-09-09%2Fed-1%2Fseq-3%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-09-10/ed-1/seq-6/">Carnegie Approves the Contracts</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130704034009/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1901-09-10/ed-1/seq-6/">Archived</a> July 4, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.search.proquest.com/docview/96155738">Mr. Carnegie's Libraries (New York Times September 10, 1901)</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Van Slyck (1995), pp. 113–114.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMyers1968" class="citation magazine cs1">Myers, Andrew (1968). 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May 23, 1911. p. 1. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130704033148/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1911-05-23/ed-1/seq-1/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 8,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+World&rft.atitle=50%2C000+People+at+the+Dedication+of+the+City%27s+Great+Library%3B+Taft+and+Dix+Take+Part&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1911-05-23&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030193%2F1911-05-23%2Fed-1%2Fseq-1%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span>; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1911-05-24/ed-1/seq-3/">New Public Library Formally Dedicated</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130704034254/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030214/1911-05-24/ed-1/seq-3/">Archived</a> July 4, 2013, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NYT20071220-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NYT20071220_36-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPogrebin2007" class="citation news cs1">Pogrebin, Robin (December 20, 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130531090134/http://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/20/nyregion/20library.html">"A Centennial Face-Lift for a Beaux-Arts Gem"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2007/12/20/nyregion/20library.html">the original</a> on May 31, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 6,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=A+Centennial+Face-Lift+for+a+Beaux-Arts+Gem&rft.date=2007-12-20&rft.aulast=Pogrebin&rft.aufirst=Robin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2007%2F12%2F20%2Fnyregion%2F20library.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1911-11-02/ed-1/seq-9/">"Sculptor Potter Hurt"</a>. <i>The Evening World</i>. November 2, 1911. p. 9. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130704034946/http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1911-11-02/ed-1/seq-9/">Archived</a> from the original on July 4, 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Evening+World&rft.atitle=Sculptor+Potter+Hurt&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1911-11-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030193%2F1911-11-02%2Fed-1%2Fseq-9%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span>; cf. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1912-05-13/ed-1/seq-3/;words=lions+Potter+sculptor?date1=1897&rows=20&searchType=basic&state=&date2=1912&proxtext=potter+AND+sculptor+AND+lions&y=16&x=16&dateFilterType=yearRange&index=0">Cupid Turns Him from Study of Theology to Art</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128002022/https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn83030193/1912-05-13/ed-1/seq-3/?date1=1897&index=0&date2=1912&searchType=basic&state=&rows=20&proxtext=potter+AND+sculptor+AND+lions&y=16&x=16&dateFilterType=yearRange#words=lions%2BPotter%2Bsculptor">Archived</a> November 28, 2023, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/library-lions">The Library Lions</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120108180736/http://www.nypl.org/help/about-nypl/library-lions">Archived</a> January 8, 2012, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPotter1910" class="citation book cs1">Potter, Edward Clark (1910). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://siris-artinventories.si.edu/ipac20/ipac.jsp?session=14N43451K5148.30131&profile=ariall&source=~!siartinventories&view=subscriptionsummary&uri=full=3100001~!18277~!13&ri=2&aspect=Browse&menu=search&ipp=20&spp=20&staffonly=&term=Potter,+Edward+Clark,+1857-1923,+sculptor.&index=AUTHOR&uindex=&aspect=Browse&menu=search&ri=2"><i>Lions</i></a>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 9,</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Sun&rft.atitle=The+New+York+Public+Library&rft.pages=9&rft.date=1911-04-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn83030272%2F1911-04-09%2Fed-1%2Fseq-16%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">"<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bestplaces.nydailynews.com/voyeur/new-york-public-library-gets-50m-facelift-100th-birthday">New York Public Library gets a 50M facelift for 100th birthday"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110206113052/http://bestplaces.nydailynews.com/voyeur/new-york-public-library-gets-50m-facelift-100th-birthday">Archived</a> February 6, 2011, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <i>New York Daily News,</i> 2011-02-02, accessed February 5, 2011.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSantora2008" class="citation news cs1">Santora, Marc (April 23, 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/nyregion/23library.html?dlbk">"After Big Gift, a New Name for the Library"</a>. <i>New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170701014623/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/23/nyregion/23library.html?dlbk">Archived</a> from the original on July 1, 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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(June 1, 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=l8mIFaw53JUC&dq=%22columbia%22+library+new+york+library+harvard+yale&pg=PA293"><i>Encyclopedia of Library and Information Science: Volume 25 - Publishers and the Library to Rochester: University of Rochester Library</i></a>. CRC Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-2025-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8247-2025-4"><bdi>978-0-8247-2025-4</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231128002028/https://books.google.com/books?id=l8mIFaw53JUC&dq=%22columbia%22+library+new+york+library+harvard+yale&pg=PA293#v=onepage&q=%22columbia%22%20library%20new%20york%20library%20harvard%20yale&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 28, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 6,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+Library+and+Information+Science%3A+Volume+25+-+Publishers+and+the+Library+to+Rochester%3A+University+of+Rochester+Library&rft.pub=CRC+Press&rft.date=1978-06-01&rft.isbn=978-0-8247-2025-4&rft.aulast=Kent&rft.aufirst=Allen&rft.au=Lancour%2C+Harold&rft.au=Daily%2C+Jay+E.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dl8mIFaw53JUC%26dq%3D%2522columbia%2522%2Blibrary%2Bnew%2Byork%2Blibrary%2Bharvard%2Byale%26pg%3DPA293&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://chronicle.com/article/Debate-at-NY-Public-Library-/131615/">"Debate at N.Y. Public Library: Can Off-Site Storage Work for Researchers?"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140502001733/http://chronicle.com/article/Debate-at-NY-Public-Library-/131615/">Archived</a> May 2, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> Jennifer Howard. April 22, 2012. Chronicle of Higher Education.</span> </li> </ol></div> <p><b>Bibliography</b> </p> <ul><li>Chapman, Carleton B. <i>Order out of Chaos: John Shaw Billings and America's Coming of Age</i> (1994)</li> <li>Dain, Phyllis. <i>The New York Public Library: A History of Its Founding and Early Years</i> (1973)</li> <li>Dain, Phyllis. “Harry M. Lydenberg and American Library Resources: A Study in Modern Library Leadership.” <i>The Library Quarterly: Information, Community, Policy</i> 47, no. 4 (1977): 451–69.</li> <li>Davis, Donald G. Jr and Tucker, John Mark (1989). <i>American Library History: a comprehensive guide to the literature</i>. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO, Inc. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-87436-142-7" title="Special:BookSources/0-87436-142-7">0-87436-142-7</a></li> <li>Glynn, Tom, <i>Reading Publics: New York City's Public Libraries, 1754–1911</i> (Fordham University Press, 2015). xii, 447 pp.</li> <li>Harris, Michael H. and Davis, Donald G. Jr. (1978). <i>American Library History: a bibliography</i>. Austin: University of Texas <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-292-70332-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-292-70332-5">0-292-70332-5</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLydenberg1916a" class="citation magazine cs1">Lydenberg, Harry Miller (1916a). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/bulletin20newyuoft#page/555/mode/2up">"History of the New York Public Library: Part I"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the New York Public Library</i>. Vol. 20. pp. 555–619.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+New+York+Public+Library&rft.atitle=History+of+the+New+York+Public+Library%3A+Part+I&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=555-619&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Lydenberg&rft.aufirst=Harry+Miller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fbulletin20newyuoft%23page%2F555%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLydenberg1916b" class="citation magazine cs1">Lydenberg, Harry Miller (1916b). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/stream/bulletin20newyuoft#page/n729/mode/2up">"History of the New York Public Library: Part III"</a>. <i>Bulletin of the New York Public Library</i>. Vol. 20. pp. 685–734.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Bulletin+of+the+New+York+Public+Library&rft.atitle=History+of+the+New+York+Public+Library%3A+Part+III&rft.volume=20&rft.pages=685-734&rft.date=1916&rft.aulast=Lydenberg&rft.aufirst=Harry+Miller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fstream%2Fbulletin20newyuoft%23page%2Fn729%2Fmode%2F2up&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLydenburg1923" class="citation book cs1">Lydenburg, Harry Miller (1923). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://digitalcollections.nypl.org/items/645a8810-85f4-0131-a4a9-58d385a7b928"><i>History of the New York Public Library, Astor, Lenox and Tilden Foundations</i></a>. The New York Public Library.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+New+York+Public+Library%2C+Astor%2C+Lenox+and+Tilden+Foundations&rft.pub=The+New+York+Public+Library&rft.date=1923&rft.aulast=Lydenburg&rft.aufirst=Harry+Miller&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdigitalcollections.nypl.org%2Fitems%2F645a8810-85f4-0131-a4a9-58d385a7b928&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Myers, Andrew B. <i>The Worlds of Washington Irving: 1783–1859</i> (1974)</li> <li>Reed, Henry Hope. <i>The New York Public Library: Its Architecture and Decoration</i> (1986)</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFReed2011" class="citation book cs1">Reed, Henry Hope (2011). <i>The New York Public Library: The Architecture and Decoration of the Stephen A. Schwarzman Building</i>. New York, NY: W.W. Norton and Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-393-07810-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-393-07810-7"><bdi>978-0-393-07810-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+New+York+Public+Library%3A+The+Architecture+and+Decoration+of+the+Stephen+A.+Schwarzman+Building&rft.place=New+York%2C+NY&rft.pub=W.W.+Norton+and+Company&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-393-07810-7&rft.aulast=Reed&rft.aufirst=Henry+Hope&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li>Sherman, Scott (2015). <i>Patience and fortitude : power, real estate, and the fight to save a public library</i>, Brooklyn; London : Melville House, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-61219-429-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-61219-429-5">978-1-61219-429-5</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVan_Slyck1995" class="citation book cs1">Van Slyck, Abigail A. (1995). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/freetoallcarnegi0000vans"><i>Free to All: Carnegie Libraries & American Culture, 1890–1920</i></a>. Chicago: IL: University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-226-85031-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-226-85031-5"><bdi>0-226-85031-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Free+to+All%3A+Carnegie+Libraries+%26+American+Culture%2C+1890%E2%80%931920&rft.place=Chicago%3A+IL&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1995&rft.isbn=0-226-85031-5&rft.aulast=Van+Slyck&rft.aufirst=Abigail+A.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Ffreetoallcarnegi0000vans&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Further reading</b> </p> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRabinaPeet2014" class="citation journal cs1">Rabina, Debbie; Peet, Lisa (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5860%2Frusq.54n2.52">"Meeting a Composite of User Needs Amidst Change and Controversy: The Case of the New York Public Library"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Reference_%26_User_Services_Quarterly" class="mw-redirect" title="Reference & User Services Quarterly">Reference & User Services Quarterly</a></i>. <b>54</b> (2): 52–59. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5860%2Frusq.54n2.52">10.5860/rusq.54n2.52</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1094-9054">1094-9054</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/refuseserq.54.2.52">refuseserq.54.2.52</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Reference+%26+User+Services+Quarterly&rft.atitle=Meeting+a+Composite+of+User+Needs+Amidst+Change+and+Controversy%3A+The+Case+of+the+New+York+Public+Library&rft.volume=54&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=52-59&rft.date=2014&rft.issn=1094-9054&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2Frefuseserq.54.2.52%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5860%2Frusq.54n2.52&rft.aulast=Rabina&rft.aufirst=Debbie&rft.au=Peet%2C+Lisa&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5860%252Frusq.54n2.52&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="https://query.wikidata.org/embed.html#SELECT%20%3FWikidata_item_%20%3FWikidata_item_Label%20%3Fvalue%20%3FvalueLabel%20%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20%23Show%20data%20in%20this%20order%0A%7B%0A%09%3FWikidata_item_%20wdt%3AP2750%20%3Fvalue%20.%20%23Collecting%20all%20items%20which%20have%20P2750%20data%2C%20from%20whole%20Wikidata%20item%20pages%0A%09OPTIONAL%20%7B%3FEnglish_Wikipedia_article%20schema%3Aabout%20%3FWikidata_item_%3B%20schema%3AisPartOf%20%3Chttps%3A%2F%2Fen.wikipedia.org%2F%3E%20.%7D%20%23If%20collected%20item%20has%20link%20to%20English%20Wikipedia%2C%20show%20that%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20%7B%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22en%22%20%20%7D%20%23Show%20label%20in%20this%20language.%20%22en%22%20is%20English.%20%20%20%0A%7D%0ALIMIT%201000">uses</a></span>)</li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nypl.org/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://topics.nytimes.com/top/reference/timestopics/organizations/n/new_york_public_library/index.html">New York Public Library</a> collected news and commentary at <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://teachinghistory.org/history-content/website-reviews/14688">Teachinghistory.org review of NYPL website <i>American Shores</i></a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikisource-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/15px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></a></span> Texts on Wikisource: <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLydenberg1905" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Harry_M._Lydenberg" title="Harry M. Lydenberg">Lydenberg, H. M.</a> (1905). "<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_International_Encyclop%C3%A6dia/New_York_Public_Library" class="extiw" title="s:The New International Encyclopædia/New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/New_International_Encyclopedia" class="mw-redirect" title="New International Encyclopedia">New International Encyclopedia</a></i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=New+York+Public+Library&rft.btitle=New+International+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1905&rft.aulast=Lydenberg&rft.aufirst=H.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_Student%27s_Reference_Work/New_York_Public_Library" class="extiw" title="s:The New Student's Reference Work/New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>". <i><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_New_Student%27s_Reference_Work" class="extiw" title="s:The New Student's Reference Work">The New Student's Reference Work</a></i>. 1914.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=New+York+Public+Library&rft.btitle=The+New+Student%27s+Reference+Work&rft.date=1914&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/The_Encyclopedia_Americana_(1920)/New_York_Public_Library" class="extiw" title="s:The Encyclopedia Americana (1920)/New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_Americana" title="Encyclopedia Americana">Encyclopedia Americana</a></i>. 1920.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=New+York+Public+Library&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+Americana&rft.date=1920&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">"<a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Collier%27s_New_Encyclopedia_(1921)/New_York_Public_Library" class="extiw" title="s:Collier's New Encyclopedia (1921)/New York Public Library">New York Public Library</a>". <i><a href="/wiki/Collier%27s_Encyclopedia" title="Collier's Encyclopedia">Collier's New Encyclopedia</a></i>. 1921.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=New+York+Public+Library&rft.btitle=Collier%27s+New+Encyclopedia&rft.date=1921&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANew+York+Public+Library" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gutenberg.org/ebooks/author/33035">Works by New York Public Library</a> at <a href="/wiki/Project_Gutenberg" title="Project Gutenberg">Project Gutenberg</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/search.php?query=%28%22New+York+Public+Library%22%29">Works by or about New York Public Library</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Internet_Archive" title="Internet Archive">Internet Archive</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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articles"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Index of New York City-related articles</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%">By topic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City" title="History of New York City">History</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_York_City" title="Timeline of New York City">timeline</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neighborhoods_in_New_York_City" title="Neighborhoods in New York City">Neighborhoods</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_ethnic_enclaves" title="New York City ethnic enclaves">ethnic enclaves</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_New_York_City" title="Architecture of New York City">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco_architecture_of_New_York_City" title="Art Deco architecture of New York City">Art Deco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings,_sites,_and_monuments_in_New_York_City" title="List of buildings, sites, and monuments in New York City">monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_New_York_City" title="List of tallest buildings in New York City">skyscrapers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_New_York_City" title="List of people from New York City">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_in_New_York_City" title="Media in New York City">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_New_York_City" title="Economy of New York City">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_based_in_New_York_City" title="List of companies based in New York City">companies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_New_York_City" title="Geography of New York City">Geography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_New_York_City" title="Climate of New York City">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flags_of_New_York_City" title="Flags of New York City">Flags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_issues_in_New_York_City" title="Environmental issues in New York City">Environmental issues</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Environment_of_New_York_City" title="Environment of New York City">environment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Food_and_water_in_New_York_City" title="Food and water in New York City">food and water</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rats_in_New_York_City" title="Rats in New York City">rats</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_New_York_City" title="Demographics of New York City">Demographics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Demographic_history_of_New_York_City" title="Demographic history of New York City">history</a></li></ul></li> <li>Directories <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_directories" title="Brooklyn directories">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_directories" title="New York City directories">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens_directories" title="Queens directories">Queens</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wordmark of New York"><img alt="Wordmark of New York" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg/60px-NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg/90px-NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg/120px-NYC_Logo_Wolff_Olins.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="88" data-file-height="29" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Boroughs_of_New_York_City" title="Boroughs of New York City"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Boroughs</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Bronx" title="The Bronx">The Bronx</a> (Bronx County)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn" title="Brooklyn">Brooklyn</a> (Kings County)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a> (New York County)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens" title="Queens">Queens</a> (Queens County)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a> (Richmond County)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Government_of_New_York_City" title="Government of New York City"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Government</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_New_York_City" title="Mayor of New York City">Mayor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_mayoral_elections" title="New York City mayoral elections">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Council" title="New York City Council">Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_president" title="Borough president">Borough presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_boards_of_New_York_City" title="Community boards of New York City">Community Districts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_New_York_City" title="Politics of New York City">Politics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_agencies" title="List of New York City agencies">City agencies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toilets_in_New_York_City" title="Toilets in New York City">Toilets</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%">Emergency services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hospitals_in_New_York_City" title="List of hospitals in New York City">Hospitals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Fire_Department" title="New York City Fire Department">Fire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department" title="New York City Police Department">Police</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Crime_in_New_York_City" title="Crime in New York City">crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_enforcement_in_New_York_City" title="Law enforcement in New York City">law enforcement</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Emergency_Management" title="New York City Emergency Management">Emergency Management</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transportation_in_New_York_City" title="Transportation in New York City"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Transportation</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_transportation_in_New_York_City" title="History of transportation in New York City">History</a></li> <li>Entities <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Transportation" title="New York City Department of Transportation">DOT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Board_of_Transportation" title="New York City Board of Transportation">former BOT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vision_Zero_(New_York_City)" title="Vision Zero (New York City)">Vision Zero Initiative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_and_New_Jersey" title="Port Authority of New York and New Jersey">Port Authority</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Transportation_Authority" title="Metropolitan Transportation Authority">Metropolitan Transportation Authority</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">Subway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MTA_Regional_Bus_Operations" title="MTA Regional Bus Operations">Bus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Railway" title="Staten Island Railway">Staten Island Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PATH_(rail_system)" title="PATH (rail system)">PATH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bridges_and_tunnels_in_New_York_City" title="List of bridges and tunnels in New York City">Bridges and tunnels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Streets_in_New_York_City" title="Category:Streets in New York City">Streets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aviation_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Aviation in the New York metropolitan area">Airports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_International_Airport" title="John F. Kennedy International Airport">John F. Kennedy International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LaGuardia_Airport" title="LaGuardia Airport">LaGuardia Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newark_Liberty_International_Airport" title="Newark Liberty International Airport">Newark Liberty International Airport</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_New_York_City" title="Culture of New York City"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Culture</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_arts_organizations" title="New York City arts organizations">Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Books_about_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="Books about New York City">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_gardens_in_New_York_City" title="Community gardens in New York City">Community gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuisine_of_New_York_City" title="Cuisine of New York City">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_English" title="New York City English">Dialect</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_accent" title="New York accent">accent</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Farmers%27_markets_in_New_York_City" title="Farmers' markets in New York City">Farmers' markets</a></li> <li>Libraries <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Public_Library" title="Brooklyn Public Library">Brooklyn</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York (Manhattan, the Bronx, Staten Island)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queens_Public_Library" title="Queens Public Library">Queens</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_and_cultural_institutions_in_New_York_City" title="List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_York_City" title="Music of New York City">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicknames_of_New_York_City" title="Nicknames of New York City">Nicknames</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Big_Apple" title="Big Apple">Big Apple</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sixth_borough" title="Sixth borough">"Sixth borough"</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sports_in_the_New_York_metropolitan_area" title="Sports in the New York metropolitan area">Sports</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_games_of_New_York_City" title="Traditional games of New York City">Traditional games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_New_York_City" title="Tourism in New York City">Tourism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_City_gardens" title="List of New York City gardens">gardens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_New_York_City_landmarks" title="Lists of New York City landmarks">landmarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_parks_in_New_York_City" title="List of parks in New York City">parks</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_York_City" title="Education in New York City"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">Education</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Education" title="New York City Department of Education">Dept. of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_public_elementary_schools_in_New_York_City" title="List of public elementary schools in New York City">Elementary schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_high_schools_in_New_York_City" title="List of high schools in New York City">High schools</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_colleges_and_universities_in_New_York_City" title="List of colleges and universities in New York City">Colleges</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City" title="History of New York City"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#000000">History</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_New_York_City" title="Timeline of New York City">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(prehistory%E2%80%931664)" title="History of New York City (prehistory–1664)">Prehistory-1664</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Amsterdam" title="New Amsterdam">New Amsterdam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1665%E2%80%931783)" title="History of New York City (1665–1783)">1665–1783</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1784%E2%80%931854)" title="History of New York City (1784–1854)">1784–1854</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1855%E2%80%931897)" title="History of New York City (1855–1897)">1855–1897</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_in_the_American_Civil_War" title="New York City in the American Civil War">Civil War</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bronx" title="West Bronx">Annexed District (1874)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Bronx" title="East Bronx">East Bronx expansion (1895)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Greater_New_York" title="City of Greater New York">1898 expansion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1898%E2%80%931945)" title="History of New York City (1898–1945)">1898–1945</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1946%E2%80%931977)" title="History of New York City (1946–1977)">1946–1977</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_New_York_City_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="History of New York City (1978–present)">1978–present</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/September_11_attacks" title="September 11 attacks">9/11 terror attacks</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/COVID-19_pandemic_in_the_United_States" title="COVID-19 pandemic in the United States">COVID-19 pandemic</a> and <a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Delta_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Delta variant">Delta</a><a href="/wiki/SARS-CoV-2_Omicron_variant" title="SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant">cron</a> hybrid variant (2020–2021)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_Day_(New_York_City)" title="Moving Day (New York City)">Moving Day</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tammany_Hall" title="Tammany Hall">Tammany Hall</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3" style="background:#FF6600; color:#000000;;font-weight:bold; color:#000000;"><div> <ul><li><i><b><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/48px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/64px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York_City" title="Portal:New York City">New York City portal</a></b></i></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:New_York_City" title="Category:New York City"><span style="color:#000000;">Category</span></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Libraries_in_New_York_City" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Libraries_in_New_York_City" title="Template:Libraries in New York City"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Libraries_in_New_York_City" title="Template talk:Libraries in New York City"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Libraries_in_New_York_City" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Libraries in New York City"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Libraries_in_New_York_City" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Libraries in New York City</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Public<br />Library</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Public_Library_branches" title="List of New York Public Library branches">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Main libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">Main Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">Library for the Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schomburg_Center_for_Research_in_Black_Culture" title="Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture">Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Branch libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_Library" title="53rd Street Library">53rd Street Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/115th_Street_Library" title="115th Street Library">115th Street Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Library_Center" title="Bronx Library Center">Bronx Library Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Grange_Library" title="Hamilton Grange Library">Hamilton Grange Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Heiskell_Braille_and_Talking_Book_Library" title="Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library">Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Market_Library" title="Jefferson Market Library">Jefferson Market Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottendorfer_Public_Library_and_Stuyvesant_Polyclinic_Hospital" title="Ottendorfer Public Library and Stuyvesant Polyclinic Hospital">Ottendorfer Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavros_Niarchos_Foundation_Library" title="Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library">Stavros Niarchos Foundation Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yorkville_Library" title="Yorkville Library">Yorkville Branch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Public_Library" title="Brooklyn Public Library">Brooklyn Public<br />Library</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Brooklyn_Public_Library_branches" title="List of Brooklyn Public Library branches">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Central_Library_(Brooklyn_Public_Library)" title="Central Library (Brooklyn Public Library)">Central Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cortelyou_Library" title="Cortelyou Library">Cortelyou Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macon_Library" title="Macon Library">Macon Branch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Queens_Public_Library" title="Queens Public Library">Queens Public<br />Library</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Queens_Public_Library_branches" title="List of Queens Public Library branches">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Children%27s_Library_Discovery_Center" title="Children's Library Discovery Center">Children's Library Discovery Center</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Carnegie_libraries_in_New_York_City" title="List of Carnegie libraries in New York City">Carnegie libraries</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and<br />universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_University_of_New_York" title="City University of New York">City University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/William_and_Anita_Newman_Library" title="William and Anita Newman Library">Baruch College (Newman Library)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Community_College_Library" title="Bronx Community College Library">Bronx Community College Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lloyd_Sealy_Library" title="Lloyd Sealy Library">John Jay College (Lloyd Sealy Library)</a></li></ul></li> <li>Columbia University <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University_Libraries" title="Columbia University Libraries">Columbia University Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_W._Diamond_Law_Library" title="Arthur W. Diamond Law Library">Arthur W. Diamond Law Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avery_Architectural_and_Fine_Arts_Library" title="Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library">Avery Architectural and Fine Arts Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burke_Library" title="Burke Library">Burke Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Butler_Library" title="Butler Library">Butler Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C.V._Starr_East_Asian_Library" title="C.V. Starr East Asian Library">C.V. Starr East Asian Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewish_Theological_Seminary_Library" title="Jewish Theological Seminary Library">Jewish Theological Seminary Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gottesman_Libraries" title="Gottesman Libraries">Gottesman Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rare_Book_%26_Manuscript_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Rare Book & Manuscript Library">Rare Book & Manuscript Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Walsh_Family_Library" title="William D. Walsh Family Library">Fordham University (William D. Walsh Family Library)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fogelman_Social_Sciences_and_Humanities_Library" title="Fogelman Social Sciences and Humanities Library">The New School (Fogelman Library)</a></li> <li>New York University <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elmer_Holmes_Bobst_Library" title="Elmer Holmes Bobst Library">Elmer Holmes Bobst Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamiment_Library_and_Robert_F._Wagner_Archives" title="Tamiment Library and Robert F. Wagner Archives">Tamiment Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pratt_Institute_Libraries" title="Pratt Institute Libraries">Pratt Institute Libraries</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and<br />other institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frick_Art_Reference_Library" class="mw-redirect" title="Frick Art Reference Library">Frick Art Reference Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LuEsther_T._Mertz_Library" title="LuEsther T. Mertz Library">LuEsther T. Mertz Library</a></li> <li>Metropolitan Museum of Art <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Goldwater_Library" title="Robert Goldwater Library">Robert Goldwater Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_J._Watson_Library" title="Thomas J. Watson Library">Thomas J. Watson Library</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgan_Library_%26_Museum" title="Morgan Library & Museum">Morgan Library & Museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fort_Schuyler" title="Fort Schuyler">Stephen B. Luce Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Agudas_Chassidei_Chabad" title="Library of Agudas Chassidei Chabad">Agudas Chassidei Chabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Austrian_Cultural_Forum_New_York" title="Austrian Cultural Forum New York">Austrian Cultural Forum New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_Notation_Bureau" title="Dance Notation Bureau">Dance Notation Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Free_Black_Women%27s_Library" title="The Free Black Women's Library">The Free Black Women's Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grolier_Club" title="Grolier Club">Grolier Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Free_Library_and_Reading_Room" title="Huntington Free Library and Reading Room">Huntington Free Library and Reading Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interference_Archive" title="Interference Archive">Interference Archive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japan_Society_(Manhattan)" title="Japan Society (Manhattan)">Japan Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Livingston_Library" title="Livingston Library">Livingston Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_New_York_Library_Council" title="Metropolitan New York Library Council">Metropolitan New York Library Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Academy_of_Medicine" title="New York Academy of Medicine">New York Academy of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New-York_Historical_Society" class="mw-redirect" title="New-York Historical Society">New-York Historical Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Law_Institute" title="New York Law Institute">New York Law Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Mercantile_Library" title="New York Mercantile Library">New York Mercantile Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Society_Library" title="New York Society Library">New York Society Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Business_%26_Career_Library" title="Business & Career Library">(BPL:) Business & Career Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science,_Industry_and_Business_Library" title="Science, Industry and Business Library">(NYPL:) Science, Industry, and Business Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and<br />universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Low_Memorial_Library" title="Low Memorial Library">Columbia: Low Memorial Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adam_and_Sophie_Gimbel_Design_Library" title="Adam and Sophie Gimbel Design Library">The New School: Adam and Sophie Gimbel Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gould_Memorial_Library" title="Gould Memorial Library">NYU/BCC: Gould Memorial Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Museums and<br />other institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Heritage_Foundation_of_America" title="Kurdish Heritage Foundation of America">Kurdish Heritage Foundation of America</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Astor_Library" title="Astor Library">Astor Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenox_Library_(New_York_City)" title="Lenox Library (New York City)">Lenox Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>See also:</i> <a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_York_City" title="Education in New York City">Education in New York City</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Education_in_Manhattan" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Education_in_Manhattan" title="Template:Education in Manhattan"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Education_in_Manhattan" title="Template talk:Education in Manhattan"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Education_in_Manhattan" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Education in Manhattan"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Education_in_Manhattan" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Education in <a href="/wiki/Manhattan" title="Manhattan">Manhattan</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Includes <a href="/wiki/Governors_Island" title="Governors Island">Governors Island</a> and <a href="/wiki/Roosevelt_Island" title="Roosevelt Island">Roosevelt Island</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/47_The_American_Sign_Language_and_English_Secondary_School" title="47 The American Sign Language and English Secondary School">47 The American Sign Language and English Secondary School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bard_High_School_Early_College" title="Bard High School Early College">Bard HS Early College Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_College_Campus_High_School" title="Baruch College Campus High School">Baruch College Campus HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Beacon_School" title="The Beacon School">Beacon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murry_Bergtraum_High_School" title="Murry Bergtraum High School">Murry Bergtraum HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chelsea_Career_%26_Technical_Education_High_School" title="Chelsea Career & Technical Education High School">Chelsea CATE HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City-As-School_High_School" title="City-As-School High School">City-As-School HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Clinton_School" title="The Clinton School">Clinton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Secondary_School" title="Columbia Secondary School">Columbia SS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/East_Side_Community_High_School" title="East Side Community High School">East Side Community HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_for_Environmental_Studies" title="High School for Environmental Studies">HS for Environmental Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_for_Health_Professions_and_Human_Services" title="High School for Health Professions and Human Services">HS for Health Professions and Human Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_for_Math,_Science_and_Engineering_at_City_College" title="High School for Math, Science and Engineering at City College">HS for Math, Science and Engineering at City College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Art_and_Design" title="High School of Art and Design">HS of Art and Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Economics_and_Finance" title="High School of Economics and Finance">HS of Economics and Finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Fashion_Industries" title="High School of Fashion Industries">HS of Fashion Industries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_Graphic_Communication_Arts" title="High School of Graphic Communication Arts">HS of Graphic Comm Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humanities_Preparatory_Academy" title="Humanities Preparatory Academy">Humanities Prep Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_College_High_School" title="Hunter College High School">Hunter College HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovation_Diploma_Plus_High_School" title="Innovation Diploma Plus High School">Innovation Diploma Plus HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Irving_Campus" title="Washington Irving Campus">Washington Irving Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martin_Luther_King_Jr._Educational_Campus" title="Martin Luther King Jr. Educational Campus">Martin Luther King Jr. Educational Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiorello_H._LaGuardia_High_School" title="Fiorello H. LaGuardia High School">Fiorello H. LaGuardia HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leadership_%26_Public_Service_High_School" title="Leadership & Public Service High School">Leadership & Public Service HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side_Preparatory_High_School" title="Lower East Side Preparatory High School">Lower East Side Prep HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gregorio_Luper%C3%B3n_High_School_for_Math_%26_Science" title="Gregorio Luperón High School for Math & Science">Gregorio Luperón HS for Math & Sci</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Center_for_Science_and_Mathematics" title="Manhattan Center for Science and Mathematics">Manhattan Ctr for Sci and Math</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Village_Academy" title="Manhattan Village Academy">Manhattan Village Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harvey_Milk_High_School" title="Harvey Milk High School">Harvey Milk HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Millennium High School (New York City)">Millennium HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NEST%2Bm" title="NEST+m">NEST+m</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Lab_School_for_Collaborative_Studies" title="New York City Lab School for Collaborative Studies">NYC Lab School for Collaborative Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Museum_School" title="New York City Museum School">NYC Museum School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Harbor_School" title="New York Harbor School">NY Harbor School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_Kennedy_Onassis_High_School_for_International_Careers" title="Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for International Careers">Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis High School for Int'l Careers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_University_High_School" title="Pace University High School">Pace University HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Performing_Arts_School" title="Professional Performing Arts School">Professional Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Richman_Education_Complex" title="Julia Richman Education Complex">Julia Richman Education Complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A._Philip_Randolph_Campus_High_School" title="A. Philip Randolph Campus High School">A. Philip Randolph Campus HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_A._Reynolds_West_Side_High_School" title="Edward A. Reynolds West Side High School">Edward A. Reynolds West Side HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eleanor_Roosevelt_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Eleanor Roosevelt High School (New York City)">Eleanor Roosevelt HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bayard_Rustin_Educational_Complex" title="Bayard Rustin Educational Complex">Bayard Rustin Educational Complex</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Quest_to_Learn" title="Quest to Learn">Quest to Learn</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/School_of_the_Future_(New_York_City)" title="School of the Future (New York City)">School of the Future</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shuang_Wen_School" title="Shuang Wen School">Shuang Wen School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Special_Music_School" title="Special Music School">Special Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuyvesant_High_School" title="Stuyvesant High School">Stuyvesant HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talent_Unlimited_High_School" title="Talent Unlimited High School">Talent Unlimited HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Academy_Laboratory_High_School" title="Urban Academy Laboratory High School">Urban Academy Lab HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Washington_Educational_Campus" title="George Washington Educational Campus">George Washington Educational Campus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Heights_Expeditionary_Learning_School" title="Washington Heights Expeditionary Learning School">Washington Heights Expeditionary Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Young_Women%27s_Leadership_School_of_East_Harlem" title="Young Women's Leadership School of East Harlem">Young Women's Leadership of E. Harlem</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Charter</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harlem_Village_Academies" title="Harlem Village Academies">Harlem Village Academies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opportunity_Charter_School" title="Opportunity Charter School">Opportunity Charter School</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/P.S._135" title="P.S. 135">P.S. 135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grammar_School_No._35" title="Grammar School No. 35">Grammar School No. 35</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haaren_High_School" title="Haaren High School">Haaren HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Trade_School_for_Girls" title="Manhattan Trade School for Girls">Manhattan Trade School for Girls</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Vocational_and_Technical_High_School" title="Manhattan Vocational and Technical High School">Manhattan Voc and Tech HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_Thomas_High_School" title="Norman Thomas High School">Norman Thomas HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wadleigh_High_School_for_Girls" title="Wadleigh High School for Girls">Wadleigh HS for Girls</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Charter</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ross_Global_Academy" title="Ross Global Academy">Ross Global Acad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="List of schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">schools</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cathedral_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Cathedral High School (New York City)">Cathedral HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convent_of_the_Sacred_Heart_(New_York_City)" title="Convent of the Sacred Heart (New York City)">Convent of the Sacred Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cristo_Rey_New_York_High_School" title="Cristo Rey New York High School">Cristo Rey HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dominican_Academy" title="Dominican Academy">Dominican Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Salle_Academy" title="La Salle Academy">La Salle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loyola_School_(New_York_City)" title="Loyola School (New York City)">Loyola</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marymount_School_of_New_York" title="Marymount School of New York">Marymount</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_School_(Manhattan)" title="Notre Dame School (Manhattan)">Notre Dame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regis_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Regis High School (New York City)">Regis HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David%27s_School_(New_York_City)" title="Saint David's School (New York City)">Saint David's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._George_Academy" title="St. George Academy">St. George Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Jean_Baptiste_High_School" title="St. Jean Baptiste High School">St. Jean Baptiste HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Vincent_Ferrer_High_School" title="St. Vincent Ferrer High School">St. Vincent Ferrer HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xavier_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Xavier High School (New York City)">Xavier HS</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Joshua_Heschel_School" title="Abraham Joshua Heschel School">Abraham Joshua Heschel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allen-Stevenson_School" title="Allen-Stevenson School">Allen-Stevenson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brearley_School" title="Brearley School">Brearley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birch_Wathen_Lenox_School" title="Birch Wathen Lenox School">Birch Wathen Lenox</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_International_School_of_New_York" title="British International School of New York">British Int'l School of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Browning_School" title="Browning School">Browning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buckley_School_(New_York_City)" title="Buckley School (New York City)">Buckley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calhoun_School" title="Calhoun School">Calhoun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chapin_School" title="Chapin School">Chapin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Child_School_and_Legacy_High_School" title="Child School and Legacy High School">Child School and Legacy HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_and_Country_School" title="City and Country School">City and Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Collegiate_School_(New_York_City)" title="Collegiate School (New York City)">Collegiate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_Grammar_%26_Preparatory_School" title="Columbia Grammar & Preparatory School">Columbia Grammar & Preparatory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dalton_School" title="Dalton School">Dalton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dwight_School" title="Dwight School">Dwight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_%C3%89cole" title="The École">The École</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_Culture_Fieldston_School" title="Ethical Culture Fieldston School">Ethical Culture Fieldston</a> <small>Ethical Culture Campus</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Friends_Seminary" title="Friends Seminary">Friends Seminary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stephen_Gaynor_School" title="Stephen Gaynor School">Stephen Gaynor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grace_Church_School" title="Grace Church School">Grace Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hewitt_School" title="Hewitt School">Hewitt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Scuola_d%27Italia_Guglielmo_Marconi" title="La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi">La Scuola d'Italia Guglielmo Marconi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L%C3%A9man_Manhattan_Preparatory_School" title="Léman Manhattan Preparatory School">Léman Manhattan Prep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Red_School_House" title="Little Red School House">Little Red School House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyc%C3%A9e_Fran%C3%A7ais_de_New_York" title="Lycée Français de New York">Lycée Français de New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyceum_Kennedy_International_School" title="Lyceum Kennedy International School">Lyceum Kennedy Int'l</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_Country_School" title="Manhattan Country School">Manhattan Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesivtha_Tifereth_Jerusalem" title="Mesivtha Tifereth Jerusalem">Mesivtha Tifereth Jerusalem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nightingale-Bamford_School" title="Nightingale-Bamford School">Nightingale-Bamford</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Park_East_Day_School" title="Park East Day School">Park East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Professional_Children%27s_School" title="Professional Children's School">Professional Children's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ramaz_School" title="Ramaz School">Ramaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_School_at_Columbia_University" title="The School at Columbia University">The School at Columbia University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Bernard%27s_School" title="St. Bernard's School">St. Bernard's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Luke%27s_School_(Manhattan)" title="St. Luke's School (Manhattan)">St. Luke's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Thomas_Choir_School" title="Saint Thomas Choir School">St. Thomas Choir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solomon_Schechter_School_of_Manhattan" title="Solomon Schechter School of Manhattan">Solomon Schechter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spence_School" title="Spence School">Spence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marsha_Stern_Talmudical_Academy" title="Marsha Stern Talmudical Academy">Marsha Stern Talmudical Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Town_School" title="The Town School">Town</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trevor_Day_School" title="Trevor Day School">Trevor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_School_(New_York_City)" title="Trinity School (New York City)">Trinity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_International_School" title="United Nations International School">United Nations Int'l</a> <small>Manhattan Campus</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/York_Preparatory_School" title="York Preparatory School">York Prep</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_closed_schools_in_the_Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="List of closed schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">Former archdiocese schools</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bishop_Dubois_High_School" title="Bishop Dubois High School">Bishop Dubois HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_La_Salle_Institute,_New_York_City" class="mw-redirect" title="De La Salle Institute, New York City">De La Salle Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mother_Cabrini_High_School" title="Mother Cabrini High School">Mother Cabrini HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Power_Memorial_Academy" title="Power Memorial Academy">Power Memorial Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rice_High_School_(New_York)" class="mw-redirect" title="Rice High School (New York)">Rice HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Agnes_Boys_High_School" title="St. Agnes Boys High School">St. Agnes Boys HS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Ann_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Ann Academy (page does not exist)">St. Ann Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Michael_Academy_(New_York_City)" title="St. Michael Academy (New York City)">St. Michael Acad</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Anglo American</li> <li>Baldwin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fourteenth_Ward_Industrial_School" title="Fourteenth Ward Industrial School">Fourteenth Ward Industrial</a></li> <li>Franklin</li> <li><a href="/wiki/McBurney_School" title="McBurney School">McBurney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Lincoln_School" title="New Lincoln School">New Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=New_Walden_Lincoln_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="New Walden Lincoln School (page does not exist)">New Walden Lincoln</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walden_School_(New_York_City)" title="Walden School (New York City)">Walden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Tertiary/Other schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/City_University_of_New_York" title="City University of New York">City University of New York</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baruch_College" title="Baruch College">Baruch</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Marxe_School_of_Public_and_International_Affairs" title="Marxe School of Public and International Affairs">Public and International Affairs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Manhattan_Community_College" title="Borough of Manhattan Community College">Manhattan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_College_of_New_York" title="City College of New York">City College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_School_of_Medicine" title="CUNY School of Medicine">Medicine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_Graduate_Center" title="CUNY Graduate Center">Graduate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_Graduate_School_of_Journalism" class="mw-redirect" title="CUNY Graduate School of Journalism">Journalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_School_of_Labor_and_Urban_Studies" title="CUNY School of Labor and Urban Studies">Labor and Urban Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_School_of_Professional_Studies" title="CUNY School of Professional Studies">Professional Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CUNY_Graduate_School_of_Public_Health_and_Health_Policy" title="CUNY Graduate School of Public Health and Health Policy">Public Health</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guttman_Community_College" title="Guttman Community College">Guttman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunter_College" title="Hunter College">Hunter College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hunter-Bellevue_School_of_Nursing" title="Hunter-Bellevue School of Nursing">Nursing</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Jay_College_of_Criminal_Justice" title="John Jay College of Criminal Justice">John Jay Criminal Justice</a></li></ul> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York" title="State University of New York">State University of New York</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fashion_Institute_of_Technology" title="Fashion Institute of Technology">Fashion Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_College_of_Optometry" title="State University of New York College of Optometry">State University of New York College of Optometry</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Independent</dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Musical_and_Dramatic_Academy" title="American Musical and Dramatic Academy">American Musical and Dramatic Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bank_Street_College_of_Education" title="Bank Street College of Education">Bank Street College of Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Boricua_College" title="Boricua College">Boricua College</a> <small>Manhattan Campus</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooper_Union" title="Cooper Union">Cooper Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Columbia_University" title="Columbia University">Columbia University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barnard_College" title="Barnard College">Barnard College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Columbia_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Columbia University">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a> <small>Lincoln Center Campus</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juilliard_School" title="Juilliard School">Juilliard School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King%27s_College_(New_York_City)" class="mw-redirect" title="The King's College (New York City)">The King's College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LIM_College" title="LIM College">LIM College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_School_of_Music" title="Manhattan School of Music">Manhattan School of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marymount_Manhattan_College" title="Marymount Manhattan College">Marymount Manhattan College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_College_of_New_York" title="Metropolitan College of New York">Metropolitan College of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_New_School" title="The New School">The New School</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parsons_School_of_Design" title="Parsons School of Design">Parsons School of Design</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:The_New_School" title="Template:The New School">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Institute_of_Technology" title="New York Institute of Technology">New York Institute of Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Law_School" title="New York Law School">New York Law School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_University" title="New York University">New York University</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:New_York_University" title="Template:New York University">template</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_University" title="Pace University">Pace University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yeshiva_University" title="Yeshiva University">Yeshiva University</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_School_of_Applied_Design_for_Women" title="New York School of Applied Design for Women">New York School of Applied Design for Women</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Public Library</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_Main_Branch" title="New York Public Library Main Branch">Main Branch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Public_Library_branches" title="List of New York Public Library branches">branches</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Heiskell_Braille_and_Talking_Book_Library" title="Andrew Heiskell Braille and Talking Book Library">Heiskell Braille and Talking Book</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">Performing Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schomburg_Center_for_Research_in_Black_Culture" title="Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture">Schomburg Center for Research in Black Culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/53rd_Street_Library" title="53rd Street Library">53rd St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/115th_Street_Library" title="115th Street Library">115th St</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_Grange_Library" title="Hamilton Grange Library">Hamilton Grange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jefferson_Market_Library" title="Jefferson Market Library">Jefferson Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottendorfer_Public_Library_and_Stuyvesant_Polyclinic_Hospital" title="Ottendorfer Public Library and Stuyvesant Polyclinic Hospital">Ottendorfer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stavros_Niarchos_Foundation_Library" title="Stavros Niarchos Foundation Library">Stavros Niarchos Foundation</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Education_in_the_Bronx" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Education_in_the_Bronx" title="Template:Education in the Bronx"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Education_in_the_Bronx" title="Template talk:Education in the Bronx"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Education_in_the_Bronx" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Education in the Bronx"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Education_in_the_Bronx" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_New_York_City" title="Education in New York City">Education</a> in the <a href="/wiki/Bronx" class="mw-redirect" title="Bronx">Bronx</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Education" title="New York City Department of Education">Public<br />schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PS_11_(Bronx)" title="PS 11 (Bronx)">PS 11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belmont_Preparatory_High_School" title="Belmont Preparatory High School">Belmont Prep HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_High_School_for_Law_and_Community_Service" title="Bronx High School for Law and Community Service">Bronx HS for Law and Community Service</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_School_for_Law,_Government_and_Justice" title="Bronx School for Law, Government and Justice">Bronx School for Law, Government and Justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_High_School_of_Science" title="Bronx High School of Science">Bronx Science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_High_School_for_the_Visual_Arts" title="Bronx High School for the Visual Arts">Bronx HS for the Visual Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Theatre_High_School" title="Bronx Theatre High School">Bronx Theatre HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evander_Childs_Educational_Campus" title="Evander Childs Educational Campus">Evander Childs Educational Campus</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_School_for_Writing_and_Communication_Arts" title="High School for Writing and Communication Arts">HS for Writing and Communication Arts</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Columbus_High_School_(Bronx)" title="Christopher Columbus High School (Bronx)">Christopher Columbus HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DeWitt_Clinton_High_School" title="DeWitt Clinton High School">DeWitt Clinton HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celia_Cruz_Bronx_High_School_of_Music" title="Celia Cruz Bronx High School of Music">Celia Cruz Bronx HS of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_High_School_for_the_Arts" title="Fordham High School for the Arts">Fordham HS for the Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_Leadership_Academy_for_Business_and_Technology" title="Fordham Leadership Academy for Business and Technology">Fordham Leadership Acad for Business and Tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_American_Studies" title="High School of American Studies">HS of American Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_School_of_World_Cultures" title="High School of World Cultures">HS of World Cultures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Levin_High_School_for_Media_and_Communications" title="Jonathan Levin High School for Media and Communications">Jonathan Levin HS for Media and Communications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millennium_Art_Academy" title="Millennium Art Academy">Millennium Art Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Diversity_Academy" title="Peace and Diversity Academy">Peace and Diversity Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverdale_Kingsbridge_Academy" title="Riverdale Kingsbridge Academy">Riverdale Kingsbridge Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_High_School_(Bronx)" title="Harry S. Truman High School (Bronx)">Harry S. Truman HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Validus_Preparatory_Academy" title="Validus Preparatory Academy">Validus Prep Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Bronx_Academy_for_the_Future" title="West Bronx Academy for the Future">West Bronx Acad for the Future</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Charter" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Charter</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Preparatory_Charter_School" title="Bronx Preparatory Charter School">Bronx Preparatory Charter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eagle_Academy_for_Young_Men" title="Eagle Academy for Young Men">Eagle Academy for Young Men</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_V._Lindsay_Wildcat_Academy_Charter_School" title="John V. Lindsay Wildcat Academy Charter School">John V. Lindsay Wildcat Acad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Public_School_15" title="Public School 15">PS 15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Public_School_17" title="Public School 17">PS 17</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Addams_High_School_for_Academic_Careers" title="Jane Addams High School for Academic Careers">Jane Addams HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Samuel_Gompers_High_School" title="Samuel Gompers High School">Samuel Gompers HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="John F. Kennedy High School (New York City)">John F. Kennedy HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morris_High_School_(Bronx)" title="Morris High School (Bronx)">Morris HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Theodore Roosevelt High School (New York City)">Theodore Roosevelt HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="William Howard Taft High School (New York City)">William Howard Taft HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walton_High_School_(Bronx)" title="Walton High School (Bronx)">Walton HS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private<br />schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ethical_Culture_Fieldston_School" title="Ethical Culture Fieldston School">Ethical Culture Fieldston</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horace_Mann_School" title="Horace Mann School">Horace Mann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lavelle_School_for_the_Blind" title="Lavelle School for the Blind">Lavelle School for the Blind</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riverdale_Country_School" title="Riverdale Country School">Riverdale Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Mission_School_in_New_York" title="Russian Mission School in New York">Russian Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salanter_Akiba_Riverdale_Academy" title="Salanter Akiba Riverdale Academy">Salanter Akiba Riverdale Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SAR_High_School" title="SAR High School">SAR High School</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="List of schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">Catholic<br />schools</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Academy_of_Mount_St._Ursula" title="Academy of Mount St. Ursula">Acad. of Mt. St. Ursula</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_Hallows_High_School" title="All Hallows High School">All Hallows HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aquinas_High_School_(New_York)" title="Aquinas High School (New York)">Aquinas HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Hayes_High_School" title="Cardinal Hayes High School">Cardinal Hayes HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardinal_Spellman_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Cardinal Spellman High School (New York City)">Cardinal Spellman HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_Preparatory_School" title="Fordham Preparatory School">Fordham Prep</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monsignor_Scanlan_High_School" title="Monsignor Scanlan High School">Monsignor Scanlan HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Saint_Michael_Academy" title="Mount Saint Michael Academy">Mount St. Michael Acad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Preston_High_School_(New_York_City)" title="Preston High School (New York City)">Preston HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Barnabas_High_School" title="Saint Barnabas High School">St. Barnabas HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Catharine_Academy" title="St. Catharine Academy">St. Catharine Acad.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Raymond_Academy" title="St. Raymond Academy">St. Raymond Acad.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Raymond_High_School_for_Boys" title="St. Raymond High School for Boys">St. Raymond HS for Boys</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_closed_schools_in_the_Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="List of closed schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">Closed</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aquinas_Hall_Business_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aquinas Hall Business School (page does not exist)">Aquinas Hall Business School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Salle_Military_Academy" title="La Salle Military Academy">Clason Point Military Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Manhattan_Preparatory_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Manhattan Preparatory School (page does not exist)">Manhattan Preparatory School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convent_of_the_Sacred_Heart_(Connecticut)" title="Convent of the Sacred Heart (Connecticut)">Maplehurst Academy of the Sacred Heart</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mother_Butler_High_School&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mother Butler High School (page does not exist)">Mother Butler High School</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mount_St._Vincent_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mount St. Vincent Academy (page does not exist)">Mount St. Vincent Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Anselm_and_St._Roch_(Bronx)" title="Church of St. Anselm and St. Roch (Bronx)">St. Anselm</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Augustine_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Augustine Academy (page does not exist)">St. Augustine Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=St._Brendan_Academy&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St. Brendan Academy (page does not exist)">St. Brendan Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_St._Simon_Stock_%E2%80%93_St._Joseph_(Bronx)" class="mw-redirect" title="Church of St. Simon Stock – St. Joseph (Bronx)">St. Joseph</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_of_Tolentine_Church_(Bronx)" title="St. Nicholas of Tolentine Church (Bronx)">St. Nicholas of Tolentine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Nicholas_of_Tolentine_High_School" title="St. Nicholas of Tolentine High School">St. Nicholas of Tolentine HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Pius_V_High_School" title="St. Pius V High School">St. Pius V HS</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ursuline_Academy_(New_York)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ursuline Academy (New York) (page does not exist)">Ursuline Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and<br />universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Community_College" title="Bronx Community College">Bronx Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hostos_Community_College" title="Hostos Community College">Hostos Community College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lehman_College" title="Lehman College">Lehman College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_Maritime_College" title="State University of New York Maritime College">SUNY Maritime College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boricua_College" title="Boricua College">Boricua College</a> <small>Bronx Campus</small></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albert_Einstein_College_of_Medicine" title="Albert Einstein College of Medicine">Albert Einstein College of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferkauf_Graduate_School_of_Psychology" title="Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology">Ferkauf Graduate School of Psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fordham_University" title="Fordham University">Fordham University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manhattan_University" title="Manhattan University">Manhattan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_College_of_New_York" title="Metropolitan College of New York">Metropolitan College of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monroe_College" class="mw-redirect" title="Monroe College">Monroe College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/University_of_Mount_Saint_Vincent" title="University of Mount Saint Vincent">Mount Saint Vincent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Community_College_Library" title="Bronx Community College Library">Bronx Community College Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bronx_County_Historical_Society#BCHS_Research_Library" title="The Bronx County Historical Society">Bronx County Historical Society Research Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huntington_Free_Library_and_Reading_Room" title="Huntington Free Library and Reading Room">Huntington Free Library and Reading Room</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LuEsther_T._Mertz_Library" title="LuEsther T. Mertz Library">LuEsther T. Mertz Library</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Public Library</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bronx_Library_Center" title="Bronx Library Center">Bronx Library Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_New_York_Public_Library_branches#Libraries_in_the_Bronx" title="List of New York Public Library branches">Bronx branches</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_D._Walsh_Family_Library" title="William D. Walsh Family Library">William D. Walsh Family Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed or moved<br />institutions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gould_Memorial_Library" title="Gould Memorial Library">Gould Memorial Library</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lincoln_School_for_Nurses" title="Lincoln School for Nurses">Lincoln School for Nurses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thomas_More_College_(New_York_City)" title="Thomas More College (New York City)">Thomas More College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Webb_Institute" title="Webb Institute">Webb's Academy and Home for Shipbuilders</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Education_in_Staten_Island" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Education_in_Staten_Island" title="Template:Education in Staten Island"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Education_in_Staten_Island" title="Template talk:Education in Staten Island"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Education_in_Staten_Island" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Education in Staten Island"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Education_in_Staten_Island" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Education in <a href="/wiki/Staten_Island" title="Staten Island">Staten Island</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Totten_Intermediate_School_34" title="Totten Intermediate School 34">Totten Intermediate School 34</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Staten_Island_High_School_for_International_Studies" title="College of Staten Island High School for International Studies">College of Staten Island HS for Int'l Studies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Curtis_High_School" title="Curtis High School">Curtis HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaynor_McCown_Expeditionary_Learning_School" title="Gaynor McCown Expeditionary Learning School">Gaynor McCown Expeditionary Learning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ralph_R._McKee_CTE_High_School" title="Ralph R. McKee CTE High School">Ralph R. McKee CTE HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_J._Petrides_School" title="Michael J. Petrides School">Michael J. Petrides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Dorp_High_School" title="New Dorp High School">New Dorp HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Port_Richmond_High_School" title="Port Richmond High School">Port Richmond HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Richmond_High_School" title="South Richmond High School">South Richmond HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Technical_High_School" title="Staten Island Technical High School">Staten Island Technical HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tottenville_High_School" title="Tottenville High School">Tottenville HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_E._Wagner_High_School" title="Susan E. Wagner High School">Susan E. Wagner HS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Private schools</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_schools_in_the_Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="List of schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">schools</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Monsignor_Farrell_High_School" title="Monsignor Farrell High School">Monsignor Farrell HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moore_Catholic_High_School" title="Moore Catholic High School">Moore Catholic HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_Academy_(Staten_Island)" title="Notre Dame Academy (Staten Island)">Notre Dame Acad.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_by_the_Sea_High_School" title="St. Joseph by the Sea High School">St. Joseph by the Sea HS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Joseph_Hill_Academy" title="St. Joseph Hill Academy">St. Joseph Hill Acad.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Boys_High_School" title="St. Peter's Boys High School">St. Peter's Boys HS</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Other</dt></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Staten_Island_Academy" title="Staten Island Academy">Staten Island Academy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miraj_Islamic_School" title="Miraj Islamic School">Miraj Islamic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesivtha_Tifereth_Jerusalem" title="Mesivtha Tifereth Jerusalem">Yeshiva of Staten Island</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Closed" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Closed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt><a href="/wiki/List_of_closed_schools_in_the_Roman_Catholic_Archdiocese_of_New_York" title="List of closed schools in the Roman Catholic Archdiocese of New York">Former archdiocese schools</a></dt> <dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Augustinian_Academy_(Staten_Island)" title="Augustinian Academy (Staten Island)">Augustinian Acad.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John_Villa_Academy" title="St. John Villa Academy">St. John Villa Acad.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Church_(Staten_Island)" title="St. Peter's Church (Staten Island)">St. Peter's School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Peter%27s_Girls_High_School" title="St. Peter's Girls High School">St. Peter's Girls HS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Colleges and universities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Staten_Island" title="College of Staten Island">College of Staten Island</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/College_of_Staten_Island_Baseball_Complex" class="mw-redirect" title="College of Staten Island Baseball Complex">Baseball Complex</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._John%27s_University_(New_York_City)" title="St. John's University (New York City)">St. John's Univ.</a> (orig. <a href="/wiki/Notre_Dame_College_(Staten_Island)" title="Notre Dame College (Staten Island)">Notre Dame College</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wagner_College" title="Wagner College">Wagner College</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Public libraries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">New York Public Library</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>This list is incomplete.</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portals</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/19px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png" decoding="async" width="19" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/29px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg/38px-Nuvola_apps_bookcase.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="128" data-file-height="128" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Books" title="Portal:Books">Books</a></li><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/21px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/32px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_New_York_City.svg/42px-Flag_of_New_York_City.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:New_York_City" title="Portal:New York City">New York City</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219555#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219555#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219555#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121736162">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/143013888">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1006049-2">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n79033065">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11882970g">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11882970g">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="New York Public Library"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=kn20020322368&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007265938305171">Israel</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cantic.bnc.cat/registre/981058517841006706">Catalonia</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Academics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA01109945?l=en">CiNii</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&role=&nation=&subjectid=500303617">ULAN</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://w3id.org/isil/US-NN">ISIL</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026616637">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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