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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">(Top)</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Table_of_United_States_presidents_by_military_rank" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Table_of_United_States_presidents_by_military_rank"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Table of United States presidents by military rank</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Table_of_United_States_presidents_by_military_rank-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Table of United States presidents by military rank subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Table_of_United_States_presidents_by_military_rank-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-General_of_the_Armies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_of_the_Armies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>General of the Armies</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_of_the_Armies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-General_of_the_Army_(Special_grade)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#General_of_the_Army_(Special_grade)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>General of the Army (Special grade)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-General_of_the_Army_(Special_grade)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_general_(O-8)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_general_(O-8)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>Major general (O-8)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_general_(O-8)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Brigadier_general_(O-7)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Brigadier_general_(O-7)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.4</span> <span>Brigadier general (O-7)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Brigadier_general_(O-7)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Colonel_(O-6)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Colonel_(O-6)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.5</span> <span>Colonel (O-6)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Colonel_(O-6)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Commander_(O-5)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Commander_(O-5)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.6</span> <span>Commander (O-5)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Commander_(O-5)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_/_Lieutenant_commander_(O-4)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_/_Lieutenant_commander_(O-4)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.7</span> <span>Major / Lieutenant commander (O-4)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Major_/_Lieutenant_commander_(O-4)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Captain_/_Lieutenant_(naval)_(O-3)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Captain_/_Lieutenant_(naval)_(O-3)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.8</span> <span>Captain / Lieutenant (naval) (O-3)</span> </div> 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class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li 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class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-More_citations_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Refimprove" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>needs additional citations for <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">verification</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank" title="Special:EditPage/List of presidents of the United States by military rank">improve this article</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and removed.<br /><small><span class="plainlinks"><i>Find sources:</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22List+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank%22">"List of presidents of the United States by military rank"</a> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=%22List+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank%22+-wikipedia&tbs=ar:1">news</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?&q=%22List+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank%22&tbs=bkt:s&tbm=bks">newspapers</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?tbs=bks:1&q=%22List+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank%22+-wikipedia">books</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22List+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank%22">scholar</a> <b>·</b> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/action/doBasicSearch?Query=%22List+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank%22&acc=on&wc=on">JSTOR</a></span></small></span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </div><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Constitution" class="mw-redirect" title="United States Constitution">United States Constitution</a> names the <a href="/wiki/President_of_the_United_States" title="President of the United States">president of the United States</a> the <a href="/wiki/Commander-in-Chief" class="mw-redirect" title="Commander-in-Chief">commander-in-chief</a> of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Armed_Forces" title="United States Armed Forces">United States Armed Forces</a>. Many presidents, however, also <a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_service" title="List of presidents of the United States by military service">served in the military before taking office</a>. All but 13 of the 45<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> persons to become president have served. </p><p>Of the 32 presidents with military service, 31 have been <a href="/wiki/Officer_(armed_forces)" title="Officer (armed forces)">commissioned officers</a>, of whom five began their careers as regular officers (Jimmy Carter transferred to the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Reserve" title="United States Navy Reserve">Navy Reserve</a> after five years in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">Navy</a>). There have been 13 presidents who held <a href="/wiki/General_officer" title="General officer">general officer</a> rank (four regular officers, six <a href="/wiki/Militia_(United_States)" title="Militia (United States)">militia</a> officers, three volunteers). </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Table_of_United_States_presidents_by_military_rank">Table of United States presidents by military rank</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Table of United States presidents by military rank"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_of_the_Armies">General of the Armies</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: General of the Armies"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Armies" title="General of the Armies">General of the Armies</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Service experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3">1 </th> <td rowspan="2"><b>No official insignia</b><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <p><a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Armies" title="General of the Armies">General of the Armies of the United States</a> </p> </td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Great_Britain" title="Kingdom of Great Britain"><img alt="Kingdom of Great Britain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="35" height="21" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/53px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg/70px-Flag_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Virginia_militia" title="Virginia militia">Virginia militia</a><br /><small>(1752–1758)</small><br /><br /><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_(1777%E2%80%931795).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a><br /><small>(1775–1783)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small><br /><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><small>(1798–1799)</small><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg/125px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg/188px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg/250px-Brooklyn_Museum_-_George_Washington_-_Charles_Willson_Peale_-_overall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="672" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/George_Washington" title="George Washington">George Washington</a></b></big><small><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>c<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></small> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/French_and_Indian_War" title="French and Indian War">French and Indian War</a><br />(1754–1758)<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>d<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">War for Independence</a><br /><small>(1775–1783)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>e<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></small><br /><a href="/wiki/Whiskey_Rebellion" title="Whiskey Rebellion">Whiskey Rebellion</a><br /><small> (1791–1794)<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></small><br />-<br /><a href="/wiki/Thanks_of_Congress" title="Thanks of Congress">Thanks of Congress</a> </td> <td style="text-align:left;"> <ul><li>Served in the <a href="/wiki/Virginia_militia" title="Virginia militia">Virginia militia</a> (1752–1758) during the French and Indian War.</li> <li>Served as commander in chief of the <a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a> (1775–1783) during the Revolutionary War, with the rank of "General and Commander in Chief." Washington was a <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_General_(United_States)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lieutenant General (United States)">lieutenant general</a> in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> at his death.</li> <li>In 1976, as part of the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Bicentennial" title="United States Bicentennial">Bicentennial</a>, then-president <a href="/wiki/Gerald_R._Ford" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerald R. Ford">Gerald R. Ford</a> posthumously appointed Washington as <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Armies_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="General of the Armies of the United States">General of the Armies of the United States</a>, a rank that ensured he would forever rank above all other officers.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Regular_Army_(United_States)" title="Regular Army (United States)">Regular Army</a>) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Grant,_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.,_three-quarter-length,_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Grant%2C_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.%2C_three-quarter-length%2C_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif/lossy-page1-125px-Grant%2C_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.%2C_three-quarter-length%2C_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Grant%2C_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.%2C_three-quarter-length%2C_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif/lossy-page1-188px-Grant%2C_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.%2C_three-quarter-length%2C_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Grant%2C_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.%2C_three-quarter-length%2C_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif/lossy-page1-250px-Grant%2C_Lt._Gen._Ulysses_S.%2C_three-quarter-length%2C_standing_-_NARA_-_558720.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2195" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Ulysses_S._Grant" title="Ulysses S. Grant">Ulysses S. Grant</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a><br />-<br /><a href="/wiki/Thanks_of_Congress" title="Thanks of Congress">Thanks of Congress</a> </td> <td>Graduated <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">West Point</a>; first <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_general_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant general (United States)">Lieutenant General</a> since Washington, appointed as four-star <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Army_of_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="General of the Army of the United States">General of the Army of the United States</a> in 1866. In 2022 Grant was <a href="/wiki/National_Defense_Authorization_Act_for_Fiscal_Year_2023" title="National Defense Authorization Act for Fiscal Year 2023">promoted by</a> the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Congress" title="United States Congress">United States Congress</a> to General of the Armies to celebrate the 200th anniversary of his birth. The rank of <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Armies" title="General of the Armies">General of the Armies</a> is considered senior to <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Army" class="mw-redirect" title="General of the Army">General of the Army</a>. Grant became the third person to become General of the Armies after <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a> and George Washington. Grant and Pershing are outranked only by Washington. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="General_of_the_Army_(Special_grade)"><span id="General_of_the_Army_.28Special_grade.29"></span>General of the Army (Special grade)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: General of the Army (Special grade)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/General_of_the_Army_(United_States)" title="General of the Army (United States)">General of the Army (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th>2 </th> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_(1959%E2%80%932015).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_%281959%E2%80%932015%29.svg/85px-U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_%281959%E2%80%932015%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="85" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_%281959%E2%80%932015%29.svg/128px-U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_%281959%E2%80%932015%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_%281959%E2%80%932015%29.svg/170px-U.S._Army_O-11_shoulderboard_%281959%E2%80%932015%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="92" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br />General of the Army </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Department_of_the_Army.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="900" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/Regular_army" title="Regular army">Regular army</a>) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg/125px-General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg/188px-General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg/250px-General_Dwight_D._Eisenhower.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2188" data-file-height="2725" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Dwight_D._Eisenhower" title="Dwight D. Eisenhower">Dwight D. Eisenhower</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Headquarters_Allied_Expeditionary_Force" title="Supreme Headquarters Allied Expeditionary Force">Supreme Commander of the Allied Invasion of Europe</a>, primarily the Battles for Normandy, France and Germany <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>.<br />-<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-U.S._Army_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Service_Medal_(U.S._Army)" title="Distinguished Service Medal (U.S. Army)">Army Distinguished Service<br /> Medal</a> (5)<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7f/Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Navy_Distinguished_Service_Medal" title="Navy Distinguished Service Medal">Navy Distinguished Service<br /> Medal</a> </td> <td>Graduated <a href="/wiki/United_States_Military_Academy" title="United States Military Academy">West Point</a>; served 1915–1952, resigned to run for president. Commission and rank restored by Congress in 1961. Commissioned but inactive until death. Served stateside during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a> and as Supreme Allied Commander during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_general_(O-8)"><span id="Major_general_.28O-8.29"></span>Major general (O-8)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Major general (O-8)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Major_general_(United_States)" title="Major general (United States)">Major general (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:middle;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="6">3 </th> <td rowspan="3"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg/80px-Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="132" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg/120px-Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg/160px-Continental_Army-Major_general_1780.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1116" data-file-height="1839" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br />Major General </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/North_Carolina_Army_National_Guard" title="North Carolina Army National Guard">North Carolina Militia</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Army_National_Guard" title="Tennessee Army National Guard">Tennessee Militia</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg/125px-Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg/188px-Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg/250px-Andrew_Jackson_by_Ralph_E._W._Earl_1837.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="843" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Jackson" title="Andrew Jackson">Andrew Jackson</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Creek_War" title="Creek War">Creek War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a><br /><a href="/wiki/First_Seminole_War" class="mw-redirect" title="First Seminole War">First Seminole War</a>.<br />-<br /><a href="/wiki/Thanks_of_Congress" title="Thanks of Congress">Thanks of Congress</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center">Served at age 13 as a militia messenger during the <a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a>; was captured, becoming the only president to have been held as a <a href="/wiki/Prisoner_of_war" title="Prisoner of war">prisoner of war</a> (Washington had surrendered in the French and Indian War but was immediately paroled); served in the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, attaining the rank of major general and became a national hero after his success at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_New_Orleans" title="Battle of New Orleans">Battle of New Orleans</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/125px-Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/188px-Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/250px-Rembrandt_Peale_-_William_Henry_Harrison_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6165" data-file-height="7498" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/William_Henry_Harrison" title="William Henry Harrison">William H. Harrison</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Northwest_Indian_War" title="Northwest Indian War">Northwest Indian War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a><br />-<br /><a href="/wiki/Thanks_of_Congress" title="Thanks of Congress">Thanks of Congress</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center">Dates of service: 1791–1798, 1812–1814. Became national hero after success at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_the_Thames" title="Battle of the Thames">Battle of the Thames</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush,_c1848.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush%2C_c1848.jpg/125px-Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush%2C_c1848.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush%2C_c1848.jpg/188px-Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush%2C_c1848.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush%2C_c1848.jpg/250px-Zachary_Taylor_by_Joseph_Henry_Bush%2C_c1848.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2303" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Zachary_Taylor" title="Zachary Taylor">Zachary Taylor</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk_War" title="Black Hawk War">Black Hawk War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Seminole_Wars" title="Seminole Wars">Second Seminole War</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a><br />-<br /><a href="/wiki/Thanks_of_Congress" title="Thanks of Congress">Thanks of Congress</a> </td> <td>Became a national hero because of his achievements in the <a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg/100px-Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="37" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg/150px-Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b9/Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg/200px-Union_Army_major_general_rank_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="68" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br />Major General of Volunteers </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>United States Army<br />(volunteers) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/125px-General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/188px-General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg/250px-General_James_Garfield_-_Brady-Handy.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2936" data-file-height="4192" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/James_A._Garfield" title="James A. Garfield">James A. Garfield</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> </td> <td>His heroic ride at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Chickamauga" title="Battle of Chickamauga">Battle of Chickamauga</a> later helped him to be elected president. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_O8_(Army_greens).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/US_Army_O8_%28Army_greens%29.svg/50px-US_Army_O8_%28Army_greens%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="122" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/US_Army_O8_%28Army_greens%29.svg/75px-US_Army_O8_%28Army_greens%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/US_Army_O8_%28Army_greens%29.svg/100px-US_Army_O8_%28Army_greens%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="92" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br />Major General </td> <td>American Red Cross <br /><small>(Under jurisdiction of the US War Dept)</small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:William_Howard_Taft,_head-and-shoulders_portrait,_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/William_Howard_Taft%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg/125px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/William_Howard_Taft%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg/188px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/William_Howard_Taft%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg/250px-William_Howard_Taft%2C_head-and-shoulders_portrait%2C_facing_left_-_restored_-_LCCN92522143.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2934" data-file-height="3667" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/William_Howard_Taft" title="William Howard Taft">William Howard Taft</a></b></big> </td> <td>None </td> <td style="text-align:center">He was <a href="/wiki/United_States_Secretary_of_War" title="United States Secretary of War">Secretary of War</a> under President <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a> from 1904 to 1908. Taft also joined a <a href="/wiki/Connecticut" title="Connecticut">Connecticut</a> <a href="/wiki/State_defense_force" title="State defense force">Home Guard</a> unit during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. He was commissioned with military rank in the <a href="/wiki/American_Red_Cross" title="American Red Cross">American Red Cross</a> by President Wilson August 1917<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Brigadier_general_(O-7)"><span id="Brigadier_general_.28O-7.29"></span>Brigadier general (O-7)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Brigadier general (O-7)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Brigadier_general_(United_States)" title="Brigadier general (United States)">Brigadier general (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="5">4 </th> <td rowspan="5"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg/80px-Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg/120px-Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg/160px-Union_Army_brigadier_general_rank_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="183" data-file-height="68" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br />Brigadier General </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/New_Hampshire_Army_National_Guard" title="New Hampshire Army National Guard">New Hampshire Militia</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg/125px-Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg/188px-Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg/250px-Franklin_Pierce_-_1852.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="760" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Franklin_Pierce" title="Franklin Pierce">Franklin Pierce</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mexican%E2%80%93American_War" title="Mexican–American War">Mexican–American War</a> </td> <td>Served in New Hampshire Militia from 1831 to 1847 and attained the rank of Colonel. Appointed to command <a href="/wiki/9th_Infantry_Regiment_(United_States)" title="9th Infantry Regiment (United States)">9th Infantry Regiment</a> during Army expansion for Mexican–American War. Subsequently, promoted to Brigadier General and command of a brigade. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_York_(1896%E2%80%931901).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York_Army_National_Guard" title="New York Army National Guard">New York State Militia</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png/125px-Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png/188px-Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png/250px-Chester_A_Arthur_1859.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="390" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Chester_A._Arthur" title="Chester A. Arthur">Chester A. Arthur</a></b></big> </td> <td>Inspector General of the <a href="/wiki/New_York_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="New York National Guard">New York Militia</a><br />–<br /><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> </td> <td>Joined militia as Judge Advocate of 2nd Brigade. Appointed Quartermaster General on Governor's staff, and later appointed Inspector General. Offered command of brigade raised in New York City, but <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_New_York" title="Governor of New York">Governor</a> declined to allow him to leave state service. Left service in 1863 after new Governor appointed a successor. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:AndrewJohnson1860.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AndrewJohnson1860.png/125px-AndrewJohnson1860.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AndrewJohnson1860.png/188px-AndrewJohnson1860.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/AndrewJohnson1860.png/250px-AndrewJohnson1860.png 2x" data-file-width="298" data-file-height="391" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Johnson" title="Andrew Johnson">Andrew Johnson</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Military Governor of Tennessee</a><br />–<br /><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> </td> <td>Served in the 90th Regiment of Tennessee Militia in 1830s. Later appointed Colonel. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>United States Army<br />(volunteers) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:General_Hayes.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/General_Hayes.jpg/125px-General_Hayes.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/General_Hayes.jpg/188px-General_Hayes.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/General_Hayes.jpg/250px-General_Hayes.jpg 2x" data-file-width="263" data-file-height="348" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> </td> <td>Successful leadership in Virginia/West Virginia region; wounded at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_South_Mountain" title="Battle of South Mountain">Battle of South Mountain</a>. Later appointed <a href="/wiki/Brevet_(military)#American_Civil_War" title="Brevet (military)">Brevet</a> Major General. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Indiana_Army_National_Guard" class="mw-redirect" title="Indiana Army National Guard">Indiana State Militia</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GenBenHarrison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/GenBenHarrison.jpg/125px-GenBenHarrison.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="179" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/GenBenHarrison.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="174" data-file-height="249" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Benjamin_Harrison" title="Benjamin Harrison">Benjamin Harrison</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Perryville" title="Battle of Perryville">Battle of Perryville</a><br /> <a href="/wiki/Atlanta_Campaign" class="mw-redirect" title="Atlanta Campaign">Atlanta Campaign</a> <br /> <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Nashville" title="Battle of Nashville">Battle of Nashville</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Colonel_(O-6)"><span id="Colonel_.28O-6.29"></span>Colonel (O-6)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Colonel (O-6)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">Colonel (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="6">5 </th> <td rowspan="6"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-O6_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/US-O6_insignia.svg/80px-US-O6_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/US-O6_insignia.svg/120px-US-O6_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/US-O6_insignia.svg/160px-US-O6_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="475" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/Colonel_(United_States)" title="Colonel (United States)">Colonel</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Virginia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_Virginia.svg/50px-Seal_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_Virginia.svg/75px-Seal_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_Virginia.svg/100px-Seal_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Army_National_Guard" title="Virginia Army National Guard">Virginia State Militia</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Albemarle_County,_Virginia" title="Albemarle County, Virginia">Albemarle County</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/125px-Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/188px-Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/250px-Mather_Brown_-_Thomas_Jefferson_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="7707" data-file-height="9840" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Thomas_Jefferson" title="Thomas Jefferson">Thomas Jefferson</a></b></big> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Like other Virginia gentlemen, he had militia duties, and did administrative work </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_(1707%E2%80%931800,_square_canton).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%2C_square_canton%29.svg/50px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%2C_square_canton%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%2C_square_canton%29.svg/75px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%2C_square_canton%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%2C_square_canton%29.svg/100px-Red_Ensign_of_Great_Britain_%281707%E2%80%931800%2C_square_canton%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1458" data-file-height="972" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Colony_of_Virginia" title="Colony of Virginia">Virginia Colonial Militia</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Orange_County,_Virginia" title="Orange County, Virginia">Orange County</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1811,_Sharples,_James,_James_Madison.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/1811%2C_Sharples%2C_James%2C_James_Madison.jpg/125px-1811%2C_Sharples%2C_James%2C_James_Madison.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="153" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/1811%2C_Sharples%2C_James%2C_James_Madison.jpg/188px-1811%2C_Sharples%2C_James%2C_James_Madison.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/1811%2C_Sharples%2C_James%2C_James_Madison.jpg/250px-1811%2C_Sharples%2C_James%2C_James_Madison.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1633" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/James_Madison" title="James Madison">James Madison</a></b></big> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Left militia to enter Virginia legislature. (Some sources claim Madison briefly assumed command of an artillery battery during the British assault on Washington during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>. If true, he would join Washington (Whiskey Rebellion) as having seen military service as commander-in-chief.) </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_United_States_(1777%E2%80%931795).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="26" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_the_United_States_%281777%E2%80%931795%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Continental_Army" title="Continental Army">Continental Army</a><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Army_National_Guard" title="Virginia Army National Guard">Virginia State Militia</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Monroe_(1758-1831).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/James_Monroe_%281758-1831%29.jpg/125px-James_Monroe_%281758-1831%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/James_Monroe_%281758-1831%29.jpg/188px-James_Monroe_%281758-1831%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/James_Monroe_%281758-1831%29.jpg/250px-James_Monroe_%281758-1831%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1076" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/James_Monroe" title="James Monroe">James Monroe</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Revolutionary_War" title="American Revolutionary War">Revolutionary War</a> </td> <td>Dates of service: 1776–1779. Wounded and nearly died in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Trenton" title="Battle of Trenton">Battle of Trenton</a>. Returned to Virginia to recruit and lead a regiment as a militia Lieutenant Colonel, but the regiment was never raised. Commissioned as a Colonel during the British invasion of Virginia in 1780 to command the militia raised in response and act as liaison to the Continental Army in North Carolina. Appointed As Secretary of State during the <a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a>, scouted and deployed troops during the British <a href="/wiki/Burning_of_Washington" title="Burning of Washington">invasion of Washington</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Tennessee_Army_National_Guard" title="Tennessee Army National Guard">Tennessee Militia</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_K._Polk._Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives,_U.S._-_from_life_%26_on_stone_by_Chas._Fenderich_;_printed_by_P.S._Duval,_Lith.,_Philadelphia._LCCN2012648806.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="border["><img alt="border[" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/James_K._Polk._Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives%2C_U.S._-_from_life_%26_on_stone_by_Chas._Fenderich_%3B_printed_by_P.S._Duval%2C_Lith.%2C_Philadelphia._LCCN2012648806.jpg/125px-thumbnail.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="158" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/James_K._Polk._Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives%2C_U.S._-_from_life_%26_on_stone_by_Chas._Fenderich_%3B_printed_by_P.S._Duval%2C_Lith.%2C_Philadelphia._LCCN2012648806.jpg/188px-thumbnail.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/James_K._Polk._Speaker_of_the_House_of_Representatives%2C_U.S._-_from_life_%26_on_stone_by_Chas._Fenderich_%3B_printed_by_P.S._Duval%2C_Lith.%2C_Philadelphia._LCCN2012648806.jpg/250px-thumbnail.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5488" data-file-height="6934" /></a><figcaption>border[</figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/James_K._Polk" title="James K. Polk">James K. Polk</a></b></big> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Captain in a cavalry unit beginning in 1821. Subsequently, appointed Colonel on staff of <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Tennessee" title="Governor of Tennessee">Governor</a> <a href="/wiki/William_Carroll_(Tennessee_politician)" title="William Carroll (Tennessee politician)">William Carroll</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army" title="United States Army">United States Army</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg/125px-Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="203" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg/188px-Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7d/Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg/250px-Col_roosevelt_rough_rider.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3215" data-file-height="5232" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Theodore_Roosevelt" title="Theodore Roosevelt">Theodore Roosevelt</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a><br />–<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg/36px-Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg/54px-Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg/72px-Medal_of_Honor_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a><br /><small>(posthumously; 2001)</small> </td> <td>Commissioned as a Second Lieutenant in the New York National Guard's 8th Regiment in 1882. Company commander with rank of Captain when he resigned in 1886. Famous for <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_San_Juan_Hill#Kettle_Hill" title="Battle of San Juan Hill">charge</a> up <a href="/wiki/San_Juan_Hill_(Cuba)" class="mw-redirect" title="San Juan Hill (Cuba)">San Juan Hill</a>. Posthumously awarded the <a href="/wiki/Medal_of_Honor" title="Medal of Honor">Medal of Honor</a>. As ex-president, volunteered for service in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, but President Wilson declined. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg/125px-Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="188" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg/188px-Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg/250px-Harry_S._Truman_WW_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2089" data-file-height="3150" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman" title="Harry S. Truman">Harry S. Truman</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a><br />-<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="132" data-file-height="36" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Armed_Forces_Reserve_Medal" title="Armed Forces Reserve Medal">Armed Forces Reserve Medal</a> (2) </td> <td>Served 1905–1911, then in <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>, 129th <a href="/wiki/Field_Artillery" class="mw-redirect" title="Field Artillery">Field Artillery</a> (1917–1919), Army Reserves (1919–1953)<sup id="cite_ref-Truman_Library_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Truman_Library-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Commander_(O-5)"><span id="Commander_.28O-5.29"></span>Commander (O-5)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Commander (O-5)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Commander_(United_States)" title="Commander (United States)">Commander (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2">6 </th> <td rowspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg/100px-US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg/150px-US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg/200px-US_Navy_O5_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Commander_(United_States)" title="Commander (United States)">Commander</a> </td> <td rowspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Reserve" title="United States Navy Reserve">Reserve</a>)</small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg/125px-Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg/188px-Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg/250px-Portrait_of_Lyndon_B._Johnson_in_Navy_Uniform_-_42-3-7_-_03-1942.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1546" data-file-height="1943" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Lyndon_B._Johnson" title="Lyndon B. Johnson">Lyndon B. Johnson</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br />–<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-Silver_Star_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Silver_Star" title="Silver Star">Silver Star<br />Medal</a> </td> <td>Awarded Silver Star by General <a href="/wiki/Douglas_MacArthur" title="Douglas MacArthur">Douglas MacArthur</a> for his role as an observer on a <a href="/wiki/Martin_B-26_Marauder" title="Martin B-26 Marauder">Martin B-26 Marauder</a> bomber mission. This award has been the subject of controversy.<sup id="cite_ref-FivePresidents_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FivePresidents-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Caro_page_unknown_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caro_page_unknown-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2024)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup><sup id="cite_ref-b-26marauderarchive_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-b-26marauderarchive-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon,_USN.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon%2C_USN.jpeg/125px-NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon%2C_USN.jpeg" decoding="async" width="125" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon%2C_USN.jpeg/188px-NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon%2C_USN.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon%2C_USN.jpeg/250px-NH_84098_Lieutenant_Commander_Richard_Milhous_Nixon%2C_USN.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="950" data-file-height="1220" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Richard_Nixon" title="Richard Nixon">Richard Nixon</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br />-<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Commendation_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Commendation_Medal" title="Commendation Medal">Navy and Marine Corps Commendation Medal</a> </td> <td>Served 1942–1945 on various islands in the South Pacific and commanded <a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_Combat_Air_Transport_Command" title="South Pacific Combat Air Transport Command">SCAT</a> units in the South Pacific. United States Naval Reserve (1946–1966).<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Major_/_Lieutenant_commander_(O-4)"><span id="Major_.2F_Lieutenant_commander_.28O-4.29"></span>Major / Lieutenant commander (O-4)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Major / Lieutenant commander (O-4)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">Major (United States)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant commander (United States)">Lieutenant commander (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3">7 </th> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/100px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/150px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/200px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/Major_(United_States)" title="Major (United States)">Major</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_New_York_(1896%E2%80%931901).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg/50px-Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="25" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg/75px-Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg/100px-Flag_of_New_York_%281896%E2%80%931901%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="450" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/New_York_Army_National_Guard" title="New York Army National Guard">New York State Militia</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/125px-Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/188px-Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg/250px-Unidentified_Artist_-_Millard_Fillmore_-_Google_Art_Project.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4774" data-file-height="5745" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Millard_Fillmore" title="Millard Fillmore">Millard Fillmore</a></b></big> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Years of service: 1820s–1830s, 1860s–1870s </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/100px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg" decoding="async" width="100" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/150px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg/200px-Union_army_maj_rank_insignia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1365" data-file-height="544" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br />Brevet Major </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/50px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/75px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg/100px-Seal_of_the_United_States_Board_of_War_and_Ordnance.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="719" data-file-height="719" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure>United States Army<br />(volunteers) </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:McKinleyBrady_1865.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/McKinleyBrady_1865.png/125px-McKinleyBrady_1865.png" decoding="async" width="125" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/McKinleyBrady_1865.png/188px-McKinleyBrady_1865.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/McKinleyBrady_1865.png/250px-McKinleyBrady_1865.png 2x" data-file-width="868" data-file-height="1237" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/William_McKinley" title="William McKinley">William McKinley</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a> </td> <td>Served in the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_the_Potomac" title="Army of the Potomac">Army of the Potomac</a>, originally with the 23rd Ohio Infantry, the same unit as President <a href="/wiki/Rutherford_B._Hayes" title="Rutherford B. Hayes">Rutherford B. Hayes</a>. First major engagement in West Virginia in 1861 and was present at the surrender of the <a href="/wiki/Army_of_Northern_Virginia" title="Army of Northern Virginia">Army of Northern Virginia</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg/100px-U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg/150px-U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg/200px-U.S._Navy_O-4_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_commander_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant commander (United States)">Lieutenant Commander</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Reserve" title="United States Navy Reserve">Reserve</a>)</small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GeraldFord1945.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/GeraldFord1945.jpg/125px-GeraldFord1945.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="156" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/GeraldFord1945.jpg/188px-GeraldFord1945.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/GeraldFord1945.jpg/250px-GeraldFord1945.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2342" data-file-height="2927" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Gerald_Ford" title="Gerald Ford">Gerald Ford</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br />-<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-American_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/American_Campaign_Medal" title="American Campaign Medal">American Campaign<br />Medal</a><br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9b/Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-Asiatic-Pacific_Campaign_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Asiatic%E2%80%93Pacific_Campaign_Medal" title="Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal">Asiatic–Pacific Campaign Medal</a> </td> <td>Years of service: 1942–1946. Served on <a href="/wiki/USS_Monterey_(CVL-26)" title="USS Monterey (CVL-26)">USS <i>Monterey</i></a>. Earned 10 <a href="/wiki/Service_star" title="Service star">battle stars</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-CNN_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CNN-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Captain_/_Lieutenant_(naval)_(O-3)"><span id="Captain_.2F_Lieutenant_.28naval.29_.28O-3.29"></span>Captain / Lieutenant (naval) (O-3)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Captain / Lieutenant (naval) (O-3)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)" title="Captain (United States O-3)">Captain (United States O-3)</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(United_States)" title="Lieutenant (United States)">Lieutenant (United States)</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="6">8 </th> <td rowspan="3"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US-O3_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/US-O3_insignia.svg/60px-US-O3_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="56" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/US-O3_insignia.svg/90px-US-O3_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/US-O3_insignia.svg/120px-US-O3_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="534" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/Captain_(United_States_O-3)" title="Captain (United States O-3)">Captain</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Virginia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_Virginia.svg/50px-Seal_of_Virginia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_Virginia.svg/75px-Seal_of_Virginia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Seal_of_Virginia.svg/100px-Seal_of_Virginia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Virginia_Army_National_Guard" title="Virginia Army National Guard">Virginia State Militia</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_(c._1826).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_%28c._1826%29.jpg/125px-John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_%28c._1826%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_%28c._1826%29.jpg/188px-John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_%28c._1826%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_%28c._1826%29.jpg/250px-John_Tyler_-_Governor_of_Virginia_%28c._1826%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="723" data-file-height="949" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/John_Tyler" title="John Tyler">John Tyler</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a> </td> <td>Raised a company for the defense of <a href="/wiki/Richmond,_Virginia" title="Richmond, Virginia">Richmond</a> in 1813 </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Seal_of_Illinois.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Seal_of_Illinois.svg/50px-Seal_of_Illinois.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Seal_of_Illinois.svg/75px-Seal_of_Illinois.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Seal_of_Illinois.svg/100px-Seal_of_Illinois.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="215" data-file-height="214" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Illinois_Army_National_Guard" title="Illinois Army National Guard">Illinois State Militia</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Abelincoln1846.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Abelincoln1846.jpeg/125px-Abelincoln1846.jpeg" decoding="async" width="125" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Abelincoln1846.jpeg/188px-Abelincoln1846.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Abelincoln1846.jpeg/250px-Abelincoln1846.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="741" data-file-height="1024" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Abraham_Lincoln" title="Abraham Lincoln">Abraham Lincoln</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Black_Hawk_War" title="Black Hawk War">Black Hawk War</a> </td> <td>Initially elected to command a company as a captain. Was mustered in and out of service during the Black Hawk War, going from Captain to Private and finishing his service in an independent spy company commanded by Captain Jacob Early. Honorably discharged without seeing combat. Also served in Stillman's Run and the Battle of Kellogg's Grove. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/50px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/75px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg/100px-US_Army_Air_Corps_Hap_Arnold_Wings.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="320" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Air_Forces" title="United States Army Air Forces">United States Army Air Forces</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Reserve">Reserve</a>)</small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg/125px-Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg/188px-Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg/250px-Ronald_Reagan_in_the_US_Army_Air_Force_1940s.jpg 2x" data-file-width="587" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Ronald_Reagan" title="Ronald Reagan">Ronald Reagan</a></b></big> </td> <td>None </td> <td>Served as a second lieutenant in the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Reserve" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Reserve">U.S. Army Reserve</a>; served in the United States Army Air Forces during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, attaining the rank of captain. Was barred from combat because of poor eyesight. Narrated pre-flight training films under the <a href="/wiki/First_Motion_Picture_Unit" title="First Motion Picture Unit">Army Air Forces Motion Picture Unit</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td rowspan="3"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg/100px-US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="171" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg/150px-US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg/200px-US_Navy_O3_insignia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="245" data-file-height="420" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/Lieutenant_(navy)" title="Lieutenant (navy)">Lieutenant</a> </td> <td rowspan="3"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/50px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/75px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b1/Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg/100px-Emblem_of_the_United_States_Navy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="720" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy_Reserve" title="United States Navy Reserve">Reserve</a>)</small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg/125px-1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="161" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg/188px-1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1e/1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg/250px-1942_JFK_uniform_portrait.jpg 2x" data-file-width="760" data-file-height="976" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/John_F._Kennedy" title="John F. Kennedy">John F. Kennedy</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br />–<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="279" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal" title="Navy and Marine Corps Medal">Navy and Marine Corps Medal</a> </td> <td>Commanded a <a href="/wiki/PT_boat" title="PT boat">PT boat</a>. Earned <a href="/wiki/Navy_and_Marine_Corps_Medal" title="Navy and Marine Corps Medal">Navy and Marine Corps Medal</a> for heroism in the <a href="/wiki/Motor_Torpedo_Boat_PT-109" class="mw-redirect" title="Motor Torpedo Boat PT-109">PT-109</a> Incident.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:George_Bush,_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/George_Bush%2C_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif/lossy-page1-125px-George_Bush%2C_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/George_Bush%2C_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif/lossy-page1-188px-George_Bush%2C_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/da/George_Bush%2C_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif/lossy-page1-250px-George_Bush%2C_Navy_pilot_during_World_War_II_-_NARA_-_186380.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2391" data-file-height="3000" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/George_H._W._Bush" title="George H. W. Bush">George H. W. Bush</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br />–<br /><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg/36px-Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg/54px-Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg/72px-Distinguished_Flying_Cross_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(United_States)" title="Distinguished Flying Cross (United States)">Distinguished Flying<br />Cross</a> </td> <td>Years of service: 1942–1955 (on active service 1942–1945). Second<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> youngest pilot in the <a href="/wiki/United_States_Navy" title="United States Navy">United States Navy</a> during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a> (Three days before turning 19).<sup id="cite_ref-Naval_Historical_Center_28-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Naval_Historical_Center-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Earned <a href="/wiki/Distinguished_Flying_Cross_(U.S.)" class="mw-redirect" title="Distinguished Flying Cross (U.S.)">Distinguished Flying<br />Cross</a>. </td></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:United_States_Navy_Presidents_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/United_States_Navy_Presidents_%28cropped%29.jpg/125px-United_States_Navy_Presidents_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/United_States_Navy_Presidents_%28cropped%29.jpg/188px-United_States_Navy_Presidents_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/United_States_Navy_Presidents_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-United_States_Navy_Presidents_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="511" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/Jimmy_Carter" title="Jimmy Carter">Jimmy Carter</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a><br />-<br /><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/36px-China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/54px-China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg/72px-China_Service_Medal_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="218" data-file-height="60" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/China_Service_Medal" title="China Service Medal">China Service<br />Medal</a> </td> <td>Years of service: 1946–1961 (on active service 1946–1953). Graduated 59th in class of 1946 out of 820, United States Naval Academy at Annapolis, <a href="/wiki/Submarine" title="Submarine">Submarine</a> service (Nuclear Specialist). Midshipman during <a href="/wiki/World_War_II" title="World War II">World War II</a>, served during the <a href="/wiki/Korean_War" title="Korean War">Korean War</a>, but never sent to <a href="/wiki/Korea" title="Korea">Korea</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="First_lieutenant_(O-2)"><span id="First_lieutenant_.28O-2.29"></span>First lieutenant (O-2)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: First lieutenant (O-2)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant#United_States" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant § United States</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3">9 </th></tr> <tr> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg/60px-US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="60" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg/90px-US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg/120px-US_Air_Force_O2_shoulderboard.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="92" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><a href="/wiki/First_lieutenant" title="First lieutenant">First lieutenant</a> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/50px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/75px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg/100px-Mark_of_the_United_States_Air_Force.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><a href="/wiki/United_States_Air_Force" title="United States Air Force">United States Air Force</a><br /><small>(<a href="/wiki/Air_National_Guard" title="Air National Guard">Air National Guard</a>)</small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg/125px-GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="173" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg/188px-GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg/250px-GW-Bush-in-uniform.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1499" data-file-height="2076" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/George_W._Bush" title="George W. Bush">George W. Bush</a></b></big> </td> <td>None<br />-<br /><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg/36px-Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="36" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg/54px-Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg/72px-Outstanding_Unit_ribbon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="106" data-file-height="30" /></a></span><br /><a href="/wiki/Air_and_Space_Outstanding_Unit_Award" title="Air and Space Outstanding Unit Award">Air and Space<br /> Outstanding Unit<br />Award</a> </td> <td>He performed Air National Guard duty as an F-102 pilot through April 1972, logging 336 hours, when he lost his authorization to be a pilot for failing to meet attendance and physical examination requirements.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was later discharged eight months short of his six-year service requirement.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Private">Private</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Private"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Private_(rank)#United_States" title="Private (rank)">Private (rank) § United States</a></div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center;"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="4%">Rank order </th> <th width="13%">Highest rank </th> <th width="12%">Branch </th> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="20%">Combat experience </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <th>10 </th> <td>Private </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png/50px-Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png/75px-Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png/100px-Pennsylvania_National_Guard_state_seal.png 2x" data-file-width="225" data-file-height="225" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><br /><small><a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania_National_Guard" title="Pennsylvania National Guard">Pennsylvania National Guard</a></small> </td> <td><figure class="mw-halign-center mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg/125px-James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg" decoding="async" width="125" height="160" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg/188px-James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg/250px-James_Buchanan_painted_by_J._Eichholtz.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1095" data-file-height="1400" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure><big><b><a href="/wiki/James_Buchanan" title="James Buchanan">James Buchanan</a></b></big> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/War_of_1812" title="War of 1812">War of 1812</a> </td> <td>Joined volunteer light dragoon unit and served in defense of Baltimore. Only future president with military service who did not serve as an officer. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Did_not_serve">Did not serve</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Did not serve"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr style="vertical-align:bottom;"> <th width="18%">President </th> <th width="31%">Service notes </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Adams" title="John Adams">John Adams</a> </td> <td>Adams was 41 years old when the Revolutionary War broke out and did not serve in the field. In addition to his diplomatic duties during the war, he served an executive role in managing the distribution of ammunition and other supplies for the Continental Army and coordinating strategic communication among the generals of the various theaters. He is sometimes called the "de facto Secretary of War" during this time. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/John_Quincy_Adams" title="John Quincy Adams">John Quincy Adams</a> </td> <td>The U.S. did not fight any major wars during the time when Adams was of the usual age for military service (18 to 33) and the peacetime armed forces were very small during this time. It would not have been expected for a member of a prominent, wealthy family to serve unless a war broke out. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Martin_Van_Buren" title="Martin Van Buren">Martin Van Buren</a> </td> <td>Van Buren was a member of the New York state senate when the War of 1812 began and was involved in the military justice system and on issues of military administration during the war. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> </td> <td>Drafted during the <a href="/wiki/American_Civil_War" title="American Civil War">Civil War</a>, but paid $150 for a substitute (a legal option under the terms of the <a href="/wiki/Enrollment_Act" title="Enrollment Act">Enrollment Act</a> of 1863, and his substitute survived the war). </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Woodrow_Wilson" title="Woodrow Wilson">Woodrow Wilson</a> </td> <td>The U.S. did not fight any major wars during the time when Wilson was of the usual age for military service (18 to 33) and the peacetime armed forces were very small during this time. Wilson was in his mid-40s and working as a professor at Princeton during the Spanish-American War. Moreover, his poor health (he had experienced a minor stroke in 1896),<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> would have disqualified him from any active service. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Warren_G._Harding" title="Warren G. Harding">Warren G. Harding</a> </td> <td>Harding was a 33-year-old member of the Ohio state senate when the Spanish-American War broke out. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Calvin_Coolidge" title="Calvin Coolidge">Calvin Coolidge</a> </td> <td>Coolidge was 26 years old, practicing as an attorney, and serving as a city council member when the Spanish-American War broke out. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Herbert_Hoover" title="Herbert Hoover">Herbert Hoover</a> </td> <td>Served in a private humanitarian capacity as a civilian in Europe during <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>. He was also involved in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tientsin" title="Battle of Tientsin">Siege of Tientsin</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Boxer_Rebellion" title="Boxer Rebellion">Boxer Rebellion</a> as a guide for U.S. Marines. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Franklin_D._Roosevelt" title="Franklin D. Roosevelt">Franklin D. Roosevelt</a> </td> <td>Attempted to join the Navy during the <a href="/wiki/Spanish%E2%80%93American_War" title="Spanish–American War">Spanish–American War</a> but was unable as he contracted <a href="/wiki/Measles" title="Measles">measles</a>. Served as <a href="/wiki/Assistant_Secretary_of_the_Navy" class="mw-redirect" title="Assistant Secretary of the Navy">Assistant Secretary of the Navy</a> from 1913 and through <a href="/wiki/World_War_I" title="World War I">World War I</a>; when the U.S. entered the war in 1917 he offered his resignation so that he could apply for a commission in the Navy, but was refused by the president. However he did visit the Western Front 1918. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Bill_Clinton" title="Bill Clinton">Bill Clinton</a> </td> <td>Received a 2-A <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">student draft deferment</a> during the <a href="/wiki/Vietnam_War" title="Vietnam War">Vietnam War</a>, and later registered for the draft. He received a high draft number, was not drafted and did not serve. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Barack_Obama" title="Barack Obama">Barack Obama</a> </td> <td>Reached age 18 in 1979, six years after the end of <a href="/wiki/Conscription_in_the_United_States" title="Conscription in the United States">the military draft</a> in the U.S. </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Donald_Trump" title="Donald Trump">Donald Trump</a> </td> <td>Attended <a href="/wiki/New_York_Military_Academy" title="New York Military Academy">New York Military Academy</a> for secondary school, graduating in 1964. Received four draft deferments while attending college, then one for medical reasons after he was diagnosed with <a href="/wiki/Exostosis" title="Exostosis">bone spurs</a> on his heels.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Joe_Biden" title="Joe Biden">Joe Biden</a> </td> <td>While in school, received five student draft deferments and afterward was classified as unavailable for military service due to asthma. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">List of presidents of the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_military_seniority" title="United States military seniority">United States military seniority</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">As of 2021<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>. While there have been 46 presidencies, only 45 individuals have served as president: <a href="/wiki/Grover_Cleveland" title="Grover Cleveland">Grover Cleveland</a> served two non-consecutive terms and is numbered as both the 22nd and 24th U.S. president.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Only person that received the rank while still on active service, <a href="/wiki/John_J._Pershing" title="John J. Pershing">John J. Pershing</a>, only ever wore 4 silver stars like other 4-star generals.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">See <a href="/wiki/Military_career_of_George_Washington" title="Military career of George Washington">Military career of George Washington</a> for additional information.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Washington attained the rank of colonel in the French and Indian War; see <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_in_the_French_and_Indian_War" title="George Washington in the French and Indian War">George Washington in the French and Indian War</a> for additional information.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For additional information, see <a href="/wiki/George_Washington_in_the_American_Revolution" title="George Washington in the American Revolution">George Washington in the American Revolution</a>.</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Nicolas Hobbes. "US Presidents of Military Rank (in order of presidency)". <i>Essential Militaria</i>. Atlantic Books, an imprint of Grove Atlantic. 2003. ISBN 1-84354-229-3. p 59.</li></ul> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMiddlekauff,_R.2005" class="citation book cs1">Middlekauff, R. (2005). <i>The Glorious Cause: The American Revolution, 1763-1789</i>. Oxford University Press. p. 603. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-516247-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-516247-9"><bdi>978-0-19-516247-9</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Glorious+Cause%3A+The+American+Revolution%2C+1763-1789&rft.pages=603&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-19-516247-9&rft.au=Middlekauff%2C+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWood,_G._S.2009" class="citation book cs1">Wood, G. S. (2009). "Chapter 7: The crisis of 1798-99". <i>Empire of Liberty: A History of the Early Republic, 1789-1815</i>. Oxford University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+7%3A+The+crisis+of+1798-99&rft.btitle=Empire+of+Liberty%3A+A+History+of+the+Early+Republic%2C+1789-1815&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Wood%2C+G.+S.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://founders.archives.gov/?q=%20Author%3A%22Washington%2C%20George%22&s=1111211111&r=1">"Papers of George Washington"</a>, <i>Founders Online</i>, University of Virginia Press<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 April</span> 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Founders+Online&rft.atitle=Papers+of+George+Washington&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ffounders.archives.gov%2F%3Fq%3D%2520Author%253A%2522Washington%252C%2520George%2522%26s%3D1111211111%26r%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnderson,_F.2007" class="citation book cs1">Anderson, F. (2007). "Chapter 4: Washington steps onto the stage". <i>Crucible of War: The Seven Years' War and the Fate of Empire in British North America, 1754-1766</i>. Knopf.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+4%3A+Washington+steps+onto+the+stage&rft.btitle=Crucible+of+War%3A+The+Seven+Years%27+War+and+the+Fate+of+Empire+in+British+North+America%2C+1754-1766&rft.pub=Knopf&rft.date=2007&rft.au=Anderson%2C+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFowler,_W._M.,_Jr2009" class="citation book cs1">Fowler, W. M., Jr (2009). "Chapter 2: George Washington helps start a war". <i>Empires at War: The French and Indian War and the Struggle for North America, 1754-1763</i>. Bloomsbury.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+George+Washington+helps+start+a+war&rft.btitle=Empires+at+War%3A+The+French+and+Indian+War+and+the+Struggle+for+North+America%2C+1754-1763&rft.pub=Bloomsbury&rft.date=2009&rft.au=Fowler%2C+W.+M.%2C+Jr&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlexner,_J._T.1968" class="citation book cs1">Flexner, J. T. (1968). <i>George Washington in the American Revolution</i>. Little, Brown & Company. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-316-28595-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-316-28595-7"><bdi>978-0-316-28595-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=George+Washington+in+the+American+Revolution&rft.pub=Little%2C+Brown+%26+Company&rft.date=1968&rft.isbn=978-0-316-28595-7&rft.au=Flexner%2C+J.+T.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChernow,_R.2010" class="citation book cs1">Chernow, R. (2010). "Part Three: The General". <i>Washington: A Life</i>. Penguin.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Part+Three%3A+The+General&rft.btitle=Washington%3A+A+Life&rft.pub=Penguin&rft.date=2010&rft.au=Chernow%2C+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCrytzer,_B._J.2023" class="citation book cs1">Crytzer, B. J. (2023). <i>The Whiskey Rebellion: A Distilled History of an American Crisis</i>. Westholme Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59416-400-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59416-400-2"><bdi>978-1-59416-400-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Whiskey+Rebellion%3A+A+Distilled+History+of+an+American+Crisis&rft.pub=Westholme+Publishing&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-1-59416-400-2&rft.au=Crytzer%2C+B.+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHogeland,_W.2006" class="citation book cs1">Hogeland, W. (2006). <i>The Whiskey Rebellion: George Washington, Alexander Hamilton, and the Frontier Rebels Who Challenged America's Newfound Sovereignty</i>. Scribner. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-5490-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7432-5490-8"><bdi>978-0-7432-5490-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Whiskey+Rebellion%3A+George+Washington%2C+Alexander+Hamilton%2C+and+the+Frontier+Rebels+Who+Challenged+America%27s+Newfound+Sovereignty&rft.pub=Scribner&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=978-0-7432-5490-8&rft.au=Hogeland%2C+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Public_Law_94-479" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Public Law 94-479">wikisource:Public Law 94-479</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Order_31-3" class="extiw" title="wikisource:Order 31-3">wikisource:Order 31-3</a> Department of the Army Order Number 31-3 of 13 March 1978</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn84026749/1917-08-07/ed-1/seq-3/#date1=1917&index=15&date2=1917&searchType=advanced&language=&sequence=0&words=general+GENERAL+MAJOR+major+Taft+TAFT&proxdistance=5&rows=20&ortext=&proxtext=Taft+Major+general&phrasetext=&andtext=&dateFilterType=yearRange&page=1">"Night Final"</a>. <i>The Washington Times</i>. August 7, 1917. p. 3 – via Chronicling America at the Library of Congress.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Washington+Times&rft.atitle=Night+Final&rft.pages=3&rft.date=1917-08-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fchroniclingamerica.loc.gov%2Flccn%2Fsn84026749%2F1917-08-07%2Fed-1%2Fseq-3%2F%23date1%3D1917%26index%3D15%26date2%3D1917%26searchType%3Dadvanced%26language%3D%26sequence%3D0%26words%3Dgeneral%2BGENERAL%2BMAJOR%2Bmajor%2BTaft%2BTAFT%26proxdistance%3D5%26rows%3D20%26ortext%3D%26proxtext%3DTaft%2BMajor%2Bgeneral%26phrasetext%3D%26andtext%3D%26dateFilterType%3DyearRange%26page%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span> See Image 3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Truman_Library-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Truman_Library_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.trumanlibrary.org/hstpaper/rg407.htm">"Military Personnel File of Harry S. Truman"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Harry_S._Truman_Presidential_Library_and_Museum" title="Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum">Harry S. Truman Presidential Library and Museum</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">January 1,</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Military+Personnel+File+of+Harry+S.+Truman&rft.pub=Harry+S.+Truman+Presidential+Library+and+Museum&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.trumanlibrary.org%2Fhstpaper%2Frg407.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FivePresidents-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FivePresidents_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.americanwarriorsfivepresidents.com/">"American Warriors Home Page"</a>. americanwarriorsfivepresidents.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=American+Warriors+Home+Page&rft.pub=americanwarriorsfivepresidents.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.americanwarriorsfivepresidents.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq60-6.htm">Commander Lyndon B. Johnson, USNR</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/index.html">Naval Historical Center</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Caro_page_unknown-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Caro_page_unknown_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCaro1982" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Caro" title="Robert Caro">Caro, Robert</a> (1982). <i><a href="/wiki/The_Years_of_Lyndon_Johnson:_The_Path_to_Power" class="mw-redirect" title="The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power">The Years of Lyndon Johnson: The Path to Power</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_A._Knopf" title="Alfred A. Knopf">Alfred A. Knopf</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-49973-5" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-49973-5"><bdi>0-394-49973-5</bdi></a>. <q>The most you can say about Lyndon Johnson and his Silver Star is that it is surely one of the most undeserved Silver Stars in history, because if you accept everything that he said, he was still in action for no more than 13 minutes and only as an observer. Men who flew many missions, brave men, never got a Silver Star.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Years+of+Lyndon+Johnson%3A+The+Path+to+Power&rft.pub=Alfred+A.+Knopf&rft.date=1982&rft.isbn=0-394-49973-5&rft.aulast=Caro&rft.aufirst=Robert&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-b-26marauderarchive-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-b-26marauderarchive_22-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFTillmanSakaida" class="citation web cs1">Tillman, Barrett; Sakaida, Henry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.b-26marauderarchive.org/ms/MS1709/MS1709.htm">"LBJ's Silver Star: The Mission That Never Was"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 22,</span> 2009</span>. <q>The fact is LBJ never got within sight of Japanese forces.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LBJ%27s+Silver+Star%3A+The+Mission+That+Never+Was&rft.aulast=Tillman&rft.aufirst=Barrett&rft.au=Sakaida%2C+Henry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.b-26marauderarchive.org%2Fms%2FMS1709%2FMS1709.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.history.navy.mil/content/history/nhhc/research/histories/biographies-list/bios-n/nixon-richard.html">"Richard Milhous Nixon: 9 January 1913–22 April 1994"</a>. <i>Naval History and Heritage Command</i>. United States Navy. February 18, 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 1,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Naval+History+and+Heritage+Command&rft.atitle=Richard+Milhous+Nixon%3A+9+January+1913%E2%80%9322+April+1994&rft.date=2015-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.history.navy.mil%2Fcontent%2Fhistory%2Fnhhc%2Fresearch%2Fhistories%2Fbiographies-list%2Fbios-n%2Fnixon-richard.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CNN-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CNN_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/SPECIALS/2006/obit.ford/story/overview/index.html">"CNN.com Specials"</a>. cnn.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 25,</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CNN.com+Specials&rft.pub=cnn.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2FSPECIALS%2F2006%2Fobit.ford%2Fstory%2Foverview%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/bios/ford_gerald.htm">Lieutenant Commander Gerald R. Ford, USNR</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/index.html">Naval Historical Center</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq60-2.htm">Lieutenant John F. Kennedy, USN</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/index.html">Naval Historical Center</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Ryder, Robert Randall "My War Chuck Downey Youngest Naval Aviator in WWII." <i>Sea Classics</i>, August 2013. "Off he went for training in Memphis, Tenn., before heading to Pensacola, Fla., for flight school, where he was commissioned as an Ensign in the U.S. Navy on July 16, 1943. Downey was the tender age of 18 years, 11 months, and 14 days when he earned his wings."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Naval_Historical_Center-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Naval_Historical_Center_28-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/faqs/faq10-1.htm">Lieutenant Junior Grade George Bush, USNR</a> from the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.history.navy.mil/index.html">Naval Historical Center</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/19970206084126/http://www.history.navy.mil/index.html">Archived</a> 1997-02-06 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.factcheck.org/democratic_groups_ad_revives_awol_allegation_against.html">"Democratic Group's Ad Revives "AWOL" Allegation Against Bush"</a>. FactCheck.org<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Democratic+Group%27s+Ad+Revives+%22AWOL%22+Allegation+Against+Bush&rft.pub=FactCheck.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.factcheck.org%2Fdemocratic_groups_ad_revives_awol_allegation_against.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRoane" class="citation web cs1">Roane, Kit R. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.usnews.com/usnews/news/articles/roane040908.htm">"Bush's military service in question – again (9/8/04)"</a>. USNews.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">May 24,</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bush%27s+military+service+in+question+%E2%80%93+again+%289%2F8%2F04%29&rft.pub=USNews.com&rft.aulast=Roane&rft.aufirst=Kit+R.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.usnews.com%2Fusnews%2Fnews%2Farticles%2Froane040908.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLynn2004" class="citation magazine cs1">Lynn, Kenneth S. (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://archive.wilsonquarterly.com/essays/hidden-agony-woodrow-wilson">"The Hidden Agony of Woodrow Wilson"</a>. <i>The Wilson Quarterly</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">October 26,</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Wilson+Quarterly&rft.atitle=The+Hidden+Agony+of+Woodrow+Wilson&rft.date=2004&rft.aulast=Lynn&rft.aufirst=Kenneth+S.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farchive.wilsonquarterly.com%2Fessays%2Fhidden-agony-woodrow-wilson&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFEderPhilipps2016" class="citation news cs1">Eder, Steve; Philipps, Dave (August 1, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/02/us/politics/donald-trump-draft-record.html">"Donald Trump's Draft Deferments: Four for College, One for Bad Feet"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a></i>. New York, NY. p. A1.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Donald+Trump%27s+Draft+Deferments%3A+Four+for+College%2C+One+for+Bad+Feet&rft.pages=A1&rft.date=2016-08-01&rft.aulast=Eder&rft.aufirst=Steve&rft.au=Philipps%2C+Dave&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2016%2F08%2F02%2Fus%2Fpolitics%2Fdonald-trump-draft-record.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AList+of+presidents+of+the+United+States+by+military+rank" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_rank&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/PRESIDENCY/5d5.html">Military Service of the Presidents</a> from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://americanhistory.si.edu/">Smithsonian National Museum of American History</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Lists_of_US_presidents_and_vice_presidents" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Lists of US presidents and vice presidents"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_related_to_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists related to presidents and vice presidents of the United States</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of presidents of the United States">List of presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of vice presidents of the United States">List of vice presidents</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Professional<br />career</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_approval_rating" title="United States presidential approval rating">Approval rating</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_assassination_attempts_and_plots" title="List of United States presidential assassination attempts and plots">Assassination attempts and plots</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Divided_government_in_the_United_States" title="Divided government in the United States">Control of Congress</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oval_Office_desks" title="List of Oval Office desks">Desks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_doctrines" title="United States presidential doctrines">Doctrines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_federal_executive_orders" title="List of United States federal executive orders">Executive orders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_rankings_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Historical rankings of presidents of the United States">Historical rankings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach presidents of the United States">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_international_trips_made_by_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of international trips made by presidents of the United States">International trips</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_judicial_appointments" title="List of presidents of the United States by judicial appointments">Judicial appointments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_military_service" title="List of presidents of the United States by military service">Military service</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">rank</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_official_vehicles_of_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of official vehicles of the president of the United States">Official vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_other_offices_held" title="List of presidents of the United States by other offices held">Other offices held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_pardoned_or_granted_clemency_by_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of people pardoned or granted clemency by the president of the United States">Pardons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_former_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_ran_for_office" title="List of former presidents of the United States who ran for office">Post-presidency campaigns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_previous_experience" title="List of presidents of the United States by previous experience">Previous experience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_time_in_office" title="List of presidents of the United States by time in office">Time in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_vetoes" title="List of United States presidential vetoes">Vetoes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Personal life</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of presidents of the United States by age">Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancestral_background_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Ancestral background of presidents of the United States">Ancestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_bibliographies_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of bibliographies of presidents of the United States">Bibliographies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_autobiographies_by_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of autobiographies by presidents of the United States">autobiographies</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States#Presidential_burial_places" title="List of burial places of presidents and vice presidents of the United States">Burial places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_personal_coats_of_arms_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of personal coats of arms of presidents of the United States">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_date_of_death" title="List of presidents of the United States by date of death">Death</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_died_in_office" title="List of presidents of the United States who died in office">in office</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_education" title="List of presidents of the United States by education">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_with_facial_hair" title="List of presidents of the United States with facial hair">Facial hair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_family_of_the_United_States" title="First family of the United States">Families</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_first_ladies_of_the_United_States" title="List of first ladies of the United States">first ladies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of children of presidents of the United States">children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_firsts" title="List of United States presidential firsts">Firsts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_were_Freemasons" title="List of presidents of the United States who were Freemasons">Freemasons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_home_state" title="List of presidents of the United States by home state">Home state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_left-handed_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of left-handed presidents of the United States">Left-handed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_multilingual_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of multilingual presidents of the United States">Multilingualism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_net_worth" title="List of presidents of the United States by net worth">Net worth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nicknames_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of nicknames of presidents of the United States">Nicknames</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_pets" title="United States presidential pets">Pets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_affiliations_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Religious affiliations of presidents of the United States">Religious affiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_residences_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of residences of presidents of the United States">Residences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_involved_in_Scouting" title="List of presidents of the United States involved in Scouting">Scouts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_owned_slaves" title="List of presidents of the United States who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_vacations" title="United States presidential vacations">Vacations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Depictions<br />and honors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_actors_who_have_played_the_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of actors who have played the president of the United States">Actor portrayals</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_fictional_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Lists of fictional presidents of the United States">fictional</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_presidents_of_the_United_States_on_currency" title="List of presidents of the United States on currency">Currency</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_institutions_named_after_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of educational institutions named after presidents of the United States">Educational institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_library_system#List_of_presidential_libraries" title="Presidential library system">Libraries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidential_memorials_in_the_United_States" title="Presidential memorials in the United States">Memorials</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_buildings_and_monuments_honoring_presidents_of_the_United_States_in_other_countries" class="mw-redirect" title="List of buildings and monuments honoring presidents of the United States in other countries">in other countries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._military_vessels_named_after_presidents" title="List of U.S. military vessels named after presidents">Military vessels</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portraits_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Portraits of presidents of the United States">Portraits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_sculptures_of_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of sculptures of presidents of the United States">Sculptures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._counties_named_after_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of U.S. counties named after presidents of the United States">U.S. counties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presidents_of_the_United_States_on_U.S._postage_stamps" title="Presidents of the United States on U.S. postage stamps">U.S. postage stamps</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Vice presidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_age" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by age">Age</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_burial_places_of_presidents_and_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States#Vice_presidential_burial_places" title="List of burial places of presidents and vice presidents of the United States">Burial places</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_personal_coats_of_arms_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of personal coats of arms of vice presidents of the United States">Coats of arms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_education" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by education">Education</a></li> <li>Families <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Second_ladies_and_gentlemen_of_the_United_States" title="Second ladies and gentlemen of the United States">spouses</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_children_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of children of vice presidents of the United States">children</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_home_state" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by home state">Home state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_efforts_to_impeach_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="List of efforts to impeach vice presidents of the United States">Impeachment efforts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_other_offices_held" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by other offices held">Other offices held</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_ran_for_president" title="List of vice presidents of the United States who ran for president">Ran for president</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_affiliations_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States" title="Religious affiliations of vice presidents of the United States">Religious affiliation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_who_owned_slaves" title="List of vice presidents of the United States who owned slaves">Slave owners</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_tie-breaking_votes_cast_by_the_vice_president_of_the_United_States" title="List of tie-breaking votes cast by the vice president of the United States">Tie-breaking votes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_vice_presidents_of_the_United_States_by_time_in_office" title="List of vice presidents of the United States by time in office">Time in office</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_Senate_Vice_Presidential_Bust_Collection" title="United States Senate Vice Presidential Bust Collection">U.S. Senate bust collection</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_line_of_succession" title="United States presidential line of succession">Succession</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acting_President_of_the_United_States" title="Acting President of the United States">Acting presidents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Designated_survivor" title="Designated survivor">Designated survivors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_inauguration#List_of_inauguration_ceremonies" title="United States presidential inauguration">Inaugurations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_transition#List_of_presidential_transitions" title="United States presidential transition">Transitions</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_States_presidential_election" title="United States presidential election">Elections</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_Electoral_College_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by Electoral College margin">Electoral College margin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_by_popular_vote_margin" title="List of United States presidential elections by popular vote margin">Popular vote margin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_elections_in_which_the_winner_lost_the_popular_vote" title="List of United States presidential elections in which the winner lost the popular vote">Winner lost popular vote</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates" title="List of United States presidential candidates">Candidates</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_the_United_States" title="List of political parties in the United States">Political affiliation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Democratic_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Democratic Party presidential tickets">Democratic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Democratic-Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of Democratic-Republican Party presidential tickets">Democratic-Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Federalist_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of Federalist Party presidential tickets">Federalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Green_Party_of_the_United_States_presidential_tickets" title="List of Green Party of the United States presidential tickets">Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Libertarian_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Libertarian Party presidential tickets">Libertarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_National_Republican_and_Whig_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States National Republican and Whig Party presidential tickets">National Republican / Whig</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_Republican_Party_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States Republican Party presidential tickets">Republican</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_major_third-party_and_independent_presidential_tickets" title="List of United States major third-party and independent presidential tickets">Third party / independent</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Distinctions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_African-American_United_States_presidential_and_vice_presidential_candidates" title="List of African-American United States presidential and vice presidential candidates">African American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_U.S._presidential_campaign_slogans" title="List of U.S. presidential campaign slogans">Campaign slogans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_female_United_States_presidential_and_vice_presidential_candidates" title="List of female United States presidential and vice presidential candidates">Female</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heights_of_presidents_and_presidential_candidates_of_the_United_States" title="Heights of presidents and presidential candidates of the United States">Height</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_major-party_United_States_presidential_candidates_who_lost_their_home_state" title="List of major-party United States presidential candidates who lost their home state">Lost their home state</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of votes received">Number of votes received</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_presidential_candidates_by_number_of_primary_votes_received" title="List of United States presidential candidates by number of primary votes received">in primaries</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_who_received_an_electoral_vote_in_the_United_States_Electoral_College" title="List of people who received an electoral vote in the United States Electoral College">Received at least one electoral vote</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for President of the United States">Unsuccessful major party presidential candidates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_unsuccessful_major_party_candidates_for_Vice_President_of_the_United_States" title="List of unsuccessful major party candidates for Vice President of the United States">Unsuccessful major party vice presidential candidates</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Symbol_portal_class.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Portal"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" 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