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Packirisamy</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Muthukumaran Packirisamy"> <meta name="keywords" content="Muthukumaran Packirisamy"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Muthukumaran Packirisamy"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Muthukumaran Packirisamy</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11</span> Increase of Sensitivity in 3D Suspended Polymeric Microfluidic Platform through Lateral Misalignment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ehsan%20Yazdanpanah%20Moghadam">Ehsan Yazdanpanah Moghadam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muthukumaran%20Packirisamy"> Muthukumaran Packirisamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the present study, a design of the suspended polymeric microfluidic platform is introduced that is fabricated with three polymeric layers. Changing the microchannel plane to be perpendicular to microcantilever plane, drastically decreases moment of inertia in that direction. In addition, the platform is made of polymer (around five orders of magnitude less compared to silicon). It causes significant increase in the sensitivity of the cantilever deflection. Next, although the dimensions of this platform are constant, by misaligning the embedded microchannels laterally in the suspended microfluidic platform, the sensitivity can be highly increased. The investigation is studied on four fluids including water, seawater, milk, and blood for flow ranges from low rate of 5 to 70 µl/min to obtain the best design with the highest sensitivity. The best design in this study shows the sensitivity increases around 50% for water, seawater, milk, and blood at the flow rate of 70 µl/min by just misaligning the embedded microchannels in the suspended polymeric microfluidic platform. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidic" title="microfluidic">microfluidic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensor" title=" biosensor"> biosensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microresonator" title=" microresonator"> microresonator</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81819/increase-of-sensitivity-in-3d-suspended-polymeric-microfluidic-platform-through-lateral-misalignment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/81819.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">223</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">10</span> Microfluidic Plasmonic Bio-Sensing of Exosomes by Using a Gold Nano-Island Platform</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Srinivas%20Bathini">Srinivas Bathini</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Duraichelvan%20Raju"> Duraichelvan Raju</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Simona%20Badilescu"> Simona Badilescu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muthukumaran%20Packirisamy"> Muthukumaran Packirisamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> A bio-sensing method, based on the plasmonic property of gold nano-islands, has been developed for detection of exosomes in a clinical setting. The position of the gold plasmon band in the UV-Visible spectrum depends on the size and shape of gold nanoparticles as well as on the surrounding environment. By adsorbing various chemical entities, or binding them, the gold plasmon band will shift toward longer wavelengths and the shift is proportional to the concentration. Exosomes transport cargoes of molecules and genetic materials to proximal and distal cells. Presently, the standard method for their isolation and quantification from body fluids is by ultracentrifugation, not a practical method to be implemented in a clinical setting. Thus, a versatile and cutting-edge platform is required to selectively detect and isolate exosomes for further analysis at clinical level. The new sensing protocol, instead of antibodies, makes use of a specially synthesized polypeptide (Vn96), to capture and quantify the exosomes from different media, by binding the heat shock proteins from exosomes. The protocol has been established and optimized by using a glass substrate, in order to facilitate the next stage, namely the transfer of the protocol to a microfluidic environment. After each step of the protocol, the UV-Vis spectrum was recorded and the position of gold Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR) band was measured. The sensing process was modelled, taking into account the characteristics of the nano-island structure, prepared by thermal convection and annealing. The optimal molar ratios of the most important chemical entities, involved in the detection of exosomes were calculated as well. Indeed, it was found that the results of the sensing process depend on the two major steps: the molar ratios of streptavidin to biotin-PEG-Vn96 and, the final step, the capture of exosomes by the biotin-PEG-Vn96 complex. The microfluidic device designed for sensing of exosomes consists of a glass substrate, sealed by a PDMS layer that contains the channel and a collecting chamber. In the device, the solutions of linker, cross-linker, etc., are pumped over the gold nano-islands and an Ocean Optics spectrometer is used to measure the position of the Au plasmon band at each step of the sensing. The experiments have shown that the shift of the Au LSPR band is proportional to the concentration of exosomes and, thereby, exosomes can be accurately quantified. An important advantage of the method is the ability to discriminate between exosomes having different origins. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exosomes" title="exosomes">exosomes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=gold%20nano-islands" title=" gold nano-islands"> gold nano-islands</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidics" title=" microfluidics"> microfluidics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=plasmonic%20biosensing" title=" plasmonic biosensing"> plasmonic biosensing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83124/microfluidic-plasmonic-bio-sensing-of-exosomes-by-using-a-gold-nano-island-platform" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83124.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">172</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">9</span> Force Sensor for Robotic Graspers in Minimally Invasive Surgery</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Naghmeh%20M.%20Bandari">Naghmeh M. Bandari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Dargahi"> Javad Dargahi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muthukumaran%20Packirisamy"> Muthukumaran Packirisamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Robot-assisted minimally invasive surgery (RMIS) has been widely performed around the world during the last two decades. RMIS demonstrates significant advantages over conventional surgery, e.g., improving the accuracy and dexterity of a surgeon, providing 3D vision, motion scaling, hand-eye coordination, decreasing tremor, and reducing x-ray exposure for surgeons. Despite benefits, surgeons cannot touch the surgical site and perceive tactile information. This happens due to the remote control of robots. The literature survey identified the lack of force feedback as the riskiest limitation in the existing technology. Without the perception of tool-tissue contact force, the surgeon might apply an excessive force causing tissue laceration or insufficient force causing tissue slippage. The primary use of force sensors has been to measure the tool-tissue interaction force in real-time in-situ. Design of a tactile sensor is subjected to a set of design requirements, e.g., biocompatibility, electrical-passivity, MRI-compatibility, miniaturization, ability to measure static and dynamic force. In this study, a planar optical fiber-based sensor was proposed to mount at the surgical grasper. It was developed based on the light intensity modulation principle. The deflectable part of the sensor was a beam modeled as a cantilever Euler-Bernoulli beam on rigid substrates. A semi-cylindrical indenter was attached to the bottom surface the beam at the mid-span. An optical fiber was secured at both ends on the same rigid substrates. The indenter was in contact with the fiber. External force on the sensor caused deflection in the beam and optical fiber simultaneously. The micro-bending of the optical fiber would consequently result in light power loss. The sensor was simulated and studied using finite element methods. A laser light beam with 800nm wavelength and 5mW power was used as the input to the optical fiber. The output power was measured using a photodetector. The voltage from photodetector was calibrated to the external force for a chirp input (0.1-5Hz). The range, resolution, and hysteresis of the sensor were studied under monotonic and harmonic external forces of 0-2.0N with 0 and 5Hz, respectively. The results confirmed the validity of proposed sensing principle. Also, the sensor demonstrated an acceptable linearity (R2 > 0.9). A minimum external force was observed below which no power loss was detectable. It is postulated that this phenomenon is attributed to the critical angle of the optical fiber to observe total internal reflection. The experimental results were of negligible hysteresis (R2 > 0.9) and in fair agreement with the simulations. In conclusion, the suggested planar sensor is assessed to be a cost-effective solution, feasible, and easy to use the sensor for being miniaturized and integrated at the tip of robotic graspers. Geometrical and optical factors affecting the minimum sensible force and the working range of the sensor should be studied and optimized. This design is intrinsically scalable and meets all the design requirements. Therefore, it has a significant potential of industrialization and mass production. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=force%20sensor" title="force sensor">force sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=minimally%20invasive%20surgery" title=" minimally invasive surgery"> minimally invasive surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=optical%20sensor" title=" optical sensor"> optical sensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=robotic%20surgery" title=" robotic surgery"> robotic surgery</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tactile%20sensor" title=" tactile sensor"> tactile sensor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83179/force-sensor-for-robotic-graspers-in-minimally-invasive-surgery" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83179.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">230</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">8</span> Design and Analysis of an Electro Thermally Symmetrical Actuated Microgripper</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sh.%20Foroughi">Sh. Foroughi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Karamzadeh"> V. Karamzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Packirisamy"> M. Packirisamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents design and analysis of an electrothermally symmetrical actuated microgripper applicable for performing micro assembly or biological cell manipulation. Integration of micro-optics with microdevice leads to achieve extremely precise control over the operation of the device. Geometry, material, actuation, control, accuracy in measurement and temperature distribution are important factors which have to be taken into account for designing the efficient microgripper device. In this work, analyses of four different geometries are performed by means of COMSOL Multiphysics 5.2 with implementing Finite Element Methods. Then, temperature distribution along the fingertip, displacement of gripper site as well as optical efficiency vs. displacement and electrical potential are illustrated. Results show in addition to the industrial application of this device, the usage of that as a cell manipulator is possible. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electro%20thermal%20actuator" title="electro thermal actuator">electro thermal actuator</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS" title=" MEMS"> MEMS</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microgripper" title=" microgripper"> microgripper</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MOEMS" title=" MOEMS"> MOEMS</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83289/design-and-analysis-of-an-electro-thermally-symmetrical-actuated-microgripper" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83289.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">165</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">7</span> Reduction in the Metabolic Cost of Human Walking Gaits Using Quasi-Passive Upper Body Exoskeleton</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nafiseh%20%20Ebrahimi">Nafiseh Ebrahimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gautham%20%20Muthukumaran"> Gautham Muthukumaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Jafari"> Amir Jafari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Human walking gait is considered to be the most efficient biped walking gait. There are various types of gait human follows during locomotion and arm swing is one of the most important factors which controls and differentiates human gaits. Earlier studies declared a 7% reduction in the metabolic cost due to the arm swing. In this research, we compared different types of arm swings in terms of metabolic cost reduction and then suggested, designed, fabricated and tested a quasi-passive upper body exoskeleton to study the metabolic cost reduction in the folded arm walking gate scenarios. Our experimental results validate a 10% reduction in the metabolic cost of walking aided by the application of the proposed exoskeleton. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=arm%20swing" title="arm swing">arm swing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MET%20%28metabolic%20equivalent%20of%20a%20task%29" title=" MET (metabolic equivalent of a task)"> MET (metabolic equivalent of a task)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=calorimeter" title=" calorimeter"> calorimeter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oxygen%20consumption" title=" oxygen consumption"> oxygen consumption</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20body%20quasi-passive%20exoskeleton" title=" upper body quasi-passive exoskeleton"> upper body quasi-passive exoskeleton</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102630/reduction-in-the-metabolic-cost-of-human-walking-gaits-using-quasi-passive-upper-body-exoskeleton" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/102630.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">157</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">6</span> Modelling of Atomic Force Microscopic Nano Robot's Friction Force on Rough Surfaces</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Kharazmi">M. Kharazmi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zakeri"> M. Zakeri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Packirisamy"> M. Packirisamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Faraji"> J. Faraji</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Micro/Nanorobotics or manipulation of nanoparticles by Atomic Force Microscopic (AFM) is one of the most important solutions for controlling the movement of atoms, particles and micro/nano metrics components and assembling of them to design micro/nano-meter tools. Accurate modelling of manipulation requires identification of forces and mechanical knowledge in the Nanoscale which are different from macro world. Due to the importance of the adhesion forces and the interaction of surfaces at the nanoscale several friction models were presented. In this research, friction and normal forces that are applied on the AFM by using of the dynamic bending-torsion model of AFM are obtained based on Hurtado-Kim friction model (HK), Johnson-Kendall-Robert contact model (JKR) and Greenwood-Williamson roughness model (GW). Finally, the effect of standard deviation of asperities height on the normal load, friction force and friction coefficient are studied. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=atomic%20force%20microscopy" title="atomic force microscopy">atomic force microscopy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contact%20model" title=" contact model"> contact model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=friction%20coefficient" title=" friction coefficient"> friction coefficient</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Greenwood-Williamson%20model" title=" Greenwood-Williamson model"> Greenwood-Williamson model</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85332/modelling-of-atomic-force-microscopic-nano-robots-friction-force-on-rough-surfaces" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85332.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">199</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">5</span> A Simplified, Fabrication-Friendly Acoustophoretic Model for Size Sensitive Particle Sorting</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Karamzadeh">V. Karamzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20Adhvaryu"> J. Adhvaryu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=A.%20Chandrasekaran"> A. Chandrasekaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Packirisamy"> M. Packirisamy</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In Bulk Acoustic Wave (BAW) microfluidics, the throughput of particle sorting is dependent on the complex interplay between the geometric configuration of the channel, the size of the particles, and the properties of the fluid medium, which therefore calls for a detailed modeling and understanding of the fluid-particle interaction dynamics under an acoustic field, prior to designing the system. In this work, we propose a simplified Bulk acoustophoretic system that can be used for size dependent particle sorting. A Finite Element Method (FEM) based analytical model has been developed to study the dependence of particle sizes on channel parameters, and the sorting efficiency in a given fluid medium. Based on the results, the microfluidic system has been designed to take into account all the variables involved with the underlying physics, and has been fabricated using an additive manufacturing technique employing a commercial 3D printer, to generate a simple, cost-effective system that can be used for size sensitive particle sorting. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20printing" title="3D printing">3D printing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=3D%20microfluidic%20chip" title=" 3D microfluidic chip"> 3D microfluidic chip</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acoustophoresis" title=" acoustophoresis"> acoustophoresis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cell%20separation" title=" cell separation"> cell separation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS%20%28Microelectromechanical%20Systems%29" title=" MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems)"> MEMS (Microelectromechanical Systems)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=microfluidics" title=" microfluidics"> microfluidics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83336/a-simplified-fabrication-friendly-acoustophoretic-model-for-size-sensitive-particle-sorting" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83336.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">171</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">4</span> Functionally Graded MEMS Piezoelectric Energy Harvester with Magnetic Tip Mass</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Derayatifar">M. Derayatifar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Packirisamy"> M. Packirisamy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.B.%20Bhat"> R.B. Bhat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Role of piezoelectric energy harvesters has gained interest in supplying power for micro devices such as health monitoring sensors. In this study, in order to enhance the piezoelectric energy harvesting in capturing energy from broader range of excitation and to improve the mechanical and electrical responses, bimorph piezoelectric energy harvester beam with magnetic mass attached at the end is presented. In view of overcoming the brittleness of piezo-ceramics, functionally graded piezoelectric layers comprising of both piezo-ceramic and piezo-polymer is employed. The nonlinear equations of motions are derived using energy method and then solved analytically using perturbation scheme. The frequency responses of the forced vibration case are obtained for the near resonance case. The nonlinear dynamic responses of the MEMS scaled functionally graded piezoelectric energy harvester in this paper may be utilized in different design scenarios to increase the efficiency of the harvester. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20harvesting" title="energy harvesting">energy harvesting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=functionally%20graded%20piezoelectric%20material" title=" functionally graded piezoelectric material"> functionally graded piezoelectric material</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20force" title=" magnetic force"> magnetic force</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MEMS%20%28micro-electro-mechanical%20systems%29%20piezoelectric" title=" MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) piezoelectric"> MEMS (micro-electro-mechanical systems) piezoelectric</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perturbation%20method" title=" perturbation method"> perturbation method</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83297/functionally-graded-mems-piezoelectric-energy-harvester-with-magnetic-tip-mass" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/83297.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">189</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">3</span> Investigation on the Effect of Welding Parameters in Additive Friction Stir Welding of Glass Fiber Reinforced Polyamide 66 Composite</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nandhini%20Ravi">Nandhini Ravi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muthukumaran%20Shanmugam"> Muthukumaran Shanmugam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Metals are being replaced by thermoplastic polymer composites in automotive industries because of their low density, easiness to fabricate, low cost and good wear resistance. Complex polymer components consist of assemblies of smaller parts which can be joined by friction stir welding. This study deals with the additive friction stir welding of 15 wt.% glass fiber reinforced polyamide 66 composite which is a modified technique of the conventional friction stir welding by the addition of a filler plate for the heating of the composite work piece through the tool during the welding process. Welding at different combinations of tool rotational speed, travel speed and tool plunge depth was done after which the tensile strength of the respective experiments was determined. The maximum tensile strength obtained was 77 MPa which was 80% of the strength of the base material. The process parameters were optimized using the L9 orthogonal array and also the effect of individual welding parameter on the tensile strength was studied. The optimum parameter combination was determined with the help of ANOVA studies. The hardness of the welded joints was studied with the help of Shore Durometer which yielded the maximum of D 75. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=additive%20friction%20stir%20welding" title="additive friction stir welding">additive friction stir welding</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=polyamide%2066" title=" polyamide 66"> polyamide 66</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20parameters" title=" process parameters"> process parameters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thermoplastic%20polymer%20composite" title=" thermoplastic polymer composite"> thermoplastic polymer composite</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85047/investigation-on-the-effect-of-welding-parameters-in-additive-friction-stir-welding-of-glass-fiber-reinforced-polyamide-66-composite" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/85047.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">159</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">2</span> A Comparison of South East Asian Face Emotion Classification based on Optimized Ellipse Data Using Clustering Technique </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Karthigayan">M. Karthigayan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Rizon"> M. Rizon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sazali%20Yaacob"> Sazali Yaacob</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20Nagarajan"> R. Nagarajan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Muthukumaran"> M. Muthukumaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thinaharan%20Ramachandran"> Thinaharan Ramachandran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sargunam%20Thirugnanam"> Sargunam Thirugnanam </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, using a set of irregular and regular ellipse fitting equations using Genetic algorithm (GA) are applied to the lip and eye features to classify the human emotions. Two South East Asian (SEA) faces are considered in this work for the emotion classification. There are six emotions and one neutral are considered as the output. Each subject shows unique characteristic of the lip and eye features for various emotions. GA is adopted to optimize irregular ellipse characteristics of the lip and eye features in each emotion. That is, the top portion of lip configuration is a part of one ellipse and the bottom of different ellipse. Two ellipse based fitness equations are proposed for the lip configuration and relevant parameters that define the emotions are listed. The GA method has achieved reasonably successful classification of emotion. In some emotions classification, optimized data values of one emotion are messed or overlapped to other emotion ranges. In order to overcome the overlapping problem between the emotion optimized values and at the same time to improve the classification, a fuzzy clustering method (FCM) of approach has been implemented to offer better classification. The GA-FCM approach offers a reasonably good classification within the ranges of clusters and it had been proven by applying to two SEA subjects and have improved the classification rate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ellipse%20fitness%20function" title="ellipse fitness function">ellipse fitness function</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genetic%20algorithm" title=" genetic algorithm"> genetic algorithm</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotion%20recognition" title=" emotion recognition"> emotion recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20clustering" title=" fuzzy clustering "> fuzzy clustering </a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16362/a-comparison-of-south-east-asian-face-emotion-classification-based-on-optimized-ellipse-data-using-clustering-technique" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/16362.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">546</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">1</span> Study of Acoustic Resonance of Model Liquid Rocket Combustion Chamber and Its Suppression</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vimal%20O.%20Kumar">Vimal O. Kumar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=C.%20K.%20Muthukumaran"> C. K. Muthukumaran</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=P.%20Rakesh"> P. Rakesh</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Liquid rocket engine (LRE) combustion chamber is subjected to pressure oscillation during the combustion process. The combustion noise (acoustic noise) is a broad band, small amplitude, high frequency component pressure oscillation. They constitute only a minor fraction ( < 1%) of the entire combustion process. However, this high frequency oscillation is huge concern during the design phase of LRE combustion chamber as it would cause catastrophic failure of the chamber. Depends on the chamber geometry, certain frequencies form standing wave pattern, and they resonate with high amplitude and are known as Eigen modes. These Eigen modes could cause failures unless it is suppressed to be within safe limits. These modes are categorized into radial, tangential, and azimuthal modes, and their structure inside the combustion chamber is of interest to the researchers. In the present proposal, experimental as well as numerical simulation will be performed to obtain the frequency-amplitude characteristics of the model combustion chamber for different baffle configuration. The main objective of this study is to find effect of baffle configuration that would provide better suppression of acoustic modes. The experimental study aims at measuring the frequency amplitude characteristics at certain points in the chamber wall. The experimental measurement will be also used for scheme used in numerical simulation. In addition to experiments, numerical simulation would provide detailed structure of the Eigenmodes exhibited and their level of suppression with the aid of different baffle configurations. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=baffle" title="baffle">baffle</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instability" title=" instability"> instability</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=liquid%20rocket%20engine" title=" liquid rocket engine"> liquid rocket engine</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pressure%20response%20of%20chamber" title=" pressure response of chamber"> pressure response of chamber</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129395/study-of-acoustic-resonance-of-model-liquid-rocket-combustion-chamber-and-its-suppression" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129395.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">122</span> </span> </div> </div> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); 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