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<li id="toc-20th_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#20th_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>20th century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-20th_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-1970s:_Formation_and_first_orders" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1970s:_Formation_and_first_orders"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.1</span> <span>1970s: Formation and first orders</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1970s:_Formation_and_first_orders-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1980s:_Expansion_to_the_US_and_Europe" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1980s:_Expansion_to_the_US_and_Europe"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.2</span> <span>1980s: Expansion to the US and Europe</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1980s:_Expansion_to_the_US_and_Europe-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-1990s:_Expansion_to_Mexico,_Germany_and_the_UK" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#1990s:_Expansion_to_Mexico,_Germany_and_the_UK"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1.3</span> <span>1990s: Expansion to Mexico, Germany and the UK</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-1990s:_Expansion_to_Mexico,_Germany_and_the_UK-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-21st_century" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#21st_century"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>21st century</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-21st_century-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-2000s:_Western_world's_largest_rail-equipment_manufacturer" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2000s:_Western_world's_largest_rail-equipment_manufacturer"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.1</span> <span>2000s: Western world's largest rail-equipment manufacturer</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2000s:_Western_world's_largest_rail-equipment_manufacturer-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2010s:_Global_operations_and_decline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2010s:_Global_operations_and_decline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.2</span> <span>2010s: Global operations and decline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2010s:_Global_operations_and_decline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-2021:_Sale_to_Alstom" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#2021:_Sale_to_Alstom"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2.3</span> <span>2021: Sale to Alstom</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-2021:_Sale_to_Alstom-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Products_and_services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Products_and_services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Products and services</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Products_and_services-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Products and services subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Products_and_services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Rapid_transit_rolling_stock" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rapid_transit_rolling_stock"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Rapid transit rolling stock</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rapid_transit_rolling_stock-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Monorails" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Monorails"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Monorails</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Monorails-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trams_and_light_rail_vehicles" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trams_and_light_rail_vehicles"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Trams and light rail vehicles</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trams_and_light_rail_vehicles-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Locomotives" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Locomotives"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Locomotives</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Locomotives-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Passenger_cars" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Passenger_cars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>Passenger cars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Passenger_cars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Regular-speed_multiple-unit_trains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Regular-speed_multiple-unit_trains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Regular-speed multiple-unit trains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Regular-speed_multiple-unit_trains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-High-speed_trains" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#High-speed_trains"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.7</span> <span>High-speed trains</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-High-speed_trains-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-People_movers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#People_movers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.8</span> <span>People movers</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-People_movers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Services" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Services"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Services</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Services-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Facilities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Facilities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Facilities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Facilities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Legal_issues" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Legal_issues"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Legal issues</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Legal_issues-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Legal issues subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Legal_issues-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Deutsche_Bahn" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Deutsche_Bahn"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Deutsche Bahn</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Deutsche_Bahn-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Everline" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Everline"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Everline</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Everline-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Toronto_Transit_Commission" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Toronto_Transit_Commission"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Toronto Transit Commission</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Toronto_Transit_Commission-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" 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aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 27 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-27" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">27 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%8A%D9%87_%D9%84%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84" title="بومباردييه للنقل – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بومباردييه للنقل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="بمباردیه ترانسپورتیشن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="بمباردیه ترانسپورتیشن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%87_%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%BE%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%B4%D9%86" title="بمباردیه ترانسپورتیشن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="بمباردیه ترانسپورتیشن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transport" title="Bombardier Transport – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Bombardier Transport" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B4%84%EB%B0%94%EB%94%94%EC%96%B4_%ED%8A%B8%EB%9E%9C%EC%8A%A4%ED%8F%AC%ED%85%8C%EC%9D%B4%EC%88%80" title="봄바디어 트랜스포테이숀 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="봄바디어 트랜스포테이숀" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9C%E3%83%B3%E3%83%90%E3%83%AB%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%88%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%B9%E3%83%9D%E3%83%BC%E3%83%86%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B7%E3%83%A7%E3%83%B3" title="ボンバルディア・トランスポーテーション – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ボンバルディア・トランスポーテーション" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation" title="Bombardier Transportation – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Bombardier Transportation" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BE%90%E5%B7%B4%E8%BF%AA%E9%81%8B%E8%BC%B8" title="龐巴迪運輸 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="龐巴迪運輸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Canadian-German rolling stock and rail transport manufacturer</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1242257876">.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-label{padding-right:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-company .infobox-below{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-logo img{background-color:#f8f9fa}.mw-parser-output .ib-company-locality,.mw-parser-output .ib-company-country{display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-company vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org" style="font-size: 125%;">Bombardier Transportation</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image ib-company-logo logo"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombardier.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bombardier.svg/220px-Bombardier.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bombardier.svg/330px-Bombardier.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bombardier.svg/440px-Bombardier.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="70" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Company type</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">Division</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Industry</th><td class="infobox-data category"><a href="/wiki/Manufacturing" title="Manufacturing">Manufacturing</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">1974<span class="noprint">; 51 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1974</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Defunct</th><td class="infobox-data">29 January 2021<span class="noprint">; 4 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">2021-01-29</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Fate</th><td class="infobox-data">Acquired by <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a><sup id="cite_ref-AlstomPR_29-01-2021_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlstomPR_29-01-2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Headquarters</th><td class="infobox-data label">EU: <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany<br />NA: <a href="/wiki/Toronto" title="Toronto">Toronto</a>, Canada</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Area served</div></th><td class="infobox-data">Worldwide</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Products</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Locomotive" title="Locomotive">Locomotives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Passenger_railroad_car" title="Passenger railroad car">Passenger railroad cars</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Tram" title="Tram">Trams</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/People_mover" title="People mover">People movers</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Signalling_systems" class="mw-redirect" title="Signalling systems">Signalling systems</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Revenue</th><td class="infobox-data"><span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>7.4 billion</span> (2020)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Number of employees</div></th><td class="infobox-data">36,000 (2020)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Parent_company" class="mw-redirect" title="Parent company">Parent</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Inc." title="Bombardier Inc.">Bombardier Inc.</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Bombardier Transportation</b> was a Canadian-German <a href="/wiki/Rolling_stock" title="Rolling stock">rolling stock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rail_transport" title="Rail transport">rail transport</a> manufacturer, with headquarters in <a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a>, Germany. It was one of the world's largest companies in the rail vehicle and equipment manufacturing and servicing industry. Bombardier Transportation had many regional offices, production and development facilities worldwide.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It produced a wide range of products including <a href="/wiki/Passenger_car_(rail)" class="mw-redirect" title="Passenger car (rail)">passenger rail vehicles</a>, <a href="/wiki/Locomotive" title="Locomotive">locomotives</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bogie" title="Bogie">bogies</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ground_propulsion" title="Ground propulsion">propulsion</a> and controls. In February 2020, the company had 36,000 employees, and 63 manufacturing and engineering locations around the world.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Formerly a <a href="/wiki/Division_(business)" title="Division (business)">division</a> of <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Inc." title="Bombardier Inc.">Bombardier Inc.</a>, the company was acquired by French manufacturer <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a> on 29 January 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-AlstomPR_29-01-2021_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AlstomPR_29-01-2021-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="20th_century">20th century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: 20th century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1970s:_Formation_and_first_orders">1970s: Formation and first orders</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: 1970s: Formation and first orders"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Canadian company <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Inc." title="Bombardier Inc.">Bombardier Inc.</a> entered the rail market in 1970 when it purchased <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation_Austria_GmbH" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Transportation Austria GmbH">Lohner-Rotax</a> of Austria. While Lohner built trams, Bombardier was more interested in its Rotax business, which built engines for its Ski-Doo snowmobiles.<sup id="cite_ref-vanpraet20210129_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-vanpraet20210129-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> But Bombardier held onto the rolling stock business, and in 1974 secured an order from <a href="/wiki/Soci%C3%A9t%C3%A9_de_transport_de_Montr%C3%A9al" title="Société de transport de Montréal">Société de transport de Montréal</a> (STM) to build metro trains for the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Metro" title="Montreal Metro">Montreal Metro</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The core of the transportation group was formed when Bombardier purchased the <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Locomotive_Works" title="Montreal Locomotive Works">Montreal Locomotive Works</a> (MLW) in 1975.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The purchase of MLW gave Bombardier a rail focused manufacturing facility, that had an established history of building locomotives, freight railcars, and passenger railcars. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1980s:_Expansion_to_the_US_and_Europe">1980s: Expansion to the US and Europe</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: 1980s: Expansion to the US and Europe"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>With the purchase of the MLW, Bombardier acquired the <a href="/wiki/LRC_(train)" title="LRC (train)">LRC</a> (Light, Rapid, Comfortable) <a href="/wiki/Tilting_train" title="Tilting train">tilting train</a> design which it heavily marketed to both <a href="/wiki/Amtrak" title="Amtrak">Amtrak</a> and Canada's <a href="/wiki/Via_Rail" title="Via Rail">Via Rail</a>, however, the program was only modestly successful with Bombardier selling about 100 LRC coaches to Via. In 1987, Bombardier bought the assets of two major US railcar manufacturers, <a href="/wiki/Budd_Company" title="Budd Company">Budd</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pullman-Standard" class="mw-redirect" title="Pullman-Standard">Pullman-Standard</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With these new assets, and no desire to remain in the business of building freight locomotives or freight cars, Bombardier sold off MLW to <a href="/wiki/GE_Transportation" title="GE Transportation">General Electric</a> in 1988. </p><p>In the late 1980s Bombardier Transportation gained a manufacturing presence in Europe with the acquisition of a 45% share in <a href="/wiki/La_Brugeoise_et_Nivelles" title="La Brugeoise et Nivelles">BN Constructions Ferroviaires et Métalliques</a><sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (whose principal facility was in <a href="/wiki/Bruges" title="Bruges">Bruges</a>, Belgium) in 1986. This was followed by the acquisition of the second-largest French railway manufacturer<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/ANF_Industrie" class="mw-redirect" title="ANF Industrie">ANF Industrie</a> with its main plant in <a href="/wiki/Crespin,_Nord" title="Crespin, Nord">Crespin</a> in 1989.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bombardier Transportation had become by that time the leading North American producer of rail equipment which had sold 825 subway cars to <a href="/wiki/New_York_City" title="New York City">New York City</a> in the 1970s and 1980s.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="1990s:_Expansion_to_Mexico,_Germany_and_the_UK"><span id="1990s:_Expansion_to_Mexico.2C_Germany_and_the_UK"></span>1990s: Expansion to Mexico, Germany and the UK</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: 1990s: Expansion to Mexico, Germany and the UK"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Back home in Canada, 1991 brought a big expansion for Bombardier. The company was able to acquire the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Transportation_Development_Corporation" title="Urban Transportation Development Corporation">Urban Transportation Development Corporation</a> (UTDC) from the Government of Ontario after its parent company <a href="/wiki/Lavalin" title="Lavalin">Lavalin</a> went bankrupt. In addition to the core UTDC assets, Bombardier also received the rail manufacturing division of <a href="/wiki/Hawker_Siddeley_Canada" title="Hawker Siddeley Canada">Hawker Siddeley Canada</a> which had been purchased by Lavalin and merged into UTDC. The Hawker Siddeley assets included a manufacturing plant in <a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay" title="Thunder Bay">Thunder Bay</a>, Ontario. </p><p>That same year in Europe, the company established its <b>Bombardier Eurorail</b> division consisting of ANF, BN, BWS (the former assets of Lohner), and the English bodyshell maker <a href="/wiki/Procor_(UK)" class="mw-redirect" title="Procor (UK)">Prorail</a>, which it had purchased in 1990.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company also owned the North-American rights to the French <a href="/wiki/TGV" title="TGV">TGV</a> through an agreement with <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">GEC Alsthom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1992, the company acquired Mexico's largest railway rolling-stock manufacturer, <a href="/wiki/Concarril" class="mw-redirect" title="Concarril">Concarril</a>, from the Mexican government.<sup id="cite_ref-nyt-1992apr_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nyt-1992apr-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The late 1990s also saw a major expansion in European operations. The company purchased <a href="/wiki/Waggonfabrik_Talbot" title="Waggonfabrik Talbot">Waggonfabrik Talbot</a> (whose factory was in <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>, Germany) in 1995 and <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deutsche_Waggonbau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deutsche Waggonbau (page does not exist)">Deutsche Waggonbau</a> (DW) in 1998, which added factories in <a href="/wiki/Bautzen" title="Bautzen">Bautzen</a> and <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>, Germany along with a plant in <a href="/wiki/Villeneuve,_Vaud" title="Villeneuve, Vaud">Villeneuve</a>, Switzerland which DW had purchased the prior year from <a href="/wiki/Ateliers_de_Constructions_M%C3%A9caniques_de_Vevey" title="Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey">Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="21st_century">21st century</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: 21st century"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2000s:_Western_world's_largest_rail-equipment_manufacturer"><span id="2000s:_Western_world.27s_largest_rail-equipment_manufacturer"></span>2000s: Western world's largest rail-equipment manufacturer</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: 2000s: Western world's largest rail-equipment manufacturer"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg/220px-Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg/330px-Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a7/Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg/440px-Bombardier_Transportation_Berlin_headquarters_facade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Bombardier's former Berlin headquarters in April 2016</figcaption></figure><p>The company's biggest acquisition came just after the turn of the century when it purchased <a href="/wiki/Adtranz" title="Adtranz">Adtranz</a> from <a href="/wiki/Daimler_AG" class="mw-redirect" title="Daimler AG">DaimlerChrysler</a>. Adtranz was a sprawling multi-national company twice the size of Bombardier at the time, which had only become profitable in the months before the merger. The combination would make Bombardier the largest rail-equipment manufacturer.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DaimlerChrysler agreed in August 2000 to sell Adtranz for <span style="white-space: nowrap"><a href="/wiki/United_States_dollar" title="United States dollar">US$</a>711 million</span> (equivalent to US$1.298<span class="nowrap"> </span>billion in 2024), a price considered to be low by industry analysts.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-sa1_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sa1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sale was cleared by the European Union in April 2001 on the condition that Bombardier would license or sell the Adtranz regional train and tram products to <a href="/wiki/Stadler_Rail" title="Stadler Rail">Stadler Rail</a> in the German market, due to the large market share of Bombardier and Adtranz in the country. The deal would make Stadler a viable independent company providing competition to Bombardier.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The takeover came into legal effect on 1 May 2001 with a final price of US$725 million.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> After the purchase, Bombardier Transportation moved its head office to Europe, while keeping a few plants in the US and Canada for the smaller North American market.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, the merger was not smooth. Within weeks Bombardier said that it was misled about the financial situation of Adtranz, and the combination of the two companies took years to resolve.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> One of the major issues was the sprawling footprint of the two companies in Europe. Even after closing some locations, in the early days after the merger Bombardier planned to operate 27 manufacturing sites across 14 countries. The number of sites meant that some would see the scope of their work decreased.<sup id="cite_ref-res2001_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-res2001-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2004, amid overcapacity in the European passenger train industry, Bombardier announced eight sites would close.<sup id="cite_ref-res2001_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-res2001-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-clo2004_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-clo2004-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later that year in September, DaimlerChrysler agreed to refund Bombardier US$209 million, making the final sale price for Adtranz just $516 million.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2010s:_Global_operations_and_decline">2010s: Global operations and decline</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: 2010s: Global operations and decline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The transportation division's financial woes continued into the 2010s, reflecting a broader trend within the company. Bombardier's aviation division racked up billions of dollars in debt developing the <a href="/wiki/CSeries" class="mw-redirect" title="CSeries">CSeries</a> airliner and the <a href="/wiki/Global_7000" class="mw-redirect" title="Global 7000">Global 7000</a> business jet. </p><p>Between 2012 and 2015, the company announced the closure of several plants including the former Waggonfabrik Talbot plant in Germany,<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a factory in Australia,<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a facility in Hungary was <a href="/wiki/Nationalization" title="Nationalization">nationalized</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the same period, Bombardier agreed to several potentally lucrative, but risky contracts to build <a href="/wiki/R179_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R179 (New York City Subway car)">R179 cars</a> for the <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit_rolling_stock#Fleet_of_the_Future_(D_and_E_series)" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit rolling stock">Fleet of the Future</a> for San Francisco's <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">Bay Area Rapid Transit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Flexity_Outlook_(Toronto)" title="Flexity Outlook (Toronto)">Flexity streetcars</a> for <a href="/wiki/Toronto_streetcar_system" title="Toronto streetcar system">Toronto</a>, <a href="/wiki/Alstom_Aventra" title="Alstom Aventra">Aventra</a> EMUs for the <a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground">London Overground</a> and <a href="/wiki/TWINDEXX" class="mw-redirect" title="TWINDEXX">Twindexx</a> EMUs for Switzerland's <a href="/wiki/Swiss_Federal_Railways" title="Swiss Federal Railways">SBB</a>. Each of these contracts was valued between 600 million to 1.8 billion dollars, but each called for highly specialized, one-of-kind equipment, and many also included late-delivery penalties. Deliveries of each would be delayed, beset by software issues, and reliability problems once trains were placed in service.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Under increasingly dire financial pressure, Bombardier Inc. announced in May 2015 that it planned to split or spin-off Bombardier Transportation as a separate publicly traded company, while retaining control as the majority owner.<sup id="cite_ref-SpinoutCBC_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SpinoutCBC-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The sale would generate money needed to continue the financing of the troubled CSeries jet,<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Transportation division managers said the independence would allow them to better compete with a growing <a href="/wiki/CRRC" title="CRRC">Chinese presence</a> in the European market.<sup id="cite_ref-SpinoutGaM_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SpinoutGaM-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> An <a href="/wiki/IPO" class="mw-redirect" title="IPO">IPO</a> was planned for late 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>However, before the IPO could be floated, the <a href="/wiki/Caisse_de_d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t_et_placement_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec">Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec</a> (CDPQ) stepped in and agreed to give Bombardier a US$1.5 billion infusion of cash. In exchange CDPQ, a <a href="/wiki/State-owned_enterprise" title="State-owned enterprise">crown corporation</a> which manages <a href="/wiki/Pension" title="Pension">pension</a> and insurance plans, would receive a 30% stake in the company. The deal was structured as a <a href="/wiki/Bond_(finance)" title="Bond (finance)">bond</a>/<a href="/wiki/Equity_(finance)" title="Equity (finance)">equity</a> hybrid, with shares returned to CDPQ dependent on the financial performance of the company. </p><p>Over the next few years, Bombardier worked to correct issues with the cars it agreed to build in the earlier half of the decade, and simplify production though more selective bidding, greater standardization and centralized procurement. It also planned to layoff thousands of workers in Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, the penalties the company was hit with for late deliveries wiped out many of the divisions profits. By 2018, Bombardier slipped to become the 3rd largest rail-equipment manufacturer in the Western World and fourth globally, eclipsed by <a href="/wiki/CRRC" title="CRRC">CRRC</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siemens_Mobility" title="Siemens Mobility">Siemens</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Between mid-2018 and late-2019, Bombardier started selling off many of its commercial aviation assets, notably selling the CSeries to <a href="/wiki/Airbus" title="Airbus">Airbus</a>. This left the company as a manufacturer of rail vehicles and business jets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="2021:_Sale_to_Alstom">2021: Sale to Alstom</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: 2021: Sale to Alstom"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In February 2020, <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a> agreed to buy the Bombardier Transportation division and signed a <a href="/wiki/Memorandum_of_understanding" title="Memorandum of understanding">memorandum of understanding</a> to do so, for between €5.8 billion and €6.2 billion. The deal required approval by Alstom shareholders at a meeting held in October 2020, as well as approval by European regulators. Bombardier's major shareholder, <a href="/wiki/Caisse_de_d%C3%A9p%C3%B4t_et_placement_du_Qu%C3%A9bec" title="Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec">Caisse de dépôt et placement du Québec</a>, had already agreed to the sale.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In July 2020, the <a href="/wiki/European_Commission" title="European Commission">European Commission</a> approved the sale.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bombardier Inc. announced on 1 December 2020 that the transaction would be closed on 29 January 2021 for €4.4 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Products_and_services">Products and services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Products and services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rapid_transit_rolling_stock">Rapid transit rolling stock</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Rapid transit rolling stock"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg/220px-MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg/330px-MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg/440px-MTA_NYC_Subway_1_train_leaving_125th_St.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3934" data-file-height="2622" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> <a href="/wiki/R62A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R62A (New York City Subway car)">R62A</a> car</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station,_July_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station%2C_July_2007.jpg/220px-Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station%2C_July_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station%2C_July_2007.jpg/330px-Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station%2C_July_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b7/Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station%2C_July_2007.jpg/440px-Outbound_train_at_Charles_MGH_station%2C_July_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption>MBTA Red Line train (Boston Subway)</figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_@_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_%40_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg/220px-20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_%40_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_%40_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg/330px-20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_%40_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_%40_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg/440px-20150302_27_CTA_Green_Line_L_%40_Cermak_McCormick_Place.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2816" data-file-height="2112" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/5000-series_(CTA)" title="5000-series (CTA)">CTA 5000</a> in <a href="/wiki/Chicago" title="Chicago">Chicago</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg/220px-3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg/330px-3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg/440px-3_Bucuresti_Nord_metro_130916.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1369" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bucharest_Metro" title="Bucharest Metro">Bucharest Metro</a> second-generation trainset</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NYCSubway6476.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/NYCSubway6476.jpg/220px-NYCSubway6476.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/NYCSubway6476.jpg/330px-NYCSubway6476.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/NYCSubway6476.jpg/440px-NYCSubway6476.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> <a href="/wiki/R142_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142 (New York City Subway car)">R142</a> car</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg/220px-MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg/330px-MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg/440px-MTA_NYC_Subway_A_train_arriving_at_Broad_Channel.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4176" data-file-height="2784" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a> <a href="/wiki/R179_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R179 (New York City Subway car)">R179</a> car</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg/220px-London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg/330px-London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8f/London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg/440px-London_Underground_2009_Stock_front.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4605" data-file-height="3070" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/London_Underground_2009_Stock" title="London Underground 2009 Stock">London Underground 2009 Stock</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DMRC_Bombardier.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/DMRC_Bombardier.jpg/220px-DMRC_Bombardier.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="141" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/DMRC_Bombardier.jpg/330px-DMRC_Bombardier.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/DMRC_Bombardier.jpg/440px-DMRC_Bombardier.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1164" data-file-height="744" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Metro" title="Delhi Metro">Delhi Metro</a> broad gauge train, manufactured by Bombardier</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Toronto_Rocket.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Toronto_Rocket.JPG/220px-Toronto_Rocket.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Toronto_Rocket.JPG/330px-Toronto_Rocket.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Toronto_Rocket.JPG/440px-Toronto_Rocket.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4928" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rocket" title="Toronto Rocket">Toronto Rocket</a> subway car</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg/220px-Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg/330px-Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7c/Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg/440px-Bombardier_ART_Mark_III_-_Skytrain_-_Stadium.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4048" data-file-height="3036" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Innovia_Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Innovia Metro">Bombardier Innovia Metro</a> 300 car at <a href="/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)" title="SkyTrain (Vancouver)">Vancouver Skytrain</a></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg/220px-Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg/330px-Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5b/Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg/440px-Upptaget_uppsala_130704.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Regina" title="Bombardier Regina">Regina</a> train</figcaption></figure> <p>Bombardier's standard metro vehicles were the mid-sized fully automated and driverless <a href="/wiki/Innovia_Metro" title="Innovia Metro">Innovia Metro</a> with the option for <a href="/wiki/Linear_induction_motor" title="Linear induction motor">linear induction motor</a> propulsion or a conventional rotary motor, and the high-capacity customizable <a href="/wiki/Alstom_Movia" title="Alstom Movia">Movia</a> platform, which is powered by conventional motors and can also be fully automated. In addition, Bombardier produced many custom models not based on either model. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a>: Innovia ART 200 (ART Mark II)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ankara_Metro" title="Ankara Metro">Ankara Metro</a>: Modified <a href="/wiki/H-series_(Toronto_subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="H-series (Toronto subway car)">H-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit">BART</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit_rolling_stock#Fleet_of_the_Future_(D_and_E_series)" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit rolling stock">Fleet of the Future</a> (Type D and E cars)<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beijing_Subway" title="Beijing Subway">Beijing Subway</a>: <a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%BA%AC%E5%9C%B0%E9%93%81QKZ5%E5%9E%8B%E7%94%B5%E5%8A%A8%E8%BD%A6%E7%BB%84" class="extiw" title="zh:北京地铁QKZ5型电动车组">QKZ5</a> cars for the <a href="/wiki/Airport_Express,_Beijing_Subway" class="mw-redirect" title="Airport Express, Beijing Subway">Airport Express line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berlin_U-Bahn" title="Berlin U-Bahn">Berlin U-Bahn</a>: H & HK train stocks</li> <li><a href="/wiki/MBTA_subway" title="MBTA subway">Boston MBTA</a>: "#3 <a href="/wiki/Red_Line_(MBTA)" title="Red Line (MBTA)">Red Line</a>" cars (01800 series)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bucharest_Metro" title="Bucharest Metro">Bucharest Metro</a>: Movia 346 for lines 1, 2 and 3</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_%22L%22" title="Chicago "L"">Chicago "L"</a>: <a href="/wiki/5000-series_(CTA)" title="5000-series (CTA)">5000 series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delhi_Metro" title="Delhi Metro">Delhi Metro</a>: Broad-gauge Movia trainsets<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Detroit_People_Mover" title="Detroit People Mover">Detroit People Mover</a>: Innovia ART 100 (ART Mark I)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway" title="Docklands Light Railway">Docklands Light Railway</a>: <a href="/wiki/Docklands_Light_Railway_rolling_stock" title="Docklands Light Railway rolling stock">all rolling stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helsinki_Metro" title="Helsinki Metro">Helsinki Metro</a>: M200</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hong_Kong_MTR" class="mw-redirect" title="Hong Kong MTR">Hong Kong MTR</a>: <a href="/wiki/MTR_A-Stock_EMU" class="mw-redirect" title="MTR A-Stock EMU">A-Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Line">Elizabeth Line</a>, London: <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aventra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Aventra">Aventra</a> <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_345" title="British Rail Class 345">Class 345</a><sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Underground" title="London Underground">London Underground</a>: <a href="/wiki/London_Underground_2009_Stock" title="London Underground 2009 Stock">2009 Stock</a> (<a href="/wiki/Victoria_line" title="Victoria line">Victoria line</a>), <a href="/wiki/London_Underground_S7_and_S8_Stock" title="London Underground S7 and S8 Stock">S Stock</a> (subsurface routes)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Overground" title="London Overground">London Overground</a>: <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_378" title="British Rail Class 378">British Rail Class 378</a> in 2009 and <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_710" title="British Rail Class 710">British Rail Class 710</a> in 2019</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Metro" title="Montreal Metro">Montreal Metro</a>: <a href="/wiki/MR-73" title="MR-73">MR-73</a>, <a href="/wiki/MPM-10" title="MPM-10">MPM-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexico_City_Metro" title="Mexico City Metro">Mexico City Metro</a>: NC-82 (First Canadian Rolling Stock Based on Mexican NM79 Series) NM-02 (Co-Built with <a href="/wiki/Construcciones_y_Auxiliar_de_Ferrocarriles" title="Construcciones y Auxiliar de Ferrocarriles">CAF</a>) and Bombardier participated in the Refurbish and Rehabilitation Program for Alstom original MP68 rolling stock)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Subway" title="New York City Subway">New York City Subway</a>: <a href="/wiki/R62A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R62A (New York City Subway car)">R62A</a>, <a href="/wiki/R110B_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R110B (New York City Subway car)">R110B</a>, <a href="/wiki/R142_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142 (New York City Subway car)">R142</a>, and <a href="/wiki/R179_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R179 (New York City Subway car)">R179</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rapid_KL" title="Rapid KL">Rapid KL</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Innovia_Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Innovia Metro">Innovia</a> ART 200 and 300 (ART Mark II and Mark III) cars for the <a href="/wiki/Kelana_Jaya_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelana Jaya Line">Kelana Jaya Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rotterdam_Metro" title="Rotterdam Metro">Rotterdam Metro</a>: Series 5300, Series 5400, Series 5500 (R Stock / RSG3), and 5600 Series (R Stock / SG3)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Metro" title="Shanghai Metro">Shanghai Metro</a>: <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Metro_AC04" title="Shanghai Metro AC04">Movia 456 (AC04)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singapore_MRT" class="mw-redirect" title="Singapore MRT">Singapore MRT</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_MOVIA_C951" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier MOVIA C951">Movia C951</a> for <a href="/wiki/Downtown_MRT_line" title="Downtown MRT line">Downtown MRT line</a> in 2013. <a href="/wiki/Alstom_Movia_R151" title="Alstom Movia R151">Movia R151</a> for <a href="/wiki/North%E2%80%93South_MRT_line" title="North–South MRT line">North South</a> and <a href="/wiki/East%E2%80%93West_MRT_line" title="East–West MRT line">East West</a> lines.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stockholm_metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Stockholm metro">Stockholm metro</a>: The new <a href="/wiki/SL_C30" title="SL C30">C30</a> stock cars, being introduced in 2020.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taipei_Rapid_Transit_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Taipei Rapid Transit System">Taipei Rapid Transit System</a>: The extension line of <a href="/wiki/Muzha_Line" class="mw-redirect" title="Muzha Line">Muzha Line</a> system, which entered official operation on 4 July 2009. Innovia APM 256</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_subway" title="Toronto subway">Toronto subway</a>: <a href="/wiki/S-series_(Toronto_subway)" class="mw-redirect" title="S-series (Toronto subway)">S-series</a> (produced by the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Transportation_Development_Corporation" title="Urban Transportation Development Corporation">Urban Transportation Development Corporation</a>), <a href="/wiki/T-series_(Toronto_subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="T-series (Toronto subway car)">T-series</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rocket_(Toronto_subway_car)" class="mw-redirect" title="Toronto Rocket (Toronto subway car)">TR-series</a> (based on <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Movia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Movia">Movia</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/SkyTrain_(Vancouver)" title="SkyTrain (Vancouver)">Vancouver Skytrain</a>: <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Innovia_Metro" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Innovia Metro">Innovia</a> ART 100, 200 and 300 (ART Mark I, Mark II and Mark III)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Monorails">Monorails</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Monorails"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The company's main product was the <a href="/wiki/Innovia_Monorail" title="Innovia Monorail">Innovia Monorail</a>. </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cairo_Monorail" title="Cairo Monorail">Cairo Monorail</a> – Two lines, 42 km (26 mi) October City to suburban Giza and 54 km (34 mi) Nasr City to New Cairo, Egypt (under construction, due to open in 2024)<sup id="cite_ref-62" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cal_Expo" class="mw-redirect" title="Cal Expo">Cal Expo</a> monorail 1968</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carowinds_Monorail" title="Carowinds Monorail">Carowinds Monorail</a> 1973 – system closed in 1994 and sold to Vidafel Mayan Palace Resort in Acapulco, Mexico but still not in use<sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hersheypark" title="Hersheypark">Hersheypark</a> monorail 1968; now as BlueCross monorail and acquired additional cars from Six Flags Magic Mountain</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacksonville_Skyway" title="Jacksonville Skyway">Jacksonville Skyway</a> monorail 1997; system built by Bombardier</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Abdullah_Financial_District" title="King Abdullah Financial District">King Abdullah Financial District</a> in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia: 3.6 km (2.2 mi) <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Innovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Innovia">Bombardier Innovia</a> Monorail 300 (under construction)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/King%27s_Dominion" class="mw-redirect" title="King's Dominion">King's Dominion</a> 1975; dismantled in the 1990s when the Safari Village attraction was closed and sold to <a href="/wiki/Jungle_Jim%27s_International_Market" title="Jungle Jim's International Market">Jungle Jim's International Market</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kings_Island" title="Kings Island">Kings Island</a> Action Zone monorail 1974; system removed in 1994</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas_Monorail" title="Las Vegas Monorail">Las Vegas Monorail</a> 1995 – The <a href="/wiki/Mark_VI_monorail" title="Mark VI monorail">Mark VI monorail</a> still in operation today</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Line_15_(S%C3%A3o_Paulo_Metro)" title="Line 15 (São Paulo Metro)">Line 15 (Silver)</a> 2014 – São Paulo, Brazil: 24 km (15 mi) line INNOVIA Monorail 300</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minnesota_Zoo" title="Minnesota Zoo">Minnesota Zoo</a>'s Northern Trail monorail 1979</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_Flags_Magic_Mountain" title="Six Flags Magic Mountain">Six Flags Magic Mountain</a> Metro 1971; closed 2001 with cars sold to Hersheypark and system dismantled in 2011</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tampa_International_Airport" title="Tampa International Airport">Tampa International Airport</a> monorail 1991; system built by Bombardier</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walt_Disney_World" title="Walt Disney World">Walt Disney World</a> Resort 1989 – The <a href="/wiki/Mark_VI_monorail" title="Mark VI monorail">Mark VI monorail</a> still in operation today</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoo_Miami" title="Zoo Miami">Miami MetroZoo</a> 1984; system and cars acquired from <a href="/wiki/1984_Louisiana_World_Exposition" title="1984 Louisiana World Exposition">1984 Louisiana World Exposition</a></li></ul> <p>Note: Bombardier Transportation acquired Universal Mobility Incorporated's UM III technologies in 1989. UMI produced nine monorail systems from 1969 to 1984, which are included in the list above.<sup id="cite_ref-66" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trams_and_light_rail_vehicles">Trams and light rail vehicles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Trams and light rail vehicles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Cobra" title="Bombardier Cobra">Cobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Socimi_Eurotram" title="Socimi Eurotram">Eurotram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity">Flexity</a> Family <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity_Outlook" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity Outlook">Flexity Outlook</a> <i>Cityrunner</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flexity_Outlook_(Toronto_streetcar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexity Outlook (Toronto streetcar)">Flexity Outlook (Toronto streetcar)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity Freedom">Flexity Freedom</a> (Toronto Eglinton Crosstown LRT, Waterloo Ion LRT, and Edmonton Valley Line LRT)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity_Classic" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity Classic">Flexity Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity_Swift" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity Swift">Flexity Swift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity_Link" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity Link">Flexity Link</a> (<a href="/wiki/Tram-train" title="Tram-train">tram-train</a>) BOCLF70</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity">BerlinFlexity Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Flexity_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Flexity 2">Flexity 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-class_Melbourne_tram" title="E-class Melbourne tram">Bombardier Flexity Melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Flexity_Wien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bombardier Flexity Wien (page does not exist)">Flexity Wien</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Incentro" title="Bombardier Incentro">Incentro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Light_Rail" class="mw-redirect" title="Max Light Rail">Max Light Rail</a> Type 1 LRV in <a href="/wiki/Portland,_Oregon" title="Portland, Oregon">Portland, Oregon</a> (1984–1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadler_Variobahn" title="Stadler Variobahn">Variotram</a> (unit used on <a href="/wiki/Helsinki_tram_network" class="mw-redirect" title="Helsinki tram network">Helsinki tram network</a> only; the Variotram brand has since to <a href="/wiki/Stadler_Rail" title="Stadler Rail">Stadler Rail</a>)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Locomotives">Locomotives</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Locomotives"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:VIA_6917_at_Newtonville,_ON_on_October_5,_1987_(22815421456).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/VIA_6917_at_Newtonville%2C_ON_on_October_5%2C_1987_%2822815421456%29.jpg/220px-VIA_6917_at_Newtonville%2C_ON_on_October_5%2C_1987_%2822815421456%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/VIA_6917_at_Newtonville%2C_ON_on_October_5%2C_1987_%2822815421456%29.jpg/330px-VIA_6917_at_Newtonville%2C_ON_on_October_5%2C_1987_%2822815421456%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/VIA_6917_at_Newtonville%2C_ON_on_October_5%2C_1987_%2822815421456%29.jpg/440px-VIA_6917_at_Newtonville%2C_ON_on_October_5%2C_1987_%2822815421456%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2000" data-file-height="1370" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/LRC_(train)" title="LRC (train)">LRC</a> trainset </figcaption></figure> <p>Bombardier's locomotives were mostly linked to their acquisition of <a href="/wiki/Adtranz" title="Adtranz">Adtranz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Montreal_Locomotive_Works" title="Montreal Locomotive Works">Montreal Locomotive Works</a>, as well as joint venture with <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a>. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BLS_485_006.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BLS_485_006.jpeg/220px-BLS_485_006.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BLS_485_006.jpeg/330px-BLS_485_006.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/BLS_485_006.jpeg/440px-BLS_485_006.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="1068" data-file-height="510" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/TRAXX" class="mw-redirect" title="TRAXX">TRAXX</a> electric locomotive</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_ALP-46" title="Bombardier ALP-46">ALP-46</a> – <a href="/wiki/Electric_locomotive" title="Electric locomotive">electric locomotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_ALP-45DP" title="Bombardier ALP-45DP">ALP-45DP</a> – <a href="/wiki/Electro-diesel_locomotive" title="Electro-diesel locomotive">dual-mode locomotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EP10" title="EP10">EP10</a> – electric locomotive</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LRC_(train)" title="LRC (train)">LRC</a> – <a href="/wiki/Diesel_locomotive" title="Diesel locomotive">diesel locomotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier%E2%80%93Alstom_HHP-8" title="Bombardier–Alstom HHP-8">Bombardier–Alstom HHP-8</a> – electric locomotive</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iore" title="Iore">Iore</a> – electric locomotive</li> <li><a href="/wiki/TRAXX" class="mw-redirect" title="TRAXX">TRAXX</a> – electric and diesel-electric locomotives</li> <li><a href="/wiki/FS_Class_E.464" title="FS Class E.464">FS Class E.464</a> – electric locomotive</li></ul> <p>Other than the LRC, all other locomotives were based on European designs. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Passenger_cars">Passenger cars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Passenger cars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Morristown_Express.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Morristown_Express.jpg/220px-Morristown_Express.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Morristown_Express.jpg/330px-Morristown_Express.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ab/Morristown_Express.jpg/440px-Morristown_Express.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5456" data-file-height="3321" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_MultiLevel_Coach" title="Bombardier MultiLevel Coach">Multi-Level car</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_BiLevel_Coach" title="Bombardier BiLevel Coach">BiLevel Coach</a> – commuter rail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_MultiLevel_Coach" title="Bombardier MultiLevel Coach">MultiLevel Coach</a> – commuter rail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Double-deck_Coach" title="Bombardier Double-deck Coach">Double-deck Coach</a> now renamed Twindexx</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_(railcar)" title="Comet (railcar)">Comet coaches</a> – commuter rail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon_(railcar)" title="Horizon (railcar)">Horizon coaches</a> – intercity rail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoreliner" title="Shoreliner">Shoreliner</a> coaches – commuter rail</li> <li><a href="/wiki/LRC_(train)" title="LRC (train)">LRC</a> coaches</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superliner_(railcar)" title="Superliner (railcar)">Superliner</a> II – intercity rail</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Regular-speed_multiple-unit_trains">Regular-speed multiple-unit trains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Regular-speed multiple-unit trains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:204px;max-width:204px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:202px;max-width:202px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_%28cropped%29.jpg/200px-VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_%28cropped%29.jpg/300px-VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_%28cropped%29.jpg/400px-VLine_Vlocity_at_Southern_Cross_Station_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4938" data-file-height="2970" /></a></span></div></div></div></div></div> <p><a href="/wiki/V/Line_VLocity" title="V/Line VLocity">V/Line VLocity</a> at <a href="/wiki/Southern_Cross_railway_station" title="Southern Cross railway station">Southern Cross Station</a> in Melbourne, Australia</p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG/220px-Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="157" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG/330px-Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d1/Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG/440px-Gautrain-in-depot-retouched.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2788" data-file-height="1994" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Gautrain" title="Gautrain">Gautrain</a> <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Electrostar" title="Bombardier Electrostar">Bombardier Electrostar</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aventra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Aventra">Aventra</a> – EMU, successor for the <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Electrostar" title="Bombardier Electrostar">Electrostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Metro_A-City_4000_Class" class="mw-redirect" title="Adelaide Metro A-City 4000 Class">Adelaide Metro A-City 4000 Class</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autorail_%C3%A0_grande_capacit%C3%A9" title="Autorail à grande capacité">AGC</a> (<i>Autorail à grande capacité</i>) – Dual mode or electric MU regional train</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Electrostar" title="Bombardier Electrostar">Electrostar</a> – EMU, <i>(see also British Rail Classes <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_357" title="British Rail Class 357">357</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_375" title="British Rail Class 375">375</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_376" title="British Rail Class 376">376</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_377" title="British Rail Class 377">377</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_378" title="British Rail Class 378">378</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_379" title="British Rail Class 379">379</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_387" title="British Rail Class 387">387</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Highliner" title="Highliner">Highliner</a> – Double deck EMU commuter trains for <a href="/wiki/Metra" title="Metra">Metra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DSB_Class_MF" title="DSB Class MF">IC3</a> – EMU or DMU</li> <li>CP2000 (Portuguese Railways Class 3400)<sup id="cite_ref-67" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M7_(railcar)" title="M7 (railcar)">M7</a> – EMU commuter train for the <a href="/wiki/Long_Island_Rail_Road" title="Long Island Rail Road">Long Island Rail Road</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metro-North_Railroad" title="Metro-North Railroad">Metro-North Railroad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MR-90" title="MR-90">MR-90</a> – EMU commuter train for the <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_de_transport_m%C3%A9tropolitain" class="mw-redirect" title="Réseau de transport métropolitain">Réseau de transport métropolitain</a> <a href="/wiki/Deux-Montagnes_line" title="Deux-Montagnes line">Deux-Montagnes line</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interurban_Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Interurban Multiple Unit">Interurban Multiple Unit</a> (160 series), <a href="/wiki/Suburban_Multiple_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Suburban Multiple Unit">Suburban Multiple Unit</a> (260 series) & <a href="/wiki/New_Generation_Rollingstock" title="New Generation Rollingstock">New Generation Rollingstock</a> EMU's for Brisbane and South East Queensland</li> <li><a href="/wiki/RegioSwinger" class="mw-redirect" title="RegioSwinger">RegioSwinger</a> – tilting DMU</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Talent" title="Bombardier Talent">Talent</a> – DMU or EMU regional train</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Talent_2" title="Bombardier Talent 2">Talent 2</a> – EMU regional train</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Talent_3" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Talent 3">Talent 3</a> – EMU regional train. Business to be transferred to CAF in 2022</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Turbostar" title="Bombardier Turbostar">Turbostar</a> – DMU counterpart to the Electrostar, <i>(see also British Rail Classes <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_168" title="British Rail Class 168">168</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_170" title="British Rail Class 170">170</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_171" title="British Rail Class 171">171</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_172" title="British Rail Class 172">172</a>)</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/V/Line_VLocity" title="V/Line VLocity">VLocity</a> DMU trains for <a href="/wiki/V/Line" title="V/Line">V/Line</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_Z_50000" title="SNCF Class Z 50000">Spacium</a> "<i>Le Francilien</i>" – EMU commuter train for the <a href="/wiki/Transilien" title="Transilien">Transilien</a> <a href="/wiki/Transilien_Paris-Nord" title="Transilien Paris-Nord">H</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transilien_Paris-Nord" title="Transilien Paris-Nord">K</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transilien_Paris-Saint-Lazare" title="Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare">J</a>, <a href="/wiki/Transilien_Paris-Saint-Lazare" title="Transilien Paris-Saint-Lazare">L</a> and <a href="/wiki/Transilien_Line_P" title="Transilien Line P">P</a> lines</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sprinter_Lighttrain" title="Sprinter Lighttrain">Sprinter Lighttrain</a> – 4 car EMU regional rail trainset for <a href="/wiki/Nederlandse_Spoorwegen" title="Nederlandse Spoorwegen">Nederlandse Spoorwegen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Omneo" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Omneo">Omneo</a> – EMU for French operator <a href="/wiki/SNCF" title="SNCF">SNCF</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Double-deck_Coach" title="Bombardier Double-deck Coach">Twindexx</a> – EMU variation of the former German double-deck coach cars</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="High-speed_trains">High-speed trains</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: High-speed trains"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg/220px-AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg/330px-AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg/440px-AmtrakAcela2035atNewHavenUnion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="768" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Acela" title="Acela">Acela</a> train</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acela" title="Acela">Acela</a> (former leader of a project in which <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a> is a participant)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intercity_Express" title="Intercity Express">Intercity Express</a> (participant in a <a href="/wiki/Siemens_Mobility" title="Siemens Mobility">Siemens</a>-led project)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/JetTrain" title="JetTrain">JetTrain</a> (experimental)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Regina" title="Bombardier Regina">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_220" title="British Rail Class 220">Voyager</a>, <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_221" title="British Rail Class 221">Super Voyager</a> and <a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_222" title="British Rail Class 222">Meridian</a> diesel-electric multiple units</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Zefiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Zefiro">Zefiro</a>, trainsets built for the Chinese market, which have a maximum speed of 380 kilometres per hour (240 mph)<sup id="cite_ref-68" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Business to be transferred to <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail" title="Hitachi Rail">Hitachi Rail</a> in 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AVE_Class_102" class="mw-redirect" title="AVE Class 102">AVE S-102</a> (Talgo-350) and <a href="/wiki/RENFE_Class_130" class="mw-redirect" title="RENFE Class 130">Alvia S-130</a> (Talgo 250) with <a href="/wiki/Talgo" title="Talgo">Talgo</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="People_movers">People movers</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: People movers"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Guided_Light_Transit" title="Bombardier Guided Light Transit">Guided Light Transit</a> (GLT)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Innovia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Innovia">Bombardier Innovia</a></li></ul> <p>Bombardier also supplied propulsion units, train-control systems, bogies, and other parts, and maintained train fleets. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Services">Services</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Services"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In addition to manufacturing a wide variety of passenger rail vehicles and locomotives, Bombardier Transportation provided services for commuter train providers. </p> <ul><li>Maintenance: Bombardier Transportation had several maintenance contracts for the servicing of commuter trains. This includes fuelling, storage, train washing and upkeep. Some of its key clients were <a href="/wiki/GO_Transit" title="GO Transit">GO Transit</a>, MARC Train, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_de_transport_m%C3%A9tropolitain" class="mw-redirect" title="Réseau de transport métropolitain">Réseau de transport métropolitain</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Metrolink_(California)" title="Metrolink (California)">Metrolink</a>.<figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg/219px-NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg" decoding="async" width="219" height="152" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg/329px-NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg/438px-NCTD_Coaster_Phase-II_SantaFe.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2160" data-file-height="1497" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Coaster_(rail_service)" title="Coaster (rail service)">NCTD Coaster</a> Phase II livery <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_BiLevel_Coach" title="Bombardier BiLevel Coach">Bombardier BiLevel Coach</a> cab car at the <a href="/wiki/Santa_Fe_Depot_(San_Diego)" title="Santa Fe Depot (San Diego)">San Diego Santa Fe Depot</a>.</figcaption></figure></li> <li>Train operation: Bombardier Transportation operated a number of commuter and light rail systems under contract with various transit agencies. It was the operator for six of the seven <a href="/wiki/GO_Transit" title="GO Transit">GO Transit</a> commuter train lines in Ontario from 2008 to 2015. As of February 2015, It operated all GO Transit rail train lines. In 2015, it also began the operation of the <a href="/wiki/Union_Pearson_Express" title="Union Pearson Express">Union Pearson Express</a> airport link in Toronto. Other systems operated by Bombardier include <a href="/wiki/SunRail" title="SunRail">SunRail</a> in central Florida, <a href="/wiki/MARC_Train" title="MARC Train">MARC Train</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Brunswick_Line" title="Brunswick Line">Brunswick</a> and <a href="/wiki/Camden_Line" title="Camden Line">Camden Lines</a> in Washington and Maryland, the <a href="/wiki/Sprinter_(rail_service)" title="Sprinter (rail service)">Sprinter</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coaster_(rail_service)" title="Coaster (rail service)">Coaster</a> lines in the San Diego area, and the <a href="/wiki/River_Line_(NJ_Transit)" title="River Line (NJ Transit)">River Line</a> in New Jersey.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The company also operated a number of airport people-mover systems, typically systems it built, such as the <a href="/wiki/AirTrain_JFK" title="AirTrain JFK">AirTrain JFK</a> and <a href="/wiki/AirTrain_Newark" title="AirTrain Newark">AirTrain Newark</a> in New York City under contract with the <a href="/wiki/Port_Authority_of_New_York_%26_New_Jersey" class="mw-redirect" title="Port Authority of New York & New Jersey">Port Authority of New York & New Jersey</a>.</li> <li>From 2012/2013, the Savli factory (India) is also planned to assemble <a href="/wiki/Electro-Motive_Diesel" title="Electro-Motive Diesel">Electro-Motive Diesel</a> products for Asian customers.<sup id="cite_ref-71" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>In November 2016, Bombardier Transportation signed an eight-year contract worth of $331 million to supply operating and maintaining services with <a href="/wiki/R%C3%A9seau_de_transport_m%C3%A9tropolitain" class="mw-redirect" title="Réseau de transport métropolitain">Réseau de transport métropolitain</a>'s six commuter rail lines in Montreal.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Facilities">Facilities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Facilities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bombardier Transportation had production facilities or product development in: </p> <ul><li>Africa: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/af/Flag_of_South_Africa.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Africa.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>South Africa: Traction converter equipment factory at Isando, opened 2016.<sup id="cite_ref-safac_73-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-safac-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Asia: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>China: Joint ventures with native companies <a href="/wiki/CRRC_Qingdao_Sifang#Bombardier_Sifang_(Qingdao)_Transportation_Ltd" title="CRRC Qingdao Sifang">Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation Ltd</a>, <a href="/wiki/CRRC_Changchun_Railway_Vehicles" title="CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles">CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles</a>, <a href="/wiki/CRRC_Nanjing_Puzhen" title="CRRC Nanjing Puzhen">CRRC Puzhen Bombardier Transportation Systems Limited</a>, Bombardier NUG Propulsion and Signaling Systems, <a href="/wiki/Shanghai_Metro" title="Shanghai Metro">Shentong Bombardier (Shanghai) Rail Transit Vehicle Maintenance Company</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-74" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-75" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Together these joint ventures produced over 4,700 railway passenger cars, 580 electric locomotives and 3,000 metro cars, Monorail, APM and trams for China's rail transit market.<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/23px-Flag_of_India.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/35px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_India.svg/45px-Flag_of_India.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>India: <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Movia" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Movia">Movia</a>-car manufacturing and electrical component manufacture in <a href="/wiki/Vadodara" title="Vadodara">Vadodara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarat" title="Gujarat">Gujarat</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Europe: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Austria: Sites include <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Wien_Schienenfahrzeuge" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Wien Schienenfahrzeuge">Bombardier Wien Schienenfahrzeuge</a> (former <i>Lohner-Werke</i>)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/45px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Belgium: Passenger vehicles,<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at former <a href="/wiki/BN_Constructions_Ferroviaries_et_M%C3%A9talliques" class="mw-redirect" title="BN Constructions Ferroviaries et Métalliques">BN Constructions Ferroviaries et Métalliques</a> plant</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Czech_Republic.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Czech Republic: freight rolling stock<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg/220px-Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg/330px-Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg/440px-Mixed-consist_MAX_train_arriving_at_Sunset_TC_in_2012.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3872" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>Bombardier "Type 1" (trimet)</figcaption></figure><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/20px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/31px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Flag_of_Denmark.svg/40px-Flag_of_Denmark.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="387" /></span></span> </span>Denmark: Continues production of <a href="/wiki/DSB_Class_MF" title="DSB Class MF">IC3</a> "flexiliner" passenger multiple units.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/23px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/35px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/45px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>France: Regional and suburban trains, metros,<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> at former <a href="/wiki/ANF_Industrie" class="mw-redirect" title="ANF Industrie">ANF Industrie</a> plant in <a href="/wiki/Crespin,_Nord" title="Crespin, Nord">Crespin</a> (north of France).</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Germany: Major facilities for production of mass transit, regional, and high speed passenger trains. Control systems.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Diesel and electric locomotive manufacture. Sites include : <ul><li>Former <a href="/wiki/LEW_Hennigsdorf" title="LEW Hennigsdorf">LEW Hennigsdorf</a> nr. Berlin</li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Henschel_%26_Son" title="Henschel & Son">Henschel & Son</a> locomotive works in <a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a></li> <li>Former ABB Werk-Sued <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> – rail vehicle drive and control systems; passenger and signalling systems; inductive charging (<i>PRIMOVE</i>); as well as project management, sales and fleet management/<sup id="cite_ref-78" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>), and others.</li> <li>Former <a href="/wiki/Waggonbau_G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Waggonbau Görlitz">Waggonbau Görlitz</a> plant producing <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Double-deck_Coach" title="Bombardier Double-deck Coach">Double-deck Coaches</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span>Greece: From 1999 to 2009 Bombardier manufactured train parts for the then OSE SA which were assembled by the Hellenic Shipyards Skaramaga with other companies.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/23px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/35px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Flag_of_Hungary.svg/46px-Flag_of_Hungary.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Hungary</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span>Italy: Production site for <a href="/wiki/FS_Class_E.464" title="FS Class E.464">FS Class E.464</a> at former <a href="/wiki/Tecnomasio" title="Tecnomasio">Tecnomasio</a> plant in <a href="/wiki/Vado_Ligure" title="Vado Ligure">Vado Ligure</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/21px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/32px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Norway.svg/41px-Flag_of_Norway.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="372" /></span></span> </span>Norway: Servicing of Adtranz products <a href="/wiki/NSB_Class_73" title="NSB Class 73">NSB Class 73</a> and <a href="/wiki/GMB_Class_71" class="mw-redirect" title="GMB Class 71">GMB Class 71</a> built at former Adtranz factory in <a href="/wiki/Str%C3%B8mmen" title="Strømmen">Strømmen</a><sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (see <a href="/wiki/Str%C3%B8mmens_V%C3%A6rksted" title="Strømmens Værksted">Strømmens Værksted</a>), also manufactures <a href="/wiki/NSB_Class_93" class="mw-redirect" title="NSB Class 93">NSB Class 93</a><sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span>Poland: (<a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation_Polska" title="Bombardier Transportation Polska">Bombardier Transportation Polska</a>), included manufacturing site in Wrocław (former <a href="/wiki/Pafawag" title="Pafawag">Pafawag</a> factory), Katowice, Łódź and Warsaw.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span>Romania: Underground trains in Bucharest, mass transport.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span>Spain: Trapagaran<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/23px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/35px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4c/Flag_of_Sweden.svg/46px-Flag_of_Sweden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span>Sweden: Production, engineering, development<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Also manufactures <a href="/wiki/Regina_(train)" class="mw-redirect" title="Regina (train)">Regina EMUs</a>.</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span>  </span>Switzerland: Research and design – propulsion and bogies, also manufacture of high capacity (double decker) passenger vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sites include former <a href="/wiki/Ateliers_de_Constructions_M%C3%A9caniques_de_Vevey" title="Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey">Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey</a> in Villeneuve</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/ae/Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Kingdom.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>United Kingdom: <a href="/wiki/Derby_Litchurch_Lane_Works" title="Derby Litchurch Lane Works">Derby Litchurch Lane Works</a> – Manufacturing <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Turbostar" title="Bombardier Turbostar">Turbostar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Electrostar" title="Bombardier Electrostar">Electrostar</a> and <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aventra" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Aventra">Aventra</a> passenger multiple units and London Underground Stock, Such as, the <a href="/wiki/London_Underground_S7_and_S8_Stock" title="London Underground S7 and S8 Stock">S stock</a>, 2009 Stock.</li></ul></li> <li>North America: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Canada_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span>Canada: Engineering facilities in <a href="/wiki/Saint-Bruno,_Quebec" title="Saint-Bruno, Quebec">Saint-Bruno, Quebec</a> and <a href="/wiki/Millhaven,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Millhaven, Ontario">Millhaven, Ontario</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Urban_Transportation_Development_Corporation" title="Urban Transportation Development Corporation">Urban Transportation Development Corporation</a> facility); manufacturing facilities in <a href="/wiki/Thunder_Bay,_Ontario" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunder Bay, Ontario">Thunder Bay, Ontario</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_%26_Foundry" class="mw-redirect" title="Canadian Car & Foundry">Canadian Car & Foundry</a> Can-Car Rail plant), and <a href="/wiki/La_Pocati%C3%A8re,_Quebec" class="mw-redirect" title="La Pocatière, Quebec">La Pocatière, Quebec</a> (former Moto-Ski plant)<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span>Mexico: <a href="/wiki/Ciudad_Sahag%C3%BAn" title="Ciudad Sahagún">Ciudad Sahagún</a> (former <a href="/wiki/Concarril" class="mw-redirect" title="Concarril">Concarril</a> factory) – engineering and production site.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span>United States: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Plattsburgh_(city),_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="Plattsburgh (city), New York">Plattsburgh, New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/West_Mifflin,_Pennsylvania" title="West Mifflin, Pennsylvania">West Mifflin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pennsylvania" title="Pennsylvania">Pennsylvania</a> (originally <a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_(1886)" class="mw-redirect" title="Westinghouse Electric (1886)">Westinghouse Electric</a> and ADtranz)<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburg,_California" title="Pittsburg, California">Pittsburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a> (originally <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail_Italy" title="Hitachi Rail Italy">AnsaldoBreda</a>, leased from <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail" title="Hitachi Rail">Hitachi Rail</a>)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li>Oceania: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/23px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/35px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg/46px-Flag_of_Australia_%28converted%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> </span>Australia: Bombardier Transportation Australia – <a href="/wiki/Dandenong_rolling_stock_factory" title="Dandenong rolling stock factory">Dandenong, Victoria</a> and <a href="/wiki/Milton,_Queensland" title="Milton, Queensland">Milton, Queensland</a></li></ul></li> <li>South America: <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/22px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/33px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/05/Flag_of_Brazil.svg/43px-Flag_of_Brazil.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="700" /></span></span> </span>Brazil: Monorail manufacturing facility in Hortolandia <a href="/wiki/S%C3%A3o_Paulo_(state)" title="São Paulo (state)">São Paulo</a> state.<sup id="cite_ref-hist1_8-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Legal_issues">Legal issues</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Legal issues"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Deutsche_Bahn">Deutsche Bahn</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Deutsche Bahn"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In early 2013, <span title="German-language text"><span lang="de" style="font-style: normal;"><a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn">Deutsche Bahn</a></span></span> announced that it was suing Bombardier for €350 million because of some serious defects in trains used on the suburban <a href="/wiki/Berlin_S-Bahn" title="Berlin S-Bahn">S-Bahn</a> rail network in Berlin. This was in addition to the €160 million it was asking for from Bombardier because of problems with more than 200 regional trains operating in southern Germany and problems with the brakes in regional and local trains in Munich.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The matter was settled out of court in March 2015. Lutz Bertling, head of Bombardier's transportation division at the time, confirmed the two firms had come to an agreement, saying: "The settlement is a positive signal for our future cooperation."<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Everline">Everline</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Everline"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In January 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Broadcasting_Corporation" title="Canadian Broadcasting Corporation">Canadian Broadcasting Corporation</a> (CBC) reported<sup id="cite_ref-EverlineCBC_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EverlineCBC-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EverlineFrench_84-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EverlineFrench-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EverlineEnquete_85-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EverlineEnquete-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> that South Korea's Special Investigation Unit for anti-corruption produced a report accusing Bombardier Transportation of corruption in the pursuit of the 2004 contract to build an 18 km (11 mi) elevated <a href="/wiki/Light_rail" title="Light rail">Light Rapid Transit</a> (LRT) rail system called the <a href="/wiki/Everline" class="mw-redirect" title="Everline">Everline</a> connecting the <a href="/wiki/Giheung_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Giheung Station">Giheung Station</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Metropolitan_Subway#Lines_and_branches" title="Seoul Metropolitan Subway">Bundang (Yellow Line)</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Seoul_Metropolitan_Subway" title="Seoul Metropolitan Subway">Seoul Metropolitan Subway</a> system to a large amusement park named <a href="/wiki/Everland" title="Everland">Everland</a>, via <a href="/wiki/Yongin" title="Yongin">Yongin</a>, the 12th largest city in South Korea, about 30 km (19 mi) from central <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>. </p><p>The investigation report alleges that Bombardier provided gifts and trips to Canada for civil servants and politicians involved in the contract decision, which was based on revenue expected from an inflated estimate of 180,000 passengers per day using the service. It also alleges that Bombardier created a $2-million slush fund for the Canadian citizen Kim Hak-Pil, a high-ranking Bombardier executive in South Korea. Bombardier has consistently denied the corruption allegations, stating that "They were not pleasure trips. There is a need to convince the people that our technology works well.... If it had been corruption, they would have charged us." The <a href="/wiki/Statute_of_limitations" title="Statute of limitations">statute of limitations</a> has now expired, due to lack of evidence according to Bombardier. </p><p>Everline operation has been financially troubled since construction was completed in 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system remained dormant until service began in 2013<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while the line owner successfully negotiated with the city of Yongin a minimum revenue guarantee of 29.5 billion KRW<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> per year regardless of passenger load.<sup id="cite_ref-JoongAng_89-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JoongAng-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This is said to be a serious burden for the city because ridership is reported to have risen to only about 20,000 passengers per day on the 30 carriages, or about a quarter of the maximum possible capacity of the fleet in a 12-hour day. A reason suggested for this is the fare of 1100 KRW (about US$1 in 2015); it is impossible to pay for Everline trips via a transfer surcharge on a connecting subway ticket. A 2014 web page<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of a Seoul tour service retailer makes no mention of the Everline among the suggested modes of bus transport between Seoul and Everland. A lawyer who filed legal action on behalf of the citizens of Yongin is reported to have provided details about Bombardier's pursuit of the contract. He said that "between 2003 and 2005, Bombardier funded three luxurious trips to Canada to each of 37 people" including 18 Yongin city councillors on so-called "LRT field trips".<sup id="cite_ref-EverlineCBC_83-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EverlineCBC-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-EverlineFrench_84-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-EverlineFrench-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg/220px-TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg/330px-TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b8/TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg/440px-TorontoFlexityStreetcarsOnCPTrainBolton2018Dec07.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4320" data-file-height="3240" /></a><figcaption>Toronto Flexity streetcars in December 2018</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Toronto_Transit_Commission">Toronto Transit Commission</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Toronto Transit Commission"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>On 16 October 2015, the <a href="/wiki/Toronto_Transit_Commission" title="Toronto Transit Commission">Toronto Transit Commission</a> (TTC) announced that it had asked its board to consider legal action against Bombardier. TTC staff is recommending that the TTC board "commence legal action, or make a claim allowed for already in the contract, of $50 million for late delivery" against Bombardier. Bombardier had committed to delivering 67 <a href="/wiki/Flexity_Outlook_(Toronto_streetcar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Flexity Outlook (Toronto streetcar)">custom-built Flexity Outlook streetcars</a> to the TTC by October 2015 for <a href="/wiki/Toronto_streetcar_system" title="Toronto streetcar system">its streetcar system</a>, but only 10 were in service at the time.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 28 October 2015, the TTC board voted in favour of a lawsuit against Bombardier "for at least $50 million to recoup lost costs", according to Chair <a href="/wiki/Josh_Colle" title="Josh Colle">Josh Colle</a>, because of the company's failure to deliver the additional new streetcars.<sup id="cite_ref-93" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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Rolling Stock Company">Kawasaki Heavy Industries Rolling Stock Company</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nippon_Sharyo" title="Nippon Sharyo">Nippon Sharyo</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The price would be subject to the acquired company entering profitability in the following year – if not the sale price would be reduced.<sup id="cite_ref-sa1_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sa1-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bombardier_Transportation&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFJRTR2005" class="citation journal cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110613164538/http://www.jrtr.net/jrtr42/pdf/f17_bom.pdf">"Bombardier Transportation – A Global Transportation Leader"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Japan Railway & Transport Review</i> (42): <span class="nowrap">17–</span>25. December 2005. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.jrtr.net/jrtr42/pdf/f17_bom.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 13 June 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Japan+Railway+%26+Transport+Review&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Transportation+%E2%80%93+A+Global+Transportation+Leader&rft.issue=42&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E17-%3C%2Fspan%3E25&rft.date=2005-12&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.jrtr.net%2Fjrtr42%2Fpdf%2Ff17_bom.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <p><b>Footnotes</b> </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bombardier.com/en/media/news/bombardier-closes-sale-its-transportation-business-alstom?docID=0901260d8001dffa#main-content">"Bombardier Closes Sale of its Transportation business to Alstom"</a>. <i>Bombardier</i>. 29 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bombardier&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Closes+Sale+of+its+Transportation+business+to+Alstom&rft.date=2021-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbombardier.com%2Fen%2Fmedia%2Fnews%2Fbombardier-closes-sale-its-transportation-business-alstom%3FdocID%3D0901260d8001dffa%23main-content&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AlstomPR_29-01-2021-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-AlstomPR_29-01-2021_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-AlstomPR_29-01-2021_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.alstom.com/press-releases-news/2021/1/transformational-step-alstom-completion-acquisition-bombardier#_ftnref1">"A transformational step for Alstom: completion of the acquisition of Bombardier Transportation"</a>. <i>Alstom Press releases and news</i>. 29 January 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Alstom+Press+releases+and+news&rft.atitle=A+transformational+step+for+Alstom%3A+completion+of+the+acquisition+of+Bombardier+Transportation&rft.date=2021-01-29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.alstom.com%2Fpress-releases-news%2F2021%2F1%2Ftransformational-step-alstom-completion-acquisition-bombardier%23_ftnref1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFDavid_Burroughs2021" class="citation web cs1">David Burroughs (15 February 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.railjournal.com/financial/bombardier-transportation-revenue-drops-in-2020/">"Bombardier Transportation revenue drops in 2020"</a>. <i>IRJ – International Railway Journal</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IRJ+%E2%80%93+International+Railway+Journal&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Transportation+revenue+drops+in+2020&rft.date=2021-02-15&rft.au=David+Burroughs&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Ffinancial%2Fbombardier-transportation-revenue-drops-in-2020%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBombardier_Inc." class="citation web cs1">Bombardier Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bombardier.com/en/media/newsList/details.bt_20170703_grp_bombardier-transportation-relocates-global-headq.bombardiercom.html">"Bombardier Transportation Relocates Global Headquarters within Berlin"</a>. <i>bombardier.com l</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 July</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=bombardier.com+l&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Transportation+Relocates+Global+Headquarters+within+Berlin&rft.au=Bombardier+Inc.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bombardier.com%2Fen%2Fmedia%2FnewsList%2Fdetails.bt_20170703_grp_bombardier-transportation-relocates-global-headq.bombardiercom.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFBombardier_Inc." class="citation web cs1">Bombardier Inc. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.2findlocal.com/b/9164696">"Bombardier Transportation | Phone 4930986070 | Berlin, Germany"</a>. <i>2findlocal.com</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=2findlocal.com&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Transportation+%26%23124%3B+Phone+4930986070+%26%23124%3B+Berlin%2C+Germany&rft.au=Bombardier+Inc.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.2findlocal.com%2Fb%2F9164696&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bombardier.com/en/about-us.html">"About Transportation"</a>. <i>Bombardier Inc</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bombardier+Inc.&rft.atitle=About+Transportation&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bombardier.com%2Fen%2Fabout-us.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-vanpraet20210129-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-vanpraet20210129_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFVan_Praet2021" class="citation news cs1">Van Praet, Nicolas (29 January 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-alstom-ceo-says-several-years-to-fix-bombardiers-rail-business-but-no/">"Alstom CEO says 'several years' needed to fix Bombardier's rail business, but no plans to shut Ontario, Quebec plants"</a>. <i>The Globe and Mail</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 January</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Globe+and+Mail&rft.atitle=Alstom+CEO+says+%27several+years%27+needed+to+fix+Bombardier%27s+rail+business%2C+but+no+plans+to+shut+Ontario%2C+Quebec+plants&rft.date=2021-01-29&rft.aulast=Van+Praet&rft.aufirst=Nicolas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theglobeandmail.com%2Fbusiness%2Farticle-alstom-ceo-says-several-years-to-fix-bombardiers-rail-business-but-no%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-hist1-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-10"><sup><i><b>k</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-11"><sup><i><b>l</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-12"><sup><i><b>m</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-13"><sup><i><b>n</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-14"><sup><i><b>o</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-15"><sup><i><b>p</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-16"><sup><i><b>q</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-17"><sup><i><b>r</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-18"><sup><i><b>s</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-hist1_8-19"><sup><i><b>t</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFJRTR2005">JRTR 2005</a>, n.42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMagderScott2016" class="citation news cs1">Magder, Jason; Scott, Marian (14 October 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://montrealgazette.com/news/local-news/the-metro-at-50-the-clash-with-car-culture">"The métro at 50: The clash with car culture"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Gazette" class="mw-redirect" title="Montreal Gazette">Montreal Gazette</a></i>. <q>Laurent Beaudoin, then CEO of Bombardier, got a visit from Drapeau, who told him the city needed 400 new métro cars, and the company should bid on the contract ... The bid from Canadian Vickers, which had manufactured the first cars, was judged by the city to be non-conforming because of a technicality in the wiring system — and gave Bombardier the win ... Bombardier has since become a major player in the world of public transit, supplying trains for London, New York, Toronto and others.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Montreal+Gazette&rft.atitle=The+m%C3%A9tro+at+50%3A+The+clash+with+car+culture&rft.date=2016-10-14&rft.aulast=Magder&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft.au=Scott%2C+Marian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmontrealgazette.com%2Fnews%2Flocal-news%2Fthe-metro-at-50-the-clash-with-car-culture&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bombardier takes over MLW <i><a href="/wiki/Railway_Gazette_International" title="Railway Gazette International">Railway Gazette International</a></i> February 1975 page 45</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Bombardier buys Budd passenger car designs <i><a href="/wiki/Railway_Age" title="Railway Age">Railway Age</a></i> October 1987 page 37</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarnsworth1991" class="citation web cs1">Farnsworth, Clyde H. (28 December 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/28/business/company-news-bombardier-returns-to-earth.html">"Bombardier Returns to Earth"</a>. <i>New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 October</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Returns+to+Earth&rft.date=1991-12-28&rft.aulast=Farnsworth&rft.aufirst=Clyde+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F28%2Fbusiness%2Fcompany-news-bombardier-returns-to-earth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarnsworth1991" class="citation news cs1">Farnsworth, Clyde H. (28 December 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1991/12/28/business/company-news-bombardier-returns-to-earth.html">"Bombardier Returns to Earth"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Returns+to+Earth&rft.date=1991-12-28&rft.aulast=Farnsworth&rft.aufirst=Clyde+H.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1991%2F12%2F28%2Fbusiness%2Fcompany-news-bombardier-returns-to-earth.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20121014081816/http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=53000589">"Bombardier Prorail Limited"</a>. <i>investing.businessweek.com</i>. <a href="/wiki/Bloomberg_L.P." title="Bloomberg L.P.">Bloomberg</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=53000589">the original</a> on 14 October 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=investing.businessweek.com&rft.atitle=Bombardier+Prorail+Limited&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Finvesting.businessweek.com%2Fresearch%2Fstocks%2Fprivate%2Fsnapshot.asp%3FprivcapId%3D53000589&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110706133819/http://www.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be/">"Geschiedenis (1855 – ....)"</a>. <i>www.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be</i> (in Dutch). ABVV (<a href="/wiki/General_Federation_of_Belgian_Labour" class="mw-redirect" title="General Federation of Belgian Labour">General Federation of Belgian Labour</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be/#gpm1_2">the original</a> on 6 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 June</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be&rft.atitle=Geschiedenis+%281855+%E2%80%93+....%29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.abvv-bombardier.dommel.be%2F%23gpm1_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMiville_Tremblay1994" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Miville Tremblay (1994). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YlLv_UrDwgIC"><i>Le sang jaune de Bombardier: la gestion de Laurent Beaudoin</i></a> (in French). PUQ. p. 56. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9782760520974" title="Special:BookSources/9782760520974"><bdi>9782760520974</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Le+sang+jaune+de+Bombardier%3A+la+gestion+de+Laurent+Beaudoin&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=PUQ&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=9782760520974&rft.au=Miville+Tremblay&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYlLv_UrDwgIC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFFarnsworth1991" class="citation web cs1">Farnsworth, Clyde H. 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September 2000. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Kojects.com&rft.atitle=YongIn+Everline+to+Finally+Open+%28For+real+this+time%21%29+%E2%80%93+Kojects&rft.date=2011-11-20&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkojects.com%2F2013%2F04%2F23%2Fyongin-everline-to-finally-open-for-real-this-time%2F%23more-1989&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JoongAng-89"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JoongAng_89-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFKwon_Sang-soo2013" class="citation news cs1">Kwon Sang-soo (1 June 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://koreajoongangdaily.joins.com/news/article/article.aspx?aid=2972459">"Yongin EverLine: New train, few passengers"</a>. <i>Korea JoongAng Daily</i>. <a href="/wiki/JoongAng_Ilbo" title="JoongAng Ilbo">JoongAng Ilbo</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Korea+JoongAng+Daily&rft.atitle=Yongin+EverLine%3A+New+train%2C+few+passengers&rft.date=2013-06-01&rft.au=Kwon+Sang-soo&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fkoreajoongangdaily.joins.com%2Fnews%2Farticle%2Farticle.aspx%3Faid%3D2972459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-90"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-90">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160317074754/http://funtastickorea.com/how-to-get-to-everland-from-seoul-comprehensive-transportation-guide-for-everland-with-discount-ticket-info/">"How to get to Everland from Seoul (Transportation guide and discount ticket info) – Funtastic Korea Blog"</a>. <i>Funtastickorea.com</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://funtastickorea.com/how-to-get-to-everland-from-seoul-comprehensive-transportation-guide-for-everland-with-discount-ticket-info">the original</a> on 17 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 March</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Funtastickorea.com&rft.atitle=How+to+get+to+Everland+from+Seoul+%28Transportation+guide+and+discount+ticket+info%29+%E2%80%93+Funtastic+Korea+Blog&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ffuntastickorea.com%2Fhow-to-get-to-everland-from-seoul-comprehensive-transportation-guide-for-everland-with-discount-ticket-info&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-91"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-91">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cp24.com/news/ttc-asks-its-board-to-consider-legal-action-against-bombardier-1.2613719">"TTC asks its board to consider legal action against Bombardier"</a>. <i>CP24</i>. 16 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CP24&rft.atitle=TTC+asks+its+board+to+consider+legal+action+against+Bombardier&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cp24.com%2Fnews%2Fttc-asks-its-board-to-consider-legal-action-against-bombardier-1.2613719&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-92"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-92">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thestar.com/news/gta/transportation/2015/10/16/ttc-considers-suing-as-bombardier-streetcars-delayed-again.html">"TTC considers suing Bombardier after new streetcar delay"</a>. <i>The Toronto Star</i>. 16 October 2015.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Toronto+Star&rft.atitle=TTC+considers+suing+Bombardier+after+new+streetcar+delay&rft.date=2015-10-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thestar.com%2Fnews%2Fgta%2Ftransportation%2F2015%2F10%2F16%2Fttc-considers-suing-as-bombardier-streetcars-delayed-again.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ABombardier+Transportation" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-93"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-93">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://toronto.citynews.ca/2015/10/28/ttc-board-votes-to-sue-bombardier-over-missing-streetcars/">"TTC board votes to sue Bombardier over streetcars"</a>. <i>Citynews.ca</i>. 28 October 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bombardier_Transportation" title="Template talk:Bombardier Transportation"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bombardier_Transportation" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bombardier Transportation"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bombardier_Transportation,_a_division_of_Alstom257" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bombardier Transportation</a>, a division of <a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturing<br />facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Brazil <ul><li>Hortolândia</li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li>La Pocatière (former <a href="/wiki/Moto-Ski" title="Moto-Ski">Moto-Ski</a> site)</li> <li>Thunder Bay (former <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_and_Foundry" title="Canadian Car and Foundry">CC&F</a>)</li> <li>Kingston (former <a href="/wiki/Canadian_Car_and_Foundry" title="Canadian Car and Foundry">CC&F</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>Mexico <ul><li>Ciudad Sahagún (former <a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation_M%C3%A9xico" title="Bombardier Transportation México">Concarril</a>)</li></ul></li> <li>United States <ul><li>Plattsburgh, New York</li> <li>Pittsburg, California (former <a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail_Italy" title="Hitachi Rail Italy">AnsaldoBreda</a>)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Europe</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation_Austria" title="Bombardier Transportation Austria">Bombardier Transportation Austria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Brugeoise_et_Nivelles" title="La Brugeoise et Nivelles">Bombardier Transportation Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Crespin" title="Alstom Crespin">Bombardier Transport France</a></li> <li>Germany (<a href="/wiki/LEW_Hennigsdorf" title="LEW Hennigsdorf">Henningsdorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Henschel_%26_Son" title="Henschel & Son">Kassel</a>, Görlitz, Bautzen)</li> <li>Bombardier Hungary (Mátranovák)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecnomasio" title="Tecnomasio">Bombardier Transportation Italy (Vado Ligure)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Transportation_Polska" title="Bombardier Transportation Polska">Bombardier Transportation Polska</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pafawag" title="Pafawag">Wrocław, former Pafawag</a></li></ul></li> <li>Bombardier Sweden (Västerås)</li> <li>Bombardier Switzerland <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ateliers_de_Constructions_M%C3%A9caniques_de_Vevey" title="Ateliers de Constructions Mécaniques de Vevey">Villeneuve, Switzerland</a></li></ul></li> <li>UK <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Derby_Litchurch_Lane_Works" title="Derby Litchurch Lane Works">Derby</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Asia</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Bombardier India (Savli)</li> <li>Bombardier Israel (Dimona)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Oceania</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Australia (Dandenong)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Joint ventures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CRRC_Qingdao_Sifang#Bombardier_Sifang_(Qingdao)_Transportation_Ltd" title="CRRC Qingdao Sifang">Bombardier Sifang (Qingdao) Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CRRC_Changchun_Railway_Vehicles" title="CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles">CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maryborough,_Queensland" title="Maryborough, Queensland">Maryborough, Queensland</a>, Australia with <a href="/wiki/Downer_Rail" title="Downer Rail">Downer Rail</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Locomotive_Works" title="Montreal Locomotive Works">Montreal Locomotive Works, Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horbury_railway_works" title="Horbury railway works">Bombardier Prorail (Horbury), UK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kalmar_Verkstad" title="Kalmar Verkstad">Kalmar, Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Str%C3%B8mmens_V%C3%A6rksted" title="Strømmens Værksted">Bombardier Transportation Norway (Strømmen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sorefame" title="Sorefame">Sorefame, Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waggonfabrik_Talbot" title="Waggonfabrik Talbot">Bombardier Talbot, Aachen</a></li> <li>United States (Barre, Vermont; Auburn, New York)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="9" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombardier.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bombardier.svg/120px-Bombardier.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bombardier.svg/180px-Bombardier.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Bombardier.svg/240px-Bombardier.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="70" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People movers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Guided_Light_Transit" title="Bombardier Guided Light Transit">Guided Light Transit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovia_APM_100" title="Innovia APM 100">Innovia APM 100</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovia_APM_200" title="Innovia APM 200">Innovia APM 200</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Multiple units</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Advanced_Rapid_Transit" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Advanced Rapid Transit">Advanced Rapid Transport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autorail_%C3%A0_grande_capacit%C3%A9" title="Autorail à grande capacité">AGC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Itino" title="Bombardier Itino">Itino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Movia" title="Alstom Movia">Movia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Regina" title="Bombardier Regina">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_RegioSwinger" title="Bombardier RegioSwinger">RegioSwinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Talent" title="Bombardier Talent">Talent</a></li> <li>Australia <ul><li><a href="/wiki/V/Line_VLocity" title="V/Line VLocity">VLocity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adelaide_Metro_4000_class" title="Adelaide Metro 4000 class">4000 class</a></li></ul></li> <li>Canada <ul><li><a href="/wiki/MR-90" title="MR-90">MR-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_series_(Toronto_subway)" title="T series (Toronto subway)">T series</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rocket" title="Toronto Rocket">Toronto Rocket</a></li></ul></li> <li>France <ul><li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_B_81500" title="SNCF Class B 81500">SNCF Class B 81500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_B_82500" title="SNCF Class B 82500">SNCF Class B 82500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_Z_23500" title="SNCF Class Z 23500">SNCF Class Z 23500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_Z_50000" title="SNCF Class Z 50000">SNCF Class Z 50000</a></li></ul></li> <li>Singapore <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Movia_C951/C951A" title="Bombardier Movia C951/C951A">C951(A)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Movia_R151" title="Alstom Movia R151">R151</a></li></ul></li> <li>Turkey <ul><li><a href="/wiki/H_series_(Toronto_subway)" title="H series (Toronto subway)">H series</a></li></ul></li> <li>United Kingdom <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Aventra" title="Alstom Aventra">Aventra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Electrostar" title="Bombardier Electrostar">Electrostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Turbostar" title="Bombardier Turbostar">Turbostar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Voyager" title="Bombardier Voyager">Voyager</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Underground_2009_Stock" title="London Underground 2009 Stock">London Underground 2009 Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Underground_S7_and_S8_Stock" title="London Underground S7 and S8 Stock">S7/S8 Stock</a></li></ul></li> <li>USA <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_Area_Rapid_Transit_rolling_stock#Fleet_of_the_Future_(D_and_E_series)" title="Bay Area Rapid Transit rolling stock">BART D & E</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/M7_(railcar)" title="M7 (railcar)">M7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R62A_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R62A (New York City Subway car)">R62A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R142_(New_York_City_Subway_car)" title="R142 (New York City Subway car)">R142</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Trams / LRVs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Cobra" title="Bombardier Cobra">Cobra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flexity" title="Flexity">Flexity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Incentro" title="Bombardier Incentro">Incentro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TEG-15" title="TEG-15">TEG-15</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadler_Variobahn" title="Stadler Variobahn">Variotram</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locomotives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_ALP-45DP" title="Bombardier ALP-45DP">ALP-45DP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_ALP-46" title="Bombardier ALP-46">ALP-46</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FS_Class_E.464" title="FS Class E.464">FS Class E.464</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier%E2%80%93Alstom_HHP-8" title="Bombardier–Alstom HHP-8">HHP-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_HR-616" title="Bombardier HR-616">HR-616</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iore" title="Iore">Iore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Traxx" title="Alstom Traxx">TRAXX</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Passenger<br />carriages</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_BiLevel_Coach" title="Bombardier BiLevel Coach">BiLevel Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Double-deck_Coach" title="Bombardier Double-deck Coach">Double-deck Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_MultiLevel_Coach" title="Bombardier MultiLevel Coach">MultiLevel Coach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comet_(railcar)" title="Comet (railcar)">Comet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horizon_(railcar)" title="Horizon (railcar)">Horizon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shoreliner" title="Shoreliner">Shoreliner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superliner_(railcar)" title="Superliner (railcar)">Superliner</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">High-speed trains</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acela_Express_(trainset)" title="Acela Express (trainset)">Acela</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JetTrain" title="JetTrain">JetTrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LRC_(train)" title="LRC (train)">LRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Zefiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Zefiro">Zefiro</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-rail products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Bombi" title="Bombardier Bombi">Bombi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Can-Am_motorcycles" title="Can-Am motorcycles">Can-Am motorcycles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evinrude_Outboard_Motors" title="Evinrude Outboard Motors">Evinrude Outboard Motors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea-Doo_XP" title="Sea-Doo XP">Sea-Doo XP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sea-Doo_GTX" title="Sea-Doo GTX">Sea-Doo GTX</a></li> <li><i>see also</i> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Bombardier_recreational_and_snow_vehicles" title="List of Bombardier recreational and snow vehicles">List of Bombardier recreational and snow vehicles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/5000-series_(CTA)" title="5000-series (CTA)">5000-series (CTA)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Movia" title="Alstom Movia">Alstom Movia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Autorail_%C3%A0_grande_capacit%C3%A9" title="Autorail à grande capacité">Autorail à grande capacité</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom_Aventra" title="Alstom Aventra">Alstom Aventra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SL_C20" title="SL C20">SL C20</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Innovia_Metro" title="Innovia Metro">Bombardier Innovia Metro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Itino" title="Bombardier Itino">Bombardier Itino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Talent" title="Bombardier Talent">Bombardier Talent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Talent_2" title="Bombardier Talent 2">Bombardier Talent 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CAF_Talent_3" title="CAF Talent 3">Bombardier Talent 3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Zefiro" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Zefiro">Bombardier Zefiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_170" title="British Rail Class 170">British Rail Class 170</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_171" title="British Rail Class 171">British Rail Class 171</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_172" title="British Rail Class 172">British Rail Class 172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_220" title="British Rail Class 220">British Rail Class 220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_221" title="British Rail Class 221">British Rail Class 221</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_222" title="British Rail Class 222">British Rail Class 222</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_345" title="British Rail Class 345">British Rail Class 345</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_375" title="British Rail Class 375">British Rail Class 375</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_376" title="British Rail Class 376">British Rail Class 376</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_377" title="British Rail Class 377">British Rail Class 377</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_378" title="British Rail Class 378">British Rail Class 378</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_379" title="British Rail Class 379">British Rail Class 379</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_387" title="British Rail Class 387">British Rail Class 387</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_375" title="British Rail Class 375">British Rail Class 375</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_710" title="British Rail Class 710">British Rail Class 710</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Rail_Class_720" title="British Rail Class 720">British Rail Class 720</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frecciarossa_1000" title="Frecciarossa 1000">Frecciarossa 1000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FS_Class_ETR_500" title="FS Class ETR 500">FS Class ETR 500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DSB_Class_MF" title="DSB Class MF">IC3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JetTrain" title="JetTrain">JetTrain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Underground_2009_Stock" title="London Underground 2009 Stock">London Underground 2009 Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/London_Underground_S7_and_S8_Stock" title="London Underground S7 and S8 Stock">London Underground S7 and S8 Stock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MPM-10" title="MPM-10">MPM-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MR-73" title="MR-73">MR-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MR-90" title="MR-90">MR-90</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Generation_Rollingstock" title="New Generation Rollingstock">New Generation Rollingstock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norske_Tog_Class_93" title="Norske Tog Class 93">NSB Class 93</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Regina" title="Bombardier Regina">Regina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_RegioSwinger" title="Bombardier RegioSwinger">RegioSwinger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_B_81500" title="SNCF Class B 81500">SNCF Class B 81500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_B_82500" title="SNCF Class B 82500">SNCF Class B 82500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_Z_23500" title="SNCF Class Z 23500">SNCF Class Z 23500</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SNCF_Class_Z_50000" title="SNCF Class Z 50000">SNCF Class Z 50000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T_series_(Toronto_subway)" title="T series (Toronto subway)">T series (Toronto subway)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toronto_Rocket" title="Toronto Rocket">Toronto Rocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stadler_Variobahn" title="Stadler Variobahn">Stadler Variobahn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div><b>See also:</b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Bombardier_Transportation_products" title="List of Bombardier Transportation products">List of Bombardier Transportation products</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Bombardier52" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Bombardier" title="Template:Bombardier"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Bombardier" title="Template talk:Bombardier"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Bombardier" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Bombardier"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Bombardier52" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Inc" class="mw-redirect" title="Bombardier Inc">Bombardier</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joseph-Armand_Bombardier" title="Joseph-Armand Bombardier">Joseph-Armand Bombardier</a> (founder)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laurent_Beaudoin" title="Laurent Beaudoin">Laurent Beaudoin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alain_Bellemare" title="Alain Bellemare">Alain Bellemare</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Bombardier-logo-black.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bombardier-logo-black.svg/120px-Bombardier-logo-black.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="70" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bombardier-logo-black.svg/180px-Bombardier-logo-black.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Bombardier-logo-black.svg/240px-Bombardier-logo-black.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="447" data-file-height="262" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Companies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aviation" title="Bombardier Aviation">Bombardier Aviation</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Aerospace_and_Embraer_S.A._government_subsidy_controversy" title="Bombardier Aerospace and Embraer S.A. government subsidy controversy">Bombardier Aerospace and Embraer S.A. government subsidy controversy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadair" title="Canadair">Canadair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Vickers" title="Canadian Vickers">Canadian Vickers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Havilland_Canada" title="De Havilland Canada">De Havilland Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bombardier_Dash_8_operators" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Bombardier Dash 8 operators">List of Bombardier Dash 8 operators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_Brothers" title="Short Brothers">Short Brothers</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bombardier_Recreational_Products" title="Bombardier Recreational Products">Bombardier Recreational Products</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Roski" title="Roski">Roski</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bombardier Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GAC_Ireland" title="GAC Ireland">GAC Ireland</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bombardier_recreational_and_snow_vehicles" title="List of Bombardier recreational and snow vehicles">List of Bombardier recreational and snow vehicles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Bombardier_Transportation_products" title="List of Bombardier Transportation products">List of Bombardier Transportation products</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Railway_signalling222" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Railway_signalling" title="Template:Railway signalling"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Railway_signalling" title="Template talk:Railway signalling"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Railway_signalling" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Railway signalling"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Railway_signalling222" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Railway_signalling" title="Railway signalling">Railway signalling</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signalling_block_system" title="Signalling block system">Block systems</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Absolute_block_signalling" title="Absolute block signalling">Absolute block signalling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_block_signaling" title="Automatic block signaling">Automatic block signaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Centralized_traffic_control" title="Centralized traffic control">Centralized traffic control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Communications-based_train_control" title="Communications-based train control">Communications-based train control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Direct_traffic_control" title="Direct traffic control">Direct traffic control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Train_Control_System" title="European Train Control System">European Train Control System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moving_block" title="Moving block">Moving block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Electronic_Token_Block" title="Radio Electronic Token Block">Radio Electronic Token Block</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Token_(railway_signalling)" title="Token (railway signalling)">Token</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_Warrant_Control" title="Track Warrant Control">Track Warrant Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_order_operation" title="Train order operation">Train order operation</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Signalling_control" title="Signalling control">Signalling control</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Block_post" title="Block post">Block post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Electronic_Control_Centre" title="Integrated Electronic Control Centre">Integrated Electronic Control Centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interlocking" title="Interlocking">Interlocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lever_frame" title="Lever frame">Lever frame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rail_operating_centre" title="Rail operating centre">Rail operating centre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solid_State_Interlocking" title="Solid State Interlocking">Solid State Interlocking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westlock_Interlocking" title="Westlock Interlocking">Westlock Interlocking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Railway_signal" title="Railway signal">Signals</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Application_of_railway_signals" title="Application of railway signals">Application of railway signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cab_signalling" title="Cab signalling">Cab signalling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_railroad_signals" title="North American railroad signals">North American railroad signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_semaphore_signal" title="Railway semaphore signal">Railway semaphore signal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Train detection</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Axle_counter" title="Axle counter">Axle counter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_circuit" title="Track circuit">Track circuit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Track_circuit_interrupter" title="Track circuit interrupter">Track circuit interrupter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treadle_(railway)" title="Treadle (railway)">Treadle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Train_protection_system" title="Train protection system">Train protection</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Advanced_Civil_Speed_Enforcement_System" title="Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System">Advanced Civil Speed Enforcement System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ALSN" title="ALSN">ALSN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anuncio_de_Se%C3%B1ales_y_Frenado_Autom%C3%A1tico" title="Anuncio de Señales y Frenado Automático">ASFA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ATACS" title="ATACS">ATACS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_train_control" title="Automatic train control">Automatic train control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_train_operation" title="Automatic train operation">Automatic train operation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_train_protection" title="Automatic train protection">Automatic train protection</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Train_Protection_(United_Kingdom)" title="Automatic Train Protection (United Kingdom)">Automatic Train Protection (United Kingdom)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_train_stop" title="Automatic train stop">Automatic train stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatic_Warning_System" title="Automatic Warning System">Automatic Warning System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Automatische_treinbe%C3%AFnvloeding" title="Automatische treinbeïnvloeding">Automatische treinbeïnvloeding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Balise" title="Balise">Balise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catch_points" title="Catch points">Catch points</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_Train_Control_System" title="Chinese Train Control System">Chinese Train Control System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cityflo_650_CBTC" title="Cityflo 650 CBTC">Cityflo 650 CBTC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Continuous_Automatic_Warning_System" title="Continuous Automatic Warning System">Continuous Automatic Warning System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contr%C3%B4le_de_vitesse_par_balises" title="Contrôle de vitesse par balises">Contrôle de vitesse par balises</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/EBICAB" title="EBICAB">EBICAB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intermittent_inductive_automatic_train_stop" title="Intermittent inductive automatic train stop">IIATS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Integra-Signum" title="Integra-Signum">Integra-Signum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Interoperable_Communications_Based_Signaling" title="Interoperable Communications Based Signaling">Interoperable Communications Based Signaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crocodile_(train_protection_system)" title="Crocodile (train protection system)">Crocodile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_Train_Control_System" title="Korean Train Control System">Korean Train Control System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linienzugbeeinflussung" title="Linienzugbeeinflussung">Linienzugbeeinflussung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positive_train_control" title="Positive train control">Positive Train Control</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pulse_code_cab_signaling" title="Pulse code cab signaling">Pulse code cab signaling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punktf%C3%B6rmige_Zugbeeinflussung" title="Punktförmige Zugbeeinflussung">Punktförmige Zugbeeinflussung</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/RS4_Codici" title="RS4 Codici">RS4 Codici</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SelTrac" title="SelTrac">SelTrac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Controllo_Marcia_Treno" title="Sistema Controllo Marcia Treno">Sistema Controllo Marcia Treno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_d%27aide_%C3%A0_la_conduite,_%C3%A0_l%27exploitation_et_%C3%A0_la_maintenance" class="mw-redirect" title="Système d'aide à la conduite, à l'exploitation et à la maintenance">SACEM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_slide_fence" title="Railway slide fence">Slide fence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_automatic_stopping_controller" title="Train automatic stopping controller">Train automatic stopping controller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_Protection_%26_Warning_System" title="Train Protection & Warning System">Train Protection & Warning System</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Train_stop" title="Train stop">Train stop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trainguard_MT" title="Trainguard MT">Trainguard MT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_balise-locomotive" title="Transmission balise-locomotive">Transmission balise-locomotive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transmission_voie-machine" title="Transmission voie-machine">Transmission voie-machine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Crossing signals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Level_crossing_signals" title="Level crossing signals">Level crossing signals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossbuck" title="Crossbuck">Crossbuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wigwag_(railroad)" title="Wigwag (railroad)">Wigwag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E-signal" title="E-signal">E-signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wayside_horn" title="Wayside horn">Wayside horn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Manufacturers</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adtranz" title="Adtranz">Adtranz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%BDD_Praha" title="AŽD Praha">AŽD Praha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Signal_Company" title="Federal Signal Company">Federal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Electric" title="General Electric">General Electric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Railway_Signal" title="General Railway Signal">GRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griswold_Signal_Company" title="Griswold Signal Company">Griswold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hall_Signal_Company" title="Hall Signal Company">Hall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hitachi_Rail_STS" title="Hitachi Rail STS">Hitachi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyundai_Rotem" title="Hyundai Rotem">Hyundai Rotem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnetic_Signal_Company" title="Magnetic Signal Company">Magnetic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Rail" title="Progress Rail">Progress Rail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safetran" title="Safetran">Safetran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Saxby" title="John Saxby">Saxby</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemens_Mobility" title="Siemens Mobility">Siemens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smith_and_Yardley" title="Smith and Yardley">Smith and Yardley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thales_Rail_Signalling_Solutions" title="Thales Rail Signalling Solutions">Thales</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Union_Switch_%26_Signal" title="Union Switch & Signal">Union Switch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Brake_and_Signal_Company" title="Westinghouse Brake and Signal Company">Westinghouse Brake & Signal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Rail_Systems" title="Westinghouse Rail Systems">Westinghouse Rail Systems</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organisations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Association_of_American_Railroads" title="Association of American Railroads">AAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Railway_Engineering_and_Maintenance-of-Way_Association" title="American Railway Engineering and Maintenance-of-Way Association">AREMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/European_Union_Agency_for_Railways" title="European Union Agency for Railways">ERA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Railroad_Administration" title="Federal Railroad Administration">FRA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/His_Majesty%27s_Railway_Inspectorate" title="His Majesty's Railway Inspectorate">HMRI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institution_of_Railway_Signal_Engineers" title="Institution of Railway Signal Engineers">IRSE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_Canada" title="Transport Canada">Transport Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Union_of_Railways" title="International Union of Railways">UIC</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By country</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Australian_railway_signalling" title="Australian railway signalling">Australia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bavarian_railway_signals" title="Bavarian railway signals">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belgian_railway_signalling" title="Belgian railway signalling">Belgium</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Rail_Operating_Rules" title="Canadian Rail Operating Rules">Canada</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_railway_signalling" title="Chinese railway signalling">China</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_railway_signalling" title="Finnish railway signalling">Finland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_railway_signalling" title="French railway signalling">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_signals_in_Germany" title="Railway signals in Germany">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Greek_railway_signalling" title="Greek railway signalling">Greece</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_railway_signalling" title="Italian railway signalling">Italy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_railway_signals" title="Japanese railway signals">Japan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_railway_signalling" title="Dutch railway signalling">Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railway_signalling_in_New_Zealand" title="Railway signalling in New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North_American_railroad_signaling" title="North American railroad signaling">North America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norwegian_railway_signaling" title="Norwegian railway signaling">Norway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Polish_railway_signalling" title="Polish railway signalling">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swedish_railway_signalling" title="Swedish railway signalling">Sweden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_railway_signalling" title="Swiss railway signalling">Switzerland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thai_railway_signalling" title="Thai railway signalling">Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UK_railway_signalling" title="UK railway signalling">United Kingdom</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="North_American_locomotive_builders93" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:NA_Loco_builders" title="Template:NA Loco builders"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:NA_Loco_builders" title="Template talk:NA Loco builders"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:NA_Loco_builders" title="Special:EditPage/Template:NA Loco builders"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="North_American_locomotive_builders93" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">North American <a href="/wiki/Locomotive" title="Locomotive">locomotive</a> builders</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alstom" title="Alstom">Alstom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Altoona_Works" title="Altoona Works">Altoona Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brookville_Equipment" title="Brookville Equipment">Brookville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Railway_Equipment_Company" class="mw-redirect" title="National Railway Equipment Company">NREC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progress_Rail" title="Progress Rail">Progress Rail</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Electro-Motive_Diesel" title="Electro-Motive Diesel">EMD</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Railpower_Technologies" title="Railpower Technologies">Railpower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siemens_Mobility" title="Siemens Mobility">Siemens</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wabtec" title="Wabtec">Wabtec</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/GE_Transportation" title="GE Transportation">GE Transportation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MotivePower" title="MotivePower">MotivePower</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Defunct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_Locomotive_Company" title="American Locomotive Company">ALCO</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alco-GE" title="Alco-GE">Alco-GE</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atlas_Car_and_Manufacturing_Company" title="Atlas Car and Manufacturing Company">Atlas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baldwin_Locomotive_Works" title="Baldwin Locomotive Works">Baldwin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Bombardier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Locomotive_Works" title="Brooks Locomotive Works">Brooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canadian_Locomotive_Company" title="Canadian Locomotive Company">CLC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax_Locomotive_Works" title="Climax Locomotive Works">Climax</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cooke_Locomotive_and_Machine_Works" title="Cooke Locomotive and Machine Works">Cooke</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Davenport_Locomotive_Works" title="Davenport Locomotive Works">Davenport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dickson_Manufacturing_Company" title="Dickson Manufacturing Company">Dickson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairbanks-Morse" title="Fairbanks-Morse">Fairbanks-Morse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Motors_Diesel" title="General Motors Diesel">GMD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Globe_Locomotive_Works" title="Globe Locomotive Works">Globe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grant_Locomotive_Works" title="Grant Locomotive Works">Grant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinkley_Locomotive_Works" title="Hinkley Locomotive Works">Hinkley</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jewett_Car_Company" title="Jewett Car Company">Jewett</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lima_Locomotive_Works" title="Lima Locomotive Works">Lima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manchester_Locomotive_Works" title="Manchester Locomotive Works">Manchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mason_Machine_Works" title="Mason Machine Works">Mason</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Milwaukee_Locomotive_Manufacturing_Company" title="Milwaukee Locomotive Manufacturing Company">Milwaukee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Montreal_Locomotive_Works" title="Montreal Locomotive Works">Montreal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Clare_Shops" title="Mount Clare Shops">Mount Clare Shops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mount_Savage_Locomotive_Works" title="Mount Savage Locomotive Works">Mount Savage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norris_Locomotive_Works" title="Norris Locomotive Works">Norris</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pittsburgh_Locomotive_and_Car_Works" title="Pittsburgh Locomotive and Car Works">Pittsburgh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H.K._Porter,_Inc." title="H.K. Porter, Inc.">Porter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portland_Company" title="Portland Company">Portland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhode_Island_Locomotive_Works" title="Rhode Island Locomotive Works">Rhode Island</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roanoke_Shops" title="Roanoke Shops">Roanoke Shops</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richmond_Locomotive_Works" title="Richmond Locomotive Works">Richmond</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogers_Locomotive_and_Machine_Works" title="Rogers Locomotive and Machine Works">Rogers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schenectady_Locomotive_Works" title="Schenectady Locomotive Works">Schenectady</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St._Louis_Car_Company" title="St. Louis Car Company">St. Louis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taunton_Locomotive_Manufacturing_Company" title="Taunton Locomotive Manufacturing Company">Taunton</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tredegar_Iron_Works" title="Tredegar Iron Works">Tredegar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vulcan_Iron_Works_(Wilkes-Barre)" title="Vulcan Iron Works (Wilkes-Barre)">Vulcan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Westinghouse_Electric_Corporation" title="Westinghouse Electric Corporation">Westinghouse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geo_D._Whitcomb_Company" title="Geo D. Whitcomb Company">Whitcomb</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willamette_Iron_and_Steel_Works" title="Willamette Iron and Steel Works">Willamette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_locomotive_builders" title="List of locomotive builders">List of locomotive builders</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q688893#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata482" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q688893#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata482" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q688893#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">International</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/245431284">VIAF</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4786639-1">Germany</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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