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Pontianak – Wikipedia, wolna encyklopedia

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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Początek</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Miasta_partnerskie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Miasta_partnerskie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Miasta partnerskie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Miasta_partnerskie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Przypisy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Przypisy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Przypisy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Przypisy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Linki_zewnętrzne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Linki_zewnętrzne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Linki zewnętrzne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Linki_zewnętrzne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Spis treści" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Przełącz stan spisu treści" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Przełącz stan spisu treści</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Pontianak</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Przejdź do artykułu w innym języku. Treść dostępna w 60 językach" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-60" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">60 języków</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%83_(%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7)" title="بونتياناك (إندونسيا) – arabski" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="بونتياناك (إندونسيا)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – asturyjski" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="پونتیاناک – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="پونتیاناک" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – balijski" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="balijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuta_Pontianak" title="Kuta Pontianak – banjar" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Kuta Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="banjar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak_Chh%C4%AB" title="Pontianak Chhī – minnański" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Pontianak Chhī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="minnański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Понтианак – bułgarski" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Понтианак" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bułgarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – kataloński" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="kataloński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak_(kapital_sa_lalawigan_sa_Indonesya)" title="Pontianak (kapital sa lalawigan sa Indonesya) – cebuański" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Pontianak (kapital sa lalawigan sa Indonesya)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="cebuański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – czeski" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="czeski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – niemiecki" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="niemiecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – angielski" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="angielski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – hiszpański" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="hiszpański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – baskijski" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="baskijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="پونتیاناک – perski" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پونتیاناک" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="perski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – francuski" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francuski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%8F%B0%ED%8B%B0%EC%95%84%EB%82%99" title="폰티아낙 – koreański" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="폰티아낙" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreański" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gor mw-list-item"><a href="https://gor.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – gorontalo" lang="gor" hreflang="gor" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Hulontalo" data-language-local-name="gorontalo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Hulontalo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – indonezyjski" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonezyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – włoski" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="włoski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%95%D7%A0%D7%98%D7%99%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%A7" title="פונטיאנאק – hebrajski" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פונטיאנאק" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebrajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kutha_Pontianak" title="Kutha Pontianak – jawajski" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Kutha Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="jawajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianakas" title="Pontianakas – litewski" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Pontianakas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litewski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – węgierski" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="węgierski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – malgaski" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malgaski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D" title="പോണ്ടിയാനാക് – malajalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="പോണ്ടിയാനാക്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="malajalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%95" title="पोंतियानाक – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="पोंतियानाक" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak_(kota)" title="Pontianak (kota) – malajski" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pontianak (kota)" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – minangkabu" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="minangkabu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak_(stad)" title="Pontianak (stad) – niderlandzki" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Pontianak (stad)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="niderlandzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9D%E3%83%B3%E3%83%86%E3%82%A3%E3%82%A2%E3%83%8A%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="ポンティアナック – japoński" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ポンティアナック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – norweski (bokmål)" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norweski (bokmål)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%DA%A9" title="پونٹیاناک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="پونٹیاناک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – portugalski" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugalski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak,_Indonezia" title="Pontianak, Indonezia – rumuński" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Pontianak, Indonezia" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumuński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Понтианак – rosyjski" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Понтианак" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="rosyjski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak,_Indonesie" title="Pontianak, Indonesie – scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Pontianak, Indonesie" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – śląski" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="śląski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – sundajski" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="sundajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – fiński" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="fiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – szwedzki" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="szwedzki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Понтианак – tatarski" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Понтианак" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatarski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81" title="ปนตียานัก – tajski" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ปนตียานัก" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tajski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – turecki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turecki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bug mw-list-item"><a href="https://bug.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – bugijski" lang="bug" hreflang="bug" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Basa Ugi" data-language-local-name="bugijski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Ugi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%BA" title="Понтіанак – ukraiński" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Понтіанак" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukraiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D9%B9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%A9%D8%8C_%D8%A7%D9%86%DA%88%D9%88%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%B4%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="پونٹیانک، انڈونیشیا – urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="پونٹیانک، انڈونیشیا" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – wietnamski" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="wietnamski" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – waraj" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="waraj" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8" title="坤甸 – wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="坤甸" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8" title="坤甸 – kantoński" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="坤甸" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantoński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9D%A4%E7%94%B8" title="坤甸 – chiński" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="坤甸" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chiński" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kota_Pontianak" title="Kota Pontianak – betawi" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Kota Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="betawi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – iban" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="iban" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kge mw-list-item"><a href="https://kge.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Pontianak – Komering" lang="kge" hreflang="kge" data-title="Pontianak" data-language-autonym="Kumoring" data-language-local-name="Komering" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kumoring</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14168#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edytuj linki pomiędzy wersjami językowymi" class="wbc-editpage">Edytuj linki</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Przestrzenie nazw"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pontianak" title="Zobacz stronę treści [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artykuł</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dyskusja:Pontianak&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Dyskusja o zawartości tej strony (strona nie istnieje) [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Dyskusja</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Zmień wariant języka" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">polski</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Widok"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pontianak"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=history" title="Starsze wersje tej strony [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Narzędzia" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Narzędzia</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Narzędzia</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Więcej opcji" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Działania </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pontianak"><span>Czytaj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;veaction=edit" title="Edytuj tę stronę [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Edytuj</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=edit" title="Edycja kodu źródłowego strony [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Edytuj kod źródłowy</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=history"><span>Wyświetl historię</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Ogólne </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Linkuj%C4%85ce/Pontianak" title="Pokaż listę wszystkich stron linkujących do tej strony [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Linkujące</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Zmiany_w_linkowanych/Pontianak" rel="nofollow" title="Ostatnie zmiany w stronach, do których ta strona linkuje [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Zmiany w linkowanych</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:Prześlij_plik" title="Prześlij pliki [u]" accesskey="u"><span>Prześlij plik</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Strony_specjalne" title="Lista wszystkich stron specjalnych [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Strony specjalne</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;oldid=74837553" title="Stały link do tej wersji tej strony"><span>Link do tej wersji</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=info" title="Więcej informacji na temat tej strony"><span>Informacje o tej stronie</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Cytuj&amp;page=Pontianak&amp;id=74837553&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Informacja o tym jak należy cytować tę stronę"><span>Cytowanie tego artykułu</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Skr%C3%B3%C4%87_adres_URL&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPontianak"><span>Zobacz skrócony adres URL</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Kod_QR&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fpl.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPontianak"><span>Pobierz kod QR</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Drukuj lub eksportuj </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:Ksi%C4%85%C5%BCka&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=Pontianak"><span>Utwórz książkę</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Specjalna:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=Pontianak&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>Pobierz jako PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;printable=yes" title="Wersja do wydruku [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Wersja do druku</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> W innych projektach </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pontianak" hreflang="en"><span>Wikimedia Commons</span></a></li><li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikivoyage mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pontianak" hreflang="pl"><span>Wikipodróże</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q14168" title="Link do powiązanego elementu w repozytorium danych [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Element Wikidanych</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Narzędzia dla stron"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Wygląd"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Wygląd</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">przypnij</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">ukryj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates" class="coordinates plainlinks">Na mapach: <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ziemia" title="Ziemia"><img alt="Ziemia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/20px-Geographylogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/30px-Geographylogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/40px-Geographylogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span><a class="external text" 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class="metadata plainlinks mbox mbox-content" tabindex="0"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r75298054">.mw-parser-output .mbox{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);border-left:10px solid var(--color-progressive,#36c);background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;margin:0 10%0.5em 10%;display:grid;padding:.3em;gap:.3em;grid-template-columns:60px 1fr;align-items:center;word-break:break-word}.mw-parser-output .mbox.with-iconright{grid-template-columns:60px 1fr min-content}.mw-parser-output .mbox.without-icon{grid-template-columns:1fr}.mw-parser-output .mbox-iconright,.mw-parser-output .mbox-icon{justify-self:center}.mw-parser-output .mbox-icon img{max-width:100%;object-fit:contain}.mw-parser-output .mbox p{font-size:inherit}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mbox{margin-left:0;margin-right:0}}@media(max-width:600px){.mw-parser-output .mbox{width:100%}}@media(max-width:450px){.mw-parser-output .mbox-iconright{grid-row:2;grid-column:1/span 2;justify-self:end}.mw-parser-output .mbox.with-iconright{grid-template-columns:40px 1fr}.mw-parser-output .mbox{grid-template-columns:40px 1fr;font-size:0.85rem}}.mw-parser-output .mbox+.mbox{margin-top:calc(-0.5em - 1px)}.mw-parser-output .mbox.mbox-serious{border-left-color:#d33}.mw-parser-output .mbox.mbox-content{border-left-color:#f28500}.mw-parser-output .mbox.mbox-notice{border-left-color:var(--color-progressive,#36c)}.mw-parser-output .mbox.mbox-merge{border-left-color:#9932cc}body.ns-6 .mw-parser-output .mbox{width:unset;max-width:unset}</style> <div class="mbox-icon"> <div><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Weryfikowalno%C5%9B%C4%87" title="Wikipedia:Weryfikowalność"><img alt="Wikipedia:Weryfikowalność" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/64/Question_book-4.svg/50px-Question_book-4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" 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Jako pozbawione źródeł mogą zostać zakwestionowane i usunięte.</small><br /><small><i>Sprawdź w źródłach:</i> <span class="plainlinks"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://encyklopedia.pwn.pl/szukaj/Pontianak.html">Encyklopedia PWN</a>&#160;&#8226; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?as_brr=0&amp;as_pub=-icon&amp;q=%22Pontianak%22">Google Books</a>&#160;&#8226;&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://scholar.google.com/scholar?q=%22Pontianak%22">Google Scholar</a>&#160;&#8226;&#160;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fbc.pionier.net.pl/search#fq={!tag=dcterms_accessRights}dcterms_accessRights%3A%22Dost%C4%99p%20otwarty%22&amp;q=%22Pontianak%22">Federacja Bibliotek Cyfrowych</a>&#160;&#8226; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bazhum.muzhp.pl/artykul/lista/?generalQuery=%22Pontianak%22">BazHum</a>&#160;&#8226; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://yadda.icm.edu.pl/baztech/search/page.action?qt=SEARCH&amp;q=c_0language_0eq.all*sc.article*c_0keywords_0eq.Pontianak*l_0*c_0fulltext_0eq.all">BazTech</a>&#160;&#8226; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://rcin.org.pl/dlibra/results?q=%22Pontianak%22&amp;action=SimpleSearchAction&amp;type=-6&amp;p=0">RCIN</a>&#160;&#8226; Internet Archive (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/texts?query=%22Pontianak%22">texts</a> / <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/inlibrary?query=%22Pontianak%22">inlibrary</a>)</span></small><br /><span style="color: var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size:80%"> Po wyeliminowaniu niedoskonałości należy usunąć szablon <a href="/wiki/Szablon:Dopracowa%C4%87" title="Szablon:Dopracować">{{Dopracować}}</a> z tego artykułu.</span></div></div> </div> <table class="infobox"> <caption class="naglowek"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r65781301">.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex{display:flex;justify-content:flex-start;align-items:center;gap:4px}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-ikona{flex-grow:0;flex-shrink:0;font-size:7px;max-width:40px;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption>.iboxt-flex>.iboxt-tekst{flex-grow:1}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-1{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-2{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output .infobox>caption .iboxt-3{font-style:italic;font-size:90%}</style><div class="iboxt-1">Pontianak</div> </caption> <tbody><tr class="grafika iboxs"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table class="ibox2"> <tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-no-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Seal_of_Pontianak.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Herb" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Seal_of_Pontianak.svg/100px-Seal_of_Pontianak.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Seal_of_Pontianak.svg/150px-Seal_of_Pontianak.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Seal_of_Pontianak.svg/200px-Seal_of_Pontianak.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="474" data-file-height="428" /></a></span> </td> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;"><span class="mw-no-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Flaga" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png/100px-Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="67" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png/150px-Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png/200px-Flag_of_Pontianak_City.png 2x" data-file-width="2560" data-file-height="1707" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;">Herb </td> <td style="text-align: center; vertical-align:middle;">Flaga </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background:#e5e5e5; color:black; text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid #aaa;"><a href="/wiki/Dewiza" title="Dewiza">Dewiza</a>: Pontianak Kota Bersinar </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Pa%C5%84stwo" title="Państwo">Państwo</a> </th> <td> <p><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span>&#160;</span><a href="/wiki/Indonezja" title="Indonezja">Indonezja</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Prowincje_Indonezji" title="Prowincje Indonezji">Prowincja</a> </th> <td> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Plik:Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/20px-Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/30px-Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5d/Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg/40px-Coat_of_arms_of_West_Kalimantan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="335" data-file-height="454" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Borneo_Zachodnie" title="Borneo Zachodnie">Borneo Zachodnie</a> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Data założenia </th> <td> <p>23 października 1771 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Burmistrz" title="Burmistrz">Burmistrz</a> </th> <td> <p>H. Sutarmidji, M.Hum. </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Powierzchnia </th> <td> <p>107,82 km² </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Populacja&#160;<small>(2010)</small><br />•&#160;liczba&#160;ludności<br />•&#160;gęstość </th> <td> <p><br />550 304<br />5104 os./km² </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Nr kierunkowy </th> <td> <p>0561 </p> </td></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Tablica_rejestracyjna" title="Tablica rejestracyjna">Tablice rejestracyjne</a> </th> <td> <p>KB </p> </td></tr> <tr class="infobox-locationmap" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:black; text-align:center; border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);"> <td colspan="2"><div style="text-align:center;margin:0 auto;width:242px"><div style="color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d);;font-weight:bold">Położenie na mapie Indonezji</div><div class="mapa-lokalizacyjna"><div style="width:238px;padding:0;border:0 solid #aaa;position:relative"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Mapa lokalizacyjna Indonezji"><img alt="Mapa konturowa Indonezji, blisko centrum na lewo u góry znajduje się punkt z opisem „Pontianak”" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/238px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="238" height="91" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/357px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Indonesia_location_map.svg/476px-Indonesia_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="460" /></span></span><div aria-hidden="true" style="top:36.111111111111%;left:31.560283687943%;margin:0;position:absolute;height:0;padding:0;z-index:2;width:0"><div style="top:-3px;text-align:center;position:relative;line-height:6px;font-size:6px;left:-3px;width:6px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=pl&amp;params=0_N_109.33333333333_E_type:city_" title="Pontianak"><img alt="Pontianak" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></a></span></div><div style="line-height:15.12px;position:absolute;width:120px;z-index:90;font-size:12.6px;top:-0.5em;float:left;left:5px;text-align:left"><span style="text-shadow:0 0 5px white;;padding:1px">Pontianak</span></div></div></div></div></div> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="background-color:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:black; text-align:center; border-bottom:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);"><span class="coordinates inline inline-and-top plainlinks"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ziemia" title="Ziemia"><img alt="Ziemia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/20px-Geographylogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/30px-Geographylogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e9/Geographylogo.svg/40px-Geographylogo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=pl&amp;pagename=Pontianak&amp;params=0_N_109.33333333333_E_type:city"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, zdjęcia satelitarne i inne informacje dotyczące miejsca o współrzędnych geograficznych 0°00′N 109°20′E"><span class="latitude">0°00′N</span>&#160;<span class="longitude">109°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">/</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, zdjęcia satelitarne i inne informacje dotyczące miejsca o współrzędnych geograficznych 0,000000 109,333333"><span class="latitude">0,000000</span>&#160;<span class="longitude">109,333333</span></span></span></a></span> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pontianak" title="Commons"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/21px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/31px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/42px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Pontianak" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Pontianak">Multimedia w Wikimedia Commons</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr class="noprint plainlinks" style="border-top:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1); text-align:center;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0;"> <table cellpadding="4" cellspacing="0" style="width:100%; margin:0px; background:var(--background-color-base, #fff); color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td style="vertical-align:middle; width:30px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://pl.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pontianak" title="Wikipodróże"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/28px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/42px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/56px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle;"><a href="https://pl.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Pontianak" class="extiw" title="voy:Pontianak">Informacje w Wikipodróżach</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="naglowek" style="text-align:center; border-top: 1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pontianakkota.go.id/">Strona internetowa</a> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p><b>Pontianak</b> – <a href="/wiki/Kota_(okr%C4%99g_miejski)" title="Kota (okręg miejski)">miasto</a> w <a href="/wiki/Indonezja" title="Indonezja">Indonezji</a> na wyspie <a href="/wiki/Borneo" title="Borneo">Borneo</a>, w <a href="/wiki/Delta_rzeki" title="Delta rzeki">delcie</a> rzeki <a href="/wiki/Kapuas" title="Kapuas">Kapuas</a>; ośrodek administracyjny <a href="/wiki/Prowincje_Indonezji" title="Prowincje Indonezji">prowincji</a> <a href="/wiki/Borneo_Zachodnie" title="Borneo Zachodnie">Borneo Zachodnie</a>; współrzędne geograficzne <span class="coordinates inline plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="//tools.wmflabs.org/geohack/geohack.php?language=pl&amp;pagename=Pontianak&amp;params=0_N_109.33333333333_E"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, zdjęcia satelitarne i inne informacje dotyczące miejsca o współrzędnych geograficznych 0°00′N 109°20′E"><span class="latitude">0°00′N</span>&#160;<span class="longitude">109°20′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct">/</span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Mapy, zdjęcia satelitarne i inne informacje dotyczące miejsca o współrzędnych geograficznych 0,000000 109,333333"><span class="latitude">0,000000</span>&#160;<span class="longitude">109,333333</span></span></span></a></span>; 550 tys. mieszkańców<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a></sup>. </p><p>Najważniejszy port i centrum handlowe zachodniego Borneo, wywóz <a href="/wiki/Kopra" title="Kopra">kopry</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guma" title="Guma">gumy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Drewno_(technika)" title="Drewno (technika)">drewna</a>, <a href="/wiki/Olej_palmowy" title="Olej palmowy">oleju palmowego</a>; przemysł spożywczy, gumowy, drzewny; <a href="/wiki/Port_lotniczy_Pontianak-Supadio" title="Port lotniczy Pontianak-Supadio">port lotniczy Pontianak-Supadio</a>; <a href="/wiki/Uniwersytet" title="Uniwersytet">uniwersytet</a> (<i><a href="/wiki/Universitas_Tanjungpura" title="Universitas Tanjungpura">Universitas Tanjungpura</a></i>, zał. 1959). </p><p>Miasto zostało założone w 1771 i było stolicą <a href="/w/index.php?title=Su%C5%82tanat_Pontianak&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sułtanat Pontianak (strona nie istnieje)">Sułtanatu Pontianak</a><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a></sup>. </p><p>Siedziba rzymskokatolickiej <a href="/wiki/Archidiecezja_Pontianak" title="Archidiecezja Pontianak">archidiecezji Pontianak</a>. </p><p>W mieście oraz jego okolicy część ludności posługuje się <a href="/wiki/J%C4%99zyk_malajski_miasta_Pontianak" title="Język malajski miasta Pontianak">językiem malajskim miasta Pontianak</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Miasta_partnerskie">Miasta partnerskie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edytuj sekcję: Miasta partnerskie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Miasta partnerskie"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Malezja" title="Malezja"><img alt="Malezja" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/22px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/33px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Flag_of_Malaysia.svg/44px-Flag_of_Malaysia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kuching" title="Kuching">Kuching</a>, <a href="/wiki/Malezja" title="Malezja">Malezja</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Filipiny" title="Filipiny"><img alt="Filipiny" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Philippines.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Batangas" title="Batangas">Batangas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Filipiny" title="Filipiny">Filipiny</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Przypisy">Przypisy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edytuj sekcję: Przypisy" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Przypisy"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="do-not-make-smaller refsection"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.un.org/Data.aspx?d=POP&amp;f=tableCode:240"><i>City population by sex, city and city type</i></a> [online], data.un.org<span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-02-23]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft.gengre=book&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.btitle=City+population+by+sex%2C+city+and+city+type&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdata.un.org%2FData.aspx%3Fd%3DPOP%26f%3DtableCode%3A240" style="display:none">&#160;</span>.</cite></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation open-access"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Pontianak"><i>Pontianak &#x7c; Indonesia</i></a>, [w:] <i><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i><span class="accessdate"> [dostęp 2023-02-23]</span><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft.gengre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Pontianak+%7C+Indonesia&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.btitle=%27%27%5B%5BEncyklopedia+Britannica%7CEncyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica%5D%5D%27%27&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FPontianak" style="display:none">&#160;</span> <span class="lang-list">(<abbr title="Treść w języku angielskim (English)">ang.</abbr>)</span>.</cite></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Linki_zewnętrzne"><span id="Linki_zewn.C4.99trzne"></span>Linki zewnętrzne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edytuj sekcję: Linki zewnętrzne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>edytuj</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edytuj kod źródłowy sekcji: Linki zewnętrzne"><span>edytuj kod</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pontianakkota.go.id/">Strona internetowa miasta</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://maps.google.com/maps?ll=-0.025063,109.346237&amp;spn=0.157860,0.234180&amp;t=k&amp;hl=en">Zdjęcie satelitarne z Google Maps</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74016753">.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div+div{margin-top:0.5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten>div>div{background:var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0);padding:.2em .5em}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output #normdaten ul li:first-child{padding-left:.5em;border-left:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)}</style> <div id="normdaten" class="catlinks"><div class="normdaten-typ-g"><div><a href="/wiki/Kontrola_autorytatywna" title="Kontrola autorytatywna">Kontrola autorytatywna</a>&#160;(<span class="description">miasto w Indonezji</span>):</div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Virtual_International_Authority_File" title="Virtual International Authority File">VIAF</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://viaf.org/viaf/159437931">159437931</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress_Control_Number" title="Library of Congress Control Number">LCCN</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/n79121673">n79121673</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://d-nb.info/gnd/4361434-6">4361434-6</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_Universitaire_de_Documentation" title="Système Universitaire de Documentation">SUDOC</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.idref.fr/234363592">234363592</a></span></li><li><a href="/wiki/Biblioteka_Narodowa_Izraela" title="Biblioteka Narodowa Izraela">J9U</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&amp;local_base=NLX10&amp;find_code=UID&amp;request=987007552614405171">987007552614405171</a></span></li></ul></div><div class="normdaten-andere"><div><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_internetowa" title="Encyklopedia internetowa">Encyklopedie internetowe</a>:</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Encyklopedia_Britannica" title="Encyklopedia Britannica">Britannica</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Pontianak">place/Pontianak</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P3219" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P3219">Universalis</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.universalis.fr/encyclopedie/pontianak/">pontianak</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wielka_Encyklopedia_Rosyjska" title="Wielka Encyklopedia Rosyjska">БРЭ</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/5465720">5465720</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Store_norske_leksikon" title="Store norske leksikon">SNL</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=4342&amp;url_prefix=https://snl.no/&amp;id=Pontianak">Pontianak</a></span></li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Property:P1296" class="extiw" title="d:Property:P1296">Catalana</a>:&#8201;<span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.enciclopedia.cat/ec-gec-0052074.xml">0052074</a></span></li></ul> </div></div></div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Źródło: „<a dir="ltr" href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;oldid=74837553">https://pl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Pontianak&amp;oldid=74837553</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Specjalna:Kategorie" title="Specjalna:Kategorie">Kategorie</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Pontianak" title="Kategoria:Pontianak">Pontianak</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Miasta_w_prowincji_Borneo_Zachodnie" title="Kategoria:Miasta w prowincji Borneo Zachodnie">Miasta w prowincji Borneo Zachodnie</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Ukryta kategoria: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategoria:Artyku%C5%82y_wymagaj%C4%85ce_uzupe%C5%82nienia_%C5%BAr%C3%B3de%C5%82_od_2014-04" title="Kategoria:Artykuły wymagające uzupełnienia źródeł od 2014-04">Artykuły wymagające uzupełnienia źródeł od 2014-04</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> Tę stronę ostatnio edytowano 26 wrz 2024, 17:30.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Tekst udostępniany na licencji <a 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