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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Foil (narrative)</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Redirected from <a href="/w/index.php?title=Foil_(literature)&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Foil (literature)">Foil (literature)</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Character who contrasts with another character of a narrative work</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quixo-panza.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Quixo-panza.jpg/220px-Quixo-panza.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="228" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2e/Quixo-panza.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="332" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Don_Quixote" title="Don Quixote">Don Quixote</a> and his sidekick <a href="/wiki/Sancho_Panza" title="Sancho Panza">Sancho Panza</a>, as illustrated by <a href="/wiki/Gustave_Dor%C3%A9" title="Gustave Doré">Gustave Doré</a>: the characters' contrasting qualities<sup id="cite_ref-Corwin1978_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Corwin1978-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are reflected here even in their physical appearances</figcaption></figure> <p>In any <a href="/wiki/Narrative" title="Narrative">narrative</a>, a <b>foil</b> is a character who contrasts with another character, typically, a character who contrasts with the <a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">protagonist</a>, in order to better highlight or differentiate certain qualities of the protagonist.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Auger2010_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Auger2010-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A foil to the protagonist may also be the <a href="/wiki/Antagonist" title="Antagonist">antagonist</a> of the plot.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In some cases, a subplot can be used as a foil to the main plot. This is especially true in the case of <a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">metafiction</a> and the "<a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">story within a story</a>" motif.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A foil usually either differs dramatically or is an extreme comparison that is made to contrast a difference between two things.<sup id="cite_ref-dictionary.com_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dictionary.com-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Thomas_F._Gieryn" title="Thomas F. Gieryn">Thomas F. Gieryn</a> places these uses of literary foils into three categories, which Tamara A. P. Metze explains as: those that emphasize the <i>heightened contrast</i> (this is different because ...), those that operate by <i>exclusion</i> (this is not X because...), and those that assign <i>blame</i> ("due to the slow decision-making procedures of government...").<sup id="cite_ref-Metze2010_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Metze2010-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foil_(narrative)&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The word <i>foil</i> comes from the old practice of backing gems with foil to make them shine more brightly.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shakespeare refers directly to the origin of the term "foil" in <i><a href="/wiki/Henry_IV,_Part_1" title="Henry IV, Part 1">Henry IV, Part 1</a></i>. Prince Hal says that when he starts behaving better, the change will impress people: "And like bright metal on a sullen ground/ My reformation, glittering o'er my fault/ Shall show more goodly and attract more eyes/ Than that which hath no foil to set it off."<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Examples_from_literature">Examples from literature</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foil_(narrative)&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Examples from literature"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Frankenstein,_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_(Revised_Edition,_1831)_006.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Frankenstein%2C_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_%28Revised_Edition%2C_1831%29_006.jpg/170px-Frankenstein%2C_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_%28Revised_Edition%2C_1831%29_006.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="223" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Frankenstein%2C_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_%28Revised_Edition%2C_1831%29_006.jpg/255px-Frankenstein%2C_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_%28Revised_Edition%2C_1831%29_006.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Frankenstein%2C_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_%28Revised_Edition%2C_1831%29_006.jpg/340px-Frankenstein%2C_or_the_Modern_Prometheus_%28Revised_Edition%2C_1831%29_006.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1426" data-file-height="1872" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Victor_Frankenstein" title="Victor Frankenstein">Dr. Frankenstein</a> and <a href="/wiki/Frankenstein%27s_monster" title="Frankenstein's monster">his monster</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Emily_Bront%C3%AB" title="Emily Brontë">Emily Brontë</a>'s 1847 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Wuthering_Heights" title="Wuthering Heights">Wuthering Heights</a></i>, Edgar Linton is described as opposite to main character <a href="/wiki/Heathcliff_(Wuthering_Heights)" title="Heathcliff (Wuthering Heights)">Heathcliff</a>, in looks, money, inheritance and morals, however similar in their love for Catherine. </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/Frankenstein" title="Frankenstein">Frankenstein; or, The Modern Prometheus</a></i>, an 1818 novel by <a href="/wiki/Mary_Shelley" title="Mary Shelley">Mary Shelley</a>, the two main characters—<a href="/wiki/Victor_Frankenstein" title="Victor Frankenstein">Dr. Frankenstein</a> and his "creature"—are literary foils to each other, functioning to compare one to the other. </p><p>In <i><a href="/wiki/David_Copperfield" title="David Copperfield">David Copperfield</a></i>, an 1850 novel by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Dickens" title="Charles Dickens">Charles Dickens</a>, Edward Murdstone's marriage to David's mother Clara, contrasts with David's future marriage to Dora Spenlow, presented with a different outcome if David had endeavored to subdue his wife's caprices, as did Edward Murdstone with Clara's. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Jane_Austen" title="Jane Austen">Jane Austen</a>'s 1813 novel <i><a href="/wiki/Pride_and_Prejudice" title="Pride and Prejudice">Pride and Prejudice</a></i>, Mary's absorption in her studies places her as a foil to her sister <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Bennet" title="Elizabeth Bennet">Elizabeth Bennet</a>'s lively and distracted nature.<sup id="cite_ref-Leverage2011_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Leverage2011-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Similarly, in <a href="/wiki/William_Shakespeare" title="William Shakespeare">William Shakespeare</a>'s tragedy <i><a href="/wiki/Julius_Caesar_(play)" title="Julius Caesar (play)">Julius Caesar</a></i>, the character Brutus has foils in the two characters <a href="/wiki/Gaius_Cassius_Longinus" title="Gaius Cassius Longinus">Cassius</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_Antony" title="Mark Antony">Mark Antony</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Marrapodi2011_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Marrapodi2011-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the play <i><a href="/wiki/Romeo_and_Juliet" title="Romeo and Juliet">Romeo and Juliet</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Romeo" title="Romeo">Romeo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mercutio" title="Mercutio">Mercutio</a> serve as character foils for one another, as well as <a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(character)" title="Macbeth (character)">Macbeth</a> and <a href="/wiki/Banquo" title="Banquo">Banquo</a> in the play <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth" title="Macbeth">Macbeth</a></i>. In the tragedy <i><a href="/wiki/Hamlet" title="Hamlet">Hamlet</a></i>, a foil is created between <a href="/wiki/Laertes_(Hamlet)" title="Laertes (Hamlet)">Laertes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Prince_Hamlet" title="Prince Hamlet">Prince Hamlet</a> to elaborate the differences between the two men.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Act V Scene 2, Prince Hamlet tells Laertes that he will <a href="/wiki/Fencing" title="Fencing">fence</a> with him and states, "I'll be your <a href="/wiki/Foil_(fencing)" title="Foil (fencing)">foil</a>, Laertes" (5.2.272).<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This <a href="/wiki/Word_play" title="Word play">word play</a> reveals the foil between Hamlet and Laertes that was developed throughout the play. </p><p>George and Lennie are foils to each other in John Steinbeck's 1937 novella <i><a href="/wiki/Of_Mice_and_Men" title="Of Mice and Men">Of Mice and Men</a></i>. Lennie is huge and strong as a bull but mentally slow, while George is small, skinny and very smart. </p><p>In <a href="/wiki/Frank_Herbert" title="Frank Herbert">Frank Herbert</a>'s 1965 <a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">science fiction</a> novel <i><a href="/wiki/Dune_(novel)" title="Dune (novel)">Dune</a></i>, <a href="/wiki/Feyd-Rautha" title="Feyd-Rautha">Feyd-Rautha</a> serves as the narrative foil to <a href="/wiki/Paul_Atreides" title="Paul Atreides">Paul Atreides</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> While both characters are heirs of powerful noble houses, feature in the plans of the <a href="/wiki/Bene_Gesserit" title="Bene Gesserit">Bene Gesserit</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and have received extensive combat training, Paul is compassionate and wishes to avoid war while Feyd is portrayed as interested solely in the acquisition of power.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the <i><a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_(franchise)" class="mw-redirect" title="Harry Potter (franchise)">Harry Potter</a></i> series, <a href="/wiki/Draco_Malfoy" title="Draco Malfoy">Draco Malfoy</a> can be seen as a foil to the <a href="/wiki/Harry_Potter_(character)" title="Harry Potter (character)">Harry Potter</a> character; <a href="/wiki/Severus_Snape" title="Severus Snape">Professor Snape</a> enables both characters "to experience the essential adventures of <a href="/wiki/Self-determination" title="Self-determination">self-determination</a>"<sup id="cite_ref-Heilman2008_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heilman2008-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but they make different choices; Harry chooses to oppose <a href="/wiki/Lord_Voldemort" title="Lord Voldemort">Lord Voldemort</a> and the Death Eaters wholeheartedly, whereas Draco struggles with his allegiances through the whole series. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foil_(narrative)&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counterpart_(disambiguation)" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="Counterpart (disambiguation)">Counterpart (disambiguation)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juxtaposition" title="Juxtaposition">Juxtaposition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidekick" title="Sidekick">Sidekick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">Straight man</a>, a form of foil in comedy</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Foil_(narrative)&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Corwin1978-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Corwin1978_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCorwin1978" class="citation book cs1">Corwin, Norman (1 April 1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=_zIhR7dRjOEC"><i>Holes in a stained glass window</i></a>. L. Stuart. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780818402555" title="Special:BookSources/9780818402555"><bdi>9780818402555</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Holes+in+a+stained+glass+window&rft.pub=L.+Stuart&rft.date=1978-04-01&rft.isbn=9780818402555&rft.aulast=Corwin&rft.aufirst=Norman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D_zIhR7dRjOEC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/211951/foil">"foil | literature | Encyclopædia Britannica"</a>. Britannica.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=foil+%26%23124%3B+literature+%26%23124%3B+Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.pub=Britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F211951%2Ffoil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oed.com/view/Entry/72433?rskey=H1lv7r&result=1#">"Home : Oxford English Dictionary"</a>. Oed.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Home+%3A+Oxford+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oed.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.oed.com%2Fview%2FEntry%2F72433%3Frskey%3DH1lv7r%26result%3D1%23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Auger2010-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Auger2010_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAuger2010" class="citation book cs1">Auger, Peter (August 2010). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anthemdictionary0000auge"><i>The Anthem Dictionary of Literary Terms and Theory</i></a></span>. Anthem Press. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/anthemdictionary0000auge/page/114">114</a>–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780857286703" title="Special:BookSources/9780857286703"><bdi>9780857286703</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Anthem+Dictionary+of+Literary+Terms+and+Theory&rft.pages=114-&rft.pub=Anthem+Press&rft.date=2010-08&rft.isbn=9780857286703&rft.aulast=Auger&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fanthemdictionary0000auge&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://writingexplained.org/grammar-dictionary/foil">"What is a Foil? Definition, Examples of Literary Foil Characters"</a>. <i>writingexplained.org/</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 November</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=writingexplained.org%2F&rft.atitle=What+is+a+Foil%3F+Definition%2C+Examples+of+Literary+Foil+Characters&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwritingexplained.org%2Fgrammar-dictionary%2Ffoil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111005083247/http://www.cramster.com/definitions/foil/509">"Chegg Study | Guided Solutions and Study Help | Chegg.com"</a>. Cramster.com. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cramster.com/definitions/foil/509">the original</a> on 5 October 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Chegg+Study+%26%23124%3B+Guided+Solutions+and+Study+Help+%26%23124%3B+Chegg.com&rft.pub=Cramster.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cramster.com%2Fdefinitions%2Ffoil%2F509&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dictionary.com-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dictionary.com_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/foil?s=t">"Define Foil at Dictionary.com"</a>. Original publisher, Collins World English Dictionary, reprinted at Dictionary.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Define+Foil+at+Dictionary.com&rft.pub=Original+publisher%2C+Collins+World+English+Dictionary%2C+reprinted+at+Dictionary.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdictionary.reference.com%2Fbrowse%2Ffoil%3Fs%3Dt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Metze2010-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Metze2010_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMetze2010" class="citation book cs1">Metze, Tamara Antoine Pauline (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=rEuiswdy-_UC&pg=PA61"><i>Innovation Ltd</i></a>. Eburon Uitgeverij B.V. pp. 61–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9789059724532" title="Special:BookSources/9789059724532"><bdi>9789059724532</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Innovation+Ltd.&rft.pages=61-&rft.pub=Eburon+Uitgeverij+B.V.&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=9789059724532&rft.aulast=Metze&rft.aufirst=Tamara+Antoine+Pauline&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DrEuiswdy-_UC%26pg%3DPA61&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.etymonline.com/index.php?term=foil">"Online Etymology Dictionary"</a>. Etymonline.com<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 February</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Online+Etymology+Dictionary&rft.pub=Etymonline.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.etymonline.com%2Findex.php%3Fterm%3Dfoil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Henry IV, Part 1, l.315-20</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Leverage2011-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Leverage2011_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeverage2011" class="citation book cs1">Leverage, Paula (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tvgViy7acjkC&pg=PA6"><i>Theory of Mind and Literature</i></a>. Purdue University Press. pp. 6–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781557535702" title="Special:BookSources/9781557535702"><bdi>9781557535702</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">3 March</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Theory+of+Mind+and+Literature&rft.pages=6-&rft.pub=Purdue+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=9781557535702&rft.aulast=Leverage&rft.aufirst=Paula&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DtvgViy7acjkC%26pg%3DPA6&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Marrapodi2011-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Marrapodi2011_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMarrapodi2011" class="citation book cs1">Marrapodi, Michele (1 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=FYLz55bOV88C&pg=PA132"><i>Shakespeare and Renaissance Literary Theories: Anglo-Italian Transactions</i></a>. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. pp. 132–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781409421504" title="Special:BookSources/9781409421504"><bdi>9781409421504</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 February</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Shakespeare+and+Renaissance+Literary+Theories%3A+Anglo-Italian+Transactions&rft.pages=132-&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing%2C+Ltd.&rft.date=2011-03-01&rft.isbn=9781409421504&rft.aulast=Marrapodi&rft.aufirst=Michele&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DFYLz55bOV88C%26pg%3DPA132&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><i>Hamlet : New Critical Essays</i>. Kinney, Arthur F., 1933-. New York: Routledge. 2001. pp. 215–230. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0815338767" title="Special:BookSources/0815338767"><bdi>0815338767</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/45963065">45963065</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Hamlet+%3A+New+Critical+Essays&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=215-230&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F45963065&rft.isbn=0815338767&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShakespeare2012" class="citation book cs1">Shakespeare, William (2012). <i>The Tragedy of Hamlet, Prince of Denmark</i>. New York: Simon & Schuster Paperbacks. p. 275. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-7712-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7434-7712-3"><bdi>978-0-7434-7712-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Tragedy+of+Hamlet%2C+Prince+of+Denmark&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=275&rft.pub=Simon+%26+Schuster+Paperbacks&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-7434-7712-3&rft.aulast=Shakespeare&rft.aufirst=William&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gamerant.com/dune-part-two-feyd-rautha/">"Dune: Part Two: Who Is Feyd-Rautha?"</a>. <i>Game Rant</i>. 13 May 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Game+Rant&rft.atitle=Dune%3A+Part+Two%3A+Who+Is+Feyd-Rautha%3F&rft.date=2023-05-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgamerant.com%2Fdune-part-two-feyd-rautha%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.esquire.com/entertainment/movies/a38122076/feyd-rautha-dune-part-two-casting/">"Fans Are Guessing Who'll Play Feyd-Rautha in 'Dune: Part Two'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. <i>Esquire</i>. 1 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Esquire&rft.atitle=Fans+Are+Guessing+Who%27ll+Play+Feyd-Rautha+in+%27Dune%3A+Part+Two%27&rft.date=2021-11-01&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.esquire.com%2Fentertainment%2Fmovies%2Fa38122076%2Ffeyd-rautha-dune-part-two-casting%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cbr.com/dune-feyd-rautha-missing/">"Dune: Seriously, Where Is Feyd-Rautha?"</a>. <i>CBR</i>. 15 October 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">4 June</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=CBR&rft.atitle=Dune%3A+Seriously%2C+Where+Is+Feyd-Rautha%3F&rft.date=2020-10-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbr.com%2Fdune-feyd-rautha-missing%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFoil+%28narrative%29" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heilman2008-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Heilman2008_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeilman2008" class="citation book cs1">Heilman, Elizabeth E. (5 August 2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ltSc0DZNlBwC&pg=PA93"><i>Critical Perspectives on Harry Potter</i></a>. Taylor & Francis US. pp. 93–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780203892817" title="Special:BookSources/9780203892817"><bdi>9780203892817</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="Confidant">Confidant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deuteragonist" title="Deuteragonist">Deuteragonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/False_protagonist" title="False protagonist">False protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Focal_character" title="Focal character">Focal character</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Foil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_double" title="Gothic double">Gothic double</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hamartia" title="Hamartia">Hamartia</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hero" title="Hero">Hero</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Antihero" title="Antihero">Anti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byronic_hero" title="Byronic hero">Byronic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tragic_hero" title="Tragic hero">Tragic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narrator</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protagonist" title="Protagonist">Protagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stock_character" title="Stock character">Stock character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Straight_man" title="Straight man">Straight man</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supporting_character" title="Supporting character">Supporting character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Title_character" title="Title character">Title character</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tritagonist" title="Tritagonist">Tritagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Villain" title="Villain">Villain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Plot_(narrative)" title="Plot (narrative)">Plot</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ab_ovo" title="Ab ovo">Ab ovo</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Action_(narrative)" title="Action (narrative)">Action</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Origin_story" title="Origin story">Origin story</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chekhov%27s_gun" title="Chekhov's gun">Chekhov's gun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clich%C3%A9" title="Cliché">Cliché</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cliffhanger" title="Cliffhanger">Cliffhanger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conflict_(narrative)" title="Conflict (narrative)">Conflict</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Deus_ex_machina" title="Deus ex machina">Deus ex machina</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dialogue_in_writing" title="Dialogue in writing">Dialogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Dramatic structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eucatastrophe" title="Eucatastrophe">Eucatastrophe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foreshadowing" title="Foreshadowing">Foreshadowing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashback_(narrative)" title="Flashback (narrative)">Flashback</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flashforward" title="Flashforward">Flashforward</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frame_story" title="Frame story">Frame story</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/In_medias_res" title="In medias res">In medias res</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kish%C5%8Dtenketsu" title="Kishōtenketsu">Kishōtenketsu</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacGuffin" title="MacGuffin">MacGuffin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pace_(narrative)" title="Pace (narrative)">Pace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_device" title="Plot device">Plot device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plot_twist" title="Plot twist">Plot twist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poetic_justice" title="Poetic justice">Poetic justice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Red_herring" title="Red herring">Red herring</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reveal_(narrative)" title="Reveal (narrative)">Reveal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-insertion" title="Self-insertion">Self-insertion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shaggy_dog_story" title="Shaggy dog story">Shaggy dog story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stereotype" title="Stereotype">Stereotype</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_arc" title="Story arc">Story arc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Story_within_a_story" title="Story within a story">Story within a story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subplot" title="Subplot">Subplot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspense" title="Suspense">Suspense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trope_(literature)" title="Trope (literature)">Trope</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Setting_(narrative)" title="Setting (narrative)">Setting</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternate_history" title="Alternate history">Alternate history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backstory" title="Backstory">Backstory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crossover_(fiction)" title="Crossover (fiction)">Crossover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dream_world_(plot_device)" title="Dream world (plot device)">Dreamworld</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dystopia" title="Dystopia">Dystopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_location" title="Fictional location">Fictional location</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Fictional city">city</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_country" title="Fictional country">country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_universe" title="Fictional universe">universe</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_universes_in_fiction" title="Parallel universes in fiction">parallel</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopia" title="Utopia">Utopia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Worldbuilding" title="Worldbuilding">Worldbuilding</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Theme_(narrative)" title="Theme (narrative)">Theme</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Irony" title="Irony">Irony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leitmotif" title="Leitmotif">Leitmotif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metaphor" title="Metaphor">Metaphor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral" title="Moral">Moral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moral_development" title="Moral development">Moral development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motif_(narrative)" title="Motif (narrative)">Motif</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deal_with_the_Devil" title="Deal with the Devil">Deal with the Devil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Good_and_evil" title="Good and evil">Conflict between good and evil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-fulfilling_prophecy" title="Self-fulfilling prophecy">Self-fulfilling prophecy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Time_travel" title="Time travel">Time travel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Writing_style" title="Writing style">Style</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Allegory" title="Allegory">Allegory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bathos" title="Bathos">Bathos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_relief" title="Comic relief">Comic relief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diction" title="Diction">Diction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Figure_of_speech" title="Figure of speech">Figure of speech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imagery" title="Imagery">Imagery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mode_(literature)" title="Mode (literature)">Mode</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mood_(literature)" title="Mood (literature)">Mood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_techniques" title="List of narrative techniques">Narrative techniques</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_hook" title="Narrative hook">Hook</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Show,_don%27t_tell" title="Show, don't tell">Show, don't tell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stylistic_device" title="Stylistic device">Stylistic device</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suspension_of_disbelief" title="Suspension of disbelief">Suspension of disbelief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Symbolism_(arts)" class="mw-redirect" title="Symbolism (arts)">Symbolism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tone_(literature)" title="Tone (literature)">Tone</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Structure</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Act_(drama)" title="Act (drama)">Act</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dramatic_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Dramatic structure">Act structure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Three-act_structure" title="Three-act structure">Three-act structure</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freytag%27s_Pyramid" class="mw-redirect" title="Freytag's Pyramid">Freytag's Pyramid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Exposition_(narrative)" title="Exposition (narrative)">Exposition</a>/<a href="/wiki/Protasis" title="Protasis">Protasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epitasis" title="Epitasis">Rising action/Epitasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climax_(narrative)" title="Climax (narrative)">Climax</a>/<a href="/wiki/Peripeteia" title="Peripeteia">Peripeteia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastasis" title="Catastasis">Falling action/Catastasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catastrophe_(drama)" title="Catastrophe (drama)">Denouement/Catastrophe</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_structure" class="mw-redirect" title="Narrative structure">Linear narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonlinear_narrative" title="Nonlinear narrative">Nonlinear narrative</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_films" title="List of nonlinear narrative films">films</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_nonlinear_narrative_television_series" title="List of nonlinear narrative television series">television series</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Premise_(narrative)" title="Premise (narrative)">Premise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Types_of_fiction_with_multiple_endings" title="Types of fiction with multiple endings">Types of fiction with multiple endings</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_narrative_forms" title="List of narrative forms">Form</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drama" title="Drama">Drama</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fabliau" title="Fabliau">Fabliau</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flash_fiction" title="Flash fiction">Flash fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folklore" title="Folklore">Folklore</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fable" title="Fable">Fable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fairy_tale" title="Fairy tale">Fairy tale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legend" title="Legend">Legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myth" title="Myth">Myth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tall_tale" title="Tall tale">Tall tale</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamebook" title="Gamebook">Gamebook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_art" title="Narrative art">Narrative art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_poetry" title="Narrative poetry">Narrative poetry</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Epic_poetry" title="Epic poetry">Epic poetry</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novel" title="Novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Novella" title="Novella">Novella</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parable" title="Parable">Parable</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_story" title="Short story">Short story</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vignette_(literature)" title="Vignette (literature)">Vignette</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Literary_genre" title="Literary genre">Genre</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/List_of_writing_genres" title="List of writing genres">List</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiction" title="Fiction">Fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Action_fiction" title="Action fiction">Action fiction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adventure_fiction" title="Adventure fiction">Adventure</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comic_novel" title="Comic novel">Comic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crime_fiction" title="Crime fiction">Crime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docufiction" title="Docufiction">Docu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epistolary_novel" title="Epistolary novel">Epistolary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergodic_literature" title="Ergodic literature">Ergodic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erotic_literature" title="Erotic literature">Erotic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Historical_fiction" title="Historical fiction">Historical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Western_fiction" title="Western fiction">Western</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mystery_fiction" title="Mystery fiction">Mystery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nautical_fiction" title="Nautical fiction">Nautical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paranoid_fiction" title="Paranoid fiction">Paranoid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Philosophical_fiction" title="Philosophical fiction">Philosophical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picaresque_novel" title="Picaresque novel">Picaresque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_fiction" title="Political fiction">Political</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_culture_fiction" title="Pop culture fiction">Pop culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychological_fiction" title="Psychological fiction">Psychological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inspirational_fiction" title="Inspirational fiction">Religious</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rogue_literature" title="Rogue literature">Rogue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_novel" title="Romance novel">Romance</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chivalric_romance" title="Chivalric romance">Chivalric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romance_(prose_fiction)" title="Romance (prose fiction)">Prose</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saga" title="Saga">Saga</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Satire" title="Satire">Satire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Speculative_fiction" title="Speculative fiction">Speculative fiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fantasy" title="Fantasy">Fantasy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_fiction" title="Gothic fiction">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Southern_Gothic" title="Southern Gothic">Southern</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horror_fiction" title="Horror fiction">Horror</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magic_realism" class="mw-redirect" title="Magic realism">Magic realism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Science_fiction" title="Science fiction">Science</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hard_science_fiction" title="Hard science fiction">Hard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Utopian_and_dystopian_fiction" title="Utopian and dystopian fiction">Utopian and dystopian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_underwater_science_fiction_works" title="List of underwater science fiction works">Underwater</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Superhero_fiction" title="Superhero fiction">Superhero</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theological_fiction" title="Theological fiction">Theological</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thriller_(genre)" title="Thriller (genre)">Thriller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_fiction" title="Urban fiction">Urban</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nonfiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Nonfiction">Nonfiction</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autobiography" title="Autobiography">Autobiography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biography" title="Biography">Biography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Non-fiction_novel" title="Non-fiction novel">Novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Creative_nonfiction" title="Creative nonfiction">Creative</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Narration" title="Narration">Narration</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diegesis" title="Diegesis">Diegesis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First-person_narrative" title="First-person narrative">First-person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Second-person narrative">Second-person</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Third-person_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person narrative">Third-person</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Third-person_omniscient_narrative" class="mw-redirect" title="Third-person omniscient narrative">Third-person omniscient narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narration#Subjective_or_objective" title="Narration">Subjectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unreliable_narrator" title="Unreliable narrator">Unreliable narrator</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multiperspectivity" title="Multiperspectivity">Multiple narrators</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_of_consciousness" title="Stream of consciousness">Stream of consciousness</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stream_of_unconsciousness" title="Stream of unconsciousness">Stream of unconsciousness</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Grammatical_tense" title="Grammatical tense">Tense</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Past_tense" title="Past tense">Past</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Present_tense" title="Present tense">Present</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_tense" title="Future tense">Future</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dominant_narrative" title="Dominant narrative">Dominant narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiction_writing" title="Fiction writing">Fiction writing</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Continuity_(fiction)" title="Continuity (fiction)">Continuity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Canon_(fiction)" title="Canon (fiction)">Canon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reboot_(fiction)" title="Reboot (fiction)">Reboot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Retroactive_continuity" title="Retroactive continuity">Retcon</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parallel_novel" title="Parallel novel">Parallel novel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prequel" title="Prequel">Prequel</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sequel" title="Sequel">Sequel</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genre" title="Genre">Genre</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_genres" title="List of genres">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_criticism" title="Literary criticism">Literary science</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Literary_theory" title="Literary theory">Literary theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_identity" title="Narrative identity">Narrative identity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_paradigm" title="Narrative paradigm">Narrative paradigm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narrative_therapy" title="Narrative therapy">Narrative therapy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Narratology" title="Narratology">Narratology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metafiction" title="Metafiction">Metafiction</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Political_narrative" title="Political narrative">Political narrative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhetoric" title="Rhetoric">Rhetoric</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_rhetorical_terms" title="Glossary of rhetorical terms">Glossary</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Screenwriting" title="Screenwriting">Screenwriting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Storytelling" title="Storytelling">Storytelling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tellability" title="Tellability">Tellability</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verisimilitude_(fiction)" title="Verisimilitude (fiction)">Verisimilitude</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <p><br /> </p>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foil_(narrative)&oldid=1231509665">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Foil_(narrative)&oldid=1231509665</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Category</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Fictional_characters_by_role_in_the_narrative_structure" title="Category:Fictional characters by role in the narrative structure">Fictional characters by 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