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class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Classical_antiquity" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Classical_antiquity"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Classical antiquity</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Classical_antiquity-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Middle_Ages" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Middle_Ages"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Middle Ages</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Middle_Ages-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Modern_era" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Modern_era"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Modern era</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Modern_era-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Weimar_Republic_and_Third_Reich_(1919_to_1945)" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Weimar_Republic_and_Third_Reich_(1919_to_1945)"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Weimar Republic and Third Reich (1919 to 1945)</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Weimar_Republic_and_Third_Reich_(1919_to_1945)-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-World_War_II" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#World_War_II"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>World War II</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-World_War_II-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cold_War_and_contemporary_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cold_War_and_contemporary_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>Cold War and contemporary history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cold_War_and_contemporary_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bathing_and_gambling" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bathing_and_gambling"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Bathing and gambling</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bathing_and_gambling-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Main_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Main_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Main sights</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Main sights subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Main_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-The_Palace_Square" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#The_Palace_Square"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>The Palace Square</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-The_Palace_Square-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kurhaus_and_Theater" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kurhaus_and_Theater"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Kurhaus and Theater</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kurhaus_and_Theater-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-St._Bonifatius" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St._Bonifatius"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>St. Bonifatius</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St._Bonifatius-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-St._Elizabeth's_Church" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#St._Elizabeth's_Church"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>St. Elizabeth's Church</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-St._Elizabeth's_Church-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_sights" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_sights"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.5</span> <span>Other sights</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_sights-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Gallery" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Gallery"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Gallery</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gallery-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Boroughs_of_Wiesbaden" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Boroughs_of_Wiesbaden"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Boroughs of Wiesbaden</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Boroughs_of_Wiesbaden-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Boroughs of Wiesbaden subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Boroughs_of_Wiesbaden-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Inner_boroughs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Inner_boroughs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Inner boroughs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Inner_boroughs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Suburban_boroughs" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Suburban_boroughs"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>Suburban boroughs</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Suburban_boroughs-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Politics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Politics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Politics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Politics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Politics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Politics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Mayor" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mayor"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.1</span> <span>Mayor</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mayor-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-City_council" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#City_council"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8.2</span> <span>City council</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-City_council-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Roads" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roads"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Roads</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roads-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rail" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rail"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.2</span> <span>Rail</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rail-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.3</span> <span>Public transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Airports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Airports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.4</span> <span>Airports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Airports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Port" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Port"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.5</span> <span>Port</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Port-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Military" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Military"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Military</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Military-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Culture-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Culture subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-International_May_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_May_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.1</span> <span>International May Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_May_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rheingau_Wine_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rheingau_Wine_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.2</span> <span>Rheingau Wine Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rheingau_Wine_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shooting_Star_Market" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shooting_Star_Market"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.3</span> <span>Shooting Star Market</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shooting_Star_Market-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rheingau_Musik_Festival" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rheingau_Musik_Festival"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12.4</span> <span>Rheingau Musik Festival</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rheingau_Musik_Festival-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Sport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Twin towns – sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_–_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Coat_of_arms" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Coat_of_arms"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>Coat of arms</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Coat_of_arms-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>Notable people</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Notable people subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Notable_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_residents" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_residents"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.1</span> <span>Notable residents</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_residents-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_visitors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_visitors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16.2</span> <span>Notable visitors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_visitors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rivalry_with_Mainz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rivalry_with_Mainz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Rivalry with Mainz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rivalry_with_Mainz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Fictional_references" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Fictional_references"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>Fictional references</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Fictional_references-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">19</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">20</span> <span>Notes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">21</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Wiesbaden</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 143 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-143" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">143 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Alemannic" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Alemannic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%AA%E1%88%B5%E1%89%A3%E1%8B%B5%E1%8A%95" title="ቪስባድን – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቪስባድን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86" title="فيسبادن – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيسبادن" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%BA%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A8%D5%B6" title="Վիսպատըն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Վիսպատըն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ay mw-list-item"><a href="https://ay.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Aymara" lang="ay" hreflang="ay" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Aymar aru" data-language-local-name="Aymara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aymar aru</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visbaden" title="Visbaden – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Visbaden" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86" title="ویسبادن – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ویسبادن" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Вісбадэн – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Вісбадэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Вісбадэн – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Вісбадэн" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbodn" title="Wiesbodn – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Wiesbodn" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden_(munisipyo)" title="Wiesbaden (munisipyo) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Wiesbaden (munisipyo)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tum mw-list-item"><a href="https://tum.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Tumbuka" lang="tum" hreflang="tum" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="ChiTumbuka" data-language-local-name="Tumbuka" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiTumbuka</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Corsican" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Corsican" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pdc mw-list-item"><a href="https://pdc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbadde" title="Wiesbadde – Pennsylvania German" lang="pdc" hreflang="pdc" data-title="Wiesbadde" data-language-autonym="Deitsch" data-language-local-name="Pennsylvania German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deitsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%92%CE%AF%CE%B6%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B5%CE%BD" title="Βίζμπαντεν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Βίζμπαντεν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86" title="ویسبادن – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویسبادن" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Friulian" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friulian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%B9%84%EC%8A%A4%EB%B0%94%EB%8D%B4" title="비스바덴 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="비스바덴" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8E%D5%AB%D5%BD%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B6" title="Վիսբադեն – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Վիսբադեն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="विसबैडेन – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="विसबैडेन" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%91%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9F" title="ויסבאדן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="ויסבאדן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pam mw-list-item"><a href="https://pam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Pampanga" lang="pam" hreflang="pam" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Kapampangan" data-language-local-name="Pampanga" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kapampangan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ვისბადენი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ვისბადენი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Kongo" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="Kongo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aquae_Mattiacae" title="Aquae Mattiacae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aquae Mattiacae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%ABsb%C4%81dene" title="Vīsbādene – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Vīsbādene" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vysbadenas" title="Vysbadenas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Vysbadenas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="featured article badge"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%BB" title="വീസ്ബാഡൻ – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="വീസ്ബാഡൻ" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8" title="वीसबाडेन – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वीसबाडेन" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%95%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="ვისბადენი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ვისბადენი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%D9%8A%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86" title="ڤيسبادين – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="ڤيسبادين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mdf mw-list-item"><a href="https://mdf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BD" title="Висбадэн – Moksha" lang="mdf" hreflang="mdf" data-title="Висбадэн" data-language-autonym="Мокшень" data-language-local-name="Moksha" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Мокшень</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%B4%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%82%B9%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%87%E3%83%B3" title="ヴィースバーデン – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ヴィースバーデン" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A6%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86" title="وائزبادن – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="وائزبادن" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ksh mw-list-item"><a href="https://ksh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Colognian" lang="ksh" hreflang="ksh" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Ripoarisch" data-language-local-name="Colognian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ripoarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viz%C3%ABbadeni" title="Vizëbadeni – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Vizëbadeni" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A4%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%86" title="ڤیسبادن – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ڤیسبادن" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tet mw-list-item"><a href="https://tet.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Tetum" lang="tet" hreflang="tet" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Tetun" data-language-local-name="Tetum" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tetun</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99" title="วีสบาเดิน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วีสบาเดิน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Висбаден – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Висбаден" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D1%96%D1%81%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Вісбаден – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Вісбаден" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%DA%88%D9%86" title="وایزباڈن – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="وایزباڈن" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visbaden" title="Visbaden – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Visbaden" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB" title="威斯巴登 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="威斯巴登" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%95%D7%95%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%91%D7%90%D7%93%D7%9F" title="וויסבאדן – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="וויסבאדן" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%96%AF%E5%B7%B4%E7%99%BB" title="威斯巴登 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="威斯巴登" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Dimli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zea mw-list-item"><a href="https://zea.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" title="Wiesbaden – Zeelandic" lang="zea" hreflang="zea" data-title="Wiesbaden" data-language-autonym="Zeêuws" data-language-local-name="Zeelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zeêuws</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C4%ABzbadens" title="Vīzbadens – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Vīzbadens" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" 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.geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wiesbaden&params=50_04_57_N_08_14_24_E_type:city_region:DE"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°04′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">08°14′24″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.08250°N 8.24000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.08250; 8.24000</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital of Hesse, Germany</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For the ship, see <a href="/wiki/SMS_Wiesbaden" title="SMS Wiesbaden">SMS <i>Wiesbaden</i></a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">City in Hesse, Germany</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive 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.ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org"><span class="wrap">Wiesbaden </span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Germany_by_population" title="List of cities in Germany by population">City</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:282px;max-width:282px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:192px;max-width:192px"><div style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg/190px-Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg/285px-Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg/380px-Wiesbaden_BW_2017-04-24_20-51-36.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5828" data-file-height="3876" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Kurhaus_Wiesbaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurhaus Wiesbaden">Kurhaus Wiesbaden</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:86px;max-width:86px"><div style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MK7010_Russische_Kapelle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/MK7010_Russische_Kapelle.jpg/120px-MK7010_Russische_Kapelle.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/77/MK7010_Russische_Kapelle.jpg/250px-MK7010_Russische_Kapelle.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="1333" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/St._Elizabeth%27s_Church,_Wiesbaden" title="St. Elizabeth's Church, Wiesbaden">Russian Church</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:86px;max-width:86px"><div style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Biebricher_Wasserturm,_Wiesbaden,_170416,_ako.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Biebricher_Wasserturm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_170416%2C_ako.jpg/84px-Biebricher_Wasserturm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_170416%2C_ako.jpg" decoding="async" width="84" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Biebricher_Wasserturm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_170416%2C_ako.jpg/126px-Biebricher_Wasserturm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_170416%2C_ako.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Biebricher_Wasserturm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_170416%2C_ako.jpg/168px-Biebricher_Wasserturm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_170416%2C_ako.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3585" data-file-height="5377" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Biebrich_(Wiesbaden)" title="Biebrich (Wiesbaden)">Biebrich</a> Water Tower</div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:192px;max-width:192px"><div style="height:126px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg/190px-Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg" decoding="async" width="190" height="126" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg/285px-Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg/380px-Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Nerobergbahn" title="Nerobergbahn">Neroberg Funicular</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:194px;max-width:194px"><div style="height:139px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/192px-Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg" decoding="async" width="192" height="139" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/288px-Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/384px-Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1394" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden_City_Palace" title="Wiesbaden City Palace">City Palace</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:84px;max-width:84px"><div style="height:139px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg/82px-Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg" decoding="async" width="82" height="140" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg/123px-Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg/164px-Wiesbaden_Marktkirche_BW_2017-04-24_17-38-32.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6265" data-file-height="10689" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Marktkirche,_Wiesbaden" title="Marktkirche, Wiesbaden">Market Church</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:280px;max-width:280px"><div style="height:47px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg/278px-MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="278" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg/417px-MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg/556px-MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6347" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center">View over Wiesbaden from <a href="/wiki/Neroberg" title="Neroberg">Neroberg</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Wiesbaden"><img alt="Flag of Wiesbaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg/100px-Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="60" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg/150px-Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg/200px-Flagge_Wiesbaden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div></div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Coat of arms of Wiesbaden"><img alt="Coat of arms of Wiesbaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg/69px-DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="69" height="80" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg/103px-DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg/137px-DEU_Wiesbaden_COA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="409" data-file-height="477" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Coat of arms</div></div><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Official logo of Wiesbaden"><img alt="Official logo of Wiesbaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg/100px-Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="55" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg/150px-Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3c/Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg/200px-Wiesbaden_2022_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="563" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Logo</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style="border:line; margin-top:0.2px"><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="height:auto; padding:0.1em; padding-left:0.3em; padding-right:1.5em;">Location of Wiesbaden within Hessen</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hessen_WI.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hessen_WI.png/250px-Hessen_WI.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hessen_WI.png/375px-Hessen_WI.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/87/Hessen_WI.png/500px-Hessen_WI.png 2x" data-file-width="722" data-file-height="957" /></a></span> </div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Germany_adm_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiesbaden is located in Germany"><img alt="Wiesbaden is located in Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/250px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="296" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Germany_adm_location_map.svg/500px-Germany_adm_location_map.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="1272" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:63.513%;left:27.4%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiesbaden"><img alt="Wiesbaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><span class="wrap">Wiesbaden </span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Germany</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738" /><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hesse_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wiesbaden is located in Hesse"><img alt="Wiesbaden is located in Hesse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Hesse_location_map.svg/250px-Hesse_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="349" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Hesse_location_map.svg/375px-Hesse_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Hesse_location_map.svg/500px-Hesse_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="744" data-file-height="1040" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:68.618%;left:23.471%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wiesbaden"><img alt="Wiesbaden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pr" style="width:6em;left:4px"><div><span class="wrap">Wiesbaden </span></div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Hesse</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Wiesbaden&params=50_04_57_N_08_14_24_E_type:city_region:DE"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">50°04′57″N</span> <span class="longitude">08°14′24″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">50.08250°N 8.24000°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">50.08250; 8.24000</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany">Germany</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">State</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">Admin. region</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt_(region)" title="Darmstadt (region)">Darmstadt </a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">District</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Urban_districts_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Urban districts of Germany">Urban district</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Founded</th><td class="infobox-data">121</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Subdivisions</th><td class="infobox-data">26 boroughs</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Lord_mayor" title="Lord mayor">Lord mayor</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><span class="nobold">(2019–25) </span></th><td class="infobox-data">Gert-Uwe Mende<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> (<a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Governing parties</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">CDU</a> / <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">SPD</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">203.9 km<sup>2</sup> (78.7 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">115 m (377 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2022-12-31)<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • Total</div></th><td class="infobox-data">283,083</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">1,400/km<sup>2</sup> (3,600/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_in_Germany" title="Time in Germany">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B01:00" title="UTC+01:00">UTC+01:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Time" title="Central European Time">CET</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap"> • Summer (<a href="/wiki/Daylight_saving_time" title="Daylight saving time">DST</a>)</span></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B02:00" title="UTC+02:00">UTC+02:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Central_European_Summer_Time" title="Central European Summer Time">CEST</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Postal_codes_in_Germany" title="Postal codes in Germany">Postal codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">65183–65207<br />55246 (Mainz-Kostheim)<br />55252 (Mainz-Kastel)</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/List_of_dialling_codes_in_Germany" title="List of dialling codes in Germany">Dialling codes</a></th><td class="infobox-data">0611, 06122, 06127, 06134</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Vehicle_registration_plates_of_Germany" title="Vehicle registration plates of Germany">Vehicle registration</a></th><td class="infobox-data">WI</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiesbaden.de/en/">wiesbaden.de</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Wiesbaden</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">German pronunciation:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="de-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Standard_German" title="Help:IPA/Standard German">[ˈviːsˌbaːdn̩]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/ee\/Wiesbaden.ogg\/Wiesbaden.ogg.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"Wiesbaden.ogg"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/ee/Wiesbaden.ogg/Wiesbaden.ogg.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden.ogg" title="File:Wiesbaden.ogg">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">meadow baths</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>) is the capital of the German state of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a>, and the second-largest Hessian city after <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt am Main</a>. With around 283,000 inhabitants, it is <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Germany_by_population" title="List of cities in Germany by population">Germany's 24th-largest city</a>. Wiesbaden forms a conurbation with a population of around 500,000 with the neighbouring city of <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>. This conurbation is in turn embedded in the <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhine-Main">Rhine-Main Metropolitan Region</a>—Germany's second-largest metropolitan region after <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Ruhr" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhine-Ruhr">Rhine-Ruhr</a>—which also includes the nearby cities of <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt am Main</a>, <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Offenbach_am_Main" title="Offenbach am Main">Offenbach am Main</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a>, and has a combined population exceeding 5.8 million. </p><p>The city is located on the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> (<a href="/wiki/Upper_Rhine" title="Upper Rhine">Upper Rhine</a>), at the foothills of the <a href="/wiki/Taunus" title="Taunus">Taunus</a>, opposite the <a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhineland-Palatine">Rhineland-Palatine</a> capital of <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, and the city centre is located in the wide valley of the small <a href="/wiki/Salzbach_(Wiesbaden)" title="Salzbach (Wiesbaden)">Salzbach</a> stream. Wiesbaden lies in the <a href="/wiki/Rheingau_(wine_region)" title="Rheingau (wine region)">Rheingau wine-growing region</a>, one of Germany's <a href="/wiki/List_of_German_wine_regions" title="List of German wine regions">13 wine regions</a>. Three of Wiesbaden's boroughs were part of the city of <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> until 1945, and still bear the designation "Mainz" in their names—the so-called AKK-boroughs of <a href="/wiki/Mainz-Am%C3%B6neburg" title="Mainz-Amöneburg">Mainz-Amöneburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kastel" title="Mainz-Kastel">Mainz-Kastel</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kostheim" title="Mainz-Kostheim">Mainz-Kostheim</a>. This so-called AKK-Konflikt (<a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/AKK-Konflikt" class="extiw" title="de:AKK-Konflikt">de:AKK-Konflikt</a>) is the main cause for the rivalry between Mainz and Wiesbaden. <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden_Hauptbahnhof" title="Wiesbaden Hauptbahnhof">Wiesbaden Main Station</a> is connected to <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt am Main</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Main_S-Bahn" title="Rhine-Main S-Bahn">Rhine-Main S-Bahn</a> rapid transit system. </p><p>Historically, Wiesbaden was a <a href="/wiki/Nassau_(region)" title="Nassau (region)">Nassauian</a> city. From 1170 to 1629, it lay in the <a href="/wiki/County_of_Nassau" title="County of Nassau">County of Nassau</a>, and from 1629 to 1721, it was in the county and later principality of Nassau-Idstein, all of which were territories within the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a> ruled by branches of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Nassau" title="House of Nassau">House of Nassau</a>. In 1728, the city found itself in the principality of <a href="/wiki/Nassau-Usingen" class="mw-redirect" title="Nassau-Usingen">Nassau-Usingen</a>, and in 1744, <a href="/wiki/Biebrich_Palace" title="Biebrich Palace">Biebrich Palace</a> became the main residence of the House of Nassau-Usingen. In 1806, the city became the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Duchy of Nassau</a>. Since 1841, the newly built <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden_City_Palace" title="Wiesbaden City Palace">Wiesbaden City Palace</a> was the principal Nassauian residence. From 1868 to 1944, the city lay in the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussian</a> <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Hesse-Nassau" title="Province of Hesse-Nassau">Province of Hesse-Nassau</a>, and from 1944 to 1945, it was the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Nassau" title="Province of Nassau">Province of Nassau</a>. In 1945, it became the capital of <a href="/wiki/Greater_Hesse" title="Greater Hesse">Greater Hesse</a> and subsequently, in 1946, of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a>. </p><p>Wiesbaden is one of the oldest <a href="/wiki/Spa_town" title="Spa town">spa towns</a> in Europe. Its name translates to "meadow baths", and there are 15 <a href="/wiki/Mineral_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Mineral springs">mineral springs</a>—14 of which are <a href="/wiki/Hot_springs" class="mw-redirect" title="Hot springs">hot springs</a>—in the city centre.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> With a yield of around 2 million liters daily, Wiesbaden is the second-most productive German spa after <a href="/wiki/Aachen" title="Aachen">Aachen</a>. Its location in a mountain basin at the southern foot of the <a href="/wiki/Taunus" title="Taunus">Taunus</a>, protected by the mountains in the north and west, gives Wiesbaden a mild climate. It has been called the "<a href="/wiki/Nice" title="Nice">Nice</a> of the North" because of its climate and architecture.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city of Wiesbaden is one of the wealthiest cities in Germany and one of those with above-average purchasing power.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/United_States_Army_Europe_and_Africa" title="United States Army Europe and Africa">United States Army Europe and Africa</a> headquarters are located in <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Erbenheim" title="Wiesbaden-Erbenheim">Wiesbaden-Erbenheim</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Geography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden is situated on the right (northern) bank of the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a>, above the confluence of the <a href="/wiki/Main_(river)" title="Main (river)">Main</a>, where the Rhine's main direction changes from north to west. The city is across the Rhine from Mainz, the capital of the state of <a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a>. Frankfurt am Main is located about 38 kilometres (23.6 mi) east. To the north of the city are the <a href="/wiki/Taunus" title="Taunus">Taunus</a> Mountains, which trend in a northeasterly direction. </p><p>The city center, the <i>Stadtmitte</i>, is located in the north-easternmost part of the <a href="/wiki/Upper_Rhine_Valley" class="mw-redirect" title="Upper Rhine Valley">Upper Rhine Valley</a> at the spurs of the Taunus mountains, about 5 kilometres (3.1 mi) from the Rhine. The landscape is formed by a wide lowland between the Taunus heights in the north, the Bierstadter Höhe and the Hainerberg in the east, the Mosbacher Mountain in the south, and the Schiersteiner Mountain in the west, an offshoot of the Taunus range. </p><p>The downtown is drained only by the narrow valley of the Salzbach, a tributary of the Rhine, on the eastern flanks of the Mosbacher Mountain. The city's main railway line and the Mainz road (<i>Mainzer Straße</i>) follow this valley. Several other streams drain into the Salzbach within the city center: the Wellritzbach, the Kesselbach, the Schwarzbach, the Dambach, and the Tennelbach, as well as the outflow of many thermal and mineral springs in the <i>Kurhaus</i> (spa) district. Above the city center, the Salzbach is better known as the Rambach. </p><p>The highest point of the Wiesbaden municipality is located northwest of the city center near the summit of the Hohe Wurzel, with an elevation of 608 metres (1,995 ft) <a href="/wiki/Above_mean_sea_level" class="mw-redirect" title="Above mean sea level">above sea level</a>. The lowest point is the harbour entrance of Schierstein at 83 metres (272 ft) above sea level. The central square (the <i>Schlossplatz</i>, or palace square) is at an elevation of 115 metres (377 ft). </p><p>Wiesbaden covers an area of 204 km<sup>2</sup> (79 sq mi). It is 17.6 kilometres (10.9 mi) from north to south and 19.7 kilometres (12.2 mi) from west to east. In the north are vast forest areas, which cover 27.4% of the urban area. In the west and east are <a href="/wiki/Vineyards" class="mw-redirect" title="Vineyards">vineyards</a> and agricultural land, which cover 31.1% of the area. Of the municipality's 79 kilometres (49.1 mi)-long border, the Rhine makes up 10.3 kilometres (6.4 mi). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden has a <a href="/wiki/Temperate_climate" title="Temperate climate">temperate</a>-<a href="/wiki/Oceanic_climate" title="Oceanic climate">oceanic climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: <i>Cfb</i>; <a href="/wiki/Trewartha_climate_classification" title="Trewartha climate classification">Trewartha</a>: <i>Dobk</i>) with relatively cold winters and warm summers. Its average annual temperature is 9.8 °C (49.6 °F), with monthly mean temperatures ranging from 1.2 °C (34.2 °F) in January to 18.9 °C (66.0 °F) in July. </p><p>The Wiesbaden weather station has recorded the following extreme values:<sup id="cite_ref-sklima_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sklima-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>Highest Temperature 38.9 °C (102.0 °F) on <a href="/wiki/2019_European_heatwaves#Germany" title="2019 European heatwaves">25 July 2019</a>.</li> <li>Lowest Temperature −18.7 °C (−1.7 °F) on 19 December 2009.</li> <li>Wettest Year 1,067.3 mm (42.02 in) in 1965.</li> <li>Driest Year 473.3 mm (18.63 in) in 1976.</li> <li>Highest Daily Precipitation: 71.0 mm (2.80 in) on 7 October 1982.</li> <li>Earliest Snowfall: 5 November 1966.</li> <li>Latest Snowfall: 15 April 2001.</li></ul> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Wiesbaden, 1991–2020 normals, extremes 1960–present<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFBA76; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.4<br />(57.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.0<br />(75.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.8<br />(87.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF1A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.7<br />(99.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.9<br />(102.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9022; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.5<br />(68.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1100; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">38.9<br />(102.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD4AA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.6<br />(51.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCB97; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.0<br />(53.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFA54B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.5<br />(63.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF6200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.2<br />(81.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.5<br />(86.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF3D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.6<br />(90.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.9<br />(89.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF6800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.3<br />(79.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFD2A6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.9<br />(51.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF3500; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">33.8<br />(92.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.7<br />(38.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2<br />(41.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0<br />(50.0) </td> <td style="background: #FFB66E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.0<br />(59.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B37; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.0<br />(66.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8206; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.5<br />(72.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF962E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.6<br />(67.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.3<br />(39.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBC7A; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">14.1<br />(57.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.2<br />(34.2) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFBF80; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.7<br />(56.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFA954; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.9<br />(62.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF9B38; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.9<br />(66.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF9D3C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.6<br />(65.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFBB77; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.3<br />(57.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFDBB8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(49.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFFAF6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(41.2) </td> <td style="background: #F1F1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0<br />(35.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFDAB5; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">9.8<br />(49.6) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.2<br />(29.8) </td> <td style="background: #E1E1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.0<br />(30.2) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.8<br />(35.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCF9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.9<br />(40.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4C9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4<br />(47.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFD9B4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.9<br />(49.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF3E7; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.2<br />(43.2) </td> <td style="background: #F4F4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(36.5) </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.3<br />(31.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6ED; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">5.8<br />(42.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−8.9<br />(16.0) </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.4<br />(18.7) </td> <td style="background: #D0D0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.2<br />(24.4) </td> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−1.6<br />(29.1) </td> <td style="background: #EFEFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.6<br />(34.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF5EB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.9<br />(42.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFE4CA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3<br />(46.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFE8D2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(45.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #E8E8FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(32.7) </td> <td style="background: #D5D5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.2<br />(26.2) </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−7.6<br />(18.3) </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−11.1<br />(12.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #8282FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.6<br />(−1.5) </td> <td style="background: #8D8DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−16.5<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #A2A2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−12.7<br />(9.1) </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.2<br />(22.6) </td> <td style="background: #DADAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.3<br />(27.9) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4<br />(34.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFFCFA; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.8<br />(40.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.5<br />(40.1) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4<br />(34.5) </td> <td style="background: #CCCCFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−4.9<br />(23.2) </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−9.8<br />(14.4) </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−18.7<br />(−1.7) </td> <td style="background: #8181FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−18.7<br />(−1.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #9BFF9B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6<br />(2.62) </td> <td style="background: #A6FFA6; color:#000000;" class="notheme">54.0<br />(2.13) </td> <td style="background: #B2FFB2; color:#000000;" class="notheme">51.5<br />(2.03) </td> <td style="background: #BDFFBD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">42.3<br />(1.67) </td> <td style="background: #A1FFA1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.8<br />(2.47) </td> <td style="background: #A0FFA0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">61.2<br />(2.41) </td> <td style="background: #8DFF8D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.2<br />(3.00) </td> <td style="background: #ADFFAD; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.0<br />(2.17) </td> <td style="background: #A8FFA8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">56.2<br />(2.21) </td> <td style="background: #A4FFA4; color:#000000;" class="notheme">60.8<br />(2.39) </td> <td style="background: #9FFF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">62.3<br />(2.45) </td> <td style="background: #8AFF8A; color:#000000;" class="notheme">77.9<br />(3.07) </td> <td style="background: #A3FFA3; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">726.9<br />(28.62) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average extreme snow depth cm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #EBEBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(2.5) </td> <td style="background: #EDEDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.8<br />(2.3) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.8<br />(1.1) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.2<br />(0.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #FFFFFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0<br />(0) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.3<br />(0.9) </td> <td style="background: #E7E7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.7<br />(3.0) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">12.8<br />(5.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 0.1 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #2E2EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.9 </td> <td style="background: #2F2FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">15.3 </td> <td style="background: #4A4AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.6 </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #5454FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.8 </td> <td style="background: #5F5FFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.5 </td> <td style="background: #5252FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.0 </td> <td style="background: #5A5AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">13.3 </td> <td style="background: #6363FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">12.2 </td> <td style="background: #4949FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">14.7 </td> <td style="background: #2A2AFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">16.7 </td> <td style="background: #1717FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">18.8 </td> <td style="background: #4747FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">175.3 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #7CFF7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">84.5 </td> <td style="background: #83FF83; color:#000000;" class="notheme">80.5 </td> <td style="background: #8DFF8D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">73.6 </td> <td style="background: #98FF98; color:#000000;" class="notheme">66.6 </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.9 </td> <td style="background: #94FF94; color:#000000;" class="notheme">68.9 </td> <td style="background: #96FF96; color:#000000;" class="notheme">67.8 </td> <td style="background: #93FF93; color:#000000;" class="notheme">69.7 </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000;" class="notheme">76.0 </td> <td style="background: #7EFF7E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">83.7 </td> <td style="background: #78FF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.3 </td> <td style="background: #78FF78; color:#000000;" class="notheme">87.4 </td> <td style="background: #89FF89; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">76.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source: <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a>/SKlima.de<sup id="cite_ref-sklima_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-sklima-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg/175px-Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg" decoding="async" width="175" height="263" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg/263px-Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg/350px-Heidenmauer_in_Wiesbaden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1664" data-file-height="2496" /></a><figcaption>The <i>Heidenmauer</i> ("Heathen Wall") of <i>Aquae Mattiacorum</i><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Classical_antiquity">Classical antiquity</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Classical antiquity"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While evidence of settlement at present-day Wiesbaden dates back to the <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> era, historical records document continuous occupancy after the erection of a <a href="/wiki/Roman_Empire" title="Roman Empire">Roman</a> fort in 6 AD which housed an auxiliary cavalry unit. The <a href="/wiki/Hot_spring" title="Hot spring">thermal springs</a> of Wiesbaden are first mentioned in <a href="/wiki/Pliny_the_Elder" title="Pliny the Elder">Pliny the Elder</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Naturalis_Historia" class="mw-redirect" title="Naturalis Historia">Naturalis Historia</a></i>. They were famous for their recreation pools for Roman army horses and possibly as the source of a mineral used for red hair dye (which was very fashionable around the turn of BC/AD among women in Rome).<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Roman settlement is first mentioned using the name <i>Aquae Mattiacorum</i> (<a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a> for "Waters of the Mattiaci") in 121. The <a href="/wiki/Mattiaci" title="Mattiaci">Mattiaci</a> were a <a href="/wiki/Germanic_peoples" title="Germanic peoples">Germanic tribe</a>, possibly a branch of the neighboring <a href="/wiki/Chatti" title="Chatti">Chatti</a>, who lived in the vicinity at that time. The town also appears as Mattiacum in <a href="/wiki/Ptolemy" title="Ptolemy">Ptolemy</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Geographia" class="mw-redirect" title="Geographia">Geographia</a> (2.10). The Roman Empire built the <a href="/wiki/Limes_Germanicus" title="Limes Germanicus">Limes Germanicus</a>, which was a line of Roman frontier fortifications in the <a href="/wiki/Taunus" title="Taunus">Taunus</a>. Wiesbaden is just south of the Taunus. </p><p>The capital of the province of <a href="/wiki/Germania_Superior" title="Germania Superior">Germania Superior</a>, <a href="/wiki/Roman_Mogontiacum" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Mogontiacum">Mogontiacum</a> (present-day <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>), base of 2 (at times 3) Roman legions, was just over the Rhine and connected by a bridge at the present-day borough of <a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kastel" title="Mainz-Kastel">Mainz-Kastel</a> (Roman "<i>castellum</i>"), a strongly fortified bridgehead. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Alamanni" class="mw-redirect" title="Alamanni">Alamanni</a>, a coalition of Germanic tribes from beyond the <i>Limes</i>, captured the fort around 260. Later, in the 370s, when the Romans and Alamanni were allied, the Alemanni gained control of the Wiesbaden area and were in charge of its defense against other Germanic tribes. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Middle_Ages">Middle Ages</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Middle Ages"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After the <a href="/wiki/Franks" title="Franks">Franks</a> under <a href="/wiki/Clovis_I" title="Clovis I">Clovis I</a> defeated the Alamanni in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Tolbiac" title="Battle of Tolbiac">Battle of Tolbiac</a> in 496, the Franks eventually displaced the Alamanni in the Wiesbaden area over the course of the 6th century. In the 8th century, Wiesbaden became the site of a royal <a href="/wiki/Palace" title="Palace">palace</a> of the Frankish kingdom. The first documented use of the name Wiesbaden is by <a href="/wiki/Einhard" title="Einhard">Einhard</a>, the biographer of <a href="/wiki/Charlemagne" title="Charlemagne">Charlemagne</a>, whose writings mention "Wisabada" sometime between 828 and 830. </p><p>When the Frankish <a href="/wiki/Carolingian_Empire" title="Carolingian Empire">Carolingian Empire</a> broke up in 888, Wiesbaden was in the eastern half, called <a href="/wiki/East_Francia" title="East Francia">East Francia</a> (which would evolve into the <a href="/wiki/Holy_Roman_Empire" title="Holy Roman Empire">Holy Roman Empire</a>). The town was part of <a href="/wiki/Franconia" title="Franconia">Franconia</a>, the heartland of East Francia. In the 1170s, the <a href="/wiki/Count" title="Count">Count</a> of <a href="/wiki/Nassau_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Nassau (state)">Nassau</a>, Walram I, received the area around Wiesbaden as a <a href="/wiki/Fiefdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiefdom">fiefdom</a>. When Franconia fragmented in the early 13th century, Nassau emerged as an independent state as part of the Holy Roman Empire. </p><p>In 1232 Wiesbaden became a <a href="/wiki/Reichsstadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Reichsstadt">Reichsstadt</a>, an imperial city, of the Holy Roman Empire. However, in 1242, during the war of Emperor <a href="/wiki/Frederick_II,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Frederick II, Holy Roman Emperor">Frederick II</a> against the Pope, the <a href="/wiki/Archbishopric_of_Mainz" class="mw-redirect" title="Archbishopric of Mainz">Archbishop of Mainz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Siegfried_III_(Archbishop_of_Mainz)" class="mw-redirect" title="Siegfried III (Archbishop of Mainz)">Siegfried III</a>, ordered the city's destruction. </p><p>Wiesbaden returned to the control of the <a href="/wiki/House_of_Nassau" title="House of Nassau">House of Nassau</a> in 1270 under Count <a href="/wiki/Walram_II,_Count_of_Nassau" title="Walram II, Count of Nassau">Walram II, Count of Nassau</a>. However, Wiesbaden and the castle at <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Sonnenberg" title="Wiesbaden-Sonnenberg">Sonnenberg</a> were again destroyed in 1283 in conflict with <a href="/wiki/Eppstein" title="Eppstein">Eppstein</a>. </p><p>Walram's son and successor <a href="/wiki/Adolf,_King_of_the_Romans" title="Adolf, King of the Romans">Adolf</a> would later become king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Germany" title="Kingdom of Germany">Germany</a> from 1292 until 1298. In 1329, under Adolf's son <a href="/wiki/Gerlach_I_of_Nassau-Wiesbaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Gerlach I of Nassau-Wiesbaden">Gerlach I of Nassau-Weilburg</a> the House of Nassau and thereby, Wiesbaden, received the right of <a href="/wiki/Currency" title="Currency">coinage</a> from Holy Roman Emperor <a href="/wiki/Louis_IV,_Holy_Roman_Emperor" title="Louis IV, Holy Roman Emperor">Louis the Bavarian</a>. </p><p>In 1355, the County of Nassau-Weilburg was divided among the sons of Gerlach. The County of Nassau's holdings would be subdivided many times among heirs, with the parts being brought together again whenever a line died out. Wiesbaden became the seat of the County of Nassau-Wiesbaden under Count Adolf I (1307–1370), eldest son of Gerlach. It would eventually fall back to Nassau-Weilburg in 1605. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Modern_era">Modern era</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Modern era"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg/295px-Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg" decoding="async" width="295" height="145" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg/443px-Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg/590px-Wiesbaden_De_Merian_Hassiae.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2596" data-file-height="1274" /></a><figcaption>A view of Wiesbaden from the <i>Topographia Hassiae</i> by <a href="/wiki/Matth%C3%A4us_Merian" class="mw-redirect" title="Matthäus Merian">Matthäus Merian</a> in 1655</figcaption></figure> <p>Due to its participation in the uprisings of the <a href="/wiki/German_Peasants%27_War" title="German Peasants' War">German Peasants' War</a> of 1525, Wiesbaden lost all its privileges for over 40 years. During this time, Wiesbaden became <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> with the nomination of Wolf Denthener as first <a href="/wiki/Lutheran" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutheran">Lutheran</a> pastor on 1 January 1543. The same day, the first Latin school was opened, preparing pupils for the <a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">gymnasium</a> in <a href="/wiki/Idstein" title="Idstein">Idstein</a>. In 1566, the privileges of the city were restored. </p><p>The oldest remaining building of Wiesbaden, the old city hall, was built in 1609 and 1610. No older buildings are preserved due to two fires in 1547 and 1561. In 1648, at the end of the devastating <a href="/wiki/Thirty_Years%27_War" title="Thirty Years' War">Thirty Years' War</a>, chronicles tell that Wiesbaden had barely 40 residents left. In 1659, the County of Nassau-Weilburg was divided again. Wiesbaden became part of the County of Nassau-Usingen. In 1744, the seat of Nassau-Usingen was moved to <a href="/wiki/Biebrich_(Wiesbaden)" title="Biebrich (Wiesbaden)">Biebrich</a>. In 1771, the Count of Nassau-Usingen granted a concession for gambling in Wiesbaden. In 1810, the Wiesbaden Casino (German: <i>Spielbank</i>) was opened in the old Kurhaus. Gambling was later outlawed by <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussian</a> authorities in 1872. </p><p>As a result of <a href="/wiki/Napoleon" title="Napoleon">Napoleon</a>'s victory over Austria in the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Austerlitz" title="Battle of Austerlitz">Battle of Austerlitz</a>, the Holy Roman Empire was dissolved in 1805. On 12 July 1806, 16 states in present-day Germany, including the remaining counties of Nassau-Usingen and Nassau-Weilburg, formally left the Holy Roman Empire and joined in the <a href="/wiki/Confederation_of_the_Rhine" title="Confederation of the Rhine">Confederation of the Rhine</a>. Napoleon was its "protector". Under pressure from Napoleon, both counties merged to form the <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Duchy of Nassau</a> on 30 August 1806. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg/250px-Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg/330px-Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg/500px-Wiesbaden_Waterloo_Memorian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a><figcaption>Memorial for <a href="/wiki/Duchy_of_Nassau" title="Duchy of Nassau">Nassauers</a> fallen at the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Waterloo" title="Battle of Waterloo">Battle of Waterloo</a></figcaption></figure><p>At the 1815 <a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Vienna" title="Congress of Vienna">Congress of Vienna</a>, the Duchy of Nassau joined the <a href="/wiki/German_Confederation" title="German Confederation">German Confederation</a>. The capital of Nassau was moved from Weilburg to Wiesbaden, and the city became the ducal residence. Building activity started to give the city a magnificent appearance. Most of the historical center of Wiesbaden dates back to this time. </p><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg/220px-Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg/330px-Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg/440px-Wiesbaden_Innenstadt.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1280" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Marktkirche,_Wiesbaden" title="Marktkirche, Wiesbaden">Marktkirche</a>, designed by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Boos" title="Carl Boos">Carl Boos</a>: Its neo-Gothic steeple dominates the <a href="/wiki/Pentagon_(Wiesbaden)" title="Pentagon (Wiesbaden)">Historical Pentagon</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>In the <a href="/wiki/Revolutions_of_1848" title="Revolutions of 1848">Revolutions of 1848</a>, 30,000 citizens of Nassau assembled in Wiesbaden on 4 March. They demanded a constitution from the Duke, which they received. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Austro-Prussian_War" title="Austro-Prussian War">Austro-Prussian War</a> of 1866, Nassau took Austria's side. This decision led to the end of the duchy. After the Austrian defeat, Nassau was annexed by <a href="/wiki/Prussia" title="Prussia">Prussia</a> and became part of the Prussian <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Hesse-Nassau" title="Province of Hesse-Nassau">province of Hesse-Nassau</a>. The deposed duke <a href="/wiki/Adolphe,_Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg" title="Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg">Adolph of Nassau</a> in 1890 became the <a href="/wiki/Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg" class="mw-redirect" title="Grand Duke of Luxembourg">Grand Duke of Luxembourg</a> (see <a href="/wiki/House_of_Nassau" title="House of Nassau">House of Nassau</a>). This turned out to be a fortunate change for the city, as it then became an international spa town. A rise in construction commenced after the aristocracy followed the lead of the Hohenzollern emperors, who began annual trips to Wiesbaden.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The period around the turn of the 20th century is regarded as the heyday of the city. <a href="/wiki/Kaiser_Wilhelm_II" class="mw-redirect" title="Kaiser Wilhelm II">Kaiser Wilhelm II</a> visited the city regularly in summer, such that it became an unofficial "summer residence". The city was also popular among the Russian nobility. In the wake of the imperial court, numerous nobles, artists, and wealthy businessmen increasingly settled in the city. Many wealthy persons chose Wiesbaden as their retirement seat, as it offered leisure and medical treatment alike. In the latter part of the 19th century, Wiesbaden became the German city with the most millionaires.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1894, the present Hessian State Theater, designed by the Vienna architects Fellner and Helmer, was built on behalf of Kaiser Wilhelm II. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Weimar_Republic_and_Third_Reich_(1919_to_1945)"><span id="Weimar_Republic_and_Third_Reich_.281919_to_1945.29"></span>Weimar Republic and Third Reich (1919 to 1945)</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Weimar Republic and Third Reich (1919 to 1945)"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After World War I, Wiesbaden fell under the Allied occupation of the Rhineland and was occupied by the French army in 1918. In 1921, the Wiesbaden Agreement on German reparations to France was signed in the city. In 1925, Wiesbaden became the headquarters of the <a href="/wiki/British_Army_of_the_Rhine" title="British Army of the Rhine">British Army of the Rhine</a> until the withdrawal of occupying forces from the Rhineland in 1930. </p><p>In 1929, an airport was constructed in Erbenheim on the site of a horse-racing track. In 1936, <a href="/wiki/Jagdgeschwader_53" title="Jagdgeschwader 53">Fighter Squadron 53</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Luftwaffe" title="Luftwaffe">Luftwaffe</a> was stationed here. </p><p>In the <a href="/wiki/Kristallnacht" title="Kristallnacht">Kristallnacht</a> pogrom on 10 November 1938, Wiesbaden's large synagogue on Michelsberg was destroyed. The synagogue had been designed by Phillip Hoffmann and built in 1869. Another synagogue in <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Bierstadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Bierstadt">Wiesbaden-Bierstadt</a> was also destroyed. When the Nazis came to power in Germany, there were 2,700 Jews living in Wiesbaden. By June 1942 nearly all of them had been deported to the <a href="/wiki/Extermination_camps" class="mw-redirect" title="Extermination camps">extermination camps</a> in <a href="/wiki/Occupation_of_Poland_(1939%E2%80%931945)" title="Occupation of Poland (1939–1945)">German-occupied Poland</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>General <a href="/wiki/Ludwig_Beck" title="Ludwig Beck">Ludwig Beck</a> from Wiesbaden was one of the planners of the <a href="/wiki/20_July_plot" title="20 July plot">20 July 1944 assassination attempt</a> of <a href="/wiki/Adolf_Hitler" title="Adolf Hitler">Adolf Hitler</a>. Beck was designated by his fellow conspirators to be future Head of State (Regent) after elimination of Hitler. The plot failed, however, and Beck was forced to commit suicide. Today, the city annually awards the Ludwig Beck prize for civil courage in his honor. </p><p>Lutheran pastor and theologian <a href="/wiki/Martin_Niem%C3%B6ller" title="Martin Niemöller">Martin Niemöller</a>, founder of the <a href="/wiki/Confessing_Church" title="Confessing Church">Confessing Church</a> resistance movement against the Nazis, is an Honorary Citizen of Wiesbaden. He presented his last sermon before his arrest in Wiesbaden's Market Church. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="World_War_II">World War II</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: World War II"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In World War II, Wiesbaden was the headquarters for Germany's <a href="/wiki/Wehrkreis_XII" class="mw-redirect" title="Wehrkreis XII">Wehrkreis XII</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This military district included the <a href="/wiki/Eifel" title="Eifel">Eifel</a>, part of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Palatinate_(region)" title="Palatinate (region)">Palatinate</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a>. After the <a href="/wiki/Battle_of_France" title="Battle of France">Battle of France</a>, this <i>Wehrkreis</i> was extended to include <a href="/wiki/Lorraine_(region)" class="mw-redirect" title="Lorraine (region)">Lorraine</a>, including <a href="/wiki/Nancy,_France" title="Nancy, France">Nancy</a>, and the Grand Duchy of <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>. The commander was <i>General der Infanterie</i> <a href="/wiki/Walther_Schroth" title="Walther Schroth">Walther Schroth</a>. </p><p><i>Wehrkreis</i> XII was made up of three subordinate regions: <i>Bereich Hauptsitze</i> <a href="/wiki/Koblenz" title="Koblenz">Koblenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> and <a href="/wiki/Metz" title="Metz">Metz</a>. </p> <ul><li><i>Bereich Hauptsitz</i> Koblenz was the headquarters for 12 <i>Unterregion-Hauptsitze</i>, namely <a href="/wiki/Trier" title="Trier">Trier</a> I, Trier II, <a href="/wiki/Koblenz" title="Koblenz">Koblenz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuwied" title="Neuwied">Neuwied</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kreuznach" class="mw-redirect" title="Kreuznach">Kreuznach</a>, Wiesbaden, <a href="/wiki/Limburg_an_der_Lahn" title="Limburg an der Lahn">Limburg an der Lahn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lahn" title="Lahn">Lahn</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Worms,_Germany" title="Worms, Germany">Worms</a>, <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Luxembourg" title="Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a>.</li> <li><i>Bereich Hauptsitz</i> Mannheim was the headquarters for 10 <i>Unterregion-Hauptsitze</i>, namely <a href="/wiki/Saarlautern" class="mw-redirect" title="Saarlautern">Saarlautern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a>, <a href="/wiki/St._Wendel" class="mw-redirect" title="St. Wendel">St. Wendel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Zweibr%C3%BCcken" title="Zweibrücken">Zweibrücken</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaiserslautern" title="Kaiserslautern">Kaiserslautern</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neustadt_an_der_Weinstra%C3%9Fe" title="Neustadt an der Weinstraße">Neustadt an der Weinstraße</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ludwigshafen" title="Ludwigshafen">Ludwigshafen</a> (Rhein), <a href="/wiki/Mannheim" title="Mannheim">Mannheim</a> I, Mannheim II, and <a href="/wiki/Heidelberg" title="Heidelberg">Heidelberg</a>.</li> <li><i>Bereich Hauptsitz</i> Metz was the headquarters for <i>Unterregion-Hauptsitze</i> <a href="/wiki/Metz" title="Metz">Metz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Diedenhofen" class="mw-redirect" title="Diedenhofen">Diedenhofen</a> (Thionville), and <a href="/wiki/Saint-Avold" title="Saint-Avold">Saint-Avold</a>.</li></ul> <p>During the war, Wiesbaden was, between August 1940 and the end of 1942, bombed by the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Air_Force" title="Royal Air Force">Royal Air Force</a> and from 1943 through to March 1945, was attacked by both RAF and United States Air Force bombers on 66 days. In the attacks, about 18% of the city's homes were destroyed. During the war, more than 25% of the city's buildings were damaged or worse and 1,700 people were killed.<sup id="cite_ref-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wiesbaden was the location of a camp for <a href="/wiki/Sinti" title="Sinti">Sinti</a> and <a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani people</a> (see <i><a href="/wiki/Romani_Holocaust" title="Romani Holocaust">Romani Holocaust</a></i>),<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and two subcamps of the <a href="/wiki/Hinzert_concentration_camp" title="Hinzert concentration camp">Hinzert concentration camp</a>, mostly for Luxembourgish prisoners.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Wiesbaden was captured by U.S. Army forces on 28 March 1945. The U.S. 317th Infantry Regiment attacked in assault boats across the Rhine from Mainz while the 319th Infantry attacked across the river Main near <a href="/wiki/Hochheim_am_Main" title="Hochheim am Main">Hochheim am Main</a>. The attack started at 01:00 and by early afternoon the two forces of the <a href="/wiki/80th_Division_(United_States)" title="80th Division (United States)">80th U.S. Infantry Division</a> had linked up with the loss of only three dead and three missing. The Americans captured 900 German soldiers and a warehouse full of 4,000 cases of champagne.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>After the war's end, American rock artist <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a> was stationed in Friedberg and often visited Wiesbaden.<sup id="cite_ref-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cold_War_and_contemporary_history">Cold War and contemporary history</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Cold War and contemporary history"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>After World War II, the state of Hesse was established (see <a href="/wiki/Greater_Hesse" title="Greater Hesse">Greater Hesse</a>), and Wiesbaden became its capital, though nearby <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt am Main</a> is much larger and works as Hesse's economic and financial centre. Wiesbaden however suffered much less than Frankfurt from air bombing. There is a persistent rumour that the U.S. Army Air Force spared the town with the intention of turning it into a postwar HQ, but USAAF sources claim this to be a myth, arguing that Wiesbaden's economic and strategic importance simply did not justify more bombing.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2009)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> Wiesbaden was host to the Headquarters, U.S. Air Forces, Europe based at the former <a href="/wiki/Europaviertel_(Wiesbaden)" title="Europaviertel (Wiesbaden)">Lindsey Air Station</a> from 1953 to 1973. </p><p><a href="/wiki/American_armed_forces" class="mw-redirect" title="American armed forces">American armed forces</a> have been present in Wiesbaden since World War II. The <a href="/wiki/U.S._1st_Armored_Division" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. 1st Armored Division">U.S. 1st Armored Division</a> was headquartered at the <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden_Army_Airfield" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden Army Airfield">Wiesbaden Army Airfield</a>, just off the <a href="/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn">autobahn</a> toward Frankfurt, until the Division completed relocation to Fort Bliss, Texas, in 2011. Wiesbaden is now home to the <a href="/wiki/U.S._Army_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="U.S. Army Europe">U.S. Army Europe</a> Headquarters and the General <a href="/wiki/John_Shalikashvili" title="John Shalikashvili">John Shalikashvili</a> Mission Command Center.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1962, the American artists <a href="/wiki/George_Maciunas" title="George Maciunas">George Maciunas</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dick_Higgins" title="Dick Higgins">Dick Higgins</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alison_Knowles" title="Alison Knowles">Alison Knowles</a> traveled to Europe to promote a planned "<a href="/wiki/Fluxus" title="Fluxus">Fluxus</a>" publication with concerts of antique musical instruments, the “Fluxus Internationale Festspiele Neuester Music” (Fluxus International Festival of Newest Music) at the Museum Wiesbaden. Fourteen concerts were performed on four weekends between 1 and 23 September which marked the beginning of the Fluxus movement. Work by musicians such as <a href="/wiki/John_Cage" title="John Cage">John Cage</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gy%C3%B6rgy_Ligeti" title="György Ligeti">György Ligeti</a>, <a href="/wiki/Krzysztof_Penderecki" title="Krzysztof Penderecki">Krzysztof Penderecki</a>, <a href="/wiki/Terry_Riley" title="Terry Riley">Terry Riley</a>, <a href="/wiki/Brion_Gysin" title="Brion Gysin">Brion Gysin</a> and others were performed alongside new performance pieces written by Higgins, Knowles, <a href="/wiki/George_Brecht" title="George Brecht">George Brecht</a>, <a href="/wiki/Nam_June_Paik" title="Nam June Paik">Nam June Paik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Patterson" title="Ben Patterson">Ben Patterson</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Filliou" title="Robert Filliou">Robert Filliou</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emmett_Williams" title="Emmett Williams">Emmett Williams</a>, and others. One performance in particular, "Piano Activities" by <a href="/wiki/Philip_Corner" title="Philip Corner">Philip Corner</a>, became notorious by challenging the important status of the piano in post-war German homes.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bathing_and_gambling">Bathing and gambling</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Bathing and gambling"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden has long been famous for its thermal springs and spa. Use of the thermal springs was first documented by the Romans. The business of spring bathing became important for Wiesbaden near the end of the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">Middle Ages</a>. By 1370, 16 bath houses were in operation. By 1800, the city had 2,239 inhabitants and 23 bath houses. </p><p>By 1900, Wiesbaden, with a population of 86,100, hosted 126,000 visitors annually. Famous visitors to the springs included <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky" title="Fyodor Dostoevsky">Fyodor Dostoevsky</a>, <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>, <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Johannes Brahms</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Henrik_Pontoppidan" title="Henrik Pontoppidan">Henrik Pontoppidan</a>. In those years, more millionaires were living in Wiesbaden than in any other city in Germany. </p><p>Gambling followed bathing <i>en suite</i>, and in the 19th century, Wiesbaden was famous for both. Its casino (<i>Spielbank</i>) rivalled those of <a href="/wiki/Bad_Homburg" title="Bad Homburg">Bad Homburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baden-Baden" title="Baden-Baden">Baden-Baden</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a>. In 1872, the Prussian-dominated imperial government closed down all German gambling houses. The Wiesbaden casino was reopened in 1949. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Main_sights">Main sights</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Main sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="thumb tnone" style="margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto;overflow:hidden;width:auto;max-width:1290px"><div class="thumbinner"><div class="noresize thumbimage" style="overflow:auto"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="A panorama of Wiesbaden from the Neroberg"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg/1280px-MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg" decoding="async" width="1280" height="218" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg/1920px-MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ac/MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg/2560px-MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6347" data-file-height="1080" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><div class="magnify"><a href="/wiki/File:MK_36878-82_Wiesbaden_vom_Neroberg.jpg" title="File:MK 36878-82 Wiesbaden vom Neroberg.jpg"> </a></div>A panorama of Wiesbaden from the <a href="/wiki/Neroberg" title="Neroberg">Neroberg</a></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="The_Palace_Square">The Palace Square</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: The Palace Square"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/225px-Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="163" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/338px-Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/450px-Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1394" /></a><figcaption>The former Ducal Palace</figcaption></figure><p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Schlo%C3%9Fplatz_(Wiesbaden)" title="Schloßplatz (Wiesbaden)">Schloßplatz</a></i> ("palace square") is situated in the center of the city, surrounded by several outstanding buildings. The <a href="/wiki/Stadtschloss,_Wiesbaden" class="mw-redirect" title="Stadtschloss, Wiesbaden">ducal palace</a> was begun under <a href="/wiki/William,_Duke_of_Nassau" title="William, Duke of Nassau">William, Duke of Nassau</a>. Its foundations were laid in 1837 and it was completed in November 1841 (two years after William's death). For the twenty-six remaining years of ducal authority it was the residence of the ruling family. It later served as a secondary residence for the King of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Prussia</a> 1866 to 1918. It was later used as a headquarters for French and British occupying forces after World War I, then as a museum. </p><p>Since 1945, the building has served as <a href="/wiki/Hessian_Landtag" class="mw-redirect" title="Hessian Landtag">Landtag</a> (parliamentary building) for the state of Hesse. The site of the palace had been that of a castle, probably from the early Middle Ages, around which the city had developed. While nothing is known of the former castle, remains of it were uncovered during excavations after World War II. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden,_1893.tif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden%2C_1893.tif/lossy-page1-220px-Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden%2C_1893.tif.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden%2C_1893.tif/lossy-page1-330px-Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden%2C_1893.tif.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden%2C_1893.tif/lossy-page1-440px-Altes_Rathaus_-_Wiesbaden%2C_1893.tif.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3860" data-file-height="2588" /></a><figcaption>New Town Hall, picture taken 1893</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg/250px-MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg/330px-MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg/500px-MK10960_Marktstra%C3%9Fe_16_Altes_Rathaus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2539" data-file-height="1693" /></a><figcaption>Old Town Hall</figcaption></figure> <p>The new town hall was built in 1887. A tile mosaic in front of the town hall shows the <a href="/wiki/Heraldic_beast" class="mw-redirect" title="Heraldic beast">heraldic eagle</a> of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Prussia" title="Kingdom of Prussia">Kingdom of Prussia</a> (of which Wiesbaden was a part at the time), the <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> of the Prussian <a href="/wiki/Province_of_Hesse-Nassau" title="Province of Hesse-Nassau">Province of Hesse-Nassau</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleur-de-lis</a> of Wiesbaden. The old town hall, built in 1610, is the oldest preserved building in the city center and now is used as a civil registry office. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Marktkirche,_Wiesbaden" title="Marktkirche, Wiesbaden">Marktkirche</a></i> ("market church") was built from 1852 to 1862 in a <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">neo-Gothic</a> style. Its western steeple is 92 metres (302 feet) in height, making the church the highest building in the city. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Kurhaus_and_Theater">Kurhaus and Theater</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Kurhaus and Theater"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg/220px-Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg/330px-Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg/440px-Kurhaus_Wiesbaden_blaue_Stunde_290-L4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1616" data-file-height="1078" /></a><figcaption>Kurhaus with Fountain on the Bowling Green</figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Kurhaus,_Wiesbaden" title="Kurhaus, Wiesbaden">Kurhaus, Wiesbaden</a>; <a href="/wiki/Hessisches_Staatstheater_Wiesbaden" title="Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden">Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Bowling_Green,_Wiesbaden" title="Bowling Green, Wiesbaden">Bowling Green, Wiesbaden</a></div> <p>The monumental <a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neo-Classical</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Kurhaus,_Wiesbaden" title="Kurhaus, Wiesbaden">Kurhaus</a></i> ("spa house") was built at the request of Kaiser <a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_II_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="Wilhelm II of Germany">Wilhelm II</a> between 1904 and 1907. Its famous <i>Spielbank</i> (casino) is again in operation. </p><p>In front of the Kurhaus is a lawn known as the Bowling Green. To one side of the Bowling Green is the Kurhaus Kolonnade. Built in 1827, the 129 meter structure is the longest hall in Europe supported by pillars. To the other side is the Theater Kolonnade, built in 1839. It is adjacent to the <a href="/wiki/Hessisches_Staatstheater_Wiesbaden" title="Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden">Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden</a>, built between 1892 and 1894. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St._Bonifatius">St. Bonifatius</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: St. Bonifatius"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/St._Bonifatius,_Wiesbaden" title="St. Bonifatius, Wiesbaden">St. Bonifatius, Wiesbaden</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/St._Bonifatius,_Wiesbaden" title="St. Bonifatius, Wiesbaden">St. Bonifatius</a>, the first church for the Catholic community after the <a href="/wiki/Protestant_Reformation" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant Reformation">Reformation</a>, was built from 1845 until 1849 by Philipp Hoffmann in <a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic Revival style</a> and dedicated to <a href="/wiki/Saint_Boniface" title="Saint Boniface">Saint Boniface</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="St._Elizabeth's_Church"><span id="St._Elizabeth.27s_Church"></span>St. Elizabeth's Church</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: St. Elizabeth's Church"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Russian Orthodox <a href="/wiki/St._Elizabeth%27s_Church,_Wiesbaden" title="St. Elizabeth's Church, Wiesbaden">Church of Saint Elizabeth</a>, called <i>Griechische Kapelle</i> (Greek chapel) locally, was built on the <a href="/wiki/Neroberg" title="Neroberg">Neroberg</a> from 1847 to 1855 by Duke Adolf of Nassau on the occasion of the early death of his wife <a href="/wiki/Elizabeth_Mikhailovna" class="mw-redirect" title="Elizabeth Mikhailovna">Elizabeth Mikhailovna</a>, who died in childbirth. The architect was again Philipp Hoffmann. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_sights">Other sights</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Other sights"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Another building from the regency of Duke Wilhelm is the Luisenplatz, a square named for the Duke's first wife. It is surrounded by <a href="/wiki/Neoclassicism" title="Neoclassicism">Neoclassicist</a> buildings, and in the middle of the square is the <a href="/wiki/Waterloo_Battle" class="mw-redirect" title="Waterloo Battle">Waterloo</a> <a href="/wiki/Obelisk" title="Obelisk">Obelisk</a>, commemorating the 683 Nassauers who died on 18 June 1815 near <a href="/wiki/Hougoumont" title="Hougoumont">Hougoumont</a> Farm in the respective battle against <a href="/wiki/Napoleon_I_of_France" class="mw-redirect" title="Napoleon I of France">Napoleon</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Apart from the palace in the center, the ducal family had a large palace on the banks of the Rhine, known as <a href="/wiki/Schloss_Biebrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Schloss Biebrich">Schloss Biebrich</a>. This <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">baroque building</a> was erected in the first half of the 18th century. </p><p>North of the city is the <a href="/wiki/Neroberg" title="Neroberg">Neroberg</a>. From the top of this hill it is possible to view a panorama of the city. The <a href="/wiki/Nerobergbahn" title="Nerobergbahn">Nerobergbahn</a> <a href="/wiki/Funicular" title="Funicular">funicular railway</a> connects the city with the hill. South of it, the <a href="/wiki/Nerotalanlagen" title="Nerotalanlagen">Nerotalanlagen</a> are a park along a creek, created in 1897/98 as an <a href="/wiki/English_landscape_garden" title="English landscape garden">English landscape garden</a>. </p><p>One of the three Hessian state museums, <a href="/wiki/Museum_Wiesbaden" title="Museum Wiesbaden">Museum Wiesbaden</a> is located in Wiesbaden. </p><p>Other churches are the <a href="/wiki/Bergkirche,_Wiesbaden" title="Bergkirche, Wiesbaden">Bergkirche</a>, completed in 1879 in Gothic Revival style, and the <a href="/wiki/Lutherkirche,_Wiesbaden" title="Lutherkirche, Wiesbaden">Lutherkirche</a>, finished in 1910 in <a href="/wiki/Jugendstil" title="Jugendstil">Jugendstil</a>. The church <a href="/wiki/Mari%C3%A4_Heimsuchung,_Wiesbaden" title="Mariä Heimsuchung, Wiesbaden">Mariä Heimsuchung</a> is a tall concrete landmark in the Kohlheck suburb. </p><p>Oriental Christianity is also represented with the St. Isaiah <a href="/wiki/Syriac_Orthodox_Church" title="Syriac Orthodox Church">Syriac Orthodox Church</a> on the Willi-Juppe-Straße in Dotzheim, built in 2016 by <a href="/wiki/Assyrian_people" title="Assyrian people">Assyrians</a>. </p><p>The Warmer Damm park is a 4.5-hectare park on the east side of Wilhelmstrasse and south of the State theater and Kurhaus which features a lake, a fountain, various statues, and large grassy areas. The park was created in 1859–1860 and is named after the medieval fortifications around a pond into which the warm waters of the town's 26 warm springs flowed.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gallery">Gallery</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Gallery"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Biebrich Palace"><img alt="Biebrich Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg/200px-Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg/300px-Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg/400px-Wiesbaden-biebrich-schloss.jpg 2x" data-file-width="781" data-file-height="585" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Biebrich Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="City Palace"><img alt="City Palace" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/143px-Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/214px-Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/03/Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg/286px-Hessischer_Landtag_Stadtschloss_Wiesbaden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1451" data-file-height="2031" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">City Palace</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nerobergbahn funicular"><img alt="Nerobergbahn funicular" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg/200px-Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg/300px-Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg/400px-Wiesbaden_Nerobergbahn_2010-05-01_17.08.21.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4256" data-file-height="2832" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nerobergbahn funicular</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Griechische Kapelle"><img alt="Griechische Kapelle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg/143px-Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg" decoding="async" width="143" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg/214px-Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg/286px-Russ_Orth_Kirche_Wiesbaden_865-h.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1157" data-file-height="1619" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><i>Griechische Kapelle</i></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Nerotalanlagen,_south.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Nerotalanlagen"><img alt="Nerotalanlagen" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nerotalanlagen%2C_south.jpg/200px-Nerotalanlagen%2C_south.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="150" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nerotalanlagen%2C_south.jpg/300px-Nerotalanlagen%2C_south.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Nerotalanlagen%2C_south.jpg/400px-Nerotalanlagen%2C_south.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4000" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Nerotalanlagen</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbad1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Marktkirche"><img alt="Marktkirche" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Wiesbad1.jpg/250px-Wiesbad1.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/2/2d/Wiesbad1.jpg/330px-Wiesbad1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Marktkirche</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm,_Wiesbaden,_Germany.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Warmer Damm"><img alt="Warmer Damm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.JPG/200px-Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.JPG/300px-Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.JPG/400px-Marktkirche_seen_from_the_Warmer_Damm%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1068" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Warmer Damm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Warmer Damm"><img alt="Warmer Damm" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG/250px-Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="133" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG/330px-Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG/500px-Warmer_Damm_Pond_and_Fountain.JPG 2x" data-file-width="5847" data-file-height="3888" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Warmer Damm</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 235px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 230px; height: 230px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:St._Bonifatius_Church,_Wiesbaden,_Germany.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="St. Bonifatius"><img alt="St. Bonifatius" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/St._Bonifatius_Church%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.jpg/200px-St._Bonifatius_Church%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/St._Bonifatius_Church%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.jpg/300px-St._Bonifatius_Church%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/St._Bonifatius_Church%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.jpg/400px-St._Bonifatius_Church%2C_Wiesbaden%2C_Germany.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4272" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">St. Bonifatius</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Boroughs_of_Wiesbaden">Boroughs of Wiesbaden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Boroughs of Wiesbaden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The city of Wiesbaden is divided into 26 boroughs: five in the central city and 21 suburban districts. The 21 suburban districts were incorporated in four phases from 1926 to 1977. The former Mainz suburbs on the right bank of river Rhine viz. Amöneburg, Kastel and Kostheim have belonged to Wiesbaden since 1945. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_subdivisions_(colored_scheme).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiesbaden_subdivisions_%28colored_scheme%29.svg/400px-Wiesbaden_subdivisions_%28colored_scheme%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="360" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiesbaden_subdivisions_%28colored_scheme%29.svg/600px-Wiesbaden_subdivisions_%28colored_scheme%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiesbaden_subdivisions_%28colored_scheme%29.svg/800px-Wiesbaden_subdivisions_%28colored_scheme%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1126" data-file-height="1014" /></a><figcaption>Boroughs of Wiesbaden</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Inner_boroughs">Inner boroughs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Inner boroughs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable zebra"> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <th>Borough</th> <th>Area</th> <th>Population</th> <th>Density</th> <th>Purchasing power <br /> per inhabitant</th> <th>Map </th></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Mitte" title="Wiesbaden-Mitte">Mitte</a><sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1.53 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>20,797 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>13,593 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€19,707 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Mitte.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Nordost" title="Wiesbaden-Nordost">Nordost</a><sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>19.44 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>22,621 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,163 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€21,709 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b5/Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordost.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Rheingauviertel" title="Wiesbaden-Rheingauviertel">Rheingauviertel</a><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2.47 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>19,802 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8,017 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€17,461 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Rheingauviertel.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-S%C3%BCdost" title="Wiesbaden-Südost">Südost</a><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>6.62 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>18,835 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,845 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€24,370 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_S%C3%BCdost.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Westend" title="Wiesbaden-Westend">Westend</a><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>0.67 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>16,528 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>24,669 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€19,047 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Westend.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Suburban_boroughs">Suburban boroughs</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Suburban boroughs"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable sortable zebra"> <tbody><tr class="hintergrundfarbe5"> <th>Borough</th> <th>Area</th> <th>Population</th> <th>Density</th> <th>Purchasing power <br /> per inh.</th> <th>Incorporated since</th> <th>Map </th></tr> <tr> <td>Auringen<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3.12 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3,399 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,079 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€22,114 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 January 1977 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Auringen.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Biebrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Biebrich">Biebrich</a><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>12.99 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>36,896 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,840 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€18,779 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>28 October 1926 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Biebrich.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Bierstadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Bierstadt">Bierstadt</a><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9.22 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>12,109 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,313 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€22,807 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Bierstadt.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Breckenheim" title="Wiesbaden-Breckenheim">Breckenheim</a><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>6.53 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3,375 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>517 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€22,074 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 January 1977 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Breckenheim.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Delkenheim<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>7.43 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>4,938 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>665 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€20,908 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 January 1977 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e6/Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Delkenheim.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Dotzheim" title="Wiesbaden-Dotzheim">Dotzheim</a><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>18.27 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>26,234 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,436 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€18,793 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Dotzheim.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Erbenheim" title="Wiesbaden-Erbenheim">Erbenheim</a><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>11.27 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9,258 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>821 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€19,357 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Erbenheim.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Frauenstein" title="Wiesbaden-Frauenstein">Frauenstein</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>10.65 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,359 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>222 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€19,365 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Frauenstein.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-He%C3%9Floch" title="Wiesbaden-Heßloch">Heßloch</a><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1.54 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>695 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>451 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€24,525 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_He%C3%9Floch.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Igstadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Igstadt">Igstadt</a><sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>7.26 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,090 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>288 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€21,869 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Igstadt.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Klarenthal" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Klarenthal">Klarenthal</a><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>6.13 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>10,280 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,677 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€18,103 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 September 1964 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Klarenthal.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Kloppenheim" title="Wiesbaden-Kloppenheim">Kloppenheim</a><sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>5.39 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,301 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>427 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€21,592 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kloppenheim.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mainz-Am%C3%B6neburg" title="Mainz-Amöneburg">Mainz-Amöneburg</a><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>3.71 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,444 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>389 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€17,267 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>25 July 1945 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Am%C3%B6neburg.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kastel" title="Mainz-Kastel">Mainz-Kastel</a><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9.51 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>12,021 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,264 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€19,874 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>25 July 1945 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kastel.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kostheim" title="Mainz-Kostheim">Mainz-Kostheim</a><sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9.53 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>13,935 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,462 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€18,623 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>25 July 1945 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Kostheim.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Medenbach<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>4.74 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,501 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>560 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€21,170 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 January 1977 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Medenbach.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Naurod<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>10.99 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>4,414 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>402 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€21,865 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 January 1977 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Naurod.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Nordenstadt" title="Wiesbaden-Nordenstadt">Nordenstadt</a><sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>7.73 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>7,896 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,021 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€21,503 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 January 1977 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Nordenstadt.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Rambach<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9.92 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>2,175 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>219 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€24,902 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1 April 1928 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/15/Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG/80px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Rambach.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Schierstein" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Schierstein">Schierstein</a><sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>9.43 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>10,129 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>1,074 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€19,938 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>28 October 1926 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Schierstein.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Sonnenberg" title="Wiesbaden-Sonnenberg">Sonnenberg</a><sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>8.34 km<sup>2</sup> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>7,972 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>956 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>€27,701 </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><span aria-hidden="true" style="visibility:hidden;color:transparent;">0</span>28 October 1926 </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG/40px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG/60px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG/120px-Wiesbaden_Karte_Sonnenberg.PNG 2x" data-file-width="1001" data-file-height="945" /></a></span> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg/250px-Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="110" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg/330px-Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg/500px-Einwohnerentwicklung_von_Wiesbaden.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></a><figcaption>Population development since 1524</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1521</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">192</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1699</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">730</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+280.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1722</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,329</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+82.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1800</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">2,239</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+68.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1840</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">11,648</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+420.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1861</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">20,800</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+78.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1871</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">35,500</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+70.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1880</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">50,238</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+41.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1890</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">64,670</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+28.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1900</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">86,111</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+33.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1905</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">100,953</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1910</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">109,002</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+8.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1917</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">86,555</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−20.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1925</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">102,737</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+18.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1933</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">159,755</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+55.5%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1939</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">170,354</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+6.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1946</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">188,370</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+10.6%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1950</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">220,741</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+17.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1956</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">244,994</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+11.0%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1961</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">253,280</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+3.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1965</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">260,331</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+2.8%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1970</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">250,122</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−3.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1980</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">274,464</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1987</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">251,871</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−8.2%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">1990</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">260,301</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px;border-bottom:1px solid #bbbbbb">+3.3%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2001</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">271,076</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+4.1%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2011</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">269,121</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">−0.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2022</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">284,260</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+5.6%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Population size may be affected by changes in administrative divisions.</td></tr></tbody></table> <p>Wiesbaden has a population of about 280,000. In 1946, when Wiesbaden became the capital of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> state, it had a population of about 188,000. At that time, Wiesbaden was a part of <a href="/wiki/American-occupied_zone_of_Germany" class="mw-redirect" title="American-occupied zone of Germany">American occupied zone</a> and parts of the city of <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, which was the right side on the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> river, became a part of Wiesbaden. In 1950s many Americans came to Wiesbaden due to its jobs by military bases. Many people who work in <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a> live in Wiesbaden due to its high rent of the city. Wiesbaden is one of the most international cities in Germany with people from over 180 countries. </p><p>List of largest groups of foreign residents of Wiesbaden:<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th style="background:#efefef;">Rank </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Nationality </th> <th style="background:#efefef;">Population (2022) </th></tr> <tr> <td>1</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></td> <td>9,351 </td></tr> <tr> <td>2</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland">Poland</a></td> <td>4,648 </td></tr> <tr> <td>3</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/23px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/35px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/03/Flag_of_Italy.svg/45px-Flag_of_Italy.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></td> <td>4,089 </td></tr> <tr> <td>4</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine">Ukraine</a></td> <td>3,678 </td></tr> <tr> <td>5</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/23px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/35px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/73/Flag_of_Romania.svg/45px-Flag_of_Romania.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Romania" title="Romania">Romania</a></td> <td>3,265 </td></tr> <tr> <td>6</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bulgaria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bulgaria" title="Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></td> <td>2,843 </td></tr> <tr> <td>7</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/23px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/35px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Greece.svg/45px-Flag_of_Greece.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Greece" title="Greece">Greece</a></td> <td>2,774 </td></tr> <tr> <td>8</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/40px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/14/Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg/60px-Flag_of_the_Syrian_revolution.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></td> <td>2,495 </td></tr> <tr> <td>9</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/40px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/Flag_of_Croatia.svg/60px-Flag_of_Croatia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Croatia" title="Croatia">Croatia</a></td> <td>1,947 </td></tr> <tr> <td>10</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Flag_of_Serbia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Serbia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1350" data-file-height="900" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Serbia" title="Serbia">Serbia</a></td> <td>1,815 </td></tr> <tr> <td>11</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/23px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/35px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2c/Flag_of_Morocco.svg/45px-Flag_of_Morocco.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Morocco" title="Morocco">Morocco</a></td> <td>1,801 </td></tr> <tr> <td>12</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></td> <td>1,523 </td></tr> <tr> <td>13</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">USA</a></td> <td>1,333 </td></tr> <tr> <td>14</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_Taliban.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></td> <td>1,245 </td></tr> <tr> <td>15</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/23px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/35px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Portugal.svg/45px-Flag_of_Portugal.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></td> <td>1,240 </td></tr> <tr> <td>16</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f3/Flag_of_Russia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Russia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></td> <td>1,143 </td></tr> <tr> <td>17</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/23px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/35px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg/46px-Flag_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></td> <td>1,138 </td></tr> <tr> <td>18</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/23px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/35px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/Flag_of_Iran.svg/46px-Flag_of_Iran.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="630" data-file-height="360" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Iran" title="Iran">Iran</a></td> <td>820 </td></tr> <tr> <td>19</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/France" title="France">France</a></td> <td>774 </td></tr> <tr> <td>20</td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a></td> <td>713 </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Politics">Politics</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Politics"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mayor">Mayor</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Mayor"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_(2nd_round).svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_%282nd_round%29.svg/250px-2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_%282nd_round%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_%282nd_round%29.svg/375px-2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_%282nd_round%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4d/2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_%282nd_round%29.svg/500px-2019_Wiesbaden_mayoral_election_%282nd_round%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1126" data-file-height="1014" /></a><figcaption>Results of the second round of the 2019 mayoral election</figcaption></figure> <p>The current mayor of Wiesbaden is Gert-Uwe Mende of the <a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> (SPD), who was elected in 2019. </p><p>The most recent mayoral election was held on 26 May 2019, with a runoff held on 16 June, and the results were as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th rowspan="2" colspan="2">Candidate </th> <th rowspan="2">Party </th> <th colspan="2">First round </th> <th colspan="2">Second round </th></tr> <tr> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#E3000F"> </td> <td align="left">Gert-Uwe Mende </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> </td> <td>29,940 </td> <td>27.1 </td> <td>41,000 </td> <td>62.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#151518"> </td> <td align="left">Eberhard Seidensticker </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">Christian Democratic Union</a> </td> <td>26,997 </td> <td>24.5 </td> <td>25,104 </td> <td>38.0 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#409A3C"> </td> <td align="left">Christiane Hinninger </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Alliance 90/The Greens</a> </td> <td>25,849 </td> <td>23.4 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFED00"> </td> <td align="left">Sebastian Rutten </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a> </td> <td>11,590 </td> <td>10.5 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#00A2DE"> </td> <td align="left">Eckhard Müller </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> </td> <td>6,859 </td> <td>6.2 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#BE3075"> </td> <td align="left">Ingo von Seemen </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">The Left</a> </td> <td>5,336 </td> <td>4.8 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#F7A800"> </td> <td align="left">Christian Bachmann </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Free_Voters" title="Free Voters">Free Voters</a> </td> <td>3,812 </td> <td>3.5 </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Valid votes </th> <th>110,383 </th> <th>98.9 </th> <th>66,104 </th> <th>98.6 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Invalid votes </th> <th>1,202 </th> <th>1.1 </th> <th>937 </th> <th>1.4 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Total </th> <th>111,585 </th> <th>100.0 </th> <th>67,041 </th> <th>100.0 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Electorate/voter turnout </th> <th>208,686 </th> <th>53.5 </th> <th>208,821 </th> <th>32.1 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="7">Source: City of Wiesbaden (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929142851/https://wahlergebnisse.wiesbaden.de/a-web/_wahl/ob2019-obz/index.html">1st round</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200929143225/https://wahlergebnisse.wiesbaden.de/a-web/_wahl/ob2019s-obz/index.html">2nd round</a>) </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The following is a list of mayors since 1945:<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>b<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul><li>1849–1868: Heinrich Fischer</li> <li>1868–1882: Wilhelm Lanz</li> <li>1882–1883: Christian Schlichter</li> <li>1883–1913: Carl Bernhard von Ibell</li> <li>1913–1919: Karl Glässing</li> <li>1919–1929: Fritz Travers</li> <li>1930–1933: Georg Krücke</li> <li>1933–1937: Alfred Schulte</li> <li>1937–1945: <a href="/wiki/Erich_Mix" title="Erich Mix">Erich Mix</a></li> <li>1945–1946: Georg Krücke</li> <li>1946–1953: Hans Heinrich Redlhammer</li> <li>1951–1954: Georg Kluge</li> <li>1954–1960: <a href="/wiki/Erich_Mix" title="Erich Mix">Erich Mix</a></li> <li>1960–1968: Georg Buch</li> <li>1968–1980: Rudi Schmitt</li> <li>1980–1982: Georg-Berndt Oschatz</li> <li>1982–1985: Hans-Joachim Jentsch</li> <li>1985–1997: Achim Exner</li> <li>1997–2007: Hildebrand Diehl</li> <li>2007–2013: Helmut Müller</li> <li>2013–2019: <a href="/wiki/Sven_Gerich" title="Sven Gerich">Sven Gerich</a></li> <li>2019– : Gert-Uwe Mende<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="City_council">City council</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: City council"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:2021_Wiesbaden_City_Council_election.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/2021_Wiesbaden_City_Council_election.svg/250px-2021_Wiesbaden_City_Council_election.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="225" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/35/2021_Wiesbaden_City_Council_election.svg/500px-2021_Wiesbaden_City_Council_election.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1126" data-file-height="1014" /></a><figcaption>Results of 2021 city council election</figcaption></figure> <p>The Wiesbaden city council (<i>Stadtverordnetenversammlung</i>) governs the city alongside the Mayor. The most recent city council election was held on 14 March 2021. Following the election, the coalition negotiations resulted in an agreement between Alliance 90/The Greens (Grüne), the Social Democratic Party (SPD), The Left, and Volt Germany.<sup id="cite_ref-f482_53-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-f482-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These 42 votes allowed the Greens, who came second in the popular vote, to keep the CDU, who had come in first, out of the governing majority. The full results of the election were as follows: </p> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:right; font-size: 95%;"> <caption> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2">Party </th> <th>Lead candidate </th> <th>Votes </th> <th>% </th> <th>+/- </th> <th>Seats </th> <th>+/- </th></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#151518"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Christian_Democratic_Union_of_Germany" title="Christian Democratic Union of Germany">Christian Democratic Union</a> (CDU) </td> <td align="left">Daniela Georgi </td> <td>1,526,381 </td> <td>23.5 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.2 </td> <td>19 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#409A3C"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Alliance_90/The_Greens" title="Alliance 90/The Greens">Alliance 90/The Greens</a> (Grüne) </td> <td align="left">Christiane Hinninger </td> <td>1,390,605 </td> <td>21.4 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 7.3 </td> <td>17 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#E3000F"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Social_Democratic_Party_of_Germany" title="Social Democratic Party of Germany">Social Democratic Party</a> (SPD) </td> <td align="left">Hendrik Schmehl </td> <td>1,320,299 </td> <td>20.3 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 5.6 </td> <td>17 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 4 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#FFED00"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a> (FDP) </td> <td align="left">Christian Diers </td> <td>675,021 </td> <td>10.4 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.6 </td> <td>8 </td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#00A2DE"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Alternative_for_Germany" title="Alternative for Germany">Alternative for Germany</a> (AfD) </td> <td align="left">Eckhard Müller </td> <td>423,519 </td> <td>6.5 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6.3 </td> <td>5 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 6 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#BE3075"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/The_Left_(Germany)" title="The Left (Germany)">The Left</a> (Die Linke) </td> <td align="left">Ingo von Seemen </td> <td>402,735 </td> <td>6.2 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Steady"><img alt="Steady" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/11px-Steady2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/17px-Steady2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Steady2.svg/22px-Steady2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.0 </td> <td>5 </td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#502379"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Volt_Europa#Germany" title="Volt Europa">Volt Germany</a> (Volt) </td> <td align="left">Daniel Weber </td> <td>246,454 </td> <td>3.8 </td> <td>New </td> <td>3 </td> <td>New </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#F7A800"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Free_Voters" title="Free Voters">Free Voters</a> (FW) </td> <td align="left">Christian Bachmann </td> <td>163,942 </td> <td>2.5 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.1 </td> <td>2 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left">Initiative Pro Auto Wiesbaden (Pro Auto) </td> <td align="left">Christian Hill </td> <td>105,047 </td> <td>1.6 </td> <td>New </td> <td>1 </td> <td>New </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left">Citizens' List Wiesbaden (BLW) </td> <td align="left">Monika Becht </td> <td>73,255 </td> <td>1.1 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.6 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td bgcolor="#B5152B"> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Die_PARTEI" title="Die PARTEI">Die PARTEI</a> (PARTEI) </td> <td align="left">Lukas Haker </td> <td>51,343 </td> <td>0.8 </td> <td>New </td> <td>1 </td> <td>New </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left">Independent List Wiesbaden (ULW) </td> <td align="left">Veit Wilhelmy </td> <td>50,920 </td> <td>0.8 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.2 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>±0 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left">Alliance for Innovation and Justice (BIG) </td> <td align="left">Faissal Wardak </td> <td>44,344 </td> <td>0.7 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 0.4 </td> <td>1 </td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Increase"><img alt="Increase" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/20px-Increase2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Increase2.svg/40px-Increase2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1 </td></tr> <tr> <td> </td> <td align="left"><a href="/wiki/Liberal_Conservative_Reformers" class="mw-redirect" title="Liberal Conservative Reformers">Liberal Conservative Reformers</a> (LKR) </td> <td align="left">Thomas Preinl </td> <td>25,988 </td> <td>0.4 </td> <td>New </td> <td>0 </td> <td>New </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Valid votes </th> <th>83,885 </th> <th>95.9 </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Invalid votes </th> <th>3,597 </th> <th>4.1 </th> <th> </th> <th> </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Total </th> <th>87,482 </th> <th>100.0 </th> <th> </th> <th>81 </th> <th>±0 </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3">Electorate/voter turnout </th> <th>209,347 </th> <th>41.8 </th> <th><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Decrease"><img alt="Decrease" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/11px-Decrease2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="11" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/17px-Decrease2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Decrease2.svg/22px-Decrease2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span> 1.6 </th> <th> </th> <th> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="8">Source: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://votemanager-wi.ekom21cdn.de/2021-03-14/06414000/html5/Gemeindewahl_Hessen_26_Gemeinde_Landeshauptstadt_Wiesbaden.html">City Council Vote, Wiesbaden</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png/220px-Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="135" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png/330px-Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/63/Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png/440px-Roadmap_Wiesbaden.png 2x" data-file-width="2997" data-file-height="1838" /></a><figcaption>A map of Wiesbaden with Autobahns, federal roads and main streets</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roads">Roads</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Roads"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden is well connected to the German motorway (<i><a href="/wiki/Autobahn" title="Autobahn">Autobahn</a></i>) system. The <a href="/wiki/Wiesbadener_Kreuz" title="Wiesbadener Kreuz">Wiesbadener Kreuz</a> is an Autobahn interchange east of the city where the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_3" title="Bundesautobahn 3">Bundesautobahn 3</a> (A 3), <a href="/wiki/Cologne" title="Cologne">Cologne</a> to <a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrzburg" title="Würzburg">Würzburg</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_66" title="Bundesautobahn 66">Bundesautobahn 66</a> (A 66), <a href="/wiki/Rheingau" title="Rheingau">Rheingau</a> to <a href="/wiki/Fulda" title="Fulda">Fulda</a>, meet. With approximately 210,000 cars daily it is one of the most heavily used interchange in Germany. The <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_66" title="Bundesautobahn 66">Bundesautobahn 66</a> (A 66) connects Wiesbaden with <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a>. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_643" title="Bundesautobahn 643">Bundesautobahn 643</a> (A 643) is mainly a commuter motorway which starts in the south of the city centre, runs through the southern part of Wiesbaden crosses the Rhine via the <a href="/wiki/Schierstein_Bridge" title="Schierstein Bridge">Schierstein Bridge</a> and connect in the northwestern part of <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> to the A60. The <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_671" title="Bundesautobahn 671">Bundesautobahn 671</a> (A 671) is a very short motorway in the southeastern part of Wiesbaden which primarily serves as a fast connection between the city centre and the <a href="/wiki/Bundesautobahn_60" title="Bundesautobahn 60">Bundesautobahn 60</a> to serve the cities like <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCsselsheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Rüsselsheim">Rüsselsheim</a>, Darmstadt and the <a href="/wiki/Rhine-Neckar" title="Rhine-Neckar">Rhine-Neckar region</a> (Mannheim, Ludwigshafen and Heidelberg). </p><p>The downtown area is bordered on the north side by Taunusstrasse, which has once featured many antique stores.<sup id="cite_ref-54" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The east side is constrained by Wilhelmstrasse, created by Christian Zais. This 1,000 meter-long street is named after Duke William of Nassau (German Wilhelm), not Emperor Wilhelm II, as many mistakenly believe.<sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The streets of central Wiesbaden are regularly congested with cars during rush hour. Besides some areas, especially the <a href="/wiki/Ringstra%C3%9Fe_(Wiesbaden)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ringstraße (Wiesbaden)">Ringroad</a> and not directly in the centre, and the southern arterial roads like the <a href="/wiki/Mainzer_Stra%C3%9Fe" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainzer Straße">Mainzer Straße</a>, <a href="/wiki/Biebricher_Allee" title="Biebricher Allee">Biebricher Allee</a> and <a href="/wiki/Schiersteiner_Stra%C3%9Fe" title="Schiersteiner Straße">Schiersteiner Straße</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rail">Rail</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: Rail"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg/220px-BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg/330px-BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg/440px-BD-HauptbahnhofWiesbaden-20130507-IMG_1754.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden_Hauptbahnhof" title="Wiesbaden Hauptbahnhof">Wiesbaden main station</a>, built between 1904 and 1906</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden_Hauptbahnhof" title="Wiesbaden Hauptbahnhof">Wiesbaden's main railway station</a> and several minor railway stops connect the town with <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Central Station">Frankfurt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Darmstadt_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Darmstadt Central Station">Darmstadt</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mainz_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Mainz Central Station">Mainz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Limburg_(Lahn)_station" title="Limburg (Lahn) station">Limburg</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Koblenz_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Koblenz Central Station">Koblenz</a> via <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdesheim_(Rhein)_station" title="Rüdesheim (Rhein) station">Rüdesheim</a>. Wiesbaden Hauptbahnhof is connected to the <a href="/wiki/Cologne-Frankfurt_high-speed_rail_line" class="mw-redirect" title="Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed rail line">Cologne-Frankfurt high-speed rail line</a> by a 13-kilometer <a href="/wiki/Breckenheim%E2%80%93Wiesbaden_railway" title="Breckenheim–Wiesbaden railway">branch line</a>. <a href="/wiki/Hamburg_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Hamburg Central Station">Hamburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/M%C3%BCnchen_Hauptbahnhof" title="München Hauptbahnhof">München</a>, <a href="/wiki/Leipzig_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Leipzig Central Station">Leipzig</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dresden_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Dresden Central Station">Dresden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Stuttgart_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Stuttgart Central Station">Stuttgart</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mannheim_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Mannheim Central Station">Mannheim</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hanover_Central_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Hanover Central Station">Hanover</a> are connected directly to Wiesbaden via long-distance service of the <a href="/wiki/Deutsche_Bahn" title="Deutsche Bahn">Deutsche Bahn</a>. More services to locations outside the immediate area connect through Mainz or <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Airport_long-distance_station" title="Frankfurt Airport long-distance station">Frankfurt Airport</a> or Frankfurt Hauptbahnhof. Regional trains and bus services are coordinated by the <a href="/wiki/Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund" title="Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund">Rhein-Main-Verkehrsverbund</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transport">Public transport</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: Public transport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg/220px-Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg/330px-Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c8/Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg/440px-Citaro_G_II_ESWE.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>A bus at Schierstein harbor</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b>S-Bahn</b></li></ul> <p>Wiesbaden is connected to the Frankfurt <a href="/wiki/S-Bahn_Rhein-Main" class="mw-redirect" title="S-Bahn Rhein-Main">S-Bahn</a> network and served by three lines (<span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S1_(Rhine-Main_S-Bahn)" title="S1 (Rhine-Main S-Bahn)"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Frankfurt_S1.svg/24px-Frankfurt_S1.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Frankfurt_S1.svg/37px-Frankfurt_S1.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d5/Frankfurt_S1.svg/48px-Frankfurt_S1.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="304" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S8_(Rhine-Main_S-Bahn)" title="S8 (Rhine-Main S-Bahn)"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Frankfurt_S8.svg/24px-Frankfurt_S8.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Frankfurt_S8.svg/37px-Frankfurt_S8.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Frankfurt_S8.svg/48px-Frankfurt_S8.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="304" /></a></span> <span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/S9_(Rhine-Main_S-Bahn)" title="S9 (Rhine-Main S-Bahn)"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Frankfurt_S9.svg/40px-Frankfurt_S9.svg.png" decoding="async" width="24" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Frankfurt_S9.svg/60px-Frankfurt_S9.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="482" data-file-height="304" /></a></span>) which connect Wiesbaden with the densely populated <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Rhein-Main_Region" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Rhein-Main Region">Rhine Main Region</a>. All routes have an at least 30 minute service during the day, in the rush hour partially every 15 minutes schedule. It provides access to nearby cities such as <a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCsselsheim" class="mw-redirect" title="Rüsselsheim">Rüsselsheim</a>, Frankfurt, <a href="/wiki/Hanau" title="Hanau">Hanau</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Offenbach_am_Main" title="Offenbach am Main">Offenbach am Main</a>, and smaller towns that are on the way. </p> <ul><li><b>Bus</b></li></ul> <p>The city's public transportation service <a href="/wiki/ESWE_Verkehr" class="mw-redirect" title="ESWE Verkehr">ESWE Verkehr</a> connects all city districts to downtown by 45 bus lines in the daytime and 9 bus lines in the night. Five more bus lines, operated by the public transportation service of the city of Mainz, connects Wiesbaden's districts <a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kastel" title="Mainz-Kastel">Kastel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mainz-Kostheim" title="Mainz-Kostheim">Kostheim</a> to Mainz downtown. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Airports">Airports</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Airports"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg/220px-AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="151" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg/330px-AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg/440px-AirportFrankfurt_fromair_2010-09-19.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1760" data-file-height="1206" /></a><figcaption>Aerial view of Frankfurt Airport</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Airport" title="Frankfurt Airport">Frankfurt Airport</a></b></li></ul> <p>The city can be accessed from around the world via <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Airport" title="Frankfurt Airport">Frankfurt Airport</a> (<i>Flughafen Frankfurt am Main</i>) which is located 15 km (9.3 mi) east of Wiesbaden. The airport has four <a href="/wiki/Runway" title="Runway">runways</a> and serves 265 non-stop destinations. Run by transport company <a href="/wiki/Fraport" title="Fraport">Fraport</a> it ranks among the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_busiest_airports_by_passenger_traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="World's busiest airports by passenger traffic">world's 10 busiest airports by passenger traffic</a> and is the <a href="/wiki/World%27s_busiest_airports_by_cargo_traffic" class="mw-redirect" title="World's busiest airports by cargo traffic">second busiest airport by cargo traffic</a> in Europe. The airport also serves as a hub for <a href="/wiki/Condor_Flugdienst" class="mw-redirect" title="Condor Flugdienst">Condor</a> and as the main hub for German <a href="/wiki/Flag_carrier" title="Flag carrier">flag carrier</a> <a href="/wiki/Lufthansa" title="Lufthansa">Lufthansa</a>. Depending on whether total passengers or flights are used, it ranks second or third busiest in Europe alongside <a href="/wiki/London_Heathrow_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="London Heathrow Airport">London Heathrow Airport</a> and <a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Gaulle_Airport" title="Charles de Gaulle Airport">Paris Charles de Gaulle Airport</a>. Passenger traffic at Frankfurt Airport in 2011 was 56.5 million. </p><p>The airport can be reached by car or train and has two railway stations, one for regional and one for long-distance traffic. The <a href="/wiki/S-Bahn" title="S-Bahn">S-Bahn</a> lines S8 and S9 (direction <i>Offenbach Ost</i> or <i>Hanau Hbf</i>) departing at the <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Airport_Regional_Train_Station" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Airport Regional Train Station">regional train station</a> take 30 minutes from the airport to Wiesbaden Central Station, the <a href="/wiki/Intercity-Express" class="mw-redirect" title="Intercity-Express">ICE</a> trains departing at the <a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Airport_long-distance_station" title="Frankfurt Airport long-distance station">long-distance railway station</a> take also 30 minutes to the central station. </p> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_Hahn_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt Hahn Airport">Frankfurt Hahn Airport</a></b></li></ul> <p>Despite the name, Frankfurt Hahn Airport (<i>Flughafen Frankfurt-Hahn</i>) is not located anywhere near Frankfurt but is instead situated approximately 100 km (62 mi) from the city in <a href="/wiki/Lautzenhausen" title="Lautzenhausen">Lautzenhausen</a> (<a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a>). Hahn Airport was a major base for <a href="/wiki/Low-cost_carrier" title="Low-cost carrier">low-cost carrier</a> <a href="/wiki/Ryanair" title="Ryanair">Ryanair</a>. This airport can be reached by car or bus. The nearest train station is in <a href="/wiki/Traben-Trarbach" title="Traben-Trarbach">Traben-Trarbach</a>, it is ca. 17 km (11 mi) from the airport, on foot. The roads are not lit. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Port">Port</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=30" title="Edit section: Port"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>There are small container port operations nearby on the rivers <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a> and <a href="/wiki/Main_(river)" title="Main (river)">Main</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Military">Military</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=31" title="Edit section: Military"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lucius_D._Clay_Kaserne" title="Lucius D. Clay Kaserne">Lucius D. Clay Kaserne</a> (formerly Wiesbaden Army Airfield or WAAF) is located adjacent to Wiesbaden-Erbenheim and is home to the <a href="/wiki/US_Army_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="US Army Europe">US Army in Europe</a> (USAREUR) headquarters, the 2nd Signal Brigade and the 66th Military Intelligence Brigade. The airfield was one of the points of origin for flights to Berlin in support of Operation Vittles (the Berlin airlift) during the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Blockade" title="Berlin Blockade">Soviet blockade of Berlin</a>. General Clay, the commander of the US occupation zone in Germany, was the architect of the airlift. </p><p>The United States Army runs a garrison in Wiesbaden. The facilities for US soldiers and families are spread across various locations including: Aukamn, Hainerberg, Mainz-Kastel and the Wiesbaden Army-Airfield, where the names of the streets are named after servicemen and women who sacrificed their lives during the Berlin Airlift.<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=32" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden hosts a number of international companies, which have their German or European headquarters there including <a href="/wiki/Abbott_Laboratories" title="Abbott Laboratories">Abbott Laboratories</a>, <a href="/wiki/DXC_Technology" title="DXC Technology">DXC Technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ferrari" title="Ferrari">Ferrari</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal-Mogul" title="Federal-Mogul">Federal-Mogul</a>, <a href="/wiki/Melbourne_IT" class="mw-redirect" title="Melbourne IT">Melbourne IT</a>, <a href="/wiki/Porsche" title="Porsche">Porsche</a>, <a href="/wiki/Norwegian_Cruise_Line" title="Norwegian Cruise Line">Norwegian Cruise Line</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Svenska_Cellulosa_Aktiebolaget" class="mw-redirect" title="Svenska Cellulosa Aktiebolaget">SCA</a>. Several German companies also have their headquarters in Wiesbaden, including <a href="/wiki/SGL_Carbon" title="SGL Carbon">SGL Carbon</a>, Dyckerhoff, <a href="/wiki/KION_Group" title="KION Group">KION Group</a>, DBV-Winterthur, and R + V Versicherung. Wiesbaden is also home to the "Industriepark Kalle-Albert", an <a href="/wiki/Industrial_park" title="Industrial park">industrial park</a> in the southern quarter of <a href="/wiki/Biebrich_(Wiesbaden)" title="Biebrich (Wiesbaden)">Biebrich</a>. It is one of the largest in Germany with over 80 companies from the <a href="/wiki/Pharmaceutical_industry" title="Pharmaceutical industry">pharmaceutical</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chemical_industry" title="Chemical industry">chemical</a> industries, including <a href="/wiki/Agfa-Gevaert" title="Agfa-Gevaert">Agfa-Gevaert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Clariant" title="Clariant">Clariant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mitsubishi_Chemical_Corporation" class="mw-redirect" title="Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation">Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Shin-Etsu_Chemical" title="Shin-Etsu Chemical">Shin-Etsu Chemical</a>. The park was founded by chemical company <a href="/wiki/Hoechst_AG" title="Hoechst AG">Hoechst AG</a> in 1997. </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Federal_Criminal_Police_Office_(Germany)" title="Federal Criminal Police Office (Germany)">Federal Criminal Police Office</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Statistical_Office_of_Germany" title="Federal Statistical Office of Germany">Federal Statistical Office of Germany</a> are both based in Wiesbaden, along with many Hessian ministries such as the Hessian <a href="/wiki/Landeskriminalamt" title="Landeskriminalamt">State Criminal Police Office</a>. </p><p>At approximately €77,500, Wiesbaden has the second largest gross domestic product per inhabitant in Hesse, after Frankfurt, making it one of the richest cities in Germany. The purchasing power per inhabitant is €22,500.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2017)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=33" title="Edit section: Culture"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden's most important stage is the <a href="/wiki/Hessisches_Staatstheater_Wiesbaden" title="Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden">Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden</a>. Concert halls include the Friedrich-von-Thiersch-Saal of the Kurhaus. Wiesbaden has a State Library and a conservatory, where <a href="/wiki/Max_Reger" title="Max Reger">Max Reger</a> studied and taught as a young man. Choirs such as the <a href="/wiki/Wiesbadener_Knabenchor" title="Wiesbadener Knabenchor">Wiesbadener Knabenchor</a>, <a href="/wiki/Schiersteiner_Kantorei" title="Schiersteiner Kantorei">Schiersteiner Kantorei</a> and <a href="/wiki/Chor_von_St._Bonifatius" title="Chor von St. Bonifatius">Chor von St. Bonifatius</a> are known in the region and even internationally. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_May_Festival">International May Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=34" title="Edit section: International May Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Internationale_Maifestspiele_Wiesbaden" title="Internationale Maifestspiele Wiesbaden">Internationale Maifestspiele Wiesbaden</a></div> <p>The International May Festival is an annual arts festival presented by the <a href="/wiki/Hessisches_Staatstheater_Wiesbaden" title="Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden">Hessisches Staatstheater Wiesbaden</a> every May. Established in 1896, it is one of the most distinguished international theatre and music festivals in the world. The festival features performances of plays, musicals, operas, and ballets. Concerts from a wide array of music are featured, as are artistic circus acts and modern dance presentations. Lectures, recitals, cabaret performances, and readings are also featured.<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rheingau_Wine_Festival">Rheingau Wine Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=35" title="Edit section: Rheingau Wine Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The wines and sparkling wines of the close <a href="/wiki/Rheingau" title="Rheingau">Rheingau</a> are presented annually at the ten-day festival in August, <i>Rheingauer Weinwoche</i> (Rheingau Wine Week) around the Wiesbaden City Hall, on the Schlossplatz (Palace Square), the square <i>Dern'sches Gelände</i> and in the pedestrian area. At 118 booths, Rheingau and Wiesbaden vintners offer their wine and sparkling wine and invite to discover the already well known and favored, but also new vintages. Every year thousands of visitors use this opportunity to get acquainted with Rheingau Riesling wines and all their various facets and flavors. Regional specialities compatible with the wines are offered as well. A diversified musical program entertains the wine festival guests. Initiated more than 30 years ago by the Rheingau vintners, this wine festival has a long tradition. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shooting_Star_Market">Shooting Star Market</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=36" title="Edit section: Shooting Star Market"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden's Sternschnuppenmarkt is located at the central <a href="#Main_sights">Schlossplatz</a> and the neighbouring streets of the <a href="#Main_sights">parliamentary building</a>, <a href="#Main_sights">old town hall</a>, and <a href="#Main_sights">market church</a>. The Sternschnuppenmarkt takes place from the end of November until 23 December every year and is open from Monday until Thursday 10:30 – 9:00 pm, Friday and Saturday 10:30 – 9:30 pm, and Sunday 12:00 – 9:00 pm. </p><p>The market is related to the city arms of Wiesbaden: the colours blue and gold and the three lilies are characteristic. Four gates and an illuminated floral roof symbolizing <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">Fleur-de-lis</a>, consisting of twelve over ten metre high and twelve metre wide luminous lilies, emboss the Sternschnuppenmarkt. </p><p>Over 110 booths are decorated in oriental style, coloured blue and gold, offering Christmas style goods, arts and crafts as well as nostalgic carousels and a toy train. A Christmas tree more than 28 metres (92 feet) tall is decorated with 1000 blue and golden ties, 2500 electric bulbs and 30 flash bulbs. The nativity scene displays life-sized wooden figures. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rheingau_Musik_Festival">Rheingau Musik Festival</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=37" title="Edit section: Rheingau Musik Festival"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg/225px-Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg" decoding="async" width="225" height="159" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg/338px-Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0e/Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg/450px-Wiesbaden_Pedestrian.jpg 2x" data-file-width="877" data-file-height="620" /></a><figcaption>Wiesbaden pedestrian zone 2005</figcaption></figure> <p>From the beginning in 1988 the <a href="/wiki/Rheingau_Musik_Festival" title="Rheingau Musik Festival">Rheingau Musik Festival</a> has staged summer concerts in the <a href="/wiki/Marktkirche,_Wiesbaden" title="Marktkirche, Wiesbaden">Marktkirche</a> and in the concert hall of the <a href="/wiki/Kurhaus,_Wiesbaden" title="Kurhaus, Wiesbaden">Kurhaus</a> now named Friedrich-von-Thiersch-Saal. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sport">Sport</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=38" title="Edit section: Sport"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since 2007 Wiesbaden has been home to <a href="/wiki/SV_Wehen_Wiesbaden" title="SV Wehen Wiesbaden">SV Wehen Wiesbaden</a>, an association football team that formerly played in nearby <a href="/wiki/Taunusstein" title="Taunusstein">Taunusstein</a>. The club was promoted to the <a href="/wiki/2._Bundesliga" title="2. Bundesliga">2. Bundesliga</a> in 2019, but relegated back to the <a href="/wiki/3._Liga" title="3. Liga">3. Liga</a> in 2020. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_–_sister_cities"><span id="Twin_towns_.E2.80.93_sister_cities"></span>Twin towns – sister cities</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=39" title="Edit section: Twin towns – sister cities"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951" /><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Germany" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany">List of twin towns and sister cities in Germany</a></div> <p>Town twinning between Wiesbaden and other cities began with <a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a> in 1930, one of the first town-twinnings in Germany. Wiesbaden is <a href="/wiki/Sister_city" title="Sister city">twinned</a> with:<sup id="cite_ref-58" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 20em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria"><img alt="Austria" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/23px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/35px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Flag_of_Austria.svg/45px-Flag_of_Austria.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a>, Austria (1930)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Switzerland" title="Switzerland"><img alt="Switzerland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/16px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/24px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/08/Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg/32px-Flag_of_Switzerland_%28Pantone%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Montreux" title="Montreux">Montreux</a>, Switzerland (1953)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg" title="Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg">Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg (Berlin)</a>, Germany (1964)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium"><img alt="Belgium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/40px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg/60px-Flag_of_Belgium_%28civil%29.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ghent" title="Ghent">Ghent</a>, Belgium (1969)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/France" title="France"><img alt="France" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/60px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fondettes" title="Fondettes">Fondettes</a>, France (1975)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Slovenia" title="Slovenia"><img alt="Slovenia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Flag_of_Slovenia.svg/46px-Flag_of_Slovenia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a>, Slovenia (1977)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel"><img alt="Israel" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/21px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/32px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Flag_of_Israel.svg/41px-Flag_of_Israel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1100" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kfar_Saba" title="Kfar Saba">Kfar Saba</a>, Israel (1981)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/San_Sebasti%C3%A1n" title="San Sebastián">San Sebastián</a>, Spain (1981)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Poland" title="Poland"><img alt="Poland" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/23px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/35px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/12/Flag_of_Poland.svg/46px-Flag_of_Poland.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1280" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Wroc%C5%82aw" title="Wrocław">Wrocław</a>, Poland (1987)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/England" title="England"><img alt="England" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/23px-Flag_of_England.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/35px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/be/Flag_of_England.svg/46px-Flag_of_England.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Royal Tunbridge Wells">Royal Tunbridge Wells</a>, England, United Kingdom (1989)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Germany" title="Germany"><img alt="Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/23px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/35px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/46px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6rlitz" title="Görlitz">Görlitz</a>, Germany (1990)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Nicaragua" title="Nicaragua"><img alt="Nicaragua" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/23px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/35px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/19/Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg/46px-Flag_of_Nicaragua.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ocotal" title="Ocotal">Ocotal</a>, Nicaragua (1990)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Fatih" title="Fatih">Fatih</a>, Turkey (2012)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ukraine" title="Ukraine"><img alt="Ukraine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/23px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/35px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/Flag_of_Ukraine.svg/45px-Flag_of_Ukraine.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kamianets-Podilskyi" title="Kamianets-Podilskyi">Kamianets-Podilskyi</a>, Ukraine (2023)</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Coat_of_arms">Coat of arms</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=40" title="Edit section: Coat of arms"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Wiesbaden's <a href="/wiki/Coat_of_arms" title="Coat of arms">coat of arms</a> features three <a href="/wiki/Fleur-de-lis" title="Fleur-de-lis">fleurs-de-lys</a>, stylized representations of the city's heraldic symbol, the lily. The <a href="/wiki/Blazon" title="Blazon">blazon</a> is: "Azure, two and one fleurs-de-lys Or". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_people">Notable people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=41" title="Edit section: Notable people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_(24519769611)_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%2824519769611%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/180px-%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%2824519769611%29_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="229" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%2824519769611%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/270px-%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%2824519769611%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%2824519769611%29_%28cropped%29.jpg/360px-%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A4%27_%D7%A9%D7%9C%D7%9E%D7%94_%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%A9%D7%98%D7%99%D7%99%D7%9F_%2824519769611%29_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="380" data-file-height="483" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Eckstein" title="Shlomo Eckstein">Shlomo Eckstein</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MoritzKoernerMEP_(cropped).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MoritzKoernerMEP_%28cropped%29.jpg/250px-MoritzKoernerMEP_%28cropped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="220" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MoritzKoernerMEP_%28cropped%29.jpg/330px-MoritzKoernerMEP_%28cropped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3f/MoritzKoernerMEP_%28cropped%29.jpg/500px-MoritzKoernerMEP_%28cropped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2826" data-file-height="3452" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Moritz_K%C3%B6rner" title="Moritz Körner">Moritz Körner</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_McEnroe_005.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/John_McEnroe_005.png/250px-John_McEnroe_005.png" decoding="async" width="180" height="234" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/John_McEnroe_005.png/330px-John_McEnroe_005.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/John_McEnroe_005.png/360px-John_McEnroe_005.png 2x" data-file-width="443" data-file-height="577" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/John_McEnroe" title="John McEnroe">John McEnroe</a></figcaption></figure> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Simone_Signoret_(Harcourt).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Simone_Signoret_%28Harcourt%29.jpg/180px-Simone_Signoret_%28Harcourt%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="253" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Simone_Signoret_%28Harcourt%29.jpg/270px-Simone_Signoret_%28Harcourt%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Simone_Signoret_%28Harcourt%29.jpg/360px-Simone_Signoret_%28Harcourt%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="462" data-file-height="650" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Simone_Signoret" title="Simone Signoret">Simone Signoret</a></figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kathrin_Ackermann" title="Kathrin Ackermann">Kathrin Ackermann</a> (born 1938), actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphe,_Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg" title="Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg">Adolphe, Grand Duke of Luxembourg</a> (born 1817, <a href="/wiki/Biebrich_Palace" title="Biebrich Palace">Biebrich Palace</a>), reign 23 November 1890 – 17 November 1905</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norbert_Becker_(agroscientist)" title="Norbert Becker (agroscientist)">Norbert J. Becker</a> (1937–2012), agricultural scientist and specialist in the area of vine breeding and viticulture</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adolphus_Busch" title="Adolphus Busch">Adolphus Busch</a> (1839–1913), founder of <a href="/wiki/Anheuser-Busch" title="Anheuser-Busch">Anheuser-Busch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Colonna" title="Sarah Colonna">Sarah Colonna</a> (born 1974), American stand-up comedian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shlomo_Eckstein" title="Shlomo Eckstein">Shlomo Eckstein</a> (1929–2020), Israeli economist and President of <a href="/wiki/Bar-Ilan_University" title="Bar-Ilan University">Bar-Ilan University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gisela_Ehrensperger" title="Gisela Ehrensperger">Gisela Ehrensperger</a> (born 1943), Swiss operatic soprano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erwin_Finlay-Freundlich" title="Erwin Finlay-Freundlich">Erwin Finlay-Freundlich</a> (1885–1964), astronomer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Petra_Fuhrmann" title="Petra Fuhrmann">Petra Fuhrmann</a> (1955–2019), member of the <a href="/wiki/Hessian_Landtag" class="mw-redirect" title="Hessian Landtag">Hessian Landtag</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Birut%C3%A9_Galdikas" class="mw-redirect" title="Biruté Galdikas">Biruté Galdikas</a> (born 1946), Lithuanian-Canadian primatologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/J%C3%BCrgen_Grabowski" title="Jürgen Grabowski">Jürgen Grabowski</a> (1944–2022), footballer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Berthold_Guthmann" title="Berthold Guthmann">Berthold Guthmann</a> (1893–1944), lawyer and First World War veteran</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Hanenberger" title="Peter Hanenberger">Peter Hanenberger</a> (born 1942), automotive specialist for <a href="/wiki/General_Motors" title="General Motors">General Motors</a>, previously chairman of <a href="/wiki/Holden" title="Holden">Holden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karl_Herxheimer" title="Karl Herxheimer">Karl Herxheimer</a> (1861–1942), dermatologist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9e_Riese_Hubert" title="Renée Riese Hubert">Renée Riese Hubert</a> (1916–2005), German-born American writer and academic</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Franz_Kaiser" title="Franz Kaiser">Franz Kaiser</a> (1891–1962), astronomer, discoverer of asteroid <a href="/wiki/717_Wisibada" title="717 Wisibada">717 Wisibada</a> and asteroid <a href="/wiki/765_Mattiaca" title="765 Mattiaca">765 Mattiaca</a>, both named in honour of the city of Wiesbaden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wilhelm_Kempf_(bishop)" title="Wilhelm Kempf (bishop)">Wilhelm Kempf</a> (1906–1982), Catholic theologian, Bishop of Limburg 1949–1981</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julia_Kerr" title="Julia Kerr">Julia Kerr</a> (1898–1965), composer and pianist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Michael_Kessler" title="Michael Kessler">Michael Kessler</a> (born 1967), actor and comedian</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Koerppen" title="Alfred Koerppen">Alfred Koerppen</a> (1926–2022), organist, music pedagogue, composer and academic teacher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moritz_K%C3%B6rner" title="Moritz Körner">Moritz Körner</a> (born 1990), German politician of the <a href="/wiki/Free_Democratic_Party_(Germany)" title="Free Democratic Party (Germany)">Free Democratic Party</a>, <a href="/wiki/Member_of_the_European_Parliament" title="Member of the European Parliament">Member of the European Parliament</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otto_Krebs" title="Otto Krebs">Otto Krebs</a> (1873–1941), industrialist and art collector</li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCnther_L%C3%BCtjens" title="Günther Lütjens">Günther Lütjens</a> (1889–1941), admiral and commander of the World War II naval <a href="/wiki/Operation_Rhein%C3%BCbung" title="Operation Rheinübung">Operation Rheinübung</a>, aboard the battleship <a href="/wiki/German_battleship_Bismarck" title="German battleship Bismarck"><i>Bismarck</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bruce_Maxwell" title="Bruce Maxwell">Bruce Maxwell</a> (born 1990), American baseball player (born on a U.S. military base)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_McEnroe" title="John McEnroe">John McEnroe</a> (born 1959), American tennis player (born on a U.S. military base)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_Momberger" title="August Momberger">August Momberger</a> (1905–1969), racing driver and engineer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Melody_Perkins" title="Melody Perkins">Melody Perkins</a> (born 1974), American actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emil_Pfeiffer" title="Emil Pfeiffer">Emil Pfeiffer</a> (1846–1921), physician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bud_Pierce" title="Bud Pierce">Bud Pierce</a> (born 1956), American politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dieter_Rams" title="Dieter Rams">Dieter Rams</a> (born 1932), industrial designer, former head of design for <a href="/wiki/Braun_(company)" title="Braun (company)">Braun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rudolf_von_Ribbentrop" title="Rudolf von Ribbentrop">Rudolf von Ribbentrop</a> (1921–2019), captain in the <a href="/wiki/Waffen-SS" title="Waffen-SS">Waffen-SS</a>, recipient of the <a href="/wiki/Knights_Cross_of_the_Iron_Cross" class="mw-redirect" title="Knights Cross of the Iron Cross">Knights Cross of the Iron Cross</a> for bravery</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leona_Riemann" title="Leona Riemann">Leona Riemann</a> (born 1952) German writer, author, and publisher</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nico_Rosberg" title="Nico Rosberg">Nico Rosberg</a> (born 1985), Finnish-German racing driver, <a href="/wiki/2016_Formula_One_season" class="mw-redirect" title="2016 Formula One season">2016 Formula One World Champion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Heinrich_Rubens" title="Heinrich Rubens">Heinrich Rubens</a> (1865–1922), physicist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Volker_Schl%C3%B6ndorff" title="Volker Schlöndorff">Volker Schlöndorff</a> (born 1939), film director</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kristina_Schr%C3%B6der" title="Kristina Schröder">Kristina Schröder</a> (born 1977), politician (CDU)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Henry_Schwarzschild" title="Henry Schwarzschild">Henry Schwarzschild</a> (1925–1996), American activist for civil rights and human rights</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simone_Signoret" title="Simone Signoret">Simone Signoret</a> (1921–1985), French actress</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiki_VanDeWeghe" title="Kiki VanDeWeghe">Kiki VanDeWeghe</a> (born 1958), American basketball player, coach and executive</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerie_Weigmann" title="Valerie Weigmann">Valerie Weigmann</a> (born 1989), Filipino-German actress, host and <a href="/wiki/Miss_World_Philippines_2014" title="Miss World Philippines 2014">Miss World Philippines 2014</a> titleholder</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvia_Weiss" title="Silvia Weiss">Silvia Weiss</a>, soprano</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susan_Wild" title="Susan Wild">Susan Wild</a> (born 1957), American lawyer and former member of the US House of Representatives (born on a U.S. military base)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arnold_Walfisz" title="Arnold Walfisz">Arnold Walfisz</a> (1892–1962), Polish mathematician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/William_IV,_Grand_Duke_of_Luxembourg" title="William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg">William IV, Grand Duke of Luxembourg</a> (born 1852, <a href="/wiki/Biebrich_Palace" title="Biebrich Palace">Biebrich Palace</a>), reign 17 November 1905 – 25 February 1912</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maria_Yakunchikova" title="Maria Yakunchikova">Maria Yakunchikova</a> (1870–1902), Russian painter and graphic artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schoolboy_Q" title="Schoolboy Q">Schoolboy Q</a> (born 1986), American rapper (born on a U.S. military base)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_residents">Notable residents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=42" title="Edit section: Notable residents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Eno_(rapper)" title="Eno (rapper)">Eno</a>, rapper, lives in Wiesbaden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peter_Carl_Faberg%C3%A9" title="Peter Carl Fabergé">Peter Carl Fabergé</a>, fled Russia to Germany, settled first in Bad Homburg and then in Wiesbaden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayte_Garcia" title="Mayte Garcia">Mayte Garcia</a>, American belly dancer, actress, author, singer and choreographer, lived in Wiesbaden with her parents. It was here that she met her future husband, the singer Prince, backstage at one of his concert</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexej_von_Jawlensky" title="Alexej von Jawlensky">Alexej von Jawlensky</a>, Russian Expressionist painter, lived there in 1922–1941 and died there</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hava_Lazarus-Yafeh" title="Hava Lazarus-Yafeh">Hava Lazarus-Yafeh</a> (1930–1998), <a href="/wiki/Orientalism" title="Orientalism">Orientalist</a>, scholar, editor, and educator; born in Wiesbaden.<sup id="cite_ref-59" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_K%C3%A9ler" title="Béla Kéler">Béla Kéler</a>, Hungarian composer, he lived in Wiesbaden from 1863 until his death in 1882. He led the orchestra of the Second Regiment of the Duke of Nassau (1863–1866), and later also the spa orchestra (1870–1872).</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vladimir_Nabokov" title="Vladimir Nabokov">Vladimir Nabokov</a>, Russian novelist, poet, translator and entomologist, writes in his autobiography about his memories of his childhood in Wiesbaden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Priscilla_Presley" title="Priscilla Presley">Priscilla Presley</a>, lived in Wiesbaden with her parents. It was here that she met <a href="/wiki/Elvis_Presley" title="Elvis Presley">Elvis Presley</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Max_Reger" title="Max Reger">Max Reger</a>, studied in Wiesbaden</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mickey_Rourke" title="Mickey Rourke">Mickey Rourke</a>, resides in Wiesbaden at least part-time with his Russian-born girlfriend Anastassija Makarenko</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Debby_Ryan" title="Debby Ryan">Debby Ryan</a>, American actress, lived in Wiesbaden for three years</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>, settled in <a href="/wiki/Wiesbaden-Biebrich" class="mw-redirect" title="Wiesbaden-Biebrich">Biebrich</a> (now part of Wiesbaden) in 1861, after the political ban against him in Germany was lifted. It was there that he began work on <a href="/wiki/Die_Meistersinger_von_N%C3%BCrnberg" title="Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg">Die Meistersinger von Nürnberg</a>.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reese_Witherspoon" title="Reese Witherspoon">Reese Witherspoon</a>, lived in Wiesbaden with her parents</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_visitors">Notable visitors</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=43" title="Edit section: Notable visitors"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In the 19th century, visitors to the Wiesbaden's famous hot springs included <a href="/wiki/Johann_Wolfgang_von_Goethe" title="Johann Wolfgang von Goethe">Johann Wolfgang von Goethe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Johannes_Brahms" title="Johannes Brahms">Johannes Brahms</a>. Brahms' <a href="/wiki/Symphony_No._3_(Brahms)" title="Symphony No. 3 (Brahms)">Symphony No. 3</a> (Op. 90) was composed in Wiesbaden in the summer of 1883.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Washington_Roebling" title="Washington Roebling">Washington Roebling</a>, chief engineer of the <a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Bridge" title="Brooklyn Bridge">Brooklyn Bridge</a>, came to Wiesbaden—along with his wife, <a href="/wiki/Emily_Warren_Roebling" title="Emily Warren Roebling">Emily Warren Roebling</a>—in 1873, hoping that the warm springs would ameliorate the effects of the decompression sickness he suffered as a result of working in caissons of the bridge.<sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Russian author <a href="/wiki/Fyodor_Dostoevsky" title="Fyodor Dostoevsky">Fyodor Dostoevsky</a>, who suffered from an acute gambling compulsion, allegedly lost his travelling money in Wiesbaden's <i>Spielbank</i> casino in 1865. The experience became the inspiration of his 1866 novel <a href="/wiki/The_Gambler_(novel)" title="The Gambler (novel)">The Gambler</a> (Russian Игрок), set in the fictitious place "Roulettenburg". Some historians have disputed this account, saying that <a href="/wiki/Bad_Homburg" title="Bad Homburg">Bad Homburg</a> was the location for Dostoevsky's real-life misfortune.</li> <li>Wiesbaden's Bowling Green has been very popular in recent years since various open-air concerts have been held there by artists like <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a> (2009, 2011 & 2019), <a href="/wiki/Rod_Stewart" title="Rod Stewart">Rod Stewart</a> (2009), <a href="/wiki/Eric_Clapton" title="Eric Clapton">Eric Clapton</a> (2008), <a href="/wiki/R.E.M." title="R.E.M.">R.E.M.</a> (2003), <a href="/wiki/Sting_(musician)" title="Sting (musician)">Sting</a> (2001), <a href="/wiki/Bryan_Adams" title="Bryan Adams">Bryan Adams</a> (2000), <a href="/wiki/Simply_Red" title="Simply Red">Simply Red</a> (1999), <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Carreras" title="José Carreras">José Carreras</a> (1992), and <a href="/wiki/Luciano_Pavarotti" title="Luciano Pavarotti">Luciano Pavarotti</a> (1993). <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Richie" title="Lionel Richie">Lionel Richie</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pl%C3%A1cido_Domingo" title="Plácido Domingo">Plácido Domingo</a> (2nd time in Wiesbaden) have also performed there.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rivalry_with_Mainz">Rivalry with Mainz</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=44" title="Edit section: Rivalry with Mainz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a>, on the opposite side of the <a href="/wiki/Rhine" title="Rhine">Rhine</a>, is Wiesbaden's archrival – the two cities are the capitals of their respective Bundesländer, and citizens of both cities <a href="/wiki/Joke" title="Joke">jokingly</a> refer to those on the other one as "living on the wrong side of the river". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fictional_references">Fictional references</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=45" title="Edit section: Fictional references"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>In his short story "<a href="/wiki/The_Horror_of_the_Heights" title="The Horror of the Heights">The Horror of the Heights</a>" (1913), <a href="/wiki/Sir_Arthur_Conan_Doyle" class="mw-redirect" title="Sir Arthur Conan Doyle">Sir Arthur Conan Doyle</a> refers to an aerial region over Wiesbaden and <a href="/wiki/Bad_Homburg_vor_der_H%C3%B6he" class="mw-redirect" title="Bad Homburg vor der Höhe">Homburg</a> in which aircraft mysteriously vanish.</li> <li>In the 1983 American television movie <i><a href="/wiki/The_Day_After" title="The Day After">The Day After</a></i>, Wiesbaden was the first city to be destroyed by a nuclear weapon during the escalating war between <a href="/wiki/NATO" title="NATO">NATO</a> and <a href="/wiki/Warsaw_Pact" title="Warsaw Pact">Warsaw Pact</a> forces that eventually leads to a full-scale nuclear exchange between the United States and the <a href="/wiki/Soviet_Union" title="Soviet Union">Soviet Union</a>.</li> <li>The historical novel series <i>Romanike</i> (2006–2014) by Codex Regius features Wiesbaden in the Roman age, or Aquae Mattiacorum, as one of its main locations.<sup id="cite_ref-61" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=46" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statistik.hessen.de/sites/statistik.hessen.de/files/2022-10/direktwahlen_09_2022_10102022.xlsx">"Ergebnisse der letzten Direktwahl aller hessischen Landkreise und Gemeinden"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Hessisches_Statistisches_Landesamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt">Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt</a>. 5 September 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221113102212/https://statistik.hessen.de/sites/statistik.hessen.de/files/2022-10/direktwahlen_09_2022_10102022.xlsx">Archived</a> from the original on 13 November 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Ergebnisse+der+letzten+Direktwahl+aller+hessischen+Landkreise+und+Gemeinden&rft.pub=Hessisches+Statistisches+Landesamt&rft.date=2022-09-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatistik.hessen.de%2Fsites%2Fstatistik.hessen.de%2Ffiles%2F2022-10%2Fdirektwahlen_09_2022_10102022.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://statistik.hessen.de/sites/statistik.hessen.de/files/2023-06/ai2_j2022_bevoelkerung_tabelle_2.xlsx">"Bevölkerung in Hessen am 31.12.2022 nach Gemeinden"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(XLS)</span> (in German). <a href="/wiki/Hessisches_Statistisches_Landesamt" class="mw-redirect" title="Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt">Hessisches Statistisches Landesamt</a>. June 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Bev%C3%B6lkerung+in+Hessen+am+31.12.2022+nach+Gemeinden&rft.pub=Hessisches+Statistisches+Landesamt&rft.date=2023-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstatistik.hessen.de%2Fsites%2Fstatistik.hessen.de%2Ffiles%2F2023-06%2Fai2_j2022_bevoelkerung_tabelle_2.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span> </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Wiesbadener Tagblatt</i>. 18 September 2008</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170825021228/https://www.ihk-wiesbaden.de/blob/wiihk24/standort/downloads/3673134/a84f4bcc1fe3be9ec5f85c8a5dfa7b96/Kaufkraft-2016-IHK-Wiesbaden-data.pdf">"Kaufkraft 2017"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>IHK Wiesbaden</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ihk-wiesbaden.de/blob/wiihk24/standort/downloads/3673134/a84f4bcc1fe3be9ec5f85c8a5dfa7b96/Kaufkraft-2016-IHK-Wiesbaden-data.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 August</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=IHK+Wiesbaden&rft.atitle=Kaufkraft+2017&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ihk-wiesbaden.de%2Fblob%2Fwiihk24%2Fstandort%2Fdownloads%2F3673134%2Fa84f4bcc1fe3be9ec5f85c8a5dfa7b96%2FKaufkraft-2016-IHK-Wiesbaden-data.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-sklima-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-sklima_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-sklima_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://sklima.de/datenbank_auswertung.php?tab=2">"Monatsauswertung"</a>. <i>sklima.de</i> (in German). SKlima<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=sklima.de&rft.atitle=Monatsauswertung&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fsklima.de%2Fdatenbank_auswertung.php%3Ftab%3D2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sonnenlaender.de/deutschland/klima-deutschland/klimatabellen-Wiesbaden/">"Weather Information for Wiesbaden"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120426204116/http://www.sonnenlaender.de/deutschland/klima-deutschland/klimatabellen-Wiesbaden/">Archived</a> from the original on 26 April 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weather+Information+for+Wiesbaden&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.sonnenlaender.de%2Fdeutschland%2Fklima-deutschland%2Fklimatabellen-Wiesbaden%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The hypothesis of the Heidenmauer being a remainder of an aquaeduct now has been definitely proven wrong. Further reading see: Klee, Margot: Sperrmauer oder Aquädukt? Zur Deutung der Heidenmauer in Wiesbaden. (Blocking wall or aquaeduct. Re. Interpretation of the Heidenmauer in Wiesbaden). In: NA (Nassauische Annalen) 2014. Eck Werner: Ein praefectus Aquen(sium), kein praefectus aqu(a)e. Zur Inschrift CIL XIII 7279 aus Mainz Kastel (A praefectus Aquen(sium), not a praefectus aqu(a)e. Re. Inscription CIL XIII 7279 from Mainz Kastel). In: NA (Nassauische Annalen) 2014.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Csysz, Walter: Wiesbaden in der Römerzeit. Aalen: Theiss editors, 2000; mentioned by Roman poet <a href="/wiki/Martial" title="Martial">Martial</a>: Epigrammata 14, 27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. p. 12. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=12&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/wiesbaden/index.asp?WT.mc_id=wiki">"Wiesbaden | The Valley of the Communities"</a>. <i>www.yadvashem.org</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130114528/https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/wiesbaden/index.asp?WT.mc_id=wiki">Archived</a> from the original on 30 January 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 January</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.yadvashem.org&rft.atitle=Wiesbaden+%26%23124%3B+The+Valley+of+the+Communities&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.yadvashem.org%2Fyv%2Fen%2Fexhibitions%2Fvalley%2Fwiesbaden%2Findex.asp%3FWT.mc_id%3Dwiki&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFTessin1996" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Tessin, Georg (1996). Zweng, Christian (ed.). <i>Verzeichnis der Friedensgarnisonen 1932–1939 und Stationierungen im Kriege 1939–1945. Wehrkreise VII–XIII</i>. Verbände und Truppen der deutschen Wehrmacht und Waffen-SS im Zweiten Weltkrieg 1939-1945 (in German). Vol. 17. Osnabrück: Biblio Verlag. p. 276. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3764809418" title="Special:BookSources/3764809418"><bdi>3764809418</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Verzeichnis+der+Friedensgarnisonen+1932%E2%80%931939+und+Stationierungen+im+Kriege+1939%E2%80%931945.+Wehrkreise+VII%E2%80%93XIII&rft.place=Osnabr%C3%BCck&rft.series=Verb%C3%A4nde+und+Truppen+der+deutschen+Wehrmacht+und+Waffen-SS+im+Zweiten+Weltkrieg+1939-1945&rft.pages=276&rft.pub=Biblio+Verlag&rft.date=1996&rft.isbn=3764809418&rft.aulast=Tessin&rft.aufirst=Georg&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011_15-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Heinrich-Verlag_GmBH-2011_15-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. p. 80. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=80&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bundesarchiv.de/zwangsarbeit/haftstaetten/index.php?action=2.2&tab=7&id=100001028">"Lager für Sinti und Roma Wiesbaden"</a>. <i>Bundesarchiv.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 January</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bundesarchiv.de&rft.atitle=Lager+f%C3%BCr+Sinti+und+Roma+Wiesbaden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bundesarchiv.de%2Fzwangsarbeit%2Fhaftstaetten%2Findex.php%3Faction%3D2.2%26tab%3D7%26id%3D100001028&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFMegargee2009" class="citation book cs1">Megargee, Geoffrey P. (2009). <i>The United States Holocaust Memorial Museum Encyclopedia of Camps and Ghettos 1933–1945. Volume I</i>. Indiana University Press, United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. p. 842. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-35328-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-35328-3"><bdi>978-0-253-35328-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+United+States+Holocaust+Memorial+Museum+Encyclopedia+of+Camps+and+Ghettos+1933%E2%80%931945.+Volume+I&rft.pages=842&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press%2C+United+States+Holocaust+Memorial+Museum&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=978-0-253-35328-3&rft.aulast=Megargee&rft.aufirst=Geoffrey+P.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Last Offensive by Charles B. MacDonald, Library of Congress Catalog Card Number 71-183070</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130317120017/http://www.eur.army.mil/news/2012/06112014_Wiesbaden_ceremonies.html">"Wiesbaden ceremonies mark key milestones in U.S. Army Europe transition"</a>. Eur.army.mil. 14 June 2012. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.eur.army.mil/news/2012/06112014_Wiesbaden_ceremonies.html">the original</a> on 17 March 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 August</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden+ceremonies+mark+key+milestones+in+U.S.+Army+Europe+transition&rft.pub=Eur.army.mil&rft.date=2012-06-14&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.eur.army.mil%2Fnews%2F2012%2F06112014_Wiesbaden_ceremonies.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFElke_Gruhn2019" class="citation web cs1">Elke Gruhn (9 June 2019). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.schirn.de/en/magazine/context/2019/big_orchestra/fluxus_in_wiesbaden_big_orchestra/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"Fluxus is a big ship on which to take a great excursion"<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>"</a>. Schirn Mag<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22Fluxus+is+a+big+ship+on+which+to+take+a+great+excursion%22&rft.pub=Schirn+Mag&rft.date=2019-06-09&rft.au=Elke+Gruhn&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.schirn.de%2Fen%2Fmagazine%2Fcontext%2F2019%2Fbig_orchestra%2Ffluxus_in_wiesbaden_big_orchestra%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The Duchy of Nassau participated with two regiments of total 6180 men infantry, about half came under fire and mainly 2nd rgt. 1st battalion in the defense of the fortified <a href="/wiki/Hougoumont_Farm" class="mw-redirect" title="Hougoumont Farm">Hougoumont Farm</a>. The duke issued a medal to all surviving participants in 1816. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.nmm.nl/zoeken-in-de-collectie/detail/231159/">https://www.nmm.nl/zoeken-in-de-collectie/detail/231159/</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged March 2021">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. pp. <span class="nowrap">14–</span>15. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E14-%3C%2Fspan%3E15&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_01Mitte.pdf">Ortsbezirk Mitte</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814034558/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_01Mitte.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_02Nordost.pdf">Ortsbezirk Nordost</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816001002/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_02Nordost.pdf">Archived</a> 16 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_06Rheingauviertel.pdf">Ortsbezirk Rheingauviertel</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814074602/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_06Rheingauviertel.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_03Suedost.pdf">Ortsbezirk Südost</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619123823/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_03Suedost.pdf">Archived</a> 19 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_08Westend.pdf">Ortsbezirk Westend</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged July 2018">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_32Auringen.pdf">Ortsbezirk Auringen</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814003435/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_32Auringen.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_14Biebrich.pdf">Ortsbezirk Biebrich</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816212522/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_14Biebrich.pdf">Archived</a> 16 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_12Bierstadt.pdf">Ortsbezirk Bierstadt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120619124224/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_12Bierstadt.pdf">Archived</a> 19 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_34Breckenheim.pdf">Ortsbezirk Breckenheim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120605111004/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_34Breckenheim.pdf">Archived</a> 5 June 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_26Delkenheim.pdf">Ortsbezirk Delkenheim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814112841/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_26Delkenheim.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_16Dotzheim.pdf">Ortsbezirk Dotzheim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110813220509/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_16Dotzheim.pdf">Archived</a> 13 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_13Erbenheim.pdf">Ortsbezirk Erbenheim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814005812/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_13Erbenheim.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_28Frauenstein.pdf">Ortsbezirk Frauenstein</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120815212824/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_28Frauenstein.pdf">Archived</a> 15 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_22Hessloch.pdf">Ortsbezirk Heßloch</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814100209/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_22Hessloch.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_24Igstadt.pdf">Ortsbezirk Igstadt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816012333/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_24Igstadt.pdf">Archived</a> 16 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_07Klarenthal.pdf">Ortsbezirk Klarenthal</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110813221656/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_07Klarenthal.pdf">Archived</a> 13 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_23Kloppenheim.pdf">Ortsbezirk Kloppenheim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120815215836/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_23Kloppenheim.pdf">Archived</a> 15 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_51Amoeneburg.pdf">Ortsbezirk Mainz-Amöneburg</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814043605/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_51Amoeneburg.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_52Kastel.pdf">Ortsbezirk Mainz-Kastel</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120818003458/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_52Kastel.pdf">Archived</a> 18 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_53Kostheim.pdf">Ortsbezirk Mainz-Kostheim</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120818000604/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_53Kostheim.pdf">Archived</a> 18 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_33Medenbach.pdf">Ortsbezirk Medenbach</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613063938/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_33Medenbach.pdf">Archived</a> 13 June 2010 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_31Naurod.pdf">Ortsbezirk Naurod</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814025302/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_31Naurod.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_25Nordenstadt.pdf">Ortsbezirk Nordenstadt</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20111111232141/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_25Nordenstadt.pdf">Archived</a> 11 November 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_21Rambach.pdf">Ortsbezirk Rambach</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110814023359/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_21Rambach.pdf">Archived</a> 14 August 2011 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_27Schierstein.pdf">Ortsbezirk Schierstein</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120817232247/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_27Schierstein.pdf">Archived</a> 17 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i>Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden</i> – <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_11Sonnenberg.pdf">Ortsbezirk Sonnenberg</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120816093731/http://www.wiesbaden.de/medien/dokumente/leben/stadtportrait/1202_11Sonnenberg.pdf">Archived</a> 16 August 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, September 2009</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180625132517/https://www.wiesbaden.de/medien-zentral/dok/leben/stadtportrait/02_Bevoelkerung_Auszug_Statistisches_Jahrbuch.pdf#page=1&zoom=auto,-274,848">"Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden: Statistisches Jahrbuch 2016 – Bevölkerung"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. wiesbaden.de. 26 March 2017. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiesbaden.de/medien-zentral/dok/leben/stadtportrait/02_Bevoelkerung_Auszug_Statistisches_Jahrbuch.pdf#page=1&zoom=auto,-274,848">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 25 June 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Landeshauptstadt+Wiesbaden%3A+Statistisches+Jahrbuch+2016+%E2%80%93+Bev%C3%B6lkerung&rft.pub=wiesbaden.de&rft.date=2017-03-26&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiesbaden.de%2Fmedien-zentral%2Fdok%2Fleben%2Fstadtportrait%2F02_Bevoelkerung_Auszug_Statistisches_Jahrbuch.pdf%23page%3D1%26zoom%3Dauto%2C-274%2C848&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden.de/rathaus/stadtpolitik/oberbuergermeister/amtsvorgaenger.php">"Amtsvorgänger"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20091225153349/http://wiesbaden.de/rathaus/stadtpolitik/oberbuergermeister/amtsvorgaenger.php">Archived</a> from the original on 25 December 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 December</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Amtsvorg%C3%A4nger&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiesbaden.de%2Frathaus%2Fstadtpolitik%2Foberbuergermeister%2Famtsvorgaenger.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190827142846/https://www.wiesbaden.de/rathaus/stadtpolitik/oberbuergermeister/portraet-gert-uwe-mende.php">"Porträt Gert-Uwe Mende | Landeshauptstadt Wiesbaden"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiesbaden.de/rathaus/stadtpolitik/oberbuergermeister/portraet-gert-uwe-mende.php">the original</a> on 27 August 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 August</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Portr%C3%A4t+Gert-Uwe+Mende+%26%23124%3B+Landeshauptstadt+Wiesbaden&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiesbaden.de%2Frathaus%2Fstadtpolitik%2Foberbuergermeister%2Fportraet-gert-uwe-mende.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-f482-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-f482_53-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFReckmann2022" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Reckmann, Madeleine (19 July 2022). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.fr.de/rhein-main/wiesbaden/christiane-hinninger-will-wiesbadener-stadtraetin-werden-91676823.html">"Christiane Hinninger will Wiesbadener Stadträtin werden"</a>. <i>FR.de</i> (in German)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=FR.de&rft.atitle=Christiane+Hinninger+will+Wiesbadener+Stadtr%C3%A4tin+werden&rft.date=2022-07-19&rft.aulast=Reckmann&rft.aufirst=Madeleine&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.fr.de%2Frhein-main%2Fwiesbaden%2Fchristiane-hinninger-will-wiesbadener-stadtraetin-werden-91676823.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-54">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. p. 10. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=10&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-55"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-55">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">It features a wide variety of businesses from restaurants to hotels to banks.<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFHeinrich-Verlag_GmBH2011" class="citation book cs1">Heinrich-Verlag GmBH (2011). <i>Wiesbaden: For Old Friends and New</i>. Heinrich-Verlag GmBH. p. 11. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-89889-167-7"><bdi>978-3-89889-167-7</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Wiesbaden%3A+For+Old+Friends+and+New&rft.pages=11&rft.pub=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-3-89889-167-7&rft.au=Heinrich-Verlag+GmBH&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-56"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-56">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Fish, Todd J. "About". U.S. Army Garrison Wiesbaden. Accessed 11 September 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.wiesbaden.army.mil/about/">http://www.wiesbaden.army.mil/about/</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160919104334/http://www.wiesbaden.army.mil/about/">Archived</a> 19 September 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110719085100/http://staatstheater-wiesbaden.de/?page=theater&subpage=1&language=en_EN">"International May Festival"</a>. <i>staatstheater-wiesbaden.de</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://staatstheater-wiesbaden.de/?page=theater&subpage=1&language=en_EN">the original</a> on 19 July 2011<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 September</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=staatstheater-wiesbaden.de&rft.atitle=International+May+Festival&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fstaatstheater-wiesbaden.de%2F%3Fpage%3Dtheater%26subpage%3D1%26language%3Den_EN&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-58"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-58">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiesbaden.de/leben-in-wiesbaden/stadtportrait/partnerstaedte/index.php">"Partnerstädte"</a>. <i>wiesbaden.de</i> (in German). Wiesbaden. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220727134825/https://www.wiesbaden.de/leben-in-wiesbaden/stadtportrait/partnerstaedte/index.php">Archived</a> from the original on 27 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 February</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=wiesbaden.de&rft.atitle=Partnerst%C3%A4dte&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wiesbaden.de%2Fleben-in-wiesbaden%2Fstadtportrait%2Fpartnerstaedte%2Findex.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-59"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-59">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFStraussRöderCaplanRadvany2014" class="citation book cs1">Strauss, Herbert A.; Röder, Werner; Caplan, Hannah; Radvany, Egon; Möller, Horst; Schneider, Dieter Marc (7 February 2014). "Lazarus-Yafeh, Hava". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=fNKJDwAAQBAJ"><i>The Arts, Sciences, and Literature</i></a>. Walter de Gruyter GmbH & Co KG. p. 699. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-11-097027-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-11-097027-2"><bdi>978-3-11-097027-2</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230918200512/https://books.google.com/books?id=fNKJDwAAQBAJ">Archived</a> from the original on 18 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Lazarus-Yafeh%2C+Hava&rft.btitle=The+Arts%2C+Sciences%2C+and+Literature&rft.pages=699&rft.pub=Walter+de+Gruyter+GmbH+%26+Co+KG&rft.date=2014-02-07&rft.isbn=978-3-11-097027-2&rft.aulast=Strauss&rft.aufirst=Herbert+A.&rft.au=R%C3%B6der%2C+Werner&rft.au=Caplan%2C+Hannah&rft.au=Radvany%2C+Egon&rft.au=M%C3%B6ller%2C+Horst&rft.au=Schneider%2C+Dieter+Marc&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DfNKJDwAAQBAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-60"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-60">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Wagner, Erica, <i>Chief Engineer: Washington Roebling, The Man Who Built the Brooklyn Bridge</i>, New York, Bloomsbury, 2017, p.191ff</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-61"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-61">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFCodex_Regius" class="citation web cs1">Codex Regius. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160806015742/http://corpus-sacrum.de/">"Romanike (by Codex Regius)"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.corpus-sacrum.de">the original</a> on 6 August 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Romanike+%28by+Codex+Regius%29&rft.au=Codex+Regius&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.corpus-sacrum.de&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=47" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626" /><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The meteorological station observed from 1960 to 1986 is Wiesbaden-Dotzheim, and the meteorological station observed from 1987 to present is Wiesbaden-Auringen.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">The information up to 2007 was retrieved from <i>Die Wiesbadener Oberbürgermeister seit dem Bau des neuen Rathauses (1886)</i> (The Wiesbaden Mayors since the construction of the new town mayor hall (1886).)<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&action=edit&section=48" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/60px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wiesbaden" class="extiw" title="commons:Wiesbaden"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Wiesbaden</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1235681985" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1237033735" /><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409" /> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/40px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/60px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/80px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikivoyage has a travel guide for <i><b><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Wiesbaden#Q1721" class="extiw" title="wikivoyage:Wiesbaden">Wiesbaden</a></b></i>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wiesbaden.de/en/">Official website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/wiesbaden/index.asp?WT.mc_id=wiki">The Jewish Community of Wiesbaden</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230130114528/https://www.yadvashem.org/yv/en/exhibitions/valley/wiesbaden/index.asp?WT.mc_id=wiki">Archived</a> 30 January 2023 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> on the <a href="/wiki/Yad_Vashem" title="Yad Vashem">Yad Vashem</a> website</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stadtpanoramen.de/en/wiesbaden/wiesbaden.html">Wiesbaden City Panoramas</a> – Panoramic Views and virtual Tours</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbaden-photos.com/">Photos of Wiesbaden</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wiesbadenunddrumherum.de/">More Photos of Wiesbaden</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120722163036/http://www.wiesbadenunddrumherum.de/">Archived</a> 22 July 2012 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://wiesbadendailyphoto.blogspot.com/">Wiesbaden Daily Photos</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20061031071325/http://www.wiesbaden-cam.de/">Webcam to Wiesbaden (Remote-Control Pan-Tilt)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20071023044158/http://wp1088285.wp123.webpack.hosteurope.de/webcamwbn.htm">23 live webcams to Wiesbaden</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070312050955/http://www.witcom.de/index.php?option=com_witcam&Itemid=71%2F">Webcam to Railway-Station Wiesbaden</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180928124640/http://www.wiesbaden.army.mil/">Wiesbaden U.S. Army Garrison</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222" /><cite id="CITEREFChisholm1911" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a href="/wiki/Hugh_Chisholm" title="Hugh Chisholm">Chisholm, Hugh</a>, ed. (1911). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:1911 Encyclopædia Britannica/Wiesbaden"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/1911_Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica/Wiesbaden">"Wiesbaden" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica_Eleventh_Edition" title="Encyclopædia Britannica Eleventh Edition">Encyclopædia Britannica</a></i> (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Wiesbaden&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.edition=11th&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=1911&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AWiesbaden" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul 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aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Wiesbaden28" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Wiesbaden28" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Wiesbaden</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Koblenz" title="Koblenz">Koblenz</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Limburg_an_der_Lahn" title="Limburg an der Lahn">Limburg an der Lahn</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Bad_Homburg" title="Bad Homburg">Bad Homburg</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/R%C3%BCdesheim_am_Rhein" title="Rüdesheim am Rhein">Rüdesheim am Rhein</a></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em">Wiesbaden</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt_am_Main" class="mw-redirect" title="Frankfurt am Main">Frankfurt am Main</a></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></td> <td><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_states_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany328" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Capitals_of_the_states_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Template:Capitals of the states of the Federal Republic of Germany"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Capitals_of_the_states_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Template talk:Capitals of the states of the Federal Republic of Germany"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Capitals_of_the_states_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Capitals of the states of the Federal Republic of Germany"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_states_of_the_Federal_Republic_of_Germany328" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of <a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">states of the Federal Republic of Germany</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Capitals of area states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Saxony" title="Saxony">Saxony</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Thuringia" title="Thuringia">Thuringia</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Lower_Saxony" title="Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Schleswig-Holstein" title="Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Saxony-Anhalt" title="Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bavaria" title="Bavaria">Bavaria</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Brandenburg" title="Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Saarland" title="Saarland">Saarland</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwerin" title="Schwerin">Schwerin</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a>)</span></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wiesbaden</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a>)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/City-state" title="City-state">City-states</a><sup><small>1</small></sup></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">City of Bremen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/Bremen_(state)" title="Bremen (state)">State of Bremen</a>)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Capitals of former states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Freiburg_im_Breisgau" title="Freiburg im Breisgau">Freiburg im Breisgau</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/South_Baden" title="South Baden">South Baden</a>, 1949–1952)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg-Baden" title="Württemberg-Baden">Württemberg-Baden</a>, 1949–1952)</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/T%C3%BCbingen" title="Tübingen">Tübingen</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(<a href="/wiki/W%C3%BCrttemberg-Hohenzollern" title="Württemberg-Hohenzollern">Württemberg-Hohenzollern</a>, 1949–1952)</span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><sup><small>1</small></sup> Unlike the mono-city states Berlin and Hamburg, the State of Bremen consists of two cities, thus state and capital are not identical.</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_European_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of European capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_European_states_and_territories937" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Capitals of European states and territories</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Capitals of <a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">dependent territories</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">states whose sovereignty is disputed</a> shown in <i>italics</i>.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sovereign states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a></b>, Netherlands<sup>1</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Andorra_la_Vella" title="Andorra la Vella">Andorra la Vella</a></b>, Andorra</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></b>, Turkey<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></b>, Kazakhstan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Athens" title="Athens">Athens</a></b>, Greece</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></b>, Azerbaijan<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Belgrade" title="Belgrade">Belgrade</a></b>, Serbia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b>, Germany</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bern" title="Bern">Bern</a></b>, Switzerland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bratislava" title="Bratislava">Bratislava</a></b>, Slovakia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Brussels" title="Brussels">Brussels</a></b>, Belgium<sup>3</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bucharest" title="Bucharest">Bucharest</a></b>, Romania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Budapest" title="Budapest">Budapest</a></b>, Hungary</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Chi%C8%99in%C4%83u" title="Chișinău">Chișinău</a></b>, Moldova</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Copenhagen" title="Copenhagen">Copenhagen</a></b>, Denmark</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dublin" title="Dublin">Dublin</a></b>, Ireland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Helsinki" title="Helsinki">Helsinki</a></b>, Finland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a></b>, Ukraine</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Lisbon" title="Lisbon">Lisbon</a></b>, Portugal</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ljubljana" title="Ljubljana">Ljubljana</a></b>, Slovenia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b>, United Kingdom</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Luxembourg_City" title="Luxembourg City">Luxembourg</a></b>, Luxembourg</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b>, Spain</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a></b>, Belarus</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Monaco" title="Monaco">Monaco</a></b><sup>5</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b>, Russia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Nicosia" title="Nicosia">Nicosia</a></b>, Cyprus<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Oslo" title="Oslo">Oslo</a></b>, Norway</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></b>, France</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Podgorica" title="Podgorica">Podgorica</a></b>, Montenegro</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Prague" title="Prague">Prague</a></b>, Czech Republic</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Reykjav%C3%ADk" title="Reykjavík">Reykjavík</a></b>, Iceland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Riga" title="Riga">Riga</a></b>, Latvia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Rome" title="Rome">Rome</a></b>, Italy</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_San_Marino" title="City of San Marino">San Marino</a></b>, San Marino</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b>, Bosnia and Herzegovina</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Skopje" title="Skopje">Skopje</a></b>, North Macedonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sofia" title="Sofia">Sofia</a></b>, Bulgaria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Stockholm" title="Stockholm">Stockholm</a></b>, Sweden</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a></b>, Estonia</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tbilisi" title="Tbilisi">Tbilisi</a></b>, Georgia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tirana" title="Tirana">Tirana</a></b>, Albania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vaduz" title="Vaduz">Vaduz</a></b>, Liechtenstein</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Valletta" title="Valletta">Valletta</a></b>, Malta</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vatican_City" title="Vatican City">Vatican City</a></b><sup>4</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b>, Austria</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vilnius" title="Vilnius">Vilnius</a></b>, Lithuania</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Warsaw" title="Warsaw">Warsaw</a></b>, Poland</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Yerevan" title="Yerevan">Yerevan</a></b>, Armenia<sup>2</sup></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Zagreb" title="Zagreb">Zagreb</a></b>, Croatia</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">States with<br />limited recognition</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/North_Nicosia" title="North Nicosia">North Nicosia</a></b>, Northern Cyprus</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pristina" title="Pristina">Pristina</a></b>, Kosovo</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sokhumi" class="mw-redirect" title="Sokhumi">Sokhumi</a></b>, Abkhazia</i><sup>2</sup></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tiraspol" title="Tiraspol">Tiraspol</a></b>, Transnistria</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tskhinvali" title="Tskhinvali">Tskhinvali</a></b>, South Ossetia</i><sup>2</sup></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Dependencies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Countries_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Countries of the United Kingdom">Constituent countries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/London" title="London">London</a></b></i>, England</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Edinburgh" title="Edinburgh">Edinburgh</a></b></i>, Scotland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cardiff" title="Cardiff">Cardiff</a></b></i>, Wales</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belfast" title="Belfast">Belfast</a></b></i>, Northern Ireland</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Crown_Dependencies" title="Crown Dependencies">Crown Dependencies</a> and<br /><a href="/wiki/British_Overseas_Territories" title="British Overseas Territories">Overseas Territories</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Douglas,_Isle_of_Man" title="Douglas, Isle of Man">Douglas</a></b></i>, Isle of Man</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a></b></i>, Akrotiri and Dhekelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gibraltar" title="Gibraltar">Gibraltar</a></b></i>, Gibraltar</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St_Helier" title="St Helier">St Helier</a></b></i>, Jersey</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Peter_Port" title="Saint Peter Port">Saint Peter Port</a></b></i>, Guernsey</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Longyearbyen" title="Longyearbyen">Longyearbyen</a></b>, Svalbard (Norway)</i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/T%C3%B3rshavn" title="Tórshavn">Tórshavn</a></b>, Faroe Islands (Denmark)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Federal states</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Provinces_of_Austria" class="mw-redirect" title="Provinces of Austria">Austria</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bregenz" title="Bregenz">Bregenz</a></b></i>, Vorarlberg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a></b></i>, Burgenland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Graz" title="Graz">Graz</a></b></i>, Styria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Innsbruck" title="Innsbruck">Innsbruck</a></b></i>, Tyrol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Klagenfurt" class="mw-redirect" title="Klagenfurt">Klagenfurt</a></b></i>, Carinthia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Linz" title="Linz">Linz</a></b></i>, Upper Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Salzburg" title="Salzburg">Salzburg</a></b></i>, Salzburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sankt_P%C3%B6lten" title="Sankt Pölten">Sankt Pölten</a></b></i>, Lower Austria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vienna" title="Vienna">Vienna</a></b></i>, Vienna</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Belgium" title="Belgium">Belgium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Communities" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Communities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Flemish Community and French Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Eupen" title="Eupen">Eupen</a></b></i>, German-speaking Community</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Communities,_regions_and_language_areas_of_Belgium#Regions" class="mw-redirect" title="Communities, regions and language areas of Belgium">Regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/City_of_Brussels" title="City of Brussels">Brussels</a></b></i>, Brussels-Capital Region and Flanders</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Namur" title="Namur">Namur</a></b></i>, Wallonia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Political_divisions_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Political divisions of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Banja_Luka" title="Banja Luka">Banja Luka</a></b></i> (de facto), Republika Srpska</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Br%C4%8Dko" title="Brčko">Brčko</a></b></i>, Brčko District</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarajevo" title="Sarajevo">Sarajevo</a></b></i>, Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/States_of_Germany" title="States of Germany">Germany</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Berlin" title="Berlin">Berlin</a></b></i>, Berlin</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bremen" title="Bremen">Bremen</a></b></i>, Bremen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Dresden" title="Dresden">Dresden</a></b></i>, Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCsseldorf" title="Düsseldorf">Düsseldorf</a></b></i>, North Rhine-Westphalia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Erfurt" title="Erfurt">Erfurt</a></b></i>, Thuringia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hamburg" title="Hamburg">Hamburg</a></b></i>, Hamburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Hanover" title="Hanover">Hanover</a></b></i>, Lower Saxony</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kiel" title="Kiel">Kiel</a></b></i>, Schleswig-Holstein</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magdeburg" title="Magdeburg">Magdeburg</a></b></i>, Saxony-Anhalt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mainz" title="Mainz">Mainz</a></b></i>, Rhineland-Palatinate</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Munich" title="Munich">Munich</a></b></i>, Bavaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Potsdam" title="Potsdam">Potsdam</a></b></i>, Brandenburg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saarbr%C3%BCcken" title="Saarbrücken">Saarbrücken</a></b></i>, Saarland</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwerin" title="Schwerin">Schwerin</a></b></i>, Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stuttgart" title="Stuttgart">Stuttgart</a></b></i>, Baden-Württemberg</li> <li><i><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wiesbaden</a></b></i>, Hesse</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Federal_subjects_of_Russia" title="Federal subjects of Russia">Russia</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Republics_of_Russia" title="Republics of Russia">Republics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cheboksary" title="Cheboksary">Cheboksary</a></b></i>, Chuvashia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cherkessk" title="Cherkessk">Cherkessk</a></b></i>, Karachay-Cherkessia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Elista" title="Elista">Elista</a></b></i>, Kalmykia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Grozny" title="Grozny">Grozny</a></b></i>, Chechnya</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Izhevsk" title="Izhevsk">Izhevsk</a></b></i>, Udmurtia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kazan" title="Kazan">Kazan</a></b></i>, Tatarstan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Magas,_Russia" title="Magas, Russia">Magas</a></b></i>, Ingushetia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Makhachkala" title="Makhachkala">Makhachkala</a></b></i>, Dagestan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Maykop" title="Maykop">Maykop</a></b></i>, Adygea</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nalchik" title="Nalchik">Nalchik</a></b></i>, Kabardino-Balkaria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Petrozavodsk" title="Petrozavodsk">Petrozavodsk</a></b></i>, Karelia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saransk" title="Saransk">Saransk</a></b></i>, Mordovia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Syktyvkar" title="Syktyvkar">Syktyvkar</a></b></i>, Komi</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ufa" title="Ufa">Ufa</a></b></i>, Bashkortostan</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladikavkaz" title="Vladikavkaz">Vladikavkaz</a></b></i>, North Ossetia–Alania</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yoshkar-Ola" title="Yoshkar-Ola">Yoshkar-Ola</a></b></i>, Mari El</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_okrugs_of_Russia" title="Autonomous okrugs of Russia">Autonomous okrugs</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Naryan-Mar" title="Naryan-Mar">Naryan-Mar</a></b></i>, Nenets</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Krais_of_Russia" title="Krais of Russia">Krais</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnodar" title="Krasnodar">Krasnodar</a></b></i>, Krasnodar Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Perm,_Russia" title="Perm, Russia">Perm</a></b></i>, Perm Krai</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stavropol" title="Stavropol">Stavropol</a></b></i>, Stavropol Krai</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Oblasts_of_Russia" title="Oblasts of Russia">Oblasts</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Arkhangelsk" title="Arkhangelsk">Arkhangelsk</a></b></i>, Arkhangelsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Astrakhan" title="Astrakhan">Astrakhan</a></b></i>, Astrakhan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Belgorod" title="Belgorod">Belgorod</a></b></i>, Belgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bryansk" title="Bryansk">Bryansk</a></b></i>, Bryansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ivanovo" title="Ivanovo">Ivanovo</a></b></i>, Ivanovo Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaliningrad" title="Kaliningrad">Kaliningrad</a></b></i>, Kaliningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kaluga" title="Kaluga">Kaluga</a></b></i>, Kaluga Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kirov,_Kirov_Oblast" title="Kirov, Kirov Oblast">Kirov</a></b></i>, Kirov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kostroma" title="Kostroma">Kostroma</a></b></i>, Kostroma Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Krasnogorsk,_Moscow_Oblast" title="Krasnogorsk, Moscow Oblast">Krasnogorsk</a> and <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i>, Moscow Oblast (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Kursk" title="Kursk">Kursk</a></b></i>, Kursk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lipetsk" title="Lipetsk">Lipetsk</a></b></i>, Lipetsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murmansk" title="Murmansk">Murmansk</a></b></i>, Murmansk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nizhny_Novgorod" title="Nizhny Novgorod">Nizhny Novgorod</a></b></i>, Nizhny Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Orenburg" title="Orenburg">Orenburg</a></b></i>, Orenburg Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oryol" title="Oryol">Oryol</a></b></i>, Oryol Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Penza" title="Penza">Penza</a></b></i>, Penza Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pskov" title="Pskov">Pskov</a></b></i>, Pskov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Rostov-on-Don" title="Rostov-on-Don">Rostov-on-Don</a></b></i>, Rostov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ryazan" title="Ryazan">Ryazan</a></b></i>, Ryazan Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Gatchina" title="Gatchina">Gatchina</a></b></i>, Leningrad Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Samara" title="Samara">Samara</a></b></i>, Samara Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saratov" title="Saratov">Saratov</a></b></i>, Saratov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Smolensk" title="Smolensk">Smolensk</a></b></i>, Smolensk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tambov" title="Tambov">Tambov</a></b></i>, Tambov Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tula,_Russia" title="Tula, Russia">Tula</a></b></i>, Tula Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Tver" title="Tver">Tver</a></b></i>, Tver Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ulyanovsk" title="Ulyanovsk">Ulyanovsk</a></b></i>, Ulyanovsk Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Veliky_Novgorod" title="Veliky Novgorod">Veliky Novgorod</a></b></i>, Novgorod Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vladimir,_Russia" title="Vladimir, Russia">Vladimir</a></b></i>, Vladimir Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Volgograd" title="Volgograd">Volgograd</a></b></i>, Volgograd Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vologda" title="Vologda">Vologda</a></b></i>, Vologda Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Voronezh" title="Voronezh">Voronezh</a></b></i>, Voronezh Oblast</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Yaroslavl" title="Yaroslavl">Yaroslavl</a></b></i>, Yaroslavl Oblast</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Federal_cities_of_Russia" title="Federal cities of Russia">Federal cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a></b></i></li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sevastopol" title="Sevastopol">Sevastopol</a></b></i> (<a href="/wiki/Political_status_of_Crimea" title="Political status of Crimea">disputed</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cantons_of_Switzerland" title="Cantons of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aarau" title="Aarau">Aarau</a></b></i>, Aargau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Altdorf,_Uri" title="Altdorf, Uri">Altdorf</a></b></i>, Uri</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Appenzell_(village)" title="Appenzell (village)">Appenzell</a></b></i>, Appenzell Innerrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Basel" title="Basel">Basel</a></b></i>, Basel-Stadt</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Bellinzona" title="Bellinzona">Bellinzona</a></b></i>, Ticino</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Chur" title="Chur">Chur</a></b></i>, Grisons</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Del%C3%A9mont" title="Delémont">Delémont</a></b></i>, Jura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Frauenfeld" title="Frauenfeld">Frauenfeld</a></b></i>, Thurgau</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Fribourg" title="Fribourg">Fribourg</a></b></i>, Canton of Fribourg</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Geneva" title="Geneva">Geneva</a></b></i>, Canton of Geneva</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Herisau" title="Herisau">Herisau</a></b></i>, Appenzell Ausserrhoden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lausanne" title="Lausanne">Lausanne</a></b></i>, Vaud</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Liestal" title="Liestal">Liestal</a></b></i>, Basel-Landschaft</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Lucerne" title="Lucerne">Lucerne</a></b></i>, Canton of Lucerne</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Neuch%C3%A2tel" title="Neuchâtel">Neuchâtel</a></b></i>, Canton of Neuchâtel</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sarnen" title="Sarnen">Sarnen</a></b></i>, Obwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schaffhausen" title="Schaffhausen">Schaffhausen</a></b></i>, Canton of Schaffhausen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Schwyz" title="Schwyz">Schwyz</a></b></i>, Canton of Schwyz</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Sion,_Switzerland" title="Sion, Switzerland">Sion</a></b></i>, Valais</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Solothurn" title="Solothurn">Solothurn</a></b></i>, Canton of Solothurn</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Stans" title="Stans">Stans</a></b></i>, Nidwalden</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/St._Gallen" title="St. Gallen">St. Gallen</a></b></i>, Canton of St. Gallen</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Glarus" title="Glarus">Glarus</a></b></i>, Canton of Glarus</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zug" title="Zug">Zug</a></b></i>, Canton of Zug</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zurich" title="Zurich">Zurich</a></b></i>, Canton of Zürich</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Autonomous<br />entities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Italy" title="Italy">Italy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions79" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Regions_of_Italy#Autonomous_regions_with_special_statute" title="Regions of Italy">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Cagliari" title="Cagliari">Cagliari</a></b></i>, Sardinia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palermo" title="Palermo">Palermo</a></b></i>, Sicily</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trento" title="Trento">Trento</a></b></i>, Trentino-Alto Adige/Südtirol</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Aosta" title="Aosta">Aosta</a></b></i>, Aosta Valley</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Trieste" title="Trieste">Trieste</a></b></i>, Friuli Venezia Giulia</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Autonomous_regions53" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Autonomous_regions_of_Portugal" class="mw-redirect" title="Autonomous regions of Portugal">Autonomous regions</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ponta_Delgada" title="Ponta Delgada">Ponta Delgada</a>, <a href="/wiki/Angra_do_Hero%C3%ADsmo" title="Angra do Heroísmo">Angra do Heroísmo</a>, & <a href="/wiki/Horta,_Azores" title="Horta, Azores">Horta</a></b></i>, Azores</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Funchal" title="Funchal">Funchal</a></b></i>, Madeira</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain">Spain</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Barcelona" title="Barcelona">Barcelona</a></b></i>, Catalonia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Las_Palmas" title="Las Palmas">Las Palmas</a></b></i> & <i><b><a href="/wiki/Santa_Cruz_de_Tenerife" title="Santa Cruz de Tenerife">Santa Cruz de Tenerife</a></b></i>, Canary Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Logro%C3%B1o" title="Logroño">Logroño</a></b></i>, La Rioja</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a></b></i>, Community of Madrid</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Spain" title="Mérida, Spain">Mérida</a></b></i>, Extremadura</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Murcia" title="Murcia">Murcia</a></b></i>, Region of Murcia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Oviedo" title="Oviedo">Oviedo</a></b></i>, Asturias</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Palma_de_Mallorca" title="Palma de Mallorca">Palma de Mallorca</a></b></i>, Balearic Islands</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Pamplona" title="Pamplona">Pamplona</a></b></i>, Navarre</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santander,_Spain" title="Santander, Spain">Santander</a></b></i>, Cantabria</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Santiago_de_Compostela" title="Santiago de Compostela">Santiago de Compostela</a></b></i>, Galicia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Seville" title="Seville">Seville</a></b></i>, Andalusia</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Toledo,_Spain" title="Toledo, Spain">Toledo</a></b></i>, Castilla–La Mancha (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valencia" title="Valencia">Valencia</a></b></i>, Valencian Community</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Valladolid" title="Valladolid">Valladolid</a></b></i>, Castile and León (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Vitoria-Gasteiz" title="Vitoria-Gasteiz">Vitoria-Gasteiz</a></b></i>, Basque Country (de facto)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Zaragoza" title="Zaragoza">Zaragoza</a></b></i>, Aragon</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Ajaccio" title="Ajaccio">Ajaccio</a></b></i>, Corsica Collectivité (France)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Batumi" title="Batumi">Batumi</a></b></i>, Adjara (Georgia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Comrat" title="Comrat">Comrat</a></b></i>, Gagauzia (Moldova)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Karyes,_Mount_Athos" title="Karyes, Mount Athos">Karyes</a></b></i>, Mount Athos (Greece)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Mariehamn" title="Mariehamn">Mariehamn</a></b></i>, Åland Islands (Finland)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Nakhchivan_(city)" title="Nakhchivan (city)">Nakhchivan</a></b></i>, Nakhchivan (Azerbaijan)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Novi_Sad" title="Novi Sad">Novi Sad</a></b></i>, Vojvodina (Serbia)</li> <li><i><b><a href="/wiki/Simferopol" title="Simferopol">Simferopol</a></b></i>, Crimea (Ukraine)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>1</sup></span> Also the capital of the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_the_Netherlands" title="Kingdom of the Netherlands">Kingdom of the Netherlands</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>2</sup></span> Continental placement may vary <a href="/wiki/Boundaries_between_the_continents_of_Earth#Asia_and_Europe" class="mw-redirect" title="Boundaries between the continents of Earth">depending on geographic convention</a> being followed</li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>3</sup></span> Also the seat of the European Union, see <a href="/wiki/Institutional_seats_of_the_European_Union" title="Institutional seats of the European Union">Institutional seats of the European Union</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brussels_and_the_European_Union" title="Brussels and the European Union">Brussels and the European Union</a></li> <li><span style="position: relative; top: 0.2em;"><sup>4</sup></span> A city-state</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Hesse_Urban_and_rural_districts_in_the_state_of_Hesse_in_Germany_border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Germany1177" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Hesse" title="Template:Germany districts Hesse"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Germany_districts_Hesse" title="Template talk:Germany districts Hesse"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Germany_districts_Hesse" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Germany districts Hesse"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Hesse_Urban_and_rural_districts_in_the_state_of_Hesse_in_Germany_border&#124;30px&#124;Flag_of_Germany1177" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Hesse.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Hesse"><img alt="Flag of Hesse" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Hesse.svg/30px-Flag_of_Hesse.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Hesse.svg/45px-Flag_of_Hesse.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Hesse.svg/60px-Flag_of_Hesse.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> Urban and rural districts in the state of <a href="/wiki/Hesse" title="Hesse">Hesse</a> in Germany <span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Germany.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Germany"><img alt="Flag of Germany" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/30px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/45px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/b/ba/Flag_of_Germany.svg/60px-Flag_of_Germany.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Kassel_government_region197" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kassel_(region)" title="Kassel (region)">Kassel</a> <a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">government region</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">Urban Districts</a><br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Kreisfreie_Stadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kreisfreie Stadt">kreisfreie Städte</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kassel" title="Kassel">Kassel</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural districts<br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Landkreis" class="mw-redirect" title="Landkreis">Landkreise</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fulda_(district)" title="Fulda (district)">Landkreis Fulda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hersfeld-Rotenburg" title="Hersfeld-Rotenburg">Landkreis Hersfeld-Rotenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kassel_(district)" title="Kassel (district)">Landkreis Kassel (rural district)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Schwalm-Eder-Kreis" title="Schwalm-Eder-Kreis">Schwalm-Eder-Kreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waldeck-Frankenberg" title="Waldeck-Frankenberg">Landkreis Waldeck-Frankenberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werra-Mei%C3%9Fner-Kreis" title="Werra-Meißner-Kreis">Werra-Meißner-Kreis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Darmstadt_government_region203" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt_(region)" title="Darmstadt (region)">Darmstadt</a> <a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">government region</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">Urban Districts</a><br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Kreisfreie_Stadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kreisfreie Stadt">kreisfreie Städte</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt" title="Darmstadt">Darmstadt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Frankfurt" title="Frankfurt">Frankfurt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offenbach_am_Main" title="Offenbach am Main">Offenbach</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wiesbaden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural districts<br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Landkreis" class="mw-redirect" title="Landkreis">Landkreise</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bergstra%C3%9Fe_(district)" title="Bergstraße (district)">Landkreis Bergstraße </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darmstadt-Dieburg" title="Darmstadt-Dieburg">Landkreis Darmstadt-Dieburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gro%C3%9F-Gerau_(district)" title="Groß-Gerau (district)">Landkreis Groß-Gerau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hochtaunuskreis" title="Hochtaunuskreis">Hochtaunuskreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main-Kinzig-Kreis" title="Main-Kinzig-Kreis">Main-Kinzig-Kreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Main-Taunus-Kreis" title="Main-Taunus-Kreis">Main-Taunus-Kreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Odenwaldkreis" title="Odenwaldkreis">Odenwaldkreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Offenbach_(district)" title="Offenbach (district)">Landkreis Offenbach </a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis" title="Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis">Rheingau-Taunus-Kreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wetteraukreis" title="Wetteraukreis">Wetteraukreis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible expanded navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Giessen_government_region199" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Giessen_(region)" title="Giessen (region)">Giessen</a> <a href="/wiki/Regierungsbezirk" title="Regierungsbezirk">government region</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">Urban Districts</a><br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Kreisfreie_Stadt" class="mw-redirect" title="Kreisfreie Stadt">kreisfreie Städte</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em">none</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Rural districts<br /><i>(<a href="/wiki/Landkreis" class="mw-redirect" title="Landkreis">Landkreise</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Giessen_(district)" title="Giessen (district)">Landkreis Giessen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahn-Dill-Kreis" title="Lahn-Dill-Kreis">Lahn-Dill-Kreis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limburg-Weilburg" title="Limburg-Weilburg">Landkreis Limburg-Weilburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marburg-Biedenkopf" title="Marburg-Biedenkopf">Landkreis Marburg-Biedenkopf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vogelsbergkreis" title="Vogelsbergkreis">Vogelsbergkreis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/Districts_of_Germany" title="Districts of Germany">Districts</a> of German states</b> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_districts_of_Germany" title="List of districts of Germany">Full list</a>) <div class="hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Baden-W%C3%BCrttemberg" title="Template:Germany districts Baden-Württemberg">Baden-Württemberg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Bavaria" title="Template:Germany districts Bavaria">Bavaria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Brandenburg" title="Template:Germany districts Brandenburg">Brandenburg</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Bremen" title="Template:Germany districts Bremen">Bremen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Hesse" title="Template:Germany districts Hesse">Hesse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Lower_Saxony" title="Template:Germany districts Lower Saxony">Lower Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Districts_of_Mecklenburg-Vorpommern" title="Template:Districts of Mecklenburg-Vorpommern">Mecklenburg-Vorpommern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_North_Rhine-Westphalia" title="Template:Germany districts North Rhine-Westphalia">North Rhine-Westphalia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Rhineland-Palatinate" title="Template:Germany districts Rhineland-Palatinate">Rhineland-Palatinate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Saarland" title="Template:Germany districts Saarland">Saarland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Saxony" title="Template:Germany districts Saxony">Saxony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Saxony-Anhalt" title="Template:Germany districts Saxony-Anhalt">Saxony-Anhalt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Schleswig-Holstein" title="Template:Germany districts Schleswig-Holstein">Schleswig-Holstein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Germany_districts_Thuringia" title="Template:Germany districts Thuringia">Thuringia</a></li></ul> </div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Royal_Tunbridge_Wells267" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231" /><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Template:Royal Tunbridge Wells"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Template talk:Royal Tunbridge Wells"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Royal Tunbridge Wells"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Royal_Tunbridge_Wells267" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Royal Tunbridge Wells">Royal Tunbridge Wells</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Locations within<br />Tunbridge Wells</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hawkenbury,_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Hawkenbury, Tunbridge Wells">Hawkenbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Brooms" title="High Brooms">High Brooms</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Langton_Green" title="Langton Green">Langton Green</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rusthall" title="Rusthall">Rusthall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pantiles" title="The Pantiles">The Pantiles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Buildings</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/High_Brooms_railway_station" title="High Brooms railway station">High Brooms station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High_Rocks_railway_station" title="High Rocks railway station"><i>High Rocks halt</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Theatre" title="Trinity Theatre">Holy Trinity Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medway_watermills_(upper_tributaries)#Hungershall_Forge" title="Medway watermills (upper tributaries)">Hungershall Forge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kent_and_Sussex_Hospital" title="Kent and Sussex Hospital">Kent and Sussex Hospital</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Church_of_King_Charles_the_Martyr,_Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Church of King Charles the Martyr, Royal Tunbridge Wells">King Charles the Martyr Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Victoria_Place" title="Royal Victoria Place">Royal Victoria Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Mark%27s_Church,_Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="St Mark's Church, Royal Tunbridge Wells">St Mark's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Church,_Rusthall" title="St Paul's Church, Rusthall">St Paul's Church</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Teise#Standings_Mill,_Broomhill,_Tunbridge_Wells" title="River Teise">Standings Mill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opera_House,_Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Opera House, Royal Tunbridge Wells">The Opera House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_railway_station" title="Tunbridge Wells railway station">Tunbridge Wells station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_West_railway_station" title="Tunbridge Wells West railway station">Tunbridge Wells West station</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Businesses</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/BBC_South_East" title="BBC South East">BBC South East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freight_Transport_Association" class="mw-redirect" title="Freight Transport Association">Freight Transport Association</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kent_and_Sussex_Courier" title="Kent and Sussex Courier">Kent and Sussex Courier</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Subbuteo" title="Subbuteo">Subbuteo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="List of people from Royal Tunbridge Wells">List of people from Royal Tunbridge Wells</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disgusted_of_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Disgusted of Tunbridge Wells">Disgusted of Tunbridge Wells</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religion</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_places_of_worship_in_Tunbridge_Wells_(borough)" title="List of places of worship in Tunbridge Wells (borough)">List of places of worship</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_(UK_Parliament_constituency)" title="Tunbridge Wells (UK Parliament constituency)">Tunbridge Wells constituency</a> (since 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borough_of_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Borough of Tunbridge Wells">Tunbridge Wells borough</a> (since 1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_Borough_Council_elections" title="Tunbridge Wells Borough Council elections">Local elections</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Schools and colleges</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beechwood_School,_Royal_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Beechwood School, Royal Tunbridge Wells">Beechwood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bennett_Memorial_Diocesan_School" title="Bennett Memorial Diocesan School">Bennett Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Skinners%27_School" title="The Skinners' School">The Skinners'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/St_Gregory%27s_Catholic_School" title="St Gregory's Catholic School">St Gregory's</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_Grammar_School_for_Boys" title="Tunbridge Wells Grammar School for Boys">Tunbridge Wells Boys Grammar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_Girls%27_Grammar_School" title="Tunbridge Wells Girls' Grammar School">Tunbridge Wells Girls' Grammar School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K_College" title="K College">K College</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Skinners%27_Kent_Academy" title="The Skinners' Kent Academy">The Skinners' Academy</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sport, leisure and the arts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_Hall_Theatre,_Tunbridge_Wells" title="Assembly Hall Theatre, Tunbridge Wells">Assembly Hall Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_Kent" title="BBC Radio Kent">BBC Radio Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunorlan_Park" title="Dunorlan Park">Dunorlan Park</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High_Rocks" title="High Rocks">High Rocks</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Forum,_Tunbridge_Wells" title="The Forum, Tunbridge Wells">The Forum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ice_Melters_Curling_Club" title="Ice Melters Curling Club">Ice Melters Curling Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/KMFM_West_Kent" title="KMFM West Kent">KMFM West Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linden_Park_Cricket_Club" title="Linden Park Cricket Club">Linden Park Cricket Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nevill_Ground" title="Nevill Ground">Nevill Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_East_Today" class="mw-redirect" title="South East Today">South East Today</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spa_Valley_Railway" title="Spa Valley Railway">Spa Valley Railway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinity_Theatre" title="Trinity Theatre">Trinity Theatre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_ware" title="Tunbridge ware">Tunbridge ware</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_Cricket_Week" title="Tunbridge Wells Cricket Week">Tunbridge Wells Cricket Week</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_Cricket_Club" title="Tunbridge Wells Cricket Club">Tunbridge Wells Cricket Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_F.C." title="Tunbridge Wells F.C.">Tunbridge Wells Football Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_Half_Marathon" title="Tunbridge Wells Half Marathon">Tunbridge Wells Half Marathon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tunbridge_Wells_RFC" title="Tunbridge Wells RFC">Tunbridge Wells Rugby Club</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Twin towns</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Wiesbaden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i>Italics denote places in East Sussex included as they are generally considered part of Tunbridge Wells.</i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374" /><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235" /><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319" /></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1721#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2145" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1721#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata2145" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1721#identifiers" title="Edit this at Wikidata"><img alt="Edit this at Wikidata" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4066043-6">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wiesbaden (Germany)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50070589">United States</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865892t">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11865892t">BnF data</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Wiesbaden (Německo)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge340563&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX5875749">Spain</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kopkatalogs.lv/F?func=direct&local_base=lnc10&doc_number=000282831&P_CON_LNG=ENG">Latvia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://katalog.nsk.hr/F/?func=direct&doc_number=000631291&local_base=nsk10">Croatia</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nli.org.il/en/authorities/987007557373605171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Geographic</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/00ed07a5-acd7-4217-a37a-72ebf08349b6">MusicBrainz area</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/026405644">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10044945">NARA</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?useformat=desktop&type=1x1&usesul3=0" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&oldid=1275617290">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wiesbaden&oldid=1275617290</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" 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