CINXE.COM

<!DOCTYPE html> <html lang="en" dir="ltr"> <head>  <script async src="https://www.googletagmanager.com/gtag/js?id=G-P63WKM1TM1"></script> <script> window.dataLayer = window.dataLayer || []; function gtag(){dataLayer.push(arguments);} gtag('js', new Date()); gtag('config', 'G-P63WKM1TM1'); </script>  <script type="text/javascript" > (function(m,e,t,r,i,k,a){m[i]=m[i]||function(){(m[i].a=m[i].a||[]).push(arguments)}; m[i].l=1*new Date(); for (var j = 0; j < document.scripts.length; j++) {if (document.scripts[j].src === r) { return; }} k=e.createElement(t),a=e.getElementsByTagName(t)[0],k.async=1,k.src=r,a.parentNode.insertBefore(k,a)}) (window, document, "script", "https://mc.yandex.ru/metrika/tag.js", "ym"); ym(55165297, "init", { clickmap:false, trackLinks:true, accurateTrackBounce:true, webvisor:false }); </script> <noscript><div><img src="https://mc.yandex.ru/watch/55165297" style="position:absolute; left:-9999px;" alt="" /></div></noscript>    <title>Search results for: contextual information</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: contextual information"> <meta name="keywords" content="contextual information"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none navbar-toggler ml-auto" type="button" data-toggle="collapse" data-target="#navbarMenu" aria-controls="navbarMenu" aria-expanded="false" aria-label="Toggle navigation"> <span class="navbar-toggler-icon"></span> </button> <div class="w-100"> <div class="d-none d-lg-flex flex-row-reverse"> <form method="get" action="https://waset.org/search" class="form-inline my-2 my-lg-0"> <input class="form-control mr-sm-2" type="search" placeholder="Search Conferences" value="contextual information" name="q" aria-label="Search"> <button class="btn btn-light my-2 my-sm-0" type="submit"><i class="fas fa-search"></i></button> </form> </div> <div class="collapse navbar-collapse mt-1" id="navbarMenu"> <ul class="navbar-nav ml-auto align-items-center" id="mainNavMenu"> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/conferences" title="Conferences in 2024/2025/2026">Conferences</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/disciplines" title="Disciplines">Disciplines</a> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/committees" rel="nofollow">Committees</a> </li> <li class="nav-item dropdown"> <a class="nav-link dropdown-toggle" href="#" id="navbarDropdownPublications" role="button" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> Publications </a> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="navbarDropdownPublications"> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a> <a class="dropdown-item" href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a> </div> </li> <li class="nav-item"> <a class="nav-link" href="https://waset.org/page/support" title="Support">Support</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> <main> <div class="container mt-4"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-9 mx-auto"> <form method="get" action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="contextual information"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 11081</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: contextual information</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11081</span> Context-Aware Recommender Systems Using User's Emotional State</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoyeon%20Park">Hoyeon Park</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kyoung-jae%20Kim"> Kyoung-jae Kim</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The product recommendation is a field of research that has received much attention in the recent information overload phenomenon. The proliferation of the mobile environment and social media cannot help but affect the results of the recommendation depending on how the factors of the user's situation are reflected in the recommendation process. Recently, research has been spreading attention to the context-aware recommender system which is to reflect user's contextual information in the recommendation process. However, until now, most of the context-aware recommender system researches have been limited in that they reflect the passive context of users. It is expected that the user will be able to express his/her contextual information through his/her active behavior and the importance of the context-aware recommender system reflecting this information can be increased. The purpose of this study is to propose a context-aware recommender system that can reflect the user's emotional state as an active context information to recommendation process. The context-aware recommender system is a recommender system that can make more sophisticated recommendations by utilizing the user's contextual information and has an advantage that the user's emotional factor can be considered as compared with the existing recommender systems. In this study, we propose a method to infer the user's emotional state, which is one of the user's context information, by using the user's facial expression data and to reflect it on the recommendation process. This study collects the facial expression data of a user who is looking at a specific product and the user's product preference score. Then, we classify the facial expression data into several categories according to the previous research and construct a model that can predict them. Next, the predicted results are applied to existing collaborative filtering with contextual information. As a result of the study, it was shown that the recommended results of the context-aware recommender system including facial expression information show improved results in terms of recommendation performance. Based on the results of this study, it is expected that future research will be conducted on recommender system reflecting various contextual information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context-aware" title="context-aware">context-aware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emotional%20state" title=" emotional state"> emotional state</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=recommender%20systems" title=" recommender systems"> recommender systems</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=business%20analytics" title=" business analytics"> business analytics</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88567/context-aware-recommender-systems-using-users-emotional-state" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/88567.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">229</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11080</span> A Context-Sensitive Algorithm for Media Similarity Search </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Guang-Ho%20Cha">Guang-Ho Cha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper presents a context-sensitive media similarity search algorithm. One of the central problems regarding media search is the semantic gap between the low-level features computed automatically from media data and the human interpretation of them. This is because the notion of similarity is usually based on high-level abstraction but the low-level features do not sometimes reflect the human perception. Many media search algorithms have used the Minkowski metric to measure similarity between image pairs. However those functions cannot adequately capture the aspects of the characteristics of the human visual system as well as the nonlinear relationships in contextual information given by images in a collection. Our search algorithm tackles this problem by employing a similarity measure and a ranking strategy that reflect the nonlinearity of human perception and contextual information in a dataset. Similarity search in an image database based on this contextual information shows encouraging experimental results. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context-sensitive%20search" title="context-sensitive search">context-sensitive search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20search" title=" image search"> image search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=similarity%20ranking" title=" similarity ranking"> similarity ranking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=similarity%20search" title=" similarity search"> similarity search</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65150/a-context-sensitive-algorithm-for-media-similarity-search" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/65150.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">365</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11079</span> Contextual Enablers and Behaviour Outputs for Action of Knowledge Workers</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Juan-Gabriel%20Cegarra-Navarro">Juan-Gabriel Cegarra-Navarro</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Alexeis%20Garcia-Perez"> Alexeis Garcia-Perez</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Denise%20Bedford"> Denise Bedford</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper provides guidelines for what constitutes a knowledge worker. Many graduates from non-managerial domains adopt, at some point in their professional careers, management roles at different levels, ranging from team leaders through to executive leadership. This is particularly relevant for professionals from an engineering background. Moving from a technical to an executive-level requires an understanding of those behaviour management techniques that can motivate and support individuals and their performance. Further, the transition to management also demands a shift of contextual enablers from tangible to intangible resources, which allows individuals to create new capacities, competencies, and capabilities. In this dynamic process, the knowledge worker becomes that key individual who can help members of the management board to transform information into relevant knowledge. However, despite its relevance in shaping the future of the organization in its transition to the knowledge economy, the role of a knowledge worker has not yet been studied to an appropriate level in the current literature. In this study, the authors review both the contextual enablers and behaviour outputs related to the role of the knowledge worker and relate these to their ability to deal with everyday management issues such as knowledge heterogeneity, varying motivations, information overload, or outdated information. This study highlights that the aggregate of capacities, competences and capabilities (CCCs) can be defined as knowledge structures, the study proposes several contextual enablers and behaviour outputs that knowledge workers can use to work cooperatively, acquire, distribute and knowledge. Therefore, this study contributes to a better comprehension of how CCCs can be managed at different levels through their contextual enablers and behaviour outputs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20workers" title="knowledge workers">knowledge workers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capabilities" title=" capabilities"> capabilities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capacities" title=" capacities"> capacities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=competences" title=" competences"> competences</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20structures" title=" knowledge structures"> knowledge structures</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115796/contextual-enablers-and-behaviour-outputs-for-action-of-knowledge-workers" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/115796.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">156</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11078</span> The Effects of Three Levels of Contextual Inference among adult Athletes </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulaziz%20Almustafa">Abdulaziz Almustafa</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Considering the critical role permanence has on predictions related to the contextual interference effect on laboratory and field research, this study sought to determine whether the paradigm of the effect depends on the complexity of the skill during the acquisition and transfer phases. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of contextual interference CI by extending previous laboratory and field research with adult athletes through the acquisition and transfer phases. Male (n=60) athletes age 18-22 years-old, were chosen randomly from Eastern Province Clubs. They were assigned to complete blocked, random, or serial practices. Analysis of variance with repeated measures MANOVA indicated that, the results did not support the notion of CI. There were no significant differences in acquisition phase between blocked, serial and random practice groups. During the transfer phase, there were no major differences between the practice groups. Apparently, due to the task complexity, participants were probably confused and not able to use the advantages of contextual interference. This is another contradictory result to contextual interference effects in acquisition and transfer phases in sport settings. One major factor that can influence the effect of contextual interference is task characteristics as the nature of level of difficulty in sport-related skill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20interference" title="contextual interference">contextual interference</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=acquisition" title=" acquisition"> acquisition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transfer" title=" transfer"> transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=task%20difficulty" title=" task difficulty"> task difficulty</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20146/the-effects-of-three-levels-of-contextual-inference-among-adult-athletes" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20146.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">466</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11077</span> A Context Aware Mobile Learning System with a Cognitive Recommendation Engine</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jalal%20Maqbool">Jalal Maqbool</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Gyu%20Myoung%20Lee"> Gyu Myoung Lee</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Using smart devices for context aware mobile learning is becoming increasingly popular. This has led to mobile learning technology becoming an indispensable part of today’s learning environment and platforms. However, some fundamental issues remain - namely, mobile learning still lacks the ability to truly understand human reaction and user behaviour. This is due to the fact that current mobile learning systems are passive and not aware of learners’ changing contextual situations. They rely on static information about mobile learners. In addition, current mobile learning platforms lack the capability to incorporate dynamic contextual situations into learners’ preferences. Thus, this thesis aims to address these issues highlighted by designing a context aware framework which is able to sense learner’s contextual situations, handle data dynamically, and which can use contextual information to suggest bespoke learning content according to a learner’s preferences. This is to be underpinned by a robust recommendation system, which has the capability to perform these functions, thus providing learners with a truly context-aware mobile learning experience, delivering learning contents using smart devices and adapting to learning preferences as and when it is required. In addition, part of designing an algorithm for the recommendation engine has to be based on learner and application needs, personal characteristics and circumstances, as well as being able to comprehend human cognitive processes which would enable the technology to interact effectively and deliver mobile learning content which is relevant, according to the learner’s contextual situations. The concept of this proposed project is to provide a new method of smart learning, based on a capable recommendation engine for providing an intuitive mobile learning model based on learner actions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=aware" title="aware">aware</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context" title=" context"> context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=learning" title=" learning"> learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile" title=" mobile"> mobile</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60848/a-context-aware-mobile-learning-system-with-a-cognitive-recommendation-engine" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60848.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">245</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11076</span> Using Vulnerability to Reduce False Positive Rate in Intrusion Detection Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadjah%20Chergui">Nadjah Chergui</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Narhimene%20Boustia"> Narhimene Boustia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Intrusion Detection Systems are an essential tool for network security infrastructure. However, IDSs have a serious problem which is the generating of massive number of alerts, most of them are false positive ones which can hide true alerts and make the analyst confused to analyze the right alerts for report the true attacks. The purpose behind this paper is to present a formalism model to perform correlation engine by the reduction of false positive alerts basing on vulnerability contextual information. For that, we propose a formalism model based on non-monotonic JClassicδє description logic augmented with a default (δ) and an exception (є) operator that allows a dynamic inference according to contextual information. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context" title="context">context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=default" title=" default"> default</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=exception" title=" exception"> exception</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vulnerability" title=" vulnerability"> vulnerability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46511/using-vulnerability-to-reduce-false-positive-rate-in-intrusion-detection-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/46511.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">259</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11075</span> Synthetic Method of Contextual Knowledge Extraction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Olga%20Kononova">Olga Kononova</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sergey%20Lyapin"> Sergey Lyapin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Global information society requirements are transparency and reliability of data, as well as ability to manage information resources independently; particularly to search, to analyze, to evaluate information, thereby obtaining new expertise. Moreover, it is satisfying the society information needs that increases the efficiency of the enterprise management and public administration. The study of structurally organized thematic and semantic contexts of different types, automatically extracted from unstructured data, is one of the important tasks for the application of information technologies in education, science, culture, governance and business. The objectives of this study are the contextual knowledge typologization, selection or creation of effective tools for extracting and analyzing contextual knowledge. Explication of various kinds and forms of the contextual knowledge involves the development and use full-text search information systems. For the implementation purposes, the authors use an e-library 'Humanitariana' services such as the contextual search, different types of queries (paragraph-oriented query, frequency-ranked query), automatic extraction of knowledge from the scientific texts. The multifunctional e-library «Humanitariana» is realized in the Internet-architecture in WWS-configuration (Web-browser / Web-server / SQL-server). Advantage of use 'Humanitariana' is in the possibility of combining the resources of several organizations. Scholars and research groups may work in a local network mode and in distributed IT environments with ability to appeal to resources of any participating organizations servers. Paper discusses some specific cases of the contextual knowledge explication with the use of the e-library services and focuses on possibilities of new types of the contextual knowledge. Experimental research base are science texts about 'e-government' and 'computer games'. An analysis of the subject-themed texts trends allowed to propose the content analysis methodology, that combines a full-text search with automatic construction of 'terminogramma' and expert analysis of the selected contexts. 'Terminogramma' is made out as a table that contains a column with a frequency-ranked list of words (nouns), as well as columns with an indication of the absolute frequency (number) and the relative frequency of occurrence of the word (in %% ppm). The analysis of 'e-government' materials showed, that the state takes a dominant position in the processes of the electronic interaction between the authorities and society in modern Russia. The media credited the main role in these processes to the government, which provided public services through specialized portals. Factor analysis revealed two factors statistically describing the used terms: human interaction (the user) and the state (government, processes organizer); interaction management (public officer, processes performer) and technology (infrastructure). Isolation of these factors will lead to changes in the model of electronic interaction between government and society. In this study, the dominant social problems and the prevalence of different categories of subjects of computer gaming in science papers from 2005 to 2015 were identified. Therefore, there is an evident identification of several types of contextual knowledge: micro context; macro context; dynamic context; thematic collection of queries (interactive contextual knowledge expanding a composition of e-library information resources); multimodal context (functional integration of iconographic and full-text resources through hybrid quasi-semantic algorithm of search). Further studies can be pursued both in terms of expanding the resource base on which they are held, and in terms of the development of appropriate tools. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20knowledge" title="contextual knowledge">contextual knowledge</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20search" title=" contextual search"> contextual search</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-library%20services" title=" e-library services"> e-library services</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frequency-ranked%20query" title=" frequency-ranked query"> frequency-ranked query</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=paragraph-oriented%20query" title=" paragraph-oriented query"> paragraph-oriented query</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=technologies%20of%20the%20contextual%20knowledge%20extraction" title=" technologies of the contextual knowledge extraction"> technologies of the contextual knowledge extraction</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67954/synthetic-method-of-contextual-knowledge-extraction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67954.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">359</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11074</span> Implementing Contextual Approach to Improve EFL Learners’ English Speaking Skill</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Samanik">Samanik</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This writing is correlated with English teaching material development, Contextual Teaching Learning (CTL). CTL is believed to facilitate students with real world challenge. Contextual Teaching and Learning is identified as a promising strategy that actively engages students and promotes skills development. It is based on the notion that learning can only occur when students are able to connect between content and context. It also helps teachers link between the materials taught with real-world situations and encourage students to make connection between the knowledge possessed by its application. Besides, it directs students to be critical and analytical. In accordance, this paper looks for the opportunity to improve EFL learners’ English speaking skill through tour guide presentation. A single case study will be conducted to highlight EFL learners’ experience of doing tour guide presentation in the English class room setting. The writer assumes that CLT will contribute positively to EFL learners’ English speaking skill. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20speaking%20skill" title="English speaking skill">English speaking skill</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20teaching%20learning" title=" contextual teaching learning"> contextual teaching learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tour%20guide%20presentation" title=" tour guide presentation"> tour guide presentation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55011/implementing-contextual-approach-to-improve-efl-learners-english-speaking-skill" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55011.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">263</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11073</span> Fast Approximate Bayesian Contextual Cold Start Learning (FAB-COST)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jack%20R.%20McKenzie">Jack R. McKenzie</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Peter%20A.%20Appleby"> Peter A. Appleby</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thomas%20House"> Thomas House</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Neil%20Walton"> Neil Walton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cold-start is a notoriously difficult problem which can occur in recommendation systems, and arises when there is insufficient information to draw inferences for users or items. To address this challenge, a contextual bandit algorithm – the Fast Approximate Bayesian Contextual Cold Start Learning algorithm (FAB-COST) – is proposed, which is designed to provide improved accuracy compared to the traditionally used Laplace approximation in the logistic contextual bandit, while controlling both algorithmic complexity and computational cost. To this end, FAB-COST uses a combination of two moment projection variational methods: Expectation Propagation (EP), which performs well at the cold start, but becomes slow as the amount of data increases; and Assumed Density Filtering (ADF), which has slower growth of computational cost with data size but requires more data to obtain an acceptable level of accuracy. By switching from EP to ADF when the dataset becomes large, it is able to exploit their complementary strengths. The empirical justification for FAB-COST is presented, and systematically compared to other approaches on simulated data. In a benchmark against the Laplace approximation on real data consisting of over 670, 000 impressions from autotrader.co.uk, FAB-COST demonstrates at one point increase of over 16% in user clicks. On the basis of these results, it is argued that FAB-COST is likely to be an attractive approach to cold-start recommendation systems in a variety of contexts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cold-start%20learning" title="cold-start learning">cold-start learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expectation%20propagation" title=" expectation propagation"> expectation propagation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multi-armed%20bandits" title=" multi-armed bandits"> multi-armed bandits</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Thompson%20Sampling" title=" Thompson Sampling"> Thompson Sampling</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=variational%20inference" title=" variational inference"> variational inference</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127287/fast-approximate-bayesian-contextual-cold-start-learning-fab-cost" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/127287.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">108</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11072</span> Sentiment Classification Using Enhanced Contextual Valence Shifters</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vo%20Ngoc%20Phu">Vo Ngoc Phu</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Phan%20Thi%20Tuoi"> Phan Thi Tuoi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> We have explored different methods of improving the accuracy of sentiment classification. The sentiment orientation of a document can be positive (+), negative (-), or neutral (0). We combine five dictionaries from [2, 3, 4, 5, 6] into the new one with 21137 entries. The new dictionary has many verbs, adverbs, phrases and idioms, that are not in five ones before. The paper shows that our proposed method based on the combination of Term-Counting method and Enhanced Contextual Valence Shifters method has improved the accuracy of sentiment classification. The combined method has accuracy 68.984% on the testing dataset, and 69.224% on the training dataset. All of these methods are implemented to classify the reviews based on our new dictionary and the Internet Movie data set. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20classification" title="sentiment classification">sentiment classification</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sentiment%20orientation" title=" sentiment orientation"> sentiment orientation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valence%20shifters" title=" valence shifters"> valence shifters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual" title=" contextual"> contextual</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=valence%20shifters" title=" valence shifters"> valence shifters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=term%20counting" title=" term counting"> term counting</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11410/sentiment-classification-using-enhanced-contextual-valence-shifters" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/11410.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">503</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11071</span> Ideology-Induced Contexts in the Conceptualization of 'the Islamic State' in Political Cartoons</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rim%20Baroudi">Rim Baroudi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The notion of the context-induced metaphors refers to the role of different contextual aspects (socio-cultural, linguistic, bodily-physical, and ideological) in affecting metaphor production. This has not been investigated in visual discourse. This paper intends to extend the focus of this research interest to study context-induced metaphors in newspapers’ cartoons. It seeks to account for different contextual variables influencing the production of metaphors in cartoons placing special focus on the ideological variable. The aim is to demonstrate how different contextual aspects are conditioned by the ideological variable. The study applied critical metaphor approach to analyse contextual variables shaping the conceptualization of ‘the Islamic State’ in the cartoons of 3 newspapers (Al-Ryadh newspaper, Tehran Times, and The New York Times). Findings have revealed the decisive role of the ideological context in conditioning and priming the rest of contextual variables in the conceptualisation of ‘the Islamic State’ in political cartoons of the three newspapers. These findings bear special importance to the study of bodily-physical and socio-cultural variables inducing and shaping political cognition in political cartoons in a way consistent with the ideological framework within which newspapers operate. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context-induced%20metaphors" title="context-induced metaphors">context-induced metaphors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ideological%20context" title=" ideological context"> ideological context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20Islamic%20State" title=" the Islamic State"> the Islamic State</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20cartoons" title=" political cartoons"> political cartoons</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55476/ideology-induced-contexts-in-the-conceptualization-of-the-islamic-state-in-political-cartoons" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55476.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">296</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11070</span> Hybrid Model of Strategic and Contextual Leadership in Pluralistic Organizations- A Qualitative Multiple Case Study</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ergham%20Al%20Bachir">Ergham Al Bachir</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study adopts strategic leadership (Upper Echelons) as the core theory and contextual leadership theory as the research lens. This research asks how the external context impacts strategic leadership effectiveness to achieve the outcomes in pluralistic organizations (PO). The study explores how the context influences the selection of CEOs, top management teams (TMT), and their leadership effectiveness. POs are characterized by the multiple objectives of their top management teams, divergent objectives, multiple strategies, and multiple governing authorities. The research question is explored by means of a qualitative multiple-case study focusing on healthcare, real estate, and financial services organizations. The data sources are semi-structured interviews, documents, and direct observations. The data analysis strategy is inductive and deploys thematic analysis and cross-case synthesis. The findings differentiate between national and international CEOs' delegation of authority and relationship with the Board of Directors. The findings identify the elements of the dynamic context that influence TMT and PO outcomes. The emergent hybrid strategic and contextual leadership framework shows how the different contextual factors influence strategic direction, PO context, selection of CEOs and TMT, and the outcomes in four pluralistic organizations. The study offers seven theoretical contributions to Upper Echelons, strategic leadership, and contextual leadership research. (1) The integration of two theories revealed how CEO’s impact on the organization is complementary to the contextual impact. (2) Conducting this study in the Middle East contributes to strategic leadership and contextual leadership research. (3) The demonstration of the significant contextual effects on the selection of CEOs. (4 and 5) Two contributions revealed new links between the context, the Board role, internal versus external CEOs, and national versus international CEOs. (6 and 7) This study offered two definitions: what accounts for CEO leadership effectiveness and organizational outcomes. Two methodological contributions were also identified: (1) Previous strategic leadership and Upper Echelons research are mainly quantitative, while this study adopts qualitative multiple-case research with face-to-face interviews. (2) The extrication of the CEO from the TMT advanced the data analysis in strategic leadership research. Four contributions are offered to practice: (1) The CEO's leadership effectiveness inside and outside the organization. (2) Rapid turnover of predecessor CEOs signifies the need for a strategic and contextual approach to CEOs' succession. (3) TMT composition and education impact on TMT-CEO and TMT-TMT interface. (4) Multilevel strategic contextual leadership development framework. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=strategic%20leadership" title="strategic leadership">strategic leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20leadership" title=" contextual leadership"> contextual leadership</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=upper%20echelons" title=" upper echelons"> upper echelons</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pluralistic%20organizations" title=" pluralistic organizations"> pluralistic organizations</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cross-cultural%20leadership" title=" cross-cultural leadership"> cross-cultural leadership</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165526/hybrid-model-of-strategic-and-contextual-leadership-in-pluralistic-organizations-a-qualitative-multiple-case-study" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/165526.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">92</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11069</span> Evaluating Contextually Targeted Advertising with Attention Measurement</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=John%20Hawkins">John Hawkins</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Graham%20Burton"> Graham Burton</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Contextual targeting is a common strategy for advertising that places marketing messages in media locations that are expected to be aligned with the target audience. There are multiple major challenges to contextual targeting: the ideal categorisation scheme needs to be known, as well as the most appropriate subsections of that scheme for a given campaign or creative. In addition, the campaign reach is typically limited when targeting becomes narrow, so a balance must be struck between requirements. Finally, refinement of the process is limited by the use of evaluation methods that are either rapid but non-specific (click through rates), or reliable but slow and costly (conversions or brand recall studies). In this study we evaluate the use of attention measurement as a technique for understanding the performance of targeting on the basis of specific contextual topics. We perform the analysis using a large scale dataset of impressions categorised using the iAB V2.0 taxonomy. We evaluate multiple levels of the categorisation hierarchy, using categories at different positions within an initial creative specific ranking. The results illustrate that measuring attention time is an affective signal for the performance of a specific creative within a specific context. Performance is sustained across a ranking of categories from one period to another. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20targeting" title="contextual targeting">contextual targeting</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=digital%20advertising" title=" digital advertising"> digital advertising</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=attention%20measurement" title=" attention measurement"> attention measurement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=marketing%20performance" title=" marketing performance"> marketing performance</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148942/evaluating-contextually-targeted-advertising-with-attention-measurement" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/148942.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">104</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11068</span> Social Data-Based Users Profiles' Enrichment</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amel%20Hannech">Amel Hannech</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Adda"> Mehdi Adda</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Mcheick"> Hamid Mcheick</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a generic model of user profile integrating several elements that may positively impact the research process. We exploit the classical behavior of users and integrate a delimitation process of their research activities into several research sessions enriched with contextual and temporal information, which allows reflecting the current interests of these users in every period of time and infer data freshness. We argue that the annotation of resources gives more transparency on users' needs. It also strengthens social links among resources and users, and can so increase the scope of the user profile. Based on this idea, we integrate the social tagging practice in order to exploit the social users' behavior to enrich their profiles. These profiles are then integrated into a recommendation system in order to predict the interesting personalized items of users allowing to assist them in their researches and further enrich their profiles. In this recommendation, we provide users new research experiences. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=user%20profiles" title="user profiles">user profiles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=topical%20ontology" title=" topical ontology"> topical ontology</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information" title=" contextual information"> contextual information</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=folksonomies" title=" folksonomies"> folksonomies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tags%27%20clusters" title=" tags' clusters"> tags' clusters</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20freshness" title=" data freshness"> data freshness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=association%20rules" title=" association rules"> association rules</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20recommendation" title=" data recommendation"> data recommendation</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56995/social-data-based-users-profiles-enrichment" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/56995.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11067</span> Assessment of Factors Influencing Business Process Harmonization: A Case Study in an Industrial Company</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20J.%20M.%20Trienekens">J. J. M. Trienekens</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H.%20L.%20Romero"> H. L. Romero</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=L.%20Cuenca"> L. Cuenca</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While process harmonization is increasingly mentioned and unanimously associated with several benefits, there is a need for more understanding of how it contributes to business process redesign and improvement. This paper presents the application, in an industrial case study, of a conceptual harmonization model on the relationship between drivers and effects of process harmonization. The drivers are called contextual factors which influence harmonization. Assessment of these contextual factors in a particular business domain, clarifies the extent of harmonization that can be achieved, or that should be strived at. The case study shows how the conceptual harmonization model can be made operational and can act as a valuable assessment tool. From both qualitative, as well as some quantitative, assessment results, insights are being discussed on the extent of harmonization that can be achieved, and action plans are being defined for business (process) harmonization. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20factors" title=" contextual factors"> contextual factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=process%20harmonization" title=" process harmonization"> process harmonization</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=industrial%20company" title=" industrial company"> industrial company</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14973/assessment-of-factors-influencing-business-process-harmonization-a-case-study-in-an-industrial-company" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/14973.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">395</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11066</span> Enhanced Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) Method with Knowledge Graph and Graph Neural Network (GNN) for Automated QA Systems</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhihao%20Zheng">Zhihao Zheng</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zhilin%20Wang"> Zhilin Wang</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Linxin%20Liu"> Linxin Liu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the research of automated knowledge question-answering systems, accuracy and efficiency are critical challenges. This paper proposes a knowledge graph-enhanced Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG) method, combined with a Graph Neural Network (GNN) structure, to automatically determine the correctness of knowledge competition questions. First, a domain-specific knowledge graph was constructed from a large corpus of academic journal literature, with key entities and relationships extracted using Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. Then, the RAG method's retrieval module was expanded to simultaneously query both text databases and the knowledge graph, leveraging the GNN to further extract structured information from the knowledge graph. During answer generation, contextual information provided by the knowledge graph and GNN is incorporated to improve the accuracy and consistency of the answers. Experimental results demonstrate that the knowledge graph and GNN-enhanced RAG method perform excellently in determining the correctness of questions, achieving an accuracy rate of 95%. Particularly in cases involving ambiguity or requiring contextual information, the structured knowledge provided by the knowledge graph and GNN significantly enhances the RAG method's performance. This approach not only demonstrates significant advantages in improving the accuracy and efficiency of automated knowledge question-answering systems but also offers new directions and ideas for future research and practical applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=knowledge%20graph" title="knowledge graph">knowledge graph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=graph%20neural%20network" title=" graph neural network"> graph neural network</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=retrieval-augmented%20generation" title=" retrieval-augmented generation"> retrieval-augmented generation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=NLP" title=" NLP"> NLP</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188751/enhanced-retrieval-augmented-generation-rag-method-with-knowledge-graph-and-graph-neural-network-gnn-for-automated-qa-systems" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188751.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">39</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11065</span> Social Entrepreneurship through an Institutional Perspective: A Case Study of Women Social Entrepreneurs from Peshawar, Pakistan</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Madiha%20Gohar">Madiha Gohar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayesha%20Abrar"> Ayesha Abrar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Social entrepreneurship has gained currency in the field of entrepreneurship, however, the theoretical underpinning and the contextual influences on the creation and operations of social enterprises are still in infancy. Contextual influences on entrepreneurial endeavors of women have been researched, and it is assumed that like commercial entrepreneurship, some socio-cultural factors are most suitable for the creation of women social enterprises. This research is an effort to explore the contextual influences on women social enterprises using institutional theory as the main conceptual framework. A case study analysis was used to assess the formal and informal institutional influences on women social entrepreneurs and their enterprises. The personal accounts of women social entrepreneurs reveal the importance of formal and informal institutions; however, they advocate greater consideration of informal institutions for their entrepreneurial endeavors. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=case%20study" title="case study">case study</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=institutional%20theory" title=" institutional theory"> institutional theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=women%20social%20entrepreneurship" title=" women social entrepreneurship"> women social entrepreneurship</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pakistan" title=" Pakistan"> Pakistan</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105624/social-entrepreneurship-through-an-institutional-perspective-a-case-study-of-women-social-entrepreneurs-from-peshawar-pakistan" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/105624.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">191</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11064</span> Structured-Ness and Contextual Retrieval Underlie Language Comprehension</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yao-Ying%20Lai">Yao-Ying Lai</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Maria%20Pinango"> Maria Pinango</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ashwini%20Deo"> Ashwini Deo</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> While grammatical devices are essential to language processing, how comprehension utilizes cognitive mechanisms is less emphasized. This study addresses this issue by probing the complement coercion phenomenon: an entity-denoting complement following verbs like begin and finish receives an eventive interpretation. For example, (1) “The queen began the book” receives an agentive reading like (2) “The queen began [reading/writing/etc.…] the book.” Such sentences engender additional processing cost in real-time comprehension. The traditional account attributes this cost to an operation that coerces the entity-denoting complement to an event, assuming that these verbs require eventive complements. However, in closer examination, examples like “Chapter 1 began the book” undermine this assumption. An alternative, Structured Individual (SI) hypothesis, proposes that the complement following aspectual verbs (AspV; e.g. begin, finish) is conceptualized as a structured individual, construed as an axis along various dimensions (e.g. spatial, eventive, temporal, informational). The composition of an animate subject and an AspV such as (1) engenders an ambiguity between an agentive reading along the eventive dimension like (2), and a constitutive reading along the informational/spatial dimension like (3) “[The story of the queen] began the book,” in which the subject is interpreted as a subpart of the complement denotation. Comprehenders need to resolve the ambiguity by searching contextual information, resulting in additional cost. To evaluate the SI hypothesis, a questionnaire was employed. Method: Target AspV sentences such as “Shakespeare began the volume.” were preceded by one of the following types of context sentence: (A) Agentive-biasing, in which an event was mentioned (…writers often read…), (C) Constitutive-biasing, in which a constitutive meaning was hinted (Larry owns collections of Renaissance literature.), (N) Neutral context, which allowed both interpretations. Thirty-nine native speakers of English were asked to (i) rate each context-target sentence pair from a 1~5 scale (5=fully understandable), and (ii) choose possible interpretations for the target sentence given the context. The SI hypothesis predicts that comprehension is harder for the Neutral condition, as compared to the biasing conditions because no contextual information is provided to resolve an ambiguity. Also, comprehenders should obtain the specific interpretation corresponding to the context type. Results: (A) Agentive-biasing and (C) Constitutive-biasing were rated higher than (N) Neutral conditions (p< .001), while all conditions were within the acceptable range (> 3.5 on the 1~5 scale). This suggests that when lacking relevant contextual information, semantic ambiguity decreases comprehensibility. The interpretation task shows that the participants selected the biased agentive/constitutive reading for condition (A) and (C) respectively. For the Neutral condition, the agentive and constitutive readings were chosen equally often. Conclusion: These findings support the SI hypothesis: the meaning of AspV sentences is conceptualized as a parthood relation involving structured individuals. We argue that semantic representation makes reference to spatial structured-ness (abstracted axis). To obtain an appropriate interpretation, comprehenders utilize contextual information to enrich the conceptual representation of the sentence in question. This study connects semantic structure to human’s conceptual structure, and provides a processing model that incorporates contextual retrieval. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ambiguity%20resolution" title="ambiguity resolution">ambiguity resolution</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20retrieval" title=" contextual retrieval"> contextual retrieval</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spatial%20structured-ness" title=" spatial structured-ness"> spatial structured-ness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structured%20individual" title=" structured individual"> structured individual</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59376/structured-ness-and-contextual-retrieval-underlie-language-comprehension" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/59376.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">333</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11063</span> Comparison between Approaches Used in Two Walk About Projects </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Derek%20O%20Reilly">Derek O Reilly</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Piotr%20Milczarski"> Piotr Milczarski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shane%20Dowdall"> Shane Dowdall</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Artur%20H%C5%82oba%C5%BC"> Artur Hłobaż</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Krzysztof%20Podlaski"> Krzysztof Podlaski</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hiram%20Bollaert"> Hiram Bollaert </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Learning through creation of contextual games is a very promising way/tool for interdisciplinary and international group projects. During 2013 and 2014 we took part and organized two intensive students projects in different conditions. The projects enrolled 68 students and 12 mentors from 5 countries. In the paper we want to share our experience how to strengthen the chances to succeed in short (12-15 days long) student projects. In our case almost all teams prepared working prototype and the results were highly appreciated by external experts. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20games" title="contextual games">contextual games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mobile%20games" title=" mobile games"> mobile games</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GGULIVRR" title=" GGULIVRR"> GGULIVRR</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=walkabout" title=" walkabout"> walkabout</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Erasmus%20intensive%20programme" title=" Erasmus intensive programme"> Erasmus intensive programme</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20905/comparison-between-approaches-used-in-two-walk-about-projects" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/20905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">502</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11062</span> A Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of the Executive Authorities in Austria</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Meryl%20Abigail%20Lucasan">Meryl Abigail Lucasan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The purpose of this research paper is to present a Single Country Comparative Contextual Description Study of the Executive Authorities in Austria, focusing with the Federal President, Cabinet members (Federal Chancellor, the Vice-Chancellor and the other Federal Ministers) and the State Government. In this paper, the roles and powers of the executive authorities of Austria will be enumerated and explained; and the behavior of the executive authorities of Austria will be described in detail. In addition, the researcher will provide a survey that was answered by an Austrian citizen through electronic mail to gain more concrete information about the current political condition in Austria. Based on research, Austria has a remarkable political stability. This paper will develop a conceptual framework or a sample paradigm to represent the political system in Austria, focusing on its states and Executive Authorities in achieving political stability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Austrian%20politics" title="Austrian politics">Austrian politics</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=executive%20branch%20of%20the%20government" title=" executive branch of the government"> executive branch of the government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=federal%20government" title=" federal government"> federal government</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=political%20stability" title=" political stability"> political stability</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40144/a-single-country-comparative-contextual-description-study-of-the-executive-authorities-in-austria" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/40144.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">265</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11061</span> A Study on Explicitation Strategies Employed in Persian Subtitling of English Crime Movies</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Heidari%20Tabrizi">Hossein Heidari Tabrizi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azizeh%20Chalak"> Azizeh Chalak</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hossein%20Enayat"> Hossein Enayat</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The present study seeks to investigate the application of expansion strategy in Persian subtitles of English crime movies. More precisely, this study aims at classifying the different types of expansion used in subtitles as well as investigating the appropriateness or inappropriateness of the application of each type. To achieve this end, three English movies; namely, The Net (1995), Contact (1997) and Mission Impossible 2 (2000), available with Persian subtitles, were selected for the study. To collect the data, the above mentioned movies were watched and those parts of the Persian subtitles in which expansion had been used were identified and extracted along with their English dialogs. Then, the extracted Persian subtitles were classified based on the reason that led to expansion in each case. Next, the appropriateness or inappropriateness of using expansion in the extracted Persian subtitles was descriptively investigated. Finally, an equivalent not containing any expansion was proposed for those cases in which the meaning could be fully transferred without this strategy. The findings of the study indicated that the reasons range from explicitation (explicitation of visual, co-textual and contextual information), mistranslation and paraphrasing to the preferences of subtitlers. Furthermore, it was found that the employment of expansion strategy was inappropriate in all cases except for those caused by explicitation of contextual information since correct and shorter equivalents which were equally capable of conveying the intended meaning could be posited for the original dialogs. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audiovisual%20translation" title="audiovisual translation">audiovisual translation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=English%20crime%20movies" title=" English crime movies"> English crime movies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=expansion%20strategies" title=" expansion strategies"> expansion strategies</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Persian%20subtitles" title=" Persian subtitles"> Persian subtitles</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34785/a-study-on-explicitation-strategies-employed-in-persian-subtitling-of-english-crime-movies" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/34785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">468</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11060</span> Contextual Toxicity Detection with Data Augmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Julia%20Ive">Julia Ive</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Lucia%20Specia"> Lucia Specia</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Understanding and detecting toxicity is an important problem to support safer human interactions online. Our work focuses on the important problem of contextual toxicity detection, where automated classifiers are tasked with determining whether a short textual segment (usually a sentence) is toxic within its conversational context. We use “toxicity” as an umbrella term to denote a number of variants commonly named in the literature, including hate, abuse, offence, among others. Detecting toxicity in context is a non-trivial problem and has been addressed by very few previous studies. These previous studies have analysed the influence of conversational context in human perception of toxicity in controlled experiments and concluded that humans rarely change their judgements in the presence of context. They have also evaluated contextual detection models based on state-of-the-art Deep Learning and Natural Language Processing (NLP) techniques. Counterintuitively, they reached the general conclusion that computational models tend to suffer performance degradation in the presence of context. We challenge these empirical observations by devising better contextual predictive models that also rely on NLP data augmentation techniques to create larger and better data. In our study, we start by further analysing the human perception of toxicity in conversational data (i.e., tweets), in the absence versus presence of context, in this case, previous tweets in the same conversational thread. We observed that the conclusions of previous work on human perception are mainly due to data issues: The contextual data available does not provide sufficient evidence that context is indeed important (even for humans). The data problem is common in current toxicity datasets: cases labelled as toxic are either obviously toxic (i.e., overt toxicity with swear, racist, etc. words), and thus context does is not needed for a decision, or are ambiguous, vague or unclear even in the presence of context; in addition, the data contains labeling inconsistencies. To address this problem, we propose to automatically generate contextual samples where toxicity is not obvious (i.e., covert cases) without context or where different contexts can lead to different toxicity judgements for the same tweet. We generate toxic and non-toxic utterances conditioned on the context or on target tweets using a range of techniques for controlled text generation(e.g., Generative Adversarial Networks and steering techniques). On the contextual detection models, we posit that their poor performance is due to limitations on both of the data they are trained on (same problems stated above) and the architectures they use, which are not able to leverage context in effective ways. To improve on that, we propose text classification architectures that take the hierarchy of conversational utterances into account. In experiments benchmarking ours against previous models on existing and automatically generated data, we show that both data and architectural choices are very important. Our model achieves substantial performance improvements as compared to the baselines that are non-contextual or contextual but agnostic of the conversation structure. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20toxicity%20detection" title="contextual toxicity detection">contextual toxicity detection</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=data%20augmentation" title=" data augmentation"> data augmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hierarchical%20text%20classification%20models" title=" hierarchical text classification models"> hierarchical text classification models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing" title=" natural language processing"> natural language processing</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142333/contextual-toxicity-detection-with-data-augmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142333.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">170</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11059</span> Contextual SenSe Model: Word Sense Disambiguation using Sense and Sense Value of Context Surrounding the Target</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Vishal%20Raj">Vishal Raj</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Noorhan%20Abbas"> Noorhan Abbas</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Ambiguity in NLP (Natural language processing) refers to the ability of a word, phrase, sentence, or text to have multiple meanings. This results in various kinds of ambiguities such as lexical, syntactic, semantic, anaphoric and referential am-biguities. This study is focused mainly on solving the issue of Lexical ambiguity. Word Sense Disambiguation (WSD) is an NLP technique that aims to resolve lexical ambiguity by determining the correct meaning of a word within a given context. Most WSD solutions rely on words for training and testing, but we have used lemma and Part of Speech (POS) tokens of words for training and testing. Lemma adds generality and POS adds properties of word into token. We have designed a novel method to create an affinity matrix to calculate the affinity be-tween any pair of lemma_POS (a token where lemma and POS of word are joined by underscore) of given training set. Additionally, we have devised an al-gorithm to create the sense clusters of tokens using affinity matrix under hierar-chy of POS of lemma. Furthermore, three different mechanisms to predict the sense of target word using the affinity/similarity value are devised. Each contex-tual token contributes to the sense of target word with some value and whichever sense gets higher value becomes the sense of target word. So, contextual tokens play a key role in creating sense clusters and predicting the sense of target word, hence, the model is named Contextual SenSe Model (CSM). CSM exhibits a noteworthy simplicity and explication lucidity in contrast to contemporary deep learning models characterized by intricacy, time-intensive processes, and chal-lenging explication. CSM is trained on SemCor training data and evaluated on SemEval test dataset. The results indicate that despite the naivety of the method, it achieves promising results when compared to the Most Frequent Sense (MFS) model. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=word%20sense%20disambiguation%20%28wsd%29" title="word sense disambiguation (wsd)">word sense disambiguation (wsd)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20sense%20model%20%28csm%29" title=" contextual sense model (csm)"> contextual sense model (csm)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=most%20frequent%20sense%20%28mfs%29" title=" most frequent sense (mfs)"> most frequent sense (mfs)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=part%20of%20speech%20%28pos%29" title=" part of speech (pos)"> part of speech (pos)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=natural%20language%20processing%20%28nlp%29" title=" natural language processing (nlp)"> natural language processing (nlp)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=oov%20%28out%20of%20vocabulary%29" title=" oov (out of vocabulary)"> oov (out of vocabulary)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lemma_pos%20%28a%20token%20where%20lemma%20and%20pos%20of%20word%20are%20joined%20by%20underscore%29" title=" lemma_pos (a token where lemma and pos of word are joined by underscore)"> lemma_pos (a token where lemma and pos of word are joined by underscore)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=information%20retrieval%20%28ir%29" title=" information retrieval (ir)"> information retrieval (ir)</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=machine%20translation%20%28mt%29" title=" machine translation (mt)"> machine translation (mt)</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174306/contextual-sense-model-word-sense-disambiguation-using-sense-and-sense-value-of-context-surrounding-the-target" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/174306.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">107</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11058</span> Organizational Climate of Silence and Job Performance: Examining the Mediatory and Moderating Role of Work Engagement and Supervisor Support among Frontline Nurses</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sabina%20Ampon-Wireko">Sabina Ampon-Wireko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Purpose: The study explores the influence of the organizational climate of silence on job performance through the mediating effects of work engagement (WE). Further, the degree to which supervisor support (SS) and work engagement moderate job performance are examined. Method: Using a questionnaire, the study collected 565 valid responses from frontline nurses in Ghana. The hierarchical regression technique was employed in estimating the relationship between the variables. Findings: The results showed a significant negative influence of top managers' and supervisors' attitudes to silence on both contextual and task performance. Communication opportunities, however, revealed positive and significant effects on contextual and task performance. Work engagement had no role in mediating top managers' and supervisors’ attitudes toward silence, communication opportunities, and task performance. Supervisor support acted as a moderating factor in the relationship between job engagement and task performance. In contrast, despite the direct positive relationship between supervisor support and contextual performance, it failed to moderate the relationship between work engagement and contextual performance. Practical implications: The study's findings demonstrate the need for health managers and supervisors to become more conscious of silence. The findings offer diverse recommendations for encouraging the sharing of relevant ideas, facts, and opinions within the health sector. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=organizational%20climate%20of%20silence" title="organizational climate of silence">organizational climate of silence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=job%20performance" title=" job performance"> job performance</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=work%20engagement" title=" work engagement"> work engagement</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=supervisor%20support" title=" supervisor support"> supervisor support</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frontline%20nurses" title=" frontline nurses"> frontline nurses</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160282/organizational-climate-of-silence-and-job-performance-examining-the-mediatory-and-moderating-role-of-work-engagement-and-supervisor-support-among-frontline-nurses" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/160282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">75</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11057</span> Contextual Variables Affecting Frustration Level in Reading: An Integral Inquiry </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mae%20C.%20Pavilario">Mae C. Pavilario</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study employs a sequential explanatory mixed method. Quantitatively it investigated the profile of grade VII students. Qualitatively, the prevailing contextual variables that affect their frustration-level were sought based on their perspective and that of their parents and teachers. These students were categorized as frustration-level in reading based on the data on word list of the Philippine Informal Reading Inventory (Phil-IRI). The researcher-made reading factor instrument translated to local dialect (Hiligaynon) was subjected to cross-cultural translation to address content, semantic, technical, criterion, or conceptual equivalence, the open-ended questions, and one unstructured interview was utilized. In the profile of the 26 participants, the 12 males are categorized as grade II and grade III frustration-levels. The prevailing contextual variables are personal-“having no interest in reading”, “being ashamed and fear of having to read in front of others” for extremely high frustration level; social environmental-“having no regular reading schedule at home” for very high frustration level and personal- “having no interest in reading” for high frustration level. Kendall Tau inferential statistical tool was used to test the significant relationship in the prevailing contextual variables that affect frustration-level readers when grouped according to perspective. Result showed that significant relationship exists between students-parents perspectives; however, there is no significant relationship between students’ and teachers’, and parents’ and teachers’ perspectives. The themes in the narratives of the participants on frustration-level readers are existence of speech defects, undesirable attitude, insufficient amount of reading materials, lack of close supervision from parents, and losing time and focus on task. Intervention was designed. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20variables" title="contextual variables">contextual variables</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=frustration-level%20readers" title=" frustration-level readers"> frustration-level readers</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=perspective" title=" perspective"> perspective</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=inquiry" title=" inquiry"> inquiry</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74190/contextual-variables-affecting-frustration-level-in-reading-an-integral-inquiry" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/74190.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">164</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11056</span> The Influence of Contextual Factors on Long-Term Contraceptive Use in East Java</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ni%27mal%20Baroya">Ni'mal Baroya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Andrei%20Ramani"> Andrei Ramani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Irma%20Prasetyowati"> Irma Prasetyowati</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The access to reproduction health services, including with safe and effective contraception were human rights regardless of social stratum and residence. In addition to individual factors, family and contextual factors were also believed to be the cause in the use of contraceptive methods. This study aimed to assess the determinants of long-term contraceptive methods (LTCM) by considering all the factors at either the individual level or contextual level. Thereby, this study could provide basic information for program development of prevalence enhancement of MKJP in East Java. The research, which used cross-sectional design, utilized Riskesdas 2013 data, particularly in East Java Province for further analysis about multilevel modeling of MKJP application. The sample of this study consisted of 20.601 married women who were not in pregnant that were drawn by using probability sampling following the sampling technique of Riskesdas 2013. Variables in this study were including the independent variables at the individual level that consisted of education, age, occupation, access to family planning services (KB), economic status and residence. As independent variables in district level were the Human Development Index (HDI, henceforth as IPM) in each districts of East Java Province, the ratio of field officers, the ratio of midwives, the ratio of community health centers and the ratio of doctors. As for the dependent variable was the use of Long-Term Contraceptive Method (LTCM or MKJP). The data were analyzed by using chi-square test and Pearson product moment correlation. The multivariable analysis was using multilevel logistic regression with 95% of Confidence Interval (CI) at the significance level of p < 0.05 and 80% of strength test. The results showed a low CPR LTCM was concentrated in districts in Madura Island and the north coast. The women which were 25 to 35 or more than 35 years old, at least high school education, working, and middle-class social status were more likely to use LTCM or MKJP. The IPM and low PLKB ratio had implications for poor CPR LTCM / MKJP. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilevel" title="multilevel">multilevel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=long-term%20contraceptive%20methods" title=" long-term contraceptive methods"> long-term contraceptive methods</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=east%20java" title=" east java"> east java</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20factor" title=" contextual factor"> contextual factor</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42623/the-influence-of-contextual-factors-on-long-term-contraceptive-use-in-east-java" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/42623.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">244</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11055</span> Infernal Affairs (Hong Kong) versus Double Face (Japan): Remaking and Context</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Roman%20Kusaiko">Roman Kusaiko</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> For decades, remaking was one of the film industry’s main practices but has become vivid in recent years. The latest geopolitical developments, though, are becoming a new challenge for filmmakers regarding cultural landscapes and contextual differences. Deglobalization may also affect transnational remaking practices. Thus, these upcoming challenges can be addressed through the analysis of contemporary academic thought, primarily from adaptation and film studies and their understanding of the issues of transmediality and how it affects film remaking. However, the analysis would be insufficient without conducting case studies. This paper is part of broader research about transnational remaking practices and their cultural and contextual specifics. This paper aims to understand whether shifting medium affects remaking as a critical category and present case studies of the popular Hong Kong motion picture Infernal Affairs and its transition into the Japanese remake Double Face. Consequently, the analysis of their contextual distinctions will lead to the correct categorization of the transnational remakes allowing scholars and filmmakers to better understand the existing remaking practices and whether they affect the final result. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cinema" title="cinema">cinema</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context" title=" context"> context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=culture" title=" culture"> culture</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=films" title=" films"> films</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=remaking" title=" remaking"> remaking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=transmediality" title=" transmediality"> transmediality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166398/infernal-affairs-hong-kong-versus-double-face-japan-remaking-and-context" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/166398.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">97</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11054</span> Induced Emotional Empathy and Contextual Factors like Presence of Others Reduce the Negative Stereotypes Towards Persons with Disabilities through Stronger Prosociality</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shailendra%20Kumar%20Mishra">Shailendra Kumar Mishra</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we focus on how contextual factors like the physical presence of other perceivers and then developed induced emotional empathy towards a person with disabilities may reduce the automatic negative stereotypes and then response towards that person. We demonstrated in study 1 that negative attitude based on negative stereotypes assessed on ATDP-test questionnaires on five points Linkert-scale are significantly less negative when participants were tested with a group of perceivers and then tested alone separately by applying 3 (positive, indifferent, and negative attitude levels) X 2 (physical presence condition and alone) factorial design of ANOVA test. In the second study, we demonstrate, by applying regression analysis, in the presence of other perceivers, whether in a small group, participants showed more induced emotional empathy through stronger prosociality towards a high distress target like a person with disabilities in comparison of that of other stigmatized persons such as racial biased or gender-biased people. Thus results show that automatic affective response in the form of induced emotional empathy in perceiver and contextual factors like the presence of other perceivers automatically activate stronger prosocial norms and egalitarian goals towards physically challenged persons in comparison to other stigmatized persons like racial or gender-biased people. This leads to less negative attitudes and behaviour towards a person with disabilities. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20factors" title="contextual factors">contextual factors</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=high%20distress%20target" title=" high distress target"> high distress target</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=induced%20emotional%20empathy" title=" induced emotional empathy"> induced emotional empathy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=stronger%20prosociality" title=" stronger prosociality"> stronger prosociality</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133282/induced-emotional-empathy-and-contextual-factors-like-presence-of-others-reduce-the-negative-stereotypes-towards-persons-with-disabilities-through-stronger-prosociality" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/133282.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">138</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11053</span> Lexico-Semantic and Contextual Analysis of the Concept of Joy in Modern English Fiction</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Zarine%20Avetisyan">Zarine Avetisyan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Concepts are part and parcel of everyday text and talk. Their ubiquity predetermines the topicality of the given research which aims at the semantic decomposition of concepts in general and the concept of joy in particular, as well as the study of lexico-semantic variants as means of realization of a certain concept in different “semantic settings”, namely in a certain context. To achieve the stated aim, the given research departs from the methods of componential and contextual analysis, studying lexico-semantic variants /LSVs/ of the concept of joy and the semantic signs embedded in those LSVs, such as the semantic sign of intensity, supporting emotions, etc. in the context of Modern English fiction. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=concept" title="concept">concept</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=context" title=" context"> context</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lexico-semantic%20variant" title=" lexico-semantic variant"> lexico-semantic variant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=semantic%20sign" title=" semantic sign"> semantic sign</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67474/lexico-semantic-and-contextual-analysis-of-the-concept-of-joy-in-modern-english-fiction" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/67474.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">354</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">11052</span> Gardening as a Contextual Scaffold for Learning: Connecting Community Wisdom for Science and Health Learning through Participatory Action Research</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamal%20Prasad%20Acharya">Kamal Prasad Acharya</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The related literature suggests that teaching and learning science at the basic level community schools in Nepal is based on book recitation. Consequently, the achievement levels and the understanding of basic science concepts is much below the policy expectations. In this context, this study intended to gain perception in the implementation practices of school gardens ‘One Garden One School’ for science learning and to meet the target of sustainable development goals that connects community wisdom regarding school gardening activities (SGAs) for science learning. This Participatory Action Research (PAR) study was done at the action school located in Province 3, Chitwan of Federal Nepal, supported under the NORHED/Rupantaran project. The purpose of the study was to connect the community wisdom related to gardening activities as contextual scaffolds for science learning. For this, in-depth interviews and focus group discussions were applied to collect data which were analyzed using a thematic analysis. Basic level students, science teachers, and parents reported having wonderful experiences such as active and meaningful engagement in school gardening activities for science learning as well as science teachers’ motivation in activity-based science learning. Overall, teachers, students, and parents reported that the school gardening activities have been found to have had positive effects on students’ science learning as they develop basic scientific concepts by connecting community wisdom as a contextual scaffold. It is recommended that the establishment of a school garden is important for science learning in community schools throughout Nepal. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20scaffold" title="contextual scaffold">contextual scaffold</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=community%20wisdom" title=" community wisdom"> community wisdom</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=science%20and%20health%20learning" title=" science and health learning"> science and health learning</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=school%20garden" title=" school garden"> school garden</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114512/gardening-as-a-contextual-scaffold-for-learning-connecting-community-wisdom-for-science-and-health-learning-through-participatory-action-research" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114512.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">178</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=6">6</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=7">7</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=8">8</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=9">9</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=10">10</a></li> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">...</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=369">369</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=370">370</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=contextual%20%20information&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/WASET-16th-foundational-anniversary.pdf">WASET celebrates its 16th foundational anniversary</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Account <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile">My Account</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Explore <li><a href="https://waset.org/disciplines">Disciplines</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conferences">Conferences</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/conference-programs">Conference Program</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/committees">Committees</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Publications</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Research <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts">Abstracts</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org">Periodicals</a></li> <li><a href="https://publications.waset.org/archive">Archive</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Open Science <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Philosophy.pdf">Open Science Philosophy</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Science-Award.pdf">Open Science Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Open-Society-Open-Science-and-Open-Innovation.pdf">Open Innovation</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Postdoctoral-Fellowship-Award.pdf">Postdoctoral Fellowship Award</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" href="https://publications.waset.org/static/files/Scholarly-Research-Review.pdf">Scholarly Research Review</a></li> </ul> </div> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> Support <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">Support</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Contact Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/profile/messages/create">Report Abuse</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="container text-center"> <hr style="margin-top:0;margin-bottom:.3rem;"> <a href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" target="_blank" class="text-muted small">Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License</a> <div id="copy" class="mt-2">© 2024 World Academy of Science, Engineering and Technology</div> </div> </footer> <a href="javascript:" id="return-to-top"><i class="fas fa-arrow-up"></i></a> <div class="modal" id="modal-template"> <div class="modal-dialog"> <div class="modal-content"> <div class="row m-0 mt-1"> <div class="col-md-12"> <button type="button" class="close" data-dismiss="modal" aria-label="Close"><span aria-hidden="true">×</span></button> </div> </div> <div class="modal-body"></div> </div> </div> </div> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/jquery-3.3.1.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/js/bootstrap.bundle.min.js"></script> <script src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/js/site.js?v=150220211556"></script> <script> jQuery(document).ready(function() { /*jQuery.get("https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", function (response) { jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); });*/ jQuery.get({ url: "https://publications.waset.org/xhr/user-menu", cache: false }).then(function(response){ jQuery('#mainNavMenu').append(response); }); }); </script> </body> </html>