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.latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Umbrella_House&params=40.721294_N_73.980917_W_type:landmark_region:US"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°43′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°58′51″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.721294°N 73.980917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.721294; -73.980917</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the building legally known as Umbrella House HDFC. For the building in Sarasota Florida, see <a href="/wiki/Hiss_Residence" title="Hiss Residence">Hiss Residence</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above fn org">Umbrella House</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image" style="text-align: center"><a class="mw-kartographer-map notheme mw-kartographer-container center" style="width: 250px; height: 200px;" data-mw-kartographer="mapframe" data-style="osm-intl" data-width="250" data-height="200" data-zoom="13" data-overlays="["_f1dee3b606f26d1887787c74bdda1492d010c8c0"]"><img src="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Umbrella_House&revid=1165713431&groups=_f1dee3b606f26d1887787c74bdda1492d010c8c0" width="250" height="200" decoding="async" srcset="https://maps.wikimedia.org/img/osm-intl,13,a,a,250x200@2x.png?lang=en&domain=en.wikipedia.org&title=Umbrella_House&revid=1165713431&groups=_f1dee3b606f26d1887787c74bdda1492d010c8c0 2x" alt="Map" /></a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">General information</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Address</th><td class="infobox-data">21-23 Avenue C</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Town or city</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/New_York,_New_York" class="mw-redirect" title="New York, New York">New York, New York</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data">United States</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Umbrella_House&params=40.721294_N_73.980917_W_type:landmark_region:US"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">40°43′17″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°58′51″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">40.721294°N 73.980917°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">40.721294; -73.980917</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Completed</th><td class="infobox-data">1899<span class="noprint">; 125 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1899</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Design and construction</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Architect(s)</th><td class="infobox-data">Michael Bernstein</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#ededed">Website</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umbrellahouse.nyc/">www<wbr />.umbrellahouse<wbr />.nyc</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <style 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks" style="width:auto;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title"><a href="/wiki/Squatting_in_the_United_States" title="Squatting in the United States">Squatting in<br />the United States</a></th></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e7e7ff"> International context</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Right_to_housing" title="Right to housing">Right to housing</a></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Universal_Declaration_of_Human_Rights" title="Universal Declaration of Human Rights">Universal Declaration of<br />Human Rights</a></div></li> <li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/International_Covenant_on_Economic,_Social_and_Cultural_Rights" title="International Covenant on Economic, Social and Cultural Rights">International Covenant on Economic,<br />Social and Cultural Rights</a></div></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e7e7ff"> Principles</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sweat_equity" title="Sweat equity">Sweat equity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homestead_principle" title="Homestead principle">Homestead principle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adverse_possession" title="Adverse possession">Adverse possession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gift_(law)" title="Gift (law)">Gift</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e7e7ff"> Programs</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Urban_homesteading_(housing)" title="Urban homesteading (housing)">Urban homesteading</a></li> <li>1202a Nuisance Abatement Program</li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e7e7ff"> Solution frameworks</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Housing_cooperative" title="Housing cooperative">Housing cooperative</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mutual_organization" title="Mutual organization">Mutual housing association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_land_trust" title="Community land trust">Community land trust</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e7e7ff"> Housing and justice</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;"> <ul><li><div style="display:inline-block; padding:0.2em 0.4em; line-height:1.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Association_of_Community_Organizations_for_Reform_Now" title="Association of Community Organizations for Reform Now">Association of Community<br />Organizations for Reform Now</a></div></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homes_Not_Jails" title="Homes Not Jails">Homes Not Jails</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kensington_Welfare_Rights_Union" title="Kensington Welfare Rights Union">Kensington Welfare Rights Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mad_Housers" title="Mad Housers">Mad Housers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Union_of_the_Homeless" title="National Union of the Homeless">National Union of the Homeless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupy_the_Farm" title="Occupy the Farm">Occupy the Farm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Move-In" title="Operation Move-In">Operation Move-In</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Back_the_Land" title="Take Back the Land">Take Back the Land</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Homesteading_Assistance_Board" title="Urban Homesteading Assistance Board">Urban Homesteading <br /> Assistance Board</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#e7e7ff"> Notable squats</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content plainlist" style="padding:0.2em 0 0.6em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABC_No_Rio" title="ABC No Rio">ABC No Rio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullet_Space" title="Bullet Space">Bullet Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dos_Blockos" title="Dos Blockos">Dos Blockos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-Squat" title="C-Squat">C-Squat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dignity_Village" title="Dignity Village">Dignity Village</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gowanus_Batcave" title="Gowanus Batcave">Gowanus Batcave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slab_City,_California" title="Slab City, California">Slab City</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Umbrella House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umoja_Village" title="Umoja Village">Umoja Village</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Squatting_in_the_United_States" title="Template:Squatting in the United States"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Squatting_in_the_United_States" title="Template talk:Squatting in the United States"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Squatting_in_the_United_States" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Squatting in the United States"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Umbrella House</b> is a former <a href="/wiki/Squatting" title="Squatting">squat</a><sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and a <a href="/wiki/Housing_Development_Fund_Corporation" title="Housing Development Fund Corporation">Housing Development Fund Corporation</a> in New York City's <a href="/wiki/East_Village,_Manhattan" title="East Village, Manhattan">East Village</a>, at 21-23 <a href="/wiki/Avenue_C_(Manhattan)" title="Avenue C (Manhattan)">Avenue C</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The squat, formed in 1988, was known for its political engagement and high level of collective organization among its members.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, the building officially became a <a href="/wiki/Housing_cooperative" title="Housing cooperative">housing cooperative</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umbrella_House&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The building that became Umbrella House was constructed in 1899, under the <a href="/wiki/Old_Law_Tenement" title="Old Law Tenement">Old Law Tenement</a> provisions, by architect Michael Bernstein.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1900, the building was purchased by brothers Benjamin Nieburg, a button and paper peddler, and Louis Nieburg, for $31,800. The building had various owners until the 1970s, when its owner Benjamin Cohen died in 1976. It was then sold to Lacer Realty and then repossessed by the city. The building was given to Adopt-a-Building, an interfaith group, which sealed up the building and put cinder blocks in the window. As described by Herman Hewitt, who worked for the nonprofit at the time, "We wanted to stop urban renewal, and preserve the existing housing style so we could turn it over to the community. Sealing up the building was our way to do that.”<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A documentary<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> produced by <a href="/wiki/Downtown_Community_Television_Center" title="Downtown Community Television Center">DCTV</a> in 1984, Urban Indians, shows that the building was originally squatted by Native Americans. The film mainly follows Joe Killsright, a <a href="/wiki/Sioux" title="Sioux">Sioux</a> Indian from South Dakota, and documents the struggles of everyday life in NYC that he and his community faces, such as the lack of access to heat, electricity, and health care. One of the squatters refer to the building as "a Native American survival house".<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In November 1988,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> shortly after the <a href="/wiki/Tompkins_Square_Park_riot_(1988)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tompkins Square Park riot (1988)">Tompkins Square Park Riot</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a group of five people broke into the back of the building with a <a href="/wiki/Sledgehammer" title="Sledgehammer">sledgehammer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The group included Steven Ashmore, a 28 year old art student and <a href="/wiki/Go-go_dancing" title="Go-go dancing">go-go dancer</a>. The group had chosen the building because it was well constructed and neglected.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The five people moved into the building,<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> but the group had been reduced to three people after two weeks.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>When the group first entered the building, it was derelict.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There were syringes, wet clothes, and feces on the ground. Windows and doors were covered in bricks, and the only sunlight came from a hole in the ceiling.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, the building had a leaky roof; the squatters joked that they needed umbrellas inside, hence the origin of the nickname "Umbrella House." While the roof has since been repaired, the nickname has been maintained through the display of umbrellas on the building's facade.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The first winter at Umbrella House was difficult for the group.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> By the spring, more people began arriving in the squat, and they helped improve the space. The roof was repaired, the windows were sealed, masonry began to be repaired, and large amounts of debris were removed.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Early members of the squat included "several powerful women" and "an experienced European squatter." Over time, a "significant Colombian population" developed as well.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>During the spring of 1989, the building next to Umbrella House was beginning to collapse, and a demolition crew with a wrecking ball arrived on the site. Police stated that the squatters would need to leave the space. With the help of a lawyer, the squatters were able to make a deal with the police to stay in the building during the demolition period.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Squatters continued to issue improvements to the building in the following years. A basic electric system was installed and floors were put down.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A connection was made to a sewer line underground,<sup id="cite_ref-:2_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so that the squat could be connected to the water and sewage system of New York City.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> People were responsible for the work within their own apartments, but some building work was also done by contractors.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Umbrella House residents benefited from the organizational and construction experience of their members. As explained in <i>Ours to Lose: When Squatters Became Homeowners in New York City</i>, "Residents of Umbrella House and 209 had the bureaucratic management skills and the construction skills to control the amount of work done by contractors and do the rest of the work themselves."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Furthermore, Umbrella House members had experience managing finances in a collective environment.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The squat members aimed to issue improvements according to New York City building codes. While this may have seemed irrational to some, since it cost more money and the squat members could have still been evicted, the members had a rationale for this decision. They felt that, by issuing meaningful improvements, they were building a stronger case for their claim over the building.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The building had a large <a href="/wiki/Storefront" title="Storefront">storefront</a> space. It was used to host parties and hold meetings. The squat became known for its parties and public events.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Squatters were evicted during a 1995 police raid. Umbrella House residents took their case to court, where a judge ruled in their favor under the law of <a href="/wiki/Adverse_possession" title="Adverse possession">adverse possession</a> and they were allowed to return to their homes.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 1997, all of the units in the building had plumbing and electricity. Each unit was occupied, with a total of over 20 residents living in the building.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2002, Umbrella House was one of eleven squatted buildings sold to their residents for one dollar per buildings, in a deal organized by the <a href="/wiki/Urban_Homesteading_Assistance_Board" title="Urban Homesteading Assistance Board">Urban Homesteading Assistance Board (UHAB).</a> UHAB assisted with conversion of the house into a <a href="/wiki/Housing_Development_Fund_Corporation" title="Housing Development Fund Corporation">Housing Development Fund Corporation</a>; it is now officially a cooperative known as Umbrella House HDFC.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It contains 18 units with approximately 32 residents.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2010, the building officially became a housing cooperative.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>By 2016, the storefront space was being leased to two local businesses at market rate: a barbershop and a cash-checking business. The revenue from the rental of these storefront spaces helps keeps housing costs down for the residents of Umbrella House.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_3-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rooftop_Garden">Rooftop Garden</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umbrella_House&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Rooftop Garden"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Umbrella House rooftop garden" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg/220px-Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg/330px-Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/30/Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg/440px-Umbrella_House_Rooftop_Garden.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>The rooftop garden of Umbrella House, 2018.</figcaption></figure> <p>More recently, residents of Umbrella House have constructed a 820-square-foot garden on the roof of the building.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since its inception in 2012, the garden provides fresh herbs and vegetables for the building's residents.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umbrella_House&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ABC_No_Rio" title="ABC No Rio">ABC No Rio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bullet_Space" title="Bullet Space">Bullet Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-Squat" title="C-Squat">C-Squat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dos_Blockos" title="Dos Blockos">Dos Blockos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_City,_Manhattan" title="Alphabet City, Manhattan">Loisaida</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lower_East_Side" title="Lower East Side">Lower East Side</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umbrella_House&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:1-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMoynihan2015" class="citation news cs1">Moynihan, Colin (2015-07-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/07/19/realestate/umbrella-house-east-village-co-op-run-by-former-squatters.html">"Umbrella House: East Village Co-op Run by Former Squatters"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0362-4331">0362-4331</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=Umbrella+House%3A+East+Village+Co-op+Run+by+Former+Squatters&rft.date=2015-07-17&rft.issn=0362-4331&rft.aulast=Moynihan&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F2015%2F07%2F19%2Frealestate%2Fumbrella-house-east-village-co-op-run-by-former-squatters.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDana2011" class="citation web cs1">Dana (2011-06-14). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gvshp.org/blog/2011/06/14/umbrella-umbrella/">"Umbrella, Umbrella!"</a>. <i>GVSHP | Preservation | Off the Grid</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GVSHP+%7C+Preservation+%7C+Off+the+Grid&rft.atitle=Umbrella%2C+Umbrella%21&rft.date=2011-06-14&rft.au=Dana&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fgvshp.org%2Fblog%2F2011%2F06%2F14%2Fumbrella-umbrella%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-6"><sup><i><b>g</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-7"><sup><i><b>h</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-8"><sup><i><b>i</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_3-9"><sup><i><b>j</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarecheski2016" class="citation book cs1">Starecheski, Amy (2016-11-07). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=GcJADQAAQBAJ&q=umbrella+house&pg=PA7"><i>Ours to Lose: When Squatters Became Homeowners in New York City</i></a>. University of Chicago Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-226-39994-2" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-226-39994-2"><bdi>978-0-226-39994-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ours+to+Lose%3A+When+Squatters+Became+Homeowners+in+New+York+City&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2016-11-07&rft.isbn=978-0-226-39994-2&rft.aulast=Starecheski&rft.aufirst=Amy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DGcJADQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dumbrella%2Bhouse%26pg%3DPA7&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IlSQJbEoXY"><i>Urban Indians Part 1 of 2 [DCTV Archives]</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-01</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Urban+Indians+Part+1+of+2+%5BDCTV+Archives%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D4IlSQJbEoXY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation cs2"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4IlSQJbEoXY"><i>Urban Indians Part 1 of 2 [DCTV Archives]</i></a><span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-05-01</span></span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Urban+Indians+Part+1+of+2+%5BDCTV+Archives%5D&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3D4IlSQJbEoXY&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_6-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://bedfordandbowery.com/2016/01/the-halls-of-umbrella-house-suicides-slayings-and-squatters-on-avenue-c/">"The Halls of Umbrella House: Suicides, Slayings and Squatters On Avenue C"</a>. <i>Bedford + Bowery</i>. 2016-01-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Bedford+%2B+Bowery&rft.atitle=The+Halls+of+Umbrella+House%3A+Suicides%2C+Slayings+and+Squatters+On+Avenue+C&rft.date=2016-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbedfordandbowery.com%2F2016%2F01%2Fthe-halls-of-umbrella-house-suicides-slayings-and-squatters-on-avenue-c%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://umbrellahouse.nyc/about-umbrella-house/">"About Umbrella"</a>. <i>Umbrella House</i>. 2015-06-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2021-02-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Umbrella+House&rft.atitle=About+Umbrella&rft.date=2015-06-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fumbrellahouse.nyc%2Fabout-umbrella-house%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viewing.nyc/from-ruin-to-renewal-photos-of-umbrella-house-its-residents-and-urban-farm/">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"From Ruin to Renewal", Photos of Umbrella House, Its Residents and Urban Farm"</a>. <i>Viewing NYC</i>. 2015-07-23<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2019-11-15</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Viewing+NYC&rft.atitle=%22From+Ruin+to+Renewal%22%2C+Photos+of+Umbrella+House%2C+Its+Residents+and+Urban+Farm&rft.date=2015-07-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fviewing.nyc%2Ffrom-ruin-to-renewal-photos-of-umbrella-house-its-residents-and-urban-farm%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AUmbrella+House" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Umbrella_House&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.umbrellahouse.nyc/">Official website</a></span></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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City Department of Homeless Services">NYC Department of Homeless Services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Department_of_Housing_Preservation_and_Development" title="New York City Department of Housing Preservation and Development">NYC Department of Housing Preservation and Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Housing_Authority" title="New York City Housing Authority">NYC Housing Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Housing_Authority_Police_Department" title="New York City Housing Authority Police Department">NYC Housing Authority Police Department</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Loft_Board" title="New York City Loft Board">NYC Loft Board</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Police_Department_Housing_Bureau" title="New York City Police Department Housing Bureau"> NYPD Housing Bureau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Legislature" title="New York State Legislature">New York State Legislature</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legislation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York<br /> State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rent_regulation_in_New_York" title="Rent regulation in New York">Rent regulation in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Callahan_v._Carey" title="Callahan v. Carey">Callahan v. Carey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_Stability_and_Tenant_Protection_Act_of_2019" title="Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019">Housing Stability and Tenant Protection Act of 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitchell%E2%80%93Lama_Housing_Program" title="Mitchell–Lama Housing Program">Mitchell–Lama Housing Program</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Tenement_House_Act" title="New York State Tenement House Act">New York State Tenement House Act</a> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Law_Tenement" title="Old Law Tenement">Old Law Tenement</a>, <a href="/wiki/New_Law_Tenement" title="New Law Tenement">New Law Tenement</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">New York<br /> City</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/421-a_tax_exemption" title="421-a tax exemption">421-a tax exemption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1982_Loft_Law" title="1982 Loft Law">1982 Loft Law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009_Loft_Law_Amendment" title="2009 Loft Law Amendment">2009 Loft Law Amendment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Article_7A_(New_York_City_housing_code)" title="Article 7A (New York City housing code)">Article 7A (New York City housing code)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Law_45_of_1976" title="Local Law 45 of 1976">Local Law 45 of 1976</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_Law_97_of_2019" title="Local Law 97 of 2019">Local Law 97 of 2019</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Self-Certification_(New_York_City_Department_of_Buildings)" title="Self-Certification (New York City Department of Buildings)">Self-Certification (New York City Department of Buildings)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uniform_Land_Use_Review_Procedure" title="Uniform Land Use Review Procedure">Uniform Land Use Review Procedure</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Non-/<br />governmental<br /> organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Forney_Center" title="Ali Forney Center">Ali Forney Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Asian_Americans_for_Equality" title="Asian Americans for Equality">Asian Americans for Equality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Association_for_a_Better_New_York" title="Association for a Better New York">Association for a Better New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breaking_Ground" title="Breaking Ground">Breaking Ground</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bowery_Mission" title="The Bowery Mission">The Bowery Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Citizens_Housing_and_Planning_Council" title="Citizens Housing and Planning Council">Citizens Housing and Planning Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crown_Heights_Tenant_Union" title="Crown Heights Tenant Union">Crown Heights Tenant Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homes_for_the_Homeless" title="Homes for the Homeless">Homes for the Homeless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_Works" title="Housing Works">Housing Works</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_Council_on_Housing" title="Metropolitan Council on Housing">Metropolitan Council on Housing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Movement_for_Justice_in_el_Barrio" title="Movement for Justice in el Barrio">Movement for Justice in el Barrio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Open_New_York" title="Open New York">Open New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladia_(social_services_organization)" title="Palladia (social services organization)">Palladia (social services organization)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Picture_the_Homeless" title="Picture the Homeless">Picture the Homeless</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Real_Estate_Board_of_New_York" title="Real Estate Board of New York">Real Estate Board of New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rent_Is_Too_Damn_High_Party" title="Rent Is Too Damn High Party">Rent Is Too Damn High Party</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sanctuary_for_Families" title="Sanctuary for Families">Sanctuary for Families</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urban_Homesteading_Assistance_Board" title="Urban Homesteading Assistance Board">Urban Homesteading Assistance Board</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Squatting and<br /> homesteading</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/519_East_11th_Street" title="519 East 11th Street">519 East 11th Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ABC_No_Rio" title="ABC No Rio">ABC No Rio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C-Squat" title="C-Squat">C-Squat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charas/El_Bohio" title="Charas/El Bohio">Charas/El Bohio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dos_Blockos" title="Dos Blockos">Dos Blockos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Freedom_Tunnel" title="Freedom Tunnel">Freedom Tunnel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gowanus_Batcave" title="Gowanus Batcave">Gowanus Batcave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Reclaimed_Urban_Space" title="Museum of Reclaimed Urban Space">Museum of Reclaimed Urban Space</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Move-In" title="Operation Move-In">Operation Move-In</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Umbrella House</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Housing rights<br /> activists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Goldin" title="Frances Goldin">Frances Goldin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Florence_M._Rice" title="Florence M. Rice">Florence M. Rice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isaac_Newton_Phelps_Stokes" title="Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes">Isaac Newton Phelps Stokes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesse_Gray" title="Jesse Gray">Jesse Gray</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joseph_DeFilippis" title="Joseph DeFilippis">Joseph DeFilippis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mitch_Snyder" title="Mitch Snyder">Mitch Snyder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pauline_Newman_(labor_activist)" title="Pauline Newman (labor activist)">Pauline Newman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosanne_Haggerty" title="Rosanne Haggerty">Rosanne Haggerty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stanley_M._Isaacs" title="Stanley M. Isaacs">Stanley M. Isaacs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/City_Limits_(New_York_magazine)" title="City Limits (New York magazine)">City Limits</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dark_Days_(film)" title="Dark Days (film)">Dark Days (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_the_Other_Half_Lives" title="How the Other Half Lives">How the Other Half Lives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kill_City:_Lower_East_Side_Squatters_1992%E2%80%932000" title="Kill City: Lower East Side Squatters 1992–2000">Kill City: Lower East Side Squatters 1992–2000</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-Third_of_a_Nation" title="One-Third of a Nation">One-Third of a Nation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Project_Lives" title="Project Lives">Project Lives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rent_(musical)" title="Rent (musical)">Rent (musical)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_City_We_Became" title="The City We Became">The City We Became</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Events</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anti-Rent_War" title="Anti-Rent War">1839-1845 Anti-Rent War</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904_New_York_City_Rent_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1904 New York City Rent Strike">1904 New York City Rent Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1907_New_York_City_Rent_Strike" class="mw-redirect" title="1907 New York City Rent Strike">1907 New York City Rent Strike</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1918-20_New_York_City_rent_strikes" class="mw-redirect" title="1918-20 New York City rent strikes">1918-20 New York City rent strikes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Homelessness_in_New_York" title="Homelessness in New York">Homelessness in New York</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Involuntary_hospitalization_of_Joyce_Brown" title="Involuntary hospitalization of Joyce Brown">Involuntary hospitalization of Joyce Brown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_York_City_housing_shortage" title="New York City housing shortage">New York City housing shortage</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; 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