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Advanced Fluorescent Sensors for Neurotransmitter Detection: Innovations and Applications – Nanotechnology
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fetchpriority="high" /> </div> <header class="entry-header"> <h1 class="entry-title" itemprop="headline">Advanced Fluorescent Sensors for Neurotransmitter Detection: Innovations and Applications</h1> <div class="entry-meta"> <span class="posted-on"><time class="entry-date published" datetime="2024-10-28T15:01:22+05:30" itemprop="datePublished">October 28, 2024</time></span> <span class="byline">by <span class="author vcard" itemprop="author" itemtype="https://schema.org/Person" itemscope><a class="url fn n" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/archive/author/nanotechnology/" title="View all posts by nanotechnology" rel="author" itemprop="url"><span class="author-name" itemprop="name">nanotechnology</span></a></span></span> </div> </header> <div class="entry-content" itemprop="text"> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Over recent decades, the discovery of fluorescent sensors has been considered to be of high importance in biomedical research, especially in the detection of neurotransmitter agents. Neurotransmitters are chemicals that directly mediate activities in the nervous system, often related to mood or behavior. The need to objectively and simultaneously quantify neurotransmitters online is vital to determining Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s, depression, and schizophrenia. In conventional techniques of monitoring neurotransmitters, e.g., electrochemical, the methods are often invasive and require extensive analysis, and the results are not real-time. However, recent developments in fluorescent sensors have enabled other methods for the determination of neurotransmitters in different biological samples, such as biofluids and tissue, that are more sensitive, selective, and non-destructive. This article is a review focused on recent advances in fluorescent sensors for neurotransmitter detection and the field application of these sensors in the biomedical sciences.</span></p> <h4><b>The Need for Advanced Neurotransmitter Detection Techniques</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The human nervous system possesses a certain complex of substances, of which neurotransmitters are the focus of attention. Imbalances in neurotransmitter concentrations cause distinct neurological conditions; therefore, there should be precise measurements of these molecules. The classical techniques for the determination of neurotransmitters, like HPLC and mass spectrometry, though precise, are often slow, expensive, and require a fair amount of sample preparation. In addition, they are not time-dependent, and this is very important, especially since the neurotransmitter release and uptake processes in the brain are time-dependent.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The application of fluorescent sensors can be considered rather prospective for neurotransmitter detection due to their high sensitivity and selectivity, as well as the possibility of working in real time. These sensors are based on the principle of fluorescence: a molecule captures light at one wavelength and radiates it at another wavelength. When designed with specific recognition elements, fluorescent sensors can selectively capture target neurotransmitters, and thereby, the change in fluorescence serves as the basis for the concentration of the neurotransmitter. This makes it possible to monitor the levels of neurotransmitters in living tissues and biofluids in real-time, and this affords an understanding of the pathogenesis of neurological disorders.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Yearwise Publication Trend on <b>“<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/publication-trends/index/neurotransmitter detection" target="_blank" title="neurotransmitter detection - yearwise publication trends">neurotransmitter detection</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div><div class="results-container"><div class="chart-block" style="padding:15px;"> <div class="left"> <div id="results" class="results"></div> </div> <div class="right"> <div class="chart-container"><canvas id="publicationChart"></canvas></div> </div> <div class="keywordsdiv"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publication trends on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-stats"></span> </div> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"><style> table { margin: 0 0 1.5em; 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One of them is the creation of artificial receptors made of zeolites, which, incidentally, possess record-breaking selectivity to interact with neurotransmitters like serotonin or dopamine. These ZARs are confirmative, and they are built using a modular receptor architecture in which micropore hybrid materials establish a precise binding niche for the intended neurotransmitter. Since ZARs are capable of engaging neurotransmitters reversibly in fairly complicated biological matrices, such an architecture is particularly suitable for use in pointed diagnostics, metabolomics, and clinical proteomics.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The other significant accomplishment is the use of supramolecular chemistry in the synthesis of sensors. Some of the techniques include supramolecular fluorescent artificial receptors (FARs) in the development of the real-time parallel artificial membrane permeability assay (RT-PAMPA). It allows for the detection of the fluorescence of neurotransmitters without having to move or alter the samples under investigation. The FARs in RT-PAMPA are macrocyclic receptors tied to an encapsulated fluorescent dye, which can bind with neurotransmitters and evoke a fluorescent signal. This not only increases the sensitivity of order neurotransmitter identification but also enhances the capability of screening a huge number of candidates for new drug discovery.</span></p> <h4><b>Applications in Real-Time Neurotransmitter Monitoring</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Among the most specific and quite possibly the most spectacular uses of these advanced fluorescent sensors is the detection and tracking of neurotransmitters’ concentrations within living tissues. These fluorescent sensors have been used to fabricate biosensors that are wearable and implantable to monitor neurotransmitter levels in patients suffering from neurological disorders. For example, a recent invention is an implantable nanosensor that makes use of CoPhMoRe to identify steroid hormones, including neurotransmitter precursors such as cortisol and progesterone. These sensors are made to be stable and reversible and therefore should be suited to the long-term preparation of neurotransmitter levels in vivo.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Besides wearable devices, fluorescent sensors are also incorporated into microfluidic platforms for monitoring the release and uptake of neurotransmitters in the tissue of the brain. These systems employ fluorescent signals to measure modifications in the concentration of neurotransmitters concerning the alterations induced from outside and, hence, are useful in understanding the dynamics of the synapses. These systems can point toward a new way of approaching the understanding of the workings of the human brain and the creation of therapeutic approaches toward various neurological and mental health diseases.</span></p> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Recent Publications on <b>“<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/recent-publications/index/neurotransmitter detection" target="_blank" rel="noopener" title="neurotransmitter detection - yearwise publication list">neurotransmitter detection</a>”</b></h2> </div> </div> <div class="pb-main"><div class="article-scroll"><div id="results_recent" class="results"></div></div><div class="keywordsdiv" style="margin: 0px 15px;margin-top:20px;"> <div style="text-align:center;"><b>Find publications on relevant topics</b> </div> <span class="gp-icon icon-tags"><svg viewBox="0 0 512 512" aria-hidden="true" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="1em" height="1em"><path d="M20 39.5c-8.836 0-16 7.163-16 16v176c0 4.243 1.686 8.313 4.687 11.314l224 224c6.248 6.248 16.378 6.248 22.626 0l176-176c6.244-6.244 6.25-16.364.013-22.615l-223.5-224A15.999 15.999 0 00196.5 39.5H20zm56 96c0-13.255 10.745-24 24-24s24 10.745 24 24-10.745 24-24 24-24-10.745-24-24z"></path><path d="M259.515 43.015c4.686-4.687 12.284-4.687 16.97 0l228 228c4.686 4.686 4.686 12.284 0 16.97l-180 180c-4.686 4.687-12.284 4.687-16.97 0-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97L479.029 279.5 259.515 59.985c-4.686-4.686-4.686-12.284 0-16.97z"></path></svg></span> <span id="keyword-papers"></span> </div></div></div><div class="inside-article"> <style> .pb-main{ border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .author-main { border: solid 1px #ccc; border-top: none; margin-bottom: 20px; padding-bottom: 25px; background:#fff; } .publication-block { padding: 10px; margin-bottom: 10px; 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resultsContainer = document.getElementById('keyword-papers'); resultsContainer.innerHTML = ''; if (!keywords || keywords.length === 0) { resultsContainer.innerHTML = '<p>No data found.</p>'; return; } var keywordHTML = ''; keywords.forEach((key, index) => { let key_replace = key.replace(/ /g, '-'); key_replace = key_replace.toLowerCase(); keywordHTML += `<a href="https://nanotechnology.blog/recent-publications/index/${key_replace}" target="_blank" title="${key} - publication list">${key}</a>`; if (index < keywords.length - 1) { keywordHTML += ', '; } }); resultsContainer.innerHTML = keywordHTML; } // Call the function with the PHP data var recent_papers = [ { "title": "An electrochemical microbiosensor for serotonin based on surface imprinted layer coordinated bimetal functionalized acupuncture needle.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38838564", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Abundant extrasynaptic expression of \u03b13\u03b24-containing nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the medial habenula-interpeduncular nucleus pathway in mice.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38902419", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Utilizing a Disposable Sensor with Polyaniline-Doped Multi-Walled Carbon Nanotubes to Enable Dopamine Detection in Ex Vivo Mouse Brain Tissue Homogenates.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38920566", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Multifunctional Nanomaterials for Advancing Neural Interfaces: Recording, Stimulation, and Beyond.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38859612", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Study on the role of CCM3 gene and lead exposure induced neurotoxicity through neurovascular units.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38657460", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "A PEDOT: PSS\/GO fiber microelectrode fabricated by microfluidic spinning for dopamine detection in human serum and PC12 cells.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38822867", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Evaluation of the potential role of glutamatergic, cholinergic, and nitrergic systems in the dopamine release induced by the pesticide glyphosate in rat striatum.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38828527", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Ultrasensitive Monolithic Dopamine Microsensors Employing Vertically Aligned Carbon Nanofibers.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38837670", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "In situ detection of dopamine in single living cells by molecularly imprinted polymer-functionalized nanoelectrodes.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38677016", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Optimizing neurotransmitter pathway detection by IR-MALDESI-MSI in mouse brain.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38822822", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Vanadium Single Atoms Embedded in MoS Enabled Gut-Brain Axis Neurotransmitter Detection at pM Levels.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38778499", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Synthesis and characterization of nitrogen-doped-MWCNT@cobalt oxide for nerve agent simulant detection.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38773127", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Tailored portable electrochemical sensor for dopamine detection in human fluids using heteroatom-doped three-dimensional g-CN hornet nest structure.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39142767", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Key role of adsorption site abundance in the direct electrochemical co-detection of estradiol and dopamine.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39196483", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Bridging Neurobiological Insights and Clinical Biomarkers in Postpartum Depression: A Narrative Review.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39201521", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "All-Diamond Boron-Doped Microelectrodes for Neurochemical Sensing with Fast-Scan Cyclic Voltammetry.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39211237", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Direct detection of endogenous G\u03b1i activity in cells with a sensitive conformational biosensor.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39229046", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Rapid Analytical Method for Quantification of Gamma-Hydroxybutyrate (GHB) in Hair by UPLC-MS\/MS.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/39279045", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Electrochemical detection of the neurotransmitter glutamate and the effect of the psychotropic drug riluzole on its oxidation response.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38363306", "publishedDate": "2024" }, { "title": "Biopolymer-protected graphene-FeO nanocomposite based wearable microneedle sensor: toward real-time continuous monitoring of dopamine.", "url": "https:\/\/pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov\/38414985", "publishedDate": "2024" } ]; var keywordsArray = ["Fluorescent sensors","neurotransmitter detection","real-time monitoring","zeolite-based artificial receptors","supramolecular chemistry","wearable biosensors","implantable nanosensors","personalized medicine","neurological disorders"]; displayResults_recent(recent_papers); displayKeywordPapers(keywordsArray); // function stripslashes(str) { // if (typeof str === 'string') { // return str.replace(/\/g, ''); // } // } </script></p> <h4><b>Challenges and Future Directions</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Despite the infancy of fluorescent sensor technology for neurotransmitter detection, there are several challenges. One of the main difficulties is the problem of obtaining sensors that should function in the presence of multiple neurotransmitters and other biomolecules. The selectivity of fluorescent sensors should be very high to differentiate one neurotransmitter from the other and similar compounds. Furthermore, they should act in real-time without signal drift and without the quality of the sensor’s reading decreasing over time.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">Another problem or issue is the incorporation of fluorescent sensors into wearable and implantable devices that are biocompatible yet physically robust. These sensors must be capable of working for long periods without posing clinical effects on the body. It is believed that with the continued progress in the fields of material science and engineering, as well as biocompatible polymers and nanomaterials, these challenges will be solved in the subsequent years.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">The future of fluorescent sensor technology in neurotransmitter detection will probably include the creation of multi-analyte probes that would permit precise, real-time assessment of several neurotransmitters at the same time. These sensors will generate a more elaborate comparative view of the different neurological inputs of the neurotransmitters than before, as well as their role in neurological disorders. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">In addition, the use of fluorescent sensors in combination with other diagnostic devices like electrochemical sensors and imaging techniques will improve the functionality of these tools in diagnostic environments.</span></p> <h4><b>Conclusion</b></h4> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">stemming from the improvement of advanced fluorescent sensors for detecting neurotransmitters, biomedical research, and clinical diagnostics have significantly advanced. These sensors are non-invasive, real-time, and highly sensitive to detect the neurotransmitter levels in the living tissues without damaging them and help in understanding the neurological mechanisms of diseases. Developments in hormone sensors include the use of ‘artificial receptors’ based on zeolites and new branches of chemistry called supramolecular science that improve the selectivity and sensitivity of these sensors for a wide application in the field of personalized medicine and drug discovery.</span></p> <p><span style="font-weight: 400;">In the long run, the use of fluorescent sensors as an addition to wearables and implantable gadgets will open new chances for constant monitoring of neurotransmitters in patients and, as a result, improve prospects in both the diagnosis and treatment of neurological disorders. </span><span style="font-weight: 400;">However, some challenges have to be addressed; the future of fluorescent sensor technology for the detection of neurotransmitters is promising only if further work is done to understand the brain, particularly its chemistry.</span></p> <p></p> <h4><b>References</b></h4> <ol> <li>Grimm, L.M., Sinn, S., Krstić, M., D’Este, E., Sonntag, I., Prasetyanto, E.A., Kuner, T., Wenzel, W., De Cola, L. and Biedermann, F., 2021. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002/adma.202104614">Fluorescent nanozeolite receptors for the highly selective and sensitive detection of neurotransmitters in water and biofluids.</a> <i>Advanced Materials</i>, <i>33</i>(49), p.2104614.</li> <li>He, S., Zhiti, A., Barba-Bon, A., Hennig, A. and Nau, W.M., 2020. <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2020.597927/full">Real-time parallel artificial membrane permeability assay based on supramolecular fluorescent artificial receptors.</a> <i>Frontiers in Chemistry</i>, <i>8</i>, p.597927.</li> <li>Lee, M.A., Wang, S., Jin, X., Bakh, N.A., Nguyen, F.T., Dong, J., Silmore, K.S., Gong, X., Pham, C., Jones, K.K. and Muthupalani, S., 2020. <a href="https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1002/adhm.202000429">Implantable nanosensors for human steroid hormone sensing in vivo using a self‐templating corona phase molecular recognition.</a> <i>Advanced Healthcare Materials</i>, <i>9</i>(21), p.2000429.</li> <li>Chandra, F., Dutta, T. and Koner, A.L., 2020. <a href="https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/chemistry/articles/10.3389/fchem.2020.582757/full">Supramolecular encapsulation of a neurotransmitter serotonin by cucurbit [7] uril.</a> <i>Frontiers in Chemistry</i>, <i>8</i>, p.582757.</li> <li>Banerjee, S., McCracken, S., Hossain, M.F. and Slaughter, G., 2020. <a href="https://www.mdpi.com/2079-6374/10/8/101">Electrochemical detection of neurotransmitters.</a> <i>Biosensors</i>, <i>10</i>(8), p.101.</li> <li>Bhide, A., Ganguly, A., Parupudi, T., Ramasamy, M., Muthukumar, S. and Prasad, S., 2021. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acsomega.0c06209">Next-generation continuous metabolite sensing toward emerging sensor needs.</a> <i>ACS omega</i>, <i>6</i>(9), pp.6031-6040.</li> <li>Zhong, C., Hu, C., Kumar, R., Trouillet, V., Biedermann, F. and Hirtz, M., 2021. <a href="https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/acsanm.1c00293">Cucurbit [n] uril-immobilized sensor arrays for indicator-displacement assays of small bioactive metabolites.</a> <i>ACS Applied Nano Materials</i>, <i>4</i>(5), pp.4676-4687.</li> </ol> <p></div></div> <div style="background: #f7f7f7;border: 1px solid rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.07);"> <div style="padding: 30px;"><div class="Adblock-main"> <div class="Adblock-head"> <h2>Top Experts on “<b style="color:#000;font-size:22px;">neurotransmitter detection</b>“</h2> </div> </div><div class="author-main"><div id="results_author"></div><div style="text-align: center;"><a class="register-button" href="https://nanotechnology.blog/expert-search" target="_blank" rel="noopener">Find experts on any field</a></div></div><div class="inside-article" style="background: none;border: none;box-shadow: none;margin-top: -70px;"> <style> .author-block { padding: 15px; 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