CINXE.COM

ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം - വിക്കിപീഡിയ

<!DOCTYPE html> <html class="client-nojs vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available" lang="ml" dir="ltr"> <head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <title>ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം - വിക്കിപീഡിയ</title> <script>(function(){var className="client-js vector-feature-language-in-header-enabled vector-feature-language-in-main-page-header-disabled vector-feature-sticky-header-disabled vector-feature-page-tools-pinned-disabled vector-feature-toc-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-main-menu-pinned-disabled vector-feature-limited-width-clientpref-1 vector-feature-limited-width-content-enabled vector-feature-custom-font-size-clientpref-1 vector-feature-appearance-pinned-clientpref-1 vector-feature-night-mode-disabled skin-theme-clientpref-day vector-toc-available";var cookie=document.cookie.match(/(?:^|; )mlwikimwclientpreferences=([^;]+)/);if(cookie){cookie[1].split('%2C').forEach(function(pref){className=className.replace(new RegExp('(^| )'+pref.replace(/-clientpref-\w+$|[^\w-]+/g,'')+'-clientpref-\\w+( |$)'),'$1'+pref+'$2');});}document.documentElement.className=className;}());RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":false,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy" ,"wgMonthNames":["","ജനുവരി","ഫെബ്രുവരി","മാർച്ച്","ഏപ്രിൽ","മേയ്","ജൂൺ","ജൂലൈ","ഓഗസ്റ്റ്","സെപ്റ്റംബർ","ഒക്ടോബർ","നവംബർ","ഡിസംബർ"],"wgRequestId":"decf607e-23c9-445d-9a71-7cdcf00f53b5","wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":false,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം","wgTitle":"ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം","wgCurRevisionId":3677092,"wgRevisionId":3677092,"wgArticleId":47320,"wgIsArticle":true,"wgIsRedirect":false,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":["Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page","ചരിത്രം - അപൂർണ്ണലേഖനങ്ങൾ","വിവിധ കാലഘട്ടങ്ങളിലെ ചരിത്രം"],"wgPageViewLanguage":"ml","wgPageContentLanguage":"ml", "wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം","wgRelevantArticleId":47320,"wgIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":true,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgNoticeProject":"wikipedia","wgCiteReferencePreviewsActive":false,"wgMediaViewerOnClick":true,"wgMediaViewerEnabledByDefault":true,"wgPopupsFlags":0,"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"ml","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"ml"},"wgMFDisplayWikibaseDescriptions":{"search":true,"watchlist":true,"tagline":true,"nearby":true},"wgWMESchemaEditAttemptStepOversample":false,"wgWMEPageLength":4000,"wgRelatedArticlesCompat":[],"wgCentralAuthMobileDomain":false,"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":true,"wgULSPosition":"interlanguage","wgULSisCompactLinksEnabled":false,"wgVector2022LanguageInHeader":true,"wgULSisLanguageSelectorEmpty":false,"wgWikibaseItemId":"Q11756","wgCheckUserClientHintsHeadersJsApi":["brands","architecture","bitness", "fullVersionList","mobile","model","platform","platformVersion"],"GEHomepageSuggestedEditsEnableTopics":true,"wgGETopicsMatchModeEnabled":false,"wgGEStructuredTaskRejectionReasonTextInputEnabled":false,"wgGELevelingUpEnabledForUser":false,"wgSiteNoticeId":"2.2"};RLSTATE={"ext.globalCssJs.user.styles":"ready","site.styles":"ready","user.styles":"ready","ext.globalCssJs.user":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.search.codex.styles":"ready","skins.vector.styles":"ready","skins.vector.icons":"ready","ext.wikimediamessages.styles":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready","ext.uls.interlanguage":"ready","wikibase.client.init":"ready","ext.wikimediaBadges":"ready","ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.js","ext.centralNotice.geoIP","ext.centralNotice.startUp","ext.gadget.ReferenceTooltips","ext.gadget.refToolbar","ext.urlShortener.toolbar", "ext.centralauth.centralautologin","mmv.bootstrap","ext.popups","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader","ext.echo.centralauth","ext.eventLogging","ext.wikimediaEvents","ext.navigationTiming","ext.uls.interface","ext.cx.eventlogging.campaigns","ext.cx.uls.quick.actions","wikibase.client.vector-2022","ext.checkUser.clientHints","ext.growthExperiments.SuggestedEditSession","wikibase.sidebar.tracking","ext.dismissableSiteNotice"];</script> <script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.impl(function(){return["user.options@12s5i",function($,jQuery,require,module){mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); }];});});</script> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ml&amp;modules=ext.dismissableSiteNotice.styles%7Cext.uls.interlanguage%7Cext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript%7Cext.wikimediaBadges%7Cext.wikimediamessages.styles%7Cskins.vector.icons%2Cstyles%7Cskins.vector.search.codex.styles%7Cwikibase.client.init&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <script async="" src="/w/load.php?lang=ml&amp;modules=startup&amp;only=scripts&amp;raw=1&amp;skin=vector-2022"></script> <meta name="ResourceLoaderDynamicStyles" content=""> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/w/load.php?lang=ml&amp;modules=site.styles&amp;only=styles&amp;skin=vector-2022"> <meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.44.0-wmf.4"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin"> <meta name="referrer" content="origin-when-cross-origin"> <meta name="robots" content="max-image-preview:standard"> <meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം - വിക്കിപീഡിയ"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="preconnect" href="//upload.wikimedia.org"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//ml.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="തിരുത്തുക" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ (ml)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//ml.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.ml"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ ആറ്റം ഫീഡ്" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE&amp;feed=atom"> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//meta.wikimedia.org" /> <link rel="dns-prefetch" href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം rootpage-ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Jump to content</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="സൈറ്റ്"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="പ്രധാന മെനു" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-menu mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-menu"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">പ്രധാന മെനു</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">പ്രധാന മെനു</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">സൈഡ്‌ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ഉള്ളടക്കം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" title="പ്രധാനതാൾ സന്ദർശിക്കുക [z]" accesskey="z"><span>പ്രധാന താൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-content-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയയുടെ ഉള്ളടക്ക പര്യവേക്ഷണം"><span>ഉള്ളടക്കം</span></a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സമകാലീനസംഭവങ്ങളുടെ പശ്ചാത്തലം അന്വേഷിക്കുക"><span>സമകാലികം</span></a></li><li id="n-newpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയയിൽ പുതുതായി നിർമ്മിക്കപ്പെട്ട താളുകൾ"><span>പുതിയ താളുകൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%82" title="ഏതെങ്കിലും ഒരു താൾ തുറക്കൂ [x]" accesskey="x"><span>ഏതെങ്കിലും താൾ</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-participation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-participation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> പങ്കാളിത്തം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-startarticle" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF" title="പുതിയ ഒരു ലേഖനം തുടങ്ങുവാൻ"><span>ലേഖനം തുടങ്ങുക</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="വിക്കിയിലെ സമീപകാലമാറ്റങ്ങൾ [r]" accesskey="r"><span>സമീപകാല മാറ്റങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%82%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82" title="പദ്ധതി താളിനെക്കുറിച്ച്, താങ്കൾക്കെന്തൊക്കെ ചെയ്യാം, കാര്യങ്ങൾ എവിടെനിന്ന് കണ്ടെത്താം"><span>സാമൂഹികകവാടം</span></a></li><li id="n-portal-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82"><span>കവാടം</span></a></li><li id="n-panchayat-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B4%9E%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D" title="ആറു ഗ്രാമസഭകളുള്ള വിക്കിപീഡിയ ചർച്ചാവേദി"><span>പഞ്ചായത്ത്</span></a></li><li id="n-Embassy" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:Embassy"><span>Embassy</span></a></li><li id="n-അപ്‌ലോഡ്‌" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E2%80%8C%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%A1%E0%B5%8D"><span>അപ്‌ലോഡ്‌</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-navigation-sb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation-sb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> വഴികാട്ടി </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%89%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82" title="സഹായം ലഭ്യമായ ഇടം"><span>സഹായം</span></a></li><li id="n-sandbox-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%B4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF"><span>എഴുത്തുകളരി</span></a></li><li id="n-styleguide-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B6%E0%B5%88%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82"><span>ശൈലീപുസ്തകം</span></a></li><li id="n-policies-and-gl-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%B0%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%82"><span>നയങ്ങളും മാർഗ്ഗരേഖകളും</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-communication-sb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-communication-sb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ആശയവിനിമയം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-livechat-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%90.%E0%B4%86%E0%B5%BC.%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BF."><span>തത്സമയ സംവാദം</span></a></li><li id="n-maillist-sb" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D"><span>മെയിലിങ് ലിസ്റ്റ്</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B5%BE" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <span class="mw-logo-container skin-invert"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="വിക്കിപീഡിയ" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-ml.svg" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="&lt;small&gt;വിക്കിപീഡിയ, ഒരു സ്വതന്ത്ര വിജ്ഞാനകോശം&lt;/small&gt;" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-ml.svg" width="119" height="12" style="width: 7.4375em; height: 0.75em;"> </span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B7%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക [f]" accesskey="f"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-search mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-search"></span> <span>തിരയൂ</span> </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക" aria-label="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക" autocapitalize="sentences" title="വിക്കിപീഡിയ സംരംഭത്തിൽ തിരയുക [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > <span class="cdx-text-input__icon cdx-text-input__start-icon"></span> </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="പ്രത്യേകം:അന്വേഷണം"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">തിരയൂ</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page&#039;s font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ദൃശ്യരൂപം</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ml.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ml" class=""><span>ധനസമാഹരണം</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD&amp;returnto=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="നിർബന്ധമില്ലെങ്കിലും, താങ്കൾ ഒരു അംഗത്വമെടുക്കണമെന്നും പ്രവേശിക്കണമെന്നും താത്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു" class=""><span>അംഗത്വമെടുക്കുക</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82&amp;returnto=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="ലോഗിൻ ചെയ്യുവാൻ താല്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു; പക്ഷേ നിർബന്ധമല്ല [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>പ്രവേശിക്കുക</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="കൂടുതൽ ഐച്ഛികങ്ങൾ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">വ്യക്തിഗത ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&amp;utm_medium=sidebar&amp;utm_campaign=C13_ml.wikipedia.org&amp;uselang=ml"><span>ധനസമാഹരണം</span></a></li><li id="pt-contribute" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Contribute"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-edit mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-edit"></span> <span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BD&amp;returnto=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="നിർബന്ധമില്ലെങ്കിലും, താങ്കൾ ഒരു അംഗത്വമെടുക്കണമെന്നും പ്രവേശിക്കണമെന്നും താത്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>അംഗത്വമെടുക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%82&amp;returnto=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="ലോഗിൻ ചെയ്യുവാൻ താല്പര്യപ്പെടുന്നു; പക്ഷേ നിർബന്ധമല്ല [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>പ്രവേശിക്കുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>കൂടുതൽ അറിയുക</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%8E%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82" title="ഈ ഐ.പി. വിലാസത്തിൽനിന്നുള്ള തിരുത്തലുകളെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള സം‌വാദം [n]" accesskey="n"><span>സംവാദം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003Eഒഴിവാക്കുക\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"ml\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Ctable width=\"100%;\" align=\"center\" style=\"background:#EAF6FD;text-align: center;\"\u003E\n\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\n\u003Ctd\u003E\u003Csmall\u003E\u003Cb\u003EReading Problems?\u003C/b\u003E \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82:To_Read_in_Malayalam\" title=\"സഹായം:To Read in Malayalam\"\u003E\u003Cb\u003EClick here\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/small\u003E\n\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n\u003Cdiv style=\"width:98%; margin:5px auto; border: 1px solid #fff640; border-style: outset; box-shadow:2px 2px 4px #aaa; padding:13px 15px; background:linear-gradient(to right, #f0cdd6 1%,#ffffff 29%,#ffffff 68%,#d0f1f9 99%); font-size:1.1em;\"\u003E\n\u003Cfigure class=\"mw-halign-left\" typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Notepad_icon.png\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/8/89/Notepad_icon.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"66\" class=\"mw-file-element\" data-file-width=\"71\" data-file-height=\"59\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\u003C/figure\u003E \n\u003Cfigure class=\"mw-halign-right\" typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:WAM_logo_without_text.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/80px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"80\" height=\"86\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/120px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/WAM_logo_without_text.svg/160px-WAM_logo_without_text.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"800\" data-file-height=\"859\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003Cfigcaption\u003E\u003C/figcaption\u003E\u003C/figure\u003E\n\u003Cp style=\"text-align:center;\"\u003E \n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:WAM2024\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"വിക്കിപീഡിയ:WAM2024\"\u003Eവിക്കിപീഡിയ എഷ്യൻമാസം 2024\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E \u003Cbr /\u003E2015ൽ ആരംഭിച്ച ഏഷ്യയിലുള്ള വിവിധ ഭാഷാസമൂഹങ്ങൾ പങ്കെടുക്കുന്ന ലേഖന രചനായജ്ഞമാണ് വിക്കിപീഡിയ ഏഷ്യൻ മാസം.\u003Cbr /\u003E 1 നവംബർ മുതൽ 30 നവംബർ വരെ \u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:WAM2024\" class=\"mw-redirect\" title=\"വിക്കിപീഡിയ:WAM2024\"\u003Eപങ്കുചേരൂ\u003C/a\u003E..\n\u003C/p\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E \n\u003Cstyle data-mw-deduplicate=\"TemplateStyles:r4107485\"\u003E.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 0;border-collapse:collapse;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);box-sizing:border-box;color:var(--color-base,#202122)}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{border:2px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ombox-delete{border:2px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ombox-content{border:1px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ombox-style{border:1px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ombox-move{border:1px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ombox-protection{border:2px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.9em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ombox .mbox-invalid-type{text-align:center}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ombox{margin:4px 10%}.mw-parser-output .ombox.mbox-small{clear:right;float:right;margin:4px 0 4px 1em;width:238px}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.ombox img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ombox-speedy{background-color:#310402}}\u003C/style\u003E\u003Ctable class=\"plainlinks ombox ombox-notice\" role=\"presentation\" style=\"\u0026quot;width:90%; margin:0 auto; border: 1px solid #666; padding:10px 15px; background; background:linear-gradient(to bottom, #f7fbfc 0%,#d9edf2 40%,#EAF6FD 100%); font-size:1.1em;\"\u003E\u003Ctbody\u003E\u003Ctr\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-image\"\u003E\u003Cspan typeof=\"mw:File\"\u003E\u003Ca href=\"/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Wikisource_laurier.svg\" class=\"mw-file-description\"\u003E\u003Cimg src=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikisource_laurier.svg/50px-Wikisource_laurier.svg.png\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"50\" height=\"46\" class=\"mw-file-element\" srcset=\"//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikisource_laurier.svg/75px-Wikisource_laurier.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/Wikisource_laurier.svg/100px-Wikisource_laurier.svg.png 2x\" data-file-width=\"127\" data-file-height=\"116\" /\u003E\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/span\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003Ctd class=\"mbox-text\" style=\"text-align: center;\"\u003Eപള്ളിക്കൂടത്തിലേക്ക് വീണ്ടും \u003Cbr /\u003E പഴയ മലയാളം പാഠപുസ്തകങ്ങൾ ഡിജിറ്റൈസ് ചെയ്യാനുള്ള വിക്കിഗ്രന്ഥശാല പദ്ധതി നടക്കുന്നു. പങ്കെടുക്കുക.\u003Cbr /\u003E\n\u003Cb\u003E\u003Ca rel=\"nofollow\" class=\"external text\" href=\"https://w.wiki/BpRA\"\u003Eകൂടുതൽ വിവരങ്ങൾ\u003C/a\u003E\u003C/b\u003E\u003C/td\u003E\u003C/tr\u003E\u003C/tbody\u003E\u003C/table\u003E\n\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E\u003C/div\u003E";}}());</script></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="സൈറ്റ്"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="ഉള്ളടക്കം" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ഉള്ളടക്കം</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">സൈഡ്‌ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">തുടക്കം</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ശിലായുഗം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ശിലായുഗം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ശിലായുഗം</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ശിലായുഗം-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ശിലായുഗം subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ശിലായുഗം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-മീസോലിത്തിക്_കാലഘട്ടം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#മീസോലിത്തിക്_കാലഘട്ടം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>മീസോലിത്തിക് കാലഘട്ടം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-മീസോലിത്തിക്_കാലഘട്ടം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-നവീനശിലായുഗം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#നവീനശിലായുഗം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>നവീനശിലായുഗം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-നവീനശിലായുഗം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ലോഹയുഗം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ലോഹയുഗം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ലോഹയുഗം</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ലോഹയുഗം-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ലോഹയുഗം subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ലോഹയുഗം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-വെങ്കലയുഗം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#വെങ്കലയുഗം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>വെങ്കലയുഗം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-വെങ്കലയുഗം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-അയോയുഗം" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#അയോയുഗം"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>അയോയുഗം</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-അയോയുഗം-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="ഉള്ളടക്കം" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 161 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-161" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">161 ഭാഷകൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voorgeskiedenis" title="Voorgeskiedenis – ആഫ്രിക്കാൻസ്" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Voorgeskiedenis" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="ആഫ്രിക്കാൻസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urgeschichte" title="Urgeschichte – സ്വിസ് ജർമ്മൻ" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Urgeschichte" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="സ്വിസ് ജർമ്മൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%89%85%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%98-%E1%89%B3%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%AD" title="ቅድመ-ታሪክ – അംഹാരിക്" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ቅድመ-ታሪክ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="അംഹാരിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – അരഗോണീസ്" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="അരഗോണീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%88%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="प्रागैतिहासिक काल – ആൻഗിക" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="प्रागैतिहासिक काल" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="ആൻഗിക" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%D8%B5%D8%B1_%D9%85%D8%A7_%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="عصر ما قبل التاريخ – അറബിക്" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="عصر ما قبل التاريخ" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="അറബിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="قبلتاريخ – Moroccan Arabic" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="قبلتاريخ" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Moroccan Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>الدارجة</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE" title="قبل التاريخ – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قبل التاريخ" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95-%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="প্ৰাক-ইতিহাস – ആസ്സാമീസ്" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="প্ৰাক-ইতিহাস" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="ആസ്സാമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – അസ്ട്ടൂരിയൻ" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="അസ്ട്ടൂരിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-avk mw-list-item"><a href="https://avk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abdiizva" title="Abdiizva – Kotava" lang="avk" hreflang="avk" data-title="Abdiizva" data-language-autonym="Kotava" data-language-local-name="Kotava" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kotava</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0btidai_icma_qurulu%C5%9Fu" title="İbtidai icma quruluşu – അസർബൈജാനി" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İbtidai icma quruluşu" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="അസർബൈജാനി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A8%D8%AA%DB%8C%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%B9%D9%87_%D9%82%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%88" title="ایبتیدائی جامیعه قورولوشو – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایبتیدائی جامیعه قورولوشو" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D3%99%D2%AF%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%88_%D0%B9%D3%99%D0%BC%D2%93%D0%B8%D3%99%D1%82%D0%B5" title="Тәүтормош йәмғиәте – ബഷ്ഖിർ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Тәүтормош йәмғиәте" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ബഷ്ഖിർ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C4%AB%C5%A1istuor%C4%97" title="Prīšistuorė – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Prīšistuorė" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorya" title="Prehistorya – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Prehistorya" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Прагісторыя – ബെലാറുഷ്യൻ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Прагісторыя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ബെലാറുഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%87%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Дагістарычны час – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дагістарычны час" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Праистория – ബൾഗേറിയൻ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Праистория" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ബൾഗേറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%97%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8" title="প্রাগিতিহাস – ബംഗ്ലാ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="প্রাগিতিহাস" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ബംഗ്ലാ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A2%E0%BE%92%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BE%B1%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%BC%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%82%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%91%E0%BD%B4%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%9A%E0%BD%98%E0%BD%A6%E0%BC%8D" title="ལོ་རྒྱུས་བྱུང་གོང་གི་དུས་མཚམས། – ടിബറ്റൻ" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ལོ་རྒྱུས་བྱུང་གོང་གི་དུས་མཚམས།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="ടിബറ്റൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ragistor" title="Ragistor – ബ്രെട്ടൺ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ragistor" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ബ്രെട്ടൺ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prahistorija" title="Prahistorija – ബോസ്നിയൻ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prahistorija" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ബോസ്നിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AD%D1%80%D1%82%D1%8D_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D2%AF%D0%B5" title="Эртэ балар үе – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Эртэ балар үе" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehist%C3%B2ria" title="Prehistòria – കറ്റാലാൻ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Prehistòria" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="കറ്റാലാൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8E%D8%B4_%D9%85%DB%8E%DA%98%D9%88%D9%88" title="پێش مێژوو – സെൻട്രൽ കുർദിഷ്" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="پێش مێژوو" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="സെൻട്രൽ കുർദിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistoria" title="Preistoria – കോർസിക്കൻ" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Preistoria" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="കോർസിക്കൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarihtan_evel_zamanlar%C4%B1" title="Tarihtan evel zamanları – ക്രിമിയൻ ടർക്കിഷ്" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Tarihtan evel zamanları" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="ക്രിമിയൻ ടർക്കിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prav%C4%9Bk" title="Pravěk – ചെക്ക്" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Pravěk" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ചെക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cynhanes" title="Cynhanes – വെൽഷ്" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cynhanes" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="വെൽഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forhistorisk_tid" title="Forhistorisk tid – ഡാനിഷ്" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Forhistorisk tid" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ഡാനിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Urgeschichte" title="Urgeschichte – ജർമ്മൻ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Urgeschichte" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ജർമ്മൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertarix" title="Vertarix – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Vertarix" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CF%81%CE%BF%CF%8A%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Προϊστορία – ഗ്രീക്ക്" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Προϊστορία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ഗ്രീക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory – ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Prehistory" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="ഇംഗ്ലീഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prahistorio" title="Prahistorio – എസ്‌പരാന്റോ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prahistorio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="എസ്‌പരാന്റോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – സ്‌പാനിഷ്" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="സ്‌പാനിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esiaeg" title="Esiaeg – എസ്റ്റോണിയൻ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Esiaeg" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="എസ്റ്റോണിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiaurrea" title="Historiaurrea – ബാസ്‌ക്" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Historiaurrea" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ബാസ്‌ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preestoria" title="Preestoria – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Preestoria" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%DB%8C%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="پیشاتاریخ – പേർഷ്യൻ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پیشاتاریخ" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="പേർഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esihistoria" title="Esihistoria – ഫിന്നിഷ്" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Esihistoria" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ഫിന്നിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muistin%C3%B5_aig" title="Muistinõ aig – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Muistinõ aig" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9histoire" title="Préhistoire – ഫ്രഞ്ച്" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Préhistoire" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ഫ്രഞ്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6%C3%B6rhistoore" title="Föörhistoore – നോർത്തേൻ ഫ്രിഷ്യൻ" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Föörhistoore" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="നോർത്തേൻ ഫ്രിഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistorie" title="Preistorie – ഫ്രിയുലിയാൻ" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Preistorie" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="ഫ്രിയുലിയാൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Furlan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoarje" title="Prehistoarje – പശ്ചിമ ഫ്രിഷിയൻ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Prehistoarje" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="പശ്ചിമ ഫ്രിഷിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%A9amhstair" title="Réamhstair – ഐറിഷ്" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Réamhstair" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="ഐറിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="史前時代 – ഗാൻ ചൈനീസ്" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="史前時代" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="ഗാൻ ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9istw%C3%A8" title="Préistwè – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Préistwè" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – ഗലീഷ്യൻ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ഗലീഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marandeko-mboyve" title="Marandeko-mboyve – ഗ്വരനി" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Marandeko-mboyve" data-language-autonym="Avañe&#039;ẽ" data-language-local-name="ഗ്വരനി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory – ഹൗസ" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Prehistory" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="ഹൗസ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%95%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94" title="פרהיסטוריה – ഹീബ്രു" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פרהיסטוריה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ഹീബ്രു" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="प्रागितिहास – ഹിന്ദി" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="प्रागितिहास" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ഹിന്ദി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Purana_itihaas" title="Purana itihaas – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Purana itihaas" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prapovijest" title="Prapovijest – ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prapovijest" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preyistwa" title="Preyistwa – ഹെയ്‌തിയൻ ക്രിയോൾ" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Preyistwa" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="ഹെയ്‌തിയൻ ക്രിയോൾ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%90skor" title="Őskor – ഹംഗേറിയൻ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Őskor" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ഹംഗേറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Նախնադար – അർമേനിയൻ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Նախնադար" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="അർമേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%86%D5%A1%D5%AD%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A1%D6%80" title="Նախնադար – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Նախնադար" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – ഇന്റർലിംഗ്വ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ഇന്റർലിംഗ്വ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasejarah" title="Prasejarah – ഇന്തോനേഷ്യൻ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Prasejarah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ഇന്തോനേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorie" title="Prehistorie – ഇന്റർലിംഗ്വേ" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Prehistorie" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="ഇന്റർലിംഗ്വേ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sakbay_ti_pakasaritaan" title="Sakbay ti pakasaritaan – ഇലോകോ" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Sakbay ti pakasaritaan" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ഇലോകോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%8C%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%85%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0_%D1%8E%D0%BA%D1%8A%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BB%D0%B5" title="Хьалхара юкъарле – ഇങ്കുഷ്" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Хьалхара юкъарле" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="ഇങ്കുഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorio" title="Prehistorio – ഇഡോ" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Prehistorio" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ഇഡോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fors%C3%B6gulegur_t%C3%ADmi" title="Forsögulegur tími – ഐസ്‌ലാൻഡിക്" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Forsögulegur tími" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="ഐസ്‌ലാൻഡിക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistoria" title="Preistoria – ഇറ്റാലിയൻ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Preistoria" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ഇറ്റാലിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iu mw-list-item"><a href="https://iu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%93%AF%E1%95%97%E1%93%95%E1%90%85%E1%96%85%E1%90%B9_%E1%90%8A%E1%93%AA%E1%93%9A%E1%92%8D%E1%91%8E_%E1%96%83%E1%90%85%E1%94%A8%E1%93%B4%E1%95%90%E1%93%82%E1%96%85_%E1%91%8E%E1%91%8E%E1%96%85%E1%91%B2%E1%91%8E%E1%92%8D%E1%91%A6_%E1%96%83%E1%93%84%E1%90%83%E1%93%95%E1%90%85%E1%96%85%E1%91%95%E1%90%85%E1%96%83%E1%91%A6%E1%91%95%E1%95%90%E1%93%82%E1%91%AF%E1%93%82%E1%92%83/sivuliuqpaa_allaguti_qaujisarniq_titiqqatigut_qanuiliuqtauqattarnikunik" title="ᓯᕗᓕᐅᖅᐹ ᐊᓪᓚᒍᑎ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑎᒍᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᑯᓂᒃ/sivuliuqpaa allaguti qaujisarniq titiqqatigut qanuiliuqtauqattarnikunik – ഇനുക്റ്റിറ്റുട്ട്" lang="iu" hreflang="iu" data-title="ᓯᕗᓕᐅᖅᐹ ᐊᓪᓚᒍᑎ ᖃᐅᔨᓴᕐᓂᖅ ᑎᑎᖅᑲᑎᒍᑦ ᖃᓄᐃᓕᐅᖅᑕᐅᖃᑦᑕᕐᓂᑯᓂᒃ/sivuliuqpaa allaguti qaujisarniq titiqqatigut qanuiliuqtauqattarnikunik" data-language-autonym="ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut" data-language-local-name="ഇനുക്റ്റിറ്റുട്ട്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᐃᓄᒃᑎᑐᑦ / inuktitut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%85%88%E5%8F%B2%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="先史時代 – ജാപ്പനീസ്" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="先史時代" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ജാപ്പനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bifuo-Ischri" title="Bifuo-Ischri – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Bifuo-Ischri" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/prucitri" title="prucitri – ലോജ്ബാൻ" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="prucitri" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ലോജ്ബാൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasejarah" title="Prasejarah – ജാവനീസ്" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Prasejarah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ജാവനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%94%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%A2%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="პრეისტორია – ജോർജിയൻ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="პრეისტორია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ജോർജിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azarmezruy" title="Azarmezruy – കബൈൽ" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Azarmezruy" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="കബൈൽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D2%93%D0%B0%D1%88%D2%9B%D1%8B_%D2%9B%D0%B0%D1%83%D1%8B%D0%BC" title="Алғашқы қауым – കസാഖ്" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Алғашқы қауым" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="കസാഖ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%94%E1%9E%BB%E1%9E%96%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%94%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%8F%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%9A%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%B7" title="បុព្វប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រតិ – ഖമെർ" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="បុព្វប្រវត្តិសាស្ត្រតិ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ഖമെർ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%84%A0%EC%82%AC_%EC%8B%9C%EB%8C%80" title="선사 시대 – കൊറിയൻ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="선사 시대" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="കൊറിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%AA%C5%9Fd%C3%AErok" title="Pêşdîrok – കുർദ്ദിഷ്" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Pêşdîrok" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="കുർദ്ദിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kynsistori" title="Kynsistori – കോർണിഷ്" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Kynsistori" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="കോർണിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BB%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%87%D0%BA%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BE%D0%BC" title="Алгачкы коом – കിർഗിസ്" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Алгачкы коом" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="കിർഗിസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aevum_praehistoricum" title="Aevum praehistoricum – ലാറ്റിൻ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Aevum praehistoricum" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ലാറ്റിൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virgeschicht" title="Virgeschicht – ലക്‌സംബർഗിഷ്" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Virgeschicht" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ലക്‌സംബർഗിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistoria" title="Preistoria – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Preistoria" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorie" title="Prehistorie – ലിംബർഗിഷ്" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Prehistorie" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="ലിംബർഗിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistoria" title="Preistoria – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Preistoria" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preist%C3%B2ria" title="Preistòria – ലൊംബാർഡ്" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Preistòria" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="ലൊംബാർഡ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prie%C5%A1istor%C4%97" title="Priešistorė – ലിത്വാനിയൻ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Priešistorė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ലിത്വാനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ltg mw-list-item"><a href="https://ltg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pyrmaviesture" title="Pyrmaviesture – Latgalian" lang="ltg" hreflang="ltg" data-title="Pyrmaviesture" data-language-autonym="Latgaļu" data-language-local-name="Latgalian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latgaļu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aizv%C4%93sture" title="Aizvēsture – ലാറ്റ്വിയൻ" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aizvēsture" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ലാറ്റ്വിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-map-bms mw-list-item"><a href="https://map-bms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasejarah" title="Prasejarah – Banyumasan" lang="jv-x-bms" hreflang="jv-x-bms" data-title="Prasejarah" data-language-autonym="Basa Banyumasan" data-language-local-name="Banyumasan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Banyumasan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Talohan%27ny_tantara" title="Talohan&#039;ny tantara – മലഗാസി" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Talohan&#039;ny tantara" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="മലഗാസി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Праисторија – മാസിഡോണിയൻ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Праисторија" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="മാസിഡോണിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D2%AF%D0%B5" title="Балар эртний үе – മംഗോളിയൻ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Балар эртний үе" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="മംഗോളിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zaman_prasejarah" title="Zaman prasejarah – മലെയ്" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Zaman prasejarah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="മലെയ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistorja" title="Preistorja – മാൾട്ടീസ്" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Preistorja" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="മാൾട്ടീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9-st%C3%B3ria" title="Pré-stória – മിരാൻറസേ" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Pré-stória" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="മിരാൻറസേ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9E%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%99%E1%80%90%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%AE%E1%80%81%E1%80%B1%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA" title="သမိုင်းမတင်မီခေတ် – ബർമീസ്" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="သမိုင်းမတင်မီခေတ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ബർമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%92%D0%B0%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B5_%D1%88%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%BD%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8C_%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8F%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82" title="Васенце шкань ломантнень эрямост – ഏഴ്സ്യ" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Васенце шкань ломантнень эрямост" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="ഏഴ്സ്യ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4historie" title="Prähistorie – ലോ ജർമൻ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Prähistorie" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="ലോ ജർമൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorie" title="Prehistorie – ലോ സാക്സൺ" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Prehistorie" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="ലോ സാക്സൺ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8" title="प्रागितिहास – നേവാരി" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="प्रागितिहास" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="നേവാരി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorie" title="Prehistorie – ഡച്ച്" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Prehistorie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ഡച്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B8rhistorisk_tid" title="Førhistorisk tid – നോർവീജിയൻ നൈനോർക്‌സ്" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Førhistorisk tid" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="നോർവീജിയൻ നൈനോർക്‌സ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forhistorisk_tid" title="Forhistorisk tid – നോർവീജിയൻ ബുക്‌മൽ" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Forhistorisk tid" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="നോർവീജിയൻ ബുക്‌മൽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9histouaithe" title="Préhistouaithe – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Préhistouaithe" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pre%C3%AFst%C3%B2ria" title="Preïstòria – ഓക്‌സിറ്റൻ" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Preïstòria" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ഓക്‌സിറ്റൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%82%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%B5_%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%BF%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8" title="ਪੂਰਵ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ – പഞ്ചാബി" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਪੂਰਵ ਇਤਿਹਾਸ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="പഞ്ചാബി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – പാപിയാമെന്റൊ" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="പാപിയാമെന്റൊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pcd mw-list-item"><a href="https://pcd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9histo%C3%A8re" title="Préhistoère – Picard" lang="pcd" hreflang="pcd" data-title="Préhistoère" data-language-autonym="Picard" data-language-local-name="Picard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Picard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pfl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pfl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vorgeschichte" title="Vorgeschichte – Palatine German" lang="pfl" hreflang="pfl" data-title="Vorgeschichte" data-language-autonym="Pälzisch" data-language-local-name="Palatine German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Pälzisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistoria" title="Prehistoria – പോളിഷ്" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Prehistoria" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="പോളിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preist%C3%B2ria" title="Preistòria – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Preistòria" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%D8%AA%D9%88%DA%BA_%D9%BE%DB%81%D9%84%DB%92" title="تریخ توں پہلے – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تریخ توں پہلے" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE_%DA%85%D8%AE%D9%87_%D9%BE%D8%AE%D9%88%D8%A7_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86" title="د تاریخ څخه پخوا دوران – പഷ്‌തോ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="د تاریخ څخه پخوا دوران" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="പഷ്‌തോ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9-hist%C3%B3ria" title="Pré-história – പോർച്ചുഗീസ്" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Pré-história" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="പോർച്ചുഗീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistorgia" title="Preistorgia – റൊമാഞ്ച്" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Preistorgia" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="റൊമാഞ്ച്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistorie" title="Preistorie – റൊമാനിയൻ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Preistorie" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="റൊമാനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Доисторический период – റഷ്യൻ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Доисторический период" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="റഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B2%D1%96%D0%BA" title="Правік – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Правік" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Преистория – സാഖ" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Преистория" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="സാഖ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preist%C3%B2ria" title="Preistòria – സർഡിനിയാൻ" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Preistòria" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="സർഡിനിയാൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistoria" title="Preistoria – സിസിലിയൻ" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Preistoria" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="സിസിലിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE_%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%A7%DA%B3_%D8%AC%D9%88_%D8%AF%D9%88%D8%B1" title="تاريخ کان اڳ جو دور – സിന്ധി" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="تاريخ کان اڳ جو دور" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="സിന്ധി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prahistorija" title="Prahistorija – സെർബോ-ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prahistorija" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="സെർബോ-ക്രൊയേഷ്യൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Azermezruy" title="Azermezruy – താച്ചലിറ്റ്" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Azermezruy" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="താച്ചലിറ്റ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%B4%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%8A_%E0%B6%93%E0%B6%AD%E0%B7%92%E0%B7%84%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%94%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%BA" title="ප්‍රාග් ඓතිහාසික යුගය – സിംഹള" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ප්‍රාග් ඓතිහාසික යුගය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="സിംഹള" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory" title="Prehistory – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Prehistory" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pravek" title="Pravek – സ്ലോവാക്" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Pravek" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="സ്ലോവാക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prazgodovina" title="Prazgodovina – സ്ലോവേനിയൻ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Prazgodovina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="സ്ലോവേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Parahistoria" title="Parahistoria – അൽബേനിയൻ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Parahistoria" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="അൽബേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Праисторија – സെർബിയൻ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Праисторија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="സെർബിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prasajarah" title="Prasajarah – സുണ്ടാനീസ്" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Prasajarah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="സുണ്ടാനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%B6rhistorisk_tid" title="Förhistorisk tid – സ്വീഡിഷ്" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Förhistorisk tid" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="സ്വീഡിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historia_ya_awali" title="Historia ya awali – സ്വാഹിലി" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Historia ya awali" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="സ്വാഹിലി" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%B4%E0%AE%99%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="தொல்பழங்காலம் – തമിഴ്" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="தொல்பழங்காலம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="തമിഴ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%82%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B5%E0%B0%9A%E0%B0%B0%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%A4%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B0" title="పూర్వచరిత్ర – തെലുങ്ക്" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="పూర్వచరిత్ర" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="തെലുങ്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%81%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%9B%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ยุคก่อนประวัติศาสตร์ – തായ്" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ยุคก่อนประวัติศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="തായ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilkidurmu%C5%9F_jemgy%C3%BDeti" title="Ilkidurmuş jemgyýeti – തുർക്‌മെൻ" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Ilkidurmuş jemgyýeti" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="തുർക്‌മെൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorya" title="Prehistorya – തഗാലോഗ്" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Prehistorya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="തഗാലോഗ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tarih_%C3%B6ncesi" title="Tarih öncesi – ടർക്കിഷ്" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Tarih öncesi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ടർക്കിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ts mw-list-item"><a href="https://ts.wikipedia.org/wiki/Matimu_yo_sungula" title="Matimu yo sungula – സോംഗ" lang="ts" hreflang="ts" data-title="Matimu yo sungula" data-language-autonym="Xitsonga" data-language-local-name="സോംഗ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Xitsonga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D1%96%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Преісторія – ഉക്രേനിയൻ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Преісторія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ഉക്രേനിയൻ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%82%D8%A8%D9%84_%D8%A7%D8%B2_%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%AE" title="زمانہ قبل از تاریخ – ഉറുദു" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="زمانہ قبل از تاریخ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ഉറുദു" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ibtidoiy_jamiyat" title="Ibtidoiy jamiyat – ഉസ്‌ബെക്ക്" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Ibtidoiy jamiyat" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ഉസ്‌ബെക്ക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vec mw-list-item"><a href="https://vec.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preistoria" title="Preistoria – Venetian" lang="vec" hreflang="vec" data-title="Preistoria" data-language-autonym="Vèneto" data-language-local-name="Venetian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vèneto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Istorijanedeline_kund" title="Istorijanedeline kund – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Istorijanedeline kund" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%9Di_ti%E1%BB%81n_s%E1%BB%AD" title="Thời tiền sử – വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ്" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thời tiền sử" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="വിയറ്റ്നാമീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorie" title="Prehistorie – West Flemish" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Prehistorie" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="West Flemish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rujenav" title="Rujenav – വോളാപുക്" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Rujenav" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="വോളാപുക്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preyistwere" title="Preyistwere – വല്ലൂൺ" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Preyistwere" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="വല്ലൂൺ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistorya" title="Prehistorya – വാരേയ്" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Prehistorya" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="വാരേയ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nj%C3%ABkk-taariix" title="Njëkk-taariix – വൊളോഫ്" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Njëkk-taariix" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="വൊളോഫ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="史前时代 – വു ചൈനീസ്" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="史前时代" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="വു ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%97%E1%83%90%E1%83%B8%E1%83%9D%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AF%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%90" title="მაართაჸოფილი ჯარალუა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მაართაჸოფილი ჯარალუა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%A2%D7%94%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%98%D7%90%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%A2" title="פרעהיסטאריע – യിദ്ദിഷ്" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="פרעהיסטאריע" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="യിദ്ദിഷ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" title="史前時代 – ചൈനീസ്" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="史前時代" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D" title="史前 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="史前" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C3%BA-ch%C3%AAng" title="Sú-chêng – മിൻ നാൻ ചൈനീസ്" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Sú-chêng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="മിൻ നാൻ ചൈനീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E5%8F%B2" title="史前史 – കാന്റണീസ്" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="史前史" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="കാന്റണീസ്" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11756#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="അന്തർഭാഷാ കണ്ണികൾ തിരുത്തുക" class="wbc-editpage">കണ്ണികൾ തിരുത്തുക</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="നാമമേഖലകൾ"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="വിവരദായക താൾ കാണുക [c]" accesskey="c"><span>ലേഖനം</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" rel="discussion" title="വിവരദായക താളിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള ചർച്ച [t]" accesskey="t"><span>സംവാദം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ഭാഷയുടെ ചരം മാറ്റുക" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">മലയാളം</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="ദർശനീയത"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82"><span>വായിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ മൂലരൂപം തിരുത്തുക [e]" accesskey="e"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=history" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ പഴയ പതിപ്പുകൾ [h]" accesskey="h"><span>നാൾവഴി കാണുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">സൈഡ്‌ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="More options" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Actions </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82"><span>വായിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ മൂലരൂപം തിരുത്തുക [e]" accesskey="e"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=history"><span>നാൾവഴി കാണുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> സാർവത്രികം </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%82/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" title="ഈ താളിലേക്കു കണ്ണിയാൽ ബന്ധിപ്പിക്കപ്പെട്ടിരിക്കുന്ന എല്ലാ വിക്കി താളുകളുടേയും പട്ടിക. [j]" accesskey="j"><span>ഈ താളിലേക്കുള്ള കണ്ണികൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%A8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A7%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F_%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82" rel="nofollow" title="താളുകളിലെ പുതിയ മാറ്റങ്ങൾ [k]" accesskey="k"><span>അനുബന്ധ മാറ്റങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/വിക്കിപീഡിയ:അപ്‌ലോഡ്" title="പ്രമാണങ്ങൾ അപ്‌ലോഡ് ചെയ്യുവാൻ [u]" accesskey="u"><span>അപ്‌ലോഡ്‌</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B3%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%BE" title="പ്രത്യേകതാളുകളുടെ പട്ടിക [q]" accesskey="q"><span>പ്രത്യേക താളുകൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;oldid=3677092" title="താളിന്റെ ഈ പതിപ്പിന്റെ സ്ഥിരം കണ്ണി"><span>സ്ഥിരംകണ്ണി</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=info" title="ഈ താളിനെക്കുറിച്ചുള്ള കൂടുതൽ വിവരങ്ങൾ"><span>താളിന്റെ വിവരങ്ങൾ</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%82&amp;page=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;id=3677092&amp;wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="ഈ താളിനെ എങ്ങനെ അവലംബിതമാക്കാം എന്ന വിവരങ്ങൾ"><span>ഈ താൾ ഉദ്ധരിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:UrlShortener&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fml.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B4%259A%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%2580%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%2582"><span>ചെറുതാക്കിയ യൂ.ആർ.എൽ. ലഭ്യമാക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:QrCode&amp;url=https%3A%2F%2Fml.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E0%25B4%259A%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%25BF%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%258D%25E0%25B4%25B0%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B5%2580%25E0%25B4%25A4%25E0%25B4%2595%25E0%25B4%25BE%25E0%25B4%25B2%25E0%25B4%2582"><span>ക്യൂആർ കോഡ് ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> അച്ചടിയ്ക്കുക/കയറ്റുമതി ചെയ്യുക </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82&amp;bookcmd=book_creator&amp;referer=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82"><span>പുസ്തകം സൃഷ്ടിക്കുക</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:DownloadAsPdf&amp;page=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=show-download-screen"><span>PDF ആയി ഡൗൺലോഡ് ചെയ്യുക</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;printable=yes" title="ഈ താളിന്റെ അച്ചടി രൂപം [p]" accesskey="p"><span>അച്ചടിരൂപം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> ഇതരപദ്ധതികളിൽ </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Prehistory" hreflang="en"><span>വിക്കിമീഡിയ കോമൺസ്</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q11756" title="ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ഡേറ്റാ ശേഖര ഇനത്തിലേയ്ക്കുള്ള കണ്ണി [g]" accesskey="g"><span>വിക്കിഡേറ്റ ഇനം</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Page tools"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="ദൃശ്യരൂപം"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">ദൃശ്യരൂപം</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">സൈഡ്‌ബാറിലേക്ക് മാറ്റുക</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">മറയ്ക്കുക</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">വിക്കിപീഡിയ, ഒരു സ്വതന്ത്ര വിജ്ഞാനകോശം.</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ml" dir="ltr"><div class="nomobile"> <div id="purl" class="NavFrame collapsed" style="float: right; font-size: 85%; position: absolute; top: -4em; right: 0; width: auto; background: #eae9e9;"> <div class="NavHead" style="padding: 1px 8px;"><b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory">ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് വിലാസം</a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AB%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:Prettyurl#ഉപയോഗക്രമം" title="സഹായം"><img alt="സഹായം" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-dialog-question.svg/12px-Gtk-dialog-question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-dialog-question.svg/18px-Gtk-dialog-question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Gtk-dialog-question.svg/24px-Gtk-dialog-question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="60" data-file-height="60" /></a></span></b> </div> <div class="NavContent" style="background:#eae9e9; width:auto"><span class="plainlinks" style="white-space:nowrap; overflow: hidden"><a class="external free" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory">https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory</a></span> </div> </div> </div> <p>വേണ്ടത്ര വ്യക്തമായ രേഖകളില്ലാത്ത കാലമാണ്‌ <b>ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം</b>. എഴുതപ്പെട്ട ചരിത്രമില്ലാത്ത വിദൂരഭൂതകാലമാണിത്. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="ശിലായുഗം">ശിലായുഗം</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B9%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="ലോഹയുഗം (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">ലോഹയുഗം</a> (<a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="അയോയുഗം">അയോയുഗം</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="വെങ്കലയുഗം">വെങ്കലയുഗം</a> എന്നിവ ചേർന്നത്) എന്നിങ്ങനെ ചരിത്രാതീതകാലത്തെ രണ്ടായി തിരിക്കാം. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ശിലായുഗം"><span id=".E0.B4.B6.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.BE.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.97.E0.B4.82"></span>ശിലായുഗം</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: ശിലായുഗം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r4123599">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">പ്രധാന ലേഖനം: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="ശിലായുഗം">ശിലായുഗം</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം"><span id=".E0.B4.AA.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.B0.E0.B4.BE.E0.B4.9A.E0.B5.80.E0.B4.A8.E0.B4.B6.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.BE.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.97.E0.B4.82"></span>പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123599"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">പ്രധാന ലേഖനം: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9A%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8_%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="പ്രാചീന ശിലായുഗം">പ്രാചീന ശിലായുഗം</a></div> <p>മനുഷ്യജീവിതം ആരംഭിച്ചത് പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗത്തിലാണെന്ന് കണക്കാക്കുന്നു. ശിലകൊണ്ടുള്ള ആയുധങ്ങൾ നിർമ്മിക്കപ്പെട്ടത് ഇക്കാലത്താണ്‌. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="മീസോലിത്തിക്_കാലഘട്ടം"><span id=".E0.B4.AE.E0.B5.80.E0.B4.B8.E0.B5.8B.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.A4.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.A4.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.95.E0.B5.8D_.E0.B4.95.E0.B4.BE.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.98.E0.B4.9F.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.9F.E0.B4.82"></span>മീസോലിത്തിക് കാലഘട്ടം</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: മീസോലിത്തിക് കാലഘട്ടം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123599"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">പ്രധാന ലേഖനം: <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="മീസോലിത്തിക് കാലഘട്ടം (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">മീസോലിത്തിക് കാലഘട്ടം</a></div> <p>പ്രാചീനശിലായുഗത്തിനും നവീനശിലായുഗത്തിനും ഇടയിലുള്ള കാലഘട്ടമാണിത്. കാർഷികരംഗത്തെ പുരോഗതിയാണ്‌ ഇക്കാലത്തെ പ്രധാനനേട്ടം. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="നവീനശിലായുഗം"><span id=".E0.B4.A8.E0.B4.B5.E0.B5.80.E0.B4.A8.E0.B4.B6.E0.B4.BF.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.BE.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.97.E0.B4.82"></span>നവീനശിലായുഗം</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: നവീനശിലായുഗം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123599"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">പ്രധാന ലേഖനം: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="നവീനശിലായുഗം">നവീനശിലായുഗം</a></div> <p>ചെത്തിമിനുക്കിയ ആയുധങ്ങൾ ഉപയോഗിച്ചു തുടങ്ങിയത് ഇക്കാലത്താണ്‌. മൃഗങ്ങളെ ഇണക്കിവളർത്തി, മൺപാത്രങ്ങളും വസ്ത്രങ്ങളും നിർമ്മിച്ചു എന്നിവ ഈ യുഗത്തിന്റെ നേട്ടങ്ങളാണ്‌. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ലോഹയുഗം"><span id=".E0.B4.B2.E0.B5.8B.E0.B4.B9.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.97.E0.B4.82"></span>ലോഹയുഗം</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: ലോഹയുഗം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>നവീനശിലായുഗത്തിന്റെ തുടർച്ചയായിരുന്നു ലോഹയുഗം. ഇരുമ്പിന്റെയും ഓടിന്റെയും കണ്ടുപിടിത്തവും ഉപയോഗവുമാണ്‌ ഇക്കാലത്തെ പ്രത്യേകതകൾ. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="വെങ്കലയുഗം"><span id=".E0.B4.B5.E0.B5.86.E0.B4.99.E0.B5.8D.E0.B4.95.E0.B4.B2.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.97.E0.B4.82"></span>വെങ്കലയുഗം</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: വെങ്കലയുഗം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123599"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">പ്രധാന ലേഖനം: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%86%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="വെങ്കലയുഗം">വെങ്കലയുഗം</a></div> <p>ചെമ്പാണ്‌ മനുഷ്യൻ ആദ്യം കണ്ടെത്തിയ ലോഹം. <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%88%E0%B4%9C%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D" title="ഈജിപ്റ്റ്">ഈജിപ്റ്റിലും</a> പശ്ചിമേഷ്യയിലുമാണ്‌ ചെമ്പ് ഉപയോഗിക്കാൻ തുടങ്ങിയത്. മാർദ്ദവമുള്ളതുകൊണ്ട് കടുപ്പമുള്ള ഉപകരണങ്ങൾ നിർമ്മിക്കാൻ കഴിഞ്ഞിരുന്നില്ല. ഓടിന്റെ കണ്ടുപിടിത്തത്തോടെ ആ കുറവ് പരിഹരിക്കപ്പെട്ടു. വിവിധ തരം ആയുധങ്ങളും പാത്രങ്ങളും നിർമ്മിക്കപ്പെട്ടത് ഇക്കാലത്താണ്‌. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="അയോയുഗം"><span id=".E0.B4.85.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.8B.E0.B4.AF.E0.B5.81.E0.B4.97.E0.B4.82"></span>അയോയുഗം</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="ഉപവിഭാഗം തിരുത്തുക: അയോയുഗം"><span>തിരുത്തുക</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r4123599"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">പ്രധാന ലേഖനം: <a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%8B%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82" title="അയോയുഗം">അയോയുഗം</a></div> <p>ഇരുമ്പിന്റെ ഉപയോഗം വ്യാപകമായത് ഇക്കാലത്താണ്‌. വാണിജ്യപുരോഗതിയും ഈ യുഗത്തിന്റെ പ്രത്യേകതകളിലൊന്നാണ്‌. </p> <div class="boilerplate metadata" style="margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px;" id="stub"> <table cellspacing="2" cellpadding="3" style="width:80%;border:solid #999 1px;background:#F8F8F8;margin:1px auto;clear:both"> <tbody><tr> <td style="width:10%;text-align:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82:Hourglass.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/30px-Hourglass.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/45px-Hourglass.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Hourglass.svg/60px-Hourglass.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="189" data-file-height="315" /></a></span> </td> <td style="color:black"> <p><i><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="ചരിത്രം">ചരിത്രവുമായി</a> ബന്ധപ്പെട്ട ഈ ലേഖനം അപൂർണ്ണമാണ്‌. ഇതു വികസിപ്പിക്കുവാൻ <a class="external text" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;action=edit">സഹായിക്കുക</a>.</i> സഹായത്തിനു ഈ ലേഖനത്തിന്റെ <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prehistory" class="extiw" title="w:Prehistory">ഇംഗ്ലീഷ് പതിപ്പും</a> കാണുക.<i></i> </p> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐6cf4cf84bf‐wwjxp Cached time: 20241101130802 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.056 seconds Real time usage: 0.083 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 190/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 6051/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 297/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 7/100 Expensive parser function count: 7/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 2382/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.022/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 929208/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 63.706 1 -total 79.46% 50.621 6 ഫലകം:Main 10.52% 6.705 1 ഫലകം:Prettyurl 9.00% 5.735 1 ഫലകം:Hist-stub 3.96% 2.521 1 ഫലകം:അപൂർണ്ണപ്പെട്ടി 3.58% 2.282 1 ഫലകം:Click --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key mlwiki:pcache:idhash:47320-0!canonical and timestamp 20241101130802 and revision id 3677092. Rendering was triggered because: page-view --> </div><!--esi <esi:include src="/esitest-fa8a495983347898/content" /> --><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">"<a dir="ltr" href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം&amp;oldid=3677092">https://ml.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ചരിത്രാതീതകാലം&amp;oldid=3677092</a>" എന്ന താളിൽനിന്ന് ശേഖരിച്ചത്</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="പ്രത്യേകം:വർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ">വർഗ്ഗങ്ങൾ</a>: <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:Articles_with_hatnote_templates_targeting_a_nonexistent_page&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="വർഗ്ഗം:Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page (ഇതുവരെ എഴുതപ്പെട്ടിട്ടില്ല)">Articles with hatnote templates targeting a nonexistent page</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82_-_%E0%B4%85%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%82%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%A3%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%87%E0%B4%96%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%BE" title="വർഗ്ഗം:ചരിത്രം - അപൂർണ്ണലേഖനങ്ങൾ">ചരിത്രം - അപൂർണ്ണലേഖനങ്ങൾ</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%97%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%97%E0%B4%82:%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A7_%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%98%E0%B4%9F%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%9F%E0%B4%99%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%99%E0%B4%B3%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B2%E0%B5%86_%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="വർഗ്ഗം:വിവിധ കാലഘട്ടങ്ങളിലെ ചരിത്രം">വിവിധ കാലഘട്ടങ്ങളിലെ ചരിത്രം</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> ഈ താൾ അവസാനം തിരുത്തപ്പെട്ടത്: 18:29, 10 ഒക്ടോബർ 2021.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">വിവരങ്ങൾ <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/">ക്രിയേറ്റീവ് കോമൺസ് ആട്രിബ്യൂഷൻ-ഷെയർഎലൈക്ക് അനുമതിപത്ര</a> പ്രകാരം ലഭ്യമാണ്; മേൽ നിബന്ധനകൾ ഉണ്ടായേക്കാം. കൂടുതൽ വിവരങ്ങൾക്ക് <a class="external text" href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Terms_of_Use/ml">ഉപയോഗനിബന്ധനകൾ</a> കാണുക.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">സ്വകാര്യതാനയം</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82">വിക്കിപീഡിയ സം‌രംഭത്തെക്കുറിച്ച്</a></li> <li id="footer-places-disclaimers"><a href="/wiki/%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF:%E0%B4%AA%E0%B5%8A%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%81%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%A3%E0%B4%82">നിരാകരണങ്ങൾ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-wm-codeofconduct"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct">പെരുമാറ്റച്ചട്ടം</a></li> <li id="footer-places-developers"><a href="https://developer.wikimedia.org">ഡെവലപ്പർമാർ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-statslink"><a href="https://stats.wikimedia.org/#/ml.wikipedia.org">സ്ഥിതിവിവരക്കണക്കുകൾ</a></li> <li id="footer-places-cookiestatement"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Cookie_statement">കുക്കി പ്രസ്താവന</a></li> <li id="footer-places-mobileview"><a href="//ml.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82&amp;mobileaction=toggle_view_mobile" class="noprint stopMobileRedirectToggle">മൊബൈൽ ദൃശ്യരൂപം</a></li> </ul> <ul id="footer-icons" class="noprint"> <li id="footer-copyrightico"><a href="https://wikimediafoundation.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/static/images/footer/wikimedia-button.svg" width="84" height="29" alt="Wikimedia Foundation" loading="lazy"></a></li> <li id="footer-poweredbyico"><a href="https://www.mediawiki.org/" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button--enabled"><img src="/w/resources/assets/poweredby_mediawiki.svg" alt="Powered by MediaWiki" width="88" height="31" loading="lazy"></a></li> </ul> </footer> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> </div><script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.config.set({"wgHostname":"mw-web.codfw.main-6b7f745dd4-96w8t","wgBackendResponseTime":133,"wgPageParseReport":{"limitreport":{"cputime":"0.056","walltime":"0.083","ppvisitednodes":{"value":190,"limit":1000000},"postexpandincludesize":{"value":6051,"limit":2097152},"templateargumentsize":{"value":297,"limit":2097152},"expansiondepth":{"value":7,"limit":100},"expensivefunctioncount":{"value":7,"limit":500},"unstrip-depth":{"value":0,"limit":20},"unstrip-size":{"value":2382,"limit":5000000},"entityaccesscount":{"value":0,"limit":400},"timingprofile":["100.00% 63.706 1 -total"," 79.46% 50.621 6 ഫലകം:Main"," 10.52% 6.705 1 ഫലകം:Prettyurl"," 9.00% 5.735 1 ഫലകം:Hist-stub"," 3.96% 2.521 1 ഫലകം:അപൂർണ്ണപ്പെട്ടി"," 3.58% 2.282 1 ഫലകം:Click"]},"scribunto":{"limitreport-timeusage":{"value":"0.022","limit":"10.000"},"limitreport-memusage":{"value":929208,"limit":52428800}},"cachereport":{"origin":"mw-web.eqiad.main-6cf4cf84bf-wwjxp","timestamp":"20241101130802","ttl":2592000,"transientcontent":false}}});});</script> <script type="application/ld+json">{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@type":"Article","name":"\u0d1a\u0d30\u0d3f\u0d24\u0d4d\u0d30\u0d3e\u0d24\u0d40\u0d24\u0d15\u0d3e\u0d32\u0d02","url":"https:\/\/ml.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%E0%B4%9A%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A4%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%82","sameAs":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11756","mainEntity":"http:\/\/www.wikidata.org\/entity\/Q11756","author":{"@type":"Organization","name":"\u0d35\u0d3f\u0d15\u0d4d\u0d15\u0d3f\u0d2e\u0d40\u0d21\u0d3f\u0d2f \u0d2a\u0d26\u0d4d\u0d27\u0d24\u0d3f\u0d15\u0d33\u0d3f\u0d7d \u0d38\u0d02\u0d2d\u0d3e\u0d35\u0d28 \u0d1a\u0d46\u0d2f\u0d4d\u0d2f\u0d41\u0d28\u0d4d\u0d28\u0d35\u0d7c"},"publisher":{"@type":"Organization","name":"Wikimedia Foundation, Inc.","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","url":"https:\/\/www.wikimedia.org\/static\/images\/wmf-hor-googpub.png"}},"datePublished":"2008-08-15T13:45:37Z","dateModified":"2021-10-10T18:29:07Z"}</script> </body> </html>

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10