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screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1246091330"> <p><b>Environmental studies</b> (<b>EVS</b> or <b>EVST</b>) is a multidisciplinary academic field which systematically studies <a href="/wiki/Human_behavior" title="Human behavior">human interaction</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">environment</a>. Environmental studies connects principles from the physical sciences, commerce/economics, the humanities,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and social sciences<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to address complex contemporary environmental issues. It is a broad field of study that includes the <a href="/wiki/Natural_environment" title="Natural environment">natural environment</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Built_environment" title="Built environment">built environment</a>, and the relationship between them. The field encompasses study in basic principles of <a href="/wiki/Ecology" title="Ecology">ecology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_science" title="Environmental science">environmental science</a>, as well as associated subjects such as <a href="/wiki/Environmental_ethics" title="Environmental ethics">ethics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_geography" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental geography">geography</a>, <a href="/wiki/Anthropology" title="Anthropology">anthropology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Public_policy" title="Public policy">public policy</a> (<a href="/wiki/Environmental_policy" title="Environmental policy">environmental policy</a>), <a href="/wiki/Education" title="Education">education</a>, <a href="/wiki/Political_science" title="Political science">political science</a> (<a href="/wiki/Environmental_politics" title="Environmental politics">environmental politics</a>), <a href="/wiki/Urban_planning" title="Urban planning">urban planning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_law" title="Environmental law">law</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_economics" title="Environmental economics">economics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_philosophy" title="Environmental philosophy">philosophy</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_sociology" title="Environmental sociology">sociology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Environmental_justice" title="Environmental justice">social justice</a>, <a href="/wiki/Environmental_planning" title="Environmental planning">planning</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pollution_control" class="mw-redirect" title="Pollution control">pollution control</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Natural_resource_management" title="Natural resource management">natural resource management</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many Environmental Studies degree programs, including a <a href="/wiki/Master%27s_degree" title="Master's degree">Master's degree</a> and a <a href="/wiki/Bachelor%27s_degree" title="Bachelor's degree">Bachelor's degree</a>. Environmental Studies degree programs provide a wide range of skills and analytical tools needed to face the environmental issues of our world head on. Students in Environmental Studies gain the intellectual and methodological tools to understand and address the crucial environmental issues of our time and the impact of individuals, society, and the planet. Environmental education's main goal is to instill in all members of society a pro-environmental thinking and attitude. This will help to create environmental ethics and raise people's awareness of the importance of environmental protection and biodiversity.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Education"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Education</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-4"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-5"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-6"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_studies&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>The <a href="/wiki/State_University_of_New_York_College_of_Environmental_Science_and_Forestry" title="State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry">New York State College of Forestry at Syracuse University</a> established a BS in environmental studies degree in the 1950s, awarding its first degree in 1956.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Middlebury_College" title="Middlebury College">Middlebury College</a> established the major there in 1965.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_Studies_Association_of_Canada&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Environmental Studies Association of Canada (page does not exist)">Environmental Studies Association of Canada</a> (ESAC) was established in 1993 "to further research and teaching activities in areas related to environmental studies in Canada".<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ESAC was officially integrated in 1994, and the first convention for ESAC was held at the Learned Societies Conference in Calgary the same year.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ESAC's magazine, <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=A/J:_Alternatives_Journal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A/J: Alternatives Journal (page does not exist)">A\J: Alternatives Journal</a></i> was first published by <a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_A._Paehlke&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert A. Paehlke (page does not exist)">Robert A. Paehlke</a> on 4 July 1971.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2008, <a href="/wiki/The_Association_for_Environmental_Studies_and_Sciences" title="The Association for Environmental Studies and Sciences">The Association for Environmental Studies and Sciences</a> (AESS) was founded as the first professional association in the interdisciplinary field of environmental studies in the United States. The AESS is also the publisher for the <i>Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences</i> (JESS), which aims to allow researchers in various disciplinarians related to environmental sciences to have base for researchers to use and publish new information related to environmental studies.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, the National Council for Science and the Environment (NCSE) agreed to advise and support the association. In March 2011, The association's scholarly journal, the <i>Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences</i> (JESS), commenced publication.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><b>Environmental Studies in U.S. Universities</b> </p><p>In the United States, many high school students are able to take environmental science as a college-level course.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Over 500 colleges and universities in the United States offer environmental studies as a degree.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/University_of_California,_Berkeley" title="University of California, Berkeley">University of California, Berkeley</a> has awarded the most degrees in environmental studies for U.S. universities, with 409 degrees awarded in 2019. The universities in the United States that have the highest percentage of degrees awarded is <a href="/wiki/Antioch_University_New_England" title="Antioch University New England">Antioch University-New England</a>, where nearly 35% of degrees awarded in 2019 were in environmental studies. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Education">Education</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_studies&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Education" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG/220px-The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2048"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 220px;height: 124px;" data-mw-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG/220px-The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG" data-width="220" data-height="124" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG/330px-The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fe/The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG/440px-The_Porter_School_of_Environmental_Studies_Building.JPG 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>The Porter School of Environmental Studies Building – Tel Aviv University</figcaption></figure> <p>Worldwide, programs in environmental studies may be offered through colleges of liberal arts, life science, social science, or agriculture. Students of environmental studies use what they learn from the sciences, social sciences, and humanities to better understand environmental problems and potentially offer solutions to them. Students look at how we interact with the natural world and come up with ideas to prevent its destruction.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the 1960s, the word "environment" became one of the most commonly used in educational discourse in the United Kingdom. Educationists were becoming increasingly worried about the influence of the environment on children as well as the school's usage of the environment. The attempt to define the field of environmental studies has resulted in a discussion over its role in the curriculum. The use of the environment is one of the teaching approaches used in today's schools to carry on the legacy of educational philosophy known as 'Progressive education' or 'New education' in the first part of the twentieth century. The primary goal of environmental studies is to assist children in understanding the processes that influence their surroundings so that they do not stay a passive, and often befuddled, observer of the environment, but rather become knowledgeable active mediators of it. The study of the environment can be considered to offer unique chances for the development and exercise of the general cognitive skills that Piaget's work has made educators aware of. Environmental studies are increasingly being viewed as a long-term preparation for higher environmental studies such as Sociology, Archaeology, or Historical Geography.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_studies&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Outline_of_environmental_studies" title="Outline of environmental studies">Outline of environmental studies</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Conservation_Commons" title="Conservation Commons">Conservation Commons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_ethics" title="Environmental ethics">Environmental ethics</a> – Part of environmental philosophy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_communication" title="Environmental communication">Environmental communication</a> – Type of communication</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_education" title="Environmental education">Environmental education</a> – Branch of pedagogy</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_racism" title="Environmental racism">Environmental racism</a> – Environmental injustice that occurs within a racialized context</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_social_science" title="Environmental social science">Environmental social science</a> – Interaction of humans with the environment</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_sociology" title="Environmental sociology">Environmental sociology</a> – Study of interactions between societies and their natural environments</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Environmental_geography" class="mw-redirect" title="Environmental geography">Environmental geography</a> – Intersection of human and physical geography</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_studies_topics#Degrees" class="mw-redirect" title="List of environmental studies topics">List of environmental degrees</a> – Overview of and topical guide to environmental studies<span style="display:none" class="category-annotation-with-redirected-description">Pages displaying short descriptions of redirect targets</span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_environmental_journals" title="List of environmental journals">List of environmental journals</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sustainable_development" title="Sustainable development">Sustainable development</a> – Mode of human development</li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_studies&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/933297292"><i>Keywords for environmental studies</i></a>. Adamson, Joni, 1958-, Gleason, William A., 1961-, Pellow, David N., 1969-. New York. 2016. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-6074-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8147-6074-1"><bdi>978-0-8147-6074-1</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/933297292">933297292</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Keywords+for+environmental+studies&rft.place=New+York&rft.date=2016&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F933297292&rft.isbn=978-0-8147-6074-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F933297292&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnvironmental+studies" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_book" title="Template:Cite book">cite book</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_location_missing_publisher" title="Category:CS1 maint: location missing publisher">link</a>) CS1 maint: others (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_others" title="Category:CS1 maint: others">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Milstein, T. & Castro-Sotomayor, J. (2020). Routledge Handbook of Ecocultural Identity. London, UK: Routledge. <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351068840">https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351068840</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210830235656/https://doi.org/10.4324/9781351068840">Archived</a> 30 August 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Education_Statistics" title="National Center for Education Statistics">National Center for Education Statistics</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/cip2000/cip2000.asp?CIP2=03.0103"><i>Classification of Instructional Programs (CIP 2000)- (03) NATURAL RESOURCES AND CONSERVATION</i></a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090512100613/http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2002/cip2000/cip2000.asp?CIP2=03.0103">Archived</a> 12 May 2009 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. 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"The Last Super Power". <i>Journal of Japanese Studies: Exploring Multidisciplinarity</i>. <b>1</b>. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.55156%2Fjjsem.dec2132">10.55156/jjsem.dec2132</a></span> (inactive 1 November 2024). <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:246371187">246371187</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Japanese+Studies%3A+Exploring+Multidisciplinarity&rft.atitle=The+Last+Super+Power&rft.volume=1&rft.date=2021-12-30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.55156%2Fjjsem.dec2132&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A246371187%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Roy&rft.aufirst=Gitanjali+Sinha&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnvironmental+studies" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esf.edu/es/about.htm">"About Environmental Studies at ESF,"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171201031236/http://www.esf.edu/es/about.htm">Archived</a> 1 December 2017 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a> SUNY-ESF website. 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href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2270721">10.2307/2270721</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0022-4812">0022-4812</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2270721">2270721</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Symbolic+Logic&rft.atitle=Form+and+Content+in+Logic&rft.volume=35&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E460-%3C%2Fspan%3E462&rft.date=1970-09-01&rft.issn=0022-4812&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F2270721%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2307%2F2270721&rft.aulast=Smiley&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdx.doi.org%2F10.2307%2F2270721&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AEnvironmental+studies" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_studies&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <p>Emmett, Rob, and Frank Zelko (eds.), "<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environmentandsociety.org/perspectives/2014/2/minding-gap-working-across-disciplines-environmental-studies">Minding the Gap: Working Across Disciplines in Environmental Studies</a>", <i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.environmentandsociety.org/perspectives">RCC Perspectives</a></i> 2014, no. 2. doi.org/10.5282/rcc/6313. </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Environmental_studies&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aess.info">Association for Environmental Studies and Sciences</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.esac.ca/">Environmental Studies Association of Canada</a></li> <li><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.springer.com/environment/journal/13412">Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences</a></i></li></ul> <p><br> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="دراسات بيئية – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="دراسات بيئية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A7%B1%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%A7%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8" title="পৰিৱেশ অধ্যয়ন – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="পৰিৱেশ অধ্যয়ন" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AA%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%B6_%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE" title="পরিবেশ বিদ্যা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="পরিবেশ বিদ্যা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%A3%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8" title="पर्यावरणी अध्ययन – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="पर्यावरणी अध्ययन" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>भोजपुरी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estudios_ambientales" title="Estudios ambientales – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Estudios ambientales" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D8%AA_%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B3%D8%AA%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D8%AD%DB%8C%D8%B7%DB%8C" title="مطالعات زیست‌محیطی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مطالعات زیست‌محیطی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89tudes_sur_l%27environnement" title="Études sur l'environnement – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Études sur l'environnement" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eolas_imshaoil" title="Eolas imshaoil – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eolas imshaoil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%98%EA%B2%BD_%EC%97%B0%EA%B5%AC" title="환경 연구 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="환경 연구" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ambientala_studii" title="Ambientala studii – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Ambientala studii" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%95%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9D%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%86%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%9B%E1%80%AC%E1%80%95%E1%80%8A%E1%80%AC" title="ပတ်ဝန်းကျင်ဆိုင်ရာပညာ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ပတ်ဝန်းကျင်ဆိုင်ရာပညာ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E5%AD%A6" title="環境学 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="環境学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Estudos_ambientais" title="Estudos ambientais – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Estudos ambientais" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%87evre_%C3%A7al%C4%B1%C5%9Fmalar%C4%B1" title="Çevre çalışmaları – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Çevre çalışmaları" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nghi%C3%AAn_c%E1%BB%A9u_m%C3%B4i_tr%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Dng" title="Nghiên cứu môi trường – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Nghiên cứu môi trường" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 December 2024, at 03:37<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" class="footer-places hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-places-privacy"><a href="https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Privacy_policy">Privacy policy</a></li> <li id="footer-places-about"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:About">About Wikipedia</a></li> <li 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