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.sidebar-caption{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-pretitle{padding:0.4em 0.4em 0;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.2em 0.8em;font-size:145%;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-image{padding:0.2em 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-heading{padding:0.1em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content{padding:0 0.5em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-content-with-subgroup{padding:0.1em 0.4em 0.2em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-below{padding:0.3em 0.8em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-above,.mw-parser-output .sidebar-collapse .sidebar-below{border-top:1px solid #aaa;border-bottom:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-navbar{text-align:right;font-size:115%;padding:0 0.4em 0.4em}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:left;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6em;font-size:105%}.mw-parser-output .sidebar-list-title-c{padding:0 0.4em;text-align:center;margin:0 3.3em}@media(max-width:640px){body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .sidebar a>img{max-width:none!important}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-list-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style> <p>A <b>mezzo-soprano</b> (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">Italian:</span> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="it-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Italian" title="Help:IPA/Italian">[ˌmɛddzosoˈpraːno]</a></span>, <abbr style="font-size:85%" title="literal translation">lit.</abbr><span style="white-space: nowrap;"> </span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span><span class="gloss-text">half soprano</span><span class="gloss-quot">'</span>), or <b>mezzo</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1177148991"><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small">English: </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ɛ/: 'e' in 'dress'">ɛ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="'s' in 'sigh'">s</span><span title="/oʊ/: 'o' in 'code'">oʊ</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">MET</span>-soh</i></a>), is a type of <a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">classical</a> female <a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">singing</a> <a href="/wiki/Human_voice" title="Human voice">voice</a> whose <a href="/wiki/Vocal_range" title="Vocal range">vocal range</a> lies between the <a href="/wiki/Soprano" title="Soprano">soprano</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Contralto" title="Contralto">contralto</a> <a href="/wiki/Voice_type" title="Voice type">voice types</a>. The mezzo-soprano's vocal range usually extends from the A below <a href="/wiki/Middle_C" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle C">middle C</a> to the A two <a href="/wiki/Octave" title="Octave">octaves</a> above (i.e. A<sub>3</sub>–A<sub>5</sub> in <a href="/wiki/Scientific_pitch_notation" title="Scientific pitch notation">scientific pitch notation</a>, where middle C = C<sub>4</sub>; 220–880 Hz). In the lower and upper extremes, some mezzo-sopranos may extend down to the F below middle C (F<sub>3</sub>, 175 Hz) and as high as "high C" (C<sub>6</sub>, 1047 Hz).<sup id="cite_ref-Appelman_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The mezzo-soprano voice type is generally divided into the <a href="/wiki/Coloratura" title="Coloratura">coloratura</a>, lyric, and dramatic. </p> <div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none"><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> <ul> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="#History"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">History</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="#Vocal_range"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Vocal range</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="#Subtypes_and_roles_in_opera"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Subtypes and roles in opera</span></a> <ul> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="#Coloratura"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Coloratura</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-5"><a href="#Lyric"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Lyric</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="#Dramatic"><span class="tocnumber">3.3</span> <span class="toctext">Dramatic</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-7"><a href="#Gilbert_and_Sullivan_and_operetta"><span class="tocnumber">3.4</span> <span class="toctext">Gilbert and Sullivan and operetta</span></a></li> </ul> </li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-8"><a href="#See_also"><span class="tocnumber">4</span> <span class="toctext">See also</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-9"><a href="#References"><span class="tocnumber">5</span> <span class="toctext">References</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-10"><a href="#Further_reading"><span class="tocnumber">6</span> <span class="toctext">Further reading</span></a></li> <li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-11"><a href="#External_links"><span class="tocnumber">7</span> <span class="toctext">External links</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(1)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-1 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-1"> <p>While mezzo-sopranos typically sing secondary roles in operas, notable exceptions include the title role in <a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Bizet</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Carmen" title="Carmen">Carmen</a></i>, Angelina (<a href="/wiki/Cinderella" title="Cinderella">Cinderella</a>) in <a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/La_Cenerentola" title="La Cenerentola">La Cenerentola</a></i>, and Rosina in Rossini's <i><a href="/wiki/The_Barber_of_Seville" title="The Barber of Seville">Barber of Seville</a></i> (all of which are also sung by sopranos and contraltos). Many 19th-century <a href="/wiki/French-language_operas" class="mw-redirect" title="French-language operas">French-language operas</a> give the leading female role to mezzos, including <i><a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9atrice_et_B%C3%A9n%C3%A9dict" title="Béatrice et Bénédict">Béatrice et Bénédict</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/La_damnation_de_Faust" title="La damnation de Faust">La damnation de Faust</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Quichotte" title="Don Quichotte">Don Quichotte</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/La_favorite" title="La favorite">La favorite</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Dom_S%C3%A9bastien" title="Dom Sébastien">Dom Sébastien</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Charles_VI_(opera)" title="Charles VI (opera)">Charles VI</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Mignon" title="Mignon">Mignon</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Samson_et_Dalila" class="mw-redirect" title="Samson et Dalila">Samson et Dalila</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Troyens" title="Les Troyens">Les Troyens</a></i>, and <i><a href="/wiki/Werther" title="Werther">Werther</a></i>, as well as <i>Carmen</i>. </p><p>Typical roles for mezzo-sopranos include the stereotypical triad associated with contraltos of "witches, bitches, and britches": witches, nurses, and wise women, such as Azucena in <a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Il_trovatore" title="Il trovatore">Il trovatore</a></i>; villains and seductresses such as Amneris in Verdi's <i><a href="/wiki/Aida" title="Aida">Aida</a></i>; and "<a href="/wiki/Breeches_role" title="Breeches role">breeches roles</a>" or "trouser roles" (male characters played by female singers) such as Cherubino in <a href="/wiki/Wolfgang_Amadeus_Mozart" title="Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart">Mozart's</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Le_nozze_di_Figaro" class="mw-redirect" title="Le nozze di Figaro">Le nozze di Figaro</a></i>. Mezzo-sopranos are well represented in <a href="/wiki/Baroque_music" title="Baroque music">baroque music</a>, <a href="/wiki/Early_music" title="Early music">early music</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Baroque_opera" class="mw-redirect" title="Baroque opera">baroque opera</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Appelman_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some roles designated for lighter <a href="/wiki/Soubrette" title="Soubrette">soubrette</a> sopranos are sung by mezzo-sopranos, who often provide a fuller, more dramatic quality. Such roles include Despina in Mozart's <i><a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%AC_fan_tutte" title="Così fan tutte">Così fan tutte</a></i> and Zerlina in his <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Giovanni" title="Don Giovanni">Don Giovanni</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Caldwell_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caldwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Mezzos sometimes play <a href="/wiki/Dramatic_soprano" title="Dramatic soprano">dramatic soprano</a> roles such as Santuzza in <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Mascagni" title="Pietro Mascagni">Mascagni</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Cavalleria_rusticana" title="Cavalleria rusticana">Cavalleria rusticana</a></i>, Lady Macbeth in Verdi's <i><a href="/wiki/Macbeth_(Verdi)" title="Macbeth (Verdi)">Macbeth</a></i>, and Kundry in Wagner's <i><a href="/wiki/Parsifal" title="Parsifal">Parsifal</a></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boldrey_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boldrey-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(2)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Vocal_range">Vocal range</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Vocal range" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-2 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-2"> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg/400px-Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg.png" decoding="async" width="400" height="49" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1250" data-file-height="152"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 400px;height: 49px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg/400px-Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg.png" data-width="400" data-height="49" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg/600px-Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6c/Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg/800px-Mezzo-soprano_voice_range_on_keyboard.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a><figcaption>Mezzo-soprano vocal range (A<sub>3</sub>–A<sub>5</sub>) notated on the <a href="/wiki/Treble_clef" class="mw-redirect" title="Treble clef">treble</a> <a href="/wiki/Staff_(music)" title="Staff (music)">staff</a> and on piano keyboard in green with dot marking middle C (C<sub>4</sub>).</figcaption></figure> <table align="right"> <tbody><tr> <td><div class="mw-ext-score noresize" data-midi="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/a/y/ayobvhl3f2qhui9shamwctagw5jmmf2/ayobvhl3.midi"><noscript><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/a/y/ayobvhl3f2qhui9shamwctagw5jmmf2/ayobvhl3.png" width="84" height="59" alt="{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" } a4 a''4 }"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 84px;height: 59px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/score/a/y/ayobvhl3f2qhui9shamwctagw5jmmf2/ayobvhl3.png" data-alt="{ \new Staff \with { \remove "Time_signature_engraver" } a4 a''4 }" data-width="84" data-height="59"> </span></div> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Vocal_range" title="Vocal range">vocal range</a> of the mezzo-sopranos lies between the <a href="/wiki/Soprano" title="Soprano">soprano</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Contralto" title="Contralto">contralto</a> <a href="/wiki/Voice_type" title="Voice type">voice types</a>. Mezzo-sopranos generally have a heavier, darker tone than sopranos. The mezzo-soprano voice resonates in a higher range than that of a contralto. The terms <i><a href="/wiki/Louise-Rosalie_Lefebvre" title="Louise-Rosalie Lefebvre">Dugazon</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9lestine_Galli-Mari%C3%A9" title="Célestine Galli-Marié">Galli-Marié</a></i> are sometimes used to refer to light mezzo-sopranos, after the names of famous singers. Usually men singing within the female range are called <a href="/wiki/Countertenor" title="Countertenor">countertenors</a> since there is a lighter more breathy tonal (falsetto) quality difference.<sup id="cite_ref-Stark_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Stark-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In current operatic practice, female singers with very low <a href="/wiki/Tessitura" title="Tessitura">tessituras</a> are often included among mezzo-sopranos, because singers in both ranges are able to cover the other, and true operatic contraltos are very rare.<sup id="cite_ref-Appelman_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(3)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Subtypes_and_roles_in_opera">Subtypes and roles in opera</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Subtypes and roles in opera" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-3 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-3"> <p>Within the mezzo-soprano voice type category are three generally recognized subcategories: coloratura mezzo-soprano, lyric mezzo-soprano, and dramatic mezzo-soprano. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Coloratura">Coloratura</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Coloratura" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A coloratura mezzo-soprano has a warm lower register and an agile high register. The roles they sing often demand not only the use of the lower register but also leaps into the upper tessitura with highly ornamented, rapid passages. They have a range from approximately the G below middle C (G<sub>3</sub>, 196 Hz) to the B two octaves above middle C (B<sub>5</sub>, 988 Hz). Some coloratura mezzo-sopranos can sing up to high C (C<sub>6</sub>, 1047 Hz) or high D (D<sub>6</sub>, 1175 Hz), but this is very rare.<sup id="cite_ref-Appelman_1-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> What distinguishes these voices from being called sopranos is their extension into the lower register and warmer vocal quality. Although coloratura mezzo-sopranos have impressive and at times thrilling high notes, they are most comfortable singing in the middle of their range, rather than the top.<sup id="cite_ref-Boldrey_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boldrey-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Many of the hero roles in the operas of <a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">Handel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claudio_Monteverdi" title="Claudio Monteverdi">Monteverdi</a>, originally sung by male castrati, can be successfully sung today by coloratura mezzo-sopranos. Rossini demanded similar qualities for his comic heroines, and <a href="/wiki/Antonio_Vivaldi" title="Antonio Vivaldi">Vivaldi</a> wrote roles frequently for this voice as well. Coloratura mezzo-sopranos also often sing lyric-mezzo-soprano roles or soubrette roles.<sup id="cite_ref-Caldwell_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Caldwell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Coloratura mezzo-soprano roles in operas (<b>*</b><i>denotes a lead role</i>): </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Angelina (Cenerentola), <i><a href="/wiki/La_Cenerentola" title="La Cenerentola">La Cenerentola</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Gioachino_Rossini" title="Gioachino Rossini">Rossini</a>)*</li> <li>Ariodante, <i><a href="/wiki/Ariodante" title="Ariodante">Ariodante</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">Handel</a>)*</li> <li>Baba the Turk, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Rake%27s_Progress" title="The Rake's Progress">The Rake's Progress</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Igor_Stravinsky" title="Igor Stravinsky">Stravinsky</a>)</li> <li>Griselda, <i><a href="/wiki/Griselda_(Vivaldi)" title="Griselda (Vivaldi)">Griselda</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Antonio_Vivaldi" title="Antonio Vivaldi">Vivaldi</a>)*</li> <li>Isabella, <i><a href="/wiki/L%27italiana_in_Algeri" title="L'italiana in Algeri">L'italiana in Algeri</a></i> (Rossini)*</li> <li>Isolier, <i><a href="/wiki/Le_comte_Ory" title="Le comte Ory">Le comte Ory</a></i> (Rossini)*</li> <li>Julius Caesar, <i><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cesare" title="Giulio Cesare">Giulio Cesare</a></i> (Handel)*</li> <li>Orsini, <i><a href="/wiki/Lucrezia_Borgia_(opera)" title="Lucrezia Borgia (opera)">Lucrezia Borgia</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Gaetano_Donizetti" title="Gaetano Donizetti">Donizetti</a>)</li> <li>Romeo, <i><a href="/wiki/I_Capuleti_e_i_Montecchi" title="I Capuleti e i Montecchi">I Capuleti e i Montecchi</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Bellini" title="Vincenzo Bellini">Vincenzo Bellini</a>)*</li> <li>Ruggiero, <i><a href="/wiki/Alcina" title="Alcina">Alcina</a></i> (Handel)*</li> <li>Rosina, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Barber_of_Seville" title="The Barber of Seville">The Barber of Seville</a></i> (Rossini)*</li> <li>Serse, <i><a href="/wiki/Serse" title="Serse">Serse</a></i> (Handel)*</li> <li>Tancredi, <i><a href="/wiki/Tancredi" title="Tancredi">Tancredi</a></i> (Rossini)*</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Lyric">Lyric</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Lyric" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>The lyric mezzo-soprano has a range from approximately the G note below middle C (G<sub>3</sub>, 196 Hz) to the A two octaves above middle C (A<sub>5</sub>, 880 Hz).<sup id="cite_ref-Appelman_1-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This voice has a very smooth, sensitive and at times lachrymose quality. Lyric mezzo-sopranos do not have the vocal agility of the coloratura mezzo-soprano or the size of the dramatic mezzo-soprano. The lyric mezzo-soprano is ideal for most <a href="/wiki/Trouser_role" class="mw-redirect" title="Trouser role">trouser roles</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Boldrey_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boldrey-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Lyric mezzo-soprano roles in operas (<b>*</b><i>denotes a lead role</i>): </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Adalgisa, <i><a href="/wiki/Norma_(opera)" title="Norma (opera)">Norma</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Bellini" title="Bellini">Bellini</a>)</li> <li>Ariadne, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Minotaur_(opera)" title="The Minotaur (opera)">The Minotaur</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Harrison_Birtwistle" title="Harrison Birtwistle">Birtwistle</a>)</li> <li>Carmen, <i><a href="/wiki/Carmen" title="Carmen">Carmen</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Georges_Bizet" title="Georges Bizet">Bizet</a>)*</li> <li>Charlotte, <i><a href="/wiki/Werther" title="Werther">Werther</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Jules_Massenet" title="Jules Massenet">Massenet</a>)*</li> <li>The Composer, <i><a href="/wiki/Ariadne_auf_Naxos" title="Ariadne auf Naxos">Ariadne auf Naxos</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a>)</li> <li>Dido, <i><a href="/wiki/Dido_and_Aeneas" title="Dido and Aeneas">Dido and Aeneas</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Henry_Purcell" title="Henry Purcell">Purcell</a>)*</li> <li>Floßhilde, <i><a href="/wiki/Das_Rheingold" title="Das Rheingold">Das Rheingold</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tterd%C3%A4mmerung" title="Götterdämmerung">Götterdämmerung</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Richard Wagner</a>)</li> <li>Hänsel, <i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(opera)" title="Hansel and Gretel (opera)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Engelbert_Humperdinck_(composer)" title="Engelbert Humperdinck (composer)">Humperdinck</a>)*</li> <li>Jo, <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Women_(opera)" title="Little Women (opera)">Little Women</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mark_Adamo" title="Mark Adamo">Mark Adamo</a>)</li> <li>Marguerite, <i><a href="/wiki/La_damnation_de_Faust" title="La damnation de Faust">La damnation de Faust</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a>)*</li> <li>Meg, <i><a href="/wiki/Little_Women_(opera)" title="Little Women (opera)">Little Women</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mark_Adamo" title="Mark Adamo">Mark Adamo</a>)</li> <li>Mignon, <i><a href="/wiki/Mignon" title="Mignon">Mignon</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Ambroise_Thomas" title="Ambroise Thomas">Ambroise Thomas</a>)*</li> <li>Miranda, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tempest_(opera)" title="The Tempest (opera)">The Tempest</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Thomas_Ad%C3%A8s" title="Thomas Adès">Thomas Adès</a>)</li> <li>Mother, <i><a href="/wiki/Amahl_and_the_Night_Visitors" title="Amahl and the Night Visitors">Amahl and the Night Visitors</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Gian_Carlo_Menotti" title="Gian Carlo Menotti">Menotti</a>)*</li> <li>Nancy, <i><a href="/wiki/Albert_Herring" title="Albert Herring">Albert Herring</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Britten" class="mw-redirect" title="Britten">Britten</a>)</li> <li>Nicklausse, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Tales_of_Hoffmann" title="The Tales of Hoffmann">The Tales of Hoffmann</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Jacques_Offenbach" title="Jacques Offenbach">Offenbach</a>)</li> <li>Octavian, <i><a href="/wiki/Der_Rosenkavalier" title="Der Rosenkavalier">Der Rosenkavalier</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a>)*</li> <li>Orlofsky, <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Fledermaus" title="Die Fledermaus">Die Fledermaus</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Johann_Strauss_II" title="Johann Strauss II">Johann Strauss II</a>)</li> <li>The Pilgrim, <i><a href="/wiki/L%27Amour_de_loin" title="L'Amour de loin">L'Amour de loin</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Kaija_Saariaho" title="Kaija Saariaho">Kaija Saariaho</a>)*</li> <li>Puck, <i><a href="/wiki/Oberon" title="Oberon">Oberon</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Carl_Maria_von_Weber" title="Carl Maria von Weber">Weber</a>)</li> <li>Sesto, <i><a href="/wiki/Giulio_Cesare" title="Giulio Cesare">Giulio Cesare</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/George_Frideric_Handel" title="George Frideric Handel">Handel</a>)</li> <li>Siebel, <i><a href="/wiki/Faust_(opera)" title="Faust (opera)">Faust</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Gounod</a>)</li> <li>Sorceress, <i><a href="/wiki/Dido_and_Aeneas" title="Dido and Aeneas">Dido and Aeneas</a></i> (Purcell)</li> <li>Stephano, <i><a href="/wiki/Rom%C3%A9o_et_Juliette" title="Roméo et Juliette">Roméo et Juliette</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Charles_Gounod" title="Charles Gounod">Charles Gounod</a>)</li> <li>Suzuki, <i><a href="/wiki/Madama_Butterfly" title="Madama Butterfly">Madama Butterfly</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Giacomo_Puccini" title="Giacomo Puccini">Puccini</a>)</li> <li>Tisbe, <i><a href="/wiki/La_Cenerentola" title="La Cenerentola">La Cenerentola</a></i> (Rossini)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dramatic">Dramatic</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Dramatic" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>A dramatic mezzo-soprano has a strong medium register, a warm high register and a voice that is broader and more powerful than the lyric and coloratura mezzo-sopranos. This voice has less vocal facility than the coloratura mezzo-soprano. The range of the dramatic mezzo-soprano is from approximately the F below middle C (F<sub>3</sub>, 175 Hz) to the G two octaves above middle C (G<sub>5</sub>, 784 Hz).<sup id="cite_ref-Appelman_1-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The dramatic mezzo-soprano can sing over an orchestra and chorus with ease and was often used in the 19th century opera, to portray older women, mothers, witches and evil characters. Verdi wrote many roles for this voice in the Italian repertoire and there are also a few good roles in the French Literature. The majority of these roles, however, are within the German Romantic repertoire of composers like <a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a> and <a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a>. Like coloratura mezzos, dramatic mezzos are also often cast in lyric mezzo-soprano roles.<sup id="cite_ref-Boldrey_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Boldrey-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Dramatic mezzo-soprano roles in operas (<b>*</b><i>denotes a lead role</i>): </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>Azucena, <i><a href="/wiki/Il_trovatore" title="Il trovatore">Il trovatore</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Giuseppe_Verdi" title="Giuseppe Verdi">Verdi</a>)*</li> <li>Amneris, <i><a href="/wiki/Aida" title="Aida">Aida</a></i> (Verdi)*</li> <li>Adelaide, <i><a href="/wiki/Arabella" title="Arabella">Arabella</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Strauss" title="Richard Strauss">Richard Strauss</a>)</li> <li>Brangäne, <i><a href="/wiki/Tristan_und_Isolde" title="Tristan und Isolde">Tristan und Isolde</a></i> (Richard Wagner)</li> <li>The Countess, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Queen_of_Spades_(opera)" title="The Queen of Spades (opera)">The Queen of Spades</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Pyotr_Ilyich_Tchaikovsky" title="Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky">Tchaikovsky</a>)</li> <li>Dalila, <i><a href="/wiki/Samson_and_Delilah_(opera)" title="Samson and Delilah (opera)">Samson and Delilah</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Camille_Saint-Sa%C3%ABns" title="Camille Saint-Saëns">Saint-Saëns</a>)*</li> <li>Dido, <i><a href="/wiki/Les_Troyens" title="Les Troyens">Les Troyens</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Hector_Berlioz" title="Hector Berlioz">Berlioz</a>)*</li> <li>Dorabella, <i><a href="/wiki/Cos%C3%AC_fan_tutte" title="Così fan tutte">Così fan tutte</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Mozart" class="mw-redirect" title="Mozart">Mozart</a>)</li> <li>Eboli, <i><a href="/wiki/Don_Carlos" title="Don Carlos">Don Carlos</a></i> (Verdi)</li> <li>Fricka, <i><a href="/wiki/Das_Rheingold" title="Das Rheingold">Das Rheingold</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Walk%C3%BCre" title="Die Walküre">Die Walküre</a></i> (Wagner)</li> <li>Gertrud, <i><a href="/wiki/Hansel_and_Gretel_(opera)" title="Hansel and Gretel (opera)">Hansel and Gretel</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Engelbert_Humperdinck_(composer)" title="Engelbert Humperdinck (composer)">Humperdinck</a>)</li> <li>The Gingerbread Witch, <i>Hansel and Gretel</i> (Humperdinck)</li> <li>Herodias, <i><a href="/wiki/Salome_(opera)" title="Salome (opera)">Salome</a></i> (Richard Strauss)</li> <li>Judith, <i><a href="/wiki/Bluebeard%27s_Castle" title="Bluebeard's Castle">Bluebeard's Castle</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/B%C3%A9la_Bart%C3%B3k" title="Béla Bartók">Bartók</a>)*</li> <li>Klytämnestra, <i><a href="/wiki/Elektra_(opera)" title="Elektra (opera)">Elektra</a></i> (Richard Strauss)</li> <li>Laura, <i><a href="/wiki/La_Gioconda_(opera)" title="La Gioconda (opera)">La Gioconda</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Amilcare_Ponchielli" title="Amilcare Ponchielli">Ponchielli</a>)</li> <li>Marina, <i><a href="/wiki/Boris_Godunov_(opera)" title="Boris Godunov (opera)">Boris Godunov</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Modest_Mussorgsky" title="Modest Mussorgsky">Mussorgsky</a>)</li> <li>Ortrud, <i><a href="/wiki/Lohengrin_(opera)" title="Lohengrin (opera)">Lohengrin</a></i> (Wagner)</li> <li>Princess de Bouillon, <i><a href="/wiki/Adriana_Lecouvreur" title="Adriana Lecouvreur">Adriana Lecouvreur</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Francesco_Cilea" title="Francesco Cilea">Cilea</a>)</li> <li>Venus, <i><a href="/wiki/Tannh%C3%A4user_(opera)" title="Tannhäuser (opera)">Tannhäuser</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Richard_Wagner" title="Richard Wagner">Wagner</a>)</li> <li>Waltraute, <i><a href="/wiki/Die_Walk%C3%BCre" title="Die Walküre">Die Walküre</a></i>, <i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tterd%C3%A4mmerung" title="Götterdämmerung">Götterdämmerung</a></i> (Wagner)</li> <li>Zweite Dame (Second Lady), <i><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Flute" title="The Magic Flute">The Magic Flute</a></i> (Mozart)</li> <li>Zweite Norn (Second Norn), <i><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6tterd%C3%A4mmerung" title="Götterdämmerung">Götterdämmerung</a></i> (Wagner)</li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Gilbert_and_Sullivan_and_operetta">Gilbert and Sullivan and operetta</h3><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Gilbert and Sullivan and operetta" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div> <p>All of <a href="/wiki/Gilbert_and_Sullivan" title="Gilbert and Sullivan">Gilbert and Sullivan</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Savoy_opera" title="Savoy opera">Savoy operas</a> have at least one mezzo-soprano character. Notable <a href="/wiki/Operetta" title="Operetta">operetta</a> roles are: </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1184024115"><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li>The Lady Angela, <i><a href="/wiki/Patience_(opera)" title="Patience (opera)">Patience</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Constance, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Sorcerer" title="The Sorcerer">The Sorcerer</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Cousin Hebe, <i><a href="/wiki/H.M.S._Pinafore" title="H.M.S. Pinafore">H.M.S. Pinafore</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Edith, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Pirates_of_Penzance" title="The Pirates of Penzance">The Pirates of Penzance</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Iolanthe, <i><a href="/wiki/Iolanthe" title="Iolanthe">Iolanthe</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Mad Margaret, <i><a href="/wiki/Ruddigore" title="Ruddigore">Ruddigore</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Melissa, <i><a href="/wiki/Princess_Ida" title="Princess Ida">Princess Ida</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Pitti-Sing, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Mikado" title="The Mikado">The Mikado</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Phoebe Meryll, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Yeomen_of_the_Guard" title="The Yeomen of the Guard">The Yeomen of the Guard</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>The Lady Saphir, <i><a href="/wiki/Patience_(opera)" title="Patience (opera)">Patience</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li> <li>Tessa, <i><a href="/wiki/The_Gondoliers" title="The Gondoliers">The Gondoliers</a></i> (Gilbert and Sullivan)</li></ul> </div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(4)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: See also" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-4 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-4"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Mezzo-sopranos" title="Category:Mezzo-sopranos">Category of mezzo-sopranos</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Fach" title="Fach">Fach</a></i>, the German system for classifying voices</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Voice_classification_in_non-classical_music" title="Voice classification in non-classical music">Voice classification in non-classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mezzo-sopranos_in_non-classical_music" title="List of mezzo-sopranos in non-classical music">List of mezzo-sopranos in non-classical music</a></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(5)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: References" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-5 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-5"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Appelman-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Appelman_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appelman_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appelman_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appelman_1-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appelman_1-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Appelman_1-5"><sup><i><b>f</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFAppelman1986" class="citation book cs1">Appelman, D. Ralph (1986). <i>The Science of Vocal Pedagogy: Theory and Application</i>. Indiana University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-253-20378-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-253-20378-6"><bdi>978-0-253-20378-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Science+of+Vocal+Pedagogy%3A+Theory+and+Application&rft.pub=Indiana+University+Press&rft.date=1986&rft.isbn=978-0-253-20378-6&rft.aulast=Appelman&rft.aufirst=D.+Ralph&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMezzo-soprano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Caldwell-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Caldwell_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Caldwell_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoldreyRobert_CaldwellWerner_SingerJoan_Wall1992" class="citation book cs1">Boldrey, Richard; Robert Caldwell; Werner Singer; Joan Wall; Roger Pines (1992). <i>Singer's Edition (Soubrette): Operatic Arias – Soubrette</i>. Caldwell Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-877761-03-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-877761-03-4"><bdi>978-1-877761-03-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Singer%27s+Edition+%28Soubrette%29%3A+Operatic+Arias+%E2%80%93+Soubrette&rft.pub=Caldwell+Publishing&rft.date=1992&rft.isbn=978-1-877761-03-4&rft.aulast=Boldrey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rft.au=Robert+Caldwell&rft.au=Werner+Singer&rft.au=Joan+Wall&rft.au=Roger+Pines&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMezzo-soprano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Boldrey-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Boldrey_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boldrey_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boldrey_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Boldrey_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBoldrey1994" class="citation book cs1">Boldrey, Richard (1994). <i>Guide to Operatic Roles and Arias</i>. Caldwell Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-877761-64-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-877761-64-5"><bdi>978-1-877761-64-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Guide+to+Operatic+Roles+and+Arias&rft.pub=Caldwell+Publishing&rft.date=1994&rft.isbn=978-1-877761-64-5&rft.aulast=Boldrey&rft.aufirst=Richard&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMezzo-soprano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Stark-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Stark_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStark2003" class="citation book cs1">Stark, James (2003). <i>Bel Canto: A History of Vocal Pedagogy</i>. University of Toronto Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8614-3" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8020-8614-3"><bdi>978-0-8020-8614-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Bel+Canto%3A+A+History+of+Vocal+Pedagogy&rft.pub=University+of+Toronto+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0-8020-8614-3&rft.aulast=Stark&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMezzo-soprano" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(6)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Further reading" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-6 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-6"> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Peckham, Anne (2005). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/vocalworkoutsfor0000peck"><i>Vocal Workouts for the Contemporary Singer</i></a></span>. Berklee Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-87639-047-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-87639-047-4"><bdi>978-0-87639-047-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Vocal+Workouts+for+the+Contemporary+Singer&rft.pub=Berklee+Press&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-0-87639-047-4&rft.aulast=Peckham&rft.aufirst=Anne&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fvocalworkoutsfor0000peck&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMezzo-soprano" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1">Smith, Brenda (2005). <i>Choral Pedagogy</i>. Plural Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-59756-043-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-59756-043-6"><bdi>978-1-59756-043-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Choral+Pedagogy&rft.pub=Plural+Publishing&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=978-1-59756-043-6&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Brenda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMezzo-soprano" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </section><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2 section-heading" onclick="mfTempOpenSection(7)"><span class="indicator mf-icon mf-icon-expand mf-icon--small"></span><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"> <a role="button" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: External links" class="cdx-button cdx-button--size-large cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--icon-only cdx-button--weight-quiet "> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon--edit"></span> <span>edit</span> </a> </span> </div><section class="mf-section-7 collapsible-block" id="mf-section-7"> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 12px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="12" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Mezzo-sopranos" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Mezzo-sopranos">Mezzo-sopranos</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 16px;height: 16px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/16px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png" data-alt="" data-width="16" data-height="16" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/24px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/99/Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg/32px-Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> The dictionary definition of <a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" class="extiw" title="wiktionary:Mezzo-soprano"><i>Mezzo-soprano</i></a> at Wiktionary</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.operamania.com/voices-mezzo.htm">Mezzo-soprano voices with video examples</a></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output 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.portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Operalogo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><noscript><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/21px-Operalogo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="19" class="mw-file-element" data-file-width="400" data-file-height="360"></noscript><span class="lazy-image-placeholder" style="width: 21px;height: 19px;" data-src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/21px-Operalogo.svg.png" data-alt="icon" data-width="21" data-height="19" data-srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/32px-Operalogo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6d/Operalogo.svg/42px-Operalogo.svg.png 2x" data-class="mw-file-element"> </span></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Opera" title="Portal:Opera">Opera</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1038841319"></div>    </section></div> <noscript><img src="https://login.m.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&mobile=1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&oldid=1243847996">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&oldid=1243847996</a>"</div></div> </div> <div class="post-content" id="page-secondary-actions"> </div> </main> <footer class="mw-footer minerva-footer" role="contentinfo"> <a class="last-modified-bar" href="/w/index.php?title=Mezzo-soprano&action=history"> <div class="post-content last-modified-bar__content"> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-medium minerva-icon--modified-history"></span> <span class="last-modified-bar__text modified-enhancement" data-user-name="IvanScrooge98" data-user-gender="male" data-timestamp="1725391468"> <span>Last edited on 3 September 2024, at 19:24</span> </span> <span class="minerva-icon minerva-icon-size-small minerva-icon--expand"></span> </div> </a> <div class="post-content footer-content"> <div id='mw-data-after-content'> <div class="read-more-container"></div> </div> <div id="p-lang"> <h4>Languages</h4> <section> <ul id="p-variants" class="minerva-languages"></ul> <ul class="minerva-languages"><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%B2%D9%88-%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%A8%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="ميزو-سوبرانو – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="ميزو-سوبرانو" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Messo-soprano" title="Messo-soprano – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Messo-soprano" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%86%D0%B0-%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мецца-сапрана – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мецца-сапрана" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мецосопран – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мецосопран" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosoprano" title="Mezzosoprano – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Mezzosoprano" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%86%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Меццо-сопрано – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Меццо-сопрано" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopr%C3%A1n" title="Mezzosoprán – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mezzosoprán" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Mezzo-soprano" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metsosopran" title="Metsosopran – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Metsosopran" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%8C%CF%86%CF%89%CE%BD%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Μεσόφωνος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεσόφωνος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosoprano" title="Mezzosoprano – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Mezzosoprano" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezosoprano" title="Mezosoprano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Mezosoprano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosoprano" title="Mezzosoprano – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Mezzosoprano" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AA%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88" title="متزوسوپرانو – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="متزوسوپرانو" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mezzo-soprano" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosoprano" title="Mezzosoprano – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Mezzosoprano" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EC%A1%B0%EC%86%8C%ED%94%84%EB%9D%BC%EB%85%B8" title="메조소프라노 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메조소프라노" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A5%D6%81%D6%81%D5%B8-%D5%BD%D5%B8%D5%BA%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8" title="Մեցցո-սոպրանո – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մեցցո-սոպրանո" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezosopran" title="Mezosopran – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Mezosopran" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosoprano" title="Mezzosoprano – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Mezzosoprano" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%AA%E1%83%9D-%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9E%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D" title="მეცო-სოპრანო – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მეცო-სოპრანო" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%86%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Меццо-сопрано – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Меццо-сопрано" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezosoprano" title="Mezosoprano – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mezosoprano" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%86%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Меццо-сопрано – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Меццо-сопрано" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecosopr%C4%81ns" title="Mecosoprāns – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mecosoprāns" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mecosopranas" title="Mecosopranas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Mecosopranas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzoszopr%C3%A1n" title="Mezzoszoprán – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Mezzoszoprán" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мецосопран – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Мецосопран" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Mezzo-soprano" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopraan" title="Mezzosopraan – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Mezzosopraan" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A1%E3%82%BE%E3%82%BD%E3%83%97%E3%83%A9%E3%83%8E" title="メゾソプラノ – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="メゾソプラノ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metsso-soprano" title="Metsso-soprano – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Metsso-soprano" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meio-soprano" title="Meio-soprano – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Meio-soprano" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran%C4%83_(voce)" title="Mezzosoprană (voce) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mezzosoprană (voce)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D1%86%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Меццо-сопрано – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Меццо-сопрано" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Mezzo-soprano" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopr%C3%A1n" title="Mezzosoprán – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mezzosoprán" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%8E%D8%B2%DB%86-%D8%B3%DB%86%D9%BE%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%DB%86" title="مێزۆ-سۆپرانۆ – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مێزۆ-سۆپرانۆ" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мецосопран – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Мецосопран" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopraano" title="Mezzosopraano – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mezzosopraano" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzosopran" title="Mezzosopran – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mezzosopran" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzo-Soprano" title="Mezzo-Soprano – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mezzo-Soprano" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE-%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE" title="Мецо-сопрано – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мецо-сопрано" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mezzo-soprano" title="Mezzo-soprano – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mezzo-soprano" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E5%A5%B3%E9%AB%98%E9%9F%B3" title="次女高音 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="次女高音" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%AC%A1%E5%A5%B3%E9%AB%98%E9%9F%B3" title="次女高音 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="次女高音" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rsk mw-list-item"><a href="https://rsk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D1%86%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BE%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Мецосопран – Pannonian Rusyn" lang="rsk" hreflang="rsk" data-title="Мецосопран" data-language-autonym="Руски" data-language-local-name="Pannonian Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Руски</span></a></li></ul> </section> </div> <div class="minerva-footer-logo"><img src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" alt="Wikipedia" width="120" height="18" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"/> </div> <ul id="footer-info" class="footer-info hlist hlist-separated"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 3 September 2024, at 19:24<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Content is available under <a class="external" rel="nofollow" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.en">CC BY-SA 4.0</a> unless otherwise noted.</li> </ul> <ul id="footer-places" 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