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<span>创建账号</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E8%B1%A1" title="建议你登录，尽管并非必须。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登录</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 未登录编辑者的页面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%97%A8" aria-label="了解有关编辑的更多信息"><span>了解详情</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="来自此IP地址的编辑列表[y]" accesskey="y"><span>贡献</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="对于来自此IP地址编辑的讨论[n]" accesskey="n"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站点"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-分类" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#分类"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>分类</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-分类-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关分类子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-分类-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-旧分类" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#旧分类"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>旧分类</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-旧分类-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-演化史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#演化史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>演化史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-演化史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-習性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#習性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>習性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-習性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-保育現況" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#保育現況"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>保育現況</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-保育現況-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关保育現況子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-保育現況-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-狀況" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#狀況"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>狀況</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-狀況-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-威脅" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#威脅"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>威脅</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-威脅-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-象與人類的關係" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#象與人類的關係"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>象與人類的關係</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-象與人類的關係-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关象與人類的關係子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-象與人類的關係-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-戰爭文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#戰爭文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>戰爭文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-戰爭文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>歷史文化</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-象牙" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#象牙"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>象牙</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-象牙-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參考文献" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參考文献"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>參考文献</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參考文献-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-相关条目" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#相关条目"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>相关条目</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-相关条目-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-延伸阅读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#延伸阅读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>延伸阅读</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-延伸阅读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部链接" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部链接"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>外部链接</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部链接-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">象</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。194种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-194" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">194种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 亚齐语" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="亚齐语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifant" title="Olifant – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Olifant" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%9D%E1%88%86%E1%8A%95" title="ዝሆን – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዝሆን" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ang mw-list-item"><a href="https://ang.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elpend" title="Elpend – 古英语" lang="ang" hreflang="ang" data-title="Elpend" data-language-autonym="Ænglisc" data-language-local-name="古英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ænglisc</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ann mw-list-item"><a href="https://ann.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eniin%CC%84" title="Eniin̄ – 奥博洛语" lang="ann" hreflang="ann" data-title="Eniin̄" data-language-autonym="Obolo" data-language-local-name="奥博洛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Obolo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%80" title="हाथी – 昂加语" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="हाथी" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="昂加语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84" title="فيل – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="فيل" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84" title="فيل – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيل" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantidae" title="Elephantidae – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Elephantidae" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%80" title="हाथी – 阿瓦德语" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="हाथी" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="阿瓦德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil" title="Fil – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fil" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84" title="فیل – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="فیل" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Фил – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Фил" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kunjara" title="Kunjara – 巴厘语" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Kunjara" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="巴厘语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drombl%C4%ABs" title="Dromblīs – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Dromblīs" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elepante" title="Elepante – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Elepante" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bjn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bjn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 班亞爾文" lang="bjn" hreflang="bjn" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Banjar" data-language-local-name="班亞爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Banjar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bm mw-list-item"><a href="https://bm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sama" title="Sama – 班巴拉语" lang="bm" hreflang="bm" data-title="Sama" data-language-autonym="Bamanankan" data-language-local-name="班巴拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bamanankan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B9%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF" title="হাতি – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="হাতি" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%82%E0%BE%B3%E0%BD%84%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%86%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%93%E0%BC%8D" title="གླང་ཆེན། – 藏语" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="གླང་ཆེན།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="藏语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifant" title="Olifant – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Olifant" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slon" title="Slon – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Slon" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaja" title="Gaja – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Gaja" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Заан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Заан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefants" title="Elefants – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Elefants" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chi%C3%B4ng" title="Chiông – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Chiông" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chr mw-list-item"><a href="https://chr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8E%A7%E1%8E%B9%E1%8E%B9" title="ᎧᎹᎹ – 切罗基语" lang="chr" hreflang="chr" data-title="ᎧᎹᎹ" data-language-autonym="ᏣᎳᎩ" data-language-local-name="切罗基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᏣᎳᎩ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-chy mw-list-item"><a href="https://chy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ts%C3%AAhe%27%C3%AAsees%C3%A9he" title="Tsêhe'êseeséhe – 夏延语" lang="chy" hreflang="chy" data-title="Tsêhe'êseeséhe" data-language-autonym="Tsetsêhestâhese" data-language-local-name="夏延语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tsetsêhestâhese</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84" title="فیل – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="فیل" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 科西嘉语" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="科西嘉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil" title="Fil – 克里米亚鞑靼语" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Fil" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="克里米亚鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slon" title="Slon – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Slon" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eliffant" title="Eliffant – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Eliffant" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefanter" title="Elefanter – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Elefanter" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/W%C9%94bigu" title="Wɔbigu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Wɔbigu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-din mw-list-item"><a href="https://din.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%C9%94%CC%88%C9%94%CC%88n" title="Akɔ̈ɔ̈n – 丁卡语" lang="din" hreflang="din" data-title="Akɔ̈ɔ̈n" data-language-autonym="Thuɔŋjäŋ" data-language-local-name="丁卡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Thuɔŋjäŋ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil" title="Fil – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Fil" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ee mw-list-item"><a href="https://ee.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atiglinyi" title="Atiglinyi – 埃维语" lang="ee" hreflang="ee" data-title="Atiglinyi" data-language-autonym="Eʋegbe" data-language-local-name="埃维语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eʋegbe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BB%CE%AD%CF%86%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ελέφαντας – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ελέφαντας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Elephant" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefanto" title="Elefanto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Elefanto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevant" title="Elevant – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Elevant" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84" title="فیل – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فیل" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Norsu" title="Norsu – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Norsu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elevant" title="Elevant – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Elevant" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADlur" title="Fílur – 法罗语" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Fílur" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fon mw-list-item"><a href="https://fon.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ajinak%C3%BA_geli" title="Ajinakú geli – 丰语" lang="fon" hreflang="fon" data-title="Ajinakú geli" data-language-autonym="Fɔ̀ngbè" data-language-local-name="丰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fɔ̀ngbè</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%89l%C3%A9phant" title="Éléphant – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Éléphant" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eilifint" title="Eilifint – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Eilifint" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gag mw-list-item"><a href="https://gag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fill%C3%A4r" title="Fillär – 加告兹语" lang="gag" hreflang="gag" data-title="Fillär" data-language-autonym="Gagauz" data-language-local-name="加告兹语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagauz</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1" title="象 – 赣语" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="象" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="赣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ailbhean" title="Ailbhean – 苏格兰盖尔语" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Ailbhean" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="苏格兰盖尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tapi%27it%C4%A9mbuku" title="Tapi'itĩmbuku – 瓜拉尼语" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Tapi'itĩmbuku" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="瓜拉尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-got mw-list-item"><a href="https://got.wikipedia.org/wiki/%F0%90%8C%B9%F0%90%8C%BB%F0%90%8D%80%F0%90%8C%B0%F0%90%8C%BD%F0%90%8C%B3%F0%90%8C%BF%F0%90%8D%83" title="𐌹𐌻𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐍃 – 哥特语" lang="got" hreflang="got" data-title="𐌹𐌻𐍀𐌰𐌽𐌳𐌿𐍃" data-language-autonym="𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺" data-language-local-name="哥特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>𐌲𐌿𐍄𐌹𐍃𐌺</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%B9%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A5%E0%AB%80" title="હાથી – 古吉拉特语" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="હાથી" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="古吉拉特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 马恩语" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="马恩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaelg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giwa" title="Giwa – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Giwa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Siong" title="Siong – 客家语" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Siong" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="客家语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A4%D7%99%D7%9C" title="פיל – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="פיל" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A5%E0%A5%80" title="हाथी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="हाथी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Haanthi" title="Haanthi – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Haanthi" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slon" title="Slon – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Slon" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefan" title="Elefan – 海地克里奥尔语" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Elefan" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="海地克里奥尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%93%D5%B2%D5%A5%D6%80" title="Փղեր – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Փղեր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 伊班语" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="伊班语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elepante" title="Elepante – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Elepante" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Пил – 印古什语" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Пил" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="印古什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefanto" title="Elefanto – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Elefanto" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%ADll" title="Fíll – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fíll" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%BE%E3%82%A6" title="ゾウ – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ゾウ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/xanto" title="xanto – 逻辑语" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="xanto" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="逻辑语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilu" title="Ilu – 卡拜尔语" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Ilu" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="卡拜尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kcg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kcg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zwuom" title="Zwuom – 卡塔布语" lang="kcg" hreflang="kcg" data-title="Zwuom" data-language-autonym="Tyap" data-language-local-name="卡塔布语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tyap</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kg mw-list-item"><a href="https://kg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nzau" title="Nzau – 刚果语" lang="kg" hreflang="kg" data-title="Nzau" data-language-autonym="Kongo" data-language-local-name="刚果语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kongo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Njogu" title="Njogu – 吉库尤语" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Njogu" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="吉库尤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%96%D0%BB%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%80" title="Пілдер – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Пілдер" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kl mw-list-item"><a href="https://kl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nagguaatsoq" title="Nagguaatsoq – 格陵兰语" lang="kl" hreflang="kl" data-title="Nagguaatsoq" data-language-autonym="Kalaallisut" data-language-local-name="格陵兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kalaallisut</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%82%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%9F%E1%9E%B6%E1%9E%9A" title="គជសារ – 高棉语" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="គជសារ" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="高棉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%86" title="ಆನೆ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆನೆ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%BD%94%EB%81%BC%EB%A6%AC" title="코끼리 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="코끼리" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%DB%86%D8%B3" title="ہۆس – 克什米尔语" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="ہۆس" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="克什米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/F%C3%AEl" title="Fîl – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Fîl" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifans" title="Olifans – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Olifans" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Пил – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Пил" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantus" title="Elephantus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Elephantus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Пил – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Пил" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Фил – 列兹金语" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Фил" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="列兹金语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifante" title="Olifante – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Olifante" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 利古里亚语" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="利古里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefanc" title="Elefanc – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Elefanc" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Liofant" title="Liofant – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Liofant" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ln mw-list-item"><a href="https://ln.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nz%C9%94ku" title="Nzɔku – 林加拉语" lang="ln" hreflang="ln" data-title="Nzɔku" data-language-autonym="Lingála" data-language-local-name="林加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingála</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BB%89%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%87" title="ຊ້າງ – 老挝语" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຊ້າງ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="老挝语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Drambliai" title="Drambliai – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Drambliai" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zilo%C5%86i" title="Ziloņi – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ziloņi" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefanta" title="Elefanta – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Elefanta" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arewhana" title="Arewhana – 毛利语" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Arewhana" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="毛利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%A8" title="ആന – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Заан – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Заан" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mni mw-list-item"><a href="https://mni.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EA%AF%81%EA%AF%A5%EA%AF%83%EA%AF%A8" title="ꯁꯥꯃꯨ – 曼尼普尔语" lang="mni" hreflang="mni" data-title="ꯁꯥꯃꯨ" data-language-autonym="ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ" data-language-local-name="曼尼普尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ꯃꯤꯇꯩ ꯂꯣꯟ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="हत्ती – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="हत्ती" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iljunfant" title="Iljunfant – 马耳他语" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Iljunfant" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="马耳他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%86%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA" title="ဆင် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဆင်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-myv mw-list-item"><a href="https://myv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Пил – 厄尔兹亚语" lang="myv" hreflang="myv" data-title="Пил" data-language-autonym="Эрзянь" data-language-local-name="厄尔兹亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Эрзянь</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%DB%8C%D9%84" title="فیل – 马赞德兰语" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="فیل" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="马赞德兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%80" title="हात्ती – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="हात्ती" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BF" title="किसि – 尼瓦尔语" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="किसि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="尼瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nia mw-list-item"><a href="https://nia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gaza" title="Gaza – 尼亚斯语" lang="nia" hreflang="nia" data-title="Gaza" data-language-autonym="Li Niha" data-language-local-name="尼亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Li Niha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifanten" title="Olifanten – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Olifanten" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Al%C3%A9phant" title="Êléphant – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Êléphant" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nso mw-list-item"><a href="https://nso.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlou" title="Tlou – 北索托语" lang="nso" hreflang="nso" data-title="Tlou" data-language-autonym="Sesotho sa Leboa" data-language-local-name="北索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho sa Leboa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%C4%AF%CC%81%C4%AF%CC%81h_yee_adilohii" title="Chį́į́h yee adilohii – 纳瓦霍语" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Chį́į́h yee adilohii" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="纳瓦霍语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%B9%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A4%E0%AD%80" title="ହାତୀ – 奥里亚语" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ହାତୀ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="奥里亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B9%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A5%E0%A9%80" title="ਹਾਥੀ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਹਾਥੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifanti" title="Olifanti – 帕皮阿门托语" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Olifanti" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="帕皮阿门托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C5%82onie" title="Słonie – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Słonie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C" title="ہاتھی – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ہاتھی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D9%84" title="فيل – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="فيل" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefante" title="Elefante – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Elefante" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefandu" title="Elefandu – 阿罗马尼亚语" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Elefandu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="阿罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Armãneashti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inzovu" title="Inzovu – 卢旺达语" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Inzovu" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="卢旺达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%83" title="गजः – 梵语" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="गजः" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="梵语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D1%8D%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B8%D0%BB%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Сэлиилэр – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Сэлиилэр" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A6%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B9%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ – 桑塔利语" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱦᱟᱹᱛᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="桑塔利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Elephant" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D8%A7%D9%BF%D9%8A" title="هاٿي – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="هاٿي" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shn mw-list-item"><a href="https://shn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%81%B8%E1%81%A2%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%82%89" title="ၸၢင်ႉ – 掸语" lang="shn" hreflang="shn" data-title="ၸၢင်ႉ" data-language-autonym="ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး " data-language-local-name="掸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ၽႃႇသႃႇတႆး </span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%92" title="අලි – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අලි" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephant" title="Elephant – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Elephant" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C" title="ہاتھی – 色莱基语" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="ہاتھی" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="色莱基语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slon" title="Slon – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Slon" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sm mw-list-item"><a href="https://sm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefane" title="Elefane – 萨摩亚语" lang="sm" hreflang="sm" data-title="Elefane" data-language-autonym="Gagana Samoa" data-language-local-name="萨摩亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gagana Samoa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nzou" title="Nzou – 绍纳语" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Nzou" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="绍纳语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maroodi" title="Maroodi – 索马里语" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Maroodi" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="索马里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefanti" title="Elefanti – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Elefanti" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Slon" title="Slon – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Slon" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-st mw-list-item"><a href="https://st.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tlou" title="Tlou – 南索托语" lang="st" hreflang="st" data-title="Tlou" data-language-autonym="Sesotho" data-language-local-name="南索托语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sesotho</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gajah" title="Gajah – 巽他语" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Gajah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="巽他语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ndovu" title="Ndovu – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ndovu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/zu" title="zu – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="zu" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%88" title="யானை – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யானை" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tay mw-list-item"><a href="https://tay.wikipedia.org/wiki/zo" title="zo – Tayal" lang="tay" hreflang="tay" data-title="zo" data-language-autonym="Tayal" data-language-local-name="Tayal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tayal</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tcy mw-list-item"><a href="https://tcy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%A8%E0%B3%86" title="ಆನೆ – 圖盧文" lang="tcy" hreflang="tcy" data-title="ಆನೆ" data-language-autonym="ತುಳು" data-language-local-name="圖盧文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ತುಳು</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tdd mw-list-item"><a href="https://tdd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%A5%93%E1%A5%A3%E1%A5%92%E1%A5%B3" title="ᥓᥣᥒᥳ – Tai Nuea" lang="tdd" hreflang="tdd" data-title="ᥓᥣᥒᥳ" data-language-autonym="ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ" data-language-local-name="Tai Nuea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᥖᥭᥰ ᥖᥬᥲ ᥑᥨᥒᥰ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%8F%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%81%E0%B0%97%E0%B1%81" title="ఏనుగు – 泰卢固语" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఏనుగు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰卢固语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Фил – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Фил" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%89%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%87" title="ช้าง – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ช้าง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pil" title="Pil – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Pil" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gadya" title="Gadya – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Gadya" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil" title="Fil – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fil" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D0%B8%D0%BB" title="Фил – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Фил" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 乌德穆尔特语" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="乌德穆尔特语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%89%D9%84" title="پىل – 维吾尔语" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="پىل" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="维吾尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BD" title="Слон – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Слон" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%DA%BE%DB%8C" title="ہاتھی – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ہاتھی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fil" title="Fil – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fil" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ve mw-list-item"><a href="https://ve.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%E1%B8%93ou" title="Nḓou – 文达语" lang="ve" hreflang="ve" data-title="Nḓou" data-language-autonym="Tshivenda" data-language-local-name="文达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tshivenda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elefant" title="Elefant – 维普森语" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Elefant" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="维普森语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Voi" title="Voi – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Voi" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vls mw-list-item"><a href="https://vls.wikipedia.org/wiki/Olifantn" title="Olifantn – 西佛蘭德文" lang="vls" hreflang="vls" data-title="Olifantn" data-language-autonym="West-Vlams" data-language-local-name="西佛蘭德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>West-Vlams</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leefad" title="Leefad – 沃拉普克语" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Leefad" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="沃拉普克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elepante" title="Elepante – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Elepante" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wo mw-list-item"><a href="https://wo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%91ay" title="Ñay – 沃洛夫语" lang="wo" hreflang="wo" data-title="Ñay" data-language-autonym="Wolof" data-language-local-name="沃洛夫语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Wolof</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1" title="象 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="象" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%97%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Зан – 卡尔梅克语" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Зан" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡尔梅克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A2%D7%9C%D7%A4%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%93" title="העלפאנד – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="העלפאנד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erin" title="Erin – 约鲁巴语" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Erin" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="约鲁巴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Duzciengh" title="Duzciengh – 壮语" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Duzciengh" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="壮语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1" title="象 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="象" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chhi%C5%AB%E2%81%BF" title="Chhiūⁿ – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Chhiūⁿ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1" title="象 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="象" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indlovu" title="Indlovu – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Indlovu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7378#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%B1%A1" rel="discussion" title="关于此页面的讨论[t]" accesskey="t"><span>讨论</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="更改语言变体" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span 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href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=history" title="本页面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多选项" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1"><span>阅读</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit" title="编辑该页面[e]" accesskey="e"><span>编辑</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=history"><span>查看历史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 常规 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E8%B1%A1" title="列出所有与本页相链的页面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>链入页面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E8%B1%A1" rel="nofollow" title="页面链出所有页面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相关更改</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上传图像或多媒体文件[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上传文件</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊页面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊页面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&oldid=84730444" title="此页面该修订版本的固定链接"><span>固定链接</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=info" title="关于此页面的更多信息"><span>页面信息</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%BC%95%E7%94%A8%E6%AD%A4%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2&page=%E8%B1%A1&id=84730444&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="有关如何引用此页面的信息"><span>引用此页</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:URL%E7%BC%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E8%25B1%25A1"><span>获取短链接</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2F%25E8%25B1%25A1"><span>下载二维码</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-electronpdfservice-sidebar-portlet-heading" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 打印/导出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E8%B1%A1&action=show-download-screen"><span>下载为PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="本页面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>打印页面</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 在其他项目中 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Elephants" hreflang="en"><span>维基共享资源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7378" title="链接到连接的数据仓库项目[g]" accesskey="g"><span>维基数据项目</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="页面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="外观"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">外观</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">维基百科，自由的百科全书</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>此條目介紹的是一種哺乳動物。关于北周政权的年號，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B1%A1_(%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%B7)" title="大象 (年号)">大象 (年号)</a></b>」。关于<b>象</b>的其他意思，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="象 (消歧義)">象 (消歧義)</a></b>」。</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r74069148"><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>此條目介紹的是一種哺乳動物。关于柬埔寨命名的热带风暴，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%B1%E9%A2%A8%E9%81%94%E7%B6%AD" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="颱風達維">颱風達維</a></b>」。关于寮國命名的热带风暴，请见「<b><a href="/wiki/%E9%A2%B1%E9%A2%A8%E8%B1%A1%E7%A5%9E" class="mw-disambig" title="颱風象神">颱風象神</a></b>」。</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84596247">.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text{width:95%;margin:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-content{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox{border:none;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;margin:0 0 0 1.6em!important;padding:0!important;width:auto;display:block}body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox.mbox-small-left{font-size:100%;width:auto;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text{padding:0!important;margin:0!important}.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-text-span{display:list-item;line-height:1.5em;list-style-type:disc}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .multiple-issues-text>.mw-collapsible-toggle,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-image,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-imageright,.mw-parser-output .compact-ambox .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{display:none}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732972">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}html.client-js body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .mbox-text-span{margin-left:23px!important}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-问题条目 plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-multiple_issues compact-ambox" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span"><div class="multiple-issues-text mw-collapsible"><b>本條目存在以下問題</b>，請協助<b><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit">改善本條目</a></b>或在<b><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E8%B1%A1" title="Talk:象">討論頁</a></b>針對議題發表看法。 <div class="mw-collapsible-content"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Refimprove plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Tango-nosources.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/45px-Tango-nosources.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="45" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/68px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Tango-nosources.svg/90px-Tango-nosources.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目<b>需要补充更多<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">来源</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2011年8月13日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>请协助補充多方面<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">可靠来源</a>以<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit">改善这篇条目</a>，<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E4%BE%9B%E6%9F%A5%E8%AF%81" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:可供查证">无法查证</a>的内容可能會因為<a href="/wiki/Template:Fact" class="mw-redirect" title="Template:Fact">异议提出</a>而被移除。<br />致使用者：请搜索一下条目的标题（来源搜索：<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?&as_eq=wikipedia&q=%22%E8%B1%A1%22">"象"</a> — <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?q=%22%E8%B1%A1%22">网页</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=nws&q=&as_src=-newswire+-wire+-presswire+-PR+-press+-release+-wikipedia&q=%22%E8%B1%A1%22">新闻</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//books.google.com/books?&as_brr=0&as_pub=-icon&q=%22%E8%B1%A1%22">书籍</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//scholar.google.com/scholar?&q=%22%E8%B1%A1%22">学术</a>、<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.google.com/search?tbm=isch&safe=off&q=%22%E8%B1%A1%22">图像</a></span>），以检查网络上是否存在该主题的更多可靠来源（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%8F%AF%E9%9D%A0%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:可靠来源">判定指引</a>）。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Citation_style plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-citation_style" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目的<b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90#文獻參考的格式" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">引用需要清理，使其符合格式</a></b>。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2021年2月21日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>参考文献应符合正确的<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%88%97%E6%98%8E%E6%9D%A5%E6%BA%90" title="Wikipedia:列明来源">引用</a>、<a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%84%9A%E6%B3%A8" title="Help:脚注">脚注</a>及<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%A4%96%E9%83%A8%E9%93%BE%E6%8E%A5" title="Wikipedia:外部链接">外部链接</a>格式。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> </div></div><span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <table class="infobox biota" style="text-align: left; width: 200px; font-size: 100%"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">象科<span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em; margin-top:0.05em;"><span class="skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%A6%82%E4%BD%95%E9%96%B1%E8%AE%80%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E6%A1%86" title="Help:如何閱讀生物資訊框"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Infobox_info_icon2.svg/18px-Infobox_info_icon2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="18" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Infobox_info_icon2.svg/27px-Infobox_info_icon2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Infobox_info_icon2.svg/36px-Infobox_info_icon2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="160" data-file-height="160" /></a></span></span><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;">化石时期：<span class="noprint"><span style="display:inline-block;"></span><span style="display:inline-block;">上新世至現代</span> <span style="display:inline-block;"></span><div id="Timeline-row" style="margin: 4px auto 0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:18px; overflow:visible; white-space:nowrap; border:1px #666; border-style:solid none; position:relative; z-index:0; font-size:97%;"> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; left:0px; width:208.07692307692px; padding-left:5px; text-align:left; background-color:; background-image: linear-gradient(to right, rgba(255,255,255,1), rgba(254,217,106,1) 15%, rgba(254,217,106,1));"><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%8D%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="前寒武纪">PreЄ</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(129,170,114); left:36.892307692308px; width:18.818461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%92%E6%AD%A6%E7%BA%AA" title="寒武纪">Є</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,169,138); left:55.710769230769px; width:14.08px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E9%99%B6%E7%BA%AA" title="奥陶纪">O</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(166,223,197); left:69.790769230769px; width:8.3261538461539px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%97%E7%95%99%E7%B4%80" title="志留紀">S</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(221,150,81); left:78.116923076923px; width:20.409230769231px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A5%E7%9B%86%E7%BA%AA" title="泥盆纪">D</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(63,174,173); left:98.526153846154px; width:20.307692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E7%82%AD%E7%BA%AA" title="石炭纪">C</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(247,88,60); left:118.83384615385px; width:15.907015384615px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="二叠纪">P</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(153,78,150); left:134.74086153846px; width:17.126830769231px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E5%8F%A0%E7%BA%AA" title="三叠纪">T</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(0,187,231); left:151.86769230769px; width:19.055384615385px;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%8F%E7%BD%97%E7%BA%AA" title="侏罗纪">J</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(111,200,107); left:170.92307692308px; width:26.738461538462px;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E5%9E%A9%E7%BA%AA" title="白垩纪">K</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,161,99); left:197.66153846154px; width:14.543692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="古近纪">Pg</a></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:100%; text-align:center; background-color:rgb(254,221,45); left:212.20523076923px; width:7.7947692307692px;"><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%BF%91%E7%BA%AA" title="新近纪">N</a></div> <div id="end-border" style="position:absolute; height:100%; background-color:#666; width:1px; left:219px"></div><div style="margin:0 auto; line-height:0; clear:both; width:220px; padding:0px; height:8px; overflow:visible; background-color:transparent; position:relative; top:-4px; z-index:100;"><div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:218.19498461538px; width:1.8050153846154px; background-color:#360; opacity:0.42;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:8px; left:218.19498461538px; width:1.8050153846154px; background-color:#360; opacity:1;"></div> <div style="position:absolute; height:6px; top:1px; left:219.19498461538px; width:-0.19498461538462px; background-color:#6c3;"></div> </div> </div></span></div> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Asianelephant3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Asianelephant3.jpg/220px-Asianelephant3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Asianelephant3.jpg/330px-Asianelephant3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Asianelephant3.jpg/440px-Asianelephant3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="750" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲象">亞洲象</a>(<i>Elephas maximus</i>) </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="生物分类学">科学分类</a> <span class="plainlinks" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding:0.1em 0.4em 0 0; margin-left:-3em;"><span class="mw-default-size skin-invert" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Elephantidae" title="编辑"><img alt="编辑" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Small_Pencil_Icon.svg/16px-Small_Pencil_Icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Small_Pencil_Icon.svg/24px-Small_Pencil_Icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/75/Small_Pencil_Icon.svg/32px-Small_Pencil_Icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="16" data-file-height="16" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">界：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E7%95%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="动物界">动物界</a> Animalia</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">门：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9%E9%97%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="脊索动物门">脊索动物门</a> Chordata</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">纲：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E7%BA%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="哺乳纲">哺乳纲</a> Mammalia</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">目：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a> Proboscidea</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">亚目：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%AE" title="象形亞目">象形亞目</a> Elephantiformes</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap"><small>演化支</small>：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%B8%8B%E7%9B%AE" title="象形下目">象形下目</a> Elephantimorpha</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">小目：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B0%8F%E7%9B%AE" title="象小目">象小目</a> Elephantida</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">总科：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%B8%BD%E7%A7%91" title="象總科">象总科</a> Elephantoidea</span> </td></tr> <tr> <td><span class="nowrap">科：</span> </td> <td><span class="nowrap"><b>象科 Elephantidae</b></span><br /><small><a href="/wiki/J._E._Gray" class="mw-redirect" title="J. E. Gray">J. E. Gray</a>, 1821</small> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%8F%E5%B1%9E" title="模式属">模式属</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="象屬">象屬</a> <i>Elephas</i><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" class="mw-redirect" title="Carl Linnaeus">Linnaeus</a>, <a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E7%AC%AC%E5%8D%81%E7%89%88" title="自然系统第十版">1758</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)">亞科 </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="象亚科" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Elephantinae"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9A%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="象亚科（页面不存在）">象亚科</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elephantinae" class="extiw" title="en:Elephantinae"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Elephantinae</span></a></span>）</span></span> Elephantinae</li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9A%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棱齿象亚科（页面不存在）">棱齿象亚科</a> Stegotetrabelodontinae</span></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png/220px-Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="108" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png/330px-Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png/440px-Loxodonta_Elephas_distribution.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="492" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="text-align: center; background-color: rgb(235,235,210)"><a href="/wiki/%E7%95%B0%E5%90%8D" title="異名">異名</a><sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul style="plainlist"><li>Elephasidae <small>Lesson, 1842</small></li></ul> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r83732977">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <p><b>象</b>通称<b>大象</b>，是<b>象科</b>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="学名">学名</a>：<span lang="la">Elephantidae</span>）<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="动物">动物</a>的通称，现存最大的<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%86%E7%94%9F%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="陆生动物">陆生动物</a>，屬於<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a>。现仅存两<a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%9E_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" class="mw-redirect" title="属 (生物)">属</a>三<a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8D_(%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9)" class="mw-redirect" title="种 (生物)">种</a>，即<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲象">非洲象屬</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲象屬">亞洲象屬</a>，非洲象有两种：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲草原象">非洲草原象</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲森林象">非洲森林象</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲象屬">亞洲象屬</a>只有<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="亚洲象">亚洲象</a>一种。广泛分布在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0" title="撒哈拉沙漠">撒哈拉沙漠</a>以南、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A" title="南亚">南亚</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A" title="东南亚">东南亚</a>以至<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>西南边境的<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6" title="热带">热带</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E7%83%AD%E5%B8%A6" title="亚热带">亚热带</a>地区。 </p><p>象<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E8%86%9A" title="皮膚">皮膚</a>厚但毛髮少，鼻与上唇愈合成圆筒状长鼻，两个上颌门齿大而长，就是所谓的“<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%89%99" title="象牙">象牙</a>”，口中一般每侧有三个前磨牙和三个后磨牙，食用高纤维的<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="食品">食品</a>，树叶、草类等，磨牙并不是同时长出，现存的磨牙磨损后，新的磨牙才长出来，所以如果最后一颗（第六颗）磨牙大约在60岁以后磨损后，老象可能死于营养不良，如果继续饲喂磨碎的食品，牠們有可能继续活下去。 </p><p>象被認為有<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B1%A1%E7%9A%84%E8%AA%8D%E7%9F%A5" title="大象的認知">非常高度的認知行為能力</a>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="分类"><span id=".E5.88.86.E7.B1.BB"></span>分类</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：分类"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>本分类最早由学名作者<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E6%A0%BC%E9%9B%B7" title="约翰·爱德华·格雷">约翰·爱德华·格雷</a>在1821年发表。本科现属于<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%AE" title="象形亞目">真长鼻亚目</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%B8%8B%E7%9B%AE" title="象形下目">象形下目</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B0%8F%E7%9B%AE" title="象小目">象小目</a><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%B8%BD%E7%A7%91" title="象總科">象总科</a>。 </p><p>本<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%AF%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="支序分類學">支序分類樹</a>係根據<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%8C%E9%AA%A8" title="舌骨">舌骨</a>特徵標示出猛獁象屬與其他象科物種之關係圖<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani_etal_2007_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani_etal_2007-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>： <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r62996521">.mw-parser-output table.clade{border-spacing:0;margin:0;font-size:100%;line-height:100%;border-collapse:separate;width:auto}.mw-parser-output table.clade table.clade{width:100%;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label{width:0.7em;padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:bottom;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;border-bottom:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width{overflow:hidden;text-overflow:ellipsis}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-fixed-width:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.first{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-label.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel{padding:0 0.15em;vertical-align:top;text-align:center;border-left:1px solid;white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel:hover{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.last{border-left:none;border-right:none}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-slabel.reverse{border-left:none;border-right:1px solid}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar{vertical-align:middle;text-align:left;padding:0 0.5em;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-bar.reverse{text-align:right;position:relative}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf{border:0;padding:0;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leafR{border:0;padding:0;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade td.clade-leaf.reverse{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkA{background-color:yellow}.mw-parser-output table.clade:hover span.linkB{background-color:green}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> </p> <table class="clade" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">象科 Elephantidae </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>象亞科 Elephantinae</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>非洲象族 Loxodontini</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="非洲象屬">非洲象屬</a> <i>Loxodonta</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephant_white_background.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Elephant_white_background.png/50px-Elephant_white_background.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="43" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Elephant_white_background.png/75px-Elephant_white_background.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/68/Elephant_white_background.png/100px-Elephant_white_background.png 2x" data-file-width="483" data-file-height="415" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><b>象族 Elephantini</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><b>古菱齒象亞族 Palaeoloxodontina</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="古菱齒象屬">古菱齒象屬</a> <i>Palaeoloxodon</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephas-antiquus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Elephas-antiquus.jpg/70px-Elephas-antiquus.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="47" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Elephas-antiquus.jpg/105px-Elephas-antiquus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Elephas-antiquus.jpg/140px-Elephas-antiquus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="593" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><b>象亞族 Elephantina</b> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="象屬">象屬</a> <i>Elephas</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg/55px-Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg" decoding="async" width="55" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg/83px-Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg/110px-Indian_elephant_white_background.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1268" data-file-height="924" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%9B%E7%8D%81%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="猛獁象屬">猛獁象屬</a> <i>Mammuthus</i> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg/70px-Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg" decoding="async" width="70" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg/105px-Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg/140px-Mammuthus_trogontherii122DB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="1781" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>本支序分類樹係根據<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="分子生物學">分子生物學</a>標示出猛獁象屬與其他象科物種之關係圖 <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> </p> <table class="clade" style="font-size: 90%;"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%B8%8B%E7%9B%AE" title="象形下目">象形下目</a> Elephantimorpha </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" class="mw-redirect" title="象科">象科</a> Elephantidae </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%8C%9B%E7%8D%81%E8%B1%A1" title="真猛獁象">真猛獁象</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg/50px-202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="50" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg/75px-202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/94/202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg/100px-202003_Woolly_mammoth.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E7%8C%9B%E7%8D%81" title="哥倫比亞猛獁">哥倫比亞猛獁</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg/50px-Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg/75px-Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg/100px-Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="2014" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲象">亞洲象</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Indian_elephant_(PSF).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Indian_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/50px-Indian_elephant_%28PSF%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="42" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Indian_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/75px-Indian_elephant_%28PSF%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Indian_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/100px-Indian_elephant_%28PSF%29.png 2x" data-file-width="3060" data-file-height="2588" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="非洲象屬">非洲象屬</a> <i>Loxodonta</i> </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r62996521"> <table class="clade"> <tbody><tr> <td class="clade-label first">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲森林象">非洲森林象</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:African_Elephant_Cutout.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/African_Elephant_Cutout.png/50px-African_Elephant_Cutout.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="41" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/African_Elephant_Cutout.png/75px-African_Elephant_Cutout.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b2/African_Elephant_Cutout.png/100px-African_Elephant_Cutout.png 2x" data-file-width="964" data-file-height="789" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1" title="古菱齒象">古菱齒象</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephas-antiquus.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Elephas-antiquus.jpg/50px-Elephas-antiquus.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="33" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Elephas-antiquus.jpg/75px-Elephas-antiquus.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Elephas-antiquus.jpg/100px-Elephas-antiquus.jpg 2x" data-file-width="890" data-file-height="593" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲草原象">非洲草原象</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:African_elephant_(PSF).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/50px-African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/75px-African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/100px-African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2154" data-file-height="1718" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel">  </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-label">  </td> <td rowspan="2" class="clade-leaf"> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1" title="美洲乳齒象">美洲乳齒象</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:BlankMastodon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/BlankMastodon.jpg/50px-BlankMastodon.jpg" decoding="async" width="50" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/BlankMastodon.jpg/75px-BlankMastodon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/70/BlankMastodon.jpg/100px-BlankMastodon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1701" data-file-height="925" /></a></span> </p> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr> <tr> <td class="clade-slabel last">  </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>本科现存2属3种，另有3到5个化石属，归类于2亚科2族2亚族，如下： </p> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9A%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="象亚科（页面不存在）">象亚科</a> Elephantinae <ul><li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原始象属（页面不存在）">原始象属</a> <i>Primelephas</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="象族（页面不存在）">象族</a> Elephantini <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="象亚族（页面不存在）">象亚族</a> Elephantina <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="象屬">象屬</a> <i>Elephas</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲象">亞洲象</a> <i>E. maximus</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E5%85%B0%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="锡兰象">锡兰象</a> <i>E. m. maximus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="婆罗洲象">婆罗洲象</a> <i>E. m. borneensis</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%B1%A1" title="印度象">印度象</a> <i>E. m. indicus</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98%E8%B1%A1" title="蘇門答臘象">苏门答腊象</a> <i>E. m. sumatranus</i></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%9B%E7%8A%B8%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="猛犸象属">猛犸象属</a> <i>Mammuthus</i></li></ul></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%B1%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9A%E6%97%8F" class="mw-redirect" title="古菱齿象亚族">古菱齿象亚族</a> Palaeoloxodontina <ul><li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="古菱齒象屬">古菱齿象属</a> Palaeoloxodon <ul><li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="古棱齒象">古棱齒象</a> <i>P. antiquus</i></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E7%9F%AE%E8%B1%A1" title="歐洲矮象">歐洲矮象</a> <i>P. falconeri</i></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%91%AA%E8%B1%A1" title="納瑪象">納瑪象</a> <i>P. namadicus</i></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%B7%E5%9F%BA%E8%B1%A1" title="雷基象">雷基象</a> <i>P. recki</i></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1%E6%97%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非洲象族（页面不存在）">非洲象族</a> Loxodontini <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="非洲象屬">非洲象屬</a> <i>Loxodonta</i> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲草原象">非洲草原象</a> <i>L. africana</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲森林象">非洲森林象</a> <i>L. cyclotis</i></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9A%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棱齿象亚科（页面不存在）">棱齿象亚科</a> Stegotetrabelodontinae <ul><li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%9C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="稜齒象屬">稜齒象屬</a> <i>Stegotetrabelodon</i></li></ul></li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><i>Stegodibelodon</i>（<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E4%BD%8D%E6%9C%AA%E5%AE%9A" title="地位未定">地位未定</a>，可能属于<a href="/wiki/%E5%B5%8C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="嵌齒象科">嵌齿象科</a> Gomphotheriidae）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="旧分类"><span id=".E6.97.A7.E5.88.86.E7.B1.BB"></span>旧分类</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：旧分类"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>过去，还有一些已灭绝的长鼻目类群被归类于本科，但现在已分入其它的科之中： </p> <ul><li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="劍齒象屬">劍齒象屬</a> <i>Stegodon</i>（现归类于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="劍齒象科">劍齒象科</a> Stegodontidae）</li> <li><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%8A%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脊棱齒象屬（页面不存在）">脊棱齒象屬</a> <i>Stegolophodon</i>（现归类于劍齒象科 Stegodontidae）</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="演化史"><span id=".E6.BC.94.E5.8C.96.E5.8F.B2"></span>演化史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：演化史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg/220px-Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="330" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg/330px-Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg/440px-Asian_elephant_-_melbourne_zoo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1067" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>一头居住於<a href="/wiki/%E5%A2%A8%E5%B0%94%E6%9C%AC" title="墨尔本">墨尔本</a>动物园里的雄性亚洲象</figcaption></figure> <p>亞洲象屬只有一種，也稱作<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%B1%A1" title="印度象">印度象</a>，在古代曾遍及西亞及中國華北、江南一帶，由於人類活動的壓力及氣候變遷，現今僅分佈在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="南亞">南亞</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="東南亞">東南亞</a>一帶。鼻端有一個指狀突起，雌象沒有象牙，即使是雄象也有一半沒有象牙或象牙很小，耳朵比较小、圆，前足有5趾，后足有4趾，共有19对肋骨（其中<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%97%A8%E7%AD%94%E8%85%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="苏门答腊">苏门答腊</a>亚种有20对，但比非洲象少一對），头骨有两个突起，背拱起。性情温和，比较容易驯服。過往可再分4個亞種：印度象、錫蘭象、馬來西亞象及蘇門答臘象。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg/220px-Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg/330px-Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/59/Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg/440px-Serengeti_Elefantenbulle.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>一头<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="坦桑尼亞">坦桑尼亞</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E5%80%AB%E8%93%8B%E8%92%82" title="塞倫蓋蒂">塞倫蓋蒂</a>平原雄性普通非洲象</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_(Loxodonta_cyclotis).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_%28Loxodonta_cyclotis%29.jpg/220px-L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_%28Loxodonta_cyclotis%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="124" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_%28Loxodonta_cyclotis%29.jpg/330px-L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_%28Loxodonta_cyclotis%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_%28Loxodonta_cyclotis%29.jpg/440px-L%27%C3%A9l%C3%A9phant_de_for%C3%AAt_d%27Afrique_%28Loxodonta_cyclotis%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5472" data-file-height="3078" /></a><figcaption>一头位于<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC" title="加蓬">加蓬</a>的雄性非洲森林象</figcaption></figure> <p>非洲象有两种，最常见的是普通非洲象，是現存最大的陆上动物，耳朵大，不论雌雄都有长而弯的象牙，前足有4趾，后足有3趾（趾數比亞洲象少一個），共有21对肋骨，背部平，长达6-7.3米，高达3-4米，重达10吨。性较凶猛，尤其是孤独的雄象更为凶猛，不易驯服。 </p><p>另一种非洲象是濒临灭绝的森林象，个较小，一般不超过2.5米高，耳圆，下颌骨长而窄，前足有5趾，后足有4趾，和亚洲象相同，象牙小而直，质地更硬。最近根据<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0" title="基因">基因</a>分析证实和普通非洲象不是同一种。 </p><p>此外还有几个亚种，<a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A" title="马来西亚">马来西亚</a>有一种亚洲象亚种——<a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E4%BE%8F%E5%84%92%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="婆羅洲侏儒象">婆罗洲侏儒象</a>，體型更小。<a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="纳米比亚">纳米比亚</a>有一种非洲象亚种——<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%99%E6%BC%A0%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沙漠象（页面不存在）">沙漠象</a>，足下肉垫变大，更适应缺水的生活，非常知道节约用水，而且会在沙漠中寻找水源。 </p><p>在古代尚有体形更大的长毛象——<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%9B%E7%8A%B8%E8%B1%A1" title="猛犸象">猛犸象</a>，现在已经灭绝，不过经常在北方<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E4%BC%AF%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A" title="西伯利亚">西伯利亚</a>的冻土地带出土尚冻结的猛犸尸体。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%B4%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%96" title="更新世">更新世</a>時期的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%91%AA%E8%B1%A1" title="納瑪象">納瑪象</a>為最大型的象，同時也是有史以來體型最大的陸生哺乳動物<sup id="cite_ref-Larramendi,_A._2015_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Larramendi,_A._2015-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="習性"><span id=".E7.BF.92.E6.80.A7"></span>習性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：習性"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/220px--Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="66" data-mwtitle="Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.720p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="720p.vp9.webm" data-width="1280" data-height="720" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.1080p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="1080p.vp9.webm" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv" type="video/ogg; codecs="theora, vorbis"" data-width="1920" data-height="1080" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/6/61/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv/Elephant_eating_Yala_Sri_Lanka.ogv.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="亚洲象">亚洲象</a>进食场景</figcaption></figure> <p>大象由于毛少，容易生皮肤病，所以需要经常洗澡或做泥浴，大象的皮很厚，所以才有皱折，皱折纹路深达十几厘米，皮肤浅灰色，由于洗泥浴时看起来好像是泥土的红棕色。大象有着褐色眼睛与长眼毛，有一种罕见的白化象，白象眼睛一般是蓝色。 </p><p>大象的耳朵很大，有丰富的血管以便散热，尾巴不长，顶端有毛刷。 </p><p>大象是草食性动物，一天要有16个小时用来采集食物，它们的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E5%8C%96%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="消化系统">消化系统</a>效率不高，只有40%的食物可以被吸收，一天一只成年象可以吃进30到60千克食物，所以有60%的食物會被排出去。 </p><p>大象每天可以排出接近35千克的<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%9E%E4%BE%BF" title="糞便">糞便</a>，兩天的糞便就足夠把一個成年人浸沒。千萬別站在大象的尾部以防突如其來的糞便弄傷頭部。部份科學家嘗試利用大象的糞便用作燃料，也有部分科學家用作造紙。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephant_(Loxodonta_africana)_mating_ritual_composite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Elephant_%28Loxodonta_africana%29_mating_ritual_composite.jpg/220px-Elephant_%28Loxodonta_africana%29_mating_ritual_composite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Elephant_%28Loxodonta_africana%29_mating_ritual_composite.jpg/330px-Elephant_%28Loxodonta_africana%29_mating_ritual_composite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Elephant_%28Loxodonta_africana%29_mating_ritual_composite.jpg/440px-Elephant_%28Loxodonta_africana%29_mating_ritual_composite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3085" data-file-height="2063" /></a><figcaption>一对<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>的非洲大象正進行交配前的儀式</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG/220px-Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG/330px-Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f5/Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG/440px-Elephant_Berlin_Zoo_having_Sex.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3888" data-file-height="2592" /></a><figcaption>一对位于<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="德國">德國</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97" title="柏林">柏林</a>動物園正以<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="脊柱腹凸" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lordosis behavior"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%84%8A%E6%9F%B1%E8%85%B9%E5%87%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="脊柱腹凸（页面不存在）">脊柱腹凸</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lordosis_behavior" class="extiw" title="en:Lordosis behavior"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lordosis behavior</span></a></span>）</span></span>的方式進行交配的大象</figcaption></figure> <p>大象在正常时每天要走3到6公里去觅食，但迅速奔跑起来也能达到每小时36公里的速度。 </p><p>大象<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A4%E9%85%8D" title="交配">交配</a>並沒有真正<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E8%A1%8C%E7%82%BA" class="mw-redirect" title="性行為">性行為</a>，進行<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%94%E5%85%A7%E5%B0%84%E7%B2%BE" title="體內射精">體內射精</a>。陰莖只在<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B0%E9%81%93%E5%8F%A3" title="陰道口">陰道口</a>射出約3公升的精液，精子必須從陰道口慢慢爬進陰道，最後到達輸卵管與卵子會合，這段路程非常漫長，須歷經2公尺左右。而小象在母象體內孕育18個月後才會分娩出來。每胎只產下一頭小象。 </p><p>大象雖然看起來很溫馴，但牠也跟<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B3%E9%A6%AC" class="mw-redirect" title="河馬">河馬</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%8A%80%E7%89%9B" title="犀牛">犀牛</a>一樣是危險性很高的動物，一旦被激怒了就連獅子和老虎都要閃得遠遠的，大象會以象牙來刺向敵人，還會用長鼻子把敵人捲起來再用力摔下去。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="保育現況"><span id=".E4.BF.9D.E8.82.B2.E7.8F.BE.E6.B3.81"></span>保育現況</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：保育現況"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="狀況"><span id=".E7.8B.80.E6.B3.81"></span>狀況</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：狀況"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r70089473/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:396px;max-width:396px"><div class="trow"><div class="theader">象的分佈圖</div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:207px;max-width:207px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg/205px-African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg.png" decoding="async" width="205" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg/308px-African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg/410px-African_Elephant_distribution_map_without_borders.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1387" data-file-height="1292" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><center>非洲象</center></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:185px;max-width:185px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asian_Elephant_range.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Asian_Elephant_range.png/183px-Asian_Elephant_range.png" decoding="async" width="183" height="191" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/Asian_Elephant_range.png/275px-Asian_Elephant_range.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/41/Asian_Elephant_range.png 2x" data-file-width="290" data-file-height="303" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><center>亞洲象</center></div></div></div></div></div> <p>由於<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲象">非洲象</a>常有混種的情況，若獨立分為兩個（甚至是三個物種）會令混種的保育狀況無法有效反映，因此在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E4%BF%9D%E8%AD%B7%E8%81%AF%E7%9B%9F" title="國際自然保護聯盟">國際自然保護聯盟</a>中暫以單一物種處理——即歸類為<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="普通非洲象">普通非洲象</a>，並於2008年的評核中列為<a href="/wiki/%E6%98%93%E5%8D%B1%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE" title="易危物種">易危物種</a><sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。早在1973年已有針對非洲象的統計，當時的估算為最少一百三十萬頭以上，最多可達3百萬頭。但在1989年的調查中發現僅餘下609,000頭：當中非洲中部有277,000頭，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E9%83%A8%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="東部非洲">東部非洲</a>有110,000頭，<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%83%A8%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="南部非洲">南部非洲</a>有20,400頭及<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%83%A8%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="西部非洲">西部非洲</a>有19,000頭。當中估算僅有214,000頭非洲象生活於雨林內，遠較早前的估算為少。在1977年至1989年間，大象的數目僅在東部已下降了74%；1987年後，大象消失的數目更形惡化，在<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A5%E9%9A%86" class="mw-redirect" title="喀麥隆">喀麥隆</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%A2%E9%A6%AC%E9%87%8C" class="mw-redirect" title="索馬里">索馬里</a>等地的<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%80%9A%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="普通非洲象">普通非洲象</a>數目劇減80%。<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲森林象">非洲森林象</a>的則至少減少了43%，其在非洲南部的數目呈現迥異的情況：在<a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%8A%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="贊比亞">贊比亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B" title="莫桑比克">莫桑比克</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89" title="安哥拉">安哥拉</a>均有小規模的報告指數量正在減少，但在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%9A%E8%8C%A8%E7%93%A6%E7%B4%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="博茨瓦納">博茨瓦納</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E9%9F%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="津巴布韋">津巴布韋</a>等地則有上升的趨勢，而在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>的數目則相對穩定<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。與此不同的是，在2005年至2007年的研究中發現東部及南部非洲的種群數目的年增長率達4%<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。非洲象在每個其活動的國家中均受到一定程度的法例保護，但這些條例僅在<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E6%8A%A4%E5%8C%BA" title="保护区">保護區</a>中才被嚴格執行，而事實上有70%的非洲象活動範圍並不屬於保護區的範圍。一些成功的保育活動令非洲象在部分地區有較高的種群密度。直至2008年，個別地區會採取不同的方法去控制其區域內的大象數目，包括<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%95%E8%82%B2" title="絕育">絕育</a>及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="物種遷移" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Species translocation"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E9%81%B7%E7%A7%BB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物種遷移（页面不存在）">物種遷移</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Species_translocation" class="extiw" title="en:Species translocation"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Species translocation</span></a></span>）</span></span>等方法。大型的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="捕杀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="culling"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8D%95%E6%9D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="捕杀（页面不存在）">捕杀</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/culling" class="extiw" title="en:culling"><span lang="en" dir="auto">culling</span></a></span>）</span></span>活動曾因<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%A5%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E9%9F%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="津巴布韋">津巴布韋</a>拒絕執行而一度於1988年停止進行，但部份地區，如位於南非的<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E7%95%99%E6%A0%BC%E7%88%BE%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92" class="mw-redirect" title="克留格爾國家公園">克留格爾國家公園</a>因未能承受更多的大象而需重新考慮。自1989年起非洲象已列於《<a href="/wiki/%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1%E9%87%8E%E7%94%9F%E5%8B%95%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9%E7%A8%AE%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84" title="瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約">瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約</a>》的附錄I中，表示任何貿易均屬違法，但在部分地區中則列作附錄II中，表示容許有嚴格限制的貿易活動，當中包括博茨瓦納、<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B1%B3%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="納米比亞">納米比亞</a>、津巴布韋及南非。部分地區則容許<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E5%88%A9%E5%93%81%E7%8B%A9%E7%8D%B5" title="戰利品狩獵">战利品狩猎</a>活動，如博茨瓦納、<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%80%E9%BA%A5%E9%9A%86" class="mw-redirect" title="喀麥隆">喀麥隆</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E8%93%AC" title="加蓬">加蓬</a>、莫桑比克、納米比亞、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E" title="南非">南非</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9D%A6%E6%A1%91%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="坦桑尼亞">坦桑尼亞</a>、贊比亞及津巴布韋等地則有許可証明<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>因在過去的60-75年間亞洲象的數目減少了50%，因此在2008年的報告中，國際自然保護聯盟將亞洲象的保護級別列為<a href="/wiki/%E7%80%95%E5%8D%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="瀕危">瀕危</a><sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而《瀕危野生動植物種國際貿易公約》亦將其列在附錄I中<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。亞洲象的分佈範圍一度包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%8D%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="敍利亞">敍利亞</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B" title="伊拉克">伊拉克</a>及中國（包括在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%83%E6%B2%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="黃河">黃河</a>流域附近）<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani174_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani174-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%AA%E5%93%87%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="爪哇島">爪哇島</a>，但目前已在這些地區灭绝<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而在餘下的地區中也是零碎分佈<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani174_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani174-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。亞洲象目前的種群數目估計在4萬至5萬頭，而這只是非常粗略的估算，當中有約一半在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>境內。亞洲象的整體數目有下降趨勢，特別是在東南亞地區，僅在<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E9%AB%98%E6%AD%A2%E5%B1%B1%E8%84%89" title="西高止山脉">西高止山脉</a>等重要保護區內數目有上升趨勢<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="威脅"><span id=".E5.A8.81.E8.84.85"></span>威脅</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：威脅"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%89%99" title="象牙">象牙</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Ivory_trade.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Ivory_trade.jpg/170px-Ivory_trade.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="224" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Ivory_trade.jpg/255px-Ivory_trade.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Ivory_trade.jpg/340px-Ivory_trade.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2832" data-file-height="3730" /></a><figcaption>一群抱著象牙的獵人，攝於1900年坦桑尼亞</figcaption></figure> <p>自古以來因對象牙及其皮肉的覬覦而進行的<a href="/wiki/%E5%81%B7%E7%8D%B5" title="偷獵">偷獵</a>行為皆是對大象存活的威脅的最大原因<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。歷史上，無數文明古國均以象牙作為主要工藝品的原材料，其珍貴程度足以媲美黃金<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani202_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani202-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。象牙貿易亦是在20世紀非洲象數量急劇下降的主要原因<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_4-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並令國際間開始提倡禁止象牙貿易活動。自1989年美國開了先例後，緊接著其他北美國家、西歐及日本等並立例禁止象牙貿易<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani202_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani202-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。當時非洲諸國仍以象牙工藝品作為其國家的象徵，但自從不少先鋒國家，包括<a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9A" title="肯尼亚">肯尼亚</a>總統<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E5%B0%BC%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E6%99%AE%C2%B7%E8%8E%AB%E4%BC%8A" class="mw-redirect" title="丹尼爾·阿拉普·莫伊">丹尼爾·阿拉普·莫伊</a>於1989年將超過12噸的象牙焚燬後，國際上對保護大象的意識才開始大幅提高<sup id="cite_ref-ivory_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ivory-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/CITES" class="mw-redirect" title="CITES">CITES</a>的國際禁令於1990年一月起開始執行<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani202_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani202-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，並導致傳統象牙加工國如中國及印度等出現失業率上升的情況。當年如日本及香港等亦有為數不少從事象牙工藝品的人士，但這些地區很快就適應了有關法規的影響<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani202_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani202-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。津巴布韋、博茨瓦納、納米比亞、贊比亞及<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E6%8B%89%E7%B6%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="馬拉維">馬拉維</a>因表示其所在地的大象種群數目健康而希望繼續進行象牙貿易，但它們只獲准以合理撲殺或死於自然的大象作為象牙來源<sup id="cite_ref-ivory_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ivory-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>禁令使大象得以在非洲地區獲得喘息的機會<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani202_8-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani202-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，但偷獵的行為並沒有完全被制止。在2012年1月，超過650頭位於喀麥隆<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%85%E5%B7%B4%E6%81%A9%E5%90%89%E9%81%94%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="包巴恩吉達國家公園（页面不存在）">包巴恩吉達國家公園</a>的大象在短短六周內被虐殺。根據調查這批備有如<a href="/wiki/AK-47" class="mw-redirect" title="AK-47">AK-47</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%81%AB%E7%AE%AD%E7%82%AE" title="火箭炮">火箭炮</a>等大型軍火的蘇丹獵手（因蘇丹的獵人慣在被害的大象耳朵割下圓形一塊作戰利品）手法殘酷，往往在大象受到數發子彈的射擊後便將活生生的大象象鼻或臉部整個砍下<sup id="cite_ref-ivory_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ivory-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。亞洲象的潛在風險較低，因該地區的雌象較多，而雌象並沒有獠牙。然而，零星的偷獵事件亦曾發生在印度<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B2%9B%E7%B6%A0%E4%BA%9E%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%AC%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="沛綠亞國家公園（页面不存在）">沛綠亞國家公園</a>內<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>其他威脅大象存活的原因還包括<a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%B2%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%B0%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E" title="棲息地破壞">棲息地破壞</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%96%E6%81%AF%E5%9C%B0%E7%BB%86%E7%A2%8E%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="栖息地细碎化">細碎化</a><sup id="cite_ref-IUCN_4-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。由於牠們較其他同區物種需要更大的活動空間，而亞洲象的活動範圍也正在人類密集的地區，因此極易被人類侵害牠們的空間。最極端情況是牠們只能被人類趕到細小島嶼上的森林區域內。此外，由於大象的體積及其食量驚人，因此也不能在農地區域中與人類共存。在這些地區的大象常會無意間踐踏農地並食用農作品而與當地人民發生衝突，令人類與大象均出現傷亡的狀況。如何有效綬解它們之間的衝突是在這些地區開展保育活動的重要課題<sup id="cite_ref-IUCN2_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-IUCN2-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="象與人類的關係"><span id=".E8.B1.A1.E8.88.87.E4.BA.BA.E9.A1.9E.E7.9A.84.E9.97.9C.E4.BF.82"></span>象與人類的關係</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：象與人類的關係"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%88%E9%A4%8A%E5%A4%A7%E8%B1%A1" title="圈養大象">圈養大象</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="戰爭文化"><span id=".E6.88.B0.E7.88.AD.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>戰爭文化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：戰爭文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">参见：<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="戰象">戰象</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%88%91" title="象刑">象刑</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg/220px-Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg/330px-Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bb/Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg/440px-Schlacht_bei_Zama_Gem%C3%A4lde_H_P_Motte.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3762" data-file-height="2440" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AD%E9%A6%AC%E6%88%B0%E5%BD%B9" title="札馬戰役">札馬戰役</a>中，戰象被廣泛使用</figcaption></figure> <p>中外歷史上，戰象都是一種強大的戰力。人類會為牠們披上戰甲以保護兩側較脆弱的部分，其獠牙亦會配上尖銳的金屬以作為臨陣時的武器。除了高速行進以趕退或踐踏敵人外，人類亦會訓練戰象以使牠們在遇到敵軍時將其捲起至其座上士兵的高度，以便他們將敵軍刺斃<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani146_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani146-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。最早的戰象紀錄來自印度史詩<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E8%AF%83%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E5%A4%9A" title="摩诃婆罗多">摩诃婆罗多</a>（一般相信成書於公元前4世紀，但所紀錄的故事多發生在公元前11至8世紀）。在早期戰象並不如馬戰車般普及，直至踏入<a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%8F%AD%E9%99%80%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="摩揭陀王國">摩揭陀王國</a>歷史時，大象的文化影響開始遠高於馬匹，並影響及後的印度皇朝對戰象的廣泛應用：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%A3%E9%99%80%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="難陀王朝">難陀王朝</a>（公元前5至4世紀）至少有3,000頭戰象參與戰事，而到了<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%94%E9%9B%80%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" title="孔雀王朝">孔雀王朝</a>（公元前4至2世紀）期間更多達9,000頭。由<a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%BA%95%E5%88%A9%E8%80%B6" title="考底利耶">考底利耶</a>所撰寫的《<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E4%BA%8B%E8%AE%BA" title="政事论">政事論</a>》中就建議孔雀王朝的在位者保留野生大象生活的森林，以確保有足夠大象可供戰事使用，並處死任何殘害大象生命的人<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。戰象的使用也由南亞擴展到<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="古波斯">古波斯</a><sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani146_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani146-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>及東南亞地區<sup id="cite_ref-SEA_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。古波斯於<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%A5%91%E7%BE%8E%E5%B0%BC%E5%BE%B7%E7%8E%8B%E6%9C%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="阿契美尼德王朝">阿契美尼德王朝</a>（約在公元前6世紀到4世紀）期間廣泛使用戰象<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani146_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani146-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，而東南亞地區則在最早公元前5世紀到20世紀均有使用紀錄<sup id="cite_ref-SEA_12-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SEA-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="亞歷山大大帝">亞歷山大大帝</a>在與波斯及印度作戰期間就曾因进攻印度时就是被他们从没有见过的战象击败了，因此訓練其步兵如何有效傷害大象並令牠們恐懼的方法。<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="托勒密一世">托勒密一世</a>，亞歷山大大帝的部下之一，就在統治埃及時（開始於公元前323年）以亞洲象作為其權力象徵之一。其子及繼任人<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E5%8B%92%E5%AF%86%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96" title="托勒密二世">托勒密二世</a>則在更南的<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%AA%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A" title="努比亚">努比亞</a>地區得到更多的大象。由此開始，戰象成為<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%85%B8%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="古典時代">古典時代</a>地中海以至北非地區多項戰役中的必然存在。當中希臘國王<a href="/wiki/%E7%9A%AE%E6%B4%9B%E5%A3%AB" title="皮洛士">皮洛士</a>便曾向托勒密二世相借20頭戰象以作為恫嚇羅馬戰馬的手段。雖然如此，但由於數量並不顯著，因此最終只能落敗收場。在歐洲，<a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%A6%E5%A4%AA%E5%9F%BA" title="迦太基">迦太基</a>名將<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%A2%E5%B0%BC%E6%8B%94" class="mw-redirect" title="漢尼拔">漢尼拔</a>便曾帶領其戰象跨越<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%8D%91%E6%96%AF%E5%B1%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爾卑斯山">阿爾卑斯山</a>並抵達<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%B3%E8%B0%B7" title="波河河谷">波河河谷</a>。雖然全數戰象都能生還，但及後因感染疾病而被迫屈服放棄<sup id="cite_ref-Shoshani146_10-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Shoshani146-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。據<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%83%E6%9C%9D" title="元朝">元朝</a>史料記載，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BF%BD%E5%BF%85%E7%83%88" title="忽必烈">忽必烈</a>汗在與其弟<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E9%87%8C%E4%B8%8D%E5%93%A5" title="阿里不哥">阿里不哥</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E9%83%BD" title="海都">海都</a>爭戰時，亦曾驅駕白象指揮戰事<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG/330px-%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG" decoding="async" width="330" height="248" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG/495px-%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/18/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG/660px-%E6%B3%B0%E5%9B%BD%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>一只正在进食的雌性亚洲象</figcaption></figure> <p>亚洲象在南亚国家经常被驯服用来使用，用來在交通不便的森林地带搬运木材等。 </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_1" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm/220px--Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="21" data-mwtitle="Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="638" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="638" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/2/2b/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="638" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/2/2b/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm/Exciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><track src="https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/api.php?action=timedtext&title=File%3AExciting_Elephant_Ride_in_Jaipur_at_Amer_Fort.webm&lang=en&trackformat=vtt&origin=%2A" kind="subtitles" type="text/vtt" srclang="en" label="English‪（en）‬" data-dir="ltr" /></video></span><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>的驯象人</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="歷史文化"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>歷史文化</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：歷史文化"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>象在古代中国多是南方邻国进贡的礼品，皇家多驯养象用来在典礼时显示威仪。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%B0%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="泰國">泰國</a>，象是國家象徵。泰國很多<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%81" title="省">府</a>的府徵都有象的圖案。相傳白象為古時泰北的<a href="/wiki/%E8%98%AD%E7%B4%8D" title="蘭納">蘭納</a>王朝帶來幸運，自此成為泰國的國寶。泰國皇室<a href="/wiki/%E5%8B%B3%E7%AB%A0" title="勳章">勳章</a>最高級的是皇家<a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E8%B1%A1%E5%8B%B3%E7%AB%A0" title="白象勳章">白象勳章</a>。 </p><p>在<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%B9%E9%BA%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="丹麥">丹麥</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%96" title="克里斯蒂安一世">克里斯蒂安一世</a>在1478年創立了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%B1%A1%E5%8B%8B%E7%AB%A0" title="大象勋章">大象勳章</a>，是丹麥最高級的勳章，採用大象作為順從、冷靜和虔誠的象徵，1693年由<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%8B%E9%87%8C%E6%96%AF%E8%92%82%E5%AE%89%E4%BA%94%E4%B8%96" title="克里斯蒂安五世">克里斯蒂安五世</a>發展成現在的規製。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="象牙"><span id=".E8.B1.A1.E7.89.99"></span>象牙</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B1%A1&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：象牙"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%89%99" title="象牙">象牙</a></div> <p>由于象牙可以制造珍贵的工艺品，象经常遭到偷猎者的袭击，作为大型动物，它的生育周期较长，因此非常容易绝種。另外，非洲象正因為被人們過度獵殺而面臨絕種的危機。目前各国为保护大象已经禁止象牙交易。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中国">中国</a>的法律也已经禁止象牙交易和继续生产象牙制品。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>參考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span 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Elephants: From the Sacred to the Mundane. Gin Ooi, K. (编). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/southeastasiahis00ooik">Southeast Asia: A Historical Encyclopedia, from Angkor Wat to East Timor, Volume 1</a>. 2004: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/southeastasiahis00ooik/page/487">487</a>–89. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/1-57607-770-5" title="Special:网络书源/1-57607-770-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 1-57607-770-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%B1%A1&rft.atitle=Elephants%3A+From+the+Sacred+to+the+Mundane&rft.au=Griffin%2C+B&rft.btitle=Southeast+Asia%3A+A+Historical+Encyclopedia%2C+from+Angkor+Wat+to+East+Timor%2C+Volume+1&rft.date=2004&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=1-57607-770-5&rft.pages=487-89&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsoutheastasiahis00ooik&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query2/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+mn0028%29">Elephants carrying Khubilai Khan's command post in battle</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-09-19</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200915093755/http://lcweb2.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query2/r?frd%2Fcstdy%3A%40field%28DOCID+mn0028%29">存档</a>于2020-09-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E8%B1%A1&rft.btitle=Elephants+carrying+Khubilai+Khan%27s+command+post+in+battle&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Flcweb2.loc.gov%2Fcgi-bin%2Fquery2%2Fr%3Ffrd%252Fcstdy%253A%2540field%2528DOCID%2Bmn0028%2529&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span 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height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/23px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/30px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span> 《<a href="https://zh.wikisource.org/wiki/%E6%AC%BD%E5%AE%9A%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9C%96%E6%9B%B8%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90/%E5%8D%9A%E7%89%A9%E5%BD%99%E7%B7%A8/%E7%A6%BD%E8%9F%B2%E5%85%B8/%E8%B1%A1%E9%83%A8#象" class="extiw" title="s:欽定古今圖書集成/博物彙編/禽蟲典/象部">欽定古今圖書集成·博物彙編·禽蟲典·象部</a>》，出自<a href="/wiki/%E9%99%88%E6%A2%A6%E9%9B%B7" title="陈梦雷">陈梦雷</a>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%8A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%9B%86%E6%88%90" title="古今图书集成">古今圖書集成</a>》</dd></dl> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82655521">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:#f9f9f9;display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output 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typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/40px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/60px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Wiktionary-logo.svg/80px-Wiktionary-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="370" data-file-height="350" /></span></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">查看<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%9F%BA%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8" title="维基词典">维基词典</a>中的词条「<b><a href="https://zh.wiktionary.org/wiki/%E8%B1%A1" class="extiw" title="wikt:象">象</a></b>」。</div></div> </div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655521"><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox" style="font-size:small;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r82655520"> <div 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href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E9%95%B7%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:長鼻目"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="长鼻目（包括現存屬和滅絕屬）" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a>（包括現存屬和滅絕屬）</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="*_界：動物界_*_門：脊索動物門_*_綱：哺乳綱_*_下綱：真獸下綱_*_總目：非洲獸總目" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><span style="font-weight:normal;"><small> <ul><li>界：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="动物">動物界</a></li> <li>門：<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊索动物">脊索動物門</a></li> <li>綱：<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物">哺乳綱</a></li> <li>下綱：<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%8D%B8%E4%B8%8B%E7%B6%B1" title="真獸下綱">真獸下綱</a></li> <li>總目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E7%8D%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="非洲獸總目">非洲獸總目</a></li></ul> </small></span></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="非洲獸總目" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E7%8D%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="非洲獸總目">非洲獸總目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>參見 <a href="/wiki/Template:%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E7%8D%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="Template:非洲獸總目">非洲獸總目</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="近蹄類" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E8%B9%84%E9%A1%9E" title="近蹄類">近蹄類</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>參見 <a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%BF%91%E8%B9%84%E9%A1%9E" title="Template:近蹄類">近蹄類</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><ul><li>見下文↓</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#ddddff;font-size:115%"><div><b><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="長鼻目" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">長<br />鼻<br />目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E7%8D%B8%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="古獸象屬">古獸象屬</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/%E5%A7%8B%E7%A5%96%E8%B1%A1" title="始祖象">始祖象屬</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%9B%A7%E5%A7%86%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC" title="薩盧姆獸屬">萨洛米亚兽属</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E8%BF%91%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%AE" title="近象亞目">近象亞目</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="努米底亞獸科" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Numidotheriidae"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E7%B1%B3%E5%BA%95%E4%BA%9E%E7%8D%B8%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="努米底亞獸科（页面不存在）">努米底亞獸科</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numidotheriidae" class="extiw" title="en:Numidotheriidae"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Numidotheriidae</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%B7%E7%81%B0%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC" title="磷灰獸屬">磷灰獸屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%A7%98%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC" title="神秘獸屬">神秘獸屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="道維獸屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Daouitherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%93%E7%B6%AD%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="道維獸屬（页面不存在）">道維獸屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daouitherium" class="extiw" title="en:Daouitherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Daouitherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="努米底亞獸屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Numidotherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%AA%E7%B1%B3%E5%BA%95%E4%BA%9E%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="努米底亞獸屬（页面不存在）">努米底亞獸屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Numidotherium" class="extiw" title="en:Numidotherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Numidotherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%8D%E7%8D%B8%E7%A7%91" title="鈍獸科">鈍獸科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿曼獸屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Omanitherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%9B%BC%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿曼獸屬（页面不存在）">阿曼獸屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Omanitherium" class="extiw" title="en:Omanitherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Omanitherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%88%8D%E7%8D%B8%E5%B1%AC" title="鈍獸屬">鈍獸屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="恐象科" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Deinotheriidae"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%81%90%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="恐象科（页面不存在）">恐象科</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deinotheriidae" class="extiw" title="en:Deinotheriidae"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Deinotheriidae</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%87%E7%88%BE%E5%8A%A0%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="奇爾加象屬">奇爾加象屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="原恐象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Prodeinotherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E6%81%90%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原恐象屬（页面不存在）">原恐象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prodeinotherium" class="extiw" title="en:Prodeinotherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Prodeinotherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%81%90%E8%B1%A1" title="恐象">恐象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%BA%9E%E7%9B%AE" title="象形亞目">象<br />形<br />亞<br />目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Dagbatitherium" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dagbatitherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dagbatitherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dagbatitherium（页面不存在）">Dagbatitherium</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dagbatitherium" class="extiw" title="en:Dagbatitherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dagbatitherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>†<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="厄利垂亞象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eritreum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%84%E5%88%A9%E5%9E%82%E4%BA%9E%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="厄利垂亞象屬（页面不存在）">厄利垂亞象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritreum" class="extiw" title="en:Eritreum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eritreum</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="半乳齒象屬">半乳齒象屬</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1" title="古乳齒象">古乳齒象屬</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%B8%E6%96%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="漸新象">漸新象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%BD%A2%E4%B8%8B%E7%9B%AE" title="象形下目">象<br />形<br />下<br />目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="†乳齒象科" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="乳齒象科">乳齒象科</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="洛斯達克象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Losodokodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B4%9B%E6%96%AF%E9%81%94%E5%85%8B%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="洛斯達克象屬（页面不存在）">洛斯達克象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Losodokodon" class="extiw" title="en:Losodokodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Losodokodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="始軛齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eozygodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A7%8B%E8%BB%9B%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="始軛齒象屬（页面不存在）">始軛齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eozygodon" class="extiw" title="en:Eozygodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eozygodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軛齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Zygolophodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%AD%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E" title="轭齿象属">軛齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zygolophodon" class="extiw" title="en:Zygolophodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Zygolophodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中國乳齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sinomammut"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國乳齒象屬（页面不存在）">中國乳齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinomammut" class="extiw" title="en:Sinomammut"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sinomammut</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中乳齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Miomastodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中乳齒象屬（页面不存在）">中乳齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miomastodon" class="extiw" title="en:Miomastodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Miomastodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E" title="乳齿象属">乳齒象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B0%8F%E7%9B%AE" title="象小目">象<br />小<br />目</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%95%E8%84%8A%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="豕脊齿象科">豕脊齒象科</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非洲豕齿象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Afrochoerodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%95%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非洲豕齿象屬（页面不存在）">非洲豕齿象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afrochoerodon" class="extiw" title="en:Afrochoerodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Afrochoerodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%95%E8%84%8A%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1" title="豕脊齿象">豕脊齒象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%9F%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="鏟齒象科">鏟齒象科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="非洲乳齒象屬" data-lang-code="it" data-lang-name="義大利語" data-foreign-title="Afromastodon coppensi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="非洲乳齒象屬（页面不存在）">非洲乳齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">義大利語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Afromastodon_coppensi" class="extiw" title="it:Afromastodon coppensi"><span lang="it" dir="auto">Afromastodon coppensi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="原嵌齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Progomphotherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%B5%8C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原嵌齒象屬（页面不存在）">原嵌齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progomphotherium" class="extiw" title="en:Progomphotherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Progomphotherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="寬齒象屬" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Eurybelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%AF%AC%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="寬齒象屬（页面不存在）">寬齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eurybelodon" class="extiw" title="de:Eurybelodon"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Eurybelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Serbelodon" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Serbelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Serbelodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Serbelodon（页面不存在）">Serbelodon</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Serbelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Serbelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Serbelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古鏟齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Archaeobelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E9%8F%9F%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古鏟齒象屬（页面不存在）">古鏟齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Archaeobelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Archaeobelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Archaeobelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="原互棱齒象屬" data-lang-code="it" data-lang-name="義大利語" data-foreign-title="Protanancus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E4%BA%92%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原互棱齒象屬（页面不存在）">原互棱齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">義大利語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protanancus" class="extiw" title="it:Protanancus"><span lang="it" dir="auto">Protanancus</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="板齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Amebelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9D%BF%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="板齒象屬（页面不存在）">板齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amebelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Amebelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Amebelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="柱鏟齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Konobelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9F%B1%E9%8F%9F%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="柱鏟齒象屬（页面不存在）">柱鏟齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konobelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Konobelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Konobelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="邊脊鏟齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Torynobelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%82%8A%E8%84%8A%E9%8F%9F%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="邊脊鏟齒象屬（页面不存在）">邊脊鏟齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Torynobelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Torynobelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Torynobelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="隱齒象屬" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Aphanobelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%9A%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="隱齒象屬（页面不存在）">隱齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aphanobelodon" class="extiw" title="de:Aphanobelodon"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Aphanobelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%B2%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1" title="铲齿象">鏟齒象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%B5%8C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="嵌齒象科">嵌齒象科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B5%8C%E9%BD%BF%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E" title="嵌齿象属">嵌齒象屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="頜鏟象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Gnathabelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A0%9C%E9%8F%9F%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="頜鏟象屬（页面不存在）">頜鏟象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gnathabelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Gnathabelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Gnathabelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Eubelodon" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eubelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eubelodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eubelodon（页面不存在）">Eubelodon</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eubelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Eubelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eubelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1" title="劍乳齒象">劍乳齒象屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中華乳齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Sinomastodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中華乳齒象屬（页面不存在）">中華乳齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sinomastodon" class="extiw" title="en:Sinomastodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Sinomastodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南方乳齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Notiomastodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E6%96%B9%E4%B9%B3%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南方乳齒象屬（页面不存在）">南方乳齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Notiomastodon" class="extiw" title="en:Notiomastodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Notiomastodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="垂吻象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Rhynchotherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9E%82%E5%90%BB%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="垂吻象屬（页面不存在）">垂吻象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhynchotherium" class="extiw" title="en:Rhynchotherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Rhynchotherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B1%85%E7%B6%AD%E8%B1%A1" title="居維象">居維象屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布蘭科象屬" data-lang-code="it" data-lang-name="義大利語" data-foreign-title="Blancotherium buckneri"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E8%98%AD%E7%A7%91%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布蘭科象屬（页面不存在）">布蘭科象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">義大利語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blancotherium_buckneri" class="extiw" title="it:Blancotherium buckneri"><span lang="it" dir="auto">Blancotherium buckneri</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E7%B8%BD%E7%A7%91" title="象總科">象<br />總<br />科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="互棱齒象科">互棱齒象科</a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="互棱齒象屬">互棱齒象屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Morrillia" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Morrillia"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Morrillia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Morrillia（页面不存在）">Morrillia</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morrillia" class="extiw" title="en:Morrillia"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Morrillia</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="副四稜齒象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Paratetralophodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%89%AF%E5%9B%9B%E7%A8%9C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="副四稜齒象屬（页面不存在）">副四稜齒象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paratetralophodon" class="extiw" title="en:Paratetralophodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Paratetralophodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Pediolophodon" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pediolophodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pediolophodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pediolophodon（页面不存在）">Pediolophodon</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pediolophodon" class="extiw" title="en:Pediolophodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pediolophodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E7%A8%9C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="四稜齒象屬">四稜齒象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="劍齒象科">劍齒象科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%A8%9C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="脊稜齒象屬">脊稜齒象屬</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%8D%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="劍齒象屬">劍齒象屬</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">象科</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="nowrap"><span title="絕滅"><span style="font-style:normal;"><span style="font-weight:normal;">†</span></span></span><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="棱齒象亞科" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stegotetrabelodontinae"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A3%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E4%BA%9E%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="棱齒象亞科（页面不存在）">棱齒象亞科</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegotetrabelodontinae" class="extiw" title="en:Stegotetrabelodontinae"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stegotetrabelodontinae</span></a></span>）</span></span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Stegodibelodon" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Stegodibelodon"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stegodibelodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Stegodibelodon（页面不存在）">Stegodibelodon</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stegodibelodon" class="extiw" title="en:Stegodibelodon"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Stegodibelodon</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%9C%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="稜齒象屬">稜齒象屬</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Selenotherium" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Selenotherium"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selenotherium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selenotherium（页面不存在）">Selenotherium</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Selenotherium" class="extiw" title="en:Selenotherium"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Selenotherium</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">象亞科</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li>†<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="原始象屬" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Primelephas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8E%9F%E5%A7%8B%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="原始象屬（页面不存在）">原始象屬</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Primelephas" class="extiw" title="en:Primelephas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Primelephas</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲象">非洲象屬</a></li> <li>†<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E8%8F%B1%E9%BD%92%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%AC" title="古菱齒象屬">古菱齒象屬</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap">†<a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%9B%E7%8A%B8%E8%B1%A1" title="猛犸象">猛獁象屬</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E" title="象属">象屬</a></li> <li>†<a href="/w/index.php?title=Phanagoroloxodon&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Phanagoroloxodon（页面不存在）">Phanagoroloxodon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="1" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gomphotherium_NT_small_(flipped).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Gomphotherium angustidens"><img alt="Gomphotherium angustidens" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gomphotherium_NT_small_%28flipped%29.jpg/140px-Gomphotherium_NT_small_%28flipped%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="105" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gomphotherium_NT_small_%28flipped%29.jpg/210px-Gomphotherium_NT_small_%28flipped%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Gomphotherium_NT_small_%28flipped%29.jpg/280px-Gomphotherium_NT_small_%28flipped%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="450" /></a></span> <p><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Cuvieronius hyodon"><img alt="Cuvieronius hyodon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg/140px-Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="86" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg/210px-Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg/280px-Cuvieronius_hyodon2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4316" data-file-height="2666" /></a></span> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Mammuthus columbi"><img alt="Mammuthus columbi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg/140px-Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg" decoding="async" width="140" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg/210px-Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d8/Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg/280px-Archidiskodon_imperator121.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2480" data-file-height="2014" /></a></span> </p> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:African_elephant_(PSF).png" class="mw-file-description" title="Loxodonta"><img alt="Loxodonta" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/140px-African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png" decoding="async" width="140" height="112" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/210px-African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png/280px-African_elephant_%28PSF%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2154" data-file-height="1718" /></a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="現存长鼻目物種" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="Template:象科"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:象科（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E8%B1%A1%E7%A7%91" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:象科"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="現存长鼻目物種" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em">現存<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a>物種</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>界：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="动物">動物界</a></li> <li>門：<a href="/wiki/%E8%84%8A%E7%B4%A2%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="脊索动物">脊索動物門</a></li> <li>綱：<a href="/wiki/%E5%93%BA%E4%B9%B3%E5%8A%A8%E7%89%A9" title="哺乳动物">哺乳綱</a></li> <li>下綱：<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%8D%B8%E4%B8%8B%E7%B6%B1" title="真獸下綱">真獸下綱</a></li> <li>總目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E7%8D%B8%E7%B8%BD%E7%9B%AE" title="非洲獸總目">非洲獸總目</a></li> <li>目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%95%BF%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="长鼻目">长鼻目</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a class="mw-selflink selflink"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">象科<br />Elephantidae</div></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;height:3em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%A1%E5%B1%9E" title="象属"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">象屬 <i>Elephas</i></div></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="亚洲象">亞洲象 <i>E. maximus</i></a> <ul><li><small><a href="/wiki/%E5%A9%86%E7%BD%97%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="婆罗洲象">婆羅洲象 <i>E. m. borneensis</i></a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E8%B1%A1" title="印度象">印度象 <i>E. m. indicus</i></a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E8%98%AD%E8%B1%A1" title="錫蘭象">錫蘭象 <i>E. m. maximus</i></a></small></li> <li><small><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E9%96%80%E7%AD%94%E8%87%98%E8%B1%A1" title="蘇門答臘象">蘇門答臘象 <i>E. m. sumatranus</i></a></small></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;height:3em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲象"><div class="center" style="width:auto; margin-left:auto; margin-right:auto;">非洲象屬 <i>Loxodonta</i></div></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E8%8D%89%E5%8E%9F%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲草原象">非洲草原象 <i>L. africana</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E8%B1%A1" title="非洲森林象">非洲森林象 <i>L. cyclotis</i></a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/16px-Symbol_question.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/23px-Symbol_question.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Symbol_question.svg/31px-Symbol_question.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%95%B7%E9%BC%BB%E7%9B%AE" title="Category:長鼻目">分類</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="-&#123;zh-cn:规范控制;zh-tw:權威控制;&#125;--&#123;zh-cn:数据库;zh-tw:資料庫&#125;-_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=編輯維基數據鏈接&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;編輯維基數據鏈接" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7378#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, 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href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph430276&CON_LNG=ENG">2</a></span></span></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalog.archives.gov/id/10645540">NARA</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">检索自“<a dir="ltr" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=象&oldid=84730444">https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=象&oldid=84730444</a>”</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" 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