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href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poundal" title="Poundal – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Poundal" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%84" title="پوندال – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="پوندال" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poundal" title="Poundal – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Poundal" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%91%E3%82%A6%E3%83%B3%E3%83%80%E3%83%AB" title="パウンダル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="パウンダル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poundal" title="Poundal – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Poundal" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poundal" title="Poundal – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Poundal" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a 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data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-unit"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">poundal</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/System_of_units_of_measurement" title="System of units of measurement">Unit system</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Absolute_English_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute English System">Absolute English System</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Unit of</th><td class="infobox-data">Force</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Symbol</th><td class="infobox-data">pdl</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Conversions </th></tr><tr class="nowrap"><td>1 pdl <i>in ...</i></td><td><i>... is equal to ...</i></td></tr><tr style="display:none"><th colspan="2"> </th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">   </span>AE base units</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">   </span>1 lb⋅ft/s<sup>2</sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">   </span>SI units</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">   </span>0.1382550 N</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">   </span>CGS units</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">   </span>13,825.50 dyn</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">   </span><a href="/wiki/British_Gravitational_System" class="mw-redirect" title="British Gravitational System">British Gravitational System</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="nowrap">   </span>0.03108095 lbf</td></tr></tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236303919">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-has-images-with-white-backgrounds img{background:white}}</style> <p>The <b>poundal</b> (symbol: <b>pdl</b>) is a <a href="/wiki/Units_of_measurement" class="mw-redirect" title="Units of measurement">unit</a> of <a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">force</a>, introduced in 1877, that is part of the <a href="/wiki/Absolute_English" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute English">Absolute English</a> system of units, which itself is a <a href="/wiki/Coherence_(units_of_measurement)" title="Coherence (units of measurement)">coherent</a> subsystem of the <a href="/wiki/Foot%E2%80%93pound%E2%80%93second_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Foot–pound–second system">foot–pound–second system</a>. </p> <dl><dd><span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-inline mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 1\,{\text{pdl}}=1\,{\text{lb}}{\cdot }{\text{ft}}/{\text{s}}^{2}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>pdl</mtext> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>lb</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>⋅</mo> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>ft</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mo>/</mo> </mrow> <msup> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>s</mtext> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 1\,{\text{pdl}}=1\,{\text{lb}}{\cdot }{\text{ft}}/{\text{s}}^{2}}</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/95810dacbca5e521242b6e482aadde36729b8a9d" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.838ex; width:16.765ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 1\,{\text{pdl}}=1\,{\text{lb}}{\cdot }{\text{ft}}/{\text{s}}^{2}}"></span></dd></dl> <p>The poundal is defined as the force necessary to accelerate 1 <a href="/wiki/Pound-mass" class="mw-redirect" title="Pound-mass">pound-mass</a> at 1 foot per second squared.<sup id="cite_ref-cardarelli_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cardarelli-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup class="reference nowrap"><span title="Page / location: 54">: 54 </span></sup> 1 pdl = <span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999138254954376000♠"></span>0.138<span style="margin-left:.25em;">254</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">954</span><span style="margin-left:.25em;">376</span> <a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">N</a></span> exactly. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poundal&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>English units require re-scaling of either force or mass to eliminate a numerical proportionality constant in the equation <i>F = ma</i>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (August 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The poundal represents one choice, which is to rescale units of force. Since a pound of <i>force</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pound_force" class="mw-redirect" title="Pound force">pound force</a>) accelerates a pound of <i>mass</i> (<a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">pound mass</a>) at 32.174 049 ft/s<sup>2</sup> (9.80665 m/s<sup>2</sup>; the <a href="/wiki/Standard_gravity" title="Standard gravity">acceleration of gravity</a>, <i>g</i>), we can scale down the unit of force to compensate, giving us one that accelerates 1 pound mass at 1 ft/s<sup>2</sup> rather than at 32.174 049 ft/s<sup>2</sup>; and that is the poundal, which is approximately <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac"><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">32</span></span> pound force. </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Three approaches to units of mass and force or weight<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:GravEngAbs" title="Template:GravEngAbs"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:GravEngAbs" title="Template talk:GravEngAbs"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:GravEngAbs" title="Special:EditPage/Template:GravEngAbs"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> Base </th> <th colspan="2" title="force, length, time: gravitational or technical">Force </th> <th colspan="2" title="weight, length, time: engineering">Weight </th> <th colspan="4" title="mass, length, time: absolute or dynamical">Mass </th></tr> <tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Newton%27s_laws_of_motion" title="Newton's laws of motion">2nd law of motion</a> </th> <th colspan="2"><span class="texhtml"><i>m</i> = <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214402035">.mw-parser-output .sfrac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .sfrac.tion,.mw-parser-output .sfrac .tion{display:inline-block;vertical-align:-0.5em;font-size:85%;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .num{display:block;line-height:1em;margin:0.0em 0.1em;border-bottom:1px solid}.mw-parser-output .sfrac .den{display:block;line-height:1em;margin:0.1em 0.1em}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num"><i>F</i></span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den"><i>a</i></span></span>⁠</span></span> </th> <th colspan="2"><span class="texhtml"><i>F</i> = <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1214402035"><span class="sfrac">⁠<span class="tion"><span class="num"><i>W</i> ⋅ <i>a</i></span><span class="sr-only">/</span><span class="den"><i>g</i></span></span>⁠</span></span> </th> <th colspan="4"><span class="texhtml"><i>F</i> = <i>m</i> ⋅ <i>a</i></span> </th></tr> <tr> <th>System </th> <th width="14%"><a href="/wiki/British_Gravitational_System" class="mw-redirect" title="British Gravitational System">BG</a></th> <th width="14%"><a href="/wiki/Gravitational_metric_system" title="Gravitational metric system">GM</a> </th> <th width="14%"><a href="/wiki/English_Engineering_Units" title="English Engineering Units">EE</a></th> <th width="14%"><a href="/wiki/Metric_system" title="Metric system">M</a> </th> <th width="7%"><a href="/wiki/Absolute_English_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Absolute English System">AE</a></th> <th width="7%"><a href="/wiki/Centimetre%E2%80%93gram%E2%80%93second_system_of_units" title="Centimetre–gram–second system of units">CGS</a></th> <th width="7%"><a href="/wiki/Metre%E2%80%93tonne%E2%80%93second_system_of_units" title="Metre–tonne–second system of units">MTS</a></th> <th width="7%"><a href="/wiki/International_System_of_Units" title="International System of Units">SI</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Acceleration" title="Acceleration">Acceleration</a> (<i>a</i>) </th> <td>ft/s<sup>2</sup></td> <td>m/s<sup>2</sup> </td> <td>ft/s<sup>2</sup></td> <td>m/s<sup>2</sup> </td> <td>ft/s<sup>2</sup></td> <td title="gal, centimeter per second squared"><a href="/wiki/Gal_(unit)" title="Gal (unit)">Gal</a></td> <td>m/s<sup>2</sup></td> <td>m/s<sup>2</sup> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Mass" title="Mass">Mass</a> (<i>m</i>) </th> <td title="slug"><a href="/wiki/Slug_(unit)" title="Slug (unit)">slug</a></td> <td title="hyl, also called “metric slug” or “TME”"><a href="/wiki/Hyl_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyl (unit)">hyl</a> </td> <td title="pound-mass (lbm)">pound-mass</td> <td title="kilogram, sometimes kilogram-mass (kgm)">kilogram </td> <td title="pound (mass)"><a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">pound</a></td> <td title="gram"><a href="/wiki/Gram" title="Gram">gram</a></td> <td title="ton(ne)"><a href="/wiki/Tonne" title="Tonne">tonne</a></td> <td title="kilogram"><a href="/wiki/Kilogram" title="Kilogram">kilogram</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Force" title="Force">Force</a> (<i>F</i>),<br /> <a href="/wiki/Weight" title="Weight">weight</a> (<i>W</i>) </th> <td title="pound (force)"><a href="/wiki/Pound_(force)" title="Pound (force)">pound</a></td> <td title="kilopond, also called “kilogram-force” (kgf) in English"><a href="/wiki/Kilopond" class="mw-redirect" title="Kilopond">kilopond</a> </td> <td title="pound-force (lbf)">pound-force</td> <td title="kilopond (kp), sometimes kilogram-force (kgf)">kilopond </td> <td title="poundal"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">poundal</a></td> <td title="dyne"><a href="/wiki/Dyne" title="Dyne">dyne</a></td> <td title="sthène"><a href="/wiki/Sth%C3%A8ne" title="Sthène">sthène</a></td> <td title="newton"><a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">newton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><a href="/wiki/Pressure" title="Pressure">Pressure</a> (<i>p</i>) </th> <td title="pound per square inch (psi)"><a href="/wiki/Pound_per_square_inch" title="Pound per square inch">pound per square inch</a></td> <td title="technical atmosphere"><a href="/wiki/Technical_atmosphere" class="mw-redirect" title="Technical atmosphere">technical atmosphere</a> </td> <td title="pound-force per square inch"><a href="/wiki/Pound_per_square_inch" title="Pound per square inch">pound-force per square inch</a></td> <td title="standard atmosphere"><a href="/wiki/Standard_atmosphere_(unit)" title="Standard atmosphere (unit)">standard atmosphere</a> </td> <td title="poundal per square foot">poundal per square foot</td> <td title="barye"><a href="/wiki/Barye" title="Barye">barye</a></td> <td title="pieze"><a href="/wiki/Pieze" class="mw-redirect" title="Pieze">pieze</a></td> <td title="pascal"><a href="/wiki/Pascal_(unit)" title="Pascal (unit)">pascal</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>For example, a force of 1200 poundals is required to accelerate a person of 150 pounds mass at 8 feet per second squared: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {150~lb\times 8~{\frac {ft}{s^{2}}}=1200~pdl} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>150</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mn>8</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>1200</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">p</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">d</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {150~lb\times 8~{\frac {ft}{s^{2}}}=1200~pdl} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/18d40020ecce87d143ba93f8223a0a3c8077faef" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:24.958ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {150~lb\times 8~{\frac {ft}{s^{2}}}=1200~pdl} }"></span> </p><p>The poundal-as-force, pound-as-mass system is contrasted with an alternative system in which pounds are used as <i>force</i> (pounds-force), and instead, the <i>mass</i> unit is rescaled by a factor of roughly 32. That is, one pound-force will accelerate one pound-mass at 32 feet per second squared; we can scale <i>up</i> the unit of <i>mass</i> to compensate, which will be accelerated by 1 ft/s<sup>2</sup> (rather than 32 ft/s<sup>2</sup>) given the application of one pound force; this gives us a unit of mass called the <a href="/wiki/Slug_(unit)" title="Slug (unit)">slug</a>, which is about 32 pounds mass. Using this system (slugs and pounds-force), the above expression could be expressed as: <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {4.66~slug\times 8~{\frac {ft}{s^{2}}}=37.3~lbf} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4.66</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">u</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">g</mi> <mo>×</mo> <mn>8</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mfrac> <mrow> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">t</mi> </mrow> <msup> <mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> </msup> </mfrac> </mrow> <mo>=</mo> <mn>37.3</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {4.66~slug\times 8~{\frac {ft}{s^{2}}}=37.3~lbf} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/29406aa55d5dd34a4c0aa98001ed0390816d0238" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -2.171ex; width:26.741ex; height:5.676ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {4.66~slug\times 8~{\frac {ft}{s^{2}}}=37.3~lbf} }"></span> </p><p>Note: Slugs (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7001145939031384061♠"></span>32.174<span style="margin-left:.25em;">049</span> lb</span>) and poundals (1/<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7002143117300212250♠"></span>32.174<span style="margin-left:.25em;">049</span> <span title="pound-force">lb<sub>F</sub></span> </span>) are never used in the same system, since they are opposite solutions of the same problem. </p><p>Rather than changing either force or mass units, one may choose to express acceleration in units of the <a href="/wiki/Standard_gravity" title="Standard gravity">acceleration due to Earth's gravity</a> (called <i>g</i>). In this case, we can keep both pounds-mass and pounds-force, such that applying one pound force to one pound mass accelerates it at one unit of acceleration (<i>g</i>): <span class="mwe-math-element"><span class="mwe-math-mathml-display mwe-math-mathml-a11y" style="display: none;"><math display="block" xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle 150~\mathrm {lb} \cdot 0.249g=37.3~\mathrm {lbf} }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mn>150</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> </mrow> <mo>⋅</mo> <mn>0.249</mn> <mi>g</mi> <mo>=</mo> <mn>37.3</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mi mathvariant="normal">l</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">b</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">f</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle 150~\mathrm {lb} \cdot 0.249g=37.3~\mathrm {lbf} }</annotation> </semantics> </math></span><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/ca4e6acf2b593f1f95624b9daa42bf0f5cbca4dd" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-display mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -0.671ex; width:24.717ex; height:2.509ex;" alt="{\displaystyle 150~\mathrm {lb} \cdot 0.249g=37.3~\mathrm {lbf} }"></span> </p><p>Expressions derived using poundals for force and lb for mass (or lbf for force and slugs for mass) have the advantage of not being tied to conditions on the surface of the earth. Specifically, computing <span class="nowrap"><i>F</i> = <i>ma</i></span> on the moon or in deep space as poundals, lb⋅ft/s<sup>2</sup> or <span class="nowrap">lbf = slug⋅ft/s<sup>2</sup>,</span> avoids the constant tied to acceleration of gravity on earth. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conversion">Conversion</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poundal&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Conversion"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Units of force </caption> <tbody><tr> <th scope="col"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Units_of_force" title="Template:Units of force"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Units_of_force" title="Template talk:Units of force"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Units_of_force" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Units of force"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Newton_(unit)" title="Newton (unit)">newton</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Dyne" title="Dyne">dyne</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Kilogram-force" title="Kilogram-force">kilogram-force</a>, <br />kilopond </th> <th scope="col"><a href="/wiki/Pound_(force)" title="Pound (force)">pound-force</a> </th> <th scope="col"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">poundal</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1<span class="nowrap"> </span>N </th> <td>≡<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠"></span>1 kg⋅m/s<sup>2</sup></span> </td> <td>=<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠"></span>10<sup>5</sup> dyn</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999999984100500000♠"></span>0.101<span style="margin-left:.25em;">97</span> kp</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000470132671♠"></span>0.224<span style="margin-left:.25em;">81</span> <span title="pound-force">lb<sub>F</sub></span> </span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999999998085001607♠"></span>7.2330 pdl</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1<span class="nowrap"> </span>dyn </th> <td>=<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6995100000000000000♠"></span>10<sup>−5</sup> N</span> </td> <td>≡<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠"></span>1 g⋅cm/s<sup>2</sup></span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994999984100499999♠"></span>1.0197<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup> kp</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6995100000470132671♠"></span>2.2481<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−6</sup> <span title="pound-force">lb<sub>F</sub></span> </span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6994999998085001608♠"></span>7.2330<span style="margin-left:0.25em;margin-right:0.15em;">×</span>10<sup>−5</sup> pdl</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1<span class="nowrap"> </span>kp </th> <td>=<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000980665000000000♠"></span>9.806<span style="margin-left:.25em;">65</span> N</span> </td> <td>=<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000980665000000000♠"></span>980<span style="margin-left:.25em;">665</span> dyn</span> </td> <td>≡<span class="nowrap"> </span><i>g</i><sub>n</sub><span class="nowrap"> </span>×<span class="nowrap"> </span>1<span class="nowrap"> </span>kg </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000980654937300329♠"></span>2.2046 <span title="pound-force">lb<sub>F</sub></span> </span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000980670042379843♠"></span>70.932 pdl</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row"><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000444822161526049♠"></span>1 <span title="pound-force">lb<sub>F</sub></span> </span> </th> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000444822200000000♠"></span>4.448<span style="margin-left:.25em;">222</span> N</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000444822000000000♠"></span>444<span style="margin-left:.25em;">822</span> dyn</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000444819837349999♠"></span>0.453<span style="margin-left:.25em;">59</span> kp</span> </td> <td>≡<span class="nowrap"> </span><i>g</i><sub>n</sub><span class="nowrap"> </span>×<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠"></span>1 <a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">lb</a></span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000444821490209342♠"></span>32.174 pdl</span> </td></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">1<span class="nowrap"> </span>pdl </th> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999138254999999999♠"></span>0.138<span style="margin-left:.25em;">255</span> N</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999138250000000000♠"></span>13<span style="margin-left:.25em;">825</span> dyn</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999138254151700000♠"></span>0.014<span style="margin-left:.25em;">098</span> kp</span> </td> <td>≈<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="6999138255176023911♠"></span>0.031<span style="margin-left:.25em;">081</span> <span title="pound-force">lb<sub>F</sub></span> </span> </td> <td>≡<span class="nowrap"> </span><span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000100000000000000♠"></span>1 lb⋅<a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">ft</a>/s<sup>2</sup></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="6">The value of <a href="/wiki/Standard_gravity" title="Standard gravity"><i>g</i><sub>n</sub></a> (<span class="nowrap"><span data-sort-value="7000980665000000000♠"></span>9.806<span style="margin-left:.25em;">65</span> m/s<sup>2</sup></span>) as used in the official definition of the kilogram-force is used here for all gravitational units. </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poundal&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Slug_(unit)" title="Slug (unit)">Slug (unit)</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Poundal&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Obert, Edward F., “Thermodynamics”, McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc., New York 1948; Chapter I, Survey of Dimensions and Units, pages 1–24.</li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-cardarelli-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-cardarelli_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFCardarelli2003" class="citation cs2">Cardarelli, François (2003), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediaofs0000card/page/51">"The Foot–Pound–Second (FPS) System"</a>, <i>Encyclopaedia of Scientific Units, Weights and Measures: Their SI Equivalences and Origins</i>, Springer, pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/encyclopaediaofs0000card/page/51">51–55</a>, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-85233-682-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-85233-682-0"><bdi>978-1-85233-682-0</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Foot%E2%80%93Pound%E2%80%93Second+%28FPS%29+System&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+of+Scientific+Units%2C+Weights+and+Measures%3A+Their+SI+Equivalences+and+Origins&rft.pages=51-55&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-1-85233-682-0&rft.aulast=Cardarelli&rft.aufirst=Fran%C3%A7ois&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fencyclopaediaofs0000card%2Fpage%2F51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoundal" class="Z3988"></span>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFComings1940" class="citation journal cs1">Comings, E. W. (1940). "English Engineering Units and Their Dimensions". <i>Industrial & Engineering Chemistry</i>. <b>32</b> (7): 984–987. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fie50367a028">10.1021/ie50367a028</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+%26+Engineering+Chemistry&rft.atitle=English+Engineering+Units+and+Their+Dimensions&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=7&rft.pages=984-987&rft.date=1940&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fie50367a028&rft.aulast=Comings&rft.aufirst=E.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoundal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKlinkenberg1969" class="citation journal cs1">Klinkenberg, Adrian (1969). "The American Engineering System of Units and Its Dimensional Constant g<sub>c</sub>". <i>Industrial & Engineering Chemistry</i>. <b>61</b> (4): 53–59. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1021%2Fie50712a010">10.1021/ie50712a010</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Industrial+%26+Engineering+Chemistry&rft.atitle=The+American+Engineering+System+of+Units+and+Its+Dimensional+Constant+g%3Csub%3Ec%3C%2Fsub%3E&rft.volume=61&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=53-59&rft.date=1969&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1021%2Fie50712a010&rft.aulast=Klinkenberg&rft.aufirst=Adrian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APoundal" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style 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style="width:1%">Area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Square_inch" title="Square inch">Square inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_foot" title="Square foot">Square foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_yard" title="Square yard">Square yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perch_(area)" class="mw-redirect" title="Perch (area)">Perch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rood_(unit)" title="Rood (unit)">Rood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acre" title="Acre">Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_mile" title="Square mile">Square mile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Volume</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derived</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_inch" title="Cubic inch">Cubic inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_foot" title="Cubic foot">Cubic foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoppus" title="Hoppus">Hoppus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_yard" title="Cubic yard">Cubic yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_mile" title="Cubic mile">Cubic mile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tmcft" title="Tmcft">Tmcft</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cooking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teaspoon" title="Teaspoon">Teaspoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablespoon" title="Tablespoon">Tablespoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluid_ounce" title="Fluid ounce">Fluid ounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cup_(unit)" title="Cup (unit)">Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pint" title="Pint">Pint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quart" title="Quart">Quart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_gallon" title="Trade gallon">Trade gallon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallon" title="Gallon">Gallon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaldron" title="Chaldron">Chaldron</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Minim_(unit)" title="Minim (unit)">Minim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gill_(unit)" title="Gill (unit)">Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Scruple_(unit)" title="Scruple (unit)">Fluid Scruple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dram_(unit)" title="Dram (unit)">Fluid Drachm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peck" title="Peck">Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushel" title="Bushel">Bushel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel_(unit)" title="Barrel (unit)">Barrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stuck_(unit)" title="Stuck (unit)">Stuck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hogshead" title="Hogshead">Hogshead</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">Miles per hour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grain_(unit)" title="Grain (unit)">Grain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dram_(unit)" title="Dram (unit)">Drachm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ounce" title="Ounce">Ounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">Pound (mass)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stone_(unit)" title="Stone (unit)">Stone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quarter_(unit)" title="Quarter (unit)">Quarter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slug_(unit)" title="Slug (unit)">Slug</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_hundred" title="Long hundred">Long hundred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundredweight" title="Hundredweight">Hundredweight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ship_load" title="Ship load">Ship load</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long_Ton" class="mw-redirect" title="Long Ton">Ton</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pressure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ksi_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ksi (unit)">Ksi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pounds_per_square_inch" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds per square inch">Pounds per square inch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other units and measures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_thermal_unit" title="British thermal unit">British thermal unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degree_(angle)" title="Degree (angle)">Degree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">Fahrenheit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rankine_scale" title="Rankine scale">Rankine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot-candle" title="Foot-candle">Foot-candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot-pound_(energy)" title="Foot-pound (energy)">Foot-pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot-poundal" title="Foot-poundal">Foot-poundal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">Horsepower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsepower-hour" title="Horsepower-hour">Horsepower-hour</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kenning_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kenning (unit)">Kenning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_(force)" title="Pound (force)">Pound (force)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound-foot_(torque)" title="Pound-foot (torque)">Pound-foot</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poundal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Span_(unit)" title="Span (unit)">Span</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinning_count" title="Spinning count">Spinning count</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avoirdupois_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Avoirdupois system">Avoirdupois system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_units" title="English units">English units</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Winchester_measure" title="Winchester measure">Winchester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exchequer_Standards" title="Exchequer Standards">Exchequer</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Engineering_units" class="mw-redirect" title="English Engineering units">English Engineering units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot%E2%80%93pound%E2%80%93second_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Foot–pound–second system">Foot–pound–second system (FPS)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twenty-foot_equivalent_unit" title="Twenty-foot equivalent unit">Twenty-foot equivalent unit</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="United_States_customary_units" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:United_States_Customary_Units" title="Template:United States Customary Units"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:United_States_Customary_Units" title="Template talk:United States Customary Units"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:United_States_Customary_Units" title="Special:EditPage/Template:United States Customary Units"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="United_States_customary_units" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/United_States_customary_units" title="United States customary units">United States customary units</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_the_imperial_and_US_customary_measurement_systems" title="Comparison of the imperial and US customary measurement systems">Comparison with imperial unit system</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Length</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Thousandth_of_an_inch" title="Thousandth of an inch">Thousandth of an inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inch" title="Inch">Inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hand_(unit)" title="Hand (unit)">Hand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Link_(unit)" title="Link (unit)">Link</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot_(unit)" title="Foot (unit)">Foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yard" title="Yard">Yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rod_(unit)" title="Rod (unit)">Rod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chain_(unit)" title="Chain (unit)">Chain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Furlong" title="Furlong">Furlong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mile" title="Mile">Mile</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Statute_mile" class="mw-redirect" title="Statute mile">statute</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Area</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Square_inch" title="Square inch">Square inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_foot" title="Square foot">Square foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_yard" title="Square yard">Square yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acre" title="Acre">Acre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Square_mile" title="Square mile">Square mile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Volume</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Derived</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_inch" title="Cubic inch">Cubic inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_foot" title="Cubic foot">Cubic foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_yard" title="Cubic yard">Cubic yard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cubic_mile" title="Cubic mile">Cubic mile</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cooking</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Teaspoon" title="Teaspoon">Teaspoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tablespoon" title="Tablespoon">Tablespoon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fluid_ounce" title="Fluid ounce">Fluid ounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cup_(unit)" title="Cup (unit)">Cup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pint" title="Pint">Pint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quart" title="Quart">Quart</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallon" title="Gallon">Gallon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Wood</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Board_foot" title="Board foot">Board foot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cord_(unit)" title="Cord (unit)">Cord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Face_cord" title="Face cord">Face cord</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minim_(unit)" title="Minim (unit)">Minim</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gill_(unit)" title="Gill (unit)">Gill</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peck" title="Peck">Peck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bushel" title="Bushel">Bushel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barrel_(unit)" title="Barrel (unit)">Barrel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Acre-foot" title="Acre-foot">Acre-foot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Speed</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Feet_per_second" class="mw-redirect" title="Feet per second">Feet per second</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Miles_per_hour" title="Miles per hour">Miles per hour</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Mass</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Grain_(unit)" title="Grain (unit)">Grain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dram_(unit)" title="Dram (unit)">Dram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ounce" title="Ounce">Ounce</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_(mass)" title="Pound (mass)">Pound</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hundredweight" title="Hundredweight">Hundredweight</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">Ton</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Long_ton" title="Long ton">Long</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Short_ton" title="Short ton">Short</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Force</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Poundal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound_(force)" title="Pound (force)">Pound-force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kip_(unit)" title="Kip (unit)">Kip</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Pressure</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Inch_of_mercury" title="Inch of mercury">Inch of mercury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pounds_per_square_inch" class="mw-redirect" title="Pounds per square inch">Pounds per square inch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ksi_(unit)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ksi (unit)">Kilopounds per square inch</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other units and measures</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bolt_(cloth)" title="Bolt (cloth)">Bolt (cloth)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_thermal_unit" title="British thermal unit">British thermal unit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Degree_(angle)" title="Degree (angle)">Degree (angle)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fahrenheit" title="Fahrenheit">Fahrenheit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot-candle" title="Foot-candle">Foot-candle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot-lambert" title="Foot-lambert">Foot-lambert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot-pound_(energy)" title="Foot-pound (energy)">Foot-pound (energy)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Horsepower" title="Horsepower">Horsepower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perm_(unit)" title="Perm (unit)">Perm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pound-foot_(torque)" title="Pound-foot (torque)">Pound-foot (torque)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spinning_count" title="Spinning count">Spinning count</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ton_of_refrigeration" title="Ton of refrigeration">Ton of refrigeration</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related systems</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/American_wire_gauge" title="American wire gauge">American wire gauge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avoirdupois_system" class="mw-redirect" title="Avoirdupois system">Avoirdupois system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_jewelry_sizes" title="Body jewelry sizes">Body jewelry sizes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Engineering_Units" title="English Engineering Units">English Engineering Units</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foot%E2%80%93pound%E2%80%93second_system_of_units" title="Foot–pound–second system of units">Foot–pound–second system of units</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poundal&oldid=1214771255">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Poundal&oldid=1214771255</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: 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