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class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">የኔ መሣርያዎች</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="User menu" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_am.wikipedia.org&uselang=am"><span>መዋጮ ለመስጠት</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%A9:CreateAccount&returnto=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90+%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE" title="You are encouraged to create an account and log in; however, it is not mandatory"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>የብዕር ስም ለማውጣት</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%A9:UserLogin&returnto=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90+%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE" title="በብዕር ስም መግባትዎ ጠቃሚ ቢሆንም አስፈላጊ አይደለም [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>ለመግባት</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Pages for logged out editors <a href="/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B3%E1%89%B3:Introduction" aria-label="Learn more about editing"><span>learn more</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%A9:MyContributions" title="A list of edits made from this IP address [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Contributions</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E1%88%8D%E1%8B%A9:MyTalk" title="ለቁ. አድራሻዎ የውይይት ገጽ [n]" accesskey="n"><span>የኔ ውይይት</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><div id="mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace"></div><script>(function(){var node=document.getElementById("mw-dismissablenotice-anonplace");if(node){node.outerHTML="\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-close\"\u003E[\u003Ca tabindex=\"0\" role=\"button\"\u003E\u0026lt;-- ይህን አውጣ\u003C/a\u003E]\u003C/div\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"mw-dismissable-notice-body\"\u003E\u003C!-- CentralNotice --\u003E\u003Cdiv id=\"localNotice\" data-nosnippet=\"\"\u003E\u003Cdiv class=\"sitenotice\" lang=\"am\" dir=\"ltr\"\u003E\u003Cdiv style=\"text-align: center; 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data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Contents</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">move to sidebar</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">hide</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Beginning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-ታሪክ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ታሪክ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>ታሪክ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ታሪክ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ተፈጥሮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ተፈጥሮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>ተፈጥሮ</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-ተፈጥሮ-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle ተፈጥሮ subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-ተፈጥሮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ያለመጣረስ፣_ርግጠኝነት፣_ታእማኝነት፣_ሙሉነት" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ያለመጣረስ፣_ርግጠኝነት፣_ታእማኝነት፣_ሙሉነት"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>ያለመጣረስ፣ ርግጠኝነት፣ ታእማኝነት፣ ሙሉነት</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ያለመጣረስ፣_ርግጠኝነት፣_ታእማኝነት፣_ሙሉነት-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ስለ_አምክንዮ_ምንነት_የቀረቡ_የተለያዩ_ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ስለ_አምክንዮ_ምንነት_የቀረቡ_የተለያዩ_ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>ስለ አምክንዮ ምንነት የቀረቡ የተለያዩ ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ስለ_አምክንዮ_ምንነት_የቀረቡ_የተለያዩ_ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-የሥነ-አምክንዮ_ዓርዕስቶች" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#የሥነ-አምክንዮ_ዓርዕስቶች"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>የሥነ-አምክንዮ ዓርዕስቶች</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-የሥነ-አምክንዮ_ዓርዕስቶች-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle የሥነ-አምክንዮ ዓርዕስቶች subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-የሥነ-አምክንዮ_ዓርዕስቶች-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-የሲሎጅስቲክ_አምክንዩ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#የሲሎጅስቲክ_አምክንዩ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>የሲሎጅስቲክ አምክንዩ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-የሲሎጅስቲክ_አምክንዩ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-የፕሮፖዚሽናል_አምክንዮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#የፕሮፖዚሽናል_አምክንዮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>የፕሮፖዚሽናል አምክንዮ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-የፕሮፖዚሽናል_አምክንዮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ፕሪዲኬት_አምክንዮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ፕሪዲኬት_አምክንዮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>ፕሪዲኬት አምክንዮ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ፕሪዲኬት_አምክንዮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ሞዳል_አምክንዮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ሞዳል_አምክንዮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>ሞዳል አምክንዮ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ሞዳል_አምክንዮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-የለት-ተለት_አምክንዮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#የለት-ተለት_አምክንዮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>የለት-ተለት አምክንዮ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-የለት-ተለት_አምክንዮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ሒሳባዊ_አምክንዮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ሒሳባዊ_አምክንዮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.6</span> <span>ሒሳባዊ አምክንዮ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ሒሳባዊ_አምክንዮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ፍልስፍናዊ_አምክንዮ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ፍልስፍናዊ_አምክንዮ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.7</span> <span>ፍልስፍናዊ አምክንዮ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ፍልስፍናዊ_አምክንዮ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-አምክንዮና_መንሰላስል" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#አምክንዮና_መንሰላስል"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.8</span> <span>አምክንዮና መንሰላስል</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-አምክንዮና_መንሰላስል-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-በአምክንዮ_ላይ_የተነሱ_ውዝግቦች" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#በአምክንዮ_ላይ_የተነሱ_ውዝግቦች"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>በአምክንዮ ላይ የተነሱ ውዝግቦች</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-በአምክንዮ_ላይ_የተነሱ_ውዝግቦች-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle በአምክንዮ ላይ የተነሱ ውዝግቦች subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-በአምክንዮ_ላይ_የተነሱ_ውዝግቦች-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-ከሁለት_በላይ_ዋጋ_ያላቸው_የአምክንዮ_አባባሎች" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ከሁለት_በላይ_ዋጋ_ያላቸው_የአምክንዮ_አባባሎች"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>ከሁለት በላይ ዋጋ ያላቸው የአምክንዮ አባባሎች</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ከሁለት_በላይ_ዋጋ_ያላቸው_የአምክንዮ_አባባሎች-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-አምክንዮ_የተጨባጩን_አለም_በማስተዋል_የሚመጣ_ነውን?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#አምክንዮ_የተጨባጩን_አለም_በማስተዋል_የሚመጣ_ነውን?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1.1</span> <span>አምክንዮ የተጨባጩን አለም በማስተዋል የሚመጣ ነውን?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-አምክንዮ_የተጨባጩን_አለም_በማስተዋል_የሚመጣ_ነውን?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ምክንያታዊ_ትንበያ_በውኑ_አለም_ይሰራልን?" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ምክንያታዊ_ትንበያ_በውኑ_አለም_ይሰራልን?"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>ምክንያታዊ ትንበያ በውኑ አለም ይሰራልን?</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ምክንያታዊ_ትንበያ_በውኑ_አለም_ይሰራልን?-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ሊሆን_የማይችልን_ነገር_መቻል" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ሊሆን_የማይችልን_ነገር_መቻል"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>ሊሆን የማይችልን ነገር መቻል</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ሊሆን_የማይችልን_ነገር_መቻል-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ምክንያታዊ_እውነትን_አለመቀበል" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ምክንያታዊ_እውነትን_አለመቀበል"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>ምክንያታዊ እውነትን አለመቀበል</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ምክንያታዊ_እውነትን_አለመቀበል-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ተጨማሪ_ንባብ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ተጨማሪ_ንባብ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>ተጨማሪ ንባብ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ተጨማሪ_ንባብ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ተጨማሪ_መጣጥፍ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ተጨማሪ_መጣጥፍ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>ተጨማሪ መጣጥፍ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ተጨማሪ_መጣጥፍ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-ማጣቀሻ" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#ማጣቀሻ"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>ማጣቀሻ</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-ማጣቀሻ-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-የውጭ_የዌብ_ድሮች" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#የውጭ_የዌብ_ድሮች"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>የውጭ የዌብ ድሮች</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-የውጭ_የዌብ_ድሮች-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">ስነ አምክንዮ</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 164 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-164" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">164 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – አፍሪካንኛ" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="አፍሪካንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ስዊዝ ጀርመንኛ" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="ስዊዝ ጀርመንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lochica" title="Lochica – አራጎንስ" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Lochica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="አራጎንስ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="तर्कशास्त्र – አንጊካ" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="तर्कशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="አንጊካ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अंगिका</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" title="منطق – ዓረብኛ" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="منطق" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="ዓረብኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" title="منطق – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="منطق" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%B0%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0" title="তৰ্কশাস্ত্ৰ – አሳሜዛዊ" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="তৰ্কশাস্ত্ৰ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="አሳሜዛዊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3xica" title="Lóxica – አስቱሪያን" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Lóxica" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="አስቱሪያን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99ntiq" title="Məntiq – አዘርባጃንኛ" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Məntiq" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="አዘርባጃንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%DB%8C%D9%82" title="منطیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="منطیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ባስኪርኛ" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="ባስኪርኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ባቫሪያን" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="ባቫሪያን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luog%C4%97ka" title="Luogėka – Samogitian" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Luogėka" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="Samogitian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohika" title="Lohika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Lohika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логіка – ቤላራሻኛ" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Логіка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="ቤላራሻኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D1%91%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лёгіка – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Лёгіка" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mant%C3%A8k" title="Mantèk – ቤታዊ" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Mantèk" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="ቤታዊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ቡልጋሪኛ" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="ቡልጋሪኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AF%E0%A7%81%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9E%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8" title="যুক্তিবিজ্ঞান – ቤንጋሊኛ" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="যুক্তিবিজ্ঞান" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="ቤንጋሊኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poelloniezh" title="Poelloniezh – ብሬቶንኛ" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Poelloniezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="ብሬቶንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ቦስኒያንኛ" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="ቦስኒያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A3%D1%88%D0%B0%D1%80_%D1%83%D1%85%D0%B0%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Ушар ухаан – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Ушар ухаан" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2gica" title="Lògica – ካታላንኛ" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Lògica" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="ካታላንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cbk-zam mw-list-item"><a href="https://cbk-zam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – Chavacano" lang="cbk" hreflang="cbk" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Chavacano de Zamboanga" data-language-local-name="Chavacano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Chavacano de Zamboanga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ችችን" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="ችችን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%84%DB%86%DA%98%DB%8C%DA%A9" title="لۆژیک – የሶራኒ ኩርድኛ" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="لۆژیک" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="የሶራኒ ኩርድኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – ኮርሲካኛ" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="ኮርሲካኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Corsu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mant%C4%B1q" title="Mantıq – ክሪሚያን ተርኪሽ" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="Mantıq" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="ክሪሚያን ተርኪሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ቼክኛ" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="ቼክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ቹቫሽ" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="ቹቫሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhesymeg" title="Rhesymeg – ወልሽ" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Rhesymeg" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="ወልሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ዴኒሽ" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="ዴኒሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ጀርመንኛ" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="ጀርመንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9B%CE%BF%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Λογική – ግሪክኛ" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Λογική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="ግሪክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="ምርጥ ፅሑፎች"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic" title="Logic – እንግሊዝኛ" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Logic" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="እንግሊዝኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logiko" title="Logiko – ኤስፐራንቶ" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Logiko" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="ኤስፐራንቶ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3gica" title="Lógica – ስፓኒሽ" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Lógica" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="ስፓኒሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loogika" title="Loogika – ኢስቶኒያንኛ" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Loogika" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="ኢስቶኒያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ባስክኛ" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="ባስክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3gica" title="Lógica – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Lógica" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" title="منطق – ፐርሺያኛ" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="منطق" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="ፐርሺያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logiikka" title="Logiikka – ፊኒሽ" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Logiikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="ፊኒሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loogiga" title="Loogiga – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Loogiga" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fj mw-list-item"><a href="https://fj.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vakasama" title="Vakasama – ፊጂኛ" lang="fj" hreflang="fj" data-title="Vakasama" data-language-autonym="Na Vosa Vakaviti" data-language-local-name="ፊጂኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Na Vosa Vakaviti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logique" title="Logique – ፈረንሳይኛ" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Logique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="ፈረንሳይኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loogik" title="Loogik – ሰሜናዊ ፍሪስያን" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Loogik" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="ሰሜናዊ ፍሪስያን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ምዕራባዊ ፍሪሲኛ" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="ምዕራባዊ ፍሪሲኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Loighic" title="Loighic – አይሪሽ" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Loighic" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="አይሪሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gan mw-list-item"><a href="https://gan.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF%E5%AD%B8" title="邏輯學 – ጋን ቻይንኛ" lang="gan" hreflang="gan" data-title="邏輯學" data-language-autonym="贛語" data-language-local-name="ጋን ቻይንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>贛語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojik" title="Lojik – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Lojik" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3xica" title="Lóxica – ጋሊሽያዊ" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Lóxica" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="ጋሊሽያዊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gn mw-list-item"><a href="https://gn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kuaarape" title="Kuaarape – ጓራኒኛ" lang="gn" hreflang="gn" data-title="Kuaarape" data-language-autonym="Avañe'ẽ" data-language-local-name="ጓራኒኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Avañe'ẽ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-haw mw-list-item"><a href="https://haw.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C5%ABpili" title="Kūpili – ሃዊያኛ" lang="haw" hreflang="haw" data-title="Kūpili" data-language-autonym="Hawaiʻi" data-language-local-name="ሃዊያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hawaiʻi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%95%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%94" title="לוגיקה – ዕብራይስጥ" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="לוגיקה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="ዕብራይስጥ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="तर्कशास्त्र – ሒንዱኛ" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="तर्कशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="ሒንዱኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic" title="Logic – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Logic" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ክሮሽያንኛ" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="ክሮሽያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ሀንጋሪኛ" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ሀንጋሪኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%B5%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Տրամաբանություն – አርመናዊ" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Տրամաբանություն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="አርመናዊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%8F%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%A9%D5%AB%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Տրամաբանութիւն – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Տրամաբանութիւն" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – ኢንቴርሊንጓ" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="ኢንቴርሊንጓ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-iba mw-list-item"><a href="https://iba.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ኢባን" lang="iba" hreflang="iba" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Jaku Iban" data-language-local-name="ኢባን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jaku Iban</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ኢንዶኔዥያኛ" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="ኢንዶኔዥያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – እንተርሊንግወ" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="እንተርሊንግወ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ig mw-list-item"><a href="https://ig.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C7%B8z%C3%B9" title="Ǹzù – ኢግቦኛ" lang="ig" hreflang="ig" data-title="Ǹzù" data-language-autonym="Igbo" data-language-local-name="ኢግቦኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Igbo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohika" title="Lohika – ኢሎኮ" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Lohika" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="ኢሎኮ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logiko" title="Logiko – ኢዶ" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Logiko" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="ኢዶ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/R%C3%B6kfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Rökfræði – አይስላንድኛ" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Rökfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="አይስላንድኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – ጣሊያንኛ" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="ጣሊያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%AB%96%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="論理学 – ጃፓንኛ" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="論理学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="ጃፓንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajik" title="Lajik – Jamaican Creole English" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Lajik" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="Jamaican Creole English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/logji" title="logji – ሎጅባን" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="logji" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="ሎጅባን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>La .lojban.</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ጃቫኒዝ" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="ጃቫኒዝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ლოგიკა – ጆርጂያዊ" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ლოგიკა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="ጆርጂያዊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tame%E1%BA%93la" title="Tameẓla – ካብይል" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tameẓla" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="ካብይል" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C9%94l%C9%A9y%C9%9B" title="Cɔlɩyɛ – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Cɔlɩyɛ" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A8go_(logic)" title="Ũgo (logic) – ኪኩዩ" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Ũgo (logic)" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="ኪኩዩ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ካዛክኛ" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="ካዛክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%8F%E1%9E%80%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%80%E1%9E%9C%E1%9E%B7%E1%9E%87%E1%9F%92%E1%9E%87%E1%9E%B6" title="តក្កវិជ្ជា – ክመር" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="តក្កវិជ្ជា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="ክመር" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%85%BC%EB%A6%AC%ED%95%99" title="논리학 – ኮሪያኛ" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="논리학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="ኮሪያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mentiq" title="Mentiq – ኩርድሽ" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Mentiq" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="ኩርድሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojyk" title="Lojyk – ኮርኒሽ" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Lojyk" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="ኮርኒሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ክይርግይዝ" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="ክይርግይዝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – ላቲንኛ" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="ላቲንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ሉክሰምበርግኛ" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="ሉክሰምበርግኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D1%8C" title="Мантикь – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мантикь" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojica" title="Lojica – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Lojica" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lld mw-list-item"><a href="https://lld.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – Ladin" lang="lld" hreflang="lld" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Ladin" data-language-local-name="Ladin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logega" title="Logega – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Logega" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ሉቴንያንኛ" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="ሉቴንያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo%C4%A3ika" title="Loģika – ላትቪያን" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Loģika" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="ላትቪያን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B4jika" title="Lôjika – ማላጋስይ" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Lôjika" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="ማላጋስይ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ሚናንግካባኡ" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="ሚናንግካባኡ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ሜቄዶንኛ" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="ሜቄዶንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%BC%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%95%E0%B4%B6%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%82" title="തർക്കശാസ്ത്രം – ማላያላም" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="തർക്കശാസ്ത്രം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="ማላያላም" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA" title="Логик – ሞንጎሊያኛ" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Логик" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="ሞንጎሊያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0" title="तर्कशास्त्र – ማራቲ" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="तर्कशास्त्र" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="ማራቲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ማላይ" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="ማላይ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3gica" title="Lógica – ሚራንዴዝ" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Lógica" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="ሚራንዴዝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AF%E1%80%90%E1%80%B9%E1%80%90%E1%80%AD%E1%80%97%E1%80%B1%E1%80%92" title="ယုတ္တိဗေဒ – ቡርማኛ" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယုတ္တိဗေဒ" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="ቡርማኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" title="منطق – ማዛንደራኒ" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="منطق" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="ማዛንደራኒ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – የታችኛው ጀርመንኛ" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="የታችኛው ጀርመንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%95" title="तर्क – ኒዋሪ(ኔፓል)" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="तर्क" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="ኒዋሪ(ኔፓል)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – ደች" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="ደች" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logikk" title="Logikk – የኖርዌይ ናይኖርስክ" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Logikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="የኖርዌይ ናይኖርስክ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logikk" title="Logikk – የኖርዌይ ቦክማል" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Logikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="የኖርዌይ ቦክማል" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logike" title="Logike – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Logike" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logica" title="Logica – ኦሲታን" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Logica" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="ኦሲታን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-om mw-list-item"><a href="https://om.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yaaya(logic)" title="Yaaya(logic) – ኦሮሚኛ" lang="om" hreflang="om" data-title="Yaaya(logic)" data-language-autonym="Oromoo" data-language-local-name="ኦሮሚኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oromoo</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%95_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%B0" title="ਤਰਕ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ – ፑንጃብኛ" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਤਰਕ ਸ਼ਾਸਤਰ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="ፑንጃብኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lojik" title="Lojik – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Lojik" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ፖሊሽ" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="ፖሊሽ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2gica" title="Lògica – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Lògica" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AA%D9%8F%DA%A9" title="تُک – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="تُک" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%BE%D9%88%D9%87%D9%86%D9%87" title="سولپوهنه – ፓሽቶ" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="سولپوهنه" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="ፓሽቶ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B3gica" title="Lógica – ፖርቹጋልኛ" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Lógica" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="ፖርቹጋልኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sullwa" title="Sullwa – ኩዌቹዋ" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Sullwa" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="ኩዌቹዋ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic%C4%83" title="Logică – ሮማኒያኛ" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Logică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="ሮማኒያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ራሽያኛ" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ራሽያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D2%91%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Лоґіка – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Лоґіка" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ሳክሃ" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="ሳክሃ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A1%E1%B1%A9%E1%B1%A0%E1%B1%9B%E1%B1%A4" title="ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ – ሳንታሊ" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱡᱩᱠᱛᱤ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="ሳንታሊ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2gica" title="Lògica – ሳርዲንያን" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Lògica" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="ሳርዲንያን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%B2ggica" title="Lòggica – ሲሲሊያንኛ" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Lòggica" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="ሲሲሊያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic" title="Logic – ስኮትስ" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Logic" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="ስኮትስ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" title="منطق – ሲንዲ" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="منطق" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="ሲንዲ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ሰርቦ-ክሮኤሽያኛ" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="ሰርቦ-ክሮኤሽያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tam%E1%BA%93la" title="Tamẓla – ታቼልሂት" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Tamẓla" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="ታቼልሂት" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic" title="Logic – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Logic" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ስሎቫክኛ" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="ስሎቫክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ስሎቬንኛ" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="ስሎቬንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logjika" title="Logjika – አልባንያንኛ" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Logjika" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="አልባንያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логика – ሰርብያኛ" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Логика" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="ሰርብያኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logika" title="Logika – ሱዳንኛ" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Logika" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="ሱዳንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – ስዊድንኛ" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="ስዊድንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantiki" title="Mantiki – ስዋሂሊኛ" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Mantiki" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="ስዋሂሊኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%8F%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%A3%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஏரணம் – ታሚል" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஏரணம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="ታሚል" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B8%D2%9B" title="Мантиқ – ታጂክ" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мантиқ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="ታጂክ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%8C" title="ตรรกศาสตร์ – ታይ" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ตรรกศาสตร์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="ታይ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantyk" title="Mantyk – ቱርክሜን" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Mantyk" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="ቱርክሜን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohika" title="Lohika – ታጋሎገኛ" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Lohika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="ታጋሎገኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tly mw-list-item"><a href="https://tly.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%D3%99nty%C7%A7" title="Mәntyǧ – Talysh" lang="tly" hreflang="tly" data-title="Mәntyǧ" data-language-autonym="Tolışi" data-language-local-name="Talysh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tolışi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tpi mw-list-item"><a href="https://tpi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lajik" title="Lajik – ቶክ ፒሲን" lang="tpi" hreflang="tpi" data-title="Lajik" data-language-autonym="Tok Pisin" data-language-local-name="ቶክ ፒሲን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tok Pisin</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mant%C4%B1k" title="Mantık – ቱርክኛ" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mantık" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="ቱርክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%B9%D0%BA" title="Мантыйк – ታታር" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мантыйк" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="ታታር" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tyv mw-list-item"><a href="https://tyv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%91%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B3%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BB" title="Билиглел – ቱቪንያንኛ" lang="tyv" hreflang="tyv" data-title="Билиглел" data-language-autonym="Тыва дыл" data-language-local-name="ቱቪንያንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тыва дыл</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9B%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0" title="Логіка – ዩክሬንኛ" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Логіка" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ዩክሬንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%86%D8%B7%D9%82" title="منطق – ኡርዱኛ" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="منطق" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="ኡርዱኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantiq" title="Mantiq – ኡዝቤክኛ" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mantiq" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="ኡዝቤክኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logik" title="Logik – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Logik" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Logic" title="Logic – ቪየትናምኛ" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Logic" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="ቪየትናምኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lodjike" title="Lodjike – ዋሎን" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Lodjike" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="ዋሎን" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lohika" title="Lohika – ዋራይ" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Lohika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="ዋራይ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF" title="邏輯 – ዉ ቻይንኛ" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="邏輯" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="ዉ ቻይንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xh mw-list-item"><a href="https://xh.wikipedia.org/wiki/I-logic" title="I-logic – ዞሳኛ" lang="xh" hreflang="xh" data-title="I-logic" data-language-autonym="IsiXhosa" data-language-local-name="ዞሳኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiXhosa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90" title="ლოგიკა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ლოგიკა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%92%D7%99%D7%A7" title="לאגיק – ይዲሽኛ" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="לאגיק" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="ይዲሽኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%BB%8Cgb%E1%BB%8D%CC%81n" title="Ọgbọ́n – ዮሩባዊኛ" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Ọgbọ́n" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="ዮሩባዊኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zgh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zgh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E2%B5%9C%E2%B4%B0%E2%B5%8E%E2%B5%A5%E2%B5%8D%E2%B4%B0" title="ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵍⴰ – መደበኛ የሞሮኮ ታማዚግት" lang="zgh" hreflang="zgh" data-title="ⵜⴰⵎⵥⵍⴰ" data-language-autonym="ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ" data-language-local-name="መደበኛ የሞሮኮ ታማዚግት" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ⵜⴰⵎⴰⵣⵉⵖⵜ ⵜⴰⵏⴰⵡⴰⵢⵜ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%80%BB%E8%BE%91" title="逻辑 – ቻይንኛ" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="逻辑" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="ቻይንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%89%87" title="理則 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="理則" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Su-l%C3%AD" title="Su-lí – ሚን ኛን ቻይንኛ" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Su-lí" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="ሚን ኛን ቻይንኛ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%82%8F%E8%BC%AF" title="邏輯 – ካንቶኒዝ" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="邏輯" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="ካንቶኒዝ" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q8078#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="ክፍለ-ዊኪዎች"> <div id="p-associated-pages" 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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="am" dir="ltr"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/%E1%88%B5%E1%8B%95%E1%88%8D:Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps,_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Aristotle" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps%2C_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg/350px-Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps%2C_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg" decoding="async" width="350" height="232" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps%2C_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg/525px-Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps%2C_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps%2C_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg/700px-Busto_di_Aristotele_conservato_a_Palazzo_Altemps%2C_Roma._Foto_di_Giovanni_Dall%27Orto.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1360" /></a><figcaption> አሪስጣጣሊስ (384 BC - 322 BC )</figcaption></figure> <p><b>ሥነ - አምክንዩ </b> የምክንያት አሰጣጥ (1) ጥናት ማለት ነው። ምንም እንኳ አምክንዮ ለሁሉም የዕውቀት ዘርፍ አስፈላጊ ቢሆንም፣ ትኩረት ተሰጦት የሚጠናው ግን በ <a href="/wiki/%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%8D%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%8D%E1%8A%93" title="ፍልስፍና">ፍልስፍና</a> ፡ በ <a href="/wiki/%E1%88%92%E1%88%B3%E1%89%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="ሒሳብ">ሒሳብ</a> እና በ <a href="/wiki/%E1%8A%AE%E1%88%9D%E1%8D%92%E1%8B%8D%E1%89%B0%E1%88%AD_%E1%88%B3%E1%8B%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5" class="mw-redirect" title="ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ">ኮምፒውተር ሳይንስ</a> የዕውቀት ዘርፎች ዘንድ ነው። አምክንዮ አጠቃላይ የክርክርን ቅርፅ፣ የትኛው የክርክር ቅርፅ ትክክል ነው፣ የትኛው ስህተት ነው የሚሉትን ጥያቄወች ይፈትሻል። በ<a href="/wiki/%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%8D%E1%88%B5%E1%8D%8D%E1%8A%93" title="ፍልስፍና">ፍልስፍና</a> የጥናት ዘርፍ፣ ስነ አምክንዮ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%8A%A2%E1%8D%92%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B2%E1%88%9E%E1%88%8E%E1%8C%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ኢፒስቲሞሎጂ (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">ኢፒስቲሞሎጂ</a> በሚባለው የጥናት ክፍል ይመደባል። ይኸውም ክፍል "እውቀታችንን እንዴት ልናውቅ ቻልን?" ለሚለው ጥያቄ መልስ ለመስጠት የሚጥር ነው። በሒሳብ ደግሞ "የተረጋገጠ መስተሳስር ጥናት" በምባል ይታወቃል። </p><p>ምንም እንኳ አምክንዮ ከሰው ልጅ ጋር አብሮ የኖረ ቢሆንም፣ የግሪኩ ፈላስፋ <a href="/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%AA%E1%88%B5%E1%8C%A3%E1%8C%A3%E1%88%8A%E1%88%B5" title="አሪስጣጣሊስ">አሪስጣጣሊስ</a> ሥነ-አምክንዮን እራሱን እንደቻለ የትምህርት ክፍል እንደከፈተ ይነገርለታል። ከሱ በኋላ የተነሳው የ12ኛው ክ/ዘመን የሞሮኮው ፈላስፋ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%8A%A0%E1%89%AE%E1%88%AE%E1%8B%9D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="አቮሮዝ (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">አቮሮዝ</a> አምክንዮ ማለት "እውነትንና ውሸትን ለይተን ለማወቅ የሚያስችል መሳሪያ" ነው በማለት ተርጉሞታል(2)። ሌሎችም የተለያየ ትርጉም ለአምክንዮ ሰጥተቃል። ለምሳሌ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%AA%E1%89%BB%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%B5_%E1%8B%8B%E1%89%B5%E1%88%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ሪቻርድ ዋትሊ (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">ሪቻርድ ዋትሊ</a> ""አምክንዮ ማለት የምክንያት አሰጣጥ ጥበብና ሳይንስ" ነው በማለት ተርጉሞታል። እንዲሁም የጀርመኑ <a href="/wiki/%E1%8D%8D%E1%88%AC%E1%8C%84" class="mw-redirect" title="ፍሬጄ">ፍሬጄ</a> "አምክንዮ ማለት ከሁሉ በላይ አጠቃላይ የሆኑቱን ህጎች ማጥኛ ሳይንስ ነው" ብሎታል። </p><p>ባሁኑ ጊዜ ሥነ-አምክንዮ በሁለት ይከፈላል፡ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%89%B5%E1%8A%95%E1%89%A2%E1%89%B5_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ትንቢት አምክንዮ (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">ትንቢት አምክንዮ</a> (Inductive reasoning) እና <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%98%E1%8A%95%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%A4_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="መንስኤ አምክንዮ (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">መንስኤ አምክንዮ</a> (deductive reasoning) ይባላሉ ። የመጀመሪያው የአምክንዮ አይነት ከተቆራረጡ ምሳሌወች ተነስተን አጠቃላይ ድምዳሜ ላይ የሚያስደርሰን የእውቀት ዘርፍ ሲሆን ሁለተኛው ደግሞ ክትርጉምና ጥርጥር ውስጥ መግባት ከማይችሉ እውነታወች ተነስቶ አናሳ ምክንያታዊ ድምዳሜወች ላይ የሚያስደርሰን የዕውቀት ዘርፍ ነው። ከዚህ አንጻር አሪስጣጣሊስም ተመሳሳይ የሥነ አምክዮ ክፍሎችን አቅርቦአል እነሱም <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%98%E1%8D%8D%E1%89%B3%E1%89%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="መፍታት (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">መፍታት</a>(Analysis) እና <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%89%8B%E1%8C%A0%E1%88%AE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ቋጠሮ (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">ቋጠሮ</a>(Synthesis) ይባላሉ። የመጀመሪያው አንድን ነገር በመውሰድ የተለያዩ ክፍሎቹን በመፈታት ያጠናል። ሁለተኛው ደግሞ እንዴት የተለያዩ ክፍሎች/ብልቶች ተጋጥመው አንድን ነገር ይሰራሉ ? የሚለውን ያጠናል። </p><p>ስነ አምክንዮ በ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AD%E1%8A%AD%E1%88%AD_%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%95%E1%8B%AE%E1%89%B5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ክርክር ርዕዮት (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">ክርክር ርዕዮት</a> የዕውቀት ዘርፍ ሁሉ ይጠናል። </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ታሪክ"><span id=".E1.89.B3.E1.88.AA.E1.8A.AD"></span>ታሪክ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=1" title="ታሪክ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: ታሪክ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ተፈጥሮ"><span id=".E1.89.B0.E1.8D.88.E1.8C.A5.E1.88.AE"></span>ተፈጥሮ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=2" title="ተፈጥሮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: ተፈጥሮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>=== ትንቢተ አምክንዮ ትንቢት አመክንዮ ማለት ከትልቁ/ከአጠቃላዩ ተነስቶ ዉስጣዊ ነገሮችን የሚዳስ ማለት ነዉ:: ___መንስኤ አመክንዮ ከጥቃቅን ነገሮች በመነሳት ምክንያታዊ መሆን </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ያለመጣረስ፣_ርግጠኝነት፣_ታእማኝነት፣_ሙሉነት"><span id=".E1.8B.AB.E1.88.88.E1.88.98.E1.8C.A3.E1.88.A8.E1.88.B5.E1.8D.A3_.E1.88.AD.E1.8C.8D.E1.8C.A0.E1.8A.9D.E1.8A.90.E1.89.B5.E1.8D.A3_.E1.89.B3.E1.8A.A5.E1.88.9B.E1.8A.9D.E1.8A.90.E1.89.B5.E1.8D.A3_.E1.88.99.E1.88.89.E1.8A.90.E1.89.B5"></span>ያለመጣረስ፣ ርግጠኝነት፣ ታእማኝነት፣ ሙሉነት</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=3" title="ያለመጣረስ፣ ርግጠኝነት፣ ታእማኝነት፣ ሙሉነት ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: ያለመጣረስ፣ ርግጠኝነት፣ ታእማኝነት፣ ሙሉነት"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ስለ_አምክንዮ_ምንነት_የቀረቡ_የተለያዩ_ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች"><span id=".E1.88.B5.E1.88.88_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE_.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.95.E1.8A.90.E1.89.B5_.E1.8B.A8.E1.89.80.E1.88.A8.E1.89.A1_.E1.8B.A8.E1.89.B0.E1.88.88.E1.8B.AB.E1.8B.A9_.E1.8C.BD.E1.8A.95.E1.88.B0-.E1.88.93.E1.88.B3.E1.89.A6.E1.89.BD"></span>ስለ አምክንዮ ምንነት የቀረቡ የተለያዩ ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=4" title="ስለ አምክንዮ ምንነት የቀረቡ የተለያዩ ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: ስለ አምክንዮ ምንነት የቀረቡ የተለያዩ ጽንሰ-ሓሳቦች"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="የሥነ-አምክንዮ_ዓርዕስቶች"><span id=".E1.8B.A8.E1.88.A5.E1.8A.90-.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE_.E1.8B.93.E1.88.AD.E1.8B.95.E1.88.B5.E1.89.B6.E1.89.BD"></span>የሥነ-አምክንዮ <a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%8B%93%E1%88%AD%E1%8B%95%E1%88%B5%E1%89%B6%E1%89%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ዓርዕስቶች (ገጹ ገና አልተጻፈም)">ዓርዕስቶች</a></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=5" title="የሥነ-አምክንዮ ዓርዕስቶች ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: የሥነ-አምክንዮ ዓርዕስቶች"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="የሲሎጅስቲክ_አምክንዩ"><span id=".E1.8B.A8.E1.88.B2.E1.88.8E.E1.8C.85.E1.88.B5.E1.89.B2.E1.8A.AD_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.A9"></span>የሲሎጅስቲክ አምክንዩ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=6" title="የሲሎጅስቲክ አምክንዩ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: የሲሎጅስቲክ አምክንዩ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="የፕሮፖዚሽናል_አምክንዮ"><span id=".E1.8B.A8.E1.8D.95.E1.88.AE.E1.8D.96.E1.8B.9A.E1.88.BD.E1.8A.93.E1.88.8D_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE"></span>የፕሮፖዚሽናል አምክንዮ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=7" title="የፕሮፖዚሽናል አምክንዮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section's source code: የፕሮፖዚሽናል አምክንዮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ፕሪዲኬት_አምክንዮ"><span id=".E1.8D.95.E1.88.AA.E1.8B.B2.E1.8A.AC.E1.89.B5_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE"></span>ፕሪዲኬት አምክንዮ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=8" title="ፕሪዲኬት አምክንዮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section's source code: ፕሪዲኬት አምክንዮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ሞዳል_አምክንዮ"><span id=".E1.88.9E.E1.8B.B3.E1.88.8D_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE"></span>ሞዳል አምክንዮ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=9" title="ሞዳል አምክንዮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section's source code: ሞዳል አምክንዮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="የለት-ተለት_አምክንዮ"><span id=".E1.8B.A8.E1.88.88.E1.89.B5-.E1.89.B0.E1.88.88.E1.89.B5_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE"></span>የለት-ተለት አምክንዮ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=10" title="የለት-ተለት አምክንዮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section's source code: የለት-ተለት አምክንዮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ሒሳባዊ_አምክንዮ"><span id=".E1.88.92.E1.88.B3.E1.89.A3.E1.8B.8A_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE"></span>ሒሳባዊ አምክንዮ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=11" title="ሒሳባዊ አምክንዮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section's source code: ሒሳባዊ አምክንዮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ፍልስፍናዊ_አምክንዮ"><span id=".E1.8D.8D.E1.88.8D.E1.88.B5.E1.8D.8D.E1.8A.93.E1.8B.8A_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE"></span>ፍልስፍናዊ አምክንዮ</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=12" title="ፍልስፍናዊ አምክንዮ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section's source code: ፍልስፍናዊ አምክንዮ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="አምክንዮና_መንሰላስል"><span id=".E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE.E1.8A.93_.E1.88.98.E1.8A.95.E1.88.B0.E1.88.8B.E1.88.B5.E1.88.8D"></span>አምክንዮና መንሰላስል</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=13" title="አምክንዮና መንሰላስል ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section's source code: አምክንዮና መንሰላስል"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Mknyatawinet </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="በአምክንዮ_ላይ_የተነሱ_ውዝግቦች"><span id=".E1.89.A0.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE_.E1.88.8B.E1.8B.AD_.E1.8B.A8.E1.89.B0.E1.8A.90.E1.88.B1_.E1.8B.8D.E1.8B.9D.E1.8C.8D.E1.89.A6.E1.89.BD"></span>በአምክንዮ ላይ የተነሱ ውዝግቦች</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=14" title="በአምክንዮ ላይ የተነሱ ውዝግቦች ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section's source code: በአምክንዮ ላይ የተነሱ ውዝግቦች"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ከሁለት_በላይ_ዋጋ_ያላቸው_የአምክንዮ_አባባሎች"><span id=".E1.8A.A8.E1.88.81.E1.88.88.E1.89.B5_.E1.89.A0.E1.88.8B.E1.8B.AD_.E1.8B.8B.E1.8C.8B_.E1.8B.AB.E1.88.8B.E1.89.B8.E1.8B.8D_.E1.8B.A8.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE_.E1.8A.A0.E1.89.A3.E1.89.A3.E1.88.8E.E1.89.BD"></span>ከሁለት በላይ ዋጋ ያላቸው የአምክንዮ አባባሎች</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=15" title="ከሁለት በላይ ዋጋ ያላቸው የአምክንዮ አባባሎች ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section's source code: ከሁለት በላይ ዋጋ ያላቸው የአምክንዮ አባባሎች"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="አምክንዮ_የተጨባጩን_አለም_በማስተዋል_የሚመጣ_ነውን?"><span id=".E1.8A.A0.E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AE_.E1.8B.A8.E1.89.B0.E1.8C.A8.E1.89.A3.E1.8C.A9.E1.8A.95_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.88.E1.88.9D_.E1.89.A0.E1.88.9B.E1.88.B5.E1.89.B0.E1.8B.8B.E1.88.8D_.E1.8B.A8.E1.88.9A.E1.88.98.E1.8C.A3_.E1.8A.90.E1.8B.8D.E1.8A.95.3F"></span><a href="/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE" class="mw-redirect" title="አምክንዮ">አምክንዮ</a> የተጨባጩን አለም በማስተዋል የሚመጣ ነውን?</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=16" title="አምክንዮ የተጨባጩን አለም በማስተዋል የሚመጣ ነውን? ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section's source code: አምክንዮ የተጨባጩን አለም በማስተዋል የሚመጣ ነውን?"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ምክንያታዊ_ትንበያ_በውኑ_አለም_ይሰራልን?"><span id=".E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AB.E1.89.B3.E1.8B.8A_.E1.89.B5.E1.8A.95.E1.89.A0.E1.8B.AB_.E1.89.A0.E1.8B.8D.E1.8A.91_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.88.E1.88.9D_.E1.8B.AD.E1.88.B0.E1.88.AB.E1.88.8D.E1.8A.95.3F"></span>ምክንያታዊ ትንበያ በውኑ አለም ይሰራልን?</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=17" title="ምክንያታዊ ትንበያ በውኑ አለም ይሰራልን? ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section's source code: ሊሆን የማይችልን ነገር መቻል"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="ምክንያታዊ_እውነትን_አለመቀበል"><span id=".E1.88.9D.E1.8A.AD.E1.8A.95.E1.8B.AB.E1.89.B3.E1.8B.8A_.E1.8A.A5.E1.8B.8D.E1.8A.90.E1.89.B5.E1.8A.95_.E1.8A.A0.E1.88.88.E1.88.98.E1.89.80.E1.89.A0.E1.88.8D"></span>ምክንያታዊ እውነትን አለመቀበል</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=19" title="ምክንያታዊ እውነትን አለመቀበል ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section's source code: ምክንያታዊ እውነትን አለመቀበል"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ተጨማሪ_ንባብ"><span id=".E1.89.B0.E1.8C.A8.E1.88.9B.E1.88.AA_.E1.8A.95.E1.89.A3.E1.89.A5"></span>ተጨማሪ ንባብ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=20" title="ተጨማሪ ንባብ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section's source code: ተጨማሪ ንባብ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ተጨማሪ_መጣጥፍ"><span id=".E1.89.B0.E1.8C.A8.E1.88.9B.E1.88.AA_.E1.88.98.E1.8C.A3.E1.8C.A5.E1.8D.8D"></span>ተጨማሪ መጣጥፍ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=21" title="ተጨማሪ መጣጥፍ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section's source code: ተጨማሪ መጣጥፍ"><span>ኮድ አርም</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="ማጣቀሻ"><span id=".E1.88.9B.E1.8C.A3.E1.89.80.E1.88.BB"></span>ማጣቀሻ</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E1%88%B5%E1%8A%90_%E1%8A%A0%E1%88%9D%E1%8A%AD%E1%8A%95%E1%8B%AE&veaction=edit&section=22" title="ማጣቀሻ ክፍልን ለማስተካከል" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>ለማስተካከል</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> 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