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data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">gizle</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Giriş</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Daha_önce_fark_edilememesi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Daha_önce_fark_edilememesi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Daha önce fark edilememesi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Daha_önce_fark_edilememesi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İlk_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İlk_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>İlk soluk mavi gökada problemi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İlk_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-İkinci_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#İkinci_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>İkinci soluk mavi gökada problemi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-İkinci_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kaynakça" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kaynakça"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Kaynakça</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Kaynakça-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav 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class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Soluk mavi galaksi</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Başka bir dildeki sayfaya gidin. 7 dilde mevcut" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-7" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">7 dil</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AC%D8%B1%D8%A9_%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%A1_%D8%AE%D8%A7%D9%81%D8%AA%D8%A9" title="مجرة زرقاء خافتة - Arapça" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="مجرة زرقاء خافتة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arapça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gal%C3%A0xia_blava_feble" title="Galàxia blava feble - Katalanca" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Galàxia blava feble" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalanca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faint_blue_galaxy" title="Faint blue galaxy - İngilizce" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Faint blue galaxy" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="İngilizce" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Galaxie_bleue_p%C3%A2le" title="Galaxie bleue pâle - Fransızca" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Galaxie bleue pâle" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Fransızca" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Blijeda_plava_galaktika" title="Blijeda plava galaktika - Hırvatça" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Blijeda plava galaktika" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Hırvatça" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a 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class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sayfa araçları"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Görünüm"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Görünüm</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">kenar çubuğuna taşı</button> <button 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src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Deep_View_of_Early_Universe_Helps_Solve_the_Faint_Blue_Galaxy_Mystery_%281995-08-269%29.jpg/220px-Deep_View_of_Early_Universe_Helps_Solve_the_Faint_Blue_Galaxy_Mystery_%281995-08-269%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="284" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Deep_View_of_Early_Universe_Helps_Solve_the_Faint_Blue_Galaxy_Mystery_%281995-08-269%29.jpg/330px-Deep_View_of_Early_Universe_Helps_Solve_the_Faint_Blue_Galaxy_Mystery_%281995-08-269%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Deep_View_of_Early_Universe_Helps_Solve_the_Faint_Blue_Galaxy_Mystery_%281995-08-269%29.jpg/440px-Deep_View_of_Early_Universe_Helps_Solve_the_Faint_Blue_Galaxy_Mystery_%281995-08-269%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="775" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Hubble_Uzay_Teleskobu" title="Hubble Uzay Teleskobu">Hubble Uzay Teleskobu</a> tarafından elde edilen ve çok sayıda düzensiz soluk mavi gökadayı gösteren görüntü.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Soluk mavi gökada</b> (<a href="/wiki/%C4%B0ngilizce" title="İngilizce">İngilizce</a>: <i>faint blue galaxy</i>, kısaltılmışı <b>FBG</b>), düşük yüzey parlaklığına sahip, genellikle küçük ve fark edilemeyen bir gökadadır. Soluk olmalarına ilave olarak, çoğu gökadada kırmızı yıldızların çok yaygın olmasına kıyasla, seyrek dağılmış mavi yıldızların dikkat çekici bir fazlalığını gösterirler. Eski <a href="/wiki/Foto%C4%9Fraf_plakas%C4%B1" title="Fotoğraf plakası">fotoğraf plakalarında</a>, belirgin bir yapı veya şekle sahip olmayan soluk, mavimsi lekeler olarak görünürler ve kırmızı ışığa daha duyarlı olan modern <a href="/wiki/Dijital_foto%C4%9Fraf_makinesi" title="Dijital fotoğraf makinesi">dijital kameralarla</a> iyi kaydedilemezler. Şu anda, bir yıldız oluşum patlaması geçiren küçük <a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCzensiz_g%C3%B6kada#cüce_düzensiz" class="mw-redirect" title="Düzensiz gökada">cüce düzensiz</a> uydu gökadalar olarak yorumlanmaktadırlar.<sup id="cite_ref-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Daha_önce_fark_edilememesi"><span id="Daha_.C3.B6nce_fark_edilememesi"></span>Daha önce fark edilememesi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Daha önce fark edilememesi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&action=edit&section=1" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Daha önce fark edilememesi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Bazıları daha önce gökyüzü araştırmalarında soluk lekeler olarak fotoğraflanmış olsalar da, ilk olarak 1970'lerde fark edildiler ve o dönemdeki <a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kada_olu%C5%9Fumu_ve_evrimi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gökada oluşumu ve evrimi">gökada oluşum</a> teorileri için bir sorun teşkil ettiler. FBG'ler, gökada kümelerinin dış kenarlarında ve büyük gökadaların uzak uyduları olarak bulunma eğilimindedir ve galaktik büyümenin artık tamamlanmış bir aşaması gibi görünmektedirler.<sup id="cite_ref-Carlberg-1992-11_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carlberg-1992-11-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Herhangi bir gökada, küçük olduğu için veya çok uzakta olduğu için soluk görünebilir. Ne bu açıklama, ne de herhangi bir kombinasyon, ilk FBG gözlemleriyle örtüşmemiştir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="İlk_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi"><span id=".C4.B0lk_soluk_mavi_g.C3.B6kada_problemi"></span>İlk soluk mavi gökada problemi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İlk soluk mavi gökada problemi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&action=edit&section=2" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İlk soluk mavi gökada problemi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Astrofizikte <b>soluk mavi gökada</b> (FBG) problemi, ilk olarak 1978'de başlayan ve <a href="/wiki/Mutlak_parlakl%C4%B1k#Bolometrik_büyüklük" title="Mutlak parlaklık">bolometrik büyüklüğü</a> 22'den büyük olan gökadaların, o zamanki teorinin öngördüğünden daha fazla olduğunu gösteren gözlemlerle ortaya çıktı.<sup id="cite_ref-Kron_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Kron-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Peterson_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Peterson-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Tyson_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Tyson-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>O zamandan beri bu tür gökadaların dağılımının; <a href="/wiki/Kozmik_enflasyon" class="mw-redirect" title="Kozmik enflasyon">kozmik enflasyon</a> modelleri, <a href="/wiki/Kozmik_mikrodalga_arka_plan%C4%B1" title="Kozmik mikrodalga arka planı">kozmik mikrodalga ardalan</a> ölçümleri ve sıfıra eşit olmayan bir kozmolojik sabitle, yani günümüzde kabul gören <a href="/wiki/Karanl%C4%B1k_enerji" title="Karanlık enerji">karanlık enerjinin</a> varlığıyla tutarlı olduğu bulunmuştur.<sup id="cite_ref-Yoshii_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yoshii-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Koo_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Koo-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu sayede, karanlık enerjiyi gerektiren <a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCpernova" title="Süpernova">süpernova</a> gözlemlerinin bir doğrulaması olarak işlev görmektedir. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="İkinci_soluk_mavi_gökada_problemi"><span id=".C4.B0kinci_soluk_mavi_g.C3.B6kada_problemi"></span>İkinci soluk mavi gökada problemi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: İkinci soluk mavi gökada problemi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&action=edit&section=3" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: İkinci soluk mavi gökada problemi"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>İkinci bir sorun ise 1988 yılında daha da derinlemesine yapılan gözlemlerin, soluk gökadaların çok daha fazla olduğunu göstermesiyle ortaya çıktı.<sup id="cite_ref-Broadhurst_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Broadhurst-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Bu gökadalar şimdi, genç ve büyük kütleli yıldızların mavi ışığını üreten büyük yıldız oluşum patlamaları yaşayan cüce gökadalar olarak yorumlanmaktadır.<sup id="cite_ref-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Bu nedenle FBG'ler, boyutlarına ve uzaklıklarına göre son derece parlaktırlar. </p><p>Çoğu FBG'nin kırmızıya kayma değeri <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="texhtml mvar" style="font-style:italic;">z</span> = 0,5–2</span> aralığında görünür. Diğer gökadalarla birleştikleri ve sonuç olarak "yakın" kozmolojik geçmişte bir süre ayrı nesneler olarak ortadan kayboldukları sonucuna varılmıştır.<sup id="cite_ref-Carlberg-1992-11_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carlberg-1992-11-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kaynakça"><span id="Kaynak.C3.A7a"></span>Kaynakça</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Değiştirilen bölüm: Kaynakça" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Soluk_mavi_galaksi&action=edit&section=4" title="Bölümün kaynak kodunu değiştir: Kaynakça"><span>kaynağı değiştir</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r32805677">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-count:2}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-count:3}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03-1"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Colless-Ellis-etal-1993-03_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Colless, Matthew; Ellis, Richard S.; Broadhurst, T. J.; Taylor, Keith; Peterson, Bruce A. (Mart 1993). "Faint blue galaxies – High or low redshift?". <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Cilt 261. ss. 19-38. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1993MNRAS.261...19C">1993MNRAS.261...19C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/261.1.19">10.1093/mnras/261.1.19</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Özgürce erişilebilir"><img alt="Özgürce erişilebilir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>. <a href="/wiki/Handle_Sistemi" title="Handle Sistemi">hdl</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//hdl.handle.net/1885%2F39978">1885/39978</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Özgürce erişilebilir"><img alt="Özgürce erişilebilir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Faint+blue+galaxies+%E2%80%93+High+or+low+redshift%3F&rft.pages=19-38&rft.date=1993-03&rft_id=info%3Ahdl%2F1885%2F39978&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmnras%2F261.1.19&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1993MNRAS.261...19C&rft.aulast=Colless&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.au=Ellis%2C+Richard+S.&rft.au=Broadhurst%2C+T.+J.&rft.au=Taylor%2C+Keith&rft.au=Peterson%2C+Bruce+A.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carlberg-1992-11-2"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Carlberg-1992-11_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carlberg-1992-11_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Carlberg, R. G. (Kasım 1992). "Merging and fast galaxy evolution". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. <b>399</b> (1). ss. L31-L34. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992ApJ...399L..31C">1992ApJ...399L..31C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/186599">10.1086/186599</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Merging+and+fast+galaxy+evolution&rft.pages=L31-L34&rft.date=1992-11&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F186599&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992ApJ...399L..31C&rft.aulast=Carlberg&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09-3"><strong>^</strong> <a href="#cite_ref-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Carlberg-Charlot-1992-09_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Carlberg, R. G.; Charlot, Stephane (Eylül 1992). "Faint galaxy evolution via interactions". <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. <b>397</b> (1). ss. 5-13. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1992ApJ...397....5C">1992ApJ...397....5C</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/171759">10.1086/171759</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Özgürce erişilebilir"><img alt="Özgürce erişilebilir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Faint+galaxy+evolution+via+interactions&rft.pages=5-13&rft.date=1992-09&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F171759&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1992ApJ...397....5C&rft.aulast=Carlberg&rft.aufirst=R.+G.&rft.au=Charlot%2C+Stephane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Kron-4"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Kron_4-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak tez">Kron, Robert G. (1978). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978PhDT........13K/abstract"><i>Photometry of a Complete Sample of Faint Galaxies</i></a> (Ph.D. tez). Berkeley, California: University of California. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978PhDT........13K">1978PhDT........13K</a>. 25 Kasım 2023 tarihinde kaynağından <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231125052402/https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1978PhDT........13K/abstract">arşivlendi</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Erişim tarihi: 24 Eylül 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Adissertation&rft.title=Photometry+of+a+Complete+Sample+of+Faint+Galaxies&rft.degree=Ph.D.&rft.inst=University+of+California&rft.date=1978&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1978PhDT........13K&rft.aulast=Kron&rft.aufirst=Robert+G.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fui.adsabs.harvard.edu%2Fabs%2F1978PhDT........13K%2Fabstract&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Peterson-5"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Peterson_5-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Peterson, B. A.; Ellis, R. S.; Kibblewhite, E. J.; Bridgeland, M. T.; Hooley, T.; Horne, D. (1 Kasım 1979). "Number magnitude counts of faint galaxies". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. Cilt 233. ss. L109-L113. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979ApJ...233L.109P">1979ApJ...233L.109P</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/183087">10.1086/183087</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Özgürce erişilebilir"><img alt="Özgürce erişilebilir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Number+magnitude+counts+of+faint+galaxies&rft.pages=L109-L113&rft.date=1979-11-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F183087&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1979ApJ...233L.109P&rft.aulast=Peterson&rft.aufirst=B.+A.&rft.au=Ellis%2C+R.+S.&rft.au=Kibblewhite%2C+E.+J.&rft.au=Bridgeland%2C+M.+T.&rft.au=Hooley%2C+T.&rft.au=Horne%2C+D.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Tyson-6"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Tyson_6-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Tyson, J. A.; Jarvis, J. F. (15 Haziran 1979). "Evolution of galaxies – Automated faint object counts to 24th magnitude". <i>Astrophysical Journal Letters</i>. Cilt 230. ss. L153-L156. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1979ApJ...230L.153T">1979ApJ...230L.153T</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/182982">10.1086/182982</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Evolution+of+galaxies+%E2%80%93+Automated+faint+object+counts+to+24th+magnitude&rft.pages=L153-L156&rft.date=1979-06-15&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F182982&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1979ApJ...230L.153T&rft.aulast=Tyson&rft.aufirst=J.+A.&rft.au=Jarvis%2C+J.+F.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yoshii-7"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Yoshii_7-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Yoshii, Yuzuru; Takahara, Fumio (1 Kasım 1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_astrophysical-journal_1989-11-01_346_1/page/28">"On the redshift-volume measurement of the cosmological density parameter"</a>. <i>Astrophysical Journal</i>. Cilt 346. ss. 28-33. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1989ApJ...346...28Y">1989ApJ...346...28Y</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086/167983">10.1086/167983</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=On+the+redshift-volume+measurement+of+the+cosmological+density+parameter&rft.pages=28-33&rft.date=1989-11-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1086%2F167983&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1989ApJ...346...28Y&rft.aulast=Yoshii&rft.aufirst=Yuzuru&rft.au=Takahara%2C+Fumio&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_astrophysical-journal_1989-11-01_346_1%2Fpage%2F28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Koo-8"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Koo_8-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak konferans">Koo, David C. (21–23 Haziran 1989). "The evolution of field galaxies – Is Omega = 1?". <i>Evolution of the universe of galaxies; Proceedings of the Edwin Hubble Centennial Symposium</i>. Berkeley, California: Astronomical Society of the Pacific. ss. 268-285. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1990ASPC...10..268K">1990ASPC...10..268K</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=konferans&rft.atitle=The+evolution+of+field+galaxies+%E2%80%93+Is+Omega+%3D+1%3F&rft.btitle=Evolution+of+the+universe+of+galaxies%3B+Proceedings+of+the+Edwin+Hubble+Centennial+Symposium&rft.place=Berkeley%2C+California&rft.pages=268-285&rft.pub=Astronomical+Society+of+the+Pacific&rft.date=1989-06-21%2F1989-06-23&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1990ASPC...10..268K&rft.aulast=Koo&rft.aufirst=David+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Broadhurst-9"><strong><a href="#cite_ref-Broadhurst_9-0">^</a></strong> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="kaynak dergi">Broadhurst, T. J.; Ellis, R. S.; Shanks, T. (1 Aralık 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/sim_monthly-notices-of-the-royal-astronomical-society_1988-12-01_235_3/page/827">"The Durham/Anglo-Australian Telescope faint galaxy redshift survey"</a>. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. <b>235</b> (3). ss. 827-856. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1988MNRAS.235..827B">1988MNRAS.235..827B</a>. <a href="/wiki/Say%C4%B1sal_nesne_tan%C4%B1mlay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Sayısal nesne tanımlayıcısı">doi</a>:<span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/235.3.827">10.1093/mnras/235.3.827</a> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Özgürce erişilebilir"><img alt="Özgürce erişilebilir" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="9" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/14px-Lock-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/18px-Lock-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="813" /></span></span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Durham%2FAnglo-Australian+Telescope+faint+galaxy+redshift+survey&rft.pages=827-856&rft.date=1988-12-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fmnras%2F235.3.827&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1988MNRAS.235..827B&rft.aulast=Broadhurst&rft.aufirst=T.+J.&rft.au=Ellis%2C+R.+S.&rft.au=Shanks%2C+T.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fsim_monthly-notices-of-the-royal-astronomical-society_1988-12-01_235_3%2Fpage%2F827&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Ftr.wikipedia.org%3ASoluk+mavi+galaksi" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Galaksiler" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r25548259">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output 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galaksi">küremsi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%BCce_sarmal_galaksi" title="Cüce sarmal galaksi">sarmal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCzensiz_galaksi" title="Düzensiz galaksi">Düzensiz galaksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuklu_d%C3%BCzensiz_galaksi" title="Çubuklu düzensiz galaksi">çubuklu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliptik_galaksi" title="Eliptik galaksi">Eliptik galaksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tip-cD_galaksi" title="Tip-cD galaksi">cD-galaksi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Halkal%C4%B1_galaksi" title="Halkalı galaksi">Halkalı</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kutup-halkal%C4%B1_galaksi" title="Kutup-halkalı galaksi">kutup-halkalı</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merceksi_galaksi" title="Merceksi galaksi">Merceksi galaksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuklu_merceksi_galaksi" title="Çubuklu merceksi galaksi">çubuklu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuksuz_merceksi_galaksi" title="Çubuksuz merceksi galaksi">çubuksuz</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmal_galaksi" title="Sarmal galaksi">Sarmal galaksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ara_sarmal_galaksi" title="Ara sarmal galaksi">ara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BCy%C3%BCk_tasar%C4%B1m_sarmal_galaksi" title="Büyük tasarım sarmal galaksi">büyük tasarım</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuklu_sarmal_galaksi" title="Çubuklu sarmal galaksi">çubuklu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuksuz_sarmal_galaksi" title="Çubuksuz sarmal galaksi">çubuksuz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Macellans%C4%B1_sarmal" title="Macellansı sarmal">macellansı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solgun_galaksi" title="Solgun galaksi">solgun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Topaklanm%C4%B1%C5%9F_sarmal_galaksi" title="Topaklanmış sarmal galaksi">topaklanmış</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuhaf_galaksi" title="Tuhaf galaksi">Tuhaf galaksi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Yapı</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%C3%87ubuklu_sarmal_galaksi" title="Çubuklu sarmal galaksi">Çubuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kara_delik#Dev_kara_delikler" title="Kara delik">Dev kütleli karadelik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_disk" title="Galaktik disk">Disk</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Disk_galaksisi" title="Disk galaksisi">Disk galaksisi</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aktif_galaksi_%C3%A7ekirde%C4%9Fi" title="Aktif galaksi çekirdeği">Aktif galaksi çekirdeği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_halesi" title="Galaksi halesi">Galaksi halesi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_ta%C3%A7" title="Galaktik taç">taç</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_d%C3%BCzlem" title="Galaktik düzlem">Galaktik düzlem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_merkezi" title="Galaksi merkezi">Galaksi merkezi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_s%C4%B1rt" title="Galaktik sırt">Galaktik sırt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%96n_galaksi" title="Ön galaksi">İlkel galaksi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kada_iplik%C3%A7i%C4%9Fi" class="mw-redirect" title="Gökada iplikçiği">Gökada iplikçiği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karanl%C4%B1k_madde_halesi" title="Karanlık madde halesi">Karanlık madde halesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmal_galaksi" title="Sarmal galaksi">Sarmal kol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Ei%C5%9Fkinlik_(g%C3%B6kbilim)" title="Şişkinlik (gökbilim)">Şişkinlik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1zlararas%C4%B1_madde" class="mw-redirect" title="Yıldızlararası madde">Yıldızlararası madde</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Aktif_galaksi_%C3%A7ekirde%C4%9Fi" title="Aktif galaksi çekirdeği">Aktif çekirdek</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blazar" title="Blazar">Blazar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuasar" title="Kuasar">Kuasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mikrokuasar" title="Mikrokuasar">Mikrokuasar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LINER" title="LINER">LINER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BL_Lacertae_nesnesi" title="BL Lacertae nesnesi">BL Lacertae nesnesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Relativistik_jet" class="mw-redirect" title="Relativistik jet">Relativistik jet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Markarian_galaksileri" title="Markarian galaksileri">Markarian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radyo_galaksisi" title="Radyo galaksisi">Radyo galaksisi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/DRAGN" class="mw-redirect" title="DRAGN">DRAGN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X-%C5%9Fekilli_radyo_galaksi" title="X-şekilli radyo galaksi">X-şekilli</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seyfert_galaksisi" title="Seyfert galaksisi">Seyfert galaksisi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Enerjik Galaksiler</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Parlak_k%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%B6tesi_g%C3%B6kada" title="Parlak kızılötesi gökada">Parlak kızılötesi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/ULIRG" class="mw-redirect" title="ULIRG">ULIRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HLIRG" class="mw-redirect" title="HLIRG">HLIRG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ELIRG" class="mw-redirect" title="ELIRG">ELIRG</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman-alfa_yay%C4%B1c%C4%B1s%C4%B1" title="Lyman-alfa yayıcısı">Lyman-alfa yayıcısı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyman_kesi%C4%9Fi_g%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" title="Lyman kesiği gökadası">Lyman kesiği</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1cak,_tozla_gizlenmi%C5%9F_galaksi" title="Sıcak, tozla gizlenmiş galaksi">Sıcak, tozla gizlenmiş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_patlama_galaksisi" title="Yıldız patlama galaksisi">Starburst galaksisi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/C%C3%BCce_galaksi#Cüce_galaksilerin_yaygın_türleri" title="Cüce galaksi">bcd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bezelye_g%C3%B6kadalar%C4%B1" title="Bezelye gökadaları">bezelye</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">soluk mavi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parlak_k%C4%B1z%C4%B1l%C3%B6tesi_g%C3%B6kada" title="Parlak kızılötesi gökada">Parlak kızılötesi gökada</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hanny%27nin_Nesnesi" title="Hanny'nin Nesnesi">Hanny'nin Nesnesi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wolf-Rayet_g%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="Wolf-Rayet gökadası">Wolf-Rayet gökadası</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Düşük etkinlik</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A%C5%9F%C4%B1r%C4%B1_da%C4%9F%C4%B1n%C4%B1k_galaksi" title="Aşırı dağınık galaksi">Aşırı dağınık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BC%C5%9F%C3%BCk_y%C3%BCzey_parlakl%C4%B1%C4%9F%C4%B1na_sahip_g%C3%B6kada" title="Düşük yüzey parlaklığına sahip gökada">Düşük yüzey parlaklığı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karanl%C4%B1k_galaksi" title="Karanlık galaksi">Karanlık galaksi</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Etkileşim</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alan_galaksisi" title="Alan galaksisi">Alan galaksisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo%C5%9Fluk_galaksisi" title="Boşluk galaksisi">Boşluk galaksisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bo%C5%9Fluk_(astronomi)" title="Boşluk (astronomi)">Boşluk ve süperboşluklar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denizanas%C4%B1_galaksisi" title="Denizanası galaksisi">Denizanası</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_k%C3%BCmesi" title="Galaksi kümesi">Bulut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_iplik%C3%A7i%C4%9Fi" title="Galaksi iplikçiği">Duvarlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etkile%C5%9Fen_galaksi" title="Etkileşen galaksi">Etkileşen galaksi</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_birle%C5%9Fmesi" title="Galaksi birleşmesi">birleşme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_gelgit" title="Galaktik gelgit">Galaktik gelgit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_k%C3%BCmesi" title="Galaksi kümesi">Grup ve kümeler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/En_parlak_k%C3%BCme_g%C3%B6kadas%C4%B1" title="En parlak küme gökadası">BCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosil_grubu" title="Fosil grubu">fosil grup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_grubu" title="Galaksi grubu">grup</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_k%C3%BCmesi" title="Galaksi kümesi">küme</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCperk%C3%BCme" title="Süperküme">Süperkümeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uydu_galaksi" title="Uydu galaksi">Uydu galaksi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z_kinemati%C4%9Fi" title="Yıldız kinematiği">Yıldız akıntısı</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Galaksiler_listesi" title="Galaksiler listesi">Listeler</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bo%C5%9Fluklar_listesi" title="Boşluklar listesi">Boşluklar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksiler_listesi" title="Galaksiler listesi">Galaksiler</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galaksiler_listesi" title="Galaksiler listesi">En büyük</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yak%C4%B1n_galaksiler_listesi" title="Yakın galaksiler listesi">En yakın</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Halkal%C4%B1_galaksiler_listesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Halkalı galaksiler listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Halkalı</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kutup-halkal%C4%B1_galaksiler_listesi&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kutup-halkalı galaksiler listesi (sayfa mevcut değil)">Kutup-halkalı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarmal_galaksiler_listesi" title="Sarmal galaksiler listesi">Sarmal</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuasarlar_listesi" title="Kuasarlar listesi">Kuasarlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_k%C3%BCmeleri_listesi" title="Galaksi kümeleri listesi">Kümeler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCperk%C3%BCme#Süperkümeler_listesi" title="Süperküme">Süperkümeler</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Ayrıca bakınız</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ekstragalaktik_astronomi" title="Ekstragalaktik astronomi">Ekstragalaktik astronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%B6kada_d%C3%B6n%C3%BC%C5%9F_e%C4%9Frisi" title="Gökada dönüş eğrisi">Galaksi dönüş eğrisi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_koordinat_sistemi" title="Galaksi koordinat sistemi">Galaksi koordinat sistemi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksi_olu%C5%9Fumu_ve_evrimi" title="Galaksi oluşumu ve evrimi">Galaksi oluşumu ve evrimi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Galaksileraras%C4%B1_seyahat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Galaksilerarası seyahat (sayfa mevcut değil)">Galaksilerarası seyahat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksileraras%C4%B1_toz" title="Galaksilerarası toz">Galaksilerarası toz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaksileraras%C4%B1_y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1z" title="Galaksilerarası yıldız">Galaksilerarası yıldızlar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_astronomi" title="Galaktik astronomi">Galaktik astronomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galaktik_ya%C5%9Fanabilir_b%C3%B6lge" title="Galaktik yaşanabilir bölge">Galaktik yaşanabilir bölge</a></li></ul> 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