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aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Early_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Early_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Early history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Early_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Construction_and_development" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Construction_and_development"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Construction and development</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Construction_and_development-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recent_history" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recent_history"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Recent history</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Recent_history-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geography</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geography-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Geography subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cityscape" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cityscape"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Cityscape</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Cityscape subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Cityscape-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Civic_administration" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Civic_administration"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Civic administration</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Civic_administration-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sectors" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sectors"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Sectors</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sectors-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Islamabad–Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Islamabad–Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.3</span> <span>Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Islamabad–Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Architecture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Architecture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.4</span> <span>Architecture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Architecture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demographics" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demographics"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Demographics</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Demographics subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Demographics-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Language" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Language"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Language</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Language-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Literacy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Literacy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Literacy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Literacy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religion" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religion"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Religion</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religion-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Culture" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Culture"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Culture</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Culture-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Education" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Education"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Education</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Education-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Education subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Education-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Universities_and_colleges" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Universities_and_colleges"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9.1</span> <span>Universities and colleges</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Universities_and_colleges-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Healthcare" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Healthcare"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Healthcare</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Healthcare-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Transport</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Transport-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Transport subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Aerial_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aerial_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.1</span> <span>Aerial transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aerial_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Public_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Public_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.2</span> <span>Public transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Public_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Railway" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Railway"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.3</span> <span>Railway</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Railway-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Private_transport" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Private_transport"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.4</span> <span>Private transport</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Private_transport-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Roadways" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Roadways"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11.5</span> <span>Roadways</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Roadways-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sports" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sports"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Sports</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sports-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Recreation" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Recreation"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Recreation</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Recreation-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Recreation subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Recreation-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Faisal_Mosque" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Faisal_Mosque"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.1</span> <span>Faisal Mosque</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Faisal_Mosque-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Trail_3" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Trail_3"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.2</span> <span>Trail 3</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Trail_3-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pakistan_Monument" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pakistan_Monument"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.3</span> <span>Pakistan Monument</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pakistan_Monument-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Shah_Allah_Ditta_Caves" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Shah_Allah_Ditta_Caves"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13.4</span> <span>Shah Allah Ditta Caves</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Shah_Allah_Ditta_Caves-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Twin_towns_and_sister_cities"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>Twin towns and sister cities</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Twin_towns_and_sister_cities-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">15</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">16</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">17</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">18</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Islamabad</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 169 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-169" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">169 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Acehnese" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Acehnese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A2%E1%88%B5%E1%88%8B%E1%88%9B%E1%89%A3%E1%8B%B5" title="ኢስላማባድ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኢስላማባድ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="إسلام آباد – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%9B%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="ইছলামাবাদ – Assamese" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ইছলামাবাদ" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-awa mw-list-item"><a href="https://awa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इस्लामाबाद – Awadhi" lang="awa" hreflang="awa" data-title="इस्लामाबाद" data-language-autonym="अवधी" data-language-local-name="Awadhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>अवधी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamabad" title="İslamabad – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İslamabad" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="ایسلام آباد – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ایسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Balinese" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Balinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Basa Bali</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%B2%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="ইসলামাবাদ – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ইসলামাবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ісламабад – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Ісламабад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ісламабад – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Ісламабад" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A6%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%A3%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%96%E0%BD%BC%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨི་སི་ལམ་བོ། – Tibetan" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨི་སི་ལམ་བོ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibetan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>བོད་ཡིག</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad_(ulohang_dakbayan_sa_Pakistan)" title="Islamabad (ulohang dakbayan sa Pakistan) – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Islamabad (ulohang dakbayan sa Pakistan)" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A1m%C3%A1b%C3%A1d" title="Islámábád – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Islámábád" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sn mw-list-item"><a href="https://sn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Shona" lang="sn" hreflang="sn" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="ChiShona" data-language-local-name="Shona" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ChiShona</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Northern Sami" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Northern Sami" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Davvisámegiella</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%87%DE%A8%DE%90%DE%B0%DE%8D%DE%A7%DE%89%DE%B0%DE%87%DE%A7%DE%84%DE%A7%DE%8B%DE%AA" title="އިސްލާމްއާބާދު – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="އިސްލާމްއާބާދު" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C4%AF%CC%81%C4%AF%CC%81%CA%BCyaa%CA%BC%C3%A1h%C3%AD" title="Dį́į́ʼyaaʼáhí – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Dį́į́ʼyaaʼáhí" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dty mw-list-item"><a href="https://dty.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इस्लामाबाद – Doteli" lang="dty" hreflang="dty" data-title="इस्लामाबाद" data-language-autonym="डोटेली" data-language-local-name="Doteli" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>डोटेली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CF%83%CE%BB%CE%B1%CE%BC%CE%B1%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%AC%CE%BD%CF%84" title="Ισλαμαμπάντ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ισλαμαμπάντ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabado" title="Islamabado – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Islamabado" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%E2%80%8C%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام‌آباد – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اسلام‌آباد" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Fiji Hindi" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Fiji Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Scottish Gaelic" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Scottish Gaelic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ki mw-list-item"><a href="https://ki.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Kikuyu" lang="ki" hreflang="ki" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Gĩkũyũ" data-language-local-name="Kikuyu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gĩkũyũ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%87%E0%AA%B8%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%B2%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%AC%E0%AA%BE%E0%AA%A6" title="ઇસ્લામાબાદ – Gujarati" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="ઇસ્લામાબાદ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarati" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%B4%EC%8A%AC%EB%9D%BC%EB%A7%88%EB%B0%94%EB%93%9C" title="이슬라마바드 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="이슬라마바드" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%BD%D5%AC%D5%A1%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%A2%D5%A1%D5%A4" title="Իսլամաբադ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իսլամաբադ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इस्लामाबाद – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="इस्लामाबाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%91%D7%90%D7%93" title="אסלאמאבאד – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אסלאמאבאד" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%B8%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AC%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%8D" title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮಾಬಾದ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಇಸ್ಲಾಮಾಬಾದ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ისლამაბადი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ისლამაბადი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%90%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%96" title="اِسلام آبادٖ – Kashmiri" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="اِسلام آبادٖ" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmiri" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rw mw-list-item"><a href="https://rw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Kinyarwanda" lang="rw" hreflang="rw" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Ikinyarwanda" data-language-local-name="Kinyarwanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ikinyarwanda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Haitian Creole" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Haitian Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kreyòl ayisyen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Eslamabad" title="Îslamabad – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Îslamabad" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabada" title="Islamabada – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Islamabada" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C4%81m%C4%81b%C4%81da" title="Islāmābāda – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Islāmābāda" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadas" title="Islamabadas – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Islamabadas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Livvinkarjala</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Lombard" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="Lombard" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iszl%C3%A1m%C3%A1b%C3%A1d" title="Iszlámábád – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Iszlámábád" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mai mw-list-item"><a href="https://mai.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इस्लामाबाद – Maithili" lang="mai" hreflang="mai" data-title="इस्लामाबाद" data-language-autonym="मैथिली" data-language-local-name="Maithili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मैथिली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%87%E0%B4%B8%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B2%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%AC%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%8D" title="ഇസ്ലാമബാദ് – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ഇസ്ലാമബാദ്" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mi mw-list-item"><a href="https://mi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Māori" lang="mi" hreflang="mi" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Māori" data-language-local-name="Māori" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Māori</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इस्लामाबाद – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="इस्लामाबाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1%E1%83%9A%E1%83%90%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%91%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%98" title="ისლამაბადი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="ისლამაბადი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام اباد – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسلام اباد" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام آباد – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="اسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Mirandese" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="Mirandese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%85%E1%80%B9%E1%80%85%E1%80%9C%E1%80%AC%E1%80%99%E1%80%AC%E1%80%98%E1%80%90%E1%80%BA%E1%80%99%E1%80%BC%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%B7" title="အစ္စလာမာဘတ်မြို့ – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အစ္စလာမာဘတ်မြို့" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="इस्लामाबाद – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="इस्लामाबाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A4%E3%82%B9%E3%83%A9%E3%83%9E%E3%83%90%E3%83%BC%E3%83%89" title="イスラマバード – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="イスラマバード" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nap mw-list-item"><a href="https://nap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Neapolitan" lang="nap" hreflang="nap" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Napulitano" data-language-local-name="Neapolitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Napulitano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nov mw-list-item"><a href="https://nov.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Novial" lang="nov" hreflang="nov" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Novial" data-language-local-name="Novial" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Novial</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%87%E0%AC%B8%E0%AC%B2%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AE%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%AC%E0%AC%BE%E0%AC%A6" title="ଇସଲାମାବାଦ – Odia" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଇସଲାମାବାଦ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Odia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ଓଡ଼ିଆ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islomobod" title="Islomobod – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Islomobod" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%87%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%B2%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AC%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਇਸਲਾਮਾਬਾਦ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਇਸਲਾਮਾਬਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام آباد – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="اسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام اباد – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="اسلام اباد" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabade" title="Islamabade – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Islamabade" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamabad" title="İslamabad – Crimean Tatar" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İslamabad" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="Crimean Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yi-se-lan-ma-pa-de" title="Yi-se-lan-ma-pa-de – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Yi-se-lan-ma-pa-de" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%87%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B2%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AC%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D" title="इस्लामाबाद् – Sanskrit" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="इस्लामाबाद्" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskrit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>संस्कृतम्</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%A5%E1%B1%9E%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%B5%E1%B1%9F%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%BD" title="ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱤᱥᱞᱟᱢᱟᱵᱟᱫᱽ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام آباد – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="اسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Sardinian" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sardu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabadi" title="Islamabadi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Islamabadi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%89%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8A%E0%B6%BD%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B8%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%B6%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A" title="ඉස්ලාමාබාද් – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="ඉස්ලාමාබාද්" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام آباد – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="اسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="ئیسلاماباد – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیسلاماباد" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Sundanese" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%87%E0%AE%B8%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%B2%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%8D" title="இஸ்லாமாபாத் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="இஸ்லாமாபாத்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamabad" title="İslamabad – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="İslamabad" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%87%E0%B0%B8%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%B2%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AC%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%8D" title="ఇస్లామాబాద్ – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="ఇస్లామాబాద్" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%94" title="อิสลามาบาด – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อิสลามาบาด" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BE%D0%B4" title="Исломобод – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Исломобод" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamabad" title="İslamabad – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="İslamabad" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Исламабад – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Исламабад" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D1%81%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%B1%D0%B0%D0%B4" title="Ісламабад – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Ісламабад" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="اسلام آباد – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اسلام آباد" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D9%89%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A6%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF" title="ئىسلامئاباد – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئىسلامئاباد" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Võro" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="Võro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" title="Islamabad – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Islamabad" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯兰堡 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="伊斯兰堡" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%A1%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%9E%D7%90%D7%91%D7%90%D7%93" title="איסלאמאבאד – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="איסלאמאבאד" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Isl%C3%A0mabad" title="Islàmabad – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Islàmabad" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Yorùbá</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E5%A0%A1" title="伊斯蘭堡 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="伊斯蘭堡" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0slamabad" title="İslamabad – Dimli" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İslamabad" 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system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Islamabad&params=33_41_35_N_73_03_50_E_region:PK_type:city(1108872)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°41′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°03′50″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.69306°N 73.06389°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.69306; 73.06389</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> <div id="mw-indicator-pp-default" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Protection_policy#semi" title="This article is semi-protected due to vandalism"><img alt="Page semi-protected" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/20px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/30px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/1/1b/Semi-protection-shackle.svg/40px-Semi-protection-shackle.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Capital of Pakistan</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the capital city of Pakistan. For the wider federal territory, see <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a>. For other uses, see <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_(disambiguation)" class="mw-disambig" title="Islamabad (disambiguation)">Islamabad (disambiguation)</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Federal capital city in Islamabad Capital Territory, Pakistan</div><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1043192559">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement{width:23em;border-collapse:collapse;line-height:1.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement td,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement th{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-label,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedtoprow .infobox-below{border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0.4em 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedrow .infobox-label{border:0;padding:0 0.6em 0.2em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-full-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-data,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .mergedbottomrow .infobox-label{border-top:0;border-bottom:1px solid #a2a9b1;padding:0 0.6em 0.4em 0.6em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .maptable{border:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-header,.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-below{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-above{font-size:125%;line-height:1.3em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement .infobox-subheader{background-color:#cddeff;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-native{font-weight:normal;padding-top:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-other-name{font-size:78%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-official{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption{padding:0.3em 0 0 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-caption-link{padding:0.2em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-nickname{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Islamabad</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native" lang="ur"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">اسلام آباد</span><br /><small><span title="Urdu-language romanization"><i lang="ur-Latn">Islām-ābād</i></span></small></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category"><a href="/wiki/Federal_capital" title="Federal capital">Federal capital city</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti">.mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner{display:flex;flex-direction:column}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{display:flex;flex-direction:row;clear:left;flex-wrap:wrap;width:100%;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{margin:1px;float:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .theader{clear:both;font-weight:bold;text-align:center;align-self:center;background-color:transparent;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbcaption{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-left{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-right{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .text-align-center{text-align:center}@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .tmulti .thumbinner{width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:none!important;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow{justify-content:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle{float:none!important;max-width:100%!important;box-sizing:border-box;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .tsingle .thumbcaption{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .tmulti .trow>.thumbcaption{text-align:center}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .tmulti .multiimageinner span:not(.skin-invert-image):not(.skin-invert):not(.bg-transparent) img{background-color:white}}</style><div class="thumb tmulti tnone center"><div class="multiimageinner" style="width:272px;max-width:272px;border:none"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:201px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faisal_Mosque,_Islamabad_III.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Faisal_Mosque%2C_Islamabad_III.jpg/268px-Faisal_Mosque%2C_Islamabad_III.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Faisal_Mosque%2C_Islamabad_III.jpg/402px-Faisal_Mosque%2C_Islamabad_III.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/eb/Faisal_Mosque%2C_Islamabad_III.jpg/536px-Faisal_Mosque%2C_Islamabad_III.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4618" data-file-height="3464" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Expressway" title="Islamabad Expressway">Islamabad Expressway</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg/132px-Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg/198px-Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg/264px-Pakistan_Monument_Islamabad_Capital.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Monument" title="Pakistan Monument">Pakistan Monument</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:99px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_@ibneazhar_(62).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_%40ibneazhar_%2862%29.jpg/132px-Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_%40ibneazhar_%2862%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="99" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_%40ibneazhar_%2862%29.jpg/198px-Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_%40ibneazhar_%2862%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_%40ibneazhar_%2862%29.jpg/264px-Fatima_Jinnah_Park_baradri_By_%40ibneazhar_%2862%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Jinnah_Park" title="Fatima Jinnah Park">Fatima Jinnah Park</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Parliament_House,_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Parliament_House%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/132px-Parliament_House%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Parliament_House%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/198px-Parliament_House%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Parliament_House%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/264px-Parliament_House%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1746" data-file-height="1164" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Pakistan" title="Parliament of Pakistan">Parliament of Pakistan</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:134px;max-width:134px"><div style="height:88px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan,_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/132px-Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg" decoding="async" width="132" height="88" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/198px-Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/86/Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/264px-Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan%2C_Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1840" data-file-height="1232" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan" title="Supreme Court of Pakistan">Supreme Court of Pakistan</a></div></div></div><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:270px;max-width:270px"><div style="height:115px;overflow:hidden"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faisal_Masjid,_Faisal_Avenue,_Islamabad,_Pakistan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Faisal_Masjid%2C_Faisal_Avenue%2C_Islamabad%2C_Pakistan.jpg/268px-Faisal_Masjid%2C_Faisal_Avenue%2C_Islamabad%2C_Pakistan.jpg" decoding="async" width="268" height="116" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Faisal_Masjid%2C_Faisal_Avenue%2C_Islamabad%2C_Pakistan.jpg/402px-Faisal_Masjid%2C_Faisal_Avenue%2C_Islamabad%2C_Pakistan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/Faisal_Masjid%2C_Faisal_Avenue%2C_Islamabad%2C_Pakistan.jpg/536px-Faisal_Masjid%2C_Faisal_Avenue%2C_Islamabad%2C_Pakistan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="8212" data-file-height="3553" /></a></span></div><div class="text-align-center"><a href="/wiki/Faisal_Mosque" title="Faisal Mosque">Faisal Mosque</a></div></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data maptable"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1028600610">.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols{text-align:center;display:table;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-row{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cell{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}.mw-parser-output .ib-settlement-cols-cellt{display:table-cell;vertical-align:top}</style> <div class="ib-settlement-cols"> <div class="ib-settlement-cols-row"><div class="ib-settlement-cols-cell"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_City_Flag.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Flag of Islamabad"><img alt="Flag of Islamabad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Islamabad_City_Flag.png/100px-Islamabad_City_Flag.png" decoding="async" width="100" height="63" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Islamabad_City_Flag.png/150px-Islamabad_City_Flag.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Islamabad_City_Flag.png/200px-Islamabad_City_Flag.png 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1000" /></a></span><div class="ib-settlement-caption-link">Flag</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Nickname(s): <div class="ib-settlement-nickname nickname">Isloo, The Green City</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><div class="switcher-container"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238443738">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:#fff!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .locmap{filter:grayscale(0.6)}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pv>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pl>div,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .od .pr>div{background:white!important;color:#000!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data .locmap div{background:transparent!important}}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamabad is located in Pakistan"><img alt="Islamabad is located in Pakistan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Pakistan_location_map.svg/250px-Pakistan_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Pakistan_location_map.svg/375px-Pakistan_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Pakistan_location_map.svg/500px-Pakistan_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="2365" data-file-height="1890" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:25.949%;left:62.819%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Islamabad"><img alt="Islamabad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div>Islamabad</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Pakistan</span></div></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238443738"><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Asia_laea_location_map.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamabad is located in Asia"><img alt="Islamabad is located in Asia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asia_laea_location_map.svg/250px-Asia_laea_location_map.svg.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asia_laea_location_map.svg/375px-Asia_laea_location_map.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6f/Asia_laea_location_map.svg/500px-Asia_laea_location_map.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1181" data-file-height="1050" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:54.835%;left:33.225%;font-size:91%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span class="notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Islamabad"><img alt="Islamabad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pv" style="width:6em;bottom:4px;left:-3em"><div>Islamabad</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em"></div><span class="switcher-label" style="display:none">Show map of Asia</span></div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Coordinates: <span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Islamabad&params=33_41_35_N_73_03_50_E_region:PK_type:city(1108872)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°41′35″N</span> <span class="longitude">73°03′50″E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.69306°N 73.06389°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.69306; 73.06389</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Country</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_units_of_Pakistan" title="Administrative units of Pakistan">Adm. Unit</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Constructed</th><td class="infobox-data">1960</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Established</th><td class="infobox-data">14 August 1967<span class="noprint">; 57 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="bday dtstart published updated">1967-08-14</span>)</span><sup id="cite_ref-McGarr_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McGarr-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Administrative Areas</th><td class="infobox-data"><div class="collapsible-list mw-collapsible" style="text-align: left;"> <div style="line-height: 1.6em; font-weight: bold;"><div>01</div></div> <ul class="mw-collapsible-content" style="margin-top: 0; margin-bottom: 0; line-height: inherit; list-style: none; margin-left: 0;"><li style="line-height: inherit; margin: 0"><b>Islamabad Tehsil</b></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Government<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Type</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Metropolitan_Corporation" title="Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation">Metropolitan Corporation</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Body</th><td class="infobox-data agent"><a href="/wiki/Capital_Development_Authority_(Islamabad)" title="Capital Development Authority (Islamabad)">Capital Development Authority</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Islamabad" title="Mayor of Islamabad">Mayor</a></th><td class="infobox-data">None (vacant)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Constituensy</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/NA-46_Islamabad-I" title="NA-46 Islamabad-I">NA-46 Islamabad-I</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NA-47_Islamabad-II" title="NA-47 Islamabad-II">NA-47 Islamabad-II</a><br /><a href="/wiki/NA-48_Islamabad-III" title="NA-48 Islamabad-III">NA-48 Islamabad-III</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Commissioner_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Commissioner (Pakistan)">Deputy Commissioner</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Irfan Nawaz Memon <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Administrative_Service" title="Pakistan Administrative Service">(BPS-19 PAS)</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Area<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">220.15 km<sup>2</sup> (85.00 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Urban<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">220.15 km<sup>2</sup> (85.00 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">906.50 km<sup>2</sup> (350.00 sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">666 m (2,185 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Highest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,584 m (5,197 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lowest elevation<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">417 m (1,368 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Population<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(<a href="/wiki/2023_Census_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="2023 Census of Pakistan">2023 census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-2023_Census_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_Census-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="white-space:nowrap;"> • City</div></th><td class="infobox-data">1,108,872</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Pakistan">10th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Density</th><td class="infobox-data">5,037/km<sup>2</sup> (13,050/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">Metro</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">2,363,863</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Metro density</th><td class="infobox-data">2,608/km<sup>2</sup> (6,750/sq mi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Rank (Metro)<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/List_of_metropolitan_areas_in_Pakistan" title="List of metropolitan areas in Pakistan">4th</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Time_zone" title="Time zone">Time zone</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B05:00" title="UTC+05:00">UTC+05:00</a> (<a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Standard_Time" title="Pakistan Standard Time">PKT</a>)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Postcode</th><td class="infobox-data adr"><div class="postal-code">44000</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbering_plan" title="Telephone numbering plan">Area code</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Telephone_numbers_in_Pakistan" title="Telephone numbers in Pakistan">051</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Website</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ictadministration.gov.pk/">ictadministration<wbr />.gov<wbr />.pk</a></span></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Islamabad</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ɪ/: 'i' in 'kit'">ɪ</span><span title="'z' in 'zoom'">z</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'l' in 'lie'">l</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="'b' in 'buy'">b</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'d' in 'dye'">d</span></span>/</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-1" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/e\/e6\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav\/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e6/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav/LL-Q1860_%28eng%29-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1860_(eng)-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav" title="File:LL-Q1860 (eng)-Vealhurl-Islamabad.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span></span>;<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Urdu_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Urdu language">Urdu</a>: <span lang="ur" dir="rtl"><span class="Nastaliq" dir="rtl" title="Nastaliq" style="font-family: 'Jameel Noori Nastaleeq', 'Urdu Typesetting', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu', 'Noto Nastaliq Urdu Draft', 'Hussaini Nastaleeq', 'AlQalam Taj Nastaleeq', IranNastaliq, 'Awami Nastaliq', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta3', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta2', 'Awami Nastaliq Beta1', 'Nafees Nastaleeq', 'Nafees Nastaleeq v1.01', 'Pak Nastaleeq', 'PDMS_Jauhar', 'Alvi Lahori Nastaleeq'; font-size: 110%; font-style: normal;">اسلام‌آباد</span></span>, <small><a href="/wiki/Romanization_of_Urdu" class="mw-redirect" title="Romanization of Urdu">romanized</a>: </small><span title="Urdu-language romanization"><i lang="ur-Latn">Islāmābād</i></span>, <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="ur-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Hindi_and_Urdu" title="Help:IPA/Hindi and Urdu">[ɪs.lɑːm.ɑː.bɑːd̪]</a></span> <span class="ext-phonos"><span data-nosnippet="" id="ooui-php-2" class="noexcerpt ext-phonos-PhonosButton ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel oo-ui-widget oo-ui-widget-enabled oo-ui-buttonElement oo-ui-buttonElement-frameless oo-ui-iconElement oo-ui-buttonWidget" data-ooui="{"_":"mw.Phonos.PhonosButton","href":"\/\/upload.wikimedia.org\/wikipedia\/commons\/transcoded\/5\/51\/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF.wav\/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF.wav.mp3","rel":["nofollow"],"framed":false,"icon":"volumeUp","data":{"ipa":"","text":"","lang":"en","wikibase":"","file":"LL-Q1617 (urd)-\u0646\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u0644-\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0622\u0628\u0627\u062f.wav"},"classes":["noexcerpt","ext-phonos-PhonosButton","ext-phonos-PhonosButton-emptylabel"]}"><a role="button" tabindex="0" href="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/51/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF.wav/LL-Q1617_%28urd%29-%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF.wav.mp3" rel="nofollow" aria-label="Play audio" title="Play audio" class="oo-ui-buttonElement-button"><span class="oo-ui-iconElement-icon oo-ui-icon-volumeUp"></span><span class="oo-ui-labelElement-label"></span><span class="oo-ui-indicatorElement-indicator oo-ui-indicatorElement-noIndicator"></span></a></span><sup class="ext-phonos-attribution noexcerpt navigation-not-searchable"><a href="/wiki/File:LL-Q1617_(urd)-%D9%86%D8%B9%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D8%AF%D9%84-%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85_%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF.wav" title="File:LL-Q1617 (urd)-نعم البدل-اسلام آباد.wav">ⓘ</a></sup></span>; <abbr title="translation">transl.</abbr><span> 'City of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>'</span>) is the <a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">capital city</a> of <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is the country's <a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Pakistan_by_population" title="List of cities in Pakistan by population">tenth-most populous city</a> with a population of 1,108,872 people<sup id="cite_ref-2023_Census_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2023_Census-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and is federally administered by the <a href="/wiki/Government_of_Pakistan" title="Government of Pakistan">Pakistani government</a> as part of the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a>. Built as a <a href="/wiki/Planned_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Planned city">planned city</a> in the 1960s and established in 1967, it replaced <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> as Pakistan's national capital. </p><p>The Greek architect <a href="/wiki/Constantinos_Apostolou_Doxiadis" title="Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis">Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis</a> developed Islamabad's <a href="/wiki/Planned_community" title="Planned community">master plan</a>, in which he divided it into eight zones; the city comprises administrative, <a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Enclave,_Islamabad" title="Diplomatic Enclave, Islamabad">diplomatic enclave</a>, residential areas, educational and industrial sectors, commercial areas, as well as rural and green areas administered by the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Metropolitan_Corporation" title="Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation">Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation</a> with support from the <a href="/wiki/Capital_Development_Authority_(Islamabad)" title="Capital Development Authority (Islamabad)">Capital Development Authority</a>. Islamabad is known for its parks and forests, including the <a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills_National_Park" title="Margalla Hills National Park">Margalla Hills National Park</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Shakarparian" title="Shakarparian">Shakarparian</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is home to several landmarks, including the country's flagship <a href="/wiki/Faisal_Mosque" title="Faisal Mosque">Faisal Mosque</a>, which is the <a href="/wiki/List_of_largest_mosques" title="List of largest mosques">world's fifth-largest mosque</a>. Other prominent landmarks include the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Monument" title="Pakistan Monument">Pakistan Monument</a> and <a href="/wiki/D-Chowk_(Islamabad)" title="D-Chowk (Islamabad)">Democracy Square</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Noyes_Mass_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Noyes_Mass-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Ravi_Kalia_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Ravi_Kalia-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Rated as <a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network#Gamma_+" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Gamma +</a> by the <a href="/wiki/Globalization_and_World_Cities_Research_Network" title="Globalization and World Cities Research Network">Globalization and World Cities Research Network</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad has one of the highest costs of living in Pakistan. The city's populace is dominated by both middle and upper-middle class citizens.<sup id="cite_ref-Hetland_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hetland-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad is home to twenty universities, including <a href="/wiki/Bahria_University" title="Bahria University">Bahria University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quaid-i-Azam_University" title="Quaid-i-Azam University">Quaid-e-Azam University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Institute_of_Engineering_and_Applied_Sciences" title="Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences">PIEAS</a>, <a href="/wiki/COMSATS_University_Islamabad" title="COMSATS University Islamabad">COMSATS University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Sciences_%26_Technology" title="National University of Sciences & Technology">NUST</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-HEC_Rankings_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HEC_Rankings-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is also rated as one of the safest cities in Pakistan and has an expansive <a href="/wiki/Radio-frequency_identification" title="Radio-frequency identification">RFID</a>-enabled surveillance system with almost 2,000 active <a href="/wiki/Closed-circuit_television" title="Closed-circuit television">CCTV</a> cameras.<sup id="cite_ref-tribune.com.pk_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tribune.com.pk-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Toponymy">Toponymy</h2></div> <p>The name <i>Islamabad</i> means <i>City of Islam</i>. It is derived from two words: <i>Islam</i> and <i>abad</i>. <i>Islam</i> refers to the religion of <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a>, Pakistan's <a href="/wiki/State_religion" title="State religion">state religion</a>, and <i><a href="/wiki/-abad" class="mw-redirect" title="-abad">-abad</a></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Persian_language" title="Persian language">Persian</a> suffix meaning <i>cultivated place</i>, indicating an inhabited place or city.<sup id="cite_ref-Adrian_Room_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Adrian_Room-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to a history book by <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ismail_Zabeeh" title="Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh">Muhammad Ismail Zabeeh</a>, teacher and poet <a href="/wiki/Qazi_Abdur_Rehman_Amritsari" title="Qazi Abdur Rehman Amritsari">Qazi Abdur Rehman Amritsari</a> proposed the name of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Occasionally in writing, Islamabad is colloquially abbreviated <i>ISB</i>. Such usage originated in <a href="/wiki/SMS_language" title="SMS language">SMS language</a>, in part due to the <a href="/wiki/IATA_location_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="IATA location identifier">IATA location identifier</a> for the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_International_Airport" title="Islamabad International Airport">Islamabad International Airport</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/History_of_Islamabad" title="History of Islamabad">History of Islamabad</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Early_history">Early history</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a>, located on the <a href="/wiki/Pothohar_Plateau" title="Pothohar Plateau">Pothohar Plateau</a> of the northern <a href="/wiki/Punjab_region" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab region">Punjab region</a>, is considered one of the earliest sites of human settlement in Asia.<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan_net-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some of the earliest <a href="/wiki/Stone_Age" title="Stone Age">Stone Age</a> artefacts in the world have been found on the plateau, dating from 100,000 to 500,000 years ago. Rudimentary stones recovered from the terraces of the <a href="/wiki/Soan_River" title="Soan River">Soan River</a> testify to the endeavours of early man in the <a href="/wiki/Glacial_period" title="Glacial period">inter-glacial</a> period.<sup id="cite_ref-defence_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defence-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Items of pottery and utensils dating back to prehistory have been found.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Excavations by Dr. Abdul Ghafoor Lone reveal evidence of a prehistoric culture in the area. Relics and human skulls have been found dating back to 5000 BCE that indicate the region was home to <a href="/wiki/Neolithic" title="Neolithic">Neolithic</a> peoples who settled on the banks of the Soan<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan_net-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and who later developed small communities in the region around 3000 BCE.<sup id="cite_ref-defence_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-defence-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilization">Indus Valley civilization</a> flourished in the region between the 23rd and 18th centuries BCE. Later the area was an early settlement of the <a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">Aryan</a> community <a href="/wiki/Indo-Aryan_migrations" title="Indo-Aryan migrations">which migrated</a> into the region from <a href="/wiki/Central_Asia" title="Central Asia">Central Asia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan_net-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many great armies such as those of <a href="/wiki/Zahiruddin_Babur" class="mw-redirect" title="Zahiruddin Babur">Zahiruddin Babur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Genghis_Khan" title="Genghis Khan">Genghis Khan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timur" title="Timur">Timur</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ahmad_Shah_Durrani" title="Ahmad Shah Durrani">Ahmad Shah Durrani</a> crossed the region during their invasions of the <a href="/wiki/Indian_subcontinent" title="Indian subcontinent">Indian subcontinent</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan_net-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2015–16, the Federal Department of Archaeology and Museums, with the financial support of National Fund for Cultural Heritage, carried out initial archaeological excavations in which unearthed the remains of a Buddhist stupa at Ban Faqiran, near the <a href="/wiki/Shah_Allah_Ditta" title="Shah Allah Ditta">Shah Allah Ditta</a> caves, which was dated to the 2nd to the 5th century CE.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="15th-century Pharwala Fort beside the Swaan River"><img alt="15th-century Pharwala Fort beside the Swaan River" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG/240px-Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG/360px-Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG/480px-Gate_of_Pharwala_Fort_toward_the_Swaan_stream.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">15th-century <a href="/wiki/Pharwala" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharwala">Pharwala Fort</a> beside the <a href="/wiki/Swaan_River" class="mw-redirect" title="Swaan River">Swaan River</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The Shrine of Meher Ali Shah was completed immediately before construction began on the future capital city just east of the shrine"><img alt="The Shrine of Meher Ali Shah was completed immediately before construction began on the future capital city just east of the shrine" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg/271px-Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg/406px-Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg/542px-Mausoleum_of_Meher_Ali_Shah_by_Balochlens.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1805" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The <a href="/wiki/Shrine_of_Meher_Ali_Shah" title="Shrine of Meher Ali Shah">Shrine of Meher Ali Shah</a> was completed immediately before construction began on the future capital city just east of the shrine</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="The caves at Shah Allah Ditta, on Islamabad's outskirts, were part of an ancient Buddhist monastic community"><img alt="The caves at Shah Allah Ditta, on Islamabad's outskirts, were part of an ancient Buddhist monastic community" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG/240px-Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG/360px-Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG/480px-Shah_Allah_Ditta_caves_2.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3648" data-file-height="2736" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The caves at <a href="/wiki/Shah_Allah_Ditta" title="Shah Allah Ditta">Shah Allah Ditta</a>, on Islamabad's outskirts, were part of an ancient Buddhist monastic community</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Saidpur_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="The restored village of Saidpur predates the surrounding city of Islamabad"><img alt="The restored village of Saidpur predates the surrounding city of Islamabad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Saidpur_1.jpg/270px-Saidpur_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Saidpur_1.jpg/405px-Saidpur_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Saidpur_1.jpg/540px-Saidpur_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">The restored village of <a href="/wiki/Saidpur,_Islamabad" title="Saidpur, Islamabad">Saidpur</a> predates the surrounding city of Islamabad</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Construction_and_development">Construction and development</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Developments_in_Islamabad" title="Developments in Islamabad">Developments in Islamabad</a></div> <p>When Pakistan gained independence in 1947, the southern port city of <a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a> was its provisional national capital. In 1958, a commission was constituted to select a suitable site near <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> for the national capital with particular emphasis on location, climate, logistics, and defence requirements, along with other attributes. After extensive study, research, and a thorough review of potential sites, the commission recommended the area northeast of Rawalpindi in 1959 which was used as provisional capital from that year on.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Orient_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Orient-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-M._Bloom_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M._Bloom-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the 1960s, Islamabad was constructed as a <a href="/wiki/Capital_city#capital_as_symbol" title="Capital city">forward capital</a> for several reasons.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karachi was also located at the southern end of the country, and exposed to attacks from the <a href="/wiki/Arabian_Sea" title="Arabian Sea">Arabian Sea</a>. Pakistan needed a capital that was easily accessible from all parts of the country.<sup id="cite_ref-New_Orient_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-New_Orient-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Weightman_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Weightman-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Karachi, a business centre, was also considered unsuitable partly because of intervention of business interests in government affairs.<sup id="cite_ref-Saxon_33-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saxon-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The newly selected location of Islamabad was closer to the <a href="/wiki/General_Headquarters_(Pakistan_Army)" title="General Headquarters (Pakistan Army)">army headquarters</a> in Rawalpindi and the disputed territory of <a href="/wiki/Kashmir" title="Kashmir">Kashmir</a> in the north.<sup id="cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pakistan_net-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A Greek firm of architects, led by <a href="/wiki/Konstantinos_Apostolos_Doxiadis" class="mw-redirect" title="Konstantinos Apostolos Doxiadis">Konstantinos Apostolos Doxiadis</a>, designed the master plan of the city based on a <a href="/wiki/Grid_plan" title="Grid plan">grid plan</a> which was triangular in shape with its apex towards the <a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills" title="Margalla Hills">Margalla Hills</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The capital was not moved directly from Karachi to Islamabad; it was first shifted temporarily to Rawalpindi in the early 1960s and then to Islamabad when essential development work was completed in 1966.<sup id="cite_ref-Maneesha_Tikekar_35-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maneesha_Tikekar-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1981, Islamabad separated from Punjab province to form Capital Territory. Such world-renowned architects as <a href="/wiki/Edward_Durell_Stone" title="Edward Durell Stone">Edward Durell Stone</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gio_Ponti" title="Gio Ponti">Gio Ponti</a> have been associated with the city's development.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Recent_history">Recent history</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG/220px-Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG/330px-Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG/440px-Islamabad_Metro_Bus.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="1961" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi-Islamabad_Metrobus" title="Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus">Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus</a> was built in 2015 to connect Islamabad with neighbouring <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad has attracted people from all over Pakistan, making it one of the most cosmopolitan and urbanised cities of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the capital city it has hosted numerous important meetings, such as the <a href="/wiki/South_Asian_Association_for_Regional_Cooperation" title="South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation">South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation</a> summit in 2004.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The city suffered damage from the <a href="/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquake" title="2005 Kashmir earthquake">2005 Kashmir earthquake</a> which had a magnitude of 7.6.<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad has experienced a series of terrorist incidents including the July 2007 <a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lal_Masjid" title="Siege of Lal Masjid">Siege of Lal Masjid</a> (Red Mosque), the June 2008 <a href="/wiki/2008_Danish_embassy_bombing_in_Islamabad" title="2008 Danish embassy bombing in Islamabad">Danish embassy bombing</a>, and the September 2008 <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Marriott_Hotel_bombing" title="Islamabad Marriott Hotel bombing">Marriott bombing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2011, four terrorism incidents occurred in the city, killing four people, including the murder of the Punjab Governor <a href="/wiki/Salmaan_Taseer" class="mw-redirect" title="Salmaan Taseer">Salmaan Taseer</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2011_terrorism_41-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2011_terrorism-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Construction of the <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi-Islamabad_Metrobus" title="Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus">Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus</a>, the region's first mass transit line, began in February 2014 and was completed in March 2015. The Rawalpindi Development Authority built the project at a cost of approximately Rs 24 billion, which was shared by both the Federal government and the provincial government of Punjab.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geography">Geography</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Islamabad" title="Geography of Islamabad">Geography of Islamabad</a></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 147.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 145.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Satellite view of Islamabad-Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area with Margalla Hills in the north."><img alt="Satellite view of Islamabad-Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area with Margalla Hills in the north." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg/218px-Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg" decoding="async" width="146" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg/327px-Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg/435px-Islamabad_from_Satellite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3120" data-file-height="2795" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Satellite view of Islamabad-Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area with <a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills" title="Margalla Hills">Margalla Hills</a> in the north.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Margalla Hills, Islamabad"><img alt="Margalla Hills, Islamabad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg/292px-Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg/439px-Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg/585px-Faisal_Masjid_seen_from_Margalla_Hills.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4496" data-file-height="3000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Margalla Hills, Islamabad</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 202px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 200px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamabad's verdant cityscape merges with the Margalla Hills"><img alt="Islamabad's verdant cityscape merges with the Margalla Hills" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg/300px-ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg/451px-ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg/601px-ALI_MUJTABA_WLM2015_FAISAL_MOSQUE_DSC_1542_m.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="1559" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Islamabad's verdant cityscape merges with the Margalla Hills</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 175.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 173.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamabad's lush landscape"><img alt="Islamabad's lush landscape" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg/260px-Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="174" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg/391px-Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cd/Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg/520px-Sector_E-8_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Islamabad's lush landscape</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 197.33333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 195.33333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG" class="mw-file-description" title="Islamabad's deciduous trees change colours in autumn"><img alt="Islamabad's deciduous trees change colours in autumn" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG/293px-Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG" decoding="async" width="196" height="130" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG/440px-Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG/585px-Ataturk_Avenue_-_Islamabad.JPG 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Islamabad's deciduous trees change colours in autumn</div> </li> </ul> <p>Islamabad is located at <span class="geo-inline"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1156832818"><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Islamabad&params=33.43_N_73.04_E_"><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">33°26′N</span> <span class="longitude">73°02′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">33.43°N 73.04°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">33.43; 73.04</span></span></span></a></span></span> at the northern edge of the <a href="/wiki/Pothohar_Plateau" title="Pothohar Plateau">Pothohar Plateau</a> and at the foot of the Margalla Hills in <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a>. Its elevation is 540 metres (1,770 ft).<sup id="cite_ref-D._Brunn_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-D._Brunn-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The modern capital and the ancient <a href="/wiki/Gakhars" title="Gakhars">Gakhar</a> city of Rawalpindi form a <a href="/wiki/Conurbation" title="Conurbation">conurbation</a> and are commonly referred to as the Twin Cities.<sup id="cite_ref-Yasmeen_Niaz_45-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Yasmeen_Niaz-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Saxon_33-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Saxon-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>To the northeast of the city lies the colonial era hill station of <a href="/wiki/Murree" title="Murree">Murree</a>, and to the north lies the <a href="/wiki/Haripur_District" title="Haripur District">Haripur District</a> of <a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a>. <a href="/wiki/Kahuta" title="Kahuta">Kahuta</a> lies on the southeast, <a href="/wiki/Taxila" title="Taxila">Taxila</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wah_Cantt" class="mw-redirect" title="Wah Cantt">Wah Cantt</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Attock_District" title="Attock District">Attock District</a> to the northwest, <a href="/wiki/Gujar_Khan" title="Gujar Khan">Gujar Khan</a>, Rawat, and <a href="/wiki/Mandrah" title="Mandrah">Mandrah</a> on the southeast, and the metropolis of <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> to the south and southwest. Islamabad is located 120 kilometres (75 mi) SSW of <a href="/wiki/Muzaffarabad" title="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</a>, 185 kilometres (115 mi) east of <a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a> and 295 kilometres (183 mi) NNW of <a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>. </p><p>Islamabad covers an area of 906 square kilometres (350 sq mi).<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A further 2,717 square kilometres (1,049 sq mi) area is known as the Specified Area, with the Margala Hills in the north and northeast. The southern portion of the city is an undulating plain. It is drained by the <a href="/wiki/Korang_River" title="Korang River">Kurang River</a>, on which the <a href="/wiki/Rawal_lake#Features_of_Rawal_Lake_dam" title="Rawal lake">Rawal Dam</a> is located.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_36-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Climate">Climate</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Islamabad" title="Climate of Islamabad">Climate of Islamabad</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg/220px-Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg/330px-Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg/440px-Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="720" /></a><figcaption>Islamabad's annual precipitation allows for the growth of lush forests in the city's hills.</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad has a <a href="/wiki/Humid_subtropical_climate" title="Humid subtropical climate">humid subtropical climate</a> (<a href="/wiki/K%C3%B6ppen_climate_classification" title="Köppen climate classification">Köppen</a>: Cwa), with five seasons: Winter (November–February), Spring (March and April), Summer (May and June), Rainy Monsoon (July and August) and Autumn (September and October). The hottest month is June, where average highs routinely exceed 38 °C (100.4 °F). The wettest month is July, with heavy rainfalls and evening <a href="/wiki/Thunderstorms" class="mw-redirect" title="Thunderstorms">thunderstorms</a> with the possibility of <a href="/wiki/Cloudburst" title="Cloudburst">cloudburst</a> and flooding. The coolest month is January. </p><p>Islamabad's <a href="/wiki/Micro-climate" class="mw-redirect" title="Micro-climate">micro-climate</a> is regulated by three artificial reservoirs: <a href="/wiki/Rawal_lake" title="Rawal lake">Rawal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Simli_lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Simli lake">Simli</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Khanpur_Dam" title="Khanpur Dam">Khanpur Dam</a>. The latter is located on the <a href="/wiki/Haro_River" title="Haro River">Haro River</a> near the town of <a href="/wiki/Khanpur_(NWFP)" class="mw-redirect" title="Khanpur (NWFP)">Khanpur</a>, about 40 kilometres (25 mi) from Islamabad. Simli Dam is 30 kilometres (19 mi) north of Islamabad. 220 acres (89 ha) of the city consists of <a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills_National_Park" title="Margalla Hills National Park">Margalla Hills National Park</a>. Loi Bher Forest is situated along the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad Highway">Islamabad Highway</a>, covering an area of 1,087 acres (440 ha).<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The highest monthly rainfall of 743.3 mm (29.26 in) was recorded during July 1995.<sup id="cite_ref-pakmet.com.pk_48-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pakmet.com.pk-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Winters generally feature dense fog in the mornings and sunny afternoons. In the city, temperatures stay mild, with snowfall over the higher-elevation points on nearby hill stations, notably <a href="/wiki/Murree" title="Murree">Murree</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nathia_Gali" title="Nathia Gali">Nathia Gali</a>. The temperatures range from 13 °C (55 °F) in January to 38 °C (100 °F) in June. The highest recorded temperature was 46.6 °C (115.9 °F) on 23 June 2005 while the lowest temperature was −6.0 °C (21.2 °F) on 17 January 1967.<sup id="cite_ref-archived-pakmet_49-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-archived-pakmet-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Light snowfall sometimes happens on the peaks of the hills visible from the city, though this is rare.<sup id="cite_ref-51" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-51"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Snowfall does not occur in the city itself. On 23 July 2001, Islamabad received a record-breaking 620 mm (24 in) of rainfall in just 10 hours. It was the heaviest rainfall in Islamabad in the past 100 years and the highest rainfall in 24 hours as well.<sup id="cite_ref-52" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-52"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>51<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-53" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-53"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>52<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Water supply is strained, leading to project proposals like the <a href="/wiki/Ghazi_Barotha_water_supply_project" title="Ghazi Barotha water supply project">Ghazi Barotha water supply project</a>. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Climate data for Islamabad (1991-2020) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Month </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mar </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">May </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Aug </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Oct </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dec </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Year </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record high °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.0<br />(86.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.0<br />(98.6) </td> <td style="background: #DC0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44.0<br />(111.2) </td> <td style="background: #C60000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.6<br />(114.1) </td> <td style="background: #AA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.6<br />(117.7) </td> <td style="background: #CE0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">45.0<br />(113.0) </td> <td style="background: #F80000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.0<br />(107.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1700; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.1<br />(100.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF1800; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.0<br />(100.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.3<br />(82.9) </td> <td style="background: #AA0000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">47.6<br />(117.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily maximum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF9429; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.0<br />(68.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF7300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.8<br />(76.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.1<br />(97.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF1600; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">38.3<br />(100.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF2A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.4<br />(95.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF3400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.9<br />(93.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF3700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.4<br />(92.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.9<br />(87.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.4<br />(77.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF9123; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.4<br />(68.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF5600; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">28.9<br />(84.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Daily mean °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFD4A9; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.7<br />(51.3) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFA143; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.1<br />(64.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.6<br />(74.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.7<br />(83.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF4500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31.4<br />(88.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF4E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.1<br />(86.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF5F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.6<br />(81.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.3<br />(73.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFA64E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.3<br />(63.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC790; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.5<br />(54.5) </td> <td style="background: #FF850B; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">22.2<br />(72.0) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily minimum °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.6<br />(38.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFEFDF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.8<br />(44.2) </td> <td style="background: #FFCF9F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.4<br />(52.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFAB58; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.6<br />(61.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.5<br />(76.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF7200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.9<br />(76.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFB266; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.6<br />(60.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFBF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.1<br />(48.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFFDFC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7<br />(40.5) </td> <td style="background: #FFB368; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">15.4<br />(59.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Record low °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−6<br />(21) </td> <td style="background: #CBCBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−5.0<br />(23.0) </td> <td style="background: #D2D2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−3.8<br />(25.2) </td> <td style="background: #F2F2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.1<br />(35.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFF8F1; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.5<br />(41.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC489; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.0<br />(55.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFB56B; color:#000000;" class="notheme">15.2<br />(59.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFBA75; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.5<br />(58.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFC285; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.3<br />(55.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFF6EE; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.7<br />(42.3) </td> <td style="background: #E3E3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−0.6<br />(30.9) </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">−2.8<br />(27.0) </td> <td style="background: #C6C6FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">−6.0<br />(21.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Precipitation" title="Precipitation">precipitation</a> mm (inches) </th> <td style="background: #ACFFAC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">55.2<br />(2.17) </td> <td style="background: #66FF66; color:#000000;" class="notheme">93.4<br />(3.68) </td> <td style="background: #71FF71; color:#000000;" class="notheme">95.2<br />(3.75) </td> <td style="background: #A5FFA5; color:#000000;" class="notheme">58.1<br />(2.29) </td> <td style="background: #C3FFC3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">39.9<br />(1.57) </td> <td style="background: #86FF86; color:#000000;" class="notheme">78.4<br />(3.09) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">310.6<br />(12.23) </td> <td style="background: #003000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">317.0<br />(12.48) </td> <td style="background: #2EFF2E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">135.4<br />(5.33) </td> <td style="background: #CBFFCB; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.4<br />(1.35) </td> <td style="background: #E3FFE3; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(0.70) </td> <td style="background: #D8FFD8; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.9<br />(1.02) </td> <td style="background: #5FFF5F; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1,261.2<br />(49.65) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average precipitation days <span style="font-size:90%;" class="nowrap">(≥ 1.0 mm)</span> </th> <td style="background: #C5C5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.7 </td> <td style="background: #A9A9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #A4A4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.3 </td> <td style="background: #B1B1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.1 </td> <td style="background: #BEBEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.2 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.0 </td> <td style="background: #6767FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12.3 </td> <td style="background: #6C6CFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.9 </td> <td style="background: #ADADFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.4 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #B2B2FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">73.1 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Average <a href="/wiki/Relative_humidity" class="mw-redirect" title="Relative humidity">relative humidity</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #3838FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">52 </td> <td style="background: #5E5EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42 </td> <td style="background: #5656FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">44 </td> <td style="background: #0000F9; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">68 </td> <td style="background: #0000DB; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">76 </td> <td style="background: #0000FD; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">67 </td> <td style="background: #1111FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">62 </td> <td style="background: #0E0EFF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">63 </td> <td style="background: #0202FF; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">66 </td> <td style="background: #1515FF; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">61 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean monthly <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195.7 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">187.1 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">202.3 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">252.4 </td> <td style="background: #F2F215; color:#000000;" class="notheme">319.0 </td> <td style="background: #F0F011; color:#000000;" class="notheme">300.1 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">264.4 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">250.7 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">262.2 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">275.5 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">247.9 </td> <td style="background: #D6D600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">195.6 </td> <td style="background: #E3E300; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">2,952.9 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Mean daily <a href="/wiki/Sunshine_duration" title="Sunshine duration">sunshine hours</a> </th> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #D9D900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.6 </td> <td style="background: #D8D800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.5 </td> <td style="background: #E6E600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.4 </td> <td style="background: #F2F215; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.1 </td> <td style="background: #F1F113; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.0 </td> <td style="background: #E7E700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.5 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.1 </td> <td style="background: #E8E800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.7 </td> <td style="background: #E9E900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.9 </td> <td style="background: #E5E500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">8.3 </td> <td style="background: #D7D700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3 </td> <td style="background: #E4E400; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">8.1 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 1: NOAA (sun, 1961-1990),<sup id="cite_ref-NOAA_54-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NOAA-54"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>53<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-55" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-55"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>54<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Deutscher_Wetterdienst" title="Deutscher Wetterdienst">Deutscher Wetterdienst</a> (humidity 1973-1990, daily sun 1961-1990)<sup id="cite_ref-56" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-56"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>55<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Source 2: PMD (extremes)<sup id="cite_ref-57" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-57"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>56<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cityscape">Cityscape</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_Zone_Map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Islamabad_Zone_Map.png/220px-Islamabad_Zone_Map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Islamabad_Zone_Map.png/330px-Islamabad_Zone_Map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/04/Islamabad_Zone_Map.png/440px-Islamabad_Zone_Map.png 2x" data-file-width="2618" data-file-height="1486" /></a><figcaption>Islamabad Zones</figcaption></figure> <table class="toccolours" cellpadding="3" cellspacing="0" style="float:right; margin:0 0 1em 1em; font-size:90%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="background:#ace1af; text-align:center;">Zones in Islamabad </th></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Zone </th> <th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;">Area </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:center;">acres </th> <th style="text-align:center;">km<sup>2</sup> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">I </td> <td style="text-align:center;">54,958.25 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">222.4081 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">II </td> <td style="text-align:center;">9,804.92 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">39.6791 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">III </td> <td style="text-align:center;">50,393.01 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">203.9333 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">IV </td> <td style="text-align:center;">69,814.35 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">282.5287 </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">V </td> <td style="text-align:center;">39,029.45 </td> <td style="text-align:center;">157.9466 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="3"> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center;">Source:</td> <td>Lahore Real Estate<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Civic_administration">Civic administration</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Islamabad" title="Mayor of Islamabad">Mayor of Islamabad</a>, <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Metropolitan_Corporation" title="Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation">Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Capital_Development_Authority_(Islamabad)" title="Capital Development Authority (Islamabad)">Capital Development Authority (Islamabad)</a></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/ICT_Administration" title="ICT Administration">Islamabad Capital Territory (ICT) Administration</a>, generally known as <a href="/wiki/ICT_Administration" title="ICT Administration">ICT Administration</a> or <a href="/wiki/ICT_Administration" title="ICT Administration">Islamabad Administration</a>, is the civil administration as well as main law and order agency of the Federal Capital. </p><p>The local government authority of the city is the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Metropolitan_Corporation" title="Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation">Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation</a> (IMC) with some help from Capital Development Authority (CDA), which oversees the planning, development, construction, and administration of the city.<sup id="cite_ref-TN_59-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-TN-59"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>58<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-60" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-60"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>59<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad Capital Territory is divided into eight zones: Administrative Zone, Commercial District, Educational Sector, Industrial Sector, Diplomatic Enclave, Residential Areas, Rural Areas and Green Area.<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad city is divided into five major zones: Zone I, Zone II, Zone III, Zone IV, and Zone V. Out of these, Zone IV is the largest in area.<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zone I consists mainly of all the developed residential sectors while Zone II consists of the under-developed residential sectors. Each residential sector is identified by a letter of the alphabet and a number, and covers an area of approximately 2 km × 2 km (<style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1154941027">.mw-parser-output .frac{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .frac .num,.mw-parser-output .frac .den{font-size:80%;line-height:0;vertical-align:super}.mw-parser-output .frac .den{vertical-align:sub}.mw-parser-output .sr-only{border:0;clip:rect(0,0,0,0);clip-path:polygon(0px 0px,0px 0px,0px 0px);height:1px;margin:-1px;overflow:hidden;padding:0;position:absolute;width:1px}</style><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> mi × <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1154941027"><span class="frac">1<span class="sr-only">+</span><span class="num">1</span>⁄<span class="den">4</span></span> mi). The sectors are lettered from A to I, and each sector is divided into four numbered sub-sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-S._Hull_62-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-S._Hull-62"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>61<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Sectors">Sectors</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Sectors_of_Islamabad" title="Sectors of Islamabad">Sectors of Islamabad</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_map.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Islamabad_map.png/220px-Islamabad_map.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Islamabad_map.png/330px-Islamabad_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Islamabad_map.png/440px-Islamabad_map.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2003" /></a><figcaption>The five zones and sectors of Islamabad</figcaption></figure> <p>Series A, B, and C are still underdeveloped. The D series has seven sectors (D-11 to D-17),<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of which only sector D-12 is completely developed. This series is located at the foot of Margalla Hills.<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The E Sectors are named from E-7 to E-17.<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many foreigners and diplomatic personnel are housed in these sectors.<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the revised Master Plan of the city, CDA has decided to develop a park on the pattern of <a href="/wiki/Fatima_Jinnah_Park" title="Fatima Jinnah Park">Fatima Jinnah Park</a> in sector E-14. Sectors E-8 and E-9 contain the campuses of <a href="/wiki/Bahria_University" title="Bahria University">Bahria University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Air_University_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Air University (Pakistan)">Air University</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/National_Defence_University,_Pakistan" title="National Defence University, Pakistan">National Defence University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-63" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-63"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>62<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-64" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-64"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>63<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-65" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-65"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>64<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The F and G series contains the most developed sectors. F series contains sectors F-5 to F-17; some sectors are still under-developed.<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> F-5 is an important sector for the software industry in Islamabad, as the two software technology parks are located here. The entire F-9 sector is covered with Fatima Jinnah Park. The <a href="/wiki/The_Centaurus_(building)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Centaurus (building)">Centaurus complex</a> is a major landmark of the F-8 sector.<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> G sectors are numbered G-5 through G-17.<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some important places include the Jinnah Convention Centre and <a href="/wiki/Serena_Hotels" title="Serena Hotels">Serena Hotel</a> in G-5, the <a href="/wiki/Lal_Masjid,_Islamabad" title="Lal Masjid, Islamabad">Red Mosque</a> in G-6, the Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences, the largest medical complex in the capital, located in G-8,<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the <a href="/w/index.php?title=Karachi_Company_shopping_center&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Karachi Company shopping center (page does not exist)">Karachi Company shopping center</a> in G-9. </p><p>The H sectors are numbered H-8 through H-17.<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The H sectors are mostly dedicated to educational and health institutions. <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Sciences_and_Technology,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan">National University of Sciences and Technology</a> covers a major portion of sector H-12.<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The I sectors are numbered from I-8 to I-18. With the exception of I-8, which is a well-developed residential area, these sectors are primarily part of the industrial zone. Two sub-sectors of I-9 and one sub-sector of <a href="/wiki/I-10,_Islamabad" title="I-10, Islamabad">I-10</a> are used as industrial areas. CDA is planning to set up Islamabad Railway Station in Sector I-18 and Industrial City in sector I-17.<sup id="cite_ref-Islamabad.com_61-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Islamabad.com-61"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>60<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Zone III consists primarily of the Margalla Hills and <a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills_National_Park" title="Margalla Hills National Park">Margalla Hills National Park</a>. <a href="/wiki/Rawal_Lake" class="mw-redirect" title="Rawal Lake">Rawal Lake</a> is in this zone. Zone IV and V consist of Islamabad Park, and rural areas of the city. The <a href="/wiki/Soan_River" title="Soan River">Soan River</a> flows into the city through Zone V.<sup id="cite_ref-map_58-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-map-58"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>57<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_skyline.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Islamabad_skyline.jpg/220px-Islamabad_skyline.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="118" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Islamabad_skyline.jpg/330px-Islamabad_skyline.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/57/Islamabad_skyline.jpg/440px-Islamabad_skyline.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1016" data-file-height="545" /></a><figcaption>Islamabad skyline</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Islamabad–Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area"><span id="Islamabad.E2.80.93Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area"></span>Islamabad–Rawalpindi metropolitan area</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Islamabad-Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area">Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area</a></div> <p>When the master plan for Islamabad was drawn up in 1960, Islamabad and Rawalpindi, along with the adjoining areas, was to be integrated to form a large <a href="/wiki/Metropolitan_area" title="Metropolitan area">metropolitan area</a> called Islamabad/Rawalpindi Metropolitan Area. The area would consist of the developing Islamabad, the old colonial cantonment city of Rawalpindi, and Margalla Hills National Park, including surrounding rural areas.<sup id="cite_ref-Dulyapak_66-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dulyapak-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Isocarp_67-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isocarp-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, Islamabad city is part of the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a>, while <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> is part of <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi_District" title="Rawalpindi District">Rawalpindi District</a>, which is part of province of <a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-USgov_pub_68-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-USgov_pub-68"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>67<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Initially, it was proposed that the three areas would be connected by four major highways: Murree Highway, <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad Highway">Islamabad Highway</a>, Soan Highway, and Capital Highway. However, to date only two highways have been constructed: <a href="/wiki/Kashmir_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Kashmir Highway">Kashmir Highway</a> (the former Murree Highway) and Islamabad Highway.<sup id="cite_ref-Isocarp_67-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Isocarp-67"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>66<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Plans of constructing Margalla Avenue are also underway.<sup id="cite_ref-69" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-69"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>68<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad is the hub all the governmental activities while Rawalpindi is the centre of all industrial, commercial, and military activities. The two cities are considered sister cities and are highly interdependent.<sup id="cite_ref-Dulyapak_66-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Dulyapak-66"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>65<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-packed"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 180px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 178px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Aerial view of The Centaurus"><img alt="Aerial view of The Centaurus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg/267px-Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg" decoding="async" width="178" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg/400px-Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg/534px-Faisal_Mosque_in_the_background_of_Centaurus_Mall.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3015" data-file-height="2035" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Aerial view of <a href="/wiki/The_Centaurus" title="The Centaurus">The Centaurus</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 92px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 90px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Ufone Tower & ISE Tower"><img alt="Ufone Tower & ISE Tower" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg/135px-Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg/202px-Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg/270px-Ufone_and_ISE_Tower_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Ufone Tower & <a href="/wiki/ISE_Tower" title="ISE Tower">ISE Tower</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Pak_Secretariat_buildings,Islamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Pakistan Secretariat"><img alt="Pakistan Secretariat" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Pak_Secretariat_buildings%2CIslamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/270px-Pak_Secretariat_buildings%2CIslamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Pak_Secretariat_buildings%2CIslamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/405px-Pak_Secretariat_buildings%2CIslamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Pak_Secretariat_buildings%2CIslamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg/540px-Pak_Secretariat_buildings%2CIslamabad_by_Usman_Ghani.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1572" data-file-height="1048" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Secretariat" title="Pakistan Secretariat">Pakistan Secretariat</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 196.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 194.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Star and Crescent Monument near the start of Shakarparian"><img alt="Star and Crescent Monument near the start of Shakarparian" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg/292px-Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg" decoding="async" width="195" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg/437px-Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg/583px-Crescent_and_Star_Monument.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5618" data-file-height="3472" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Star and Crescent Monument near the start of <a href="/wiki/Shakarparian" title="Shakarparian">Shakarparian</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 212px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Faisal Mosque"><img alt="Faisal Mosque" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg/315px-Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg/473px-Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg/630px-Faisal_Masjid_From_Damn_e_koh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4467" data-file-height="2553" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Faisal_Mosque" title="Faisal Mosque">Faisal Mosque</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 91.333333333333px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 89.333333333333px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Daman-E-Koh.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Daman-e-Koh Park"><img alt="Daman-e-Koh Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Daman-E-Koh.jpg/134px-Daman-E-Koh.jpg" decoding="async" width="90" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Daman-E-Koh.jpg/202px-Daman-E-Koh.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Daman-E-Koh.jpg/269px-Daman-E-Koh.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="4627" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Daman-e-Koh" title="Daman-e-Koh">Daman-e-Koh</a> Park</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 162px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 160px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sunset over the Lake View Park"><img alt="Sunset over the Lake View Park" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg/240px-Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg/360px-Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/33/Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg/480px-Glorious_Sunset_in_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sunset over the <a href="/wiki/Lake_View_Park" title="Lake View Park">Lake View Park</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 164px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 162px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Night view of Blue Area, the commercial hub of the city."><img alt="Night view of Blue Area, the commercial hub of the city." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg/243px-Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="162" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg/365px-Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3a/Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg/486px-Hassle_Bassle_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4228" data-file-height="3130" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Night view of <a href="/wiki/Blue_Area" title="Blue Area">Blue Area</a>, the commercial hub of the city.</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 170px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 168px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Blue_Area,_Islamabad.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Blue Area and Jinnah Avenue"><img alt="Blue Area and Jinnah Avenue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Blue_Area%2C_Islamabad.png/252px-Blue_Area%2C_Islamabad.png" decoding="async" width="168" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Blue_Area%2C_Islamabad.png/379px-Blue_Area%2C_Islamabad.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Blue_Area%2C_Islamabad.png/505px-Blue_Area%2C_Islamabad.png 2x" data-file-width="1187" data-file-height="847" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Blue Area and Jinnah Avenue</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 182.66666666667px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 180.66666666667px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Constitution_Avenue.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Constitution Avenue"><img alt="Constitution Avenue" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Constitution_Avenue.jpg/271px-Constitution_Avenue.jpg" decoding="async" width="181" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Constitution_Avenue.jpg/406px-Constitution_Avenue.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Constitution_Avenue.jpg/541px-Constitution_Avenue.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3855" data-file-height="2567" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Avenue_(Islamabad)" title="Constitution Avenue (Islamabad)">Constitution Avenue</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 82px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 80px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Said_Pur_Village.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Saidpur Village"><img alt="Saidpur Village" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Said_Pur_Village.jpg/120px-Said_Pur_Village.jpg" decoding="async" width="80" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Said_Pur_Village.jpg/180px-Said_Pur_Village.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/69/Said_Pur_Village.jpg/240px-Said_Pur_Village.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="2400" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Saidpur,_Islamabad" title="Saidpur, Islamabad">Saidpur Village</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 212px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="New Blue Area Islamabad"><img alt="New Blue Area Islamabad" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg/315px-New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg/473px-New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg/630px-New_Blue_Area_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="549" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">New Blue Area Islamabad</div> </li> </ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Architecture">Architecture</h3></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_tallest_buildings_in_Islamabad" title="List of tallest buildings in Islamabad">List of tallest buildings in Islamabad</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg/220px-Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg/330px-Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/22/Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg/440px-Dewan_Masjid_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2529" data-file-height="1895" /></a><figcaption>Dewan Masjid Islamabad</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F9_islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/F9_islamabad.jpg/220px-F9_islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/F9_islamabad.jpg/330px-F9_islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/F9_islamabad.jpg/440px-F9_islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2448" data-file-height="3264" /></a><figcaption>Monument in F-9 Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad's architecture is a combination of modernity and old <a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Islamic</a> and regional traditions. The <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saudi-Pak_Tower&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saudi-Pak Tower (page does not exist)">Saudi-Pak Tower</a> is an example of the integration of modern architecture with traditional styles. The beige-coloured edifice is trimmed with blue tile works in Islamic tradition, and is one of Islamabad's tallest buildings. Other examples of intertwined Islamic and modern architecture include <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Monument" title="Pakistan Monument">Pakistan Monument</a> and <a href="/wiki/Faisal_Mosque" title="Faisal Mosque">Faisal Mosque</a>. Other notable structures are: Secretariat Complex designed by <a href="/wiki/Gio_Ponti" title="Gio Ponti">Gio Ponti</a>, Prime Minister's secretariat based on <a href="/wiki/Mughal_architecture" title="Mughal architecture">Mughal architecture</a> and the <a href="/wiki/National_Assembly_of_Pakistan" title="National Assembly of Pakistan">National Assembly</a> by <a href="/wiki/Edward_Durell_Stone" title="Edward Durell Stone">Edward Durell Stone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-M._Bloom_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-M._Bloom-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The murals on the inside of the large petals of Pakistan Monument are based on Islamic architecture.<sup id="cite_ref-70" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-70"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>69<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Shah Faisal Mosque is a fusion of contemporary architecture with a more traditional large triangular prayer hall and four minarets, designed by <a href="/wiki/Vedat_Dalokay" title="Vedat Dalokay">Vedat Dalokay</a>, a Turkish architect and built with the help of funding provided by <a href="/wiki/Faisal_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Faisal of Saudi Arabia">King Faisal</a> of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Lee_Palmer_71-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lee_Palmer-71"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>70<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The architecture of Faisal Mosque is unusual as it lacks a dome structure. It is a combination of Arabic, Turkish, and Mughal architectural traditions.<sup id="cite_ref-72" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-72"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>71<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/The_Centaurus_(building)" class="mw-redirect" title="The Centaurus (building)">The Centaurus</a> is an example of modern architecture under construction in Islamabad. The seven star hotel was designed by <a href="/wiki/WS_Atkins_PLC" class="mw-redirect" title="WS Atkins PLC">WS Atkins PLC</a>.The newly built <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Stock_Exchange_Towers" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad Stock Exchange Towers">Islamabad Stock Exchange Towers</a> is another example of modern architecture in the city.<sup id="cite_ref-73" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-73"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>72<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demographics">Demographics</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1261442011">.mw-parser-output .abbr-header{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-bottom:none;background-color:lavender}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .caption-purple{background:inherit!important}}.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border:1px #a2a9b1 solid;border-top:none;background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);padding:5px}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .table-pale{border-top:1px #a2a9b1 solid!important}.mw-parser-output .caption-purple{border:none}}</style><table class="table-pale" style="width:15em;border-top-width:0;border-spacing: 0;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 0.5em;"><caption class="caption-purple" style="padding:0.25em;font-weight:bold">Historical population</caption><tbody><tr style="font-size:95%"><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;width:3em">Year</th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px 2px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Population" class="abbr-header">Pop.</abbr></th><th style="border-bottom:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);padding:1px;text-align:right"><abbr title="Percent change" class="abbr-header">±%</abbr></th></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1972 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">77,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">—    </td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1981 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">204,000</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+164.9%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">1998 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">529,180</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+159.4%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2017 </th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,009,003</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+90.7%</td></tr><tr><th style="text-align:center;padding:1px">2023</th><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">1,108,872</td><td style="text-align:right;padding:1px">+9.9%</td></tr><tr><td colspan="3" style="border-top:1px solid var(--color-base, #000000);font-size:85%;text-align:left">Source: <sup id="cite_ref-pocketbook2006_74-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pocketbook2006-74"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>73<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-census2017_75-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2017-75"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>74<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr></tbody></table> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Islamabad" title="Demographics of Islamabad">Demographics of Islamabad</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Language">Language</h3></div> <div class="PieChartTemplate thumb tleft"><div class="thumbinner" style="width:202px"> <div class="mw-no-invert" style="background-color:white;margin:auto;position:relative;width:200px;height:200px;overflow:hidden;border-radius:100px;border:1px solid black;transform:scaleX(-1)rotate(-90deg)"> <div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 9361.6994261184px; border-left-color:grey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:grey"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:grey"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 508.57653820975px; border-left-color:blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:blue"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:blue"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 478.3393387848px; border-left-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:yellow"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:yellow"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 448.69837715515px; border-left-color:aqua"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:aqua"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:aqua"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 410.83968437177px; border-left-color:black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:black"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:black"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 375.72206656289px; border-left-color:saddlebrown"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:saddlebrown"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:saddlebrown"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 303.22395309989px; border-left-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:red"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:red"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 209.4285522308px; border-left-color:pink"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:pink"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:pink"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 149.96635433401px; border-left-color:wheat"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:wheat"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:wheat"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;left:100px; top:100px; border-width:100px 0 0 67.776384332411px; border-left-color:darkgreen"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:darkgreen"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 100px 200px 0;border-color:darkgreen"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:92.435969710268px 38.15221492551px 0 0; border-top-color:gold"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:gold"></div><div style="border:solid transparent;background-color:initial;position:absolute;width:100px;line-height:0;right:100px; top:100px; border-width:3.5178577905238px 99.938104227395px 0 0; border-top-color:crimson"></div> <div style="position:absolute;line-height:0;border-style:solid;left:0;top:0;border-width:0 200px 100px 0;border-color:crimson"></div> </div> <div class="thumbcaption"> <p>Languages of Islamabad Capital Territory (<a href="/wiki/2023_Pakistani_census" title="2023 Pakistani census">2023 Pakistani census</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-76" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-76"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>75<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r981673959">.mw-parser-output .legend{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .legend-color{display:inline-block;min-width:1.25em;height:1.25em;line-height:1.25;margin:1px 0;text-align:center;border:1px solid black;background-color:transparent;color:black}.mw-parser-output .legend-text{}</style><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:crimson; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Punjabi_language" title="Punjabi language">Punjabi</a> (50.56%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:gold; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Pashto" title="Pashto">Pashto</a> (18.21%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:darkgreen; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a> (15.71%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:wheat; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Hindko" title="Hindko">Hindko</a> (6.16%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:pink; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Kashmiri_language" title="Kashmiri language">Kashmiri</a> (2.27%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:red; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Saraiki_language" title="Saraiki language">Saraiki</a> (2.02%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:saddlebrown; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Sindhi_language" title="Sindhi language">Sindhi</a> (0.93%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:black; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Balti_language" title="Balti language">Balti</a> (0.34%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:aqua; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Shina_language" title="Shina language">Shina</a> (0.31%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:yellow; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Indus_Kohistani" title="Indus Kohistani">Kohistani</a> (0.21%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:blue; color:white;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> <a href="/wiki/Balochi_language" title="Balochi language">Balochi</a> (0.19%)</div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r981673959"><div class="legend"><span class="legend-color mw-no-invert" style="background-color:grey; color:black;-webkit-print-color-adjust: exact; print-color-adjust: exact;"> </span> Others (2.92%)</div> </div> </div></div> <p>According to <a href="/wiki/2023_Pakistani_census" title="2023 Pakistani census">2023 Pakistani census</a>, There are 1,154,540 Punjabi, 415,838 Pashto, 358,922 Urdu, 140,780 Hindko, 51,920 Kashmiri, 46,270 Saraiki, 21,362 Sindhi, 10,315 Balti, 7,099 Shina, 5,016 Koshistani, 4,503 Balochi, 1,095 Mewati, 668 Brahvi, 182 Kalasha and 64,734 others, of total 2,283,244 speakers in <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Literacy">Literacy</h3></div> <p>The majority of the population lies in the age group of 15–64 years, around 59.38%. Only 2.73% of the population is above 65 years of age; 37.90% is below the age of 15.<sup id="cite_ref-77" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-77"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>76<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad has the highest literacy rate in Pakistan, at 88%.<sup id="cite_ref-PBS_78-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBS-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 9.8% of the population has done intermediate education (equivalent to grades 11 and 12). 10.26% have a bachelor or equivalent degree while 5.2% have a master or equivalent degree.<sup id="cite_ref-79" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-79"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>78<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The labour force of Islamabad is 185,213<sup id="cite_ref-80" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-80"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>79<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and the unemployment rate is 15.70%.<sup id="cite_ref-81" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-81"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>80<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religion">Religion</h3></div> <div class="notheme barbox tright" style="overflow-x: auto;"> <div style="border:1px solid silver; font-size:88%; padding:0.4em; width:auto; background: white; color: black;"> <table style="text-align:left; border-collapse:collapse; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr style="background:#ddd"><th style="text-align:center;" colspan="5">Religion in Islamabad (2017)</th></tr> <tr style="font-size:88%; height:4px;"> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; text-align:left;"></td> <td style="width:100px; text-align:left;"></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding:0 4px; width:1em; text-align:right;"></td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:green; width:95.43%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">95.43%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:blue; width:4.34%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">4.34%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;"><a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a></td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:orange; width:0.04%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.04%</td> </tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 0.4em; padding-right: 0.4em; min-width: 8em;">Others</td> <td style="width: 100px; border-left: solid 1px silver; border-right: solid 1px silver;"><div style="background:grey; width:0.19%; overflow: hidden;"> </div></td> <td colspan="2" style="padding-left: 1.2em; padding-right: 0.4em; text-align: right;">0.19%</td> </tr> </tbody></table> </div> </div><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-@ibnezhar_Sep_2016_(2).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-%40ibnezhar_Sep_2016_%282%29.jpg/220px-%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-%40ibnezhar_Sep_2016_%282%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-%40ibnezhar_Sep_2016_%282%29.jpg/330px-%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-%40ibnezhar_Sep_2016_%282%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-%40ibnezhar_Sep_2016_%282%29.jpg/440px-%27Pakistan%27-Bari_Imam_Tomb-Islamabad-%40ibnezhar_Sep_2016_%282%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>The shrine of <a href="/wiki/Bari_Imam" title="Bari Imam">Bari Imam</a> in Islamabad</figcaption></figure><p><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> is the largest religion in the city, with 95.43% of the population following it. <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> is the second largest religion is with 4.34% of the population following it. The Christians are concentrated mainly in the urban areas. <a href="/wiki/Hinduism" title="Hinduism">Hinduism</a> is followed by 0.04% of the population according to the 2017 census.<sup id="cite_ref-82" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-82"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>81<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dawn.com_83-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dawn.com-83"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>82<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-84" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-84"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>83<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Islamabad" title="Economy of Islamabad">Economy of Islamabad</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1273380762/mw-parser-output/.tmulti"><div class="thumb tmulti tright"><div class="thumbinner multiimageinner" style="width:314px;max-width:314px"><div class="trow"><div class="tsingle" style="width:163px;max-width:163px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Ise_building2.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Ise_building2.png/161px-Ise_building2.png" decoding="async" width="161" height="201" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Ise_building2.png/242px-Ise_building2.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Ise_building2.png/322px-Ise_building2.png 2x" data-file-width="390" data-file-height="487" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Stock_Exchange" title="Islamabad Stock Exchange">Islamabad Stock Exchange</a></div></div><div class="tsingle" style="width:147px;max-width:147px"><div class="thumbimage"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg/145px-ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg" decoding="async" width="145" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg/218px-ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1f/ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg/290px-ZTBL_Headquarters.jpg 2x" data-file-width="735" data-file-height="1023" /></a></span></div><div class="thumbcaption"><a href="/wiki/Zarai_Taraqiati_Bank_Limited" title="Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited">Zarai Taraqiati Bank Limited</a></div></div></div></div></div> <p>Islamabad is a net contributor to the Pakistani economy, as whilst having only 0.8% of the country's population, it contributes 1% to the country's GDP.<sup id="cite_ref-85" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-85"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>84<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Stock_Exchange" title="Islamabad Stock Exchange">Islamabad Stock Exchange</a>, founded in 1989, is Pakistan's third largest stock exchange after <a href="/wiki/Karachi_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Karachi Stock Exchange">Karachi Stock Exchange</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lahore_Stock_Exchange" class="mw-redirect" title="Lahore Stock Exchange">Lahore Stock Exchange</a>, and was merged to form <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Stock_Exchange" title="Pakistan Stock Exchange">Pakistan Stock Exchange</a>. The exchange had 118 members with 104 <a href="/wiki/Body_corporate" class="mw-redirect" title="Body corporate">corporate bodies</a> and 18 individual members. The average daily turnover of the stock exchange is over 1 million shares.<sup id="cite_ref-86" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-86"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>85<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/World_Bank" title="World Bank">World Bank</a>'s <i><a href="/wiki/Doing_Business_Report" class="mw-redirect" title="Doing Business Report">Doing Business Report</a></i> of 2010, Islamabad was ranked as the best place to start a business in Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-87" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-87"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>86<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad's businesses are Pakistan's most compliant for paying tax dues.<sup id="cite_ref-88" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-88"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>87<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of 2012<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Islamabad&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, Islamabad LTU (Large Tax Unit) was responsible for Rs 371 billion in tax revenue, which amounts to 20% of all the revenue collected by Federal Board of Revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-89" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-89"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>88<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Islamabad has seen an expansion in <a href="/wiki/Information_and_communication_technologies" class="mw-redirect" title="Information and communication technologies">information and communications technology</a> with the addition two <a href="/wiki/Science_park" title="Science park">Software Technology Parks</a>, which house numerous national and foreign technological and information technology companies. Awami Markaz IT Park houses 36 <a href="/wiki/Information_technology" title="Information technology">IT</a> companies, while Evacuee Trust house 29 companies.<sup id="cite_ref-90" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-90"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>89<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad will see its third IT Park by 2020, which will be built with assistance from <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-91" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-91"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>90<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Culture">Culture</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Islamabad" title="Culture of Islamabad">Culture of Islamabad</a></div> <p>Islamabad is home to many migrants from other regions of Pakistan and has a cultural and religious diversity of considerable antiquity. Due to its location on the Pothohar Plateau, remnants of ancient cultures and civilisations such as <a href="/wiki/Aryan" title="Aryan">Aryan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Soanian" title="Soanian">Soanian</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Indus_Valley_civilisation" class="mw-redirect" title="Indus Valley civilisation">Indus Valley civilisation</a> can still be found in the region. A 15th-century <a href="/wiki/Gakhars" title="Gakhars">Gakhar</a> fort, <a href="/wiki/Pharwala" class="mw-redirect" title="Pharwala">Pharwala</a> Fort is located near Islamabad.<sup id="cite_ref-92" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-92"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>91<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-forts_93-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forts-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Rawat_Fort" title="Rawat Fort">Rawat Fort</a> in the region was built by the <a href="/wiki/Gakhars" title="Gakhars">Gakhars</a> in 16th century and contains the grave of the Gakhar chief, <a href="/wiki/Sultan_Sarang_Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="Sultan Sarang Khan">Sultan Sarang Khan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-forts_93-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forts-93"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>92<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Saidpur,_Islamabad" title="Saidpur, Islamabad">Saidpur village</a> is supposedly named after Said Khan, the son of Sarang Khan. The 500-year-old village was converted into a place of Hindu worship by a Mughal commander, Raja <a href="/wiki/Man_Singh" class="mw-redirect" title="Man Singh">Man Singh</a>. He constructed a number of small ponds: Rama kunda, Sita kunda, Lakshaman kunda, and Hanuman kunda.<sup id="cite_ref-94" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-94"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>93<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The region is home to a small Hindu temple that is preserved, showing the presence of Hindu people in the region. The shrine of Sufi mystic <a href="/wiki/Pir_Meher_Ali_Shah" class="mw-redirect" title="Pir Meher Ali Shah">Pir Meher Ali Shah</a> is located at <a href="/wiki/Golra_Sharif" title="Golra Sharif">Golra Sharif</a>, which has a rich cultural heritage of the pre-Islamic period. Archaeological remains of the Buddhist era can also still be found in the region.<sup id="cite_ref-95" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-95"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>94<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The shrine of <a href="/wiki/Bari_Imam" title="Bari Imam">Bari Imam</a> was built by Mughal Emperor <a href="/wiki/Aurangzeb" title="Aurangzeb">Aurangzeb</a>. Thousands of devotees from across Pakistan attend the annual <a href="/wiki/Urs" title="Urs">Urs</a> of Bari Imam. The event is one of the largest religious gatherings in Islamabad. In 2004, the Urs was attended by more than 1.2 million people.<sup id="cite_ref-96" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-96"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>95<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Lok_Virsa_Museum" title="Lok Virsa Museum">Lok Virsa Museum</a> in Islamabad preserves a wide variety of expressions of folk and traditional cultural legacy of Pakistan. It is located near the <a href="/wiki/Shakarparian" title="Shakarparian">Shakarparian</a> hills and boasts a large display of embroidered costumes, jewellery, musical instruments, woodwork, utensils and folkloristic objects from the region and other parts of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-97" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-97"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>96<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tourism">Tourism</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Islamabad" title="Tourism in Islamabad">Tourism in Islamabad</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Faisal_Maseet.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Faisal_Maseet.JPG/220px-Faisal_Maseet.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Faisal_Maseet.JPG/330px-Faisal_Maseet.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Faisal_Maseet.JPG/440px-Faisal_Maseet.JPG 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3072" /></a><figcaption>Faisal Mosque</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Faisal_Mosque" title="Faisal Mosque">Faisal Mosque</a> is an important cultural landmark of the city and that attracts many tourists daily. Faisal Mosque built in 1986, was named after the Saudi Arabian King, <a href="/wiki/Faisal_bin_Abdul_Aziz" class="mw-redirect" title="Faisal bin Abdul Aziz">Faisal bin Abdul Aziz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-98" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-98"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>97<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It also serves the purpose of accommodating 24,000 Muslims that pray at this mosque. Faisal Mosque that is designed by the Turks and financed by the <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Saudi_Arabia" class="mw-redirect" title="Kingdom of Saudi Arabia">Kingdom of Saudi Arabia</a> includes calligraphy of Quranic verses along the walls of the mosque. </p><p>One of the landmarks for tourists is the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Monument" title="Pakistan Monument">Pakistan Monument</a> built in 2007 located in Islamabad. This tourist attraction represents the patriotism and sovereignty of Pakistan. The design is shaped as a dome with petal-shaped walls that are engraved with arts portraying Pakistan's other tourist landmarks such as the <a href="/wiki/Badshahi_Mosque" title="Badshahi Mosque">Badshahi Mosque</a>, <a href="/wiki/Minar-e-Pakistan" title="Minar-e-Pakistan">Minar-e-Pakistan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lahore_Fort" title="Lahore Fort">Lahore Fort</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-99" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-99"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>98<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG/220px-Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG/330px-Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG/440px-Flag_of_Pakistan_on_National_Monument.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="1600" /></a><figcaption>The Pakistan Monument</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad holds some of Pakistan's most prestigious museums such as <a href="/wiki/Lok_Virsa_Museum" title="Lok Virsa Museum">Lok Virsa Museum</a>, Institute of Folk and Traditional Heritage <a href="/wiki/Shakarparian" title="Shakarparian">Shakarparian</a> Park and prominent galleries such as the <a href="/wiki/National_Art_Gallery,_Pakistan" title="National Art Gallery, Pakistan">National Art Gallery</a> and Gallery 6. </p><p>The Islamabad Museum contains many relics and artifacts dating back to the <a href="/wiki/Gandhara" title="Gandhara">Gandhara</a> period of the region, an intriguing fusion of Buddhist and Graeco-Roman styles. The living culture of Islamabad and Pakistan is best explored at <a href="/wiki/Lok_Virsa_Museum" title="Lok Virsa Museum">Lok Virsa Museum</a>, as well as the Institute of Folk and Traditional Heritage in <a href="/wiki/Shakarparian" title="Shakarparian">Shakarparian</a> Park. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg/220px-F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg/330px-F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg/440px-F-9_Fatima_Jinnah_Park_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>F-9 Fatima Jinnah Park</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad is built upon civilization and architecture that ranges from the 10th Century to the modern era. As Islamabad is situated on the <a href="/wiki/Potohar_Plateau" class="mw-redirect" title="Potohar Plateau">Potohar Plateau</a>, the remains of civilization descending from stone-age era include the Acheulian and the Soanian traditions and these are tourist landmarks. Islamabad has an array of historic landmarks that reflect the Hindu civilization that dates back to the 16th Century with examples such as <a href="/wiki/Saidpur,_Islamabad" title="Saidpur, Islamabad">Saidpur</a>. Saidpur that is situated in Islamabad has progressed from a village to a sacred place that includes temples where the Hindu Mughal Commanders worshipped.<sup id="cite_ref-100" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-100"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>99<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills_National_Park" title="Margalla Hills National Park">Margalla Hills National Park</a> is located in the North sector of Islamabad and is in close proximity to the <a href="/wiki/Himalayas" title="Himalayas">Himalayas</a>. The National Park includes of picturesque valleys and scenic hills that include various wildlife such as <a href="/wiki/Himalayan_goral" title="Himalayan goral">Himalayan goral</a>, Barking deer and <a href="/wiki/Leopards" class="mw-redirect" title="Leopards">leopards</a>. Flanked by wildlife and vegetation, Margalla Hills National Park also includes accommodation and camping grounds for tourists. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Education">Education</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_institutions_in_Islamabad" title="List of educational institutions in Islamabad">List of educational institutions in Islamabad</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG/220px-Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG/330px-Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0f/Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG/440px-Quaid-i-Azam_University_Entrance.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Quaid-i-Azam_University" title="Quaid-i-Azam University">Quaid-i-Azam University</a></figcaption></figure><p>Islamabad boasts the highest literacy rate in Pakistan at 98%,<sup id="cite_ref-PBS_78-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PBS-78"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>77<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and has some of the most advanced educational institutes in the country.<sup id="cite_ref-L._Roberts_101-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-L._Roberts-101"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>100<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A large number of <a href="/wiki/Public_university" title="Public university">public</a> and <a href="/wiki/Private_university" title="Private university">private</a> sector educational institutes are present here. The higher education institutes in the capital are either federally chartered or administered by private organizations and almost all of them are recognised by the <a href="/wiki/Higher_Education_Commission_of_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Higher Education Commission of Pakistan">Higher Education Commission of Pakistan</a>. High schools and colleges are either affiliated with the <a href="/wiki/Federal_Board_of_Intermediate_and_Secondary_Education" title="Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education">Federal Board of Intermediate and Secondary Education</a> or with the <a href="/wiki/Advanced_Level_in_the_United_Kingdom" class="mw-redirect" title="Advanced Level in the United Kingdom">UK universities education boards</a>, O/A Levels, or <a href="/wiki/International_General_Certificate_of_Secondary_Education" title="International General Certificate of Secondary Education">IGCSE</a>. According to the Academy of Educational Planning and Management's report, in 2009 there were a total of 913 recognized institutions in Islamabad (31 pre-primary, 2 <a href="/wiki/Madrasah" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrasah">religious</a>, 367 primary, 162 <a href="/wiki/Middle_school" title="Middle school">middle</a>, 250 high, 75 higher secondary and intermediate colleges, and 26 <a href="/wiki/Undergraduate_education" title="Undergraduate education">degree colleges</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-aepam.edu.pk_102-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aepam.edu.pk-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are seven <a href="/wiki/Teacher_education" title="Teacher education">teacher training</a> institutes in Islamabad with a total enrolment of 604,633 students and 499 faculty.<sup id="cite_ref-aepam.edu.pk_102-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aepam.edu.pk-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:NUST_MainOffice.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/45/NUST_MainOffice.png/220px-NUST_MainOffice.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="209" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/45/NUST_MainOffice.png 1.5x" data-file-width="295" data-file-height="280" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Sciences_and_Technology_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National University of Sciences and Technology (Pakistan)">National University of Sciences and Technology</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Gender_Parity_Index" title="Gender Parity Index">Gender Parity Index</a> in Islamabad is 0.93 compared to the 0.95 national average. There are 178 boys-only institutes, 175 girls-only, and 551 <a href="/wiki/Mixed-sex_education" title="Mixed-sex education">mixed</a> institutes in Islamabad.<sup id="cite_ref-aepam.edu.pk_102-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aepam.edu.pk-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Total enrolment of students in all categories is 267,992; 138,272 for boys and 129,720 for girls.<sup id="cite_ref-aepam.edu.pk_102-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aepam.edu.pk-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are 16 recognized universities in Islamabad with a total enrolment of 372,974 students and 30,144 teachers.<sup id="cite_ref-aepam.edu.pk_102-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-aepam.edu.pk-102"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>101<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Most of the top ranked universities; <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Sciences_and_Technology,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="National University of Sciences and Technology, Pakistan">National University of Sciences and Technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/COMSATS_Institute_of_Information_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="COMSATS Institute of Information Technology">COMSATS Institute of Information Technology</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Institute_of_Engineering_%26_Applied_Sciences" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences">Pakistan Institute of Engineering & Applied Sciences</a>, also have their headquarters in the capital.<sup id="cite_ref-HEC_Rankings_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-HEC_Rankings-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/World%27s_largest_universities" class="mw-redirect" title="World's largest universities">world's second largest general university by enrolment</a>, <a href="/wiki/Allama_Iqbal_Open_University" title="Allama Iqbal Open University">Allama Iqbal Open University</a> is located in Islamabad for distance education. Other universities include <a href="/wiki/Air_University_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Air University (Pakistan)">Air University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bahria_University" title="Bahria University">Bahria University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Center_for_Advanced_Studies_in_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering">Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering</a>, <a href="/wiki/Federal_Urdu_University_of_Arts,_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology">Federal Urdu University of Arts, Science and Technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hamdard_University" title="Hamdard University">Hamdard University</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Computer_and_Emerging_Sciences" title="National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences">National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences</a>, <a href="/wiki/Capital_University_of_Science_%26_Technology" title="Capital University of Science & Technology">Capital University of Science & Technology</a>, <a href="/wiki/National_Defence_University,_Pakistan" title="National Defence University, Pakistan">National Defence University</a>, Shifa Tameer-e-Millat University, <a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Modern_Languages" title="National University of Modern Languages">National University of Modern Languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iqra_University" title="Iqra University">Iqra University</a>, <a href="/wiki/International_Islamic_University,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="International Islamic University, Islamabad">International Islamic University</a>, <a href="/wiki/Virtual_University_of_Pakistan" title="Virtual University of Pakistan">Virtual University of Pakistan</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Ali_Jinnah_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad Ali Jinnah University">Muhammad Ali Jinnah University</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_University_of_Lahore" class="mw-redirect" title="The University of Lahore">The University of Lahore</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abasyn_University" title="Abasyn University">Abasyn University</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Millennium_University_College" class="mw-redirect" title="The Millennium University College">The Millennium University College</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Universities_and_colleges">Universities and colleges</h3></div> <div><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abasyn_University" title="Abasyn University">Abasyn University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Air_University_(Pakistan_Air_Force)" class="mw-redirect" title="Air University (Pakistan Air Force)">Air University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Bahria_University" title="Bahria University">Bahria University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Advanced_Studies_in_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering">Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/COMSATS_University_Islamabad" title="COMSATS University Islamabad">COMSATS University Islamabad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_University,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation University, Islamabad">Foundation University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Space_Technology" title="Institute of Space Technology">Institute of Space Technology</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/International_Islamic_University,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="International Islamic University, Islamabad">International Islamic University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jinnah_University" title="Mohammad Ali Jinnah University">Mohammad Ali Jinnah University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_Defence_University,_Pakistan" title="National Defence University, Pakistan">National Defence University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Computer_and_Emerging_Sciences" title="National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences">National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Modern_Languages" title="National University of Modern Languages">National University of Modern Languages</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/NUST_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="NUST Pakistan">NUST</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Institute_of_Engineering_and_Applied_Sciences" title="Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences">Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied Sciences</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-i-Azam_University" title="Quaid-i-Azam University">Quaid-i-Azam University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Riphah_International_University" title="Riphah International University">Riphah International University</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Roots_Ivy_International_University" title="Roots Ivy International University">Roots Ivy College</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Shaheed_Zulfiqar_Ali_Bhutto_Institute_of_Science_and_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology">SZABIST</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/University_College_of_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="University College of Islamabad">University College of Islamabad</a></li></ul></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Healthcare">Healthcare</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pims2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Pims2.jpg/220px-Pims2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="120" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Pims2.jpg/330px-Pims2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1d/Pims2.jpg/440px-Pims2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="870" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Institute_of_Medical_Sciences" title="Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences">Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences</a></figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad has the lowest rate of infant mortality in the country at 38 deaths per thousand compared to the national average of 78 deaths per thousand.<sup id="cite_ref-103" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-103"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>102<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad has both public and private medical centres. The largest hospital in Islamabad is <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Institute_of_Medical_Sciences" title="Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences">Pakistan Institute of Medical Sciences</a> (PIMS) hospital. It was established in 1985 as a teaching and doctor training institute. PIMS functions as a National Reference Center and provides specialised diagnostic and curative services.<sup id="cite_ref-104" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-104"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>103<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hospital has 30 major medical departments.<sup id="cite_ref-105" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-105"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>104<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PIMS is divided into five administrative branches. Islamabad Hospital is the major component with a 592-bed facility and 22 medical and surgical specialties.<sup id="cite_ref-106" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-106"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>105<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Children's Hospital is a 230-bed hospital completed in 1985. It contains six major facilities: Surgical and Allied Specialties, Medical and Allied Specialties, Diagnostic Facilities, Operation Theatre, Critical Care (NICU, PICU, Isolation & Accident Emergency), and a Blood Bank.<sup id="cite_ref-107" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-107"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>106<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Maternal and Child Health Care Center is a training institute with an attached hospital of 125 beds offering different clinical and operational services.<sup id="cite_ref-108" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-108"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>107<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> PIMS consists of five academic institutes: Quaid-e-Azam Postgraduate Medical College, College of Nursing, College of Medical Technology, School of Nursing, and Mother and Child Health Center.<sup id="cite_ref-109" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-109"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>108<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>PAEC General Hospital and teaching institute, established in 2006, is affiliated with the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission.<sup id="cite_ref-paec_110-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paec-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The hospital consists of a 100-bed facility<sup id="cite_ref-paec_110-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-paec-110"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>109<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and 10 major departments: <a href="/wiki/Obstetrics" title="Obstetrics">Obstetrics</a> and <a href="/wiki/Gynecology" class="mw-redirect" title="Gynecology">Gynecology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pediatric" class="mw-redirect" title="Pediatric">Pediatric</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="General Medicine">General Medicine</a>, <a href="/wiki/General_Surgery" class="mw-redirect" title="General Surgery">General Surgery</a>, <a href="/wiki/Intensive_Care_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Intensive Care Unit">Intensive Care Unit</a>/<a href="/wiki/Coronary_Care_Unit" class="mw-redirect" title="Coronary Care Unit">Coronary Care Unit</a>, <a href="/wiki/Orthopedics" class="mw-redirect" title="Orthopedics">Orthopedics</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ophthalmology" title="Ophthalmology">Ophthalmology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pathology" title="Pathology">Pathology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radiology" title="Radiology">Radiology</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Dentistry" title="Dentistry">Dental</a> Department.<sup id="cite_ref-111" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-111"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>110<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Shifa International Hospital is a teaching hospital in Islamabad that was founded in 1987 and became a public company in 1989. The hospital has 70 qualified consultants in almost all specialties, 150 <a href="/wiki/Outpatient_department" title="Outpatient department">IPD</a> beds and <a href="/wiki/Outpatient_department" title="Outpatient department">OPD</a> facilities in 35 different specialisations.<sup id="cite_ref-112" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-112"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>111<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the Federal Bureau of Statistics of the Government of Pakistan, in 2008 there were 12 hospitals, 76 <a href="/wiki/Dispensaries" class="mw-redirect" title="Dispensaries">dispensaries</a>, and five maternity and child welfare centers in the city with a total of 5,158 beds.<sup id="cite_ref-113" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-113"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>112<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Transport">Transport</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Islamabad" title="Transport in Islamabad">Transport in Islamabad</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg/220px-Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="134" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg/330px-Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg/440px-Islamabad_Highway_From_the_9th_avenue_bridge.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1944" data-file-height="1188" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Srinagar_Highway" title="Srinagar Highway">Srinagar Highway</a>, Islamabad</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Aerial_transport">Aerial transport</h3></div> <p>Islamabad is connected to major destinations around the world and domestically through <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_International_Airport" title="Islamabad International Airport">Islamabad International Airport (IIAP)</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_114-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The airport is the largest in Pakistan and is located south-west of Islamabad. The new airport inaugurated on 20 April 2018, spreads over 19 square kilometers with 15 passenger boarding bridges. It also includes facilities to accommodate two double-decker Airbus A380s, 15 remote bays and 3 remote bays for Air cargo.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_114-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-114"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>113<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Public_transport">Public transport</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg/220px-The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg/330px-The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/91/The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg/440px-The_Red_Metro_Bus_in_Blue_Area.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5475" data-file-height="3120" /></a><figcaption>Islamabad Metro Bus</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi-Islamabad_Metrobus" title="Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus">Rawalpindi-Islamabad Metrobus</a> is a 83.6 km (51.9 mi) <a href="/wiki/Bus_rapid_transit" title="Bus rapid transit">bus rapid transit</a> system operating in the <a href="/wiki/Islamabad-Rawalpindi_metropolitan_area" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area">Islamabad-Rawalpindi metropolitan area</a>. The Metrobus network's first phase was opened on 4 June 2015, and stretches 22.5 kilometres between <a href="/wiki/Pak_Secretariat" class="mw-redirect" title="Pak Secretariat">Pak Secretariat</a>, in Islamabad, and <a href="/wiki/Saddar,_Rawalpindi" title="Saddar, Rawalpindi">Saddar</a> in <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a>. The second stage stretches 25.6 kilometres between the <a href="/wiki/Peshawar_Morr_Interchange" title="Peshawar Morr Interchange">Peshawar Morr Interchange</a> and <a href="/wiki/New_Islamabad_International_Airport" class="mw-redirect" title="New Islamabad International Airport">New Islamabad International Airport</a> and was inaugurated on 18 April 2022.<sup id="cite_ref-Orange_line_trial_run_115-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Orange_line_trial_run-115"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>114<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-PM_Shehbaz_Sharif_inaugurates_metrobus_service_116-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PM_Shehbaz_Sharif_inaugurates_metrobus_service-116"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>115<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> On 7 July 2022, the Green Line and Blue Lines were added to this Metrobus network.<sup id="cite_ref-117" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-117"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>116<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The system uses e-ticketing and an <a href="/wiki/Intelligent_Transportation_System" class="mw-redirect" title="Intelligent Transportation System">Intelligent Transportation System</a> and is managed by the <a href="/wiki/Punjab_Mass_Transit_Authority" class="mw-redirect" title="Punjab Mass Transit Authority">Punjab Mass Transit Authority</a>. The metro buses are widely used for commuting purposes by the labor force and students. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Railway">Railway</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad railway station">Islamabad railway station</a> is located in sector I-9 in Islamabad, <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Capital Territory</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a>. The station appears as Margala on the <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Railways" title="Pakistan Railways">Pakistan Railways</a> website.<sup id="cite_ref-118" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-118"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>117<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Private_transport">Private transport</h3></div> <p>People use private transport like <a href="/wiki/Taxicab" class="mw-redirect" title="Taxicab">Taxis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Careem" title="Careem">Careem</a>, <a href="/wiki/Uber" title="Uber">Uber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bykea" title="Bykea">Bykea</a>, and SWVL for local journeys. In March 2016, Careem became functional in Islamabad and <a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a> with taxi services. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Roadways">Roadways</h3></div> <p><a href="/wiki/M-2_motorway_(Pakistan)" title="M-2 motorway (Pakistan)">M-2 Motorway</a> is 367 km (228 mi) long and connect Islamabad and Lahore.<sup id="cite_ref-NHA_119-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHA-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/M-1_motorway_(Pakistan)" title="M-1 motorway (Pakistan)">M-1 Motorway</a> connects Islamabad with Peshawar and is 155 km (96 mi) long.<sup id="cite_ref-NHA_119-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-NHA-119"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>118<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Islamabad is linked to Rawalpindi through the <a href="/wiki/Faizabad_Interchange" title="Faizabad Interchange">Faizabad Interchange</a>, which has a daily traffic volume of about 48,000 vehicles.<sup id="cite_ref-120" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-120"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>119<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sports">Sports</h2></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg/220px-Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="125" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg/330px-Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/12/Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg/440px-Jinnah_Sports_Stadium_track_and_field.jpg 2x" data-file-width="639" data-file-height="363" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Sports_Stadium" title="Jinnah Sports Stadium">Jinnah Sports Stadium</a>, the largest stadium in Pakistan</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg/220px-Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg/330px-Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/23/Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg/440px-Islamabad_golf_Club.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="680" /></a><figcaption>Islamabad Golf Club</figcaption></figure> <p>Islamabad has a multipurpose sports complex opposite <a href="/wiki/Aabpara" title="Aabpara">Aabpara</a>. It includes Liaquat Gymnasium for indoor games, Mushaf Squash Complex and <a href="/wiki/Jinnah_Sports_Stadium" title="Jinnah Sports Stadium">Jinnah Sports Stadium</a> for outdoor games, which is a venue for regular national and international events. <a href="/wiki/2004_South_Asian_Games" title="2004 South Asian Games">2004 SAF Games</a> were held in the stadium. Some other sports venues of Islamabad include <a href="/wiki/Diamond_Club_Ground" class="mw-redirect" title="Diamond Club Ground">Diamond Club Ground</a>, Shalimar Cricket Ground and Islamabad Golf Club. </p><p>There is another multipurpose sports complex in the F6 Markaz. It has tennis courts, a basketball court with fibre-glass boards and a <a href="/wiki/Futsal" title="Futsal">Futsal</a> ground which introduced artificial turf to the people of Islamabad. </p><p>Major sports in the city include <a href="/wiki/Cricket" title="Cricket">cricket</a>, <a href="/wiki/Association_football" title="Association football">football</a>, <a href="/wiki/Squash_(sport)" title="Squash (sport)">squash</a>, <a href="/wiki/Field_hockey" title="Field hockey">hockey</a>, table tennis, rugby and <a href="/wiki/Boxing" title="Boxing">boxing</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Hanif_Raza_121-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Hanif_Raza-121"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>120<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The city is home to <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_United_(cricket)" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad United (cricket)">Islamabad United</a><sup id="cite_ref-122" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-122"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>121<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> which won the first ever <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Super_League" title="Pakistan Super League">Pakistan Super League</a> in <a href="/wiki/2016_Pakistan_Super_League" title="2016 Pakistan Super League">2016</a> and second title in <a href="/wiki/2018_Pakistan_Super_League" title="2018 Pakistan Super League">2018</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-123" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-123"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>122<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-CIrep_124-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-CIrep-124"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>123<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and Islamabad All Stars, which participates in the <a href="/wiki/Super_Kabaddi_League" title="Super Kabaddi League">Super Kabaddi League</a>. </p><p>Islamabad also has various rock climbing spots in the Margalla Hills.<sup id="cite_ref-John_Arran_125-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-John_Arran-125"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>124<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Pakistan Sports Complex has three swimming pools for children. These facilities attract a large gathering on weekends.<sup id="cite_ref-126" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-126"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>125<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Recreation">Recreation</h2></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Faisal_Mosque">Faisal Mosque</h3></div> <p>Located in Islamabad, Pakistan, the Faisal Mosque is the largest mosque in South Asia and the fourth largest mosque in the world. Built in the year 1986, it was named after the late king of <a href="/wiki/Saudi_Arabia" title="Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a>, Faisal Bin Abdul Aziz, who backed and financed the construction.<sup id="cite_ref-127" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-127"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>126<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg/220px-Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg/330px-Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg/440px-Islamabad_-_Faisal_Mosque.jpg 2x" data-file-width="6000" data-file-height="4000" /></a><figcaption>Faisal Mosque</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Trail_3">Trail 3</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg/220px-Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="123" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg/330px-Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a2/Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg/440px-Trail_3_Margalla_Hills_Islamabad.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2969" data-file-height="1661" /></a><figcaption>Trail 3 Islamabad</figcaption></figure> <p>The most famous and oldest hiking track of Islamabad is Trail 3. It starts from the Margalla Road in sector F-6/3. Due to steep hills, the trail is exhausting to some extent. The course leads to the point where it goes up to the Viewpoint and is about a 30 – 50 minutes track. After the Viewpoint it continues for another easy-going 45 – 60 minutes and reaches the Pir Sohawa, where there are two restaurants for food, <i>The Monal</i> and <i>La Montana</i>. In total, it is approximately a one-hour and thirty minute walk.<sup id="cite_ref-128" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-128"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>127<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pakistan_Monument">Pakistan Monument</h3></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg/220px-Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="137" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg/330px-Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/95/Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg/440px-Pakistan_Monument_Islamabadd.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2039" /></a><figcaption>Pakistan Monument Islamabad</figcaption></figure> <p>Located in Islamabad, the Pakistan National Monument is a representation of the four provinces and three territories of the nation. Designed by the famous architect, Arif Masood, this blooming flower-shaped structure reflects the progress and prosperity of Pakistan.<sup id="cite_ref-129" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-129"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>128<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Shah_Allah_Ditta_Caves">Shah Allah Ditta Caves</h3></div> <p>Shah Allah Ditta village is a centuries-old village and a Union Council of Islamabad Capital Authority. The village is named after a <a href="/wiki/Dervish" title="Dervish">dervish</a> that belonged to the Mughal era. It is estimated to be 650 years old approximately. It is also home to ancient caves that reflects the previous civilizations. The 2500-year-old Buddhist caves at the foot of Margalla Hills are located in west of Taxila, east of Islamabad and in the central area of Khanpur. A spring, a pond and a garden still exist near the Shah Allah Ditta Caves. There are some banyan trees in the garden, while all other fruit trees are gone. The water from the same spring was used to irrigate the garden adjoining the caves. During the Mughal period, when India was the centre of Sufism originating from Arabia and Central Asia, a saint named Shah Allah Ditta stayed in this garden and was entombed here. The place formerly attributed to sadhus, monks, or jogis is today known for the famous Sufi Shah Allah Ditta. A short distance from these caves is also an ancient baoli (stepwell) in the village of Kanthila, which is said to have been built by <a href="/wiki/Sher_Shah_Suri" title="Sher Shah Suri">Sher Shah Suri</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-130" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-130"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>129<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Twin_towns_and_sister_cities">Twin towns and sister cities</h2></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_twin_towns_and_sister_cities_in_Pakistan" title="List of twin towns and sister cities in Pakistan">List of twin towns and sister cities in Pakistan</a></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1184024115">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-width: 25em;"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates"><img alt="United Arab Emirates" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cb/Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a>, United Arab Emirates<sup id="cite_ref-Minsk_131-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Minsk-131"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>130<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan"><img alt="Jordan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c0/Flag_of_Jordan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jordan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a>, Jordan<sup id="cite_ref-132" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-132"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>131<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-tribune16_133-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tribune16-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dawn16_134-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dawn16-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a>, Turkey<sup id="cite_ref-135" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-135"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>134<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/China" title="China"><img alt="China" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_People%27s_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a>, China<sup id="cite_ref-136" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-136"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>135<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia"><img alt="Indonesia" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/Flag_of_Indonesia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Indonesia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a>, Indonesia 1984, restarted in 2010<sup id="cite_ref-137" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-137"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>136<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-138" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-138"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>137<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Spain" title="Spain"><img alt="Spain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/23px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/35px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/9a/Flag_of_Spain.svg/45px-Flag_of_Spain.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="750" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Madrid" title="Madrid">Madrid</a>, Spain<sup id="cite_ref-tribune16_133-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tribune16-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dawn16_134-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dawn16-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Belarus" title="Belarus"><img alt="Belarus" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Flag_of_Belarus.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belarus.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Minsk" title="Minsk">Minsk</a>, Belarus<sup id="cite_ref-dawn-sister_139-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dawn-sister-139"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>138<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-140" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-140"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>139<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea"><img alt="South Korea" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/23px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/35px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/09/Flag_of_South_Korea.svg/45px-Flag_of_South_Korea.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a>, South Korea<sup id="cite_ref-tribune16_133-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-tribune16-133"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>132<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-dawn16_134-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dawn16-134"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>133<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-141" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-141"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>140<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan"><img alt="Kazakhstan" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg/46px-Flag_of_Kazakhstan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="500" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a>, Kazakhstan</li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Islamabad" title="List of birds of Islamabad">List of birds of Islamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Islamabad" title="List of people from Islamabad">List of people from Islamabad</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Administrator system was implemented for 6 months before next local bodies election and <a href="/wiki/Deputy_Commissioner_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Deputy Commissioner (Pakistan)">Deputy Commissioner</a>, Islamabad was given additional charge as Administrator in absence of Mayor on 28 October 2021.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-McGarr-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-McGarr_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMcGarr2013" class="citation book cs1">McGarr, Paul (2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NdGaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PR9"><i>The Cold War in South Asia: Britain, the United States and the Indian subcontinent, 1945-1965</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781107008151" title="Special:BookSources/9781107008151"><bdi>9781107008151</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230218090937/https://books.google.com/books?id=NdGaAAAAQBAJ&pg=PR9">Archived</a> from the original on 18 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Cold+War+in+South+Asia%3A+Britain%2C+the+United+States+and+the+Indian+subcontinent%2C+1945-1965&rft.pub=Cambridge+University+Press&rft.date=2013&rft.isbn=9781107008151&rft.aulast=McGarr&rft.aufirst=Paul&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNdGaAAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPR9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nation.com.pk/28-Oct-2021/hamaza-shafqat-appointed-administrator-mci-for-6-months">"Hamaza Shafqat appointed Administrator MCI for 6 months"</a>. <i>The Nation (newspaper)</i>. 28 October 2021. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20211119070915/https://nation.com.pk/28-Oct-2021/hamaza-shafqat-appointed-administrator-mci-for-6-months">Archived</a> from the original on 19 November 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 January</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation+%28newspaper%29&rft.atitle=Hamaza+Shafqat+appointed+Administrator+MCI+for+6+months&rft.date=2021-10-28&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnation.com.pk%2F28-Oct-2021%2Fhamaza-shafqat-appointed-administrator-mci-for-6-months&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1798972/college-staffs-winter-vacation-cancelled">"College staff's winter vacation cancelled"</a>. <i>Dawn (newspaper)</i>. 19 December 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">19 December</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn+%28newspaper%29&rft.atitle=College+staff%27s+winter+vacation+cancelled&rft.date=2023-12-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1798972%2Fcollege-staffs-winter-vacation-cancelled&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cda.gov.pk/about_islamabad/vitalstats.asp">"CDA Facts & Figures"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210109053219/http://www.cda.gov.pk/about_islamabad/vitalstats.asp">Archived</a> from the original on 9 January 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 December</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=CDA+Facts+%26+Figures&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cda.gov.pk%2Fabout_islamabad%2Fvitalstats.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2023_Census-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-2023_Census_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-2023_Census_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/Pakistan.pdf">"Announcement of Results of 7th Population and Housing Census-2023"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Pakistan Bureau of Statistics (www.pbs.gov.pk)</i>. 5 August 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230814181311/https://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/population/2023/Pakistan.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 14 August 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pakistan+Bureau+of+Statistics+%28www.pbs.gov.pk%29&rft.atitle=Announcement+of+Results+of+7th+Population+and+Housing+Census-2023&rft.date=2023-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.gov.pk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpopulation%2F2023%2FPakistan.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518051721/https://www.lexico.com/definition/Islamabad">"Islamabad"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Islamabad">the original</a> on 18 May 2021.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islamabad&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FIslamabad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ictadministration.gov.pk/history-and-heritage/">"History and Heritage"</a>. <i>ICT Administration</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230929101136/https://ictadministration.gov.pk/history-and-heritage/">Archived</a> from the original on 29 September 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ICT+Administration&rft.atitle=History+and+Heritage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fictadministration.gov.pk%2Fhistory-and-heritage%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/22042/islamabad/population">"Islamabad, Pakistan Metro Area Population 1950-2023"</a>. <i>www.macrotrends.net</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221203164634/https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/22042/islamabad/population">Archived</a> from the original on 3 December 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 September</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.macrotrends.net&rft.atitle=Islamabad%2C+Pakistan+Metro+Area+Population+1950-2023&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.macrotrends.net%2Fcities%2F22042%2Fislamabad%2Fpopulation&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512180426/http://www.visitislamabad.net/islamabad/files/file-detail.asp?var=history-of-islamabad">"Capital Development Authority"</a>. <i>www.visitislamabad.net</i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitislamabad.net/islamabad/files/file-detail.asp?var=history-of-islamabad">the original</a> on 12 May 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.visitislamabad.net&rft.atitle=Capital+Development+Authority&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitislamabad.net%2Fislamabad%2Ffiles%2Ffile-detail.asp%3Fvar%3Dhistory-of-islamabad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Noyes_Mass-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Noyes_Mass_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLeslie_Noyes_Mass2011" class="citation book cs1">Leslie Noyes Mass (15 September 2011). <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/backtopakistanfi0000mass"><i>Back to Pakistan: A Fifty-Year Journey</i></a></span>. Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/backtopakistanfi0000mass/page/170">170</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1442213197" title="Special:BookSources/978-1442213197"><bdi>978-1442213197</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Back+to+Pakistan%3A+A+Fifty-Year+Journey&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2011-09-15&rft.isbn=978-1442213197&rft.au=Leslie+Noyes+Mass&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbacktopakistanfi0000mass&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Ravi_Kalia-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Ravi_Kalia_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRavi_Kalia2011" class="citation book cs1">Ravi Kalia (21 April 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=86b0MINe_gsC&pg=PA83"><i>Pakistan: From the Rhetoric of Democracy to the Rise of Militancy</i></a>. Pakistan: Routledge. p. 83. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0415670401" title="Special:BookSources/978-0415670401"><bdi>978-0415670401</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+From+the+Rhetoric+of+Democracy+to+the+Rise+of+Militancy&rft.place=Pakistan&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=2011-04-21&rft.isbn=978-0415670401&rft.au=Ravi+Kalia&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D86b0MINe_gsC%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/596791/national-monument-structure-reflects-history-of-pakistan/">"National Monument: Structure reflects history of Pakistan – The Express Tribune"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 29 August 2013. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191028155713/https://tribune.com.pk/story/596791/national-monument-structure-reflects-history-of-pakistan/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 October 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">13 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=National+Monument%3A+Structure+reflects+history+of+Pakistan+%E2%80%93+The+Express+Tribune&rft.date=2013-08-29&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F596791%2Fnational-monument-structure-reflects-history-of-pakistan%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html">"The World According to GaWC 2020"</a>. <i>GaWC - Research Network</i>. Globalization and World Cities. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200824031341/https://www.lboro.ac.uk/gawc/world2020t.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 August 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 August</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=GaWC+-+Research+Network&rft.atitle=The+World+According+to+GaWC+2020&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lboro.ac.uk%2Fgawc%2Fworld2020t.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hetland-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hetland_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHetland2014" class="citation news cs1">Hetland, Atle (23 March 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/news/1095012">"Islamabad – a city only for the rich?"</a>. <i>DAWN.COM</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190924142650/https://www.dawn.com/news/1095012">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DAWN.COM&rft.atitle=Islamabad+%E2%80%93+a+city+only+for+the+rich%3F&rft.date=2014-03-23&rft.aulast=Hetland&rft.aufirst=Atle&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1095012&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nation.com.pk/islamabad/29-Sep-2014/g-12-a-sector-housing-rich-poor-alike">"G-12, a sector housing rich, poor alike"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170817202734/http://nation.com.pk/islamabad/29-Sep-2014/g-12-a-sector-housing-rich-poor-alike">Archived</a> from the original on 17 August 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 October</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=G-12%2C+a+sector+housing+rich%2C+poor+alike&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnation.com.pk%2Fislamabad%2F29-Sep-2014%2Fg-12-a-sector-housing-rich-poor-alike&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-HEC_Rankings-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-HEC_Rankings_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-HEC_Rankings_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHEC,_Pakistan" class="citation web cs1">HEC, Pakistan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120227130407/http://beta.hec.gov.pk/INSIDEHEC/DIVISIONS/QALI/OTHERS/RANKINGOFUNIVERSITIES/Pages/CategoryWise.aspx">"HEC University Rankings by Category"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beta.hec.gov.pk/InsideHEC/Divisions/QALI/Others/RankingofUniversities/Pages/CategoryWise.aspx">the original</a> on 27 February 2012.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=HEC+University+Rankings+by+Category&rft.au=HEC%2C+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeta.hec.gov.pk%2FInsideHEC%2FDivisions%2FQALI%2FOthers%2FRankingofUniversities%2FPages%2FCategoryWise.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tribune.com.pk-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-tribune.com.pk_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/1117621/safe-city-project-gets-operational-islooites-promised-safety/">"Safe City Project gets operational: Islooites promised safety – The Express Tribune"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 6 June 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160607105655/http://tribune.com.pk/story/1117621/safe-city-project-gets-operational-islooites-promised-safety/">Archived</a> from the original on 7 June 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Safe+City+Project+gets+operational%3A+Islooites+promised+safety+%E2%80%93+The+Express+Tribune&rft.date=2016-06-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F1117621%2Fsafe-city-project-gets-operational-islooites-promised-safety%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://nation.com.pk/islamabad/28-Mar-2015/crime-rate-in-islamabad-drops-claim-police">"Crime rate in Islamabad drops, claim police"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>. 28 March 2015. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171016142456/http://nation.com.pk/islamabad/28-Mar-2015/crime-rate-in-islamabad-drops-claim-police">Archived</a> from the original on 16 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 June</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Crime+rate+in+Islamabad+drops%2C+claim+police&rft.date=2015-03-28&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnation.com.pk%2Fislamabad%2F28-Mar-2015%2Fcrime-rate-in-islamabad-drops-claim-police&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Adrian_Room-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Adrian_Room_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAdrian_Room2005" class="citation book cs1">Adrian Room (13 December 2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=M1JIPAN-eJ4C&pg=PA177"><i>Placenames of the World</i></a>. McFarland & Company. p. 177. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0786422487" title="Special:BookSources/978-0786422487"><bdi>978-0786422487</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Placenames+of+the+World&rft.pages=177&rft.pub=McFarland+%26+Company&rft.date=2005-12-13&rft.isbn=978-0786422487&rft.au=Adrian+Room&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DM1JIPAN-eJ4C%26pg%3DPA177&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCapital_Talk2020" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Capital Talk (6 February 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v5BsT0rX5Zs&t=0m27s">"Islamabad Ka Naam Kisney Rakha Tha, Qaum Be-Khabr Kyun?"</a> [Who Named Islamabad, Why Is the Nation Unaware?]. <i>YouTube</i> (Video) (in Urdu). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211211/v5BsT0rX5Zs">Archived</a> from the original on 11 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 June</span> 2020</span> – via Geo News.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=YouTube&rft.atitle=Islamabad+Ka+Naam+Kisney+Rakha+Tha%2C+Qaum+Be-Khabr+Kyun%3F&rft.date=2020-02-06&rft.au=Capital+Talk&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3Dv5BsT0rX5Zs%26t%3D0m27s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/urdu/pakistan-60496544">"اسلام آباد: پاکستان کے وفاقی دارالحکومت کا نام کس نے اور کیسے تجویز کیا؟"</a>. <i>BBC News اردو</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220224060913/https://www.bbc.com/urdu/pakistan-60496544">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 February</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News+%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%88&rft.atitle=%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%85+%D8%A2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%AF%3A+%D9%BE%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86+%DA%A9%DB%92+%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D9%82%DB%8C+%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%DA%A9%D9%88%D9%85%D8%AA+%DA%A9%D8%A7+%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%85+%DA%A9%D8%B3+%D9%86%DB%92+%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%B1+%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%92+%D8%AA%D8%AC%D9%88%DB%8C%D8%B2+%DA%A9%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%9F&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Furdu%2Fpakistan-60496544&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pakistan_net-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Pakistan_net_23-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20080630100106/http://www.pakistan.net/cities/islamabad/islamabad.htm">"Islamabad history"</a>. Pakistan.net. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pakistan.net/cities/islamabad/islamabad.htm">the original</a> on 30 June 2008.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad+history&rft.pub=Pakistan.net&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakistan.net%2Fcities%2Fislamabad%2Fislamabad.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-defence-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-defence_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-defence_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPakistan_Defence_Ministry" class="citation web cs1">Pakistan Defence Ministry. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101106014747/http://www.defence.pk/forums/military-history/3753-potohar.html">"Potohar"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.defence.pk/forums/military-history/3753-potohar.html">the original</a> on 6 November 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Potohar&rft.au=Pakistan+Defence+Ministry&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.defence.pk%2Fforums%2Fmilitary-history%2F3753-potohar.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20090807034256/http://beta.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/news/pakistan/metropolitan/16-sacred-rocks-of-islamabad-hs-10">"Sacred rocks of Islamabad"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. 2 August 2009. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://beta.dawn.com/wps/wcm/connect/dawn-content-library/dawn/news/pakistan/metropolitan/16-sacred-rocks-of-islamabad-hs-10">the original</a> on 7 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 June</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Sacred+rocks+of+Islamabad&rft.date=2009-08-02&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbeta.dawn.com%2Fwps%2Fwcm%2Fconnect%2Fdawn-content-library%2Fdawn%2Fnews%2Fpakistan%2Fmetropolitan%2F16-sacred-rocks-of-islamabad-hs-10&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLEAD" class="citation web cs1">LEAD. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110720192217/http://casestudies.lead.org/index.php?cscid=71">"Background on the Potohar Plateau"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://casestudies.lead.org/index.php?cscid=71">the original</a> on 20 July 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Background+on+the+Potohar+Plateau&rft.au=LEAD&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcasestudies.lead.org%2Findex.php%3Fcscid%3D71&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/1073941/saidpur-village-a-witness-to-history">"Saidpur Village – a witness to history"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 27 March 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220118145357/https://tribune.com.pk/story/1073941/saidpur-village-a-witness-to-history">Archived</a> from the original on 18 January 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 May</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Saidpur+Village+%E2%80%93+a+witness+to+history&rft.date=2016-03-27&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F1073941%2Fsaidpur-village-a-witness-to-history&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAmjid2016" class="citation news cs1">Amjid, Iqbal (29 February 2016). "Taxila: Mughal-era coin & 'longest staircase' unearthed near Ban Faqiran". <i>Daily Dawn News</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Daily+Dawn+News&rft.atitle=Taxila%3A+Mughal-era+coin+%26+%27longest+staircase%27+unearthed+near+Ban+Faqiran&rft.date=2016-02-29&rft.aulast=Amjid&rft.aufirst=Iqbal&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-New_Orient-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-New_Orient_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-New_Orient_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation journal cs1">"New Orient". <i>Czechoslovak Society for Eastern Studies</i>. <b><span class="nowrap">4–</span>6</b>. Prague: 565. 1965. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0548-6408">0548-6408</a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/2264893">2264893</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Czechoslovak+Society+for+Eastern+Studies&rft.atitle=New+Orient&rft.volume=4%E2%80%936&rft.pages=565&rft.date=1965&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F2264893&rft.issn=0548-6408&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-M._Bloom-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-M._Bloom_30-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-M._Bloom_30-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonathan_M._Bloom2009" class="citation book cs1">Jonathan M. Bloom, ed. (23 March 2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=un4WcfEASZwC&pg=RA1-PA309"><i>The Grove Encyclopedia of Islamic Art & Architecture</i></a>. USA: Oxford University Press. p. 309. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0195309911" title="Special:BookSources/978-0195309911"><bdi>978-0195309911</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Grove+Encyclopedia+of+Islamic+Art+%26+Architecture&rft.place=USA&rft.pages=309&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2009-03-23&rft.isbn=978-0195309911&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dun4WcfEASZwC%26pg%3DRA1-PA309&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141012210555/http://www.islamabad.gov.pk/islamabad/default.asp">"City of Islamabad"</a>. Capital Development Authority, Govt. of Pakistan. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamabad.gov.pk/islamabad/default.asp">the original</a> on 12 October 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 October</span> 2014</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=City+of+Islamabad&rft.pub=Capital+Development+Authority%2C+Govt.+of+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamabad.gov.pk%2Fislamabad%2Fdefault.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Weightman-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Weightman_32-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBarbara_A._Weightman2011" class="citation book cs1">Barbara A. Weightman (15 March 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qeBfed17zxEC&pg=PA187"><i>Dragons and Tigers: A Geography of South, East, and Southeast Asia</i></a> (3rd ed.). Wiley. p. 187. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0470876282" title="Special:BookSources/978-0470876282"><bdi>978-0470876282</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Dragons+and+Tigers%3A+A+Geography+of+South%2C+East%2C+and+Southeast+Asia&rft.pages=187&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Wiley&rft.date=2011-03-15&rft.isbn=978-0470876282&rft.au=Barbara+A.+Weightman&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqeBfed17zxEC%26pg%3DPA187&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Saxon-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Saxon_33-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Saxon_33-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWolfgang_Saxon1988" class="citation news cs1">Wolfgang Saxon (11 April 1988). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/11/world/new-capital-city-with-an-industrial-twin.html">"New Capital City With an Industrial Twin"</a>. <i>The New York Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130509230358/http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/11/world/new-capital-city-with-an-industrial-twin.html">Archived</a> from the original on 9 May 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+New+York+Times&rft.atitle=New+Capital+City+With+an+Industrial+Twin&rft.date=1988-04-11&rft.au=Wolfgang+Saxon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.nytimes.com%2F1988%2F04%2F11%2Fworld%2Fnew-capital-city-with-an-industrial-twin.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCDA_Islamabad" class="citation web cs1">CDA Islamabad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160512180426/http://www.visitislamabad.net/islamabad/files/file-detail.asp?var=history-of-islamabad">"History of Islamabad"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitislamabad.net/islamabad/files/file-detail.asp?var=history-of-islamabad">the original</a> on 12 May 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=History+of+Islamabad&rft.au=CDA+Islamabad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitislamabad.net%2Fislamabad%2Ffiles%2Ffile-detail.asp%3Fvar%3Dhistory-of-islamabad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Maneesha_Tikekar-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Maneesha_Tikekar_35-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFManeesha_Tikekar2004" class="citation book cs1">Maneesha Tikekar (1 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HGqsWktyFcEC&pg=PA23"><i>Across the Wagah: An Indian's Sojourn in Pakistan</i></a>. Promilla. pp. <span class="nowrap">23–</span>62. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-8185002347" title="Special:BookSources/978-8185002347"><bdi>978-8185002347</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Across+the+Wagah%3A+An+Indian%27s+Sojourn+in+Pakistan&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E23-%3C%2Fspan%3E62&rft.pub=Promilla&rft.date=2004-01-01&rft.isbn=978-8185002347&rft.au=Maneesha+Tikekar&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHGqsWktyFcEC%26pg%3DPA23&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_36-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_36-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295631/Islamabad#ref749695">"Islamabad"</a>. <i>Encyclopædia Britannica</i>. 23 May 2023. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150503191505/http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/295631/Islamabad#ref749695">Archived</a> from the original on 3 May 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">23 June</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Islamabad&rft.btitle=Encyclop%C3%A6dia+Britannica&rft.date=2023-05-23&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2FEBchecked%2Ftopic%2F295631%2FIslamabad%23ref749695&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCDA_Islamabad" class="citation web cs1">CDA Islamabad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090926114716/http://www.visitislamabad.net/islamabad/files/file-detail.asp?var=demographics">"Islamabad Demographics"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.visitislamabad.net/islamabad/files/file-detail.asp?var=demographics">the original</a> on 26 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad+Demographics&rft.au=CDA+Islamabad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.visitislamabad.net%2Fislamabad%2Ffiles%2Ffile-detail.asp%3Fvar%3Ddemographics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDAWN_News2004" class="citation web cs1">DAWN News (4 January 2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/2004/01/04/top5.htm">"Islamabad making history"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20081013071727/http://www.dawn.com/2004/01/04/top5.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 13 October 2008<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad+making+history&rft.date=2004-01-04&rft.au=DAWN+News&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2F2004%2F01%2F04%2Ftop5.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/4323008.stm">"Quake's terrible toll is revealed"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. 9 October 2005. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070224145831/http://news.bbc.co.uk/1/hi/world/south_asia/4323008.stm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2007<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 May</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Quake%27s+terrible+toll+is+revealed&rft.date=2005-10-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fnews.bbc.co.uk%2F1%2Fhi%2Fworld%2Fsouth_asia%2F4323008.stm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOhmyNews" class="citation web cs1">OhmyNews. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120119160136/http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?menu=c10400&no=383721&rel_no=1">"Timeline of Suicide Blasts in Islamabad"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://english.ohmynews.com/articleview/article_view.asp?menu=c10400&no=383721&rel_no=1">the original</a> on 19 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 October</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Timeline+of+Suicide+Blasts+in+Islamabad&rft.au=OhmyNews&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fenglish.ohmynews.com%2Farticleview%2Farticle_view.asp%3Fmenu%3Dc10400%26no%3D383721%26rel_no%3D1&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2011_terrorism-41"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2011_terrorism_41-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMunawer_Azeem2012" class="citation news cs1">Munawer Azeem (5 January 2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dawn.com/2012/01/05/islamabad-saw-four-terror-attacks-last-year/">"Islamabad saw four terror attacks last year"</a>. <i>Dawn</i>. Islamabad. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130117005107/http://dawn.com/2012/01/05/islamabad-saw-four-terror-attacks-last-year/">Archived</a> from the original on 17 January 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Islamabad+saw+four+terror+attacks+last+year&rft.date=2012-01-05&rft.au=Munawer+Azeem&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fdawn.com%2F2012%2F01%2F05%2Fislamabad-saw-four-terror-attacks-last-year%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFA_Reporter2014" class="citation web cs1">A Reporter (28 January 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dawn.com/news/1083242/shahbaz-to-inaugurate-work-on-metro-bus-service-on-feb-28">"Shahbaz to inaugurate work on Metro Bus Service on Feb 28"</a>. <i>dawn.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304031745/http://www.dawn.com/news/1083242/shahbaz-to-inaugurate-work-on-metro-bus-service-on-feb-28">Archived</a> from the original on 4 March 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 March</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=dawn.com&rft.atitle=Shahbaz+to+inaugurate+work+on+Metro+Bus+Service+on+Feb+28&rft.date=2014-01-28&rft.au=A+Reporter&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1083242%2Fshahbaz-to-inaugurate-work-on-metro-bus-service-on-feb-28&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-D._Brunn-43"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-D._Brunn_43-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStanley_D._BrunnJack_F._WilliamsDonald_J._Zeigler2003" class="citation book cs1">Stanley D. Brunn; Jack F. Williams; Donald J. Zeigler (2003). "Cities of South Asia". <span class="id-lock-registration" title="Free registration required"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/citiesofworld00stan"><i>Cities of the World: World Regional Urban Development</i></a></span> (3rd ed.). Rowman & Littlefield Publishers. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/citiesofworld00stan/page/368">368</a>–369. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0847698981" title="Special:BookSources/978-0847698981"><bdi>978-0847698981</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Cities+of+South+Asia&rft.btitle=Cities+of+the+World%3A+World+Regional+Urban+Development&rft.pages=368-369&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=978-0847698981&rft.au=Stanley+D.+Brunn&rft.au=Jack+F.+Williams&rft.au=Donald+J.+Zeigler&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fcitiesofworld00stan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/p/PK41571.php#data">"Islamabad Airport"</a>. Climate Charts. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090722121742/http://www.climate-charts.com/Locations/p/PK41571.php#data">Archived</a> from the original on 22 July 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">28 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad+Airport&rft.pub=Climate+Charts&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.climate-charts.com%2FLocations%2Fp%2FPK41571.php%23data&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Yasmeen_Niaz-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Yasmeen_Niaz_45-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFYasmeen_Niaz_Mohiuddin2006" class="citation book cs1">Yasmeen Niaz Mohiuddin (27 November 2006). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=OTMy0B9OZjAC&pg=PA299"><i>Pakistan: A Global Studies Handbook</i></a> (1st ed.). ABC-CLIO. p. 299. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1851098019" title="Special:BookSources/978-1851098019"><bdi>978-1851098019</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">1 July</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Pakistan%3A+A+Global+Studies+Handbook&rft.pages=299&rft.edition=1st&rft.pub=ABC-CLIO&rft.date=2006-11-27&rft.isbn=978-1851098019&rft.au=Yasmeen+Niaz+Mohiuddin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DOTMy0B9OZjAC%26pg%3DPA299&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Butt, M. J., Waqas, A., Iqbal, M, F., Muhammad., G., and Lodhi, M. A. K., 2011, "Assessment of Urban Sprawl of Islamabad Metropolitan Area Using Multi-Sensor and Multi-Temporal Satellite Data." <i>Arabian Journal For Science And Engineering</i>. Digital Object Identifier (DOI): 10.1007/s13369-011-0148-3.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.gisdevelopment.net/application/urban/agglomeration/ma03112a.htm">"Urban growth monitoring along Islamabad Highway"</a>. GIS Development. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20150924022334/http://www.gisdevelopment.net/application/urban/agglomeration/ma03112a.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 24 September 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">29 August</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Urban+growth+monitoring+along+Islamabad+Highway&rft.pub=GIS+Development&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.gisdevelopment.net%2Fapplication%2Furban%2Fagglomeration%2Fma03112a.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-pakmet.com.pk-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-pakmet.com.pk_48-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120112060839/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/extrems/islamabad.htm">"Climate Records: Islamabad"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/extrems/islamabad.htm">the original</a> on 12 January 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+Records%3A+Islamabad&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakmet.com.pk%2Fcdpc%2Fextrems%2Fislamabad.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-archived-pakmet-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-archived-pakmet_49-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100613053217/http://www.pakmet.com.pk/cdpc/Climate/Islamabad_Climate_Data.txt">"Best Housing Societies in Islamabad to Invest in 2022"</a>. 13 June 2010. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">15 January</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Best+Housing+Societies+in+Islamabad+to+Invest+in+2022&rft.date=2010-06-13&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakmet.com.pk%2Fcdpc%2FClimate%2FIslamabad_Climate_Data.txt&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20060213002216/http://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT002680">"Average Conditions, Islamabad, Pakistan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/weather/world/city_guides/results.shtml?tt=TT002680">the original</a> on 13 February 2006<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Average+Conditions%2C+Islamabad%2C+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fweather%2Fworld%2Fcity_guides%2Fresults.shtml%3Ftt%3DTT002680&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-51"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-51">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geo.tv/latest/101036-Margalla-hills-receive-snowfall-after-decade">"Margalla hills receive snowfall after decade"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210930154510/https://www.geo.tv/latest/101036-Margalla-hills-receive-snowfall-after-decade">Archived</a> from the original on 30 September 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 September</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Margalla+hills+receive+snowfall+after+decade&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.tv%2Flatest%2F101036-Margalla-hills-receive-snowfall-after-decade&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-52"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-52">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.essl.org/ECSS/2007/abs/02-Case-study/sheikh-1-sec02.oral.pdf">"Severe Storms on dated 23rd July 2001 Islamabad, Pakistan"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Abdul Hameed, Director Pakistan Meteorological Department. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120229004924/http://www.essl.org/ECSS/2007/abs/02-Case-study/sheikh-1-sec02.oral.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on 29 February 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Severe+Storms+on+dated+23rd+July+2001+Islamabad%2C+Pakistan&rft.pub=Abdul+Hameed%2C+Director+Pakistan+Meteorological+Department&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.essl.org%2FECSS%2F2007%2Fabs%2F02-Case-study%2Fsheikh-1-sec02.oral.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-53"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-53">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/extremes/2001/july/extremes0701.html">"Weather Log – July 21–31, 2001"</a>. National Climatic Data Center. 6 August 2001. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120324083743/http://www.ncdc.noaa.gov/oa/climate/extremes/2001/july/extremes0701.html">Archived</a> from the original on 24 March 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Weather+Log+%E2%80%93+July+21%E2%80%9331%2C+2001&rft.pub=National+Climatic+Data+Center&rft.date=2001-08-06&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncdc.noaa.gov%2Foa%2Fclimate%2Fextremes%2F2001%2Fjuly%2Fextremes0701.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NOAA-54"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-NOAA_54-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="ftp://ftp.atdd.noaa.gov/pub/GCOS/WMO-Normals/RA-II/PK/41571.TXT">"Islamabad Climate Normals 1961-1990"</a>. <a href="/wiki/National_Oceanic_and_Atmospheric_Administration" title="National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration">National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Federal Ministry of Transport and Digital Infrastructure<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Klimatafel+von+Islamabad+%28Flughafen%29+%2F+Pakistan&rft.pub=Federal+Ministry+of+Transport+and+Digital+Infrastructure&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dwd.de%2FDWD%2Fklima%2Fberatung%2Fak%2Fak_415710_kt.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-57"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-57">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pmd.gov.pk/cdpc/extrems/islamabad.htm">"Extremes of Islamabad"</a>. Pakistan Meteorological Department<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">20 July</span> 2024</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TABLE+11+%E2%80%93+POPULATION+BY+MOTHER+TONGUE%2C+SEX+AND+RURAL%2F+URBAN&rft.pub=Pakistan+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.gov.pk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpopulation%2F2023%2Ftables%2Fsindh%2Fpcr%2Ftable_11.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-77"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-77">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopulation_Census_Organization,_Govt._of_Pakistan" class="citation web cs1">Population Census Organization, Govt. of Pakistan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100827004028/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/pop_by_age_group.pdf">"POPULATION BY SELECTIVE AGE GROUPS"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/pop_by_age_group.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=POPULATION+BY+SELECTIVE+AGE+GROUPS&rft.au=Population+Census+Organization%2C+Govt.+of+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statpak.gov.pk%2Fdepts%2Fpco%2Fstatistics%2Fother_tables%2Fpop_by_age_group.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PBS-78"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-PBS_78-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-PBS_78-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pbs.gov.pk/sites/default/files/pslm/publications/pslm_prov2010-11/tables/2.14a.pdf">"Literacy Rate"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 September</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Literacy+Rate&rft.pub=Pakistan+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pbs.gov.pk%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Fpslm%2Fpublications%2Fpslm_prov2010-11%2Ftables%2F2.14a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-79"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-79">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopulation_Census_Organization,_Govt._of_Pakistan" class="citation web cs1">Population Census Organization, Govt. of Pakistan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090720044627/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/pop_education/pop_education_rural_urban.html">"Population by Level of Education"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/labour_force.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 27 August 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=LABOR+FORCE+PARTICIPATION+RATES&rft.au=Population+Census+Organization%2C+Govt.+of+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statpak.gov.pk%2Fdepts%2Fpco%2Fstatistics%2Fother_tables%2Flabour_force.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-81"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-81">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPopulation_Census_Organization,_Govt._of_Pakistan" class="citation web cs1">Population Census Organization, Govt. of Pakistan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100827005129/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/pco/statistics/other_tables/unemployment_rates.pdf">"UN-EMPLOYMENT RATES"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamabadthecapital.com/culture-of-islamabad/">the original</a> on 28 December 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 March</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamabadthecapital.com%2Fculture-of-islamabad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-L._Roberts-101"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-L._Roberts_101-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCharles_S._Benson1972" class="citation book cs1">Charles S. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pims.gov.pk/aboutPIMS.htm">the original</a> on 27 December 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+PIMS&rft.au=PIMS-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pims.gov.pk%2FaboutPIMS.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPIMS-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PIMS-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140228005138/http://www.pims.gov.pk/departments.htm">"Departments at PIMS"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pims.gov.pk/departments.htm">the original</a> on 28 February 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Departments+at+PIMS&rft.au=PIMS-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pims.gov.pk%2Fdepartments.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPIMS-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PIMS-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051227131252/http://www.pims.gov.pk/isbHospital.htm">"Islamabad Hospital"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pims.gov.pk/isbHospital.htm">the original</a> on 27 December 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad+Hospital&rft.au=PIMS-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pims.gov.pk%2FisbHospital.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPIMS-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PIMS-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090915204759/http://www.pims.gov.pk/childrenHospital.htm">"Children Hospital"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pims.gov.pk/childrenHospital.htm">the original</a> on 15 September 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Children+Hospital&rft.au=PIMS-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pims.gov.pk%2FchildrenHospital.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPIMS-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PIMS-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051101231029/http://www.pims.gov.pk/MCH.htm">"Maternal & Child Health Care Center"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pims.gov.pk/MCH.htm">the original</a> on 1 November 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maternal+%26+Child+Health+Care+Center&rft.au=PIMS-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pims.gov.pk%2FMCH.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPIMS-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PIMS-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20050715083956/http://www.pims.gov.pk/QPGMC.htm">"Quaid-i-Azam Postgraduate Medical College"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pims.gov.pk/QPGMC.htm">the original</a> on 15 July 2005.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Quaid-i-Azam+Postgraduate+Medical+College&rft.au=PIMS-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pims.gov.pk%2FQPGMC.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-paec-110"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-paec_110-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-paec_110-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPAEC_General_Hospital-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PAEC General Hospital-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090106062241/http://www.paec.gov.pk/paec_hospital/about.htm">"About PAEC Hospital"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paec.gov.pk/paec_hospital/about.htm">the original</a> on 6 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=About+PAEC+Hospital&rft.au=PAEC+General+Hospital-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paec.gov.pk%2Fpaec_hospital%2Fabout.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPAEC_General_Hospital-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">PAEC General Hospital-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090106050652/http://www.paec.gov.pk/paec_hospital/functions.htm">"Functions of Major Departments"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.paec.gov.pk/paec_hospital/functions.htm">the original</a> on 6 January 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Functions+of+Major+Departments&rft.au=PAEC+General+Hospital-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.paec.gov.pk%2Fpaec_hospital%2Ffunctions.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSHIFA_International_Hospital-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">SHIFA International Hospital-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090423191047/http://www.shifa.com.pk/shifa/">"SHIFA History"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.shifa.com.pk/shifa/">the original</a> on 23 April 2009.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=SHIFA+History&rft.au=SHIFA+International+Hospital-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.shifa.com.pk%2Fshifa%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-113"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-113">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFederal_Bureau_of_Statistics" class="citation web cs1">Federal Bureau of Statistics. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20101113153523/http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/fbs/statistics/social_statistics/health1.pdf">"Hospitals/Dispensaries and Beds by Province"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statpak.gov.pk/depts/fbs/statistics/social_statistics/health1.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 13 November 2010.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hospitals%2FDispensaries+and+Beds+by+Province&rft.au=Federal+Bureau+of+Statistics&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statpak.gov.pk%2Fdepts%2Ffbs%2Fstatistics%2Fsocial_statistics%2Fhealth1.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-114"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_114-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_114-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFIslamabad_Airport" class="citation web cs1">Islamabad Airport. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamabadairport.com.pk/About/About-Introduction.aspx">"Islamabad Airport"</a>. <i>Islamabad Airport</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717040532/https://islamabadairport.com.pk/About/About-Introduction.aspx">Archived</a> from the original on 17 July 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 July</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Islamabad+Airport&rft.atitle=Islamabad+Airport&rft.au=Islamabad+Airport&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fislamabadairport.com.pk%2FAbout%2FAbout-Introduction.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Orange_line_trial_run-115"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Orange_line_trial_run_115-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.incpak.com/national/islamabad-starts-trial-of-orange-line-metro-bus-service/">"Islamabad Starts Trial of Orange Line Metro Bus Service"</a>. <i>INCPAK</i>. 16 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220628161913/https://www.incpak.com/national/islamabad-starts-trial-of-orange-line-metro-bus-service/">Archived</a> from the original on 28 June 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=INCPAK&rft.atitle=Islamabad+Starts+Trial+of+Orange+Line+Metro+Bus+Service&rft.date=2022-04-16&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.incpak.com%2Fnational%2Fislamabad-starts-trial-of-orange-line-metro-bus-service%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-PM_Shehbaz_Sharif_inaugurates_metrobus_service-116"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-PM_Shehbaz_Sharif_inaugurates_metrobus_service_116-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.geo.tv/latest/412136-pm-shehbaz-sharif-inaugurates-metrobus-service-from-peshawar-mor-to-islamabad">"PM Shehbaz Sharif confident his 'speedy work' will frighten ex-premier Imran Khan"</a>. <i>GEO News</i>. 18 April 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220418212155/https://www.geo.tv/latest/412136-pm-shehbaz-sharif-inaugurates-metrobus-service-from-peshawar-mor-to-islamabad">Archived</a> from the original on 18 April 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">18 April</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=GEO+News&rft.atitle=PM+Shehbaz+Sharif+confident+his+%27speedy+work%27+will+frighten+ex-premier+Imran+Khan&rft.date=2022-04-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.geo.tv%2Flatest%2F412136-pm-shehbaz-sharif-inaugurates-metrobus-service-from-peshawar-mor-to-islamabad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-117"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-117">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/972204-pm-shahbaz-inaugurates-green-blue-lines-of-metro-bus-service-in-islamabad">"PM Shahbaz inaugurates Green Line, Blue Line metro bus services"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_News_International" title="The News International">The News International</a></i>. 7 July 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220814025512/https://www.thenews.com.pk/latest/972204-pm-shahbaz-inaugurates-green-blue-lines-of-metro-bus-service-in-islamabad">Archived</a> from the original on 14 August 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">21 July</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+News+International&rft.atitle=PM+Shahbaz+inaugurates+Green+Line%2C+Blue+Line+metro+bus+services&rft.date=2022-07-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thenews.com.pk%2Flatest%2F972204-pm-shahbaz-inaugurates-green-blue-lines-of-metro-bus-service-in-islamabad&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210201190757/https://www.pakrail.gov.pk/">"Pakistan Railways"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Railways" title="Pakistan Railways">Pakistan Railways</a></i>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.pakrail.gov.pk/">the original</a> on 1 February 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">5 October</span> 2022</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pakistan+Railways&rft.atitle=Pakistan+Railways&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakrail.gov.pk%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-NHA-119"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-NHA_119-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-NHA_119-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNational_Highway_Authority_Pakistan" class="citation web cs1">National Highway Authority Pakistan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221006233451/https://www.nha.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&id=5&Itemid=45">"Motorway's of Pakistan"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nha.gov.pk/index.php?option=com_content&task=blogsection&id=5&Itemid=45">the original</a> on 6 October 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">17 September</span> 2009</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Motorway%27s+of+Pakistan&rft.au=National+Highway+Authority+Pakistan&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nha.gov.pk%2Findex.php%3Foption%3Dcom_content%26task%3Dblogsection%26id%3D5%26Itemid%3D45&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-120"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-120">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNESPAK" class="citation web cs1">NESPAK. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110810092226/http://www.nespak.com.pk/services/viewPic.asp?sector=3&id=13">"Faizabad Interchange"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.nespak.com.pk/services/viewPic.asp?sector=3&id=13">the original</a> on 10 August 2011.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Faizabad+Interchange&rft.au=NESPAK&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nespak.com.pk%2Fservices%2FviewPic.asp%3Fsector%3D3%26id%3D13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Hanif_Raza-121"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Hanif_Raza_121-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFM._Hanif_Raza1985" class="citation book cs1">M. Hanif Raza (1985). <i>Islamabad and environs</i>. Colorpix. p. 83. <a href="/wiki/ASIN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ASIN (identifier)">ASIN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.amazon.com/dp/B0006ENJ0I">B0006ENJ0I</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Islamabad+and+environs&rft.pages=83&rft.pub=Colorpix&rft.date=1985&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.amazon.com%2Fdp%2FB0006ENJ0I%23id-name%3DASIN&rft.au=M.+Hanif+Raza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-122"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-122">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShafique" class="citation web cs1">Shafique, Adnan. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.islamabadunited.com/about-us/">"Islamabad United"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230224040254/https://www.islamabadunited.com/about-us/">Archived</a> from the original on 24 February 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad+United&rft.aulast=Shafique&rft.aufirst=Adnan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.islamabadunited.com%2Fabout-us%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-123"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-123">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://arynews.tv/en/ary-digital-neer-winning-psl/">"ARY Digital Network President Salman Iqbal congratulates Islamabad United over winning PSL"</a>. <i>arynews.tv</i>. 24 February 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160225092427/http://arynews.tv/en/ary-digital-neer-winning-psl/">Archived</a> from the original on 25 February 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=arynews.tv&rft.atitle=ARY+Digital+Network+President+Salman+Iqbal+congratulates+Islamabad+United+over+winning+PSL&rft.date=2016-02-24&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Farynews.tv%2Fen%2Fary-digital-neer-winning-psl%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-CIrep-124"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-CIrep_124-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8679/report/1128851">"Ronchi, Shadab seal Islamabad's second PSL title"</a>. <i>ESPNcricinfo</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190327092249/http://www.espncricinfo.com/series/8679/report/1128851">Archived</a> from the original on 27 March 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 March</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ESPNcricinfo&rft.atitle=Ronchi%2C+Shadab+seal+Islamabad%27s+second+PSL+title&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.espncricinfo.com%2Fseries%2F8679%2Freport%2F1128851&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-John_Arran-125"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-John_Arran_125-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFArran2012" class="citation web cs1">Arran, John (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20131022121139/http://www.pakistanalpine.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Monkey-Business-A-Guide-to-Climb-Margalla-2012-Edition.pdf">"A Guide to Climbing in Margalla"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Rock Climbing Islamabad</i>. Pakistan Alpine Institute. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.pakistanalpine.com/wp-content/uploads/2013/08/Monkey-Business-A-Guide-to-Climb-Margalla-2012-Edition.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 22 October 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">12 October</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Rock+Climbing+Islamabad&rft.atitle=A+Guide+to+Climbing+in+Margalla&rft.date=2012&rft.aulast=Arran&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.pakistanalpine.com%2Fwp-content%2Fuploads%2F2013%2F08%2FMonkey-Business-A-Guide-to-Climb-Margalla-2012-Edition.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-126"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-126">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sports facilities at Pakistan Sports Complex <a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.sports.gov.pk/SportsFacilities/sportsfacilities.htm#cycling">http://www.sports.gov.pk/SportsFacilities/sportsfacilities.htm#cycling</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160508062306/http://www.sports.gov.pk/SportsFacilities/sportsfacilities.htm#cycling">Archived</a> 8 May 2016 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-127"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-127">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehistoryhub.com/faisal-mosque-facts-pictures.htm">"Faisal Mosque Historical Facts and Pictures | The History Hub"</a>. <i>www.thehistoryhub.com</i>. 5 August 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181022180812/https://www.thehistoryhub.com/faisal-mosque-facts-pictures.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 22 October 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thehistoryhub.com&rft.atitle=Faisal+Mosque+Historical+Facts+and+Pictures+%7C+The+History+Hub&rft.date=2014-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehistoryhub.com%2Ffaisal-mosque-facts-pictures.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-128"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-128">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180711120951/http://www.cda.gov.pk/about_islamabad/trails/default.asp">"Hiking Trail 3"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cda.gov.pk/about_islamabad/trails/default.asp">the original</a> on 11 July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hiking+Trail+3&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cda.gov.pk%2Fabout_islamabad%2Ftrails%2Fdefault.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-129"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-129">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.thehistoryhub.com/pakistan-national-monument-facts-pictures.htm">"Pakistan National Monument Historical Facts and Pictures | The History Hub"</a>. <i>www.thehistoryhub.com</i>. 5 August 2014. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20171030183823/http://www.thehistoryhub.com/pakistan-national-monument-facts-pictures.htm">Archived</a> from the original on 30 October 2017<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 July</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.thehistoryhub.com&rft.atitle=Pakistan+National+Monument+Historical+Facts+and+Pictures+%7C+The+History+Hub&rft.date=2014-08-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.thehistoryhub.com%2Fpakistan-national-monument-facts-pictures.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-130"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-130">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tribune.com.pk/story/2360839/shah-allah-ditta-caves-relic-of-ancient-buddhism">"Shah Allah Ditta caves – relic of ancient Buddhism"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 9 June 2022. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220705020116/https://tribune.com.pk/story/2360839/shah-allah-ditta-caves-relic-of-ancient-buddhism">Archived</a> from the original on 5 July 2022<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">24 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=Shah+Allah+Ditta+caves+%E2%80%93+relic+of+ancient+Buddhism&rft.date=2022-06-09&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F2360839%2Fshah-allah-ditta-caves-relic-of-ancient-buddhism&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Minsk-131"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Minsk_131-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090830121424/http://minsk.gov.by/cgi-bin/org_ps.pl?k_org=3604&mode=doc&doc=3604_2_a&lang=eng">"<i>Twin towns of Minsk</i>"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Copyright" title="Copyright">©</a> 2008 The department of protocol and international relations of Minsk City Executive Committee. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://minsk.gov.by/cgi-bin/org_ps.pl?k_org=3604&mode=doc&doc=3604_2_a&lang=eng">the original</a> on 30 August 2009<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 December</span> 2008</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Twin+towns+of+Minsk&rft.pub=%C2%A9+2008+The+department+of+protocol+and+international+relations+of+Minsk+City+Executive+Committee&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fminsk.gov.by%2Fcgi-bin%2Forg_ps.pl%3Fk_org%3D3604%26mode%3Ddoc%26doc%3D3604_2_a%26lang%3Deng&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-132"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-132">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreater_Amman_Municipality-Official_website" class="citation web cs1">Greater Amman Municipality-Official website. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201214220519/https://www.ammancity.gov.jo/english/accessing/a1.asp">"Twin city agreements"</a>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ammancity.gov.jo/english/accessing/a1.asp">the original</a> on 14 December 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Twin+city+agreements&rft.au=Greater+Amman+Municipality-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ammancity.gov.jo%2Fenglish%2Faccessing%2Fa1.asp&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-tribune16-133"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-tribune16_133-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tribune16_133-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-tribune16_133-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://tribune.com.pk/story/1258738/making-slum-city">"The making of a slum city"</a>. <i>The Express Tribune</i>. 9 December 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201108161654/https://tribune.com.pk/story/1258738/making-slum-city">Archived</a> from the original on 8 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Express+Tribune&rft.atitle=The+making+of+a+slum+city&rft.date=2016-12-09&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Ftribune.com.pk%2Fstory%2F1258738%2Fmaking-slum-city&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dawn16-134"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-dawn16_134-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dawn16_134-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-dawn16_134-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dawn.com/news/1230842">"Islamabad to get new sister city"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(newspaper)" title="Dawn (newspaper)">Dawn</a></i>. 5 January 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180318182531/https://www.dawn.com/news/1230842">Archived</a> from the original on 18 March 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Islamabad+to+get+new+sister+city&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dawn.com%2Fnews%2F1230842&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-135"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-135">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreater_Municipality_of_Ankara" class="citation web cs1">Greater Municipality of Ankara. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100705145123/http://www.ankara.bel.tr/AbbSayfalariEn/hizmet_birimleri/dis_dairesi_baskanligi/kardes_sehirler.aspx">"Sister Cities of Ankara"</a>. 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Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ebeijing.gov.cn/Sister_Cities/Sister_City/Asia_1/sis_Islamabad/">the original</a> on 26 May 2010<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Sister+cities&rft.au=Beijing+International-Official+website&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ebeijing.gov.cn%2FSister_Cities%2FSister_City%2FAsia_1%2Fsis_Islamabad%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-137"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-137">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2010%5C01%5C23%5Cstory_23-1-2010_pg11_2">"Daily Times"</a>. <i>Daily Times</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120729005443/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2010%5C01%5C23%5Cstory_23-1-2010_pg11_2">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">14 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Daily+Times&rft.atitle=Daily+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailytimes.com.pk%2Fdefault.asp%3Fpage%3D2010%255C01%255C23%255Cstory_23-1-2010_pg11_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-138"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-138">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBeritaSatu.com" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">BeritaSatu.com. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.beritasatu.com/megapolitan/192958-koni-dki-jalin-kerja-sama-sister-city-dengan-21-kota-dunia">"KONI DKI Jalin Kerja Sama "Sister City" dengan 21 Kota Dunia"</a>. <i>beritasatu.com</i> (in Indonesian)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=beritasatu.com&rft.atitle=KONI+DKI+Jalin+Kerja+Sama+%22Sister+City%22+dengan+21+Kota+Dunia&rft.au=BeritaSatu.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.beritasatu.com%2Fmegapolitan%2F192958-koni-dki-jalin-kerja-sama-sister-city-dengan-21-kota-dunia&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-dawn-sister-139"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-dawn-sister_139-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAbbas2016" class="citation news cs1"><a href="/wiki/Zaffar_Abbas" title="Zaffar Abbas">Abbas, Zaffar</a>, ed. (5 January 2016). "Islamabad to get new sister city". <i><a href="/wiki/Dawn_(newspaper)" title="Dawn (newspaper)">Dawn</a></i>. Karachi, Pakistan: <a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Herald_Publications" class="mw-redirect" title="Pakistan Herald Publications">Pakistan Herald Publications</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Dawn&rft.atitle=Islamabad+to+get+new+sister+city&rft.date=2016-01-05&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-140"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-140">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nation.com.pk/05-Jan-2016/islamabad-declared-sister-city-of-minsk">"Islamabad declared sister city of Minsk"</a>. <i>The Nation</i>. 5 January 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201130033023/https://nation.com.pk/05-Jan-2016/islamabad-declared-sister-city-of-minsk">Archived</a> from the original on 30 November 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">31 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Nation&rft.atitle=Islamabad+declared+sister+city+of+Minsk&rft.date=2016-01-05&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnation.com.pk%2F05-Jan-2016%2Fislamabad-declared-sister-city-of-minsk&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-141"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-141">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFazal_Sher_–_Daily_Times" class="citation web cs1">Fazal Sher – Daily Times. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C11%5C08%5Cstory_8-11-2008_pg11_2">"Islamabad, Seoul to be made sister cities"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120729145801/http://www.dailytimes.com.pk/default.asp?page=2008%5C11%5C08%5Cstory_8-11-2008_pg11_2">Archived</a> from the original on 29 July 2012<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 May</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Islamabad%2C+Seoul+to+be+made+sister+cities&rft.au=Fazal+Sher+%E2%80%93+Daily+Times&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.dailytimes.com.pk%2Fdefault.asp%3Fpage%3D2008%255C11%255C08%255Cstory_8-11-2008_pg11_2&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoatasim2023" class="citation book cs1">Moatasim, Faiza (2023). <i>Master Plans and Encroachments: The Architecture of Informality in Islamabad</i>. University of Pennsylvania Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5128-2519-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5128-2519-0"><bdi>978-1-5128-2519-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Master+Plans+and+Encroachments%3A+The+Architecture+of+Informality+in+Islamabad&rft.pub=University+of+Pennsylvania+Press&rft.date=2023&rft.isbn=978-1-5128-2519-0&rft.aulast=Moatasim&rft.aufirst=Faiza&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AIslamabad" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1250146164">.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow{padding:0.75em 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-abovebelow>b{display:block}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul{border-top:1px solid #aaa;padding:0.75em 0;width:217px;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .sister-box .side-box-text>ul>li{min-height:31px}.mw-parser-output .sister-logo{display:inline-block;width:31px;line-height:31px;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .sister-link{display:inline-block;margin-left:4px;width:182px;vertical-align:middle}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div role="navigation" aria-labelledby="sister-projects" class="side-box metadata side-box-right sister-box sistersitebox plainlinks"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-abovebelow"> <b>Islamabad</b> at Wikipedia's <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Wikimedia_sister_projects" title="Wikipedia:Wikimedia sister projects"><span id="sister-projects">sister projects</span></a></div> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-text plainlist"><ul><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/27px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/41px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/0/06/Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg/54px-Wiktionary-logo-v2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="391" data-file-height="391" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/Special:Search/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="wikt:Special:Search/Islamabad">Definitions</a> from Wiktionary</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/20px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/40px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="c:Islamabad">Media</a> from Commons</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/27px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/41px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Wikinews-logo.svg/54px-Wikinews-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="759" data-file-height="415" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikinews.org/wiki/Category:Islamabad" class="extiw" title="n:Category:Islamabad">News</a> from Wikinews</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/23px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/35px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/46px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="q:Islamabad">Quotations</a> from Wikiquote</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/26px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/39px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/51px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="410" data-file-height="430" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Special:Search/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="s:Special:Search/Islamabad">Texts</a> from Wikisource</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/27px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/41px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikibooks-logo.svg/54px-Wikibooks-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="300" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikibooks.org/wiki/Special:Search/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="b:Special:Search/Islamabad">Textbooks</a> from Wikibooks</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/27px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="22" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/41px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0b/Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg/54px-Wikiversity_logo_2017.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="626" data-file-height="512" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikiversity.org/wiki/Special:Search/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="v:Special:Search/Islamabad">Resources</a> from Wikiversity</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/27px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="27" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/41px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dd/Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg/54px-Wikivoyage-Logo-v3-icon.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="193" data-file-height="193" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://en.wikivoyage.org/wiki/Islamabad" class="extiw" title="voy:Islamabad">Travel information</a> from Wikivoyage</span></li><li><span class="sister-logo"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/27px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="27" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/41px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/54px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></span></span></span><span class="sister-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1362" class="extiw" title="d:Q1362">Data</a> from Wikidata</span></li></ul></div></div> </div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> Media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Islamabad" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Islamabad">Islamabad</a> at Wikimedia Commons</li> <li><span class="official-website"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.islamabad.gov.pk/">Official website</a></span></span></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://mci.gov.pk/">Metropolitan Corporation Islamabad</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210717051828/http://mci.gov.pk/">Archived</a> 17 July 2021 at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/16px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/24px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b0/Openstreetmap_logo.svg/32px-Openstreetmap_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="256" data-file-height="256" /></span></span> Geographic data related to <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.openstreetmap.org/relation/358002">Islamabad</a> at <a href="/wiki/OpenStreetMap" title="OpenStreetMap">OpenStreetMap</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1130092004">.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;justify-content:center;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-bordered{padding:0 2em;background-color:#fdfdfd;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;clear:both;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;justify-content:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-unbordered{padding:0 1.7em;margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{margin:0 1em 0 0.5em;flex:0 0 auto;min-height:24px}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;flex:0 1 auto;padding:0.15em 0;column-gap:1em;align-items:baseline;margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{margin:0;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-item{display:inline-block;margin:0.15em 0.2em;min-height:24px;line-height:24px}@media screen and (max-width:768px){.mw-parser-output .portal-bar{font-size:88%;font-weight:bold;display:flex;flex-flow:column wrap;align-items:baseline}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-header{text-align:center;flex:0;padding-left:0.5em;margin:0 auto}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-related{font-size:100%;align-items:flex-start}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content{display:flex;flex-flow:row wrap;align-items:center;flex:0;column-gap:1em;border-top:1px solid #a2a9b1;margin:0 auto;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portal-bar-content-related{border-top:none;margin:0;list-style:none}}.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .navbox+link+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .navbox+style+.portal-bar-bordered,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+link+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .sister-bar+style+.portal-bar,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .portal-bar+.navbox-styles+.sister-bar{margin-top:-1px}</style><div class="portal-bar noprint metadata noviewer portal-bar-bordered" role="navigation" aria-label="Portals"><span class="portal-bar-header"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Contents/Portals" title="Wikipedia:Contents/Portals">Portal</a>:</span><ul class="portal-bar-content"><li class="portal-bar-item"><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/21px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="21" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/32px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Flag_of_Pakistan.svg/42px-Flag_of_Pakistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Pakistan" title="Portal:Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li></ul></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236075235">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{padding:0.25em 1em;line-height:1.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{line-height:1.5em;border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Islamabad" title="Template:Islamabad"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Islamabad" title="Template talk:Islamabad"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Islamabad" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Islamabad"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Territory_of_Islamabad_topics419" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Administrative_units_of_Pakistan" title="Administrative units of Pakistan">Territory</a> of <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad</a> topics</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Islamabad" title="History of Islamabad">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Punjab" class="mw-redirect" title="History of the Punjab">History of the Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="History of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">History of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Pakistan" title="History of Pakistan">History of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantinos_Apostolou_Doxiadis" title="Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis">Constantinos Apostolou Doxiadis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayub_Khan_(President_of_Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="Ayub Khan (President of Pakistan)">Ayub Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yahya_Khan" title="Yahya Khan">Yahya Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2005_Kashmir_earthquake" title="2005 Kashmir earthquake">2005 Kashmir earthquake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Lal_Masjid" title="Siege of Lal Masjid">Siege of Lal Masjid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Killing_of_Usama_Nadeem_Satti" title="Killing of Usama Nadeem Satti">Killing of Usama Nadeem Satti</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Administration</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Metropolitan_Corporation" title="Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation">Islamabad Metropolitan Corporation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_Development_Authority_(Islamabad)" title="Capital Development Authority (Islamabad)">Capital Development Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayor_of_Islamabad" title="Mayor of Islamabad">Mayor of Islamabad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Judiciary</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_High_Court" title="Islamabad High Court">Islamabad High Court</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_District_Court" title="Islamabad District Court">Islamabad District Court</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sectors_of_Islamabad" title="Sectors of Islamabad">Sectors</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diplomatic_Enclave,_Islamabad" title="Diplomatic Enclave, Islamabad">Diplomatic Enclave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Secretariat" title="Pakistan Secretariat">Pakistan Secretariat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectors_of_Islamabad#A-sectors" title="Sectors of Islamabad">A-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=A-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="A-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">A-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B-17,_Islamabad" title="B-17, Islamabad">B-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=B-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="B-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">B-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">C-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">C-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">C-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=C-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="C-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">C-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-10,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-10, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-11,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-11, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-12,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-12, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-13,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-13, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-14,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-14, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=D-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="D-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">D-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-7,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-7, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-8,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-8, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-9,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-9, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-10,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-10, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-11,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-11, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-12,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-12, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-13,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-13, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-14,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-14, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=E-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="E-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">E-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-5,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-5, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-6,_Islamabad" title="F-6, Islamabad">F-6</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectors_of_Islamabad#F-sectors" title="Sectors of Islamabad">F-7</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-8,_Islamabad" title="F-8, Islamabad">F-8</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/F-9,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="F-9, Islamabad">F-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-10,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-10, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-11,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-11, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-12,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-12, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-13,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-13, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-14,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-14, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=F-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="F-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">F-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-5,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-5, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-5</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-6,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-6, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-7,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-7, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-7</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-8,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-8, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-9,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-9, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-10,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-10, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sectors_of_Islamabad#G-sectors" title="Sectors of Islamabad">G-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-12,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-12, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-13,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-13, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-14,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-14, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=G-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="G-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">G-18</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-8,_Islamabad" title="H-8, Islamabad">H-8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-9,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-9, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-9</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-10,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-10, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-10</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-11,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-11, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-11</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H-12,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="H-12, Islamabad">H-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-13,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-13, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-14,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-14, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=H-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="H-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">H-18</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-8,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-8, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-8</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-9,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-9, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-9</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-10,_Islamabad" title="I-10, Islamabad">I-10</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I-11,_Islamabad" title="I-11, Islamabad">I-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-12,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-12, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-12</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-13,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-13, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-13</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-14,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-14, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-14</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-15,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-15, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-15</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-16,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-16, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-16</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-17,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-17, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-17</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=I-18,_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="I-18, Islamabad (page does not exist)">I-18</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Islamabad" title="Geography of Islamabad">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Koral,_Pakistan" title="Koral, Pakistan">Koral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Town_Humak" title="Model Town Humak">Model Town Humak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pothohar_Plateau" title="Pothohar Plateau">Pothohar Plateau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Margalla_Hills" title="Margalla Hills">Margalla Hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghakhar_Mandi" class="mw-redirect" title="Ghakhar Mandi">Gakhar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Simly_Dam" title="Simly Dam">Simly Dam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golra_Sharif" title="Golra Sharif">Golra Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/North-West_Frontier_Province_(1901%E2%80%932010)" class="mw-redirect" title="North-West Frontier Province (1901–2010)">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (1901–2010)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_birds_of_Islamabad" title="List of birds of Islamabad">Birds</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fauna_of_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Fauna of Islamabad (page does not exist)">Fauna of Islamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Flora_of_Islamabad&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Flora of Islamabad (page does not exist)">Flora of Islamabad</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Islamabad" title="Economy of Islamabad">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Developments_in_Islamabad" title="Developments in Islamabad">Developments in Islamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Area" title="Blue Area">Blue Area</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/State_Bank_of_Pakistan" title="State Bank of Pakistan">State Bank of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Chamber_of_Commerce_%26_Industry" title="Islamabad Chamber of Commerce & Industry">Islamabad Chamber of Commerce & Industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Stock_Exchange" title="Islamabad Stock Exchange">Islamabad Stock Exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Islamabad" title="Transport in Islamabad">Transportation</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benazir_Bhutto_International_Airport" title="Benazir Bhutto International Airport">Benazir Bhutto International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constitution_Avenue_(Islamabad)" title="Constitution Avenue (Islamabad)">Constitution Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faizabad_Interchange" title="Faizabad Interchange">Faizabad Interchange</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golra_Sharif_Junction_railway_station" title="Golra Sharif Junction railway station">Golra Sharif Junction railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Trunk_Road" title="Grand Trunk Road">Grand Trunk Road</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Highway" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad Highway">Islamabad Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_International_Airport" title="Islamabad International Airport">Islamabad International Airport</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_railway_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Islamabad railway station">Islamabad railway station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karakoram_Highway" title="Karakoram Highway">Karakoram Highway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ninth_Avenue_(Islamabad)" title="Ninth Avenue (Islamabad)">Ninth Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seventh_Avenue_(Islamabad)" title="Seventh Avenue (Islamabad)">Seventh Avenue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Highways_of_Islamabad_Capital_Territory" class="mw-redirect" title="Territorial Highways of Islamabad Capital Territory">Territorial Highways of Islamabad Capital Territory</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Islamabad" title="Demographics of Islamabad">Demographics</a><br />and <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Islamabad" title="Culture of Islamabad">culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_people_from_Islamabad" title="List of people from Islamabad">List of people from Islamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aiwan-e-Sadr" title="Aiwan-e-Sadr">Aiwan-e-Sadr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parliament_of_Pakistan" title="Parliament of Pakistan">Parliament of Pakistan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Supreme_Court_of_Pakistan_Building" title="Supreme Court of Pakistan Building">Supreme Court of Pakistan Building</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faisal_Mosque" title="Faisal Mosque">Faisal Mosque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatima_Jinnah_Park" title="Fatima Jinnah Park">Fatima Jinnah Park</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Zoo" title="Islamabad Zoo">Islamabad Zoo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Golra_Sharif" title="Golra Sharif">Golra Sharif</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Daman-e-Koh" title="Daman-e-Koh">Daman-e-Koh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakistan_Museum_of_Natural_History" title="Pakistan Museum of Natural History">Pakistan Museum of Natural History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lok_Virsa_Museum" title="Lok Virsa Museum">Lok Virsa Museum</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Education in Islamabad">Education</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_educational_institutions_in_Islamabad" title="List of educational institutions in Islamabad">Educational institutions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Air_University_Pakistan" title="Air University Pakistan">Air University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Huda_Institute" class="mw-redirect" title="Al-Huda Institute">Al-Huda Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allama_Iqbal_Open_University" title="Allama Iqbal Open University">Allama Iqbal Open University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahria_University" title="Bahria University">Bahria University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Center_for_Advanced_Studies_in_Engineering" class="mw-redirect" title="Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering">Center for Advanced Studies in Engineering</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/COMSATS_Institute_of_Information_Technology" class="mw-redirect" title="COMSATS Institute of Information Technology">COMSATS Institute of Information Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federal_Urdu_University" title="Federal Urdu University">Federal Urdu University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamdard_University" title="Hamdard University">Hamdard University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Islamic_University" title="International Islamic University">International Islamic University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohammad_Ali_Jinnah_University" title="Mohammad Ali Jinnah University">Mohammad Ali Jinnah University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Defence_University,_Pakistan" title="National Defence University, Pakistan">National Defence University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_University,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Foundation University, Islamabad">Foundation University, Islamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Computer_and_Emerging_Sciences" title="National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences">National University of Computer and Emerging Sciences</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Modern_Languages" title="National University of Modern Languages">National University of Modern Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_University_of_Sciences_and_Technology_(Pakistan)" class="mw-redirect" title="National University of Sciences and Technology (Pakistan)">National University of Sciences and Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institute_of_Space_Technology" title="Institute of Space Technology">Institute of Space Technology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iqra_University" title="Iqra University">Iqra University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quaid-i-Azam_University" title="Quaid-i-Azam University">Quaid-i-Azam University</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shifa_College_of_Medicine" class="mw-redirect" title="Shifa College of Medicine">Shifa College of Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SZABIST" class="mw-redirect" title="SZABIST">Shaheed Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto Institute of Science and Technology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Sports</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Leopards" title="Islamabad Leopards">Islamabad Leopards</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_United" title="Islamabad United">Islamabad United</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Football_Association" title="Islamabad Football Association">Islamabad Football Association</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Neighbourhoods_of_Islamabad248" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Neighbourhoods_of_Islamabad" title="Template:Neighbourhoods of Islamabad"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Neighbourhoods_of_Islamabad" title="Template talk:Neighbourhoods of Islamabad"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Neighbourhoods_of_Islamabad" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Neighbourhoods of Islamabad"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Neighbourhoods_of_Islamabad248" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Neighbourhoods of <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Islamabad</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Administrations: <a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Pakistan">Cities</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Golra_Sharif" title="Golra Sharif">Golra Sharif</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Islamabad</a> (<b>capital</b>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nilore,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Nilore, Islamabad">Nilore</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="3" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Islamabad_Zones.svg/80px-Islamabad_Zones.svg.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Islamabad_Zones.svg/120px-Islamabad_Zones.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/be/Islamabad_Zones.svg/160px-Islamabad_Zones.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="517" data-file-height="346" /></span></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Union_councils_of_Pakistan" title="Union councils of Pakistan">Towns & councils</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arazi_Masnali" title="Arazi Masnali">Arazi Masnali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baggonal_Mohra" title="Baggonal Mohra">Baggonal Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baghwala_Mohra" title="Baghwala Mohra">Baghwala Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bann_Na_Mohra" title="Bann Na Mohra">Bann Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banniwala_Mohra" title="Banniwala Mohra">Banniwala Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barli_Na" title="Barli Na">Barli Na</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Canoiwala_Mohra" title="Canoiwala Mohra">Canoiwala Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chak_Mirza" title="Chak Mirza">Chak Mirza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chak_Shahzad" title="Chak Shahzad">Chak Shahzad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Changa,_Pakistan" title="Changa, Pakistan">Changa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chhanni" title="Chhanni">Chhanni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Darial,_Pakistan" title="Darial, Pakistan">Darial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence_Housing_Authority,_Islamabad" title="Defence Housing Authority, Islamabad">Defence Housing Authority</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhakkiwala_Mohra" title="Dhakkiwala Mohra">Dhakkiwala Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhangdev_Saiyidan" title="Dhangdev Saiyidan">Dhangdev Saiyidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dharyala_Sagna" title="Dharyala Sagna">Dharyala Sagna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhok_Allahdad_Khan" title="Dhok Allahdad Khan">Dhok Allahdad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhok_Madad_Khan" title="Dhok Madad Khan">Dhok Madad Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhok_Mochian" title="Dhok Mochian">Dhok Mochian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dhok_Tapialian" title="Dhok Tapialian">Dhok Tapialian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duman,_Islamabad" title="Duman, Islamabad">Duman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dungi,_Islamabad" title="Dungi, Islamabad">Dungi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaurean_Na_Mohra" title="Gaurean Na Mohra">Gaurean Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gekkhar_Suna" title="Gekkhar Suna">Gekkhar Suna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ghabutra" title="Ghabutra">Ghabutra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujaran_Na_Mohra" title="Gujaran Na Mohra">Gujaran Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hajian_Ki_Dhok" title="Hajian Ki Dhok">Hajian Ki Dhok</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhanga_Bangial" title="Jhanga Bangial">Jhanga Bangial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhangi_Hamid" title="Jhangi Hamid">Jhangi Hamid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhangi_Sayedan" title="Jhangi Sayedan">Jhangi Sayedan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karam_Singh,_Pakistan" title="Karam Singh, Pakistan">Karam Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khablain_Na_Mohra" title="Khablain Na Mohra">Khablain Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khojian_Ka_Mohra" title="Khojian Ka Mohra">Khojian Ka Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kilawala_Mohra" title="Kilawala Mohra">Kilawala Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koral,_Pakistan" title="Koral, Pakistan">Koral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kortana" title="Kortana">Kortana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luni_Mawaran" title="Luni Mawaran">Luni Mawaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maira_Sumbal_Jaffar" title="Maira Sumbal Jaffar">Maira Sumbal Jaffar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matua_Banglara" title="Matua Banglara">Matua Banglara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mian_Haji_Sahib" class="mw-redirect" title="Mian Haji Sahib">Mian Haji Sahib</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mochianwala_Mohra" title="Mochianwala Mohra">Mochianwala Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Model_Town_Humak" title="Model Town Humak">Model Town Humak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohra_Ghamiaran" title="Mohra Ghamiaran">Mohra Ghamiaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohra_Nabi_Shah" title="Mohra Nabi Shah">Mohra Nabi Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohra_Nagrial" title="Mohra Nagrial">Mohra Nagrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohra_Ni_Luni" title="Mohra Ni Luni">Mohra Ni Luni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mohra_Saiyidan" title="Mohra Saiyidan">Mohra Saiyidan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Na_Jo_Na_Mohra" title="Na Jo Na Mohra">Na Jo Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawa_Shah" title="Nawa Shah">Nawa Shah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Noorpur_Shahan,_Islamabad" title="Noorpur Shahan, Islamabad">Noorpur Shahan, Islamabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Padhana_Gujar" title="Padhana Gujar">Padhana Gujar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pakka_Di_Saral" title="Pakka Di Saral">Pakka Di Saral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pind_Begwal" title="Pind Begwal">Pind Begwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phadia_An_Na_Mohra" title="Phadia An Na Mohra">Phadia An Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Phulgran" title="Phulgran">Phulgran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porana_Bhagpur" title="Porana Bhagpur">Porana Bhagpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawat,_Islamabad" title="Rawat, Islamabad">Rawat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saidpur,_Islamabad" title="Saidpur, Islamabad">Saidpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shah_Allah_Ditta" title="Shah Allah Ditta">Shah Allah Ditta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shai_Mehr_Ali" title="Shai Mehr Ali">Shai Mehr Ali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sihala" title="Sihala">Sihala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohala_Na_Mohra" title="Sohala Na Mohra">Sohala Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohan_(Islamabad)" title="Sohan (Islamabad)">Sohan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sohawa_Mirza" title="Sohawa Mirza">Sohawa Mirza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talu_Na_Mohra" title="Talu Na Mohra">Talu Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tar_Khanan_Na_Mohra" title="Tar Khanan Na Mohra">Tar Khanan Na Mohra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tarlai_Kalan" class="mw-redirect" title="Tarlai Kalan">Tarlai Kalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tumair" title="Tumair">Tumair</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Umnaka" title="Umnaka">Umnaka</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Localities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alipur_Farash" class="mw-redirect" title="Alipur Farash">Alipur Farash</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bani_Gala,_Islamabad" class="mw-redirect" title="Bani Gala, Islamabad">Bani Gala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Barki_Badhal" class="mw-redirect" title="Barki Badhal">Barki Badhal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chak_Shahzad" title="Chak Shahzad">Chak Shahzad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Defence,_Islamabad-Rawalpindi" class="mw-redirect" title="Defence, Islamabad-Rawalpindi">Defence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/France_Colony,_Islamabad" title="France Colony, Islamabad">France Colony</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadwala_Gujaran" title="Hadwala Gujaran">Hadwala Gujaran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoon_Dhamial" title="Hoon Dhamial">Hoon Dhamial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagiot" title="Jagiot">Jagiot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuri,_ICT" title="Kuri, ICT">Kuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malakpur_Azizal" title="Malakpur Azizal">Malakpur Azizal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mehrabadi" title="Mehrabadi">Mehrabadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maira_Begwal" title="Maira Begwal">Maira Begwal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div>Website: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ictadministration.gov.pk/">Islamabad Capital Territory</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Major_cities_in_Pakistan289" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Pakistani_cities" title="Template:Pakistani cities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Pakistani_cities" title="Template talk:Pakistani cities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Pakistani_cities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Pakistani cities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Major_cities_in_Pakistan289" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="List of cities in Pakistan">Major cities in Pakistan</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Islamabad_Capital_Territory" title="Islamabad Capital Territory">Islamabad Capital Territory</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Islamabad</a>*</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Punjab,_Pakistan" title="Punjab, Pakistan">Punjab</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Attock" title="Attock">Attock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahawalpur" title="Bahawalpur">Bahawalpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burewala" title="Burewala">Burewala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chakwal" title="Chakwal">Chakwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiniot" title="Chiniot">Chiniot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dera_Ghazi_Khan" title="Dera Ghazi Khan">Dera Ghazi Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faisalabad" title="Faisalabad">Faisalabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujar_Khan" title="Gujar Khan">Gujar Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujranwala" title="Gujranwala">Gujranwala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gujrat,_Pakistan" title="Gujrat, Pakistan">Gujrat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhang" title="Jhang">Jhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jhelum" title="Jhelum">Jhelum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kasur" title="Kasur">Kasur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khanewal" title="Khanewal">Khanewal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kharian" title="Kharian">Kharian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lahore" title="Lahore">Lahore</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mandi_Bahauddin" title="Mandi Bahauddin">Mandi Bahauddin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mianwali" title="Mianwali">Mianwali</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multan" title="Multan">Multan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murree" title="Murree">Murree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Okara,_Pakistan" title="Okara, Pakistan">Okara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rahim_Yar_Khan" title="Rahim Yar Khan">Rahim Yar Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawalpindi" title="Rawalpindi">Rawalpindi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sadiqabad,_Punjab" title="Sadiqabad, Punjab">Sadiqabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahiwal" title="Sahiwal">Sahiwal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sargodha" title="Sargodha">Sargodha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheikhupura" title="Sheikhupura">Sheikhupura</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sialkot" title="Sialkot">Sialkot</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taxila" title="Taxila">Taxila</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toba_Tek_Singh" title="Toba Tek Singh">Toba Tek Singh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Talagang" title="Talagang">Talagang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sindh" title="Sindh">Sindh</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Badin" title="Badin">Badin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyderabad,_Sindh" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyderabad, Sindh">Hyderabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacobabad" title="Jacobabad">Jacobabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karachi" title="Karachi">Karachi</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khairpur" title="Khairpur">Khairpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotri" title="Kotri">Kotri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larkana" title="Larkana">Larkana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirpur_Khas" title="Mirpur Khas">Mirpur Khas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nawabshah" title="Nawabshah">Nawabshah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sukkur" title="Sukkur">Sukkur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thatta" title="Thatta">Thatta</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Khyber Pakhtunkhwa</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abbottabad" title="Abbottabad">Abbottabad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bannu" title="Bannu">Bannu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battagram" title="Battagram">Battagram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chitral" title="Chitral">Chitral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charsadda" title="Charsadda">Charsadda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D.I.Khan" class="mw-redirect" title="D.I.Khan">D.I.Khan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haripur,_Pakistan" title="Haripur, Pakistan">Haripur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kohat" title="Kohat">Kohat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mansehra" title="Mansehra">Mansehra</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mardan" title="Mardan">Mardan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nowshera,_Khyber_Pakhtunkhwa" title="Nowshera, Khyber Pakhtunkhwa">Nowshera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peshawar" title="Peshawar">Peshawar</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swat,_Pakistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Swat, Pakistan">Swat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swabi" title="Swabi">Swabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timergara" title="Timergara">Timergara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tank_(city)" title="Tank (city)">Tank</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Balochistan,_Pakistan" title="Balochistan, Pakistan">Balochistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chaman" title="Chaman">Chaman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwadar" title="Gwadar">Gwadar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khuzdar" title="Khuzdar">Khuzdar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quetta" title="Quetta">Quetta</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ziarat" title="Ziarat">Ziarat</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Azad_Kashmir" title="Azad Kashmir">Azad Kashmir</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bagh,_Azad_Kashmir" title="Bagh, Azad Kashmir">Bagh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bhimber" title="Bhimber">Bhimber</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kotli" title="Kotli">Kotli</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mirpur,_Azad_Kashmir" title="Mirpur, Azad Kashmir">Mirpur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzaffarabad" title="Muzaffarabad">Muzaffarabad</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rawalakot" title="Rawalakot">Rawalakot</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gilgit-Baltistan" title="Gilgit-Baltistan">Gilgit-Baltistan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gilgit" title="Gilgit">Gilgit</a>**</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Skardu" title="Skardu">Skardu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="font-size:smaller;"><div><sup>*</sup>Federal capital <sup>**</sup>Provincial/Territorial capitals</div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Capitals_of_Asia352" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:List_of_Asian_capitals_by_region" title="Template:List of Asian capitals by region"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:List_of_Asian_capitals_by_region" title="Template talk:List of Asian capitals by region"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:List_of_Asian_capitals_by_region" title="Special:EditPage/Template:List of Asian capitals by region"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Capitals_of_Asia352" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Capital_city" title="Capital city">Capitals</a> of Asia</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><a href="/wiki/Dependent_territory" title="Dependent territory">Dependent territories</a> and <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_with_limited_recognition" title="List of states with limited recognition">states with limited recognition</a> are in <i>italics</i></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlist" style="width:100%;padding:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;"><div style="padding:0px"><table class="navbox-columns-table" style="border-spacing: 0px; text-align:left;width:100%;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="font-weight:bold;">Central Asia</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">South Asia</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">Southeast Asia</td><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;font-weight:bold;">West Asia</td></tr><tr style="vertical-align:top"><td class="navbox-list" style="padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ashgabat" title="Ashgabat">Ashgabat</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmenistan" title="Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Astana" title="Astana">Astana</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Kazakhstan" title="Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bishkek" title="Bishkek">Bishkek</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Kyrgyzstan" title="Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dushanbe" title="Dushanbe">Dushanbe</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Tajikistan" title="Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tashkent" title="Tashkent">Tashkent</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Uzbekistan" title="Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li></ul> <div style="background:#dcdcfe; text-align:center;"><b>East Asia</b></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Beijing" title="Beijing">Beijing</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/China" title="China">China</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Pyongyang" title="Pyongyang">Pyongyang</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/North_Korea" title="North Korea">North Korea</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Seoul" title="Seoul">Seoul</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/South_Korea" title="South Korea">South Korea</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Taipei" title="Taipei">Taipei</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Taiwan" title="Taiwan">Taiwan</a></i></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Tokyo" title="Tokyo">Tokyo</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Japan" title="Japan">Japan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ulaanbaatar" title="Ulaanbaatar">Ulaanbaatar</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Mongolia" title="Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li></ul> <div style="background:#dcdcfe; text-align:center;"><b>North Asia</b></div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russia</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Camp_Thunder_Cove" title="Camp Thunder Cove">Camp Thunder Cove</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/British_Indian_Ocean_Territory" title="British Indian Ocean Territory">BIOT</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a>) <b>*</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dhaka" title="Dhaka">Dhaka</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Bangladesh" title="Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li> <li><b><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Islamabad</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Pakistan" title="Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kabul" title="Kabul">Kabul</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Afghanistan" title="Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kathmandu" title="Kathmandu">Kathmandu</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Nepal" title="Nepal">Nepal</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Mal%C3%A9" title="Malé">Malé</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Maldives" title="Maldives">Maldives</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/New_Delhi" title="New Delhi">New Delhi</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/India" title="India">India</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Sri_Jayawardenepura_Kotte" title="Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte">Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Sri_Lanka" title="Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Thimphu" title="Thimphu">Thimphu</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Bhutan" title="Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Bandar_Seri_Begawan" title="Bandar Seri Begawan">Bandar Seri Begawan</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Brunei" title="Brunei">Brunei</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Bangkok" title="Bangkok">Bangkok</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Thailand" title="Thailand">Thailand</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Dili" title="Dili">Dili</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/East_Timor" class="mw-redirect" title="East Timor">East Timor</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Flying_Fish_Cove" title="Flying Fish Cove">Flying Fish Cove</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Christmas_Island" title="Christmas Island">Christmas Island</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Hanoi" title="Hanoi">Hanoi</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Vietnam" title="Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jakarta" title="Jakarta">Jakarta</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesia" title="Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kuala_Lumpur" title="Kuala Lumpur">Kuala Lumpur</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Malaysia" title="Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manila" title="Manila">Manila</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Philippines" title="Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Naypyidaw" title="Naypyidaw">Naypyidaw</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Myanmar" title="Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Phnom_Penh" title="Phnom Penh">Phnom Penh</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Cambodia" title="Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Singapore" title="Singapore">Singapore</a></b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Vientiane" title="Vientiane">Vientiane</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Laos" title="Laos">Laos</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/West_Island,_Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="West Island, Cocos (Keeling) Islands">West Island</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Cocos_(Keeling)_Islands" title="Cocos (Keeling) Islands">Cocos (Keeling) Islands</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/Australia" title="Australia">Australia</a>)</li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Abu_Dhabi" title="Abu Dhabi">Abu Dhabi</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/United_Arab_Emirates" title="United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Amman" title="Amman">Amman</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Jordan" title="Jordan">Jordan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Ankara" title="Ankara">Ankara</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Baku" title="Baku">Baku</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Azerbaijan" title="Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Beirut" title="Beirut">Beirut</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Lebanon" title="Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Damascus" title="Damascus">Damascus</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Syria" title="Syria">Syria</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Doha" title="Doha">Doha</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Qatar" title="Qatar">Qatar</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Episkopi_Cantonment" title="Episkopi Cantonment">Episkopi Cantonment</a></b>, <i><a href="/wiki/Akrotiri_and_Dhekelia" title="Akrotiri and Dhekelia">Akrotiri and Dhekelia</a></i> (<a href="/wiki/United_Kingdom" title="United Kingdom">UK</a>)</li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Jerusalem" title="Jerusalem">Jerusalem</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Israel" title="Israel">Israel</a> <b>*</b></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Kuwait_City" title="Kuwait City">Kuwait City</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Kuwait" title="Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li> <li><b><a href="/wiki/Manama" title="Manama">Manama</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Bahrain" title="Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="navbox-list" style="border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;padding:0px;width:20%;"><div> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Muscat" title="Muscat">Muscat</a></b>, <a href="/wiki/Oman" 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