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'344', 126252: '345', 126253: '346', 126254: '347', 126255: '350', 126256: '359', 126257: '360', 126258: '361', 126259: '362', 126260: '363', 126261: '364', 126262: '365', 126263: '366', 126264: '367', 126265: '369', 126266: '370', 126267: '371', 126268: '372', 126269: '373', 126270: '374', 126271: '375', 126272: '376', 126273: '377', 126274: '378', 126275: '379', 126276: '380', 126277: '407', 126278: '408', 126279: '411', 126280: '412', 126281: '413', 126282: '414', 126283: '415', 126284: '421', 126285: '422', 126286: '423', 126287: '424', 126288: '434', 126289: '435', 126290: '436', 126291: '437', 126292: '440', 126293: '445', 126294: '449', 126295: '450', 126296: '451', 126297: '452', 126298: '453', 126299: '454', 126300: '455', 126301: '456', 126302: '457', 126303: '458', 126304: '459', 126305: '460', 126306: '461', 126307: '462', 126308: '463', 126309: '464', 126310: '465', 126311: '466', 126312: '467', 126313: '468', 126314: '469', 126315: '470', 126316: '471', 126317: '472', 126318: '473', 126319: '474', 126320: '475', 126321: '476', 126322: '477', 126323: '478', 126324: '479', 126325: '480', 126326: '481', 126327: '482', 126328: '483', 126329: '486', 126330: '487', 126331: '488', 126332: '489', 126333: '490', 126334: '491', 126335: '492', 126336: '493', 126337: '494', 126338: '495', 126339: '496', 126340: '497', 126341: '498', 126342: '499', 126343: '500', 126344: '501', 126345: '502', 126346: '503', 126347: '504', 126348: '510', 126349: '511', 126350: '512', 126351: '513', 126352: '519', 126353: '520', 126354: '521', 126355: '523', 126356: '524', 126357: '525', 126358: '526', 126359: '527', 126360: '528', 126361: '529', 126362: '533', 126363: '535', 126364: '536', 126365: '537', 126366: '538', 126367: '539', 126368: '540', 126369: '541', 126370: '542', 126371: '543', 126372: '544', 126373: '545', 126374: '547', 126375: '548', 126376: '549', 126377: '582', 126378: '584', 126379: '585', 126380: '586', 126381: '587', 126382: '588', 126383: '589', 126384: '590', 126385: '591', 126386: '592', 126387: '593', 126388: '594', 126389: '607', 126390: '608', 126391: '609', 126392: '610', 126393: '612', 126394: '613', 126395: '614', 126396: '615', 126397: '616', 126398: '617', 126399: '618', 126400: '619', 126401: '620', 126402: '624', 126403: '625', 126404: '626', 126405: '627', 126406: '628', 126407: '629', 126408: '631', 126409: '640', 126410: '641', 126411: '642', 126412: '643', 126413: '644', 126414: '645', 126415: '646', 126416: '647', 126417: '648', 126418: '649', 126419: '650', 126420: '651', 126421: '654', 126422: '655', 126423: '656', 126424: '657', 126425: '660', 126426: '661', 126427: '662', 126428: '663', 126429: '664', 126430: '665', 126431: '666', 126432: '667', 126433: '668', 126434: '669', 126435: '670', 126436: '671', 126437: '672', 126438: '673', 126439: '674', 126440: '675', 126441: '676', 126442: '677', 126443: '678', 126444: '679', 126445: '680', 126446: '681', 126447: '682', 126448: '683', 126449: '684', 126450: '685', 126451: '686', 126452: '688', 126453: '689', 126454: '690', 126455: '703', 126456: '704', 126457: '705', 126458: '706', 126459: '707', 126460: '708', 126461: '709', 126462: '710', 126463: '711', 126464: '712', 126465: '713', 126466: '714', 126467: '715', 126468: '716', 126469: '717', 126470: '718', 126471: '720', 126472: '721', 126473: '722', 126474: '723', 126475: '724', 126476: '725', 126477: '726', 126478: '727', 126479: '728', 126480: '729', 126481: '730', 126482: '731', 126483: '732', 126484: '733', 126485: '734', 126486: '735', 126487: '736', 126488: '737', 126489: '738' } } }], }, }] } }; if(tcData.gdprApplies || tcData.gdprApplies === undefined){ // pbjsConfig.consentManagement.gdpr = { cmpApi: 'iab', timeout: 5000, defaultGdprScope: true, allowAuctionWithoutConsent: false, rules: [ { purpose: 'storage', enforcePurpose: true, enforceVendor: true, vendorExceptions: ["permutive"] } ] } // pbjsConfig.deviceAccess = false; try { pbjsConfig.deviceAccess = 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itemtype="https://www.schema.org/ImageObject"> <link itemprop="url" href="https://dot.cdnslate.com/static/media/sites/slate-com/icon.400x400.09ec623.png"> <meta itemprop="width" content="400"> <meta itemprop="height" content="400"> </div> </div> <div class="article__fullbleed-header" ></div> <header class="article__header"> <div itemprop="image" itemscope itemtype="https://www.schema.org/ImageObject"> <meta itemprop="url" content="https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1200"> <meta itemprop="width" content="1200"> <meta itemprop="height" content="800"> </div> <a class="article__rubric" href="/business/metropolis" > Metropolis</a> <h1 itemprop="headline" class="article__hed article__hed--" >One Big Idea to Prove That Democrats Can Govern</h1> <h2 itemprop="alternativeHeadline" class="article__dek" >They have a chance to show that government can devise effective solutions to everyday problems.</h2> <div class="article__meta"> <div class="article__byline" > By <span itemprop="author" itemscope itemtype="http://schema.org/Person"> <span itemprop="name"><a href="/author/henry-grabar">Henry Grabar</a></span></span> </div> <time itemprop="datePublished" content="2024-11-22T18:54:14+00:00" class="article__dateline" > <span>Nov 22, 2024</span><span>1:54 PM</span> </time> </div> </header> <div class="article__top-image" > <figure data-uri="slate.com/_components/image/instances/cm3t0cap2000fukl0gc5z6mxu@published" class="image image--top" data-editable="imageInfo" style="width: px;"><div class="lazyload-container" style="aspect-ratio: 1560 / 1040;"> <img alt="Gov. Kathy Hochul, in a green suit and white shirt, sits at a table with the state seal and state flag of New York behind her. Her hands are cupping a coffee mug." class="lazyloaded" src="https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0" srcset="https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=320 320w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=480 480w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=600 600w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=840 840w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=960 960w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1280 1280w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1440 1440w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1600 1600w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1920 1920w, https://compote.slate.com/images/548c6b75-c7a4-46c3-bd60-e2eddde7b0e9.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=2200 2200w" sizes="(min-width: 1440px)970px, (min-width: 1024px)709px, (min-width: 768px)620px, calc(100vw - 30px)" width="1560" height="1040" /> </div> <figcaption class="image__meta"> <span class="image__credit">Kyle Mazza/NurPhoto via Reuters Connect</span> </figcaption> </figure> </div> <div class="article__share-sidebar share-sidebar"> <div class="social-share" aria-label="social media links" data-uri="slate.com/_components/social-share/instances/cm3t0cap2000dukl0u9gkla59@published" > <a 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</svg><span aria-hidden="true">Share</span> </a> <a href="https://slate.com/comments/business/2024/11/congestion-pricing-new-york-city-democrats-kathy-hochul-traffic-mta-improvements-environment.html" class="social-share__link social-share__link--comments" > <svg width="25" height="25" class="social-share__icon" role="presentation" > <use href="https://slate.com/static/media/sites/slate-com/share-sprite.ffcb553.svg#comments"></use> </svg>Comment </a> </div> </div> </div> <div class="article__content" itemprop="mainEntityOfPage"> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="69" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0cap2000gukl0mqqg5hx6@published" >One popular way to explain the election’s red wave in America’s cities is to argue that it’s a reaction to poor governance by Democrats. There are <a href="https://slate.com/business/2024/11/trump-shift-blue-cities-latino-minority-vote-news-source-tiktok-mainstream-media.html">holes in this theory</a>, but it’s an attractive framing because it provokes a productive type of soul-searching. After all, Democrats still do control most of the country’s big cities. If they want to win back urban voters, the ball is in their court.</p> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="74" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3jb001j3b70u85tf4ki@published" >New York’s lieutenant governor, Antonio Delgado, <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2024/11/21/opinion/democratic-party-neoliberal.html">wrote as much</a> in the New York Times on Thursday: “The challenge for Democrats now is to prove we can govern. Republicans will control Washington, but we control cities and states across the country. Let’s prove ourselves to be the <em>party of competence</em> by improving people’s lives with homes they can afford, quality health care, clean air and safe drinking water, high-performing schools and reliable transportation” (emphasis mine).</p> <div data-uri="slate.com/_components/connatix/instances/default"> <script> (function(d,s,n){var js,fjs=d.getElementsByTagName(s)[0];js=d.createElement(s);js.className=n;js.src="//player.ex.co/player/8b7b2bed-5b69-4d70-82d5-aa335c8abe6c";fjs.parentNode.insertBefore(js,fjs);}(document,"script","exco-player")); </script> <div id="8b7b2bed-5b69-4d70-82d5-aa335c8abe6c"></div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="53" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3jb001k3b70xx98hui3@published" >Fortunately, one powerful Democratic politician is poised to implement an ambitious, first-of-its-kind policy with the potential to improve the lives of millions in a big city. With proper execution, this initiative could restore the sense that Democrats know what they’re doing and, more broadly, that government can devise effective solutions to everyday problems.</p> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="82" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j8001f3b70l7sgoiu7@published" >It’s Delgado’s colleague Gov. Kathy Hochul, who is at last implementing a congestion toll around Manhattan’s two central business districts early next year. Congestion pricing is designed to raise money for public-transportation improvements and eliminate gridlock, bringing a host of positive externalities such as lower asthma rates, reliable freight delivery, faster emergency response times, and a functional bus network. A number of U.S. cities, including Boston and Los Angeles, have wondered if the tactic could help them manage the costs of gridlock.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--desktopOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--inArticleBanner ad--desktopXl"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-xl" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--tabletPortraitOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-tablet" data-zone-id = "768488" data-placement-id = "12399457" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271364" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="70" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j7001e3b70e00xviun@published" >Now New York can light the way. It’s exactly the kind of bold problem-solving that has seemed in short supply in urban governance over the past four years, during a pandemic recovery marked by a murder surge, the arrival of tens of thousands of migrants, rising homelessness, and out-of-control housing costs. New York City, with its indicted mayor and hapless City Council, has not been anyone’s idea of a model.</p> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="105" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j6001d3b707l41w0z7@published" >Originally approved in 2019 under former Gov. Andrew Cuomo, the congestion toll was delayed by lawsuits, federal approvals, and the coronavirus. After a date was finally selected—June 30, 2024—Hochul intervened to stall the toll with just weeks to go, reportedly in an attempt to avoid a repeat of the 2022 midterms, in which Democrats wiped out in the congressional races in the New York suburbs, handing the GOP control of the House. Mission accomplished, sort of. Democrats took back three of the four seats they lost two years ago, and Hochul has now set a date for the policy to take effect: Jan. 5, 2025.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="94" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j100183b70emq2xpco@published" >This puts the governor in a strange position. She might well have written off congestion pricing as an inevitability, a technocratic solution devised years ago over which she had no control, and watched over its implementation with ambivalence. Instead, by first meddling with, then directing its delivery, at a price point she imposed out of thin air to replace the one chosen after months of deliberations, she has made congestion pricing her own. Just as pro-toll advocates labeled her “Congestion Kathy” when she delayed, anti-pricing opponents are now calling the policy “<a href="https://www.congestionpricingsucks.com/">Hochul’s congestion pricing</a>.”</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--box ad--desktopOnly"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-box" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="23" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j8001g3b70b4q756wj@published" >The good news for Hochul is that road pricing has proved popular in London, Stockholm, and Oslo, with public opinion <a href="https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0967070X23001415?via%3Dihub">improving over time</a>.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--inArticleBanner ad--desktopXl"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-xl" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="120" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j2001a3b70rhxfpfuj@published" >The bad news is that Hochul does not have time on her side: She will likely face a primary challenge in 2026 and, if she prevails, a risky matchup against a Republican who is sure to make congestion pricing a campaign issue. (One Hudson Valley GOP congressman, Mike Lawler, has already <a href="https://www.lawlerforcongress.com/2024/11/16/lawler-for-congress-campaign-unveils-congestionpricingsucks-com/">cut an anti–congestion pricing spot</a>.) Further complicating matters: Hochul’s public remarks about the wisdom of the policy have swung wildly. First, she was <a href="https://www.governor.ny.gov/news/governor-hochul-announces-first-nation-congestion-pricing-will-move-forward-improving-air">all for it</a>; then she was against it on the grounds that a $15 toll would be a burden on “hardworking New Yorkers” (despite the fact that many families currently pay many times that amount to take a train downtown); now she is for it, again.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="35" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3je001l3b70l5bibux7@published" >But no matter. Her political fortunes are currently tied to the policy’s success, and so she has a strong incentive to ensure that congestion pricing lives up to its promise as a flagship blue-state policy.</p> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="94" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j9001i3b70vv82kw2h@published" >First, Hochul has to make the program a success inside the cordon in Manhattan. She is already off to a bad start. By overruling a board of experts and cutting the toll by 60 percent, she has also reduced the promised traffic decline to just 13 percent. That traffic drop will soon be partly filled by a “<a href="https://nyc.streetsblog.org/2024/07/03/truth-over-fiction-on-congestion-pricing-episode-i">rebound effect</a>,” as faster traffic speeds induce more trips. Before you know it, gridlock could once again be holding up fire engines and blocking crosswalks, and the toll will look like nothing more than a cash grab.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--desktopOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--tabletPortraitOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-tablet" data-zone-id = "768488" data-placement-id = "12399457" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271364" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="52" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3ij00163b7034us8as6@published" >Former New York DOT Commissioner Janette Sadik-Khan <a href="https://www.curbed.com/2023/09/janette-sadik-khan-nyc-congestion-pricing-rollout.html">expressed this concern</a> to Curbed last year: “If congestion pricing does in fact remove 20 percent of the traffic and you just wind up with underused car lanes, it’s an invitation for motorists to fill them up again. It will harm the program’s credibility irreparably.”</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--inArticleBanner ad--desktopXl"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-xl" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="115" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3ih00153b70frd09kf3@published" >So the challenge for Hochul is to make sure that big changes accompany the rollout and are seen as part and parcel of the policy. (Nominally, this would be the city’s responsibility, but neither the mayor nor the City Council president <a href="https://nypost.com/2024/02/06/metro/eric-adams-adrienne-adams-distance-themselves-from-mtas-15-congestion-toll/">wants anything to do with it</a>, and Hochul wields a lot of influence in City Hall right now.) Sadik-Khan has suggested establishing special lanes for e-bikes and scooters, building a pedestrian boulevard through Midtown, closing the Financial District to traffic, and constructing 14<sup>th </sup>Street–style busways on all the city’s major crosstown thoroughfares. Big-ticket projects like those could mesh with the city’s own initiatives, like a redesigned Fifth Avenue and “<a href="https://www.nyc.gov/html/dot/html/pr2024/dot-enhances-pedestrian-safety.shtml">daylighting</a>” at thousands of intersections.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="63" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j8001h3b70s13boax3@published" >These changes would make it possible for congestion pricing to keep its promises—cleaner air, faster ambulances and fire trucks, a functioning bus network—even after the sticker shock wears off. Ideally, these initiatives would have gotten underway years ago. But as many cities learned when the pandemic hit, it’s a lot easier to do things quickly when there aren’t quite so many cars around.</p> <aside class="recirc-line" data-via="recirc-line" data-uri="slate.com/_components/recirc-line/instances/cm3t0cap2000hukl0fosfut3l@published" > <h2 class="recirc-line__related-from">Related From Slate</h2> <a href="https://slate.com/news-and-politics/2024/11/trump-democrats-biden-kamala-harris-obama-pelosi-jeffries-schumer.html" class="recirc-line__content"> <div class="recirc-line__img"> <img src="https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=140" width="141" height="94" srcset="https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=320 320w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=480 480w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=600 600w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=840 840w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=960 960w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1280 1280w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1440 1440w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1600 1600w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=1920 1920w, https://compote.slate.com/images/4c3cb28f-2e14-424c-a694-1cf1d9304a5f.jpeg?crop=1560%2C1040%2Cx0%2Cy0&width=2200 2200w" sizes="141px" alt="" loading="lazy" /> </div> <div class="recirc-line__txt"> <h4 class="recirc-line__byline">Alexander Sammon</h4> <h3 class="recirc-line__promoline">I’m Losing It With the Democrats</h3> <b class="slate-link--bold recirc-line__read-more">Read More</b> </div> </a> </aside> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="128" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j100193b701tz0ura2@published" >Second, Hochul has to guarantee that the toll works for New Yorkers outside the zone. That means making sure that the redistributional effect of congestion pricing—tolling a few rich guys who drive into Manhattan to fund subways and buses for the masses—is crystal clear. The transit improvements will be implemented by the MTA, which Hochul controls, and include faster trains, new elevators and escalators, and capital improvements like an extended Second Avenue Subway. Here, too, the MTA should insist that local jurisdictions provide signal priority at stoplights and dedicated emergency lanes for buses, EMS, police, and the fire department. Hochul can also reduce negative spillover, in the form of drivers parking just outside the zone or around outer-borough transit stops, by <a href="https://www.vitalcitynyc.org/articles/smarter-parking-policy-please">introducing parking permits</a> in New York City.</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--inArticleBanner ad--desktopXl"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-xl" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="84" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j2001c3b70rb8tgn1p@published" >And every single good thing the MTA does should be tied to the Robin Hood toll, with Hochul cutting specially made congestion pricing ribbons with all the subtlety of Donald Trump putting his name on those stimulus checks. Democrats have learned the hard way that there is no room for modesty in “deliverism.” (The Biden administration did plenty of governing, of course, but, without an effective communicator in the White House, failed to convince even the groups that <a href="https://www.nytimes.com/2022/12/08/us/politics/biden-union-pensions.html">had directly benefited</a> from its policies.)</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--desktopOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot" data-zone-id = "768486" data-placement-id = "12399452" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271363" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <div class="slate-ad ad--tabletPortraitOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-tablet" data-zone-id = "768488" data-placement-id = "12399457" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271364" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <aside data-uri="slate.com/_components/in-article-recirc/instances/cm3t0cap2000iukl0tuoalpb0@published" class="in-article-recirc" data-via="article-inline_recirc-section-business" > <h1 class="in-article-recirc__header"> Popular in <a href="/" class="in-article-recirc__topic"> Slate </a> </h1> <ol class="in-article-recirc__list"> <li class="in-article-recirc__item"> <a href="https://slate.com/culture/2024/11/cormac-mccarthy-vanity-fair-augusta-britt-vincenzo-barney-interview.html" class="in-article-recirc__link"> He Bungled the Literary Scoop of the Year. Now He’s Ready to Explain Himself. </a> </li> <li class="in-article-recirc__item"> <a href="https://slate.com/life/2024/11/matt-gaetz-wife-withdraws-attorney-general-trump.html" class="in-article-recirc__link"> Wait, Matt Gaetz Is Married? And She’s <em>Who</em>? </a> </li> <li class="in-article-recirc__item"> <a href="https://slate.com/life/2024/11/tunnel-of-fudge-cake-recipe-pillsbury-bundt-frosting.html" class="in-article-recirc__link"> It Was Once America’s Favorite Cake. Why Is It Now Impossible to Bake? </a> </li> <li class="in-article-recirc__item"> <a href="https://slate.com/life/2024/11/food-cooking-recipes-thanksgiving-2024.html" class="in-article-recirc__link"> The 25 Recipes That Changed It All in American Cooking Over the Past 100 Years </a> </li> </ol> </aside> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="60" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3ia00143b70mwuhw53q@published" >Third, Hochul can address bad actors: She can crack down on drivers who use fake and defaced license plates (law and order is good!), a practice that will proliferate as the toll takes effect. These scofflaws steal <a href="https://comptroller.nyc.gov/wp-content/uploads/2024/01/Audit_Glance_DOT-Speed-Cameras.pdf">more than $100 million</a> from the city each year, and that doesn’t even count the foregone state tolls on bridges, tunnels, and highways!</p> <div class="slate-ad ad--mobileOnly ad--inArticleBanner"> <div class="slate-ad__label"> <span class="border"></span> <div class="advertisement">Advertisement</div> <span class="border"></span> </div> <div class="slate-ad__creative" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-ad/instances/cm3t0cap1000cukl02ktbb9fy@published" data-placeholder="settings" data-type="mid-article-spot-mobile" data-zone-id = "768494" data-placement-id = "12399462" data-criteo-id="" data-site-id="271366" data-ll-threshold="400" > </div> </div> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="70" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3j2001b3b70b4yg92x9@published" >Finally, Hochul can preempt a surefire right-wing critique by making a serious effort to reform the MTA’s wasteful practices. Lawler, for example, has already framed congestion pricing as a way to make up for missing revenue from farebeaters. But the MTA’s out-of-control spending has been a problem for years, and by promising reform, Hochul can argue she’s fixing New York City’s transit funding on both sides of the balance sheet.</p> <p class="slate-paragraph slate-graf" data-word-count="82" data-uri="slate.com/_components/slate-paragraph/instances/cm3t0k3iv00173b704kw25vu5@published" >It will be an uphill subway ride. Congestion pricing is unpopular, and framing it as a way to raise money—as a tax, rather than as an infrastructure and quality-of-life improvement—is a losing proposition. <a href="https://www.inquirer.com/transportation/pa-governor-josh-shapiro-i95-infrastructure-president-biden-20230621.html">Josh Shapiro fixing I-95</a> this ain’t. But it will also be an interesting test of Democrats’ ability to defy the poll-driven politics that has led many voters to believe that they stand for nothing at all. Congestion pricing was a good idea; now Kathy Hochul has to prove <span class="slate-paragraph--tombstone">it.</span></p> <section class="newsletter-signup " data-turnstile-sitekey="0x4AAAAAAAapdPWOG3kR2_qF" data-list="The Slatest" data-uri="slate.com/_components/newsletter-signup/instances/cm3t0cap2000jukl0wlib1lo0@published" > <div class="newsletter-signup__intro newsletter-signup__intro--centered" > <img alt="" class="newsletter-signup__img" hidden data-src-light="/media/components/newsletter-signup/the-slatest.png" data-src-dark="/media/components/newsletter-signup/the-slatest-dark.png" width="130" height="58.7" /> <h1 class="newsletter-signup__headline">Get the best of news and politics</h1> Sign up for Slate’s evening newsletter. </div> <form class="newsletter-signup__form" novalidate> <p class="newsletter-signup__success slate-notification--success" hidden> Thanks for signing up! 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n(e){return e.replace(/(%[0-9A-Z]{2})+/g,decodeURIComponent)}return function t(o){function r(){}function i(n,t,i){if("undefined"!=typeof document){"number"==typeof(i=e({path:"/"},r.defaults,i)).expires&&(i.expires=new Date(1*new Date+864e5*i.expires)),i.expires=i.expires?i.expires.toUTCString():"";try{var c=JSON.stringify(t);/^[\{\[]/.test(c)&&(t=c)}catch(e){}t=o.write?o.write(t,n):encodeURIComponent(String(t)).replace(/%(23|24|26|2B|3A|3C|3E|3D|2F|3F|40|5B|5D|5E|60|7B|7D|7C)/g,decodeURIComponent),n=encodeURIComponent(String(n)).replace(/%(23|24|26|2B|5E|60|7C)/g,decodeURIComponent).replace(/[]/g,escape);var f="";for(var u in i)i[u]&&(f+="; "+u,!0!==i[u]&&(f+="="+i[u].split(";")[0]));return document.cookie=n+"="+t+f}}function c(e,t){if("undefined"!=typeof document){for(var r={},i=document.cookie?document.cookie.split("; "):[],c=0;c<i.length;c++){var f=i[c].split("="),u=f.slice(1).join("=");t||'"'!==u.charAt(0)||(u=u.slice(1,-1));try{var a=n(f[0]);if(u=(o.read||o)(u,a)||n(u),t)try{u=JSON.parse(u)}catch(e){}if(r[a]=u,e===a)break}catch(e){}}return e?r[e]:r}}return r.set=i,r.get=function(e){return c(e,!1)},r.getJSON=function(e){return c(e,!0)},r.remove=function(n,t){i(n,"",e(t,{expires:-1}))},r.defaults={},r.withConverter=t,r}(function(){})}); }, {}]; window.modules["40"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var launchOnboarding=function(e){try{return!e.onboarding||document.documentElement.clientWidth<=1024?Promise.resolve():Promise.resolve(piano.getExtendedUserData("onboarding")).then(function(n){var r=n.email,i=piano.getCustomFields(n);if(i.onboarding_enabled)return window._ONBOARDING={user:Object.assign({},i,{email:r}),experience:e},Promise.resolve(fetch("/fixins/onboarding/index.html").then(function(e){return e.text()}).then(function(e){return(new DOMParser).parseFromString(e,"text/html")})).then(function(e){e.head.querySelectorAll("meta,title").forEach(function(e){return e.remove()});var n=document.querySelector("#onboarding-container");n.innerHTML=e.head.innerHTML+e.body.innerHTML,executeScripts(n)})})}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},membership=require(5),piano=require(55),_require=require(29),executeScripts=_require.executeScripts;exports.init=function(){membership.isLoggedIn()&&window.tp.push(["addHandler","setResponseVariable",function(e){return launchOnboarding(e.responseVariables)}])}; }, {"5":5,"29":29,"55":55}]; window.modules["47"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";exports.formatArticleData=function(t){return{content_created:t.pub_date,content_author:t.authors.join(","),content_section:t.section,tags:t.tags,custom_variables:{contentRubric:t.rubric,amplitudePageType:t.page_type}}},exports.allowedOrigins=["https://sandbox.piano.io","https://id.piano.io","https://buy.piano.io","https://sandbox.tinypass.com","https://id.tinypass.com","https://buy.tinypass.com"]; }, {}]; window.modules["48"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var dropdownSelector=".dropdown",buttonSelector=".dropdown__button",contentSelector=".dropdown__content";module.exports=function(e){(e.matches(dropdownSelector)?[e]:e.querySelectorAll(dropdownSelector)).forEach(initialize)};var x=0;function initialize(e){var t=e.querySelector(contentSelector);if(!t.id){t.id="dropdown-"+x++;var n=e.querySelector(buttonSelector);n.setAttribute("aria-controls",t.id),n.setAttribute("aria-expanded",!1);var r={click:function(t){e.contains(t.target)||o()},keyup:function(e){["Escape","Esc"].includes(e.key)&&o()}};e.addEventListener("click",function(){return"true"===n.getAttribute("aria-expanded")?o():function(){for(var e in n.setAttribute("aria-expanded","true"),r)document.body.addEventListener(e,r[e])}()}),e.hidden=!1,n.disabled=!1}function o(){for(var e in n.setAttribute("aria-expanded","false"),r)document.body.removeEventListener(e,r[e])}} }, {}]; window.modules["49"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var dropdown=require(48),darkMode=require(24);function munge(e){return e.trim().toLowerCase()}function constructThemePickers(e){var r=e.querySelectorAll(".theme-picker");function n(e){r.forEach(function(r){r.querySelector(".dropdown__label").innerHTML=e.innerHTML});var n=munge(e.innerText);darkMode.setTheme(n)}r.forEach(function(e){e.querySelectorAll(".theme-picker__option").forEach(function(e){var r=munge(e.innerText);document.documentElement.classList.contains("theme-"+r)&&n(e),e.addEventListener("click",function(e){n(e.currentTarget)})}),dropdown(e)})}module.exports=constructThemePickers; }, {"24":24,"48":48}]; window.modules["51"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var _require=require(24),getActualTheme=_require.getActualTheme,hasLoadedTurnstile=!1;function loadTurnstile(){if(!hasLoadedTurnstile){return new Promise(function(e,r){slateGlobal.injectScript("https://challenges.cloudflare.com/turnstile/v0/api.js?render=explicit",function(r){return function(e,r){r(!0)}(0,e)},function(e){return function(e,r){r(new Error("Error loading script "+e.target.src))}(e,r)})})}}function executeTurnstile(e,r){if(void 0===r&&(r=".turnstile-widget"),!e)throw new Error("You must pass in a Turnstile sitekey. Provided sitekey: "+e);return document.querySelector(r).dataset.theme=getActualTheme(),new Promise(function(t,n){turnstile.render(r,{sitekey:e,retry:"never","refresh-timeout":"never",callback:function(e){t(e)},"error-callback":function(e){n("Turnstile error: "+e+" - https://developers.cloudflare.com/turnstile/troubleshooting/client-side-errors/#error-codes")},"expired-callback":function(e){n("Turnstile token expired: "+e)},"timeout-callback":function(e){n("Turnstile timeout: "+e)}})})}module.exports.loadTurnstile=loadTurnstile,module.exports.executeTurnstile=executeTurnstile; }, {"24":24}]; window.modules["54"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function _catch(t,r){try{var e=t()}catch(t){return r(t)}return e&&e.then?e.then(void 0,r):e}var _require=require(885),get=_require.get;function constructUserEndpoint(t){var r=constructBaseEndpoint();if(t){var e=new URL(r);e.pathname=""+e.pathname+t+"/",r=e.href}return r}function constructOptOutEndpoint(t){if(!t)throw Error("You must provide an email to opt out of communication.");var r=constructBaseEndpoint(),e=new URL(r);return e.pathname=e.pathname+"optout/"+t+"/",r=e.href}function constructBaseEndpoint(){var t=document.documentElement.dataset.myslateurl;return new URL(t+"/proxies/newsletters/").href}module.exports.getSubscriptions=function(t){try{var r=constructUserEndpoint(t);return Promise.resolve(_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(get(r))},function(t){throw Error("Error fetching user newsletter subscriptions from "+r,t)}))}catch(t){return Promise.reject(t)}},module.exports.updateSubscriptions=function(t,r,e,n){void 0===t&&(t={}),void 0===e&&(e=""),void 0===n&&(n=!1);try{if(!r)throw Error("You must provide an email to update subscriptions.");var o,i=Object.assign({},t,{token:e,isTurnstile:n});return Promise.resolve(_catch(function(){o=constructUserEndpoint(r);var t={method:"POST",credentials:"include",body:JSON.stringify(i)};return Promise.resolve(get(o,t))},function(r){throw Error("Error updating user newsletter subscriptions with endpoint "+o+" and data "+JSON.stringify(t),r)}))}catch(t){return Promise.reject(t)}},module.exports.optOutOfSubscriptions=function(t,r){try{var e=constructOptOutEndpoint(t);return Promise.resolve(_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(get(e,{method:"GET",credentials:"include"}))},function(t){throw Error("Something went wrong while opting out.",t)}))}catch(t){return Promise.reject(t)}},module.exports.getAllNewsletters=function(){try{var t=constructBaseEndpoint(),r=new URL(t+"all/").href;return Promise.resolve(_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(get(r))},function(t){throw Error("Unable to fetch newsletters",t)}))}catch(t){return Promise.reject(t)}}; }, {"885":885}]; window.modules["55"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var cookies=require(38),PIANOAPITIMEOUT=3e3;module.exports={getExtendedUserData:function(e){return new Promise(function(t,i){var o=setTimeout(i,PIANOAPITIMEOUT);window.tp||(window.tp=[]);window.tp.push(["init",function(){tp.pianoId.loadExtendedUser({formName:e,extendedUserLoaded:function(e){clearTimeout(o),e?t(e):i(e)}})}])})},getCustomFields:function(e){for(var t={},i=0,o=e.custom_field_values;i<o.length;i++){var n=o[i],r=n.field_name,u=n.value;try{t[r]=JSON.parse(u)}catch(e){t[r]="string"==typeof u&&u?u:null}}return t},getCustomFieldValue:function(e,t){if(e.custom_field_values)for(var i=0;i<e.custom_field_values.length;i++)if(e.custom_field_values[i].field_name===t)return e.custom_field_values[i].value},getPianoJwt:function(){var e=cookies.get("__utp");if(e)try{var t=atob(e.split(".")[1]);return JSON.parse(t)}catch(t){return void console.error("Error parsing __utp cookie: "+e,t)}},getPianoId:function(){var e=module.exports.getPianoJwt();if(e)return e.sub},getUser:function(){return new Promise(function(e,t){var i=setTimeout(t,PIANOAPITIMEOUT);window.tp||(window.tp=[]),window.tp.push(["init",function(){try{clearTimeout(i),e(window.tp.pianoId.getUser())}catch(e){t(e)}}])})},getUserResources:function(){return new Promise(function(e,t){var i=setTimeout(t,PIANOAPITIMEOUT);window.tp||(window.tp=[]),window.tp.push(["init",function(){try{window.tp.api.callApi("/access/list",{},function(t){clearTimeout(i),e(t)})}catch(e){t(e)}}])})}}; }, {"38":38}]; window.modules["56"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var newsletterService=require(54),slateAmplitude=require(17),slatePermutive=require(80);function handleSubscriptionUpdate(e,t,r,i,a){void 0===a&&(a=!1);var s={};return s[t]=1,r&&(s.Marketing=1),newsletterService.updateSubscriptions({subscribed:s},e,i,a)}function trackNewsletterSignup(e,t){try{var r=new amplitude.Identify;r.append("Newsletters",t),amplitude.identify(r)}catch(e){console.error("amplitude.identify failed",e)}try{ats.setAdditionalData({type:"email",id:e})}catch(e){console.error("Failed to add to ats",e)}slateAmplitude.track("Newsletter: Sign Up",{list_name:t}),slatePermutive.track("Newsletter",{newsletters:[t]})}module.exports.handleSubscriptionUpdate=handleSubscriptionUpdate,module.exports.trackNewsletterSignup=trackNewsletterSignup; }, {"17":17,"54":54,"80":80}]; window.modules["58"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function _catch(r,e){try{var n=r()}catch(r){return e(r)}return n&&n.then?n.then(void 0,e):n}function hashBuff2Hex(r){return Array.from(new Uint8Array(r)).map(function(r){return r.toString(16).padStart(2,"0")}).join("")}function hashBuff2Base64(r){for(var e="",n=new Uint8Array(r),t=n.byteLength,o=0;o<t;o++)e+=String.fromCharCode(n[o]);return window.btoa(e)}var hash=function(r,n){void 0===n&&(n="base64");try{var t;if(!r)return console.error("No value passed to hash"),Promise.resolve();var o=_catch(function(){var o=(new TextEncoder).encode(r);return Promise.resolve(window.crypto.subtle.digest("SHA-256",o)).then(function(r){if("hex"===n)t=hashBuff2Hex(r);else{if("base64"!==n)throw new Error("Encoding: "+n+" not supported",e);t=hashBuff2Base64(r)}})},function(r){console.error(r)});return Promise.resolve(o&&o.then?o.then(function(r){return t}):t)}catch(r){return Promise.reject(r)}};module.exports.hash=hash; }, {}]; window.modules["59"] = [function(require,module,exports){var isObject=require(598),now=require(719),toNumber=require(718),FUNC_ERROR_TEXT="Expected a function",nativeMax=Math.max,nativeMin=Math.min;function debounce(n,i,t){var e,r,o,u,a,c,v=0,f=!1,m=!1,d=!0;if("function"!=typeof n)throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);function T(i){var t=e,o=r;return e=r=void 0,v=i,u=n.apply(o,t)}function s(n){var t=n-c;return void 0===c||t>=i||t<0||m&&n-v>=o}function b(){var n=now();if(s(n))return l(n);a=setTimeout(b,function(n){var t=i-(n-c);return m?nativeMin(t,o-(n-v)):t}(n))}function l(n){return a=void 0,d&&e?T(n):(e=r=void 0,u)}function w(){var n=now(),t=s(n);if(e=arguments,r=this,c=n,t){if(void 0===a)return function(n){return v=n,a=setTimeout(b,i),f?T(n):u}(c);if(m)return clearTimeout(a),a=setTimeout(b,i),T(c)}return void 0===a&&(a=setTimeout(b,i)),u}return i=toNumber(i)||0,isObject(t)&&(f=!!t.leading,o=(m="maxWait"in t)?nativeMax(toNumber(t.maxWait)||0,i):o,d="trailing"in t?!!t.trailing:d),w.cancel=function(){void 0!==a&&clearTimeout(a),v=0,e=c=r=a=void 0},w.flush=function(){return void 0===a?u:l(now())},w}module.exports=debounce; }, {"598":598,"718":718,"719":719}]; window.modules["60"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function experienceExecute(e){var n=e.result.events.find(function(e){return"experienceExecute"===e.eventType});if(n){var t=n.eventExecutionContext,i=t.userSegments;if("COMPOSER1X"in i){var r={};i.COMPOSER1X.segments.forEach(function(e){var n=e.split(":"),t=n[0],i=n[2],s=["LTs","LTc","LTreg","CScore"];t=t.toLowerCase(),(s=s.map(function(e){return e.toLowerCase()})).includes(t)&&(r["piano_"+function(e){switch(e){case"cscore":return"ltconvert";default:return e}}(t)]=i)}),t.splitTests.length&&(r.piano_segment_id=[],r.piano_segment_name=[],t.splitTests.forEach(function(e){r.piano_segment_id.push(e.variantId),r.piano_segment_name.push(e.variantName)}));var s=new amplitude.Identify;for(var a in r)s.set(a,r[a]);amplitude.identify(s)}}}module.exports=experienceExecute; }, {}]; window.modules["61"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function dispatchPianoResponseVariables(e){var s=new CustomEvent("pianoResponseVariables",{detail:{responseVariables:e.responseVariables}});window.dispatchEvent(s)}module.exports=dispatchPianoResponseVariables; }, {}]; window.modules["62"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var supportJournalism=require(75);function showOffer(e){e.containerSelector.includes("#meterwall")&&supportJournalism.setParams(),window._slateCriteo.trackLandingPage()}module.exports=showOffer; }, {"75":75}]; window.modules["63"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function _catch(e,r){try{var t=e()}catch(e){return r(e)}return t&&t.then?t.then(void 0,r):t}var afterCheckout=function(e){try{return Promise.resolve(piano.getExtendedUserData("attribution-menu")).then(function(r){function t(){window._slateCriteo.trackTransaction()}var i=Object.assign({offer_ID:e.offerId,price:e.chargeAmount,plan_type:e.rid,term_ID:e.termId},getMorgioniProps()),n=piano.getCustomFieldValue(r,"attribution_menu");if(n){try{var o=JSON.parse(n);o instanceof Array&&(n=o.join())}catch(e){}var s=piano.getCustomFieldValue(r,"attribution_menu_other");s&&(n+=": "+s),i["S+ Purchase Attribution"]=n}slateAmplitude.track("Slate Plus: Purchase",i),isPodcastRid(e.rid)&&sessionStorage.setItem(IS_PURCHASING_KEY,!0);try{window.fbq("track","Purchase",{currency:e.chargeCurrency,value:e.chargeAmount})}catch(e){console.warn("fb purchase event failed",e)}var a=_catch(function(){function e(){window.gtag("event","conversion",r)}var r={send_to:"AW-794295919/I6C8CKDPrIsBEO_83_oC"},t=membership.getUserEmail(),i=function(){if(t)return Promise.resolve(hash(t,"hex")).then(function(e){r.sha256_email_address=e})}();return i&&i.then?i.then(e):e()},function(e){console.warn("google conversion event failed",e)});return a&&a.then?a.then(t):t()})}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},slateAmplitude=require(17),_require=require(71),getMorgioniProps=_require.getMorgioniProps,_require2=require(58),hash=_require2.hash,membership=require(5),piano=require(55),_require3=require(5),IS_PURCHASING_KEY=_require3.IS_PURCHASING_KEY,isPodcastRid=_require3.isPodcastRid;module.exports=afterCheckout; }, {"5":5,"17":17,"55":55,"58":58,"71":71}]; window.modules["64"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var slateAmplitude=require(17);function onCheckoutStateChange(e){switch(e.stateName){case"auth":slateAmplitude.track("Slate Plus: View Checkout");break;case"state2":slateAmplitude.track("Slate Plus: Payment"),window.tfaPush({notify:"subscription",name:"subscription-form-visible",sourceurl:location.href});break;case"bankSecure":slateAmplitude.track("Display 3DS Challenge")}}module.exports=onCheckoutStateChange; }, {"17":17}]; window.modules["65"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var _require=require(56),handleSubscriptionUpdate=_require.handleSubscriptionUpdate,trackNewsletterSignup=_require.trackNewsletterSignup,_require2=require(23),toUrl=_require2.toUrl,_require3=require(73),loadRecaptcha=_require3.loadRecaptcha,executeRecaptcha=_require3.executeRecaptcha;function sendPostMessageToPiano(e,r,t){document.getElementById(e).contentWindow.postMessage({piano:{success:r,managementUrl:t}},"*")}function onSuccess(e,r,t,n){sendPostMessageToPiano(e,!0,toUrl(n,{email:r}).href),trackNewsletterSignup(r,t)}function onError(e,r){sendPostMessageToPiano(e,!1,r)}function newsletterSignup(e){"email-signup"===e.eventName&&e.params&&loadRecaptcha().then(function(){try{var r=JSON.parse(e.params.params).iframeId,t=e.params.email,n=e.params.list,a="true"===e.params.marketing||!1,i=e.params.managementUrl,s=function(){if(t&&t.length>0&&r&&n)return Promise.resolve(executeRecaptcha()).then(function(e){handleSubscriptionUpdate(t,n,a,e).then(function(){return onSuccess(r,t,n,i)}).catch(function(){return onError(r,t)})});console.error("Missing information for newsletter signup.")}();return Promise.resolve(s&&s.then?s.then(function(){}):void 0)}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}}).catch(function(e){throw new Error("Couldn't load recaptcha in Piano newsletter-signup",e)})}module.exports=newsletterSignup; }, {"23":23,"56":56,"73":73}]; window.modules["66"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var Cookies=require(38),slateAmplitude=require(17),MAX_ADBLOCKER_DELAY=3e3;exports.getValue=function(){var e=Date.now();return new Promise(function(o){!function t(){var i=Date.now()-e,r=Cookies.get("__adblocker");void 0!==r||i>MAX_ADBLOCKER_DELAY?(o([r&&"true"===r,i]),void 0===r&&isSample()&&trackTiming(e)):setTimeout(t,500)}()})},Cookies.remove("__adblocker");var setNptTechAdblockerCookie=function(e){Cookies.set("__adblocker",!!e)};function d(e){return Math.floor(Math.random()*(e-1+1)+1)}exports.enable=function(){var e=document.createElement("script");e.src="//www.npttech.com/advertising.js",e.addEventListener("error",function(){setNptTechAdblockerCookie(!0)}),document.head.appendChild(e)};var isSample=function(){return 20===d(20)||"#adblockdebug"===location.hash};function trackTiming(e){!function o(){setTimeout(function(){var t=Cookies.get("__adblocker");void 0!==t?slateAmplitude.log("Ad Blocker Timing Sample",{adBlocker:"true"===t,adBlockerDelay:Date.now()-e}):o()},500)}()} }, {"17":17,"38":38}]; window.modules["67"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function _catch(e,r){try{var t=e()}catch(e){return r(e)}return t&&t.then?t.then(void 0,r):t}var loginSuccessHandler=function(e){try{return Promise.resolve(membership.updateUser()).then(function(){var r=!1;function t(t){return r?t:(slateAmplitude.track("Account: Sign In",i),function(){if("PIANOID"===e.source){return Promise.resolve(membership.isMember()).then(function(e){var r=!1;function t(e){if(r)return e;var t=getRedirectUrl();t&&(location.href=t)}var i=function(){if(e&&isSpotifyPlus())return Promise.resolve(redirectToSpotify()).then(function(){!0})}();return i&&i.then?i.then(t):t(i)})}}())}var i={};track("loginSuccessHandlerData",e);var n=function(){if(e.registration){localStorage.removeItem("show_slugs"),slateAmplitude.track("Account: Create New",i);var t=e.params.email;return Promise.resolve(getExtendedUserData("RegistrationFields")).then(function(i){function n(){var t;"PIANOID"!==e.source||null!=(t=e.params)&&t.email_confirmation_required||(location.href=getRedirectUrl()||"/account"),r=!0}var c=getCustomFieldValue(i,"marketing_opt_in"),u=function(){if(JSON.parse(c)){var e=function(){return Promise.resolve(executeRecaptcha()).then(function(e){return Promise.resolve(updateSubscriptions({subscribed:["Marketing"]},t,e)).then(function(){})})},r=_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(loadRecaptcha()).then(function(){})},function(e){console.error("Error loading recaptcha in login-success.js",e)});return r&&r.then?r.then(e):e()}}();return u&&u.then?u.then(n):n()})}}();return n&&n.then?n.then(t):t(n)})}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},membership=require(5),_require=require(55),getCustomFieldValue=_require.getCustomFieldValue,getExtendedUserData=_require.getExtendedUserData,_require2=require(54),updateSubscriptions=_require2.updateSubscriptions,slateAmplitude=require(17),_require3=require(70),getRedirectUrl=_require3.getRedirectUrl,isSpotifyPlus=_require3.isSpotifyPlus,redirectToSpotify=_require3.redirectToSpotify,_require4=require(73),loadRecaptcha=_require4.loadRecaptcha,executeRecaptcha=_require4.executeRecaptcha,_require5=require(74),track=_require5.track;module.exports=loginSuccessHandler; }, {"5":5,"17":17,"54":54,"55":55,"70":70,"73":73,"74":74}]; window.modules["68"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var profileFrame,sendUserDataToProfileFrame=function(){try{return Promise.resolve(piano.getExtendedUserData("attribution-menu")).then(function(e){profileFrame.source.postMessage({userData:e},profileFrame.origin)})}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},slateAmplitude=require(17),_require=require(71),getMorgioniProps=_require.getMorgioniProps,setMorgioniProps=_require.setMorgioniProps,cookies=require(38),piano=require(55),_require2=require(70),getRedirectUrl=_require2.getRedirectUrl,redirectToSpotify=_require2.redirectToSpotify,_require3=require(72),coordinateHeights=_require3.coordinateHeights;function init(){var e=window.tp;e.experience.init(),e.amplitude=slateAmplitude,e.morgioni={getMorgioniProps:getMorgioniProps,setMorgioniProps:setMorgioniProps},e.injectRunJs=function(e){var i="/piano/scripts/run-js/"+(e=e.replace(/\.js$/,""))+".js";document.querySelector("script[src*='"+i+"']")||slateGlobal.injectScript(i)},e.fireAmplitude=function(i,o){void 0===o&&(o={}),e.morgioni.setMorgioniProps();var r=e.morgioni.getMorgioniProps(),n=Object.assign({},r,o);slateAmplitude.track(i,n)},e.redirectToSpotify=redirectToSpotify,"/sign-in"===location.pathname||0===location.pathname.indexOf("/_pages/ckcwddy7w0000fhnb8lirc5ip")?signInExperience():"/create-account"!==location.pathname&&0!==location.pathname.indexOf("/_pages/ckd7owq8k00hp0mnbelmdx0lm")||createAccountExperience(),e.pianoId.isUserValid()||"/account/podcasts"!==location.pathname||addNoAccessClass(),e.pianoId.init({loggedOut:function(e){[".local.dev.slate.com",".dev.slate.com",".stage.slate.com",".slate.com"].forEach(function(e){["__utp","splus","show_slugs","sp_secure_id","coral_secure_login_token"].forEach(function(i){cookies.remove(i,{domain:e})})})},profileUpdate:function(){sendUserDataToProfileFrame()}})}function addNoAccessClass(){document.body.classList.add("js-podcast-feed--no-access")}function renderScreen(e){window.tp.pianoId.show({displayMode:"inline",screen:e,containerSelector:"#createAccountOrSignIn"})}function signInExperience(){window.tp.pianoId.getUser()?location.href=getRedirectUrl()||"/":renderScreen("login")}function createAccountExperience(){window.tp.pianoId.getUser()?location.href=getRedirectUrl()||"/account":renderScreen("register")}var accountEl=document.querySelector("#account");accountEl&&window.addEventListener("message",function(e){!e.data.profileReady||null===e.origin.match(/\bpiano\.io$/)&&null===e.origin.match(/\btinypass\.com$/)||(profileFrame={source:e.source,origin:e.origin},sendUserDataToProfileFrame())}),coordinateHeights(),module.exports=init; }, {"17":17,"38":38,"55":55,"70":70,"71":71,"72":72}]; window.modules["69"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var _require=require(70),getRedirectUrl=_require.getRedirectUrl,isSpotifyPlus=_require.isSpotifyPlus,redirectToSpotify=_require.redirectToSpotify;function afterCheckoutClose(e){if("checkoutCompleted"===e.state||"voucherRedemptionCompleted"===e.state){if(isSpotifyPlus())return void redirectToSpotify();location.href=getRedirectUrl()||"/account"}}module.exports=afterCheckoutClose; }, {"70":70}]; window.modules["70"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function _catch(e,t){try{var r=e()}catch(e){return t(e)}return r&&r.then?r.then(void 0,t):r}var getSpotifyFeedUrls=function(){try{var e=function(e){if(t)return e;for(var r=[],o=0;o<n.length;o++)if(n[o].desktop_schemes&&n[o].desktop_schemes.length)for(var i=n[o].desktop_schemes,s=0;s<i.length;s++)"Spotify"===i[s]._name&&r.push(i[s]._url);return r},t=!1,r=document.documentElement.dataset.myslateurl||"https://my.slate.com",o=new URL(r);o.pathname="membership/setup_feeds/";var n,i=o.href,s=_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(fetch(i,{method:"GET",credentials:"include",headers:{Accept:"application/json"}}).then(function(e){return e.json()})).then(function(e){n=e})},function(e){throw Error("Error getting user feeds from Supporting Cast: "+e)});return Promise.resolve(s&&s.then?s.then(e):e(s))}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},redirectToSpotify=function(e){void 0===e&&(e="/account/podcasts");try{var t=function(e){if(r)return e;location.href=o},r=!1;if(!window.confirm('You\'re about to be redirected to Spotify. Click "OK" to proceed. Click "Cancel" to sign in as another user.'))return window.tp.pianoId.logout(),location.href="/sign-in",Promise.resolve();var o=e,n=_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(getSpotifyFeedUrls()).then(function(e){if(!e.length)throw new Error("No Spotify feed URLs retrieved from MySlate");o=e[0]})},function(e){console.error(e)});return Promise.resolve(n&&n.then?n.then(t):t(n))}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},_require=require(23),hasParam=_require.hasParam;function isValidOrigin(e){var t=new URL(e).origin;return["spotify.com","slate.com"].some(function(e){return t==="https://"+e||t.endsWith("."+e)})}function getRedirectUrl(){var e=new URL(location.href).searchParams.get("redirect_uri");if(e)return isValidOrigin(e)?e:"/"}function isSpotifyPlus(){return"/spotify-plus"===location.pathname||"/_pages/ckw5hrtr4000pz3m9pdlxohl1.html"===location.pathame||hasParam(location.href,"spotify")}module.exports={getRedirectUrl:getRedirectUrl,isSpotifyPlus:isSpotifyPlus,redirectToSpotify:redirectToSpotify}; }, {"23":23}]; window.modules["71"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var STORAGE_KEY="morgioni",PARAM_NAMES=["utm_medium","utm_campaign","utm_content","utm_source"];function setMorgioniProps(){if(location.search){var o=new URLSearchParams(location.search).get("redirect_uri"),r={};if(o)for(var e=new URLSearchParams(o),t=0,i=Array.from(e);t<i.length;t++){var s=i[t],n=s[0],a=s[1];a&&PARAM_NAMES.includes(n)&&(r[n]=a)}if(Object.keys(r).length>0){var c=Object.assign({},getMorgioniProps(),r);try{localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY,JSON.stringify(c))}catch(o){console.error("failed to store event props",o)}}}}function getMorgioniProps(){try{return JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY))||void 0}catch(o){console.error("failed to access event props",o)}}function removeMorgioniProps(){localStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_KEY)}module.exports={getMorgioniProps:getMorgioniProps,setMorgioniProps:setMorgioniProps,removeMorgioniProps:removeMorgioniProps}; }, {}]; window.modules["72"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";module.exports.coordinateHeights=function(){var e,t,i=[],a=!1;function n(){i=i.sort(function(e,t){return t.height-e.height}),e=i[0],r(i,e.height)}function r(t,i){t.forEach(function(t){var a={offerCard:!0,isTallest:t.uid===e.uid,height:i,uid:t.uid};t.source.postMessage(a,t.origin)})}window.addEventListener("message",function(s){var u,d;s.data.offerCard&&(s.data.isResize&&i.length?r(i,s.data.height):(t=performance.now(),s.data.source=s.source,s.data.origin=s.origin,i.push(s.data),a||e||(a=!0,u=n,d=setInterval(function(){performance.now()-t>o&&(clearInterval(d),u(d))},o))))});var o=1e3}; }, {}]; window.modules["73"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function loadRecaptcha(){return new Promise(function(e,t){slateGlobal.injectScript("https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6LeXl6gZAAAAADIqQtfiQY8WxxgvnbZIbQV2SjHB",function(t){return function(e,t){t(!0)}(0,e)},function(e){return function(e,t){t(new Error("Error loading script "+e.target.src))}(e,t)})})}function executeRecaptcha(){return new Promise(function(e,t){window.grecaptcha.ready(function(){window.grecaptcha.execute("6LeXl6gZAAAAADIqQtfiQY8WxxgvnbZIbQV2SjHB").then(function(t){e(t)}).catch(function(e){return t(e)})})})}module.exports.loadRecaptcha=loadRecaptcha,module.exports.executeRecaptcha=executeRecaptcha; }, {}]; window.modules["74"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function track(e,t,o,n){if(void 0===o&&(o={}),!e||!e.length)throw new Error("eventName is required. Got "+e);if(e.length>255)throw new Error("eventName must be shorter than 255 characters. Got "+e);var r=new URL(document.location.protocol+"//"+document.location.hostname);if(r.pathname="analytics",r.searchParams.set("eventName",encodeURIComponent(e)),t){if("object"!=typeof t)throw new Error("eventData must be an object. Got "+t);r.searchParams.set("eventData",encodeURIComponent(JSON.stringify(t)))}return n||(n=Function.prototype),fetch(r).then(n)}module.exports.track=track; }, {}]; window.modules["75"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var _require=require(23),toUrl=_require.toUrl,_require2=require(17),afterPageview=_require2.afterPageview,hasParams=location.search.includes("support_journalism");if(hasParams){var thisUrl=toUrl(location.href);thisUrl.searchParams.delete("support_journalism"),thisUrl.searchParams.delete("pay"),history.replaceState(null,"",thisUrl.href)}exports.hasParams=function(){return hasParams},exports.setParams=function(){return Promise.resolve(afterPageview).then(function(){history.replaceState(null,"",toUrl(location.href,{pay:Date.now(),support_journalism:"please"}).href)})}; }, {"17":17,"23":23}]; window.modules["77"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";function _catch(e,r){try{var s=e()}catch(e){return r(e)}return s&&s.then?s.then(void 0,r):s}var fetchShowSlugs=function(e){try{var r=toUrl(e);r.pathname="/users/user_podcast_slug/",sessionStorage.getItem(IS_PURCHASING_KEY)&&r.searchParams.set("purchase",!0);var s={method:"GET",credentials:"include",headers:{Accept:"application/json"}};return Promise.resolve(_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(fetch(r.href,s)).then(function(e){return Promise.resolve(e.json()).then(function(e){return e.slugs})})},function(e){return console.debug("Error fetching user show slugs: "+e),[]}))}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},fetchShowSlugsHash=function(e){try{var r=toUrl(e);r.pathname="/subscriptions/podcast/show-slugs-hash/";var s={method:"GET",credentials:"include",headers:{Accept:"application/json"}};return Promise.resolve(_catch(function(){return Promise.resolve(fetch(r,s)).then(function(e){return Promise.resolve(e.json()).then(function(e){return e.hash})})},function(e){console.debug("Error fetching show slugs hash: "+e)}))}catch(e){return Promise.reject(e)}},_require=require(5),IS_PURCHASING_KEY=_require.IS_PURCHASING_KEY,_require2=require(23),toUrl=_require2.toUrl,STORAGE_SLUGS_KEY="show_slugs";function getShowSlugs(){var e={};try{e=JSON.parse(localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_SLUGS_KEY))||{}}catch(e){console.error("Error getting show_slugs in localStorage",e)}return e}function removeShowSlugs(){try{localStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_SLUGS_KEY)}catch(e){console.error("Error accessing localStorage",e)}return null}function setShowSlugs(e,r){if(void 0===e&&(e=[]),void 0===r&&(r=""),Array.isArray(e)&&r)if(e.length){var s={hash:r,slugs:e};try{localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_SLUGS_KEY,JSON.stringify(s))}catch(e){console.error("Error accessing localStorage",e)}}else console.debug("Slugs array is empty. Not setting anything in storage.");else console.error("Slugs must be an array, hash must be a string. Passed args: slugs: "+e+", hash: "+r)}module.exports={fetchShowSlugsHash:fetchShowSlugsHash,fetchShowSlugs:fetchShowSlugs,getShowSlugs:getShowSlugs,removeShowSlugs:removeShowSlugs,setShowSlugs:setShowSlugs}; }, {"5":5,"23":23}]; window.modules["80"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";module.exports.track=function(e,t,r){try{var a,i=Object.assign({},null==(a=window.slatePermutiveData)?void 0:a.page,t);i.article&&i.article.gsChannels&&delete i.article.gsChannels,window.permutive&&window.permutive.track(e,i,r)}catch(e){console.error("failed to log permutive",e)}}; }, {}]; window.modules["81"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var STORAGE_KEY="promoline-testing",_require=require(23),toUrl=_require.toUrl;function getStorageValuePrefix(e){return toUrl(e).pathname}var storedValue=localStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY);if(storedValue){var prefix=getStorageValuePrefix(location.href);storedValue=0===storedValue.indexOf(prefix)?storedValue.slice(prefix.length):"",localStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_KEY)}function storePromoLineVariant(e,r){try{localStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY,getStorageValuePrefix(r)+e)}catch(e){console.warn("failed to store promo line testing candidate",e)}}exports.trackExperimentalPromolines=function(e){var r=e.querySelector("[data-promoline-variant]:not([hidden])"),t=null==r?void 0:r.closest("a[href]");if(t){var o=function(e){storePromoLineVariant(r.innerText,t.href)};t.addEventListener("click",o),t.addEventListener("contextmenu",o),t.addEventListener("touchstart",o,{passive:!0})}},exports.retrieveExperimentalPromoline=function(){return storedValue}; }, {"23":23}]; window.modules["83"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(exports,"__esModule",{value:!0}),exports.getCurrentBatch=getCurrentBatch;var adService=require("ads.legacy"),_require=require(111),displayForPlus=_require.displayForPlus;function getCurrentBatch(e,r){var t=[];return e.forEach(function(e){e.isIntersecting&&(t.push(e.target),r.unobserve(e.target))}),t.map(createAd).filter(displayForPlus)}function createAd(e){return adService.createAd(e)} }, {"111":111,"ads.legacy":"ads.legacy"}]; window.modules["84"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";Object.defineProperty(exports,"__esModule",{value:!0}),exports.isBiddingEnabled=isBiddingEnabled;var _require=require(111),isPlusPage=_require.isPlusPage,biddingEnabled={leaderboard:!0,"leaderboard-tablet":!0,"mid-article-spot-mobile":!0,"mid-article-spot-tablet":!0,"mid-article-spot":!0,"mid-article-spot-xl":!0,"mid-article-box":!0,"mobile-outstream-video":!1,"outstream-video":!1,"outstream-video-xl":!1,"mobile-outstream-video-backfill":!0,"outstream-video-backfill":!0,"outstream-video-xl-backfill":!0,"rr-flex":!0,"rr-article-flex":!0,"mob-adhesion":!0,"hp-mob-mid":!0,"hp-mob-top":!0,"hp-leaderboard-mid":!0,"hp-leaderboard-mid-tablet":!0,"hp-leaderboard-bottom":!0,"hp-leaderboard-bottom-tablet":!0,"hp-native-main":!1,"hp-native-flex":!0,"rr-front-flex":!0,"mobile-front":!0,"rr-podcast":!0,"podcast-headline":!1,"mobile-only-bottom":!0,"leaderboard-mobile":!1,"hp-mob-bottom":!0,"recirc-flex-left":!0,"recirc-flex-right":!0,"recirc-mob":!0};function isBiddingEnabled(e){return!isPlusPage()&&biddingEnabled[e.type]} }, {"111":111}]; window.modules["85"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var _require=require(882),isElementInViewport=_require.isElementInViewport,_require2=require(882),isElementNotHidden=_require2.isElementNotHidden,_throttle=require(91),sticky="ad--sticky-desktop",hide="ad--sticky-hide",time=3e3,leaderboard=document.querySelector(".top-ad"),taboola=document.querySelector(".taboola-recirc"),leaderboardIds=["leaderboard-1","leaderboard-tablet-1"],throttledAvoidTaboola=_throttle(avoidTaboola,200),refresh=!1,isLeaderboardSticky=!1;function avoidTaboola(){isLeaderboardSticky&&isElementNotHidden(taboola)&&(leaderboard.getBoundingClientRect().bottom>taboola.getBoundingClientRect().top&&done(0))}function unstick(e){var t=e.slot.getSlotElementId();leaderboardIds.includes(t)&&isLeaderboardSticky&&setTimeout(function(){leaderboard.classList.add(hide),done(1e3)},time)}function stick(e){var t=e.slot.getSlotElementId(),o=document.querySelector("#"+t);leaderboardIds.includes(t)&&(isElementInViewport(o)||refresh||(refresh=!0,isLeaderboardSticky=!0,leaderboard.classList.add(sticky),window.addEventListener("scroll",throttledAvoidTaboola)))}function done(e){setTimeout(function(){leaderboard.classList.remove(hide),leaderboard.classList.remove(sticky),isLeaderboardSticky=!1,window.removeEventListener("scroll",throttledAvoidTaboola)},e)}module.exports.enableStickyLeaderboard=function(){window.googletag.cmd.push(function(){var e=googletag.pubads();e.addEventListener("slotOnload",function(e){return stick(e)}),e.addEventListener("impressionViewable",function(e){return unstick(e)})})}; }, {"91":91,"882":882}]; window.modules["87"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var STORAGE_KEY="via",DELIMITER="_";function store(e){if(e.length){pageType&&e.unshift(pageType);var t=e.join(DELIMITER);try{sessionStorage.setItem(STORAGE_KEY,t)}catch(e){console.warn("failed to store via",e)}}else sessionStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_KEY)}exports.retrieve=function(){try{var e=sessionStorage.getItem(STORAGE_KEY);return sessionStorage.removeItem(STORAGE_KEY),e}catch(e){console.warn("failed to retrieve via",e)}};var pageType,PREFIXES={article:"article",homepage:"homepage","vertical front":"section","rubric front":"rubric"};function collectVias(e){var t=e.target;if(t.closest("a[href],form[action]")){var a=[];for(t=t.closest("[data-via]");t;)a.push(t.dataset.via),t=t.parentElement.closest("[data-via]");store(a)}}exports.setPageType=function(e){pageType=PREFIXES[e]},document.documentElement.addEventListener("click",collectVias),document.documentElement.addEventListener("submit",collectVias); }, {}]; window.modules["88"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var visitStart=!1;function isVisitStart(){try{return window.sessionStorage.getItem("visitstarted")||(window.sessionStorage.setItem("visitstarted","1"),visitStart=!0),visitStart}catch(t){console.error(t)}}module.exports.isVisitStart=isVisitStart; }, {}]; window.modules["89"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var abStringRe=new RegExp("^([0-9]+)_([0-9]+)$");function parseAbTestString(e){return abStringRe.exec(e)}function isValidAbTestString(e){return!!parseAbTestString(e)}module.exports.parseAbTestString=parseAbTestString,module.exports.isValidAbTestString=isValidAbTestString; }, {}]; window.modules["90"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var TWA_PROTOCOL="android-app:",KEY_IS_TWA="isTrustedWebActivity",ANDROID_QUERY_PARAM="android-app",PACKAGE_NAME="com.wapo.slate.android";function isTrustedWebActivity(){var r=document.referrer&&document.referrer.trim()||"";if(0===r.length)return!1;var e=new URL(r);return e.protocol===TWA_PROTOCOL&&(e.hostname===PACKAGE_NAME||0===e.pathname.indexOf("//"+PACKAGE_NAME))}function hasAndroidSearchParam(){return!!location.search&&"1"===new URLSearchParams(location.search).get(ANDROID_QUERY_PARAM)}function isAndroidSession(){if("Y"===sessionStorage.getItem(KEY_IS_TWA))return!0;var r=isTrustedWebActivity()||hasAndroidSearchParam();return r&&sessionStorage.setItem(KEY_IS_TWA,"Y"),r}module.exports.isAndroidSession=isAndroidSession; }, {}]; window.modules["91"] = [function(require,module,exports){var debounce=require(59),isObject=require(598),FUNC_ERROR_TEXT="Expected a function";function throttle(e,i,t){var n=!0,r=!0;if("function"!=typeof e)throw new TypeError(FUNC_ERROR_TEXT);return isObject(t)&&(n="leading"in t?!!t.leading:n,r="trailing"in t?!!t.trailing:r),debounce(e,i,{leading:n,maxWait:i,trailing:r})}module.exports=throttle; }, {"59":59,"598":598}]; window.modules["92"] = [function(require,module,exports){"use strict";var Cookies=require(38),_require=require(88),isVisitStart=_require.isVisitStart,VISIT_COOKIE_NAME="slatevisits",MONTHLY_VISIT_COOKIE_NAME="slatevisitsmon";function cookieSettings(t){var i={domain:document.documentElement.dataset.trackingdomain,secure:!0,SameSite:"Strict"};return t?Object.assign(t,i):i}function setTotalVisits(t){Cookies.set(VISIT_COOKIE_NAME,t,cookieSettings({expires:1825}))}function setMonthlyVisits(t){Cookies.set(MONTHLY_VISIT_COOKIE_NAME,t,cookieSettings({expires:30}))}function getTotalVisits(){return Cookies.get(VISIT_COOKIE_NAME)}function getMonthlyVisits(){return Cookies.get(MONTHLY_VISIT_COOKIE_NAME)}function incrementVisitCookies(){var t=getTotalVisits();setTotalVisits(t=t?parseInt(t)+1:1);var i=Cookies.get(MONTHLY_VISIT_COOKIE_NAME);setMonthlyVisits(i=i?parseInt(i)+1:1)}function getVisitCounts(){return isVisitStart()&&incrementVisitCookies(),{totalVisits:getTotalVisits()||"1",monthlyVisits:getMonthlyVisits()||"1"}}module.exports.getVisitCounts=getVisitCounts; }, 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URL(document.location).searchParams;u.get("utm_source")&&(window.slatePermutiveData.page.utmSource=u.get("utm_source")),u.get("utm_medium")&&(window.slatePermutiveData.page.utmMedium=u.get("utm_medium")),u.get("utm_campaign")&&(window.slatePermutiveData.page.utmCampaign=u.get("utm_campaign"))}catch(e){console.error(e)}if(e.dataset.isSplusUser)try{i("slatePlus",!0)}catch(e){console.error(e)}var a=[];function o(e,t){t&&(a.push({tag:e,id:t}),i(e,t))}o("slateId",getPianoId()||n("wapo_login_id")),o("publisherUserId",n("slate-uuid")),o("sailthruId",function(e){try{return new URL(document.location).searchParams.get(e)}catch(t){console.error("could not get "+e+" url param",t)}}("sid"));var s=membership.getUserEmail();return 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slateAmplitude=require(17),universalPianoService=require(47),adblockDetection=require(66),membership=require(5),loginSuccessHandler=require(67),afterCheckout=require(63),afterCheckoutClose=require(69),afterPianoInit=require(68),checkoutStateChangeHandler=require(64),showOffer=require(62),experienceExecute=require(60),newsletterSignup=require(65),setResponseVariable=require(61),script=document.createElement("script");function loadPianoExperience(e){slateGlobal.injectScript(e.url+"/api/tinypass.min.js",void 0,function(e){console.warn("piano 💩 🛏",e)})}function initPianoExperience(e){window.tp||(window.tp=[]);var t=window.tp;try{var n=slateAmplitude.getDomEventData();for(var i in 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