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<span>History</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-History-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle History subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pre-human" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pre-human"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Pre-human</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pre-human-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Prehistory" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Prehistory"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Prehistory</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Prehistory-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maya" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maya"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Maya</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maya-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Spanish_conquest" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Spanish_conquest"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>Spanish conquest</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Spanish_conquest-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Climate" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Climate"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Climate</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Climate-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Water_resources" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Water_resources"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Water resources</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Water_resources-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ecology" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ecology"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Ecology</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ecology-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Governance" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Governance"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Governance</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Governance-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Economy" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Economy"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Economy</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Economy-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Population" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Population"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Population</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Population-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Footnotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Footnotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Footnotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Footnotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Yucatán Peninsula</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 90 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-90" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">90 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n-skiereiland" title="Yucatán-skiereiland – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Yucatán-skiereiland" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8B%A9%E1%8A%AB%E1%89%B3%E1%8A%95_%E1%88%8D%E1%88%B3%E1%8A%90_%E1%88%9D%E1%8B%B5%E1%88%AD" title="ዩካታን ልሳነ ምድር – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ዩካታን ልሳነ ምድር" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%82%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%86" title="يوقطان – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="يوقطان" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Península de Yucatán – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Península de Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukatan_yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Yukatan yarımadası – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Yukatan yarımadası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucatan" title="Yucatan – Bavarian" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Yucatan" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="Bavarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ledenez_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Ledenez Yucatán – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Ledenez Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Península de Yucatán – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Península de Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Península de Yucatán – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Península de Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1nsk%C3%BD_poloostrov" title="Yucatánský poloostrov – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Yucatánský poloostrov" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penrhyn_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Penrhyn Yucatán – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Penrhyn Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n-halv%C3%B8en" title="Yucatán-halvøen – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Yucatán-halvøen" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(Halbinsel)" title="Yucatán (Halbinsel) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Yucatán (Halbinsel)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1ni_poolsaar" title="Yucatáni poolsaar – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Yucatáni poolsaar" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B5%CF%81%CF%83%CF%8C%CE%BD%CE%B7%CF%83%CE%BF%CF%82_%CE%93%CE%B9%CE%BF%CF%85%CE%BA%CE%B1%CF%84%CE%AC%CE%BD" title="Χερσόνησος Γιουκατάν – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χερσόνησος Γιουκατάν" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Península de Yucatán – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Península de Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukatano" title="Jukatano – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Jukatano" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_penintsula" title="Yucatán penintsula – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Yucatán penintsula" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="شبه‌جزیره یوکاتان – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شبه‌جزیره یوکاتان" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A9ninsule_du_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Péninsule du Yucatán – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Péninsule du Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BBkatan_(skiereil%C3%A2n)" title="Jûkatan (skiereilân) – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Jûkatan (skiereilân)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_do_Iucat%C3%A1n" title="Península do Iucatán – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Península do Iucatán" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Pan-t%C3%B3" title="Yucatán Pan-tó – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Yucatán Pan-tó" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9C%A0%EC%B9%B4%ED%83%84%EB%B0%98%EB%8F%84" title="유카탄반도 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="유카탄반도" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%85%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%B6_(%D5%A9%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B2%D5%A6%D5%AB)" title="Յուկատան (թերակղզի) – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Յուկատան (թերակղզի)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA" title="युकातान प्रायद्वीप – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="युकातान प्रायद्वीप" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsulo_Yukatan" title="Peninsulo Yukatan – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Peninsulo Yukatan" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenanjung_Yukatan" title="Semenanjung Yukatan – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Semenanjung Yukatan" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula_de_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Peninsula de Yucatán – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Peninsula de Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(Peninsul)" title="Yucatán (Peninsul) – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Yucatán (Peninsul)" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Ossetic" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%BAkatanskagi" title="Júkatanskagi – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Júkatanskagi" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Penisola_dello_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Penisola dello Yucatán – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Penisola dello Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%97%D7%A6%D7%99_%D7%94%D7%90%D7%99_%D7%99%D7%95%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%9F" title="חצי האי יוקטן – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="חצי האי יוקטן" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%99%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9C%E1%83%AB%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="იუკატანის ნახევარკუნძული – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იუკატანის ნახევარკუნძული" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D1%82%D2%AF%D0%B1%D0%B5%D0%B3%D1%96" title="Юкатан түбегі – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Юкатан түбегі" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rasi_ya_Yucatan" title="Rasi ya Yucatan – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Rasi ya Yucatan" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paeninsula_Yucatanensis" title="Paeninsula Yucatanensis – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Paeninsula Yucatanensis" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukatanas_pussala" title="Jukatanas pussala – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Jukatanas pussala" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukatano_pusiasalis" title="Jukatano pusiasalis – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Jukatano pusiasalis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n-f%C3%A9lsziget" title="Yucatán-félsziget – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Yucatán-félsziget" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Јукатан – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Јукатан" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AF%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B5%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%B2%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AA" title="युकातान द्वीपकल्प – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="युकातान द्वीपकल्प" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%A2%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A8_%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98" title="იუკატანიშ ჩქონი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იუკატანიშ ჩქონი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%D9%87%E2%80%8C%D9%85%D9%88%D9%86%D8%A7" title="یوکاتان جزیره‌مونا – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="یوکاتان جزیره‌مونا" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semenanjung_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Semenanjung Yucatán – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Semenanjung Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%8B_%D1%85%D0%BE%D0%B9%D0%B3" title="Юкатаны хойг – Mongolian" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Юкатаны хойг" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%9A%E1%80%B0%E1%80%B8%E1%80%80%E1%80%90%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%80%E1%80%BB%E1%80%BD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%86%E1%80%BD%E1%80%9A%E1%80%BA" title="ယူးကတန်ကျွန်းဆွယ် – Burmese" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ယူးကတန်ကျွန်းဆွယ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burmese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(schiereiland)" title="Yucatán (schiereiland) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Yucatán (schiereiland)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%A6%E3%82%AB%E3%82%BF%E3%83%B3%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="ユカタン半島 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ユカタン半島" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(Hualeweilun)" title="Yucatán (Hualeweilun) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Yucatán (Hualeweilun)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1nhalv%C3%B8ya" title="Yucatánhalvøya – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Yucatánhalvøya" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula_de_Yucatan" title="Peninsula de Yucatan – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Peninsula de Yucatan" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukatan" title="Yukatan – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Yukatan" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(Halvinsel)" title="Yucatán (Halvinsel) – Low German" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Yucatán (Halvinsel)" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Low German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukatan_(p%C3%B3%C5%82wysep)" title="Jukatan (półwysep) – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Jukatan (półwysep)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pen%C3%ADnsula_de_Iucat%C3%A3" title="Península de Iucatã – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Península de Iucatã" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peninsula_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Peninsula Yucatán – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Peninsula Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yukatan_yaqa_wat%27a" title="Yukatan yaqa wat'a – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Yukatan yaqa wat'a" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D2%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Үкатан – Yakut" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Үкатан" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Yakut" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Yucatán Peninsula" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(Hoolichailound)" title="Yucatán (Hoolichailound) – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Yucatán (Hoolichailound)" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Seeltersk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Yucatán Peninsula" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukatan" title="Jukatan – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Jukatan" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%88%D1%83%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Јукатан – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Јукатан" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jukatanin_niemimaa" title="Jukatanin niemimaa – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Jukatanin niemimaa" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1nhalv%C3%B6n" title="Yucatánhalvön – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Yucatánhalvön" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AF%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B1%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="யுகடான் தீபகற்பம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="யுகடான் தீபகற்பம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Юкатан – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Юкатан" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%9A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B8%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B9%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%95%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%99" title="คาบสมุทรยูกาตัน – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="คาบสมุทรยูกาตัน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Yar%C4%B1madas%C4%B1" title="Yucatán Yarımadası – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Yucatán Yarımadası" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%AE%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD_(%D0%BF%D1%96%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B2)" title="Юкатан (півострів) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Юкатан (півострів)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AC%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%B1%DB%81_%D9%86%D9%85%D8%A7_%DB%8C%D9%88%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86" title="جزیرہ نما یوکاتان – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="جزیرہ نما یوکاتان" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A1n_%C4%91%E1%BA%A3o_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Bán đảo Yucatán – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Bán đảo Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rawis_han_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Rawis han Yucatán – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Rawis han Yucatán" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%8D%A1%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="尤卡坦半岛 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="尤卡坦半岛" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%8D%A1%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6" title="尤卡坦半島 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="尤卡坦半島" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/N%C3%AAmadey_Yucat%C3%A1ni" title="Nêmadey Yucatáni – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Nêmadey Yucatáni" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B0%A4%E5%8D%A1%E5%9D%A6%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B" title="尤卡坦半岛 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="尤卡坦半岛" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet 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</div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> <div id="mw-indicator-coordinates" class="mw-indicator"><div class="mw-parser-output"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Geographic_coordinate_system" title="Geographic coordinate system">Coordinates</a>: <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&params=19_33_04_N_89_17_47_W_region:MX_dim:300km_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">19°33′04″N</span> <span class="longitude">89°17′47″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">19.55111°N 89.29639°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">19.55111; -89.29639</span></span></span></a></span></span></div></div> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Peninsula in North America</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129712854">.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-title-embed{background-color:#efefef;font-weight:bold;padding:0.3em 0}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-nick,.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-native>div{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-header{background-color:#efefef}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country{border-top:1px solid black;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands-country2{font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .ib-islands .infobox-below{text-align:left;border-top:#aaa 1px solid}</style><table class="infobox ib-islands vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Yucatán Peninsula</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg/239px-Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg" decoding="async" width="239" height="319" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg/359px-Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg/478px-Yucatan_peninsula_250m.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="4800" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Satellite image of the Yucatán Peninsula</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Yucatan_Peninsula.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Yucatan_Peninsula.png/260px-Yucatan_Peninsula.png" decoding="async" width="260" height="195" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Yucatan_Peninsula.png/390px-Yucatan_Peninsula.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/92/Yucatan_Peninsula.png/520px-Yucatan_Peninsula.png 2x" data-file-width="560" data-file-height="420" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Geography</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Location</th><td class="infobox-data">North America</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Coordinates</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="geo-inline"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1156832818">.mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct,.mw-parser-output .geo-inline-hidden{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}</style><span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&params=19_33_04_N_89_17_47_W_region:MX_dim:300km_type:isle"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location"><span class="latitude">19°33′04″N</span> <span class="longitude">89°17′47″W</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Maps, aerial photos, and other data for this location">19.55111°N 89.29639°W</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">19.55111; -89.29639</span></span></span></a></span></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><span class="nowrap">Adjacent to</span></th><td class="infobox-data"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bay_of_Campeche" title="Bay of Campeche">Bay of Campeche</a> <br /> (West)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> <br /> (East)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Honduras" title="Gulf of Honduras">Gulf of Honduras</a> <br /> (Southeast)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> <br /> (North)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Channel" title="Yucatán Channel">Yucatán Channel</a> <br /> (Northeast)</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The <b>Yucatán Peninsula</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/uː/: 'oo' in 'goose'">uː</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/ɑː/: 'a' in 'father'">ɑː</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>,<span class="wrap"> </span>-<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'t' in 'tie'">t</span><span title="/æ/: 'a' in 'bad'">æ</span><span title="'n' in 'nigh'">n</span></span>/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">YOO</span>-kə-<span style="font-size:90%">TA(H)N</span></i></a>,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Collins_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Collins-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1177148991">.mw-parser-output .IPA-label-small{font-size:85%}.mw-parser-output .references .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .infobox .IPA-label-small,.mw-parser-output .navbox .IPA-label-small{font-size:100%}</style><span class="IPA-label IPA-label-small"><a href="/wiki/British_English" title="British English">UK</a> also </span><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˌ/: secondary stress follows">ˌ</span><span title="/j/: 'y' in 'yes'">j</span><span title="/ʊ/: 'u' in 'push'">ʊ</span><span title="'k' in 'kind'">k</span></span>-/</a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Help:Pronunciation_respelling_key" title="Help:Pronunciation respelling key"><i title="English pronunciation respelling"><span style="font-size:90%">YUU</span>-</i></a>;<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>: <i lang="es">Península de Yucatán</i> <span class="IPA nowrap" lang="es-Latn-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/Spanish" title="Help:IPA/Spanish">[peˈninsula<span class="wrap"> </span>ðe<span class="wrap"> </span>ʝukaˈtan]</a></span>) is a large <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> in southeast <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> and adjacent portions of <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>. The peninsula extends towards the northeast, separating the <a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a> to the north and west of the peninsula from the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a> to the east. The <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Channel" title="Yucatán Channel">Yucatán Channel</a>, between the northeastern corner of the peninsula and <a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a>, connects the two bodies of water. </p><p>The peninsula is approximately 181,000 km<sup>2</sup> (70,000 sq mi) in area. It has low relief and is almost entirely composed of porous <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-McColl_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McColl-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-readersnatural_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-readersnatural-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The peninsula lies east of the <a href="/wiki/Isthmus_of_Tehuantepec" title="Isthmus of Tehuantepec">Isthmus of Tehuantepec</a>, the narrowest point in Mexico separating the Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, from the Pacific Ocean. Some consider the isthmus to be the <a href="/wiki/Geography" title="Geography">geographic</a> boundary between <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a> and the rest of <a href="/wiki/North_America" title="North America">North America</a>, placing the peninsula in Central America.<sup id="cite_ref-McColl_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-McColl-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Politically, all of Mexico, including the Yucatán, is generally considered part of North America, while Guatemala and Belize are considered part of Central America. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Etymology">Etymology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Etymology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The proper derivation of the word <i>Yucatán</i> is widely debated. 17th-century Franciscan historian <a href="/wiki/Diego_L%C3%B3pez_de_Cogolludo" title="Diego López de Cogolludo">Diego López de Cogolludo</a> offers two theories in particular.<sup id="cite_ref-mayr_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayr-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the first one, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Hern%C3%A1ndez_de_C%C3%B3rdoba_(Yucat%C3%A1n_conquistador)" title="Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (Yucatán conquistador)">Francisco Hernández de Córdoba</a>, having first arrived to the peninsula in 1517, inquired the name of a certain settlement and the response in <a href="/wiki/Yucatec_Mayan" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatec Mayan">Yucatec Mayan</a> was "I don't understand", which sounded like <i>yucatán</i> to the Spaniards.<sup id="cite_ref-for_name_info,_see:_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-for_name_info,_see:-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>note 1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-mayr_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayr-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kane_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kane-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many possibilities of what the natives could have actually said, among which "<i>mathan cauyi athán</i>", "<i>tectecán</i>", "<i>ma'anaatik ka t'ann</i>" and "<i>ci u t'ann</i>".<sup id="cite_ref-mayr_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayr-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-kane_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-kane-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gonzalez_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gonzalez-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This origin story was first told by <a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Hernán Cortés">Hernán Cortés</a> in <a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s#Writings:_the_Cartas_de_Relación" title="Hernán Cortés">his letters to Charles V</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cozumel_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cozumel-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later 16th century historians <a href="/wiki/Motolinia" class="mw-redirect" title="Motolinia">Motolinia</a> and <a href="/wiki/Francisco_L%C3%B3pez_de_G%C3%B3mara" title="Francisco López de Gómara">Francisco López de Gómara</a> also repeat this version.<sup id="cite_ref-cozumel_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cozumel-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some versions the expedition is not the one captained by Córdoba but instead the one a year later captained by <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Grijalva" title="Juan de Grijalva">Juan de Grijalva</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-beding_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-beding-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The second major theory is that the name is in some way related to the <a href="/wiki/Yuca" class="mw-redirect" title="Yuca">yuca</a> crop, as written by <a href="/wiki/Bernal_D%C3%ADaz_del_Castillo" title="Bernal Díaz del Castillo">Bernal Díaz del Castillo</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-mayr_8-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-mayr-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-cozumel_15-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cozumel-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others theories claim that it is a derivative of <a href="/wiki/Chontal_Maya" title="Chontal Maya">Chontal Tabascan</a> word <i>yokat'an</i> meaning speaker of the <a href="/wiki/Chontal_Maya_language" title="Chontal Maya language">Yoko ochoco</a> language, or an incorrect <a href="/wiki/Nahuatl" title="Nahuatl">Nahuatl</a> term <i>yokatlan</i> as supposedly "place of richness" (<i>yohcāuh</i> cannot be paired with <i>tlán</i>).<sup id="cite_ref-cozumel_15-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cozumel-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg/250px-Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="200" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg/375px-Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg/500px-Chicxulub_impact_-_artist_impression.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2785" data-file-height="2228" /></a><figcaption>Artistic impression of the asteroid slamming into tropical, shallow seas of the sulfur-rich Yucatán Peninsula in what is today <a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Mexico" title="Geography of Mexico">Southeast Mexico</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-nhm.ac.uk_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhm.ac.uk-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The aftermath of this immense asteroid collision, which occurred approximately 66 million years ago, is believed to have caused the <a href="/wiki/Extinction_event" title="Extinction event">mass extinction</a> of non-avian dinosaurs and many other species on Earth.<sup id="cite_ref-nhm.ac.uk_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhm.ac.uk-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The impact spewed hundreds of billions of tons of sulfur into the atmosphere, producing a worldwide blackout and freezing temperatures that persisted for at least a decade.<sup id="cite_ref-nhm.ac.uk_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhm.ac.uk-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pre-human">Pre-human</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Pre-human"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_extinction_event" title="Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event">Cretaceous–Paleogene extinction event</a></div> <p>The Yucatán Peninsula is the site of the <a href="/wiki/Chicxulub_crater" title="Chicxulub crater">Chicxulub crater</a> impact, which was created 66 million years ago<sup id="cite_ref-nhm.ac.uk_17-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-nhm.ac.uk-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> by an asteroid of about 10 to 15 kilometers (6 to 9 miles) in diameter at the end of the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous" title="Cretaceous">Cretaceous Period</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Prehistory">Prehistory</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Prehistory"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 2020, an underwater archaeological expedition led by Jerónimo Avilés excavated Chan Hol cave, near the Tulum archaeological site in the state of Quintana Roo on the peninsula, and revealed the skeleton of a woman approximately 30 years of age who lived at least 9,900 years ago. According to craniometric measurements, the skull is believed to conform to the <a href="/wiki/Cephalic_index" title="Cephalic index">mesocephalic</a> pattern, like the other three skulls found in <a href="/wiki/Tulum" title="Tulum">Tulum</a> caves. Three different scars on the skull of the woman showed that she was hit with something hard and her skull bones were broken. Her skull also had crater-like deformations and tissue deformities that appeared to be caused by a bacterial relative of <a href="/wiki/Syphilis" title="Syphilis">syphilis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to study lead researcher Wolfgang Stinnesbeck, "It really looks as if this woman had a very hard time and an extremely unhappy end of her life. Obviously, this is speculative, but given the traumas and the pathological deformations on her skull, it appears a likely scenario that she may have been expelled from her group and was killed in the cave, or was left in the cave to die there”.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The newly discovered skeleton was 140 meters away from the Chan Hol 2 site. Although archaeologists assumed the divers had found the remains of the missing Chan Hol 2, the analysis soon proved that these assumptions were erroneous. Stinnesbeck compared the new bones to old photographs of Chan Hol 2 and showed that the two skeletons represent different individuals.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Due to their distinctive features, study co-researcher Samuel Rennie suggest the existence of at least two morphologically diverse groups of people living separately in <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> during the transition from <a href="/wiki/Pleistocene" title="Pleistocene">Pleistocene</a> to <a href="/wiki/Holocene" title="Holocene">Holocene</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maya">Maya</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Maya"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya civilization</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG/220px-ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG/330px-ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/89/ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG/440px-ReliefMapMayanSites.JPG 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a><figcaption>Relief map of the Yucatán Peninsula showing major <a href="/wiki/Maya_Civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya Civilization">Pre-Columbian Maya</a> archeological sites</figcaption></figure> <p>The Yucatán Peninsula constitutes a significant proportion of the ancient Maya lowlands and was the central location of the Maya Civilization. The Maya culture also extended south of the Yucatán Peninsula into <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>, and the highlands of <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-readersnatural_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-readersnatural-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> There are many <a href="/wiki/List_of_Maya_sites" title="List of Maya sites">Maya archaeological sites</a> throughout the peninsula; some of the better-known are <a href="/wiki/Chichen_Itza" title="Chichen Itza">Chichen Itza</a>, <a href="/wiki/Coba" title="Coba">Coba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tulum" title="Tulum">Tulum</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Uxmal" title="Uxmal">Uxmal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples" title="Indigenous peoples">Indigenous</a> <a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Maya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">Mestizos</a> of partial Maya descent make up a sizable portion of the region's population, and <a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Mayan languages</a> are widely spoken there. </p> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Further information: <a href="/wiki/Put%C3%BAn" title="Putún">Putún</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Spanish_conquest">Spanish conquest</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Spanish conquest"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Spanish conquest of Yucatán">Spanish conquest of Yucatán</a></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geology">Geology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Geology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg/220px-Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="183" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg/330px-Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/01/Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg/440px-Sediment_off_the_Yucatan_Peninsula.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="2000" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Sediment" title="Sediment">Sediment</a> off the Yucatán Peninsula</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg/220px-Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="246" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg/330px-Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg/440px-Yucatan_chix_crater.jpg 2x" data-file-width="715" data-file-height="799" /></a><figcaption>Location of the "Ring of Cenotes" on the Yucatán Peninsula</figcaption></figure> <p>The peninsula is the exposed portion of the larger <a href="/wiki/Yucatan_Platform" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatan Platform">Yucatán Platform</a>, all of which is composed of <a href="/wiki/Carbonate_rock" title="Carbonate rock">carbonate</a> and soluble rocks, being mostly <a href="/wiki/Limestone" title="Limestone">limestone</a> although <a href="/wiki/Dolomite_(rock)" title="Dolomite (rock)">dolomite</a> and <a href="/wiki/Evaporite" title="Evaporite">evaporites</a> are also present at various depths. The whole of the Yucatán Peninsula is an unconfined flat lying <a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">karst</a> landscape.<sup id="cite_ref-readersnatural_7-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-readersnatural-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sinkholes, known locally as <a href="/wiki/Cenotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenotes">cenotes</a>, are widespread in the northern lowlands. </p><p>According to the <a href="/wiki/Alvarez_hypothesis" title="Alvarez hypothesis">Alvarez hypothesis</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Mass_extinction" class="mw-redirect" title="Mass extinction">mass extinction</a> of the non-avian dinosaurs at the transition from the Cretaceous to the Paleogene Period, the <a href="/wiki/Cretaceous%E2%80%93Paleogene_boundary" title="Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary">Cretaceous–Paleogene boundary</a> (K–Pg boundary), 66 million years ago was caused by an asteroid impact somewhere in the greater <a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Basin" title="Caribbean Basin">Caribbean Basin</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The deeply buried <a href="/wiki/Chicxulub_crater" title="Chicxulub crater">Chicxulub crater</a> is centered off the north coast of the peninsula near the town of <a href="/wiki/Chicxulub_Pueblo" title="Chicxulub Pueblo">Chicxulub</a>. The now-famous "Ring of Cenotes," a geologic structure composed of <a href="/wiki/Cenote" title="Cenote">sinkholes</a> arranged in a semi-circle, outlines one of the shock-waves from this impact event in the approximately 66-million-year-old rock. The existence of the crater has been supported by evidence including the aforementioned "Ring of Cenotes", as well as the presence of impact debris such as <a href="/wiki/Shocked_quartz" title="Shocked quartz">shocked quartz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tektite" title="Tektite">tektites</a>, a type of glass formed during <a href="/wiki/Meteorite_impact" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteorite impact">meteorite impacts</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Arrowsmith_Bank" title="Arrowsmith Bank">Arrowsmith Bank</a> is a <a href="/wiki/Submerged_bank" class="mw-redirect" title="Submerged bank">submerged bank</a> located off the northeastern end of the peninsula.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Climate">Climate</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Climate"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The peninsula has a tropical climate, which ranges from semi-arid in the northwest to humid in the south. Average annual rainfall ranges from less than 800 mm (30 inches) in the driest parts of the northwest up to 2,000 mm (80 inches) in the <a href="/wiki/Pet%C3%A9n_Basin" title="Petén Basin">Petén Basin</a> to the south. Rainfall varies seasonally, with August and September generally the wettest months.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Like much of the <a href="/wiki/Caribbean" title="Caribbean">Caribbean</a>, the peninsula lies within the Atlantic Hurricane Belt, and with its almost uniformly flat terrain it is vulnerable to these large storms coming from the east, and the area has been devastated by many hurricanes, such as <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Gilbert" title="Hurricane Gilbert">Hurricane Gilbert</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Emily_(2005)" title="Hurricane Emily (2005)">Hurricane Emily</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Wilma" title="Hurricane Wilma">Hurricane Wilma</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hurricane_Dean" title="Hurricane Dean">Hurricane Dean</a>. </p><p>Strong storms called <i>nortes</i> can quickly descend on the Yucatán Peninsula any time of year. Although these storms pummel the area with heavy rains and high winds, they tend to be short-lived, clearing after about an hour. The average percentage of days with rain per month ranges from a monthly low of 7% in April to a high of 25% in October. Breezes can have a cooling effect, <a href="/wiki/Humidity" title="Humidity">humidity</a> is generally high, particularly in the remaining rainforest areas.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Water_resources">Water resources</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Water resources"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Due to the extreme <a href="/wiki/Karst" title="Karst">karst</a> nature of the whole peninsula, the northern half is devoid of aboveground rivers. Where <a href="/wiki/Lake" title="Lake">lakes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Swamp" title="Swamp">swamps</a> are present, the water is marshy and generally unpotable. Due to its coastal location, the whole of the peninsula is underlain by an extensive contiguous density stratified coastal <a href="/wiki/Aquifer" title="Aquifer">aquifer</a>, where a fresh water lens formed from <a href="/wiki/Meteoric_water" title="Meteoric water">meteoric water</a> floats on top of intruding saline water from the coastal margins. The thousands of sinkholes known as <a href="/wiki/Cenotes" class="mw-redirect" title="Cenotes">cenotes</a> throughout the region provide access to the groundwater system. The cenotes have long been relied on by ancient and contemporary <a href="/wiki/Maya_peoples" title="Maya peoples">Maya</a> people.<sup id="cite_ref-readersnatural_7-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-readersnatural-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ecology">Ecology</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Ecology"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The vegetation and plant communities of the peninsula vary from north to south. The <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_dry_forests" title="Yucatán dry forests">Yucatán dry forests</a> occupy the dry northwestern peninsula, and include dry forests and scrublands and cactus scrub. The <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_moist_forests" title="Yucatán moist forests">Yucatán moist forests</a> occur across the middle and east of the peninsula, and are characterized by semi-deciduous forests where 25 to 50% of the trees lose their leaves during the summer dry season. The <a href="/wiki/Belizian_pine_forests" class="mw-redirect" title="Belizian pine forests">Belizian pine forests</a> are found in several enclaves across central Belize. The southernmost portion of the peninsula is in the <a href="/wiki/Pet%C3%A9n%E2%80%93Veracruz_moist_forests" title="Petén–Veracruz moist forests">Petén–Veracruz moist forests</a> ecoregion, an evergreen rain forest.<sup id="cite_ref-olson_29-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olson-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Northern Guatemala (<a href="/wiki/Pet%C3%A9n_(department)" class="mw-redirect" title="Petén (department)">El Petén</a>), Mexico (<a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a> and <a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a>), and western <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> are still occupied by the largest continuous tracts of <a href="/wiki/Tropical_rainforest" title="Tropical rainforest">tropical rainforest</a> in <a href="/wiki/Central_America" title="Central America">Central America</a>. However, these forests are suffering extensive <a href="/wiki/Deforestation" title="Deforestation">deforestation</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Mangroves occur along the coast, with the <a href="/wiki/Usumacinta_mangroves" title="Usumacinta mangroves">Usumacinta mangroves</a> around the <a href="/wiki/Laguna_de_T%C3%A9rminos" title="Laguna de Términos">Laguna de Términos</a> in the southwest, the <a href="/wiki/Petenes_mangroves" title="Petenes mangroves">Petenes mangroves</a> along the west coast, <a href="/wiki/R%C3%ADa_Lagartos_mangroves" title="Ría Lagartos mangroves">Ría Lagartos mangroves</a> along the northern shore of the peninsula, and the <a href="/wiki/Mayan_Corridor_mangroves" title="Mayan Corridor mangroves">Mayan Corridor mangroves</a> and <a href="/wiki/Belizean_Coast_mangroves" title="Belizean Coast mangroves">Belizean Coast mangroves</a> to the east along the Caribbean Sea.<sup id="cite_ref-olson_29-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-olson-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_Barrier_Reef_System" title="Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System">Mesoamerican Barrier Reef System</a> is an immense coral <a href="/wiki/Barrier_reef" class="mw-redirect" title="Barrier reef">barrier reef</a> which stretches over 1,100 km (700 miles) along the eastern coast of the peninsula. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Governance">Governance</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Governance"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Peninsula" title="Peninsula">peninsula</a> comprises the <a href="/wiki/List_of_states_of_Mexico" title="List of states of Mexico">Mexican states</a> of <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Yucatán">Yucatán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a>, as well as <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Pet%C3%A9n_Department" title="Petén Department">Petén Department</a> and almost all of <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Economy">Economy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Economy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg/220px-15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg/330px-15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg/440px-15-07-14-Yucatan-%C3%96lfelder-RalfR-WMA_0481.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2719" data-file-height="1815" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Cantarell_Field" title="Cantarell Field">Cantarell Field</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In the late historic and early modern eras, the Yucatán Peninsula was largely a cattle ranching, logging, <a href="/wiki/Chicle" title="Chicle">chicle</a> and <a href="/wiki/Henequen" class="mw-redirect" title="Henequen">henequen</a> production area. Since the 1970s, the Yucatán Peninsula has reoriented its economy towards tourism, especially in the Mexican state of Quintana Roo. Aside from tourism, another source of income that is important in the Peninsula is logging as well as chicle industries specifically in Belize. Oil was also found in certain parts of the Yucatán, bringing in more economic opportunities.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica.com_32-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica.com-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Once a small fishing village, <a href="/wiki/Canc%C3%BAn" title="Cancún">Cancún</a> in the northeast of the peninsula has grown into a thriving city. The <a href="/wiki/Riviera_Maya" title="Riviera Maya">Riviera Maya</a>, which stretches along the east coast of the peninsula between <a href="/wiki/Canc%C3%BAn" title="Cancún">Cancún</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tulum" title="Tulum">Tulum</a>, houses over 50,000 beds. The best-known locations are the former fishing town of <a href="/wiki/Playa_del_Carmen" title="Playa del Carmen">Playa del Carmen</a>, the ecological parks <a href="/wiki/Xcaret" title="Xcaret">Xcaret</a> and <a href="/wiki/Xel-H%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Xel-Há">Xel-Há</a> and the Maya ruins of <a href="/wiki/Tulum" title="Tulum">Tulum</a> and <a href="/wiki/Coba" title="Coba">Coba</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Population">Population</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Population"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The population of the Yucatán Peninsula is very different throughout each part of the Peninsula. Population density and ethnic composition are two factors that play into the total population. The most populated area is <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida</a> in Yucatán state and the surrounding region, contrasted by the state of Quintana Roo, the least populated part of the peninsula. In terms of ethnic composition, a majority of the population consisted of both Maya and Mestizos.<sup id="cite_ref-britannica.com_32-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-britannica.com-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cenote" title="Cenote">Cenote</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Footnotes">Footnotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Footnotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-for_name_info,_see:-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-for_name_info,_see:_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">For discussion of the different interpretations of this somewhat mythic encounter, see Castañeda 2002</span> </li> </ol></div></div><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWells2000" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_C._Wells" title="John C. Wells">Wells, John C.</a> (2000). "Yucatan". <i>Longman Pronunciation Dictionary</i> (2nd ed.). Longman. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-582-36467-1" title="Special:BookSources/0-582-36467-1"><bdi>0-582-36467-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Yucatan&rft.btitle=Longman+Pronunciation+Dictionary&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Longman&rft.date=2000&rft.isbn=0-582-36467-1&rft.aulast=Wells&rft.aufirst=John+C.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Collins-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Collins_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/yucatan">"Yucatán"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Collins_English_Dictionary" title="Collins English Dictionary">Collins English Dictionary</a></i>. <a href="/wiki/HarperCollins" title="HarperCollins">HarperCollins</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190726172308/https://www.collinsdictionary.com/dictionary/english/yucatan">Archived</a> from the original on 26 July 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Collins+English+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Yucat%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.collinsdictionary.com%2Fdictionary%2Fenglish%2Fyucatan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="Reference-AHD-Yucatán" class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ahdictionary.com/word/search.html?q=Yucat%C3%A1n">"Yucatán"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_American_Heritage_Dictionary_of_the_English_Language" title="The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language">The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language</a></i> (5th ed.). HarperCollins<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+American+Heritage+Dictionary+of+the+English+Language&rft.atitle=Yucat%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ahdictionary.com%2Fword%2Fsearch.html%3Fq%3DYucat%25C3%25A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/Yucat%C3%A1n">"Yucatán"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Merriam-Webster" title="Merriam-Webster">Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary</a></i>. Merriam-Webster<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">26 July</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster.com+Dictionary&rft.atitle=Yucat%C3%A1n&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2FYucat%25C3%25A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.lexico.com/definition/Yucat%C3%A1n">"Yucatán"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Lexico" title="Lexico">Lexico</a> UK English Dictionary</i>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Yucat%C3%A1n&rft.btitle=Lexico+UK+English+Dictionary&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.lexico.com%2Fdefinition%2FYucat%25C3%25A1n&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged September 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-McColl-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-McColl_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-McColl_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcColl2005" class="citation book cs1">McColl, R. W. (2005). <i>Encyclopedia of World Geography</i>. New York: Facts On File. pp. 1002–1003. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0816057869" title="Special:BookSources/0816057869"><bdi>0816057869</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Encyclopedia+of+World+Geography&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=1002-1003&rft.pub=Facts+On+File&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=0816057869&rft.aulast=McColl&rft.aufirst=R.+W.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-readersnatural-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-readersnatural_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-readersnatural_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-readersnatural_7-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-readersnatural_7-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScheffelWernet1980" class="citation book cs1">Scheffel, Richard L.; Wernet, Susan J., eds. (1980). <i>Natural Wonders of the World</i>. United States of America: Reader's Digest Association, Inc. p. 420. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-89577-087-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-89577-087-3"><bdi>0-89577-087-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Natural+Wonders+of+the+World&rft.place=United+States+of+America&rft.pages=420&rft.pub=Reader%27s+Digest+Association%2C+Inc&rft.date=1980&rft.isbn=0-89577-087-3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-mayr-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-mayr_8-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mayr_8-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mayr_8-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-mayr_8-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayr2014" class="citation book cs1">Mayr, Renate Johanna (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=LTmnAwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36"><i>Belize : tracking the path of its history : from the heart of the Maya Empire to a retreat for buccaneers, a safe-haven for ex-pirates and pioneers, a crown colony and a modern nation</i></a>. LIT Verlag Münster. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9783643904812" title="Special:BookSources/9783643904812"><bdi>9783643904812</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Belize+%3A+tracking+the+path+of+its+history+%3A+from+the+heart+of+the+Maya+Empire+to+a+retreat+for+buccaneers%2C+a+safe-haven+for+ex-pirates+and+pioneers%2C+a+crown+colony+and+a+modern+nation&rft.pages=36&rft.pub=LIT+Verlag+M%C3%BCnster&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9783643904812&rft.aulast=Mayr&rft.aufirst=Renate+Johanna&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DLTmnAwAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA36&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastaneda2002" class="citation journal cs1">Castaneda, Quetzil (1 August 2002). "Post/Colonial Toponymy: Writing Forward 'in Reverse'<span class="cs1-kern-right"></span>". <i>Journal of Latin American Cultural Studies Travesia</i>. <b>11</b> (2): 119-134. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1080%2F1356932022000004166">10.1080/1356932022000004166</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:161263168">161263168</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Latin+American+Cultural+Studies+Travesia&rft.atitle=Post%2FColonial+Toponymy%3A+Writing+Forward+%27in+Reverse%27&rft.volume=11&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=119-134&rft.date=2002-08-01&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1080%2F1356932022000004166&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A161263168%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Castaneda&rft.aufirst=Quetzil&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-kane-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-kane_11-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-kane_11-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKane2016" class="citation book cs1">Kane, Njord (2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=0_V6DQAAQBAJ&pg=PT84"><i>The Maya: The Story of a People</i></a>. Spangenhelm Publishing. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781943066049" title="Special:BookSources/9781943066049"><bdi>9781943066049</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">9 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Maya%3A+The+Story+of+a+People&rft.pub=Spangenhelm+Publishing&rft.date=2016&rft.isbn=9781943066049&rft.aulast=Kane&rft.aufirst=Njord&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D0_V6DQAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPT84&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-gonzalez-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-gonzalez_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGonzálezLomas2018" class="citation book cs1">González, John Morán; Lomas, Laura (2018). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=sshJDwAAQBAJ&pg=PA36"><i>The Cambridge History of Latina/o American Literature</i></a>. Cambridge University Press. p. 36. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781316873670" title="Special:BookSources/9781316873670"><bdi>9781316873670</bdi></a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Springer International Publishing, 2015. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-3-319-06529-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-3-319-06529-8">978-3-319-06529-8</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/articles/mexico/Yucatan-Weather-Climate/704">http://www.kwintessential.co.uk/articles/mexico/Yucatan-Weather-Climate/704</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged February 2022">dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/BBC" title="BBC">BBC</a>: <i><a href="/wiki/Planet_Earth_(2006_TV_series)" title="Planet Earth (2006 TV series)">Planet Earth</a></i>, part 4: <a href="/wiki/Cave" title="Cave">Caves</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-olson-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-olson_29-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-olson_29-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOlson,_D._M,_E._Dinerstein2001" class="citation journal cs1">Olson, D. M, E. Dinerstein; et al. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.worldwildlife.org/science/wildfinder/">"Terrestrial Ecoregions of the World: A New Map of Life on Earth"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/BioScience" title="BioScience">BioScience</a></i>. <b>51</b> (11): 933–938. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1641%2F0006-3568%282001%29051%5B0933%3ATEOTWA%5D2.0.CO%3B2">10.1641/0006-3568(2001)051[0933:TEOTWA]2.0.CO;2</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=BioScience&rft.atitle=Terrestrial+Ecoregions+of+the+World%3A+A+New+Map+of+Life+on+Earth&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=11&rft.pages=933-938&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1641%2F0006-3568%282001%29051%5B0933%3ATEOTWA%5D2.0.CO%3B2&rft.au=Olson%2C+D.+M%2C+E.+Dinerstein&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldwildlife.org%2Fscience%2Fwildfinder%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_multiple_names:_authors_list" title="Category:CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHeilprin1891" class="citation journal cs1">Heilprin, Angelo (1891). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/982931">"Observations on the Flora of Northern Yucatan"</a>. <i>Proceedings of the American Philosophical Society</i>. <b>29</b> (136): 137–144. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/982931">982931</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Proceedings+of+the+American+Philosophical+Society&rft.atitle=Observations+on+the+Flora+of+Northern+Yucatan&rft.volume=29&rft.issue=136&rft.pages=137-144&rft.date=1891&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F982931%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Heilprin&rft.aufirst=Angelo&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F982931&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Yucatan-Peninsula">"Yucatán Peninsula"</a>. <i>Encyclopaedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">7 August</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Yucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula&rft.btitle=Encyclopaedia+Britannica&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FYucatan-Peninsula&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-britannica.com-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-britannica.com_32-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-britannica.com_32-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/place/Yucatan-Peninsula">"Yucatán Peninsula | peninsula, Central America"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">10 December</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Yucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula+%7C+peninsula%2C+Central+America&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fplace%2FYucatan-Peninsula&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AYucat%C3%A1n+Peninsula" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <ul><li>Juan Luis Pena Chapa, Manuel Martin Castillo, and Juan Carlos Gonzalez Avila, <i>The Performance of the Economy of the Yucatan Peninsula from 1970–1993</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://www.iiasa.ac.at/Publications/Documents/RR-00-014.pdf">[1]</a></li> <li>Marcio L. Teixeira,<i>The Impact of the Geologic History of the Yucatán Peninsula on the Present Day Aquifer</i>,2004 <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="http://marciot.freeshell.org/essays/documents/MeridaUrbanPlanning.pdf">[2]</a></li> <li>Angelo Heilprin,<i>Observations on the Flora of Northern Yucatan</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/10.2307/982931">[3]</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" 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aria-labelledby="Places_adjacent_to_Yucatán_Peninsula" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Adjacent_communities" title="Template talk:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent_communities" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Adjacent communities"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Places_adjacent_to_Yucatán_Peninsula" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Places adjacent to Yucatán Peninsula</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><table role="presentation" style="width:100%; margin:0; text-align:center;"><tbody><tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/23px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/35px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Texas.svg/45px-Flag_of_Texas.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Texas" title="Texas">Texas</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tamaulipas" title="Tamaulipas">Tamaulipas</a> <br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></i></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Flag_of_Mississippi.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mississippi.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="720" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mississippi" title="Mississippi">Mississippi</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/23px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/35px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5c/Flag_of_Alabama.svg/45px-Flag_of_Alabama.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="400" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Alabama" title="Alabama">Alabama</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/23px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/35px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e0/Flag_of_Louisiana.svg/46px-Flag_of_Louisiana.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="7040" data-file-height="4556" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Louisiana" title="Louisiana">Louisiana</a> <br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></i></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/23px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/35px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f7/Flag_of_Florida.svg/45px-Flag_of_Florida.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="200" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Florida" title="Florida">Florida</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/23px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/35px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bd/Flag_of_Cuba.svg/46px-Flag_of_Cuba.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Cuba" title="Cuba">Cuba</a> <br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></i></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="North"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/14px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/21px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Pfeil_oben.svg/28px-Pfeil_oben.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td style="width:33%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Veracruz" title="Veracruz">Veracruz</a> <br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Gulf_of_Mexico" title="Gulf of Mexico">Gulf of Mexico</a></i></td> <td style="width:33%;"> <div style="white-space:nowrap;"><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="West"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/17px-Pfeil_links.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/25px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/85/Pfeil_links.svg/34px-Pfeil_links.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span><b style="display:inline-block; vertical-align:middle; margin:0.75em 1em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> Yucatán Peninsula</b><span class="mw-valign-middle" typeof="mw:File"><span title="East"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/17px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png" decoding="async" width="17" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/25px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Pfeil_rechts.svg/34px-Pfeil_rechts.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></div> </td> <td style="width:33%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/23px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/35px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0a/Flag_of_Jamaica.svg/46px-Flag_of_Jamaica.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a> <br /> <i><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a></i></td> </tr><tr> <td></td> <td><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="South"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/14px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png" decoding="async" width="14" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/21px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Pfeil_unten.svg/28px-Pfeil_unten.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></td> <td></td> </tr><tr> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Tabasco" title="Tabasco">Tabasco</a> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico"><img alt="Mexico" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a></td> <td><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a> • <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></td> <td><i><a href="/wiki/Caribbean_Sea" title="Caribbean Sea">Caribbean Sea</a></i> <br /> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></td> </tr></tbody></table></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" 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navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/244988556">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1243915/">FAST</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4067232-3">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Yucatán (poloostrov)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge476192&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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