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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Chiapas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Chiapas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Belize" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Belize"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Belize</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Belize-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tabasco" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tabasco"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Tabasco</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tabasco-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Guatemala" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Guatemala"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Guatemala</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Guatemala-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Guatemala subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Guatemala-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-History" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#History"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>History</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-History-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Genocide" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Genocide"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Genocide</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Genocide-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maya_heritage" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maya_heritage"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Maya heritage</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maya_heritage-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Maya_cultural_heritage_tourism" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Maya_cultural_heritage_tourism"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Maya cultural heritage tourism</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Maya_cultural_heritage_tourism-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notable_Maya_people" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_Maya_people"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Notable Maya people</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_Maya_people-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Quotes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Quotes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Quotes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Quotes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Films_and_television" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Films_and_television"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Films and television</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Films_and_television-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliography" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliography"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bibliography</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliography-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">13</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">14</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Maya peoples</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 65 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-65" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">65 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majas" title="Majas – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Majas" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="شعب المايا – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="شعب المايا" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayya_xalqlar%C4%B1" title="Mayya xalqları – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mayya xalqları" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ماییا – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="ماییا" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_l%C3%A2ng" title="Maya lâng – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Maya lâng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Мая – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Мая" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Маи – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Маи" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayaed" title="Mayaed – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Mayaed" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maia" title="Maia – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Maia" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayov%C3%A9" title="Mayové – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Mayové" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya" title="Maya – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Maya" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nv mw-list-item"><a href="https://nv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1%C3%A1ya_dine%CA%BC%C3%A9" title="Mááya dineʼé – Navajo" lang="nv" hreflang="nv" data-title="Mááya dineʼé" data-language-autonym="Diné bizaad" data-language-local-name="Navajo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Diné bizaad</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://dsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya" title="Maya – Lower Sorbian" lang="dsb" hreflang="dsb" data-title="Maya" data-language-autonym="Dolnoserbski" data-language-local-name="Lower Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dolnoserbski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maiad" title="Maiad – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Maiad" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B1" title="Μάγια – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μάγια" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pueblo_maya" title="Pueblo maya – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Pueblo maya" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maia_herria" title="Maia herria – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Maia herria" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%AF%D9%85_%D9%85%D8%A7%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="مردم مایا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مردم مایا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayaf%C3%B3lki%C3%B0" title="Mayafólkið – Faroese" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Mayafólkið" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="Faroese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayas" title="Mayas – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Mayas" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya%27s" title="Maya's – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Maya's" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1ighigh" title="Máighigh – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Máighigh" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pobos_maias" title="Pobos maias – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Pobos maias" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EC%95%BC%EC%9D%B8" title="마야인 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마야인" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%A1" title="Մայա – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մայա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orang_Maya" title="Orang Maya – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Orang Maya" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majar" title="Majar – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Majar" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Suku_Maya" title="Suku Maya – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Suku Maya" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8F" title="Майя – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Майя" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wamaya" title="Wamaya – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Wamaya" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8F" title="Майя – Kyrgyz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Майя" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kyrgyz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%84%E0%BA%BB%E0%BA%99%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%B2%E0%BA%A2%E0%BA%B2" title="ຄົນມາຢາ – Lao" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຄົນມາຢາ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="Lao" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayae" title="Mayae – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Mayae" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maiji" title="Maiji – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Maiji" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majai_(tauta)" title="Majai (tauta) – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Majai (tauta)" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B8" title="Маи – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Маи" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maia_(vahoaka)" title="Maia (vahoaka) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Maia (vahoaka)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%98%E1%83%90_(%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%97%E1%83%90)" title="მაია (კათა) – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მაია (კათა)" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%B9%D8%A8_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="شعب المايا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="شعب المايا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya%27s_(volk)" title="Maya's (volk) – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maya's (volk)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maja_(volker)" title="Maja (volker) – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Maja (volker)" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%A4%E4%BA%BA" title="マヤ人 – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マヤ人" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayya_(xalq)" title="Mayya (xalq) – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Mayya (xalq)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Majowie" title="Majowie – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Majowie" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Povos_maias" title="Povos maias – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Povos maias" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya%C8%99i" title="Mayași – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Mayași" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya" title="Maya – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Maya" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%8F_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Майя (народ) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Майя (народ)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szy mw-list-item"><a href="https://szy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_a_tademaw" title="Maya a tademaw – Sakizaya" lang="szy" hreflang="szy" data-title="Maya a tademaw" data-language-autonym="Sakizaya" data-language-local-name="Sakizaya" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sakizaya</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maj%C3%ABt_(popull)" title="Majët (popull) – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Majët (popull)" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya_people" title="Maya people – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Maya people" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayovia" title="Mayovia – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mayovia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maje" title="Maje – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Maje" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B5" title="Маје – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Маје" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indijanci_Maja" title="Indijanci Maja – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Indijanci Maja" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayakansat" title="Mayakansat – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Mayakansat" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayafolket" title="Mayafolket – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Mayafolket" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BE_%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D" title="மாயா மக்கள் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மாயா மக்கள்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mayalar" title="Mayalar – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mayalar" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%8F_(%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B4)" title="Мая (народ) – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Мая (народ)" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ng%C6%B0%E1%BB%9Di_Maya" title="Người Maya – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Người Maya" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E9%9B%85%E4%BA%BA" title="玛雅人 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="玛雅人" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%91%AA%E9%9B%85%E4%BA%BA" title="瑪雅人 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="瑪雅人" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maya" title="Maya – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Maya" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E9%9B%85%E4%BA%BA" title="玛雅人 – 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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">People of southern Mexico and northern Central America</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the ethnic group. For the historical civilization, see <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya civilization</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mayans" redirects here. For the television series, see <a href="/wiki/Mayans_M.C." title="Mayans M.C."><i>Mayans M.C.</i></a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Mayas" redirects here. For the Indonesian ethnic group also known as "May-as", see <a href="/wiki/Sibuyanon" title="Sibuyanon">Sibuyanon</a>.</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Ethnic group</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org">Maya</caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg/220px-Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg/330px-Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg/440px-Flag_of_the_Mayan_People.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Flag of the Mayan people</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg/220px-CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg/330px-CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/41/CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg/440px-CDC_Central_America_Regional_Office_in_Guatemala_-_2020_Quetzaltenango_Tres_Mujeres.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Maya women in traditional dress, <a href="/wiki/Quetzaltenango" title="Quetzaltenango">Quetzaltenango</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Total population</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><abbr title="circa">c.</abbr> More than 8 million (2018)<br /><sup id="cite_ref-total_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-total-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Regions with significant populations</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Parts of modern-day countries of <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>, <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>, and <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></th><td class="infobox-data">7,140,503 (2018)<sup id="cite_ref-census2018_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2018-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/23px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/35px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/46px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a></th><td class="infobox-data">1,475,575 (2000)<sup id="cite_ref-http_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-http-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a></th><td class="infobox-data">500,000 (2011)<sup id="cite_ref-Living_Across_Borders:_Guatemala_Maya_Immigrants_in_the_US_South_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Living_Across_Borders:_Guatemala_Maya_Immigrants_in_the_US_South-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Maya_in_the_US_–_The_Maya_Heritage_Community_Project_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Maya_in_the_US_–_The_Maya_Heritage_Community_Project-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/23px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/35px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e7/Flag_of_Belize.svg/46px-Flag_of_Belize.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1000" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a></th><td class="infobox-data">30,107 (2010)<sup id="cite_ref-UN_Demographic_Yearbooks_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-UN_Demographic_Yearbooks-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/23px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/35px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/34/Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg/46px-Flag_of_El_Salvador.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1005" data-file-height="567" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a></th><td class="infobox-data">600,000 (2017)<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="font-weight:normal;"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/23px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/35px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/82/Flag_of_Honduras.svg/46px-Flag_of_Honduras.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a></th><td class="infobox-data">33,256 (2013)<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Languages</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Mayan languages</a>, <a href="/wiki/English_language" title="English language">English</a>, <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Belizean_Kriol_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Belizean Kriol language">Kriol</a></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="background-color:#b0c4de;">Religion</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christianity</a> and <a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Maya religion</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mayamap.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mayamap.png/220px-Mayamap.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="162" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mayamap.png/330px-Mayamap.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c5/Mayamap.png/440px-Mayamap.png 2x" data-file-width="1074" data-file-height="789" /></a><figcaption>The Maya area within <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The <b>Maya</b> (<span class="rt-commentedText nowrap"><span class="IPA nopopups noexcerpt" lang="en-fonipa"><a href="/wiki/Help:IPA/English" title="Help:IPA/English">/<span style="border-bottom:1px dotted"><span title="/ˈ/: primary stress follows">ˈ</span><span title="'m' in 'my'">m</span><span title="/aɪ/: 'i' in 'tide'">aɪ</span><span title="/ə/: 'a' in 'about'">ə</span></span>/</a></span></span>) are an <a href="/wiki/Ethnolinguistic_group" title="Ethnolinguistic group">ethnolinguistic group</a> of <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">indigenous peoples</a> of <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerica" title="Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica</a>. The ancient <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya civilization</a> was formed by members of this group, and today's Maya are generally descended from people who lived within that historical region. Today they inhabit southern <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a>, <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>, and westernmost <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a> and <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>. </p><p>"Maya" is a modern collective term for the peoples of the region; however, the term was not historically used by the indigenous populations themselves. There was no common sense of identity or political unity among the distinct populations, societies and ethnic groups because they each had their own particular traditions, cultures and historical identity.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>It is estimated that seven million Maya were living in this area at the start of the 21st century.<sup id="cite_ref-total_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-total-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, southern <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexico</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</a>, <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>, <a href="/wiki/El_Salvador" title="El Salvador">El Salvador</a>, and western <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a> have managed to maintain numerous remnants of their ancient cultural heritage. Some are quite integrated into the majority <a href="/wiki/Westernised" class="mw-redirect" title="Westernised">westernised</a> <i><a href="/wiki/Mestizo" title="Mestizo">mestizo</a></i> cultures of the nations in which they reside, while others continue a more traditional, culturally distinct life, often speaking one of the <a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Mayan languages</a> as a primary <a href="/wiki/Language" title="Language">language</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Yucatan_Peninsula">Yucatan Peninsula</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Yucatan Peninsula"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Mayanlanguageslocations.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mayanlanguageslocations.png/220px-Mayanlanguageslocations.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="307" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mayanlanguageslocations.png/330px-Mayanlanguageslocations.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/02/Mayanlanguageslocations.png/440px-Mayanlanguageslocations.png 2x" data-file-width="484" data-file-height="676" /></a><figcaption>Map of Maya linguistic distribution</figcaption></figure> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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hlist"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">This article is part of <a href="/wiki/Category:Maya_civilization" title="Category:Maya civilization">a series</a> on the</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background: #50C578;"><a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:#FFFFFF">Maya civilization</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Drawing of a Mayan stone carving with elaborate decoration." src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg/260px-MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="76" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg/390px-MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f3/MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg/520px-MA_D293_Maya_stone_carving_from_Copan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1774" data-file-height="521" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_society" title="Maya society">Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_script" title="Maya script">Writing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_mythology" title="Maya mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_in_Maya_culture" title="Sacrifice in Maya culture">Sacrifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayan_cities" title="Mayan cities">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_architecture" title="Maya architecture">Architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_astronomy" title="Maya astronomy">Astronomy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar">Calendar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_stelae" title="Maya stelae">Stelae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_art" title="Ancient Maya art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_textiles" title="Maya textiles">Textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trade_in_Maya_civilization" title="Trade in Maya civilization">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_music" title="Maya music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_dance" title="Maya dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_medicine" title="Maya medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_cuisine" title="Ancient Maya cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_warfare" title="Maya warfare">Warfare</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Maya_civilization" title="History of the Maya civilization">History</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preclassic_Maya" title="Preclassic Maya">Preclassic Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Maya_collapse" title="Classic Maya collapse">Classic Maya collapse</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading"> <a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Maya" title="Spanish conquest of the Maya">Spanish conquest of the Maya</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Spanish conquest of Yucatán">Yucatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Chiapas" title="Spanish conquest of Chiapas">Chiapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Guatemala" title="Spanish conquest of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Pet%C3%A9n" title="Spanish conquest of Petén">Petén</a></li></ul> <hr /></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG/12px-M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG/18px-M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG/24px-M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="972" data-file-height="1296" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mesoamerica" title="Portal:Mesoamerica">Mesoamerica portal</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maya_civilization" title="Template:Maya civilization"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maya_civilization" title="Template talk:Maya civilization"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maya_civilization" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maya civilization"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>One of the largest groups of Maya live in the Yucatan Peninsula, which includes the Mexican states of <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán State</a>, <a href="/wiki/Campeche" title="Campeche">Campeche</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Quintana_Roo" title="Quintana Roo">Quintana Roo</a> as well as the nation of <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a>. These people identify themselves as "Maya" with no further ethnic subdivision (unlike in the Highlands of Western Guatemala). They speak the language which anthropologists term "<a href="/wiki/Yucatec_Maya_language" title="Yucatec Maya language">Yucatec Maya</a>", but is identified by speakers and Yucatecos simply as "Maya". Among Maya speakers, Spanish is commonly spoken as a second or first language.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> There is a significant amount of confusion as to the correct terminology to use—Maya or Mayan—and the meaning of these words with reference to contemporary or pre-Columbian peoples, to Maya peoples in different parts of Mexico, Guatemala, Belize, and to languages or peoples. </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1224211176">.mw-parser-output .quotebox{background-color:#F9F9F9;border:1px solid #aaa;box-sizing:border-box;padding:10px;font-size:88%;max-width:100%}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft{margin:.5em 1.4em .8em 0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright{margin:.5em 0 .8em 1.4em}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.centered{overflow:hidden;position:relative;margin:.5em auto .8em auto}.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatleft span,.mw-parser-output .quotebox.floatright span{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox>blockquote{margin:0;padding:0;border-left:0;font-family:inherit;font-size:inherit}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-title{text-align:center;font-size:110%;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote>:first-child{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote:last-child>:last-child{margin-bottom:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:before{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" “ ";vertical-align:-45%;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox-quote.quoted:after{font-family:"Times New Roman",serif;font-weight:bold;font-size:large;color:gray;content:" ” ";line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .left-aligned{text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .right-aligned{text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .center-aligned{text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quote-title,.mw-parser-output .quotebox .quotebox-quote{display:block}.mw-parser-output .quotebox cite{display:block;font-style:normal}@media screen and (max-width:640px){.mw-parser-output .quotebox{width:100%!important;margin:0 0 .8em!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="quotebox pullquote floatright" style="width:300px; ;"> <blockquote class="quotebox-quote left-aligned" style=""> <p><i>oxlahun ahau u katunil u 13 he›cob cah mayapan: maya uinic u kabaob: uaxac ahau paxci u cabobi: ca uecchahi ti peten tulacal: uac katuni paxciob ca haui u maya-bulub ahau u kaba u katunil hauci u maya kabaob maya uinicob: christiano u kabaob</i> <br /> "Ahau was the katun when they founded the cah of Mayapan; they were [thus] called Maya men. In 8 Ahau their lands were destroyed and they were scattered throughout the peninsula. Six katun after they were destroyed they ceased to be called Maya; 11 Ahau was the name of the katun when the Maya men ceased to be called Maya [and] were called Christians." </p> </blockquote> <p style="padding-bottom: 0;"><cite class="right-aligned" style=""><a href="/wiki/Chilam_Balam" title="Chilam Balam">Chilam Balam</a> Chumayel<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTERestall200467_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTERestall200467-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></cite></p> </div> <p>Linguists refer to the Maya language as Yucatec or Yucatec Maya to distinguish it from other <a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Mayan languages</a>. This norm has often been misinterpreted to mean that the people are also called Yucatec Maya; that term refers to only the language, and the correct name for the people is simply Maya (not Mayans). (Yucatec) Maya is one language in the Mayan language family.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Confusion of the term Maya/Mayan as an ethnic label occurs because Maya women who use traditional dress identify by the ethnic term <i>mestiza</i> and not Maya.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Persons use a strategy of ethnic identification that Juan Castillo Cocom refers to as "ethnoexodus"—meaning that ethnic self-identification as Maya is quite variable, situational, and articulated not to processes of producing group identity, but of escaping from discriminatory processes of sociocultural marginalization.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Yucatán's indigenous population was first exposed to Europeans after a party of Spanish shipwreck survivors came ashore in 1511. One of the sailors, <a href="/wiki/Gonzalo_Guerrero" title="Gonzalo Guerrero">Gonzalo Guerrero</a>, is reported to have taken up with a local woman and started a family; he became a war captain in the Postclassic Mayan state of <a href="/wiki/Chetumal_Province" title="Chetumal Province">Chetumal</a>. Later Spanish expeditions to the region were led by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Hern%C3%A1ndez_de_C%C3%B3rdoba_(discoverer_of_Yucat%C3%A1n)" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Hernández de Córdoba (discoverer of Yucatán)">Córdoba</a> in 1517, <a href="/wiki/Juan_de_Grijalva" title="Juan de Grijalva">Grijalva</a> in 1518, and <a href="/wiki/Hern%C3%A1n_Cort%C3%A9s" title="Hernán Cortés">Cortés</a> in 1519. From 1528 to 1540, several attempts by <a href="/wiki/Francisco_de_Montejo" title="Francisco de Montejo">Francisco Montejo</a> to conquer the Yucatán failed. His son, Francisco de Montejo the Younger, fared almost as badly when he first took over: while invading Chichen Itza, he lost 150 men in a single day.<sup id="cite_ref-ambconq_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ambconq-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> European diseases, massive recruitment of native warriors from Campeche and Champoton, and internal hatred between the Xiu Maya and the lords of Cocom eventually turned the tide for Montejo the Younger. <a href="/wiki/Chichen_Itza" title="Chichen Itza">Chichen Itza</a> was conquered by 1570.<sup id="cite_ref-ambconq_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ambconq-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 1542, the western Yucatán Peninsula also surrendered to him. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chichen_Itza_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chichen_Itza_3.jpg/220px-Chichen_Itza_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="117" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chichen_Itza_3.jpg/330px-Chichen_Itza_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/51/Chichen_Itza_3.jpg/440px-Chichen_Itza_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="9771" data-file-height="5197" /></a><figcaption>Chichen Itza's <a href="/wiki/El_Castillo,_Chichen_Itza" title="El Castillo, Chichen Itza"><i>El Castillo</i></a></figcaption></figure> <p>Historically, the population in the eastern half of the peninsula was less affected by and less integrated than the western half. In the 21st century in the Yucatán Peninsula (Mexican states of Campeche, Yucatán and Quintana Roo), between 750,000 and 1,200,000 people speak Mayan. However, three times more than that are of Maya origins, hold ancient Maya surnames, and do not speak Mayan languages as their first language. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Matthew_Restall" title="Matthew Restall">Matthew Restall</a>, in his book <i>The Maya Conquistador</i>,<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> mentions a series of letters sent to the King of Spain in the 16th and 17th centuries. The <a href="/wiki/Nobility" title="Nobility">noble</a> Maya families at that time signed documents to the Spanish royal family; surnames mentioned in those letters are Pech, Camal, Xiu, Ucan, Canul, Cocom, and Tun, among others. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Poblado-maya-1.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ea/Poblado-maya-1.jpg/250px-Poblado-maya-1.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="374" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/ea/Poblado-maya-1.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="334" data-file-height="500" /></a><figcaption>Yucateken</figcaption></figure> <p>A large 19th-century revolt by the native Maya people of Yucatán (Mexico), known as the <a href="/wiki/Caste_War_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Caste War of Yucatán">Caste War of Yucatán</a>, was one of the most successful modern Native American revolts.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> For a period the Maya state of <a href="/wiki/Chan_Santa_Cruz" title="Chan Santa Cruz">Chan Santa Cruz</a> was recognized as an independent nation by the <a href="/wiki/British_Empire" title="British Empire">British Empire</a>, particularly in terms of trading with British Honduras. </p> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Dr_Luna_Kan_(2010).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Dr_Luna_Kan_%282010%29.jpg/220px-Dr_Luna_Kan_%282010%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Dr_Luna_Kan_%282010%29.jpg/330px-Dr_Luna_Kan_%282010%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ae/Dr_Luna_Kan_%282010%29.jpg/440px-Dr_Luna_Kan_%282010%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2553" data-file-height="1916" /></a><figcaption>Former governor of Yucatán, <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Luna_Kan" title="Francisco Luna Kan">Francisco Luna Kan</a>, is a Maya with the very common surname "Kan"</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Epigmenio_Luna_Kan" class="mw-redirect" title="Francisco Epigmenio Luna Kan">Francisco Luna-Kan</a> was elected <a href="/wiki/Governor_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Governor of Yucatán">governor</a> of the state of Yucatán from 1976 to 1982. Luna-Kan was born in <a href="/wiki/M%C3%A9rida,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Mérida, Yucatán">Mérida, Yucatán</a>, and he was a doctor of medicine, then a professor of medicine before his political offices. He was first appointed as overseer of the state's rural medical system. He was the first governor of the modern <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</a> to be of full Maya ancestry. In the early 21st century, dozens of politicians, including deputies, mayors and senators, are of full or mixed Maya heritage from the Yucatán Peninsula. </p><p>According to the National Institute of Geography and Informatics (Mexico's <a href="/wiki/INEGI" class="mw-redirect" title="INEGI">INEGI</a>), in Yucatán State there were 1.2 million Mayan speakers in 2009, representing just under 60% of the inhabitants.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Due to this, the cultural section of the government of <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a> began on-line classes for grammar and proper pronunciation of Maya.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maya people from <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_Peninsula" title="Yucatán Peninsula">Yucatán Peninsula</a> living in the United States of America have been organizing Maya language lessons and Maya cooking classes since 2003 in California and other states: clubs of <a href="/wiki/Yucatec_Maya" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatec Maya">Yucatec Maya</a><sup id="cite_ref-yucatecos_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yucatecos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are registered in <a href="/wiki/Dallas" title="Dallas">Dallas</a> and <a href="/wiki/Irving,_Texas" title="Irving, Texas">Irving, Texas</a>; <a href="/wiki/Salt_Lake_City" title="Salt Lake City">Salt Lake City</a> in Utah; <a href="/wiki/Las_Vegas,_Nevada" class="mw-redirect" title="Las Vegas, Nevada">Las Vegas, Nevada</a>; and <a href="/wiki/California" title="California">California</a>, with groups in San Francisco; San Rafael; Chino; Pasadena; Santa Ana; Garden Grove; Inglewood; Los Angeles; Thousand Oaks; Oxnard; San Fernando Valley and Whittier.<sup id="cite_ref-yucatecos_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-yucatecos-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Maya language is taught at the college and graduate level; beginning, intermediate, and advanced courses in Maya have been taught at Indiana University since 2010.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Open School of Ethnography and Anthropology offers immersion Maya courses in a six-week intensive summer program.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Chiapas">Chiapas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Chiapas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chiapas-Maya.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Chiapas-Maya.gif/220px-Chiapas-Maya.gif" decoding="async" width="220" height="193" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Chiapas-Maya.gif/330px-Chiapas-Maya.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/84/Chiapas-Maya.gif/440px-Chiapas-Maya.gif 2x" data-file-width="475" data-file-height="416" /></a><figcaption>Maya populations in Chiapas. The area officially assigned to the <a href="/wiki/Lacandon_Community" class="mw-redirect" title="Lacandon Community">Lacandon Community</a> is the <a href="/wiki/Montes_Azules_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve">Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve</a>, which partly overlaps with the <a href="/wiki/Tzeltal_people" title="Tzeltal people">Tzeltal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tojolabal_people" title="Tojolabal people">Tojolabal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Ch%CA%BCol_people" title="Chʼol people">Chʼol</a> areas. Note. The <a href="/wiki/Zoque_people" title="Zoque people">Zoque</a> are not <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maya</a>.</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a> was for many years one of the regions of Mexico that was least touched by the reforms of the <a href="/wiki/Mexican_Revolution" title="Mexican Revolution">Mexican Revolution</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Zapatista_Army_of_National_Liberation" title="Zapatista Army of National Liberation">Zapatista Army of National Liberation</a>, launched a rebellion against the Mexican state, Chiapas in January 1994, declared itself to be an <a href="/wiki/Indigenous_people_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Indigenous people of the Americas">indigenous</a> movement and drew its strongest and earliest support from Chiapan Maya. Today its number of supporters is relevant. (see also the <a href="/wiki/EZLN" class="mw-redirect" title="EZLN">EZLN</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Chiapas_conflict" title="Chiapas conflict">Chiapas conflict</a>) </p><p>Maya groups in Chiapas include the <a href="/wiki/Tzotzil_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Tzotzil people">Tzotzil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tzeltal_people" title="Tzeltal people">Tzeltal</a>, in the highlands of the state, the <a href="/wiki/Tojolabal_people" title="Tojolabal people">Tojolabalis</a> concentrated in the lowlands around <a href="/wiki/Las_Margaritas,_Chiapas" title="Las Margaritas, Chiapas">Las Margaritas</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Ch%CA%BCol_people" title="Chʼol people">Chʼol</a> in the jungle, and in the south eastern <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Highlands" title="Guatemalan Highlands">uplands</a>, the endangered <a href="/wiki/Motozintlecos" title="Motozintlecos">Mochó</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_people" title="Kaqchikel people">Kaqchikel</a>, also widely spoken in the <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_highlands" class="mw-redirect" title="Guatemalan highlands">Guatemalan highlands</a>. (See map. Note. The <a href="/wiki/Zoque_people" title="Zoque people">Zoque</a> are not <a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maya</a>.) </p><p>The most traditional of Maya groups are the <a href="/wiki/Lacandon_people" title="Lacandon people">Lacandon</a>, a small population avoiding contact with outsiders until the late 20th century by living in small groups in the <a href="/wiki/Lacandon_Jungle" title="Lacandon Jungle">Lacandon Jungle</a>. These Lacandon Maya came from the Campeche/Petén area (north-east of <a href="/wiki/Chiapas" title="Chiapas">Chiapas</a>) and moved into the Lacandon rain-forest at the end of the 18th century. </p><p>In the course of the 20th century, and increasingly in the 1950s and 1960s, other people (mainly the Maya and subsistence peasants from the highlands), also entered into the Lacandon region; initially encouraged by the government. This immigration led to land-related conflicts and an increasing pressure on the <a href="/wiki/Rainforest" title="Rainforest">rainforest</a>. To halt the migration, the government decided in 1971 to declare a large part of the forest (614,000 hectares, or 6140 km<sup>2</sup>) a protected area: the <a href="/wiki/Montes_Azules_Biosphere_Reserve" title="Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve">Montes Azules Biosphere Reserve</a>. They appointed only one small population group (the 66 Lacandon families) as tenants (thus creating the Lacandon Community), thereby displacing 2000 Tzeltal and Chʼol families from 26 communities, and leaving non-Lacandon communities dependent on the government for granting their rights to land. In the decades that followed the government carried out numerous programs to keep the problems in the region under control, using land distribution as a political tool; as a way of ensuring loyalty from different campesino groups. This strategy of <a href="/wiki/Divide_and_rule" title="Divide and rule">divide and rule</a> led to great disaffection and tensions among population groups in the region.<br /> (see also the <a href="/wiki/Chiapas_conflict" title="Chiapas conflict">Chiapas conflict</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Lacandon_Jungle" title="Lacandon Jungle">Lacandon Jungle</a>). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Belize">Belize</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Belize"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 0;overflow:hidden;width:238px;border-collapse:collapse;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em}.mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{border-left:10px solid #b32424;background-color:#fee7e6}.mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left:10px solid #b32424}.mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left:10px solid #f28500}.mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left:10px solid #fc3}.mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left:10px solid #9932cc}.mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left:10px solid #a2a9b1}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-text{border:none;padding:0.25em 0.5em;width:100%}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image{border:none;padding:2px 0 2px 0.5em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-imageright{border:none;padding:2px 0.5em 2px 0;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-empty-cell{border:none;padding:0;width:1px}.mw-parser-output .ambox .mbox-image-div{width:52px}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ambox{margin:0 10%}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Maya population in <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belize</a> is concentrated in the <a href="/wiki/Corozal_District" title="Corozal District">Corozal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Cayo_District" title="Cayo District">Cayo</a>, <a href="/wiki/Toledo_District" title="Toledo District">Toledo</a> and <a href="/wiki/Orange_Walk_District" title="Orange Walk District">Orange Walk</a> districts, but are scattered throughout the country. The Maya are thought to have been in Belize and the Yucatán region since the second millennium BC. Much of Belize's original Maya population died as a result of new infectious diseases and conflicts between tribes and with Europeans. They are divided into the <a href="/wiki/Yucatec" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatec">Yucatec</a>, <a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Qʼeqchiʼ people">Kekchi</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mopan_people" title="Mopan people">Mopan</a>. These three Maya groups now inhabit the country. </p><p>The Yucatec Maya (many of whom came from Yucatán, Mexico to escape the Caste War of the 1840s) there have been evidence of several Yucatec Maya groups living by the Yalbac area of Belize and in the Orange Walk district near the present day Lamanai at the time the British reach. The Mopan (indigenous to Belize but were forced out by the British; they returned from Guatemala to evade slavery in the 19th century), and Kekchi (also fled from slavery in Guatemala in the 19th century). The latter groups are chiefly found in the Toledo District.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tabasco">Tabasco</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Tabasco"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>needs expansion</b>. You can help by <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=">adding to it</a>. <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">January 2012</span>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>The Mexican state of <a href="/wiki/Tabasco" title="Tabasco">Tabasco</a> is home to the <a href="/wiki/Chontal_Maya_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chontal Maya people">Chontal Maya</a>. Tabasco is a Mexican state with a northern coastline fringing the Gulf of Mexico. In its capital, <a href="/wiki/Villahermosa" title="Villahermosa">Villahermosa</a>, Parque Museo la Venta is known for its zoo and colossal stone sculptures dating to the <a href="/wiki/Olmec_civilization" class="mw-redirect" title="Olmec civilization">Olmec civilization</a>. The grand Museo de Historia de Tabasco chronicles the area from prehistoric times, while the Museo Regional de Antropología has exhibits on native Maya and Olmec civilizations. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Guatemala">Guatemala</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Guatemala"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg/220px-Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg/330px-Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/47/Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg/440px-Jeunes_femmes_mayas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4288" data-file-height="2848" /></a><figcaption>Young <a href="/wiki/Maya_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya people">Mayan</a> women in traditional dress in <a href="/wiki/Antigua,_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Antigua, Guatemala">Antigua, Guatemala</a></figcaption></figure> <p>In <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a>, indigenous people of Maya descent comprise around 42% of the population.<sup id="cite_ref-census2018_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-census2018-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Many Maya still experience <a href="/wiki/Discrimination_against_Mayans_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Discrimination against Mayans in Guatemala">discrimination and oppression</a>. The largest Maya populations are found in the western highlands where they make up the majority of populations in the departments of <a href="/wiki/Baja_Verapaz" class="mw-redirect" title="Baja Verapaz">Baja Verapaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quich%C3%A9_Department" title="Quiché Department">Quiché</a>, <a href="/wiki/Totonicap%C3%A1n_Department" title="Totonicapán Department">Totonicapán</a>, <a href="/wiki/Huehuetenango_Department" title="Huehuetenango Department">Huehuetenango</a>, <a href="/wiki/Quetzaltenango_Department" title="Quetzaltenango Department">Quetzaltenango</a>, and <a href="/wiki/San_Marcos_Department" title="San Marcos Department">San Marcos</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The Maya people of the Guatemala highlands include the <a href="/wiki/Achi_people" title="Achi people">Achi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Akatek_people" title="Akatek people">Akatek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Chuj_people" title="Chuj people">Chuj</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ixil_people" title="Ixil people">Ixil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jakaltek_people" title="Jakaltek people">Jakaltek</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_people" title="Kaqchikel people">Kaqchikel</a>, <a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_people" title="Kʼicheʼ people">Kʼicheʼ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Mam_people" title="Mam people">Mam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poqomam_people" title="Poqomam people">Poqomam</a>, <a href="/wiki/Poqomchi%CA%BC_people" title="Poqomchiʼ people">Poqomchiʼ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCanjob%CA%BCal_people" title="Qʼanjobʼal people">Qʼanjobʼal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Qʼeqchiʼ people">Qʼeqchiʼ</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tz%CA%BCutujil_people" title="Tzʼutujil people">Tzʼutujil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Uspantek_people" title="Uspantek people">Uspantek</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Qʼeqchiʼ live in lowland areas of Alta Vera Paz, Peten, and Western Belize. Over the course of the succeeding centuries a series of land displacements, re-settlements, persecutions and migrations resulted in a wider dispersal of Qʼeqchiʼ communities, into other regions of Guatemala (Izabal, Petén, El Quiché). They are the second-largest ethnic Maya group in Guatemala (after the Kʼicheʼ) and one of the largest and most widespread throughout Central America.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg/220px-Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg/330px-Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/42/Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg/440px-Guatemala_-_Madre_y_ni%C3%B1as_2007.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1128" data-file-height="748" /></a><figcaption>Mayans in Guatemala</figcaption></figure> <p>In Guatemala, the Spanish colonial pattern of keeping the native population legally separate and subservient continued well into the 20th century.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (December 2012)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> This resulted in many traditional customs being retained, as the only other option than traditional Maya life open to most Maya was entering the westeren culture at the very bottom rung. Because of this many Guatemalan Maya, especially women, continue to wear traditional clothing, that varies according to their specific local identity.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (July 2024)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The southeastern region of Guatemala (bordering with <a href="/wiki/Honduras" title="Honduras">Honduras</a>) includes groups such as the <a href="/wiki/Ch%CA%BCorti%CA%BC_people" title="Chʼortiʼ people">Chʼortiʼ</a>. The northern lowland Petén region includes the <a href="/wiki/Itza_people" title="Itza people">Itza</a>, whose language is near extinction but whose agroforestry practices, including use of dietary and medicinal plants may still tell us much about pre-colonial management of the Maya lowlands.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="History">History</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The Classic period of <a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican" class="mw-redirect" title="Mesoamerican">Mesoamerican</a> civilization corresponds to the height of the <a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization">Maya civilization</a>. It is represented by countless sites throughout Guatemala, although the largest concentration is in <a href="/wiki/Pet%C3%A9n_Basin" title="Petén Basin">Petén</a>. This period is characterized by urbanisation, the emergence of independent <a href="/wiki/Maya_city" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya city">city-states</a>, and contact with other Mesoamerican cultures.<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>This lasted until approximately 900 AD, when the <a href="/wiki/Classic_Maya_collapse" title="Classic Maya collapse">Classic Maya civilization collapsed</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gill_2000_30-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gill_2000-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Maya abandoned many of the cities of the central lowlands or were killed by a drought-induced <a href="/wiki/Famine" title="Famine">famine</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Gill_2000_30-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gill_2000-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Genocide">Genocide</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Genocide"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_genocide" title="Guatemalan genocide">Guatemalan genocide</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG/200px-Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG" decoding="async" width="200" height="329" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG/300px-Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/88/Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG/400px-Rigoberta_Menchu_Tum.JPG 2x" data-file-width="971" data-file-height="1598" /></a><figcaption>Human rights activist and <a href="/wiki/Nobel_Peace_Prize" title="Nobel Peace Prize">Nobel Peace Prize</a> laureate <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA_Tum" class="mw-redirect" title="Rigoberta Menchú Tum">Rigoberta Menchú Tum</a> in <a href="/wiki/Acaya" title="Acaya">Acaya</a>, Province of Lecce (Italy), at the opening press conference of the International Forum of Peace.</figcaption></figure> <p>The 36-year-long <a href="/wiki/Guatemalan_Civil_War" title="Guatemalan Civil War">Guatemalan Civil War</a> from 1960 to 1996 left more than 200,000 people dead, a half-million people driven from their homes, and at least 100,000 women raped; most of the victims were Maya.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The genocide against Mayan people took place throughout the whole civil war because indigenous people were seen as supporting the leftist guerillas, but most acts against humanity occurred during <a href="/wiki/Efra%C3%ADn_R%C3%ADos_Montt" title="Efraín Ríos Montt">Efraín Ríos Montt</a>'s presidency (1982–1983). Ríos Montt instituted a campaign of state terror intended to destroy the Mayas in the name of countering "communist subversion" and ridding the country of its indigenous culture. This was also known as Operation Sofia. Within Operation Sofia, the military followed through with <a href="/wiki/Scorched_earth" title="Scorched earth">"scorched earth policies"</a> which allowed them to destroy whole villages, including killing livestock, destroying cultural symbols, destroying crops, and murdering civilians.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In some areas, government forces killed about 40% of the total population; the campaign destroyed at least 626 Mayan villages.<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On January 26, 2012, former president Ríos Montt was formally indicted in Guatemala for overseeing the massacre of 1,771 civilians of the Ixil Maya group and appeared in court for genocide and crimes against humanity<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> for which he was then sentenced to 80 years in prison on May 10, 2013.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This ruling was overturned by the constitutional court on May 20, 2013, over alleged irregularities in the handling of the case.<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ex-president appeared in court again on January 5, 2015, amongst protest from his lawyers regarding his health conditions<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and on August 25, 2015, it was deliberated that a re-trial of the 2013 proceedings could find Ríos Montt guilty or not, but that the sentence would be suspended.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Ríos Montt died on April 1, 2018, of a heart attack.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Maya_heritage">Maya heritage</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Maya heritage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Unreferenced_section plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content ambox-Unreferenced" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Question_book-new.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/50px-Question_book-new.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="39" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/75px-Question_book-new.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/99/Question_book-new.svg/100px-Question_book-new.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="399" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This section <b>does not <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources">cite</a> any <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">sources</a></b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please help <a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Maya_peoples" title="Special:EditPage/Maya peoples">improve this section</a> by <a href="/wiki/Help:Referencing_for_beginners" title="Help:Referencing for beginners">adding citations to reliable sources</a>. Unsourced material may be challenged and <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Verifiability#Burden_of_evidence" title="Wikipedia:Verifiability">removed</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">August 2012</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chichicastenango-004.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Chichicastenango-004.jpg/220px-Chichicastenango-004.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="164" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Chichicastenango-004.jpg/330px-Chichicastenango-004.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Chichicastenango-004.jpg/440px-Chichicastenango-004.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2125" data-file-height="1580" /></a><figcaption>Guatemalan girls in their traditional clothing from the town of Santa Catarina Palopó on <a href="/wiki/Lake_Atitl%C3%A1n" title="Lake Atitlán">Lake Atitlán</a></figcaption></figure> <p>The Maya people are known for their brightly colored, <a href="/wiki/Yarn" title="Yarn">yarn</a>-based, <a href="/wiki/Textiles" class="mw-redirect" title="Textiles">textiles</a> that are woven into capes, shirts, blouses, <a href="/wiki/Huipil" title="Huipil">huipiles</a> and dresses. Each village has its own distinctive pattern, making it possible to distinguish a person's home town. Women's clothing consists of a shirt and a long skirt. </p><p>The Maya religion is <a href="/wiki/Roman_Catholicism" class="mw-redirect" title="Roman Catholicism">Roman Catholicism</a> combined with the indigenous <a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Maya religion</a> to form the unique syncretic religion which prevailed throughout the country and still does in the rural regions. Beginning from negligible roots prior to 1960, however, <a href="/wiki/Protestant" class="mw-redirect" title="Protestant">Protestant</a> <a href="/wiki/Pentecostalism" title="Pentecostalism">Pentecostalism</a> has grown to become the predominant religion of <a href="/wiki/Guatemala_City" title="Guatemala City">Guatemala City</a> and other urban centers, and mid-sized towns. The unique religion is reflected in the local saint, <a href="/wiki/Maxim%C3%B3n" title="Maximón">Maximón</a>, who is associated with the subterranean force of masculine fertility and prostitution. Always depicted in black, he wears a black hat and sits on a chair, often with a cigar placed in his mouth and a gun in his hand, with offerings of tobacco, alcohol, and Coca-Cola at his feet. The locals know him as San Simon of Guatemala. </p> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Maximon,_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c2/Maximon%2C_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg/275px-Maximon%2C_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg" decoding="async" width="275" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c2/Maximon%2C_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg/413px-Maximon%2C_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/c/c2/Maximon%2C_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg/550px-Maximon%2C_in_Santiago_Atitlan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="700" data-file-height="463" /></a><figcaption>Maximón, a Maya deity</figcaption></figure> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Popol_Vuh" title="Popol Vuh">Popol Vuh</a> is the most significant work of Guatemalan literature in the <a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_language" title="Kʼicheʼ language">Kʼicheʼ language</a>, and one of the most important works of <a href="/wiki/Pre-Columbian_era" title="Pre-Columbian era">Pre-Columbian</a> American literature. It is a compendium of Maya stories and legends, aimed to preserve Maya traditions. The first known version of this text dates from the 16th century and is written in Quiché transcribed in Latin characters. It was translated into Spanish by the <a href="/wiki/Dominican_Order" title="Dominican Order">Dominican</a> priest <a href="/wiki/Francisco_Xim%C3%A9nez" title="Francisco Ximénez">Francisco Ximénez</a> in the beginning of the 18th century. Due to its combination of historical, mythical, and religious elements, it has been called the Maya Bible. It is a vital document for understanding the culture of Pre-Columbian America. The <a href="/wiki/Rabinal_Ach%C3%AD" title="Rabinal Achí">Rabinal Achí</a> is a dramatic work consisting of dance and text that is preserved as it was originally represented. It is thought to date from the 15th century and narrates the mythical and dynastic origins of the Toj Kʼicheʼ rulers of Rabinal, and their relationships with neighboring Kʼicheʼ of <a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCumarkaj" title="Qʼumarkaj">Qʼumarkaj</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEvan_Akkeren1999281,_288_43-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEvan_Akkeren1999281,_288-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Rabinal Achí is performed during the Rabinal festival of January 25, the day of <a href="/wiki/Saint_Paul" class="mw-redirect" title="Saint Paul">Saint Paul</a>. It was declared a masterpiece of oral tradition of humanity by UNESCO in 2005. The 16th century saw the first native-born Guatemalan writers that wrote in <a href="/wiki/Spanish_language" title="Spanish language">Spanish</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Maya_cultural_heritage_tourism">Maya cultural heritage tourism</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Maya cultural heritage tourism"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg/220px-Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg/330px-Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg/440px-Tunkan_Maia_Yucatan.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1704" data-file-height="2272" /></a><figcaption> Maya family from Yucatán</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><span><video id="mwe_player_0" poster="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm/220px--Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm.jpg" controls="" preload="none" data-mw-tmh="" class="mw-file-element" width="220" height="124" data-durationhint="19" data-mwtitle="Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional,_Mexico_City,_Mexico.webm" data-mwprovider="wikimediacommons" resource="/wiki/File:Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional,_Mexico_City,_Mexico.webm"><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm.480p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="480p.vp9.webm" data-width="854" data-height="480" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-width="1077" data-height="606" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm.144p.mjpeg.mov" type="video/quicktime" data-transcodekey="144p.mjpeg.mov" data-width="256" data-height="144" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm.240p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="240p.vp9.webm" data-width="426" data-height="240" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm.360p.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp8, vorbis"" data-transcodekey="360p.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /><source src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/e/e8/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm/Boy_playing_Mayan_trumpet_opposite_of_Palacio_Nacional%2C_Mexico_City%2C_Mexico.webm.360p.vp9.webm" type="video/webm; codecs="vp9, opus"" data-transcodekey="360p.vp9.webm" data-width="640" data-height="360" /></video></span><figcaption>A boy playing Maya trumpet opposite of <a href="/wiki/National_Palace_(Mexico)" title="National Palace (Mexico)">Palacio Nacional, Mexico City</a>, Mexico.</figcaption></figure> <p>There is often a relationship between cultural heritage, tourism, and a national identity. In the case of the Maya, the many national identities have been constructed because of the growing demands placed on them by cultural tourism. By focusing on lifeways through costumes, rituals, diet, handicrafts, language, housing, or other features, the identity of the economy shifts from the sale of labor to that of the sale of culture.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Global tourism is now considered one of the largest scale movement of goods, services, and people in history and a significant catalyst for economic development and sociopolitical change.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Estimated that between 35 and 40 per cent of tourism today is represented by cultural tourism or heritage tourism, this alternative to mass tourism offers opportunities for place-based engagement that frames context for interaction by the lived space and everyday life of other peoples, as well as sites and objects of global historical significance.<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In this production of tourism the use of historic symbols, signs, and topics form a new side that characterizes a nation and can play an active role in nation building.<sup id="cite_ref-47" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>With this type of tourism, people argue that ethno-commerce may open unprecedented opportunities for creating value of various kinds. Tourists travel with cultural expectations, which has created a touristic experience sometimes faced with the need to invent traditions of artificial and contrived attractions, often developed at the expense of local tradition and meanings.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>An example of this can be seen in "Mayanizing Tourism on Roatan Island, Honduras: Archaeological Perspectives on Heritage, Development, and Indignity." Alejandro J. Figueroa et al., combine archaeological data and ethnographic insights to explore a highly contested tourism economy in their discussion of how places on Roatan Island, Honduras, have become increasingly "Mayanized" over the past decade. As tour operators and developers continue to invent an idealized Maya past for the island, non-Maya archaeological remains and cultural patrimony are constantly being threatened and destroyed. While heritage tourism provides economic opportunities for some, it can devalue contributions made by less familiar groups.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_Maya_people">Notable Maya people</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Notable Maya people"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Maya_people" title="Category:Maya people">Category:Maya people</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PakalImage3_cropped.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/PakalImage3_cropped.jpg/210px-PakalImage3_cropped.jpg" decoding="async" width="210" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/PakalImage3_cropped.jpg/315px-PakalImage3_cropped.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/38/PakalImage3_cropped.jpg 2x" data-file-width="371" data-file-height="433" /></a><figcaption>Lady <a href="/wiki/Sak_K%CA%BCuk%CA%BC" title="Sak Kʼukʼ">Sak Kʼukʼ</a> presenting a crown to her son <a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCinich_Janaab%CA%BC_Pakal" title="Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal">Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal</a>, on the day he assumed the kingship</figcaption></figure> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ah_Ahaual" title="Ah Ahaual">Ah Ahaual</a>, a 7th-century captive of noble lineage recorded in pre-Columbian Maya inscriptions</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hunac_Ceel" title="Hunac Ceel">Hunac Ceel</a> (fl. c. 1300), Maya general and founder of the <a href="/wiki/Cocom" title="Cocom">Cocom</a> dynasty at <a href="/wiki/Chichen_Itz%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Chichen Itzá">Chichen Itzá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Apoxpalon" title="Apoxpalon">Apoxpalon</a> (fl. 1525), Maya merchant and regional ruler of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Itzamkanac&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Itzamkanac (page does not exist)">Itzamkanac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tecun_Uman" title="Tecun Uman">Tecun Uman</a> (died c. 1524), legendary <a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="Kʼicheʼ">Kʼicheʼ Mayan</a> leader who refused to give way to the conquistadors in Guatemala and was slain by <a href="/wiki/Pedro_de_Alvarado" title="Pedro de Alvarado">Pedro de Alvarado</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Napuc_Chi" title="Napuc Chi">Napuc Chi</a> or Ah Kin Chi (died c. 1541), general-in-chief of the army and king of <a href="/wiki/Tutul-Xiu" title="Tutul-Xiu">Tutul-Xiu</a>, i. e. <a href="/wiki/Man%C3%AD,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Maní, Yucatán">Maní</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gaspar_Antonio_Chi" title="Gaspar Antonio Chi">Gaspar Antonio Chi</a> (c. 1531–1610), Maya noble from <a href="/wiki/Man%C3%AD,_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Maní, Yucatán">Maní</a>, son of Napuc Chi</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jacinto_Canek" title="Jacinto Canek">Jacinto Canek</a> (c. 1731–1761), Maya revolutionary</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crescencio_Poot" title="Crescencio Poot">Crescencio Poot</a> (1820–1885), general in the <a href="/wiki/Caste_War_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Caste War of Yucatán">Caste War of Yucatán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Felipe_Carrillo_Puerto" title="Felipe Carrillo Puerto">Felipe Carrillo Puerto</a> (1874–1924), Mexican journalist and politician, governor of the Mexican state of <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a> (1922–1924)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paula_Nicho_Cumez" title="Paula Nicho Cumez">Paula Nicho Cumez</a> (born 1955), is a Mayan-Guatemalan artist. Cumez is inspired by Mayan tradition and culture and focuses on expressing the context of native women’s experience in her artwork; additionally, Cumez is inspired by the <a href="/wiki/Popol_Vuh" title="Popol Vuh">Popol Vuh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9s_Curruchich" title="Andrés Curruchich">Andrés Curruchich</a> (1891–1969), Guatemalan painter of the <a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_people" title="Kaqchikel people">Kaqchikel people</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carlos_M%C3%A9rida" title="Carlos Mérida">Carlos Mérida</a> (1891–1985), Spanish-Kʼicheʼ artist from Guatemala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Francisco_Luna_Kan" title="Francisco Luna Kan">Francisco Luna Kan</a> (1925–2023), Mexican politician, governor of <a href="/wiki/Yucat%C3%A1n_(state)" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatán (state)">Yucatán</a> (1976–1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armando_Manzanero" title="Armando Manzanero">Armando Manzanero Canché</a> (1935–2020), <a href="/wiki/Mexico" title="Mexico">Mexican</a> musician, singer, and composer</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Luis_Rolando_Ixquiac_Xicara" title="Luis Rolando Ixquiac Xicara">Luis Rolando Ixquiac Xicara</a> (born 1947), indigenous artist born in <a href="/wiki/Quetzaltenango" title="Quetzaltenango">Quetzaltenango</a>, Guatemala</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marcial_Mes" title="Marcial Mes">Marcial Mes</a> (c. 1949–2014), <a href="/wiki/Belize" title="Belize">Belizean</a> politician</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosalina_Tuyuc" title="Rosalina Tuyuc">Rosalina Tuyuc</a> (born 1956), Guatemalan human rights activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a> (born 1959), <a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_people" title="Kʼicheʼ people">Kʼicheʼ</a> political activist from <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comandanta_Ramona" title="Comandanta Ramona">Comandanta Ramona</a> (1959–2006), 'officer' of the autonomist <a href="/wiki/Zapatista_Army_of_National_Liberation" title="Zapatista Army of National Liberation">Zapatista Army of National Liberation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juan_Jose_Pacho" class="mw-redirect" title="Juan Jose Pacho">Juan Jose Pacho</a> (born 1963), Mexican former baseball player and manager</li> <li><a href="/wiki/An%C3%ADbal_L%C3%B3pez" title="Aníbal López">Aníbal López</a> (1964–2014), Guatemalan artist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jes%C3%BAs_Tec%C3%BA_Osorio" title="Jesús Tecú Osorio">Jesús Tecú Osorio</a> (born 1971), Guatemalan social activist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilario_Chi_Canul" title="Hilario Chi Canul">Hilario Chi Canul</a> (born 1981), Mexican linguist</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oscar_Santis" title="Oscar Santis">Oscar Santis</a> (born 1999), Footballer</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Quotes">Quotes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Quotes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1251242444"><table class="box-Copy_to_Wikiquote plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg/40px-Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg/60px-Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg/80px-Edit-copy_purple-wikiq.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This page <b>is a candidate for <a href="https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Help:Transwiki" class="extiw" title="m:Help:Transwiki">copying</a> over to <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Main_Page" class="extiw" title="q:Main Page">Wikiquote</a> using the Transwiki process</b>.<span class="hide-when-compact"> If the page can be <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:How_to_edit_a_page" class="mw-redirect" title="Wikipedia:How to edit a page">expanded</a> into an encyclopedic article, rather than a list of quotations, please do so and remove this message.</span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <ul><li>"We are not myths of the past, ruins in the jungle or zoos. We are people and we want to be respected, not to be victims of intolerance and racism." – <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a>, 1992.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Films_and_television">Films and television</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Films and television"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Kings_of_the_Sun" title="Kings of the Sun">Kings of the Sun</a></i> (1963), the first major motion picture that depicted a part of Maya history, in this case the conquest of <a href="/wiki/Chichen_Itza" title="Chichen Itza">Chichen Itza</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hunac_Ceel" title="Hunac Ceel">Hunac Ceel</a>, a famous Maya general.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/El_Norte_(film)" title="El Norte (film)">El Norte (film)</a></i> (1983), one of the first indie films ever produced, about two Maya siblings who immigrate illegally to the U.S. to escape the Maya genocide in Guatemala.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Apocalypto" title="Apocalypto">Apocalypto</a></i> (2006), an adventure film directed and produced by Mel Gibson, set around the time of European contact with all of the dialogue spoken in <a href="/wiki/Yucatec_Mayan_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Yucatec Mayan language">Yucatec</a><sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (September 2018)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Forgotten_District" title="The Forgotten District">The Forgotten District</a></i> (2008), a documentary on Maya ecotourism in southern Belize.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Heart_of_Sky,_Heart_of_Earth" title="Heart of Sky, Heart of Earth">Heart of Sky, Heart of Earth</a></i> (2011), a documentary on the Maya of today and their fight to save their culture and environment.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mayan_Renaissance" title="Mayan Renaissance">Mayan Renaissance</a></i> (2012), starring <a href="/wiki/Rigoberta_Mench%C3%BA" title="Rigoberta Menchú">Rigoberta Menchú</a>.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ixcanul" title="Ixcanul">Ixcanul</a></i> (2015), the first movie ever produced completely in <a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_language" title="Kaqchikel language">Kaqchikel</a>, a Maya language. It's an indie film that relates the life of a young woman in a traditional Maya village.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Llorona_(2019_film)" title="La Llorona (2019 film)"><i>La Llorona</i></a> (2019), a horror film addressing the genocide of the Maya in Guatemala.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sons_of_Anarchy" title="Sons of Anarchy">Sons of Anarchy</a></i> and its sequel spin-off series, <i><a href="/wiki/Mayans_M.C." title="Mayans M.C.">Mayans M.C.</a></i>, both FX series, created by Kurt Sutter, feature a fictional Latino <a href="/wiki/Outlaw_motorcycle_club" title="Outlaw motorcycle club">outlaw motorcycle club</a> that adopts much of the culture of Maya civilization, reflective in the club's name, the club's patch, and the terminology used by members.</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Black_Panther:_Wakanda_Forever" title="Black Panther: Wakanda Forever">Black Panther: Wakanda Forever</a></i> (2022), adventure film sequel with elements of the story of a superhuman Maya tribe with ancestors from the Mesoamerica jungle</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG/21px-M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG" decoding="async" width="21" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7a/M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG/31px-M%C3%A1scara_de_Xiuhtecuhtli_Cultura_Azteza-Mixteca_Ars_Summum.JPG 1.5x, 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class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mexico" title="Portal:Mexico">Mexico portal</a></span></li><li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/MAYA-g-log-cal-D10-Ok.svg/30px-MAYA-g-log-cal-D10-Ok.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/MAYA-g-log-cal-D10-Ok.svg/45px-MAYA-g-log-cal-D10-Ok.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/MAYA-g-log-cal-D10-Ok.svg/60px-MAYA-g-log-cal-D10-Ok.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="319" data-file-height="299" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Portal:Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples of the Americas portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acala_Ch%CA%BCol" title="Acala Chʼol">Acala Chʼol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinamita" title="Chinamita">Chinamita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genetic_history_of_indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" class="mw-redirect" title="Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas">Genetic history of indigenous peoples of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_the_Americas" title="Indigenous peoples of the Americas">Indigenous peoples of the Americas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejache" title="Kejache">Kejache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakandon_Ch%CA%BCol" title="Lakandon Chʼol">Lakandon Chʼol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mayan_languages" title="List of Mayan languages">List of Mayan languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manche_Ch%CA%BCol" title="Manche Chʼol">Manche Chʼol</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-total-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-total_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-total_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFLorenzo_OchoaPatricia_Martel(dir.)2002" class="citation book cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Lorenzo Ochoa; Patricia Martel(dir.) (2002). <i>Lengua y cultura mayas</i> (in Spanish). UNAM. p. 170. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9703200893" title="Special:BookSources/9703200893"><bdi>9703200893</bdi></a>. <q><i>El "Pueblo Maya" lo constituyen actualmente algo menos de 6 millones de hablantes de 25 idiomas</i></q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Lengua+y+cultura+mayas&rft.pages=170&rft.pub=UNAM&rft.date=2002&rft.isbn=9703200893&rft.au=Lorenzo+Ochoa&rft.au=Patricia+Martel%28dir.%29&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNations,_James_D.2010" class="citation book cs1">Nations, James D. 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México"</a>. Cdi.gob.mx<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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July 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maya+in+the+US+%E2%80%93+the+Maya+Heritage+Community+Project+%28By+Alan+LeBaron%2C+PHD%29&rft.date=2018-07&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flcfgeorgia.org%2Fnews%2Fmaya-in-us-the-maya-heritage-community-project%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-UN_Demographic_Yearbooks-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-UN_Demographic_Yearbooks_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://unstats.un.org/unsd/demographic/products/dyb/dyb2.htm#2001">UN Demographic Yearbooks</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110812062733/http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/dms20uc/dynamicdata/docs/20110505004542_2.pdf">"Archived copy"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.statisticsbelize.org.bz/dms20uc/dynamicdata/docs/20110505004542_2.pdf">the original</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> on 2011-08-12<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2012-06-07</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Archived+copy&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.statisticsbelize.org.bz%2Fdms20uc%2Fdynamicdata%2Fdocs%2F20110505004542_2.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_archived_copy_as_title" title="Category:CS1 maint: archived copy as title">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minorityrights.org/communities/indigenous-peoples-2/">"National Salvadoran Indigenous Coordination Council (CCNIS) and CONCULTURA (National Council for Art and Culture at the Ministry of Education )"</a>. <i>Minority Rights Group</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Minority+Rights+Group&rft.atitle=National+Salvadoran+Indigenous+Coordination+Council+%28CCNIS%29+and+CONCULTURA+%28National+Council+for+Art+and+Culture+at+the+Ministry+of+Education+%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fminorityrights.org%2Fcommunities%2Findigenous-peoples-2%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://minorityrights.org/country/honduras/">"Honduras - World Directory of Minorities & Indigenous Peoples"</a>. <i>Minority Rights Group</i>. 2015-06-19<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2022-10-20</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Minority+Rights+Group&rft.atitle=Honduras+-+World+Directory+of+Minorities+%26+Indigenous+Peoples&rft.date=2015-06-19&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fminorityrights.org%2Fcountry%2Fhonduras%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRestallAsselbergs2007" class="citation book cs1">Restall, Matthew; Asselbergs, Florine (2007). <i>Invading Guatemala : Spanish, Nahua, and Maya Accounts of the Conquest Wars</i>. Pennsylvania State University Press. p. 4. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780271027586" title="Special:BookSources/9780271027586"><bdi>9780271027586</bdi></a>. <q>We call this civilization "Maya", although the term would not have meant anything to the Mayas in Guatemala (it was a Yucatec Maya word) and there was never a common sense of identity or political unity among all the various groups we call Maya.</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Invading+Guatemala+%3A+Spanish%2C+Nahua%2C+and+Maya+Accounts+of+the+Conquest+Wars&rft.pages=4&rft.pub=Pennsylvania+State+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780271027586&rft.aulast=Restall&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft.au=Asselbergs%2C+Florine&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTERestall200467-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTERestall200467_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFRestall2004">Restall 2004</a>, p. 67.<span class="error harv-error" style="display: none; font-size:100%"> sfn error: no target: CITEREFRestall2004 (<a href="/wiki/Category:Harv_and_Sfn_template_errors" title="Category:Harv and Sfn template errors">help</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFOSEA" class="citation web cs1">OSEA, Open School of Ethnography and Anthropology. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osea-cite.org/program/maya_or_mayans.php">"Maya or Mayans? On Correct Use of Terms"</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2 May</span> 2011</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Maya+or+Mayans%3F+On+Correct+Use+of+Terms&rft.aulast=OSEA&rft.aufirst=Open+School+of+Ethnography+and+Anthropology&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osea-cite.org%2Fprogram%2Fmaya_or_mayans.php&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span> Lincoln, Charles E., <i>Ethnicity and Social Organization at Chichen Itza, Yucatan, Mexico.</i> (PhD. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Harvard University) Advisors Mathews, Peter, and Gordon R. Willey. (1990). See. Lincoln, Charles E., <i>The Chronology of Chichen Itza: A Review of the Literature. In Late Lowland Maya Civilization: Classic to Postclassic</i>, edited by Jeremy A. Sabloff and E. Wyllys Andrews V, pp. 141-156. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. (1986). </span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastañeda2008" class="citation journal cs1">Castañeda, Quetzil E. (7 May 2008). "<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>'We Are Not Indigenous!': An Introduction to the Maya Identity of Yucatan". <i>Journal of Latin American Anthropology</i>. <b>9</b> (1): 36–63. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1525%2Fjlca.2004.9.1.36">10.1525/jlca.2004.9.1.36</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Latin+American+Anthropology&rft.atitle=%27We+Are+Not+Indigenous%21%27%3A+An+Introduction+to+the+Maya+Identity+of+Yucatan&rft.volume=9&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=36-63&rft.date=2008-05-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1525%2Fjlca.2004.9.1.36&rft.aulast=Casta%C3%B1eda&rft.aufirst=Quetzil+E.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110818052615/http://i09.cgpublisher.com/proposals/330/index_html">Ethnoexodus: Maya Topographic Ruptures</a>. I09.cgpublisher.com (2009-06-05). Retrieved on 2014-04-27.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastillo_Cocom2007" class="citation journal cs1">Castillo Cocom, Juan A. (2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.osea-cite.org/class/readings/Castillo-Cocom_Maya_Scenarios.pdf">"Maya Scenarios"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Kroeber Papers</i>. <b>96</b>: 13–35.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Kroeber+Papers&rft.atitle=Maya+Scenarios&rft.volume=96&rft.pages=13-35&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Castillo+Cocom&rft.aufirst=Juan+A.&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.osea-cite.org%2Fclass%2Freadings%2FCastillo-Cocom_Maya_Scenarios.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ambconq-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ambconq_17-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ambconq_17-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="/wiki/Inga_Clendinnen" title="Inga Clendinnen">Clendinnen, Inga</a> (1989) <i>Ambivalent Conquests: Maya and Spaniard in Yucatán, 1517–1570</i>. p. 34. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-521-37981-4" title="Special:BookSources/0-521-37981-4">0-521-37981-4</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Restall, Matthew (1998). <i>Maya Conquistador</i>. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-09-09</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=archive.is&rft.atitle=Guatemala%27s+top+court+annuls+Rios+Montt+genocide+conviction&rft.date=2013-06-16&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fca.news.yahoo.com%2Fguatemala-court-annuls-rios-montt-genocide-conviction-020715897.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAgencies2013" class="citation news cs1">Agencies (2013-05-20). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2013/may/21/rios-montt-genocide-case-collapses">"Ríos Montt genocide case collapses"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/0261-3077">0261-3077</a><span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Chicago: University of Chicago Press.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Ethnicity%2C+Inc.&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.aulast=Comaroff&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft.au=Comaroff%2C+Jean&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStronza2001" class="citation journal cs1">Stronza, Amanda (October 2001). "Anthropology of Tourism: Forging New Ground for Ecotourism and Other Alternatives". <i>Annual Review of Anthropology</i>. <b>30</b> (1): 261–283. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.anthro.30.1.261">10.1146/annurev.anthro.30.1.261</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:30966868">30966868</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Anthropology&rft.atitle=Anthropology+of+Tourism%3A+Forging+New+Ground+for+Ecotourism+and+Other+Alternatives&rft.volume=30&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=261-283&rft.date=2001-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.anthro.30.1.261&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A30966868%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Stronza&rft.aufirst=Amanda&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLefebvre1974" class="citation book cs1">Lefebvre, Henri (1974). <i>The Production of Space</i>. London: Wiley-Blackwell.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Production+of+Space&rft.place=London&rft.pub=Wiley-Blackwell&rft.date=1974&rft.aulast=Lefebvre&rft.aufirst=Henri&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-47">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSoper2008" class="citation book cs1">Soper, Anne K. (2008). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=vNnCnURw2O4C&pg=PA51">"Mauritian Landscapes of Culture, Identity, and Tourism"</a>. In Knudsen, Daniel C. (ed.). <i>Landscape, Tourism, and Meaning</i>. Ashgate Publishing. pp. 51–64. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4943-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7546-4943-4"><bdi>978-0-7546-4943-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Mauritian+Landscapes+of+Culture%2C+Identity%2C+and+Tourism&rft.btitle=Landscape%2C+Tourism%2C+and+Meaning&rft.pages=51-64&rft.pub=Ashgate+Publishing&rft.date=2008&rft.isbn=978-0-7546-4943-4&rft.aulast=Soper&rft.aufirst=Anne+K.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DvNnCnURw2O4C%26pg%3DPA51&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSmith2007" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Laurajane_Smith" title="Laurajane Smith">Smith, Laurajane</a> (2007). <i>Cultural Heritage: Critical Concepts in Media and Cultural Studies</i>. London: Routledge. p. 104.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cultural+Heritage%3A+Critical+Concepts+in+Media+and+Cultural+Studies&rft.pages=104&rft.pub=London%3A+Routledge&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Smith&rft.aufirst=Laurajane&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLyonWells2012" class="citation book cs1">Lyon, Sarah M.; Wells, E. Christian (2012). <i>Global Tourism: Cultural Heritage and Economic Encounters</i>. Rowman Altamira. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-2092-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7591-2092-1"><bdi>978-0-7591-2092-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Global+Tourism%3A+Cultural+Heritage+and+Economic+Encounters&rft.pub=Rowman+Altamira&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-7591-2092-1&rft.aulast=Lyon&rft.aufirst=Sarah+M.&rft.au=Wells%2C+E.+Christian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citing_sources" title="Wikipedia:Citing sources"><span title="This citation requires a reference to the specific page or range of pages in which the material appears. (November 2020)">page needed</span></a></i>]</sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Quote taken from an interview with her by a representative of a Central American human rights organization (Riis-Hansen 1992). Menchú gave this interview shortly before she was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliography">Bibliography</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Bibliography"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_Akkeren1999" class="citation journal cs1">van Akkeren, Ruud (July 1999). "Sacrifice at the Maize Tree: <i>Rabʼinal Achi</i> in its historical and symbolic context". <i>Ancient Mesoamerica</i>. <b>10</b> (2): 281–295. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2Fs0956536199102104">10.1017/s0956536199102104</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:162123502">162123502</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Ancient+Mesoamerica&rft.atitle=Sacrifice+at+the+Maize+Tree%3A+Rab%CA%BCinal+Achi+in+its+historical+and+symbolic+context&rft.volume=10&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=281-295&rft.date=1999-07&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2Fs0956536199102104&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A162123502%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=van+Akkeren&rft.aufirst=Ruud&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFChiappari2002" class="citation journal cs1">Chiappari, Christopher L. (March 2002). "Toward a Maya Theology of Liberation: The Reformulation of a 'Traditional' Religion in the Global Context". <i>Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion</i>. <b>41</b> (1): 47–67. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-5906.00099">10.1111/1468-5906.00099</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+for+the+Scientific+Study+of+Religion&rft.atitle=Toward+a+Maya+Theology+of+Liberation%3A+The+Reformulation+of+a+%27Traditional%27+Religion+in+the+Global+Context&rft.volume=41&rft.issue=1&rft.pages=47-67&rft.date=2002-03&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2F1468-5906.00099&rft.aulast=Chiappari&rft.aufirst=Christopher+L.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGrube,_Nikolai2006" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Grube" title="Nikolai Grube">Grube, Nikolai</a> (2006). "Maya Today – From Indios Deprived of Rights to the Maya Movement". In Nikolai Grube; Eva Eggebrecht; Matthias Seidel (eds.). <i>Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest</i>. Cologne: Könemann Press. pp. 417–425. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8331-1957-8" title="Special:BookSources/3-8331-1957-8"><bdi>3-8331-1957-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/71165439">71165439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maya+Today+%E2%80%93+From+Indios+Deprived+of+Rights+to+the+Maya+Movement&rft.btitle=Maya%3A+Divine+Kings+of+the+Rain+Forest&rft.place=Cologne&rft.pages=417-425&rft.pub=K%C3%B6nemann+Press&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F71165439&rft.isbn=3-8331-1957-8&rft.au=Grube%2C+Nikolai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <dl><dd>Mooney, James, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHerbermann1913" class="citation encyclopaedia cs1">Herbermann, Charles, ed. (1913). <span class="cs1-ws-icon" title="s:Catholic Encyclopedia (1913)/Maya Indians"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia_(1913)/Maya_Indians">"Maya Indians" </a></span>. <i><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Encyclopedia" title="Catholic Encyclopedia">Catholic Encyclopedia</a></i>. New York: Robert Appleton Company.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maya+Indians&rft.btitle=Catholic+Encyclopedia&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Robert+Appleton+Company&rft.date=1913&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></dd> <dd>Restall, Matthew (1997). <i>The Maya World. Yucatecan Culture and Society, 1550–1850</i>. Stanford: Stanford University Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3658-9" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-8047-3658-9">978-0-8047-3658-9</a>.</dd></dl> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRiis-Hansen,_Anders1992" class="citation web cs1">Riis-Hansen, Anders (1992). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.indigenouspeople.net/menchu2.htm">"Interview with Rigoberta Menchu Tum"</a>. Commission for the Defense of Human Rights in Central America (CODEHUCA)<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2006-07-03</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Interview+with+Rigoberta+Menchu+Tum&rft.pub=Commission+for+the+Defense+of+Human+Rights+in+Central+America+%28CODEHUCA%29&rft.date=1992&rft.au=Riis-Hansen%2C+Anders&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.indigenouspeople.net%2Fmenchu2.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWarren,_Kay_B.1998" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Kay_B._Warren" class="mw-redirect" title="Kay B. Warren">Warren, Kay B.</a> (1998). <i>Indigenous Movements and Their Critics: Pan-Maya Activism in Guatemala</i>. Princeton: <a href="/wiki/Princeton_University_Press" title="Princeton University Press">Princeton University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-691-05882-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-691-05882-5"><bdi>978-0-691-05882-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Indigenous+Movements+and+Their+Critics%3A+Pan-Maya+Activism+in+Guatemala&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=1998&rft.isbn=978-0-691-05882-5&rft.au=Warren%2C+Kay+B.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239549316"><div class="refbegin refbegin-hanging-indents" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVoss,_Alexander2006" class="citation book cs1">Voss, Alexander (2006). "Astronomy and Mathematics". In <a href="/wiki/Nikolai_Grube" title="Nikolai Grube">Nikolai Grube</a> (ed.). <i>Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest</i>. Eva Eggebrecht and Matthias Seidel (assistant). Cologne: Könemann. pp. 130–143. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8331-1957-8" title="Special:BookSources/3-8331-1957-8"><bdi>3-8331-1957-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/71165439">71165439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Astronomy+and+Mathematics&rft.btitle=Maya%3A+Divine+Kings+of+the+Rain+Forest&rft.place=Cologne&rft.pages=130-143&rft.pub=K%C3%B6nemann&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F71165439&rft.isbn=3-8331-1957-8&rft.au=Voss%2C+Alexander&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWagner,_Elizabeth2006" class="citation book cs1">Wagner, Elizabeth (2006). "Maya Creation Myths and Cosmography". In Nikolai Grube; Eva Eggebrecht; Matthias Seidel (eds.). <i>Maya: Divine Kings of the Rain Forest</i>. Cologne: Könemann. pp. 280–293. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/3-8331-1957-8" title="Special:BookSources/3-8331-1957-8"><bdi>3-8331-1957-8</bdi></a>. <a href="/wiki/OCLC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="OCLC (identifier)">OCLC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/oclc/71165439">71165439</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Maya+Creation+Myths+and+Cosmography&rft.btitle=Maya%3A+Divine+Kings+of+the+Rain+Forest&rft.place=Cologne&rft.pages=280-293&rft.pub=K%C3%B6nemann&rft.date=2006&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F71165439&rft.isbn=3-8331-1957-8&rft.au=Wagner%2C+Elizabeth&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCastañedaManzDavenport2017" class="citation journal cs1">Castañeda, Xóchitl; Manz, Beatriz; Davenport, Allison (30 June 2017). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://migracionesinternacionales.colef.mx/index.php/migracionesinternacionales/article/view/1285">"Mexicanization: A Survival Strategy for Guatemalan Mayans in the San Francisco Bay Area"</a>. <i>Migraciones Internacionales</i>. <b>1</b> (3): 103–123. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.17428%2Frmi.v1i3.1285">10.17428/rmi.v1i3.1285</a> (inactive 1 November 2024).</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Migraciones+Internacionales&rft.atitle=Mexicanization%3A+A+Survival+Strategy+for+Guatemalan+Mayans+in+the+San+Francisco+Bay+Area&rft.volume=1&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=103-123&rft.date=2017-06-30&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.17428%2Frmi.v1i3.1285&rft.aulast=Casta%C3%B1eda&rft.aufirst=X%C3%B3chitl&rft.au=Manz%2C+Beatriz&rft.au=Davenport%2C+Allison&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmigracionesinternacionales.colef.mx%2Findex.php%2Fmigracionesinternacionales%2Farticle%2Fview%2F1285&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_journal" title="Template:Cite journal">cite journal</a>}}</code>: CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024 (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_DOI_inactive_as_of_November_2024" title="Category:CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of November 2024">link</a>)</span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBazo_Vienrich2018" class="citation journal cs1">Bazo Vienrich, Alessandra (13 December 2018). "Indigenous Immigrants from Latin America (IILA): Racial/Ethnic Identity in the U.S.". <i>Sociology Compass</i>. <b>13</b>: e12644. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fsoc4.12644">10.1111/soc4.12644</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:239539799">239539799</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Sociology+Compass&rft.atitle=Indigenous+Immigrants+from+Latin+America+%28IILA%29%3A+Racial%2FEthnic+Identity+in+the+U.S.&rft.volume=13&rft.pages=e12644&rft.date=2018-12-13&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1111%2Fsoc4.12644&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A239539799%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Bazo+Vienrich&rft.aufirst=Alessandra&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maya_peoples&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrownOdem2011" class="citation news cs1">Brown, William; Odem, Mary (16 February 2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://southernspaces.org/2011/living-across-borders-guatemala-maya-immigrants-us-south/">"Living Across Borders: Guatemala Maya Immigrants in the US South"</a>. <i>Southern Spaces</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Southern+Spaces&rft.atitle=Living+Across+Borders%3A+Guatemala+Maya+Immigrants+in+the+US+South&rft.date=2011-02-16&rft.aulast=Brown&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Odem%2C+Mary&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fsouthernspaces.org%2F2011%2Fliving-across-borders-guatemala-maya-immigrants-us-south%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMaya+peoples" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid 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href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Maya" title="Template:Maya"><abbr title="View this template" style="color:white">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Maya" title="Template talk:Maya"><abbr title="Discuss this template" style="color:white">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Maya" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Maya"><abbr title="Edit this template" style="color:white">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Maya_civilization" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Maya_civilization" title="Maya civilization"><span style="color:white">Maya civilization</span></a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Maya_civilization" title="History of the Maya civilization"><span style="color:white">History</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Preclassic_Maya" title="Preclassic Maya">Preclassic Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Maya_collapse" title="Classic Maya collapse">Classic Maya collapse</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_the_Maya" title="Spanish conquest of the Maya">Spanish conquest</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Chiapas" title="Spanish conquest of Chiapas">Chiapas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Guatemala" title="Spanish conquest of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Pet%C3%A9n" title="Spanish conquest of Petén">Petén</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_conquest_of_Yucat%C3%A1n" title="Spanish conquest of Yucatán">Yucatán</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png/80px-Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png" decoding="async" width="80" height="114" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png/120px-Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3d/Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png/160px-Codex_Lacambalam_l%C3%A1mina_15.png 2x" data-file-width="1432" data-file-height="2032" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maya_architecture" title="Maya architecture">Architecture</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/E-Group" title="E-Group">E-Group</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triadic_pyramid" title="Triadic pyramid">Triadic pyramid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twin-pyramid_complex" title="Twin-pyramid complex">Twin-pyramid complex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayan_Revival_architecture" title="Mayan Revival architecture">Revival</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_art" title="Ancient Maya art">Art</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_graffiti" title="Ancient Maya graffiti">Graffiti</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_ceramics" title="Maya ceramics">Ceramics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayan_cities" title="Mayan cities">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Maya_cuisine" title="Ancient Maya cuisine">Cuisine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_dance" title="Maya dance">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_the_Maya_civilization" title="Economy of the Maya civilization">Economy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Trade_in_Maya_civilization" title="Trade in Maya civilization">Trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maritime_trade_in_the_Maya_civilization" title="Maritime trade in the Maya civilization">Maritime trade</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayan_languages" title="Mayan languages">Languages</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Classic_Maya_language" title="Classic Maya language">Classic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_script" title="Maya script">Script</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Mayan_languages" title="List of Mayan languages">List</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayanist" title="Mayanist">Mayanist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_medicine" title="Maya medicine">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_music" title="Maya music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_mythology" title="Maya mythology">Mythology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_numerals" title="Maya numerals">Numerals</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">People</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maya_sites" title="List of Maya sites">Sites</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_stelae" title="Maya stelae">Stelae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_textiles" title="Maya textiles">Textiles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_warfare" title="Maya warfare">Warfare</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maya_society" title="Maya society"><span style="color:white">Society</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Childhood_in_Maya_society" title="Childhood in Maya society">Childhood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Women_in_Maya_society" title="Women in Maya society">Women</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Midwifery_in_Maya_society" title="Midwifery in Maya society">Midwifery</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_religion" title="Maya religion">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maya_priesthood" title="Maya priesthood">Priesthood</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sacrifice_in_Maya_culture" title="Sacrifice in Maya culture">Sacrifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_sacrifice_in_Maya_culture" title="Human sacrifice in Maya culture">Human sacrifice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_death_rituals" title="Maya death rituals">Death rituals</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_social_classes" title="Maya social classes">Social classes</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajaw" title="Ajaw">Ajaw</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_households" title="Maya households">Households</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maya_calendar" title="Maya calendar"><span style="color:white">Calendar</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ajaw" title="Ajaw">Ajaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baktun" title="Baktun">Baktun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haab%CA%BC" title="Haabʼ">Haabʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCatun" title="Kʼatun">Kʼatun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCin" title="Kʼin">Kʼin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tun_(Maya_calendar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tun (Maya calendar)">Tun</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzolk%CA%BCin" title="Tzolkʼin">Tzolkʼin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Winal" title="Winal">Winal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%">Literature</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Annals_of_the_Cakchiquels" title="Annals of the Cakchiquels">Annals of the Cakchiquels</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Chilam_Balam" title="Chilam Balam">Chilam Balam</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_codices" title="Maya codices">Codices</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dresden_Codex" title="Dresden Codex"><i>Dresden</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maya_Codex_of_Mexico" title="Maya Codex of Mexico"><i>Grolier</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrid_Codex_(Maya)" title="Madrid Codex (Maya)"><i>Madrid</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paris_Codex" title="Paris Codex"><i>Paris</i></a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Popol_Vuh" title="Popol Vuh">Popol Vuh</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Rabinal_Ach%C3%AD" title="Rabinal Achí">Rabinal Achí</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Ritual_of_the_Bacabs" title="Ritual of the Bacabs">Ritual of the Bacabs</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Songs_of_Dzitbalch%C3%A9" title="Songs of Dzitbalché">Songs of Dzitbalché</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADtulo_C%CA%BCoyoi" title="Título Cʼoyoi">Título Cʼoyoi</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/T%C3%ADtulo_de_Totonicap%C3%A1n" title="Título de Totonicapán">Título de Totonicapán</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_Maya_gods_and_supernatural_beings" title="List of Maya gods and supernatural beings"><span style="color:white">Deities</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <dl><dt>Classic</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Bacab" title="Bacab">Bacab</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chaac" title="Chaac">Chaac</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maya_death_gods" title="Maya death gods">Death gods</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/God_L" title="God L">God L</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Goddess_I" title="Goddess I">Goddess I</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maya_Hero_Twins" title="Maya Hero Twins">Hero Twins</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Howler_monkey_gods" title="Howler monkey gods">Howler monkey gods</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Itzamna" title="Itzamna">Itzamna</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ixchel" title="Ixchel">Ixchel</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maya_jaguar_gods" title="Maya jaguar gods">Jaguar gods</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCawiil" title="Kʼawiil">Kʼawiil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kinich_Ahau" title="Kinich Ahau">Kinich Ahau</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maya_maize_god" title="Maya maize god">Maize god</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Mam_(Maya_mythology)" title="Mam (Maya mythology)">Mam</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Maya_moon_goddess" title="Maya moon goddess">Moon goddess</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yopaat" title="Yopaat">Yopaat</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt>Post-Classic</dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Acat_(deity)" title="Acat (deity)">Acat</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ah-Muzen-Cab" title="Ah-Muzen-Cab">Ah-Muzen-Cab</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Akna_(Maya_mythology)" class="mw-redirect" title="Akna (Maya mythology)">Akna</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Chin_(deity)" title="Chin (deity)">Chin</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Ixtab" title="Ixtab">Ixtab</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Kukulkan" title="Kukulkan">Kukulkan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Yum_Kaax" title="Yum Kaax">Yum Kaax</a></dd></dl> <dl><dt><i>Popol Vuh</i></dt> <dd><a href="/wiki/Awilix" title="Awilix">Awilix</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Camazotz" title="Camazotz">Camazotz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Hun_Hunahpu" title="Hun Hunahpu">Hun Hunahpu</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Huracan" title="Huracan">Huracan</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Jacawitz" title="Jacawitz">Jacawitz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCuq%CA%BCumatz" title="Qʼuqʼumatz">Qʼuqʼumatz</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Tohil" title="Tohil">Tohil</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Vucub_Caquix" title="Vucub Caquix">Vucub Caquix</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Xmucane_and_Xpiacoc" title="Xmucane and Xpiacoc">Xmucane and Xpiacoc</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Xquic" title="Xquic">Xquic</a></dd> <dd><a href="/wiki/Zipacna" title="Zipacna">Zipacna</a></dd></dl> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Maya_Kings_and_Queens" class="mw-redirect" title="Maya Kings and Queens"><span style="color:white">Kings</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/B%CA%BCalaj_Chan_K%CA%BCawiil" title="Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil">Bʼalaj Chan Kʼawiil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ha%CA%BC_K%CA%BCin_Xook" title="Haʼ Kʼin Xook">Haʼ Kʼin Xook</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itzam_K%CA%BCan_Ahk_II" title="Itzam Kʼan Ahk II">Itzam Kʼan Ahk II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCak%CA%BC_Tiliw_Chan_Yopaat" title="Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat">Kʼakʼ Tiliw Chan Yopaat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCinich_Janaab%CA%BC_Pakal" title="Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal">Kʼinich Janaabʼ Pakal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCinich_Yat_Ahk_II" title="Kʼinich Yat Ahk II">Kʼinich Yat Ahk II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCinich_Yax_K%CA%BCuk%CA%BC_Mo%CA%BC" title="Kʼinich Yax Kʼukʼ Moʼ">Kʼinich Yax Kʼukʼ Moʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCinich_Yo%CA%BCnal_Ahk_I" title="Kʼinich Yoʼnal Ahk I">Kʼinich Yoʼnal Ahk I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uaxaclajuun_Ub%CA%BCaah_K%CA%BCawiil" title="Uaxaclajuun Ubʼaah Kʼawiil">Uaxaclajuun Ubʼaah Kʼawiil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yo%CA%BCnal_Ahk_III" title="Yoʼnal Ahk III">Yoʼnal Ahk III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuknoom_Ch%CA%BCeen_II" title="Yuknoom Chʼeen II">Yuknoom Chʼeen II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yuknoom_Yich%CA%BCaak_K%CA%BCahk%CA%BC" title="Yuknoom Yichʼaak Kʼahkʼ">Yuknoom Yichʼaak Kʼahkʼ</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background-color: #50C878; color:white;;width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Women_rulers_in_Maya_society" title="Women rulers in Maya society"><span style="color:white">Queens</span></a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Eveningstar" title="Lady Eveningstar">Lady Eveningstar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_Itzan" title="Lady of Itzan">Lady of Itzan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_of_Tikal" title="Lady of Tikal">Lady of Tikal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lady_Xoc" title="Lady Xoc">Lady Xoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sak_K%CA%BCuk%CA%BC" title="Sak Kʼukʼ">Sak Kʼukʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wak_Chanil_Ajaw" title="Wak Chanil Ajaw">Wak Chanil Ajaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yohl_Ik%CA%BCnal" title="Yohl Ikʼnal">Yohl Ikʼnal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239009302"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="3"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" title="Template:Indigenous peoples of Mexico"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" title="Template talk:Indigenous peoples of Mexico"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Indigenous peoples of Mexico"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Indigenous_peoples_of_Mexico" title="Indigenous peoples of Mexico">Indigenous peoples of Mexico</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">More than 100,000 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinantec_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Chinantec people">Chinantec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%CA%BCol_people" title="Chʼol people">Chʼol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huastec_people" title="Huastec people">Huastec</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazahua_people" title="Mazahua people">Mazahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazatec" title="Mazatec">Mazatec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixe_people" title="Mixe people">Mixe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mixtec" title="Mixtec">Mixtec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nahuas" title="Nahuas">Nahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otomi" title="Otomi">Otomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pur%C3%A9pecha" title="Purépecha">Purépecha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rar%C3%A1muri" title="Rarámuri">Rarámuri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tlapanec_people" title="Tlapanec people">Tlapanec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totonac" title="Totonac">Totonac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzeltal_people" title="Tzeltal people">Tzeltal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tzotzil" title="Tzotzil">Tzotzil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zapotec_peoples" title="Zapotec peoples">Zapotec</a></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="4" style="width:1px;padding:0 0 0 2px"><div><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/32px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="18" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/48px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fc/Flag_of_Mexico.svg/64px-Flag_of_Mexico.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="980" data-file-height="560" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Mexico" title="Portal:Mexico">Mexico portal</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">20,000 – 100,000 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amuzgos" title="Amuzgos">Amuzgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chatinos" title="Chatinos">Chatino</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chontal_Maya" title="Chontal Maya">Chontal Maya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cora_people" title="Cora people">Cora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cuicatecs" title="Cuicatecs">Cuicatec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huave_people" title="Huave people">Huave</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam_people" title="Mam people">Mam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayo_people" title="Mayo people">Mayo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Popoluca" title="Popoluca">Popoluca</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepehu%C3%A1n" title="Tepehuán">Tepehuán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tojolabal_people" title="Tojolabal people">Tojolabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Triqui" title="Triqui">Triqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Huichol" title="Huichol">Wixarika</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yaqui" title="Yaqui">Yaqui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoque_people" title="Zoque people">Zoque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1,000 – 20,000 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Akatek_people" title="Akatek people">Akatek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chichimeca_Jonaz_people" title="Chichimeca Jonaz people">Chichimeca Jonaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocho_people" title="Chocho people">Chocho</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuj_people" title="Chuj people">Chuj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guarijio_people" title="Guarijio people">Guarijio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakaltek_people" title="Jakaltek people">Jakaltek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lacandon_people" title="Lacandon people">Lacandon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexicaneros" title="Mexicaneros">Mexicanero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ocuiltec_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Ocuiltec people">Ocuiltec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pame_people" title="Pame people">Pame</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pima_Bajo_people" title="Pima Bajo people">Pima Bajo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCanjob%CA%BCal_people" title="Qʼanjobʼal people">Qʼanjobʼal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC" title="Qʼeqchiʼ">Qʼeqchiʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tacuate" title="Tacuate">Tacuate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tepehuas" title="Tepehuas">Tepehua</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Less than 1,000 people</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Awakatek_people" title="Awakatek people">Awakatek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chiricahua" title="Chiricahua">Chiricahua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cochim%C3%AD" title="Cochimí">Cochimí</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cucap%C3%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="Cucapá">Cucapá</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixcatecos" title="Ixcatecos">Ixcatecos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixil_people" title="Ixil people">Ixil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_people" title="Kaqchikel people">Kaqchikel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_people" title="Kʼicheʼ people">Kʼicheʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_Kickapoo" title="Mexican Kickapoo">Kikapú</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiliwa_people" title="Kiliwa people">Kiliwa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kumeyaay" title="Kumeyaay">Kumiai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lipan_Apache_people" title="Lipan Apache people">Lipán</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mescalero" title="Mescalero">Mezcalero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Motozintlecos" title="Motozintlecos">Motozintleco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opata_people" title="Opata people">Opata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paipai_people" title="Paipai people">Paipai</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seri_people" title="Seri people">Seri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tektitek_people" title="Tektitek people">Teko</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tohono_O%CA%BCodham" title="Tohono Oʼodham">Tohono Oʼodham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Apache_people" title="Western Apache people">Western Apache</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Guatemala" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Guatemala" title="Template:Ancestry and ethnicity in Guatemala"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Guatemala" title="Template talk:Ancestry and ethnicity in Guatemala"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Guatemala" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancestry and ethnicity in Guatemala"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=&#124;link=_Ancestry_and_ethnicity_in_Guatemala" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/23px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/35px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Flag_of_Guatemala.svg/46px-Flag_of_Guatemala.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="960" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Guatemala#Ethnic_groups" title="Demographics of Guatemala">Ancestry and ethnicity</a> in <a href="/wiki/Guatemala" title="Guatemala">Guatemala</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>Ancestral background of <a href="/wiki/Guatemalans" title="Guatemalans">Guatemalan citizens</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guatemalan native groups<br /> (<a class="mw-selflink selflink">Maya</a> and others)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achi_people" title="Achi people">Achi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Akatek_people" title="Akatek people">Akatek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Awakatek_people" title="Awakatek people">Awakatek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chuj_people" title="Chuj people">Chuj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ch%CA%BCorti%CA%BC_people" title="Chʼortiʼ people">Chʼortiʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Itza_people" title="Itza people">Itza</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ixil_people" title="Ixil people">Ixil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jakaltek_people" title="Jakaltek people">Jakaltek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaqchikel_people" title="Kaqchikel people">Kaqchikel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%CA%BCiche%CA%BC_people" title="Kʼicheʼ people">Kʼicheʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mam_people" title="Mam people">Mam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mopan_people" title="Mopan people">Mopan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poqomam_people" title="Poqomam people">Poqomam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Poqomchi%CA%BC_people" title="Poqomchiʼ people">Poqomchiʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCanjob%CA%BCal_people" title="Qʼanjobʼal people">Qʼanjobʼal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Q%CA%BCeqchi%CA%BC" title="Qʼeqchiʼ">Qʼeqchiʼ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sakapultek_people" title="Sakapultek people">Sakapultek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sipakapense_people" title="Sipakapense people">Sipakapense</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tektitek_people" title="Tektitek people">Tektitek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tz%CA%BCutujil_people" title="Tzʼutujil people">Tzʼutujil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uspantek_people" title="Uspantek people">Uspantek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Xinca_people" title="Xinca people">Xinca</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former and extinct</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acala_Ch%CA%BCol" title="Acala Chʼol">Acala Chʼol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alaguilac_people" title="Alaguilac people">Alaguilac</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinamita" title="Chinamita">Chinamita</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kejache" title="Kejache">Kejache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kowoj" title="Kowoj">Kowoj</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lakandon_Ch%CA%BCol" title="Lakandon Chʼol">Lakandon Chʼol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Manche_Ch%CA%BCol" title="Manche Chʼol">Manche Chʼol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pipil_people" title="Pipil people">Pipil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tojolabal_people" title="Tojolabal people">Tojolabal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toquegua" title="Toquegua">Toquegua</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yalain" title="Yalain">Yalain</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Guatemalan mestizo</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mestizos_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mestizos in Guatemala">Mestizo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ladino_people" title="Ladino people">Ladino</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Descendants of Europeans (white or <a href="/wiki/Criollo_people" title="Criollo people">Criollo</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/French_Guatemalan" title="French Guatemalan">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/German_Guatemalan" title="German Guatemalan">German</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Guatemalans" title="Italian Guatemalans">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Guatemalan" title="Russian Guatemalan">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_immigration_to_Guatemala" title="Spanish immigration to Guatemala">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Swiss_Guatemalan" title="Swiss Guatemalan">Swiss</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Descendants of Asians</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Latin_America_and_the_Caribbean" title="History of the Jews in Latin America and the Caribbean">Jewish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Koreans_in_Guatemala" title="Koreans in Guatemala">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=List_of_Lebanese_people_in_Guatemala&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="List of Lebanese people in Guatemala (page does not exist)">Lebanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romani_people" title="Romani people">Romani</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Afro-Guatemalans" title="Afro-Guatemalans">Afro-descendants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garifuna" title="Garifuna">Garifuna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mulatto" title="Mulatto">Mulatto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zambo" title="Zambo">Zambo</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Americas</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Americans_in_Guatemala" title="Americans in Guatemala">Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mexicans_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Mexicans in Guatemala">Mexicans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvadorans_in_Guatemala" class="mw-redirect" title="Salvadorans in Guatemala">Salvadorans</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox 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//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/sh85082409">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Mayové"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ph117066&CON_LNG=ENG">Czech Republic</a></span></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://libris.kb.se/b8nr0lmv18mbmfs">Sweden</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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