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mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Vortiporius</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">6th-century King of Dyfed</div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LDDyfedCantrefi.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/LDDyfedCantrefi.png/170px-LDDyfedCantrefi.png" decoding="async" width="170" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/LDDyfedCantrefi.png/255px-LDDyfedCantrefi.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/36/LDDyfedCantrefi.png/340px-LDDyfedCantrefi.png 2x" data-file-width="1344" data-file-height="959" /></a><figcaption>Map showing Dyfed, after the late 7th century, showing its seven cantrefi.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Wales.post-Roman.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wales.post-Roman.jpg/170px-Wales.post-Roman.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wales.post-Roman.jpg/255px-Wales.post-Roman.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/29/Wales.post-Roman.jpg/340px-Wales.post-Roman.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1717" data-file-height="1794" /></a><figcaption>Map showing the location of Dyfed in southwesternmost Wales.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Vortiporius</b> or <b>Vortipor</b> (<a href="/wiki/Old_Welsh_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Old Welsh language">Old Welsh</a>: <i lang="owl">Guortepir</i>, <a href="/wiki/Middle_Welsh_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Middle Welsh language">Middle Welsh</a>: <i lang="wlm">Gwrdeber</i> or <i>Gwerthefyr</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> was a king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dyfed" title="Kingdom of Dyfed">Dyfed</a> in the early to mid-6th century. He ruled over an area approximately corresponding to modern <a href="/wiki/Pembrokeshire" title="Pembrokeshire">Pembrokeshire</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Carmarthenshire" title="Carmarthenshire">Carmarthenshire</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a>. Records from this era are scant, and virtually nothing is known of him or his kingdom. The only contemporary information about Vortiporius comes from the Welsh ecclesiastic <a href="/wiki/Gildas" title="Gildas">Gildas</a>, in a highly allegorical condemnation from his <i><a href="/wiki/De_Excidio_et_Conquestu_Britanniae" title="De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae">De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae</a></i> (English: <span lang="en">"On the Ruin and Conquest of Britain"</span>). At the time the work was written (c. 540), Gildas says that Vortiporius was king of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dyfed" title="Kingdom of Dyfed">Dyfed</a>, that he was grey with age, that his wife had died, and that he had at least one daughter.<sup id="cite_ref-Giles_1841_27_–_28_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giles_1841_27_–_28-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>As a legendary king in <a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a>'s 12th-century treatment of the <a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Matter of Britain</a>, the <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i>, Vortiporius was the successor of <a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Conanus" title="Aurelius Conanus">Aurelius Conanus</a> and was succeeded by <a href="/wiki/Maelgwn_Gwynedd#The_History_of_the_Kings_of_Britain" title="Maelgwn Gwynedd">Malgo</a>. He is not mentioned in the 9th-century <i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Brittonum" title="Historia Brittonum">Historia Brittonum</a></i> attributed to <a href="/wiki/Nennius" title="Nennius">Nennius</a>. Vortiporius appears in the <a href="/wiki/Ireland" title="Ireland">Irish</a> genealogy given in the 8th-century work <i><a href="/wiki/The_Expulsion_of_the_D%C3%A9isi" title="The Expulsion of the Déisi">The Expulsion of the Déisi</a></i>, in which his name is given as <i>Gartbuir</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The pedigree given in the <a href="/wiki/Harleian_genealogies" title="Harleian genealogies">Harley MS 5389</a>, written c. 1100, is nearly identical, with his name given as <i>Guortepir</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the <i><a href="/wiki/Genealogies_from_Jesus_College_MS_20" title="Genealogies from Jesus College MS 20">Jesus College MS. 20</a></i>, he is called <i>Gwrdeber</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genealogy in <i>Expulsion</i> says he was a descendant of Eochaid Allmuir (English: <span lang="en">"Eochaid the Foreigner"</span> [literally <i>(from) Overseas</i>]),<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> who is said to have led a sept of the <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9isi" title="Déisi">Déisi</a> in their settlement of Dyfed c. 270.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A memorial stone was discovered in 1895 near the church of Castell Dwyran in <a href="/wiki/Carmarthenshire" title="Carmarthenshire">Carmarthenshire</a> bearing a Christian cross and with inscriptions in both Latin and in <a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">ogham</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dedicated to <i>Voteporigis</i> in the Latin inscription and <i>Votecorigas</i> in ogham, it was immediately assumed that this referred to Vortiporius. However, this assumption is refuted by modern linguistic analysis, which notes that the missing 'r' in the first syllable of 'Voteporigis'/'Votecorigas' is significant, and so the stone must be dedicated to a different person.<sup id="cite_ref-Sims_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sims-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The Latin genitive clearly implies a nominative <i>Voteporix</i>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gildas">Gildas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Gildas"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Britain.circa.540.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Britain.circa.540.jpg/241px-Britain.circa.540.jpg" decoding="async" width="241" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Britain.circa.540.jpg/362px-Britain.circa.540.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f1/Britain.circa.540.jpg/482px-Britain.circa.540.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2046" data-file-height="2814" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> <p>In his <i><a href="/wiki/De_Excidio_et_Conquestu_Britanniae" title="De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae">De Excidio et Conquestu Britanniae</a></i> (English: <span lang="en">On the Ruin and Conquest of Britain</span>), written c. 540, <a href="/wiki/Gildas" title="Gildas">Gildas</a> makes an allegorical condemnation of 5 British kings by likening them to the beasts of the <a href="/wiki/Christianity" title="Christianity">Christian</a> <a href="/wiki/Apocalypse" title="Apocalypse">Apocalypse</a> as expressed in the biblical <a href="/wiki/Book_of_Revelation" title="Book of Revelation">Book of Revelation</a>, 13:2: the lion, leopard, bear, and dragon.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In the course of his condemnations, Gildas makes passing reference to the other beasts mentioned in the Apocalypse, such as the eagle, serpent, calf, and wolf. Vortiporius is called "the spotted leopard" and the "tyrant of the Demetians", where Demetia is the ancient name of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dyfed" title="Kingdom of Dyfed">Dyfed</a>. </p><p>Gildas restricts his attention to the kings of <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">Gwynedd</a> (<a href="/wiki/Maelgwn_Gwynedd" title="Maelgwn Gwynedd">Maelgwn Gwynedd</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dyfed" title="Kingdom of Dyfed">Dyfed</a> (Vortiporius), Penllyn (probable, as its king Cuneglasus/Cynlas appears in royal genealogies associated with the region),<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Damnonii" title="Damnonii">Damnonia</a>/<a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Strathclyde" title="Kingdom of Strathclyde">Alt Clud</a> (Constantine), and the unknown region associated with Caninus. These are all Welsh kingdoms except for Alt Clud, which had a long and ongoing relationship with Gwynedd and its kings, although it is just as likely he could be referencing <a href="/wiki/Dumnonia" title="Dumnonia">Dumnonia</a> or modern day Cornwall here which is closer to other kingdoms mentioned. </p><p>The reason for Gildas' disaffection for these individuals is unknown. He was selective in his choice of kings, as he had no comments concerning the kings of the other British kingdoms that were thriving at the time, such as <a href="/wiki/Rheged" title="Rheged">Rheged</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gododdin" title="Gododdin">Gododdin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Elmet" title="Elmet">Elmet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pengwern" title="Pengwern">Pengwern/Powys</a>, or the kingdoms of modern-day southern <a href="/wiki/England" title="England">England</a>. Gildas claims outrage over moral depravity, and begins the condemnation of the five kings with an attack against the mother of one of the kings, calling her an "unclean lioness".<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Of Vortiporius Gildas says little other than offering condemnation for "sins" and providing the few personal details previously mentioned. He is alleged to be the bad son of a good father. Gildas also attacks his daughter, calling her "shameless",<sup id="cite_ref-Giles_1841_27_–_28_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Giles_1841_27_–_28-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and implies that Vortiporius raped or had a sexual relationship with her.<sup id="cite_ref-Gildas_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gildas-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Possible_monument_stone">Possible monument stone</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Possible monument stone"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg/120px-Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="95" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg/180px-Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg/240px-Memoria.Voteporigis.Protictoris.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="947" /></a><figcaption>The Latin inscription on the 'Monument of Voteporigis the Protector', from a rubbing of the stone.</figcaption></figure> <p>A monument bearing both Latin and Irish <a href="/wiki/Ogham" title="Ogham">ogham</a> inscriptions, dated to the 5th or 6th century, is known from Castell Dwyran, Carmarthenshire, Wales. Its Latin inscription reads <i>Memoria Voteporigis Protictoris</i> (English: <span lang="en">Monument of Voteporix Protector</span>). The <a href="/wiki/Ogham_inscription" title="Ogham inscription">ogham inscription</a> carries only the <a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Goidelic</a> form of his name in the <a href="/wiki/Genitive_case" title="Genitive case">genitive</a>: Votecorigas (early Goidelic did not possess the sound /p/). <i>Protector</i> (spelled here <i>Protictoris</i>, in the genitive) in the Latin inscription may imply a Roman-era honorific bestowed upon his ancestors, retained as a hereditary title into the 6th century. However, linguist <a href="/wiki/Eric_Hamp" class="mw-redirect" title="Eric Hamp">Eric Hamp</a> questions whether this is truly a title, suggesting that <i>Protector</i> may rather be a Latin translation of <i>Uoteporix</i> (which has essentially the same meaning as the Latin), a "sort of onomastic explanatory gloss".<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The ogham inscription in Goidelic shows that <a href="/wiki/Primitive_Irish" title="Primitive Irish">Primitive Irish</a> was still in use in this part of Britain at that time, and had not yet died out in South Wales.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Rhys_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhys-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The stone's original location at the church is next to a meadow known locally as <i>Parc yr Eglwys</i>. Local tradition carries the admonition that plowing must not be done near the church. Examination of the meadow showed evidence of large hut-circles. </p> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Votecorigas.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Votecorigas.jpg/400px-Votecorigas.jpg" decoding="async" width="400" height="87" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Votecorigas.jpg/600px-Votecorigas.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Votecorigas.jpg/800px-Votecorigas.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="229" /></a><figcaption>The ogham inscription on the 'Monument of Voteporigis the Protector', translated by <a href="/wiki/John_Rhys" class="mw-redirect" title="John Rhys">John Rhys</a>, reading from bottom to top (image was rotated 90 degrees clockwise).</figcaption></figure> <p>There remains a substantial question as to whether the stone refers to Vortiporius or to a similarly named individual, 'Voteporigis', as the 'r' in the first syllable would give the name different meaning. Rhys argued that the two individuals were the same person, saying that the 'r' had been added at a later date, and offering several suppositions as to how this might have happened.<sup id="cite_ref-Rhys_18-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Rhys-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> However, he was working before the twentieth century advancements in the study of ancient <a href="/wiki/Celtic_languages" title="Celtic languages">Celtic languages</a>, and his philological conclusions are suspect. More recently, <a href="/wiki/Patrick_Sims-Williams" title="Patrick Sims-Williams">Patrick Sims-Williams</a><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> notes that the two names cannot refer to the same individual due to differences in their etymologies, adding that dating the stone to the time of Vortiporius may not be valid because it relies on the inexact dating of manuscripts and their transcriptions.<sup id="cite_ref-Sims_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Sims-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Geoffrey of Monmouth"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Geoffrey's mention of Vortiporius is contained in a brief chapter titled "Uortiporius, being declared king, conquers the Saxons". He says that Uortiporius succeeded <a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Conanus" title="Aurelius Conanus">Aurelius Conan</a>, and after he was declared king, the Saxons rose against him and brought over their countrymen from Germany in a great fleet, but that these were defeated. Uortiporius then ruled peacefully for four years, beings succeeded by "Malgo" (<a href="/wiki/Maelgwn_Gwynedd" title="Maelgwn Gwynedd">Maelgwn Gwynedd</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Geoffrey's fertile imagination is the only source of this information. </p><p><i><a href="/wiki/The_Myvyrian_Archaiology_of_Wales" title="The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales">The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales</a></i>, an early 19th-century collection of Welsh histories, repeats Geoffrey's account, referring to him as 'Gwrthevyr' (though Vortiporius' proper Modern Welsh spelling is Gwrdebyr; here the name has been confused with that of <a href="/wiki/Vortimer" title="Vortimer">Vortimer</a>, the son of <a href="/wiki/Vortigern" title="Vortigern">Vortigern</a>).<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In his <i>Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates</i>, <a href="/wiki/James_Ussher" title="James Ussher">James Ussher</a> also repeats the account, attributing the information to Geoffrey.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Family">Family</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Family"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Vortipor was a son of <a href="/wiki/Aergol_Lawhir" title="Aergol Lawhir">Aergol Lawhir</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> so a grandson of <a href="/wiki/Triffyn_Farfog" title="Triffyn Farfog">Triffyn Farfog</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He had a son named <a href="/wiki/Cyngar" class="mw-redirect" title="Cyngar">Cyngar</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Vortimer" title="Vortimer">Vortimer</a>, also known as Gwrthefyr in Welsh sources</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Citations">Citations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Citations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Koch, John, Celtic Culture: a historical encyclopedia, ABC-CLIO, 2006, p. 864: "In Old Welsh sources, the name Guortepir, corresponding to the Vorteporius of Gildas...is kept distinct from Guorthemir, but in Middle Welsh texts the two tend to fall together as Gwerthefyr, the former unhistorically taking the form of the latter."</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Giles_1841_27_–_28-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Giles_1841_27_–_28_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Giles_1841_27_–_28_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGiles1841">Giles 1841</a>:27–28, <i>De Excidio</i>, section 31 (in English)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceA-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceA_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGiles1847">Giles 1847</a>:246–279, <i>De Excidio</i>, section 31 (in Latin)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMeyer1901">Meyer 1901</a>:112–113, <i>The Expulsion of the Dessi</i>. The Irish form is given as "Tualodor mac Rigin maic Catacuind maic Caittienn maic Clotenn maic Naee maic Artuir maic Retheoir maic Congair maic <b>Gartbuir</b> maic Alchoil maic Trestin maic Aeda Brosc maic Corath maic Echach Almuir maic Arttchuirp". Meyer's translation is "Teudor son of Regin, son of Catgocaun, son of Cathen, son of Cloten, son of Nougoy, son of Arthur, son of Petr, son of Cincar, son of <b>Guortepir</b>, son of Aircol, son of Triphun, son of <a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%81ed_Brosc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Áed Brosc (page does not exist)">Áed Brosc</a>, son of Corath, son of <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eochaid_Allmuir&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eochaid Allmuir (page does not exist)">Eochaid Allmuir</a>, son of Artchorp".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhillimore1888">Phillimore 1888</a>:171, <i>Harleian MS. 3859</i>, "... Teudos map Regin map Catgocaun map Cathen map Cloten map Nougoy map Arthur map Petr map Cincar map <b>Guortepir</b> map Aircol map Triphun ...".</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPhillimore1887">Phillimore 1887</a>:86, <i>Pedigrees From Jesus College MS. 20</i>. "... Teudos M. Gwgawn M. Cathen M. Eleothen M. Nennue M. Arthur M. Peder M. Kyngar M. <b>Gwrdeber</b> M. Erbin M. Aircol lawhir M. tryphun M. Ewein vreisc M. Cyndwr bendigeit ...". Ewein vreisc is given here for Áed Brosc given elsewhere, and Erbin is inserted between Gwrdeber and Aircol, where he is not listed elsewhere.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Dictionary of the Irish Language, Compact Edition, Royal Irish Academy, 1998; allmuir, p. 37, column 289, line 078</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMeyer1896" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Kuno_Meyer" title="Kuno Meyer">Meyer, Kuno</a> (1896), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=m1kJAAAAIAAJ&pg=RA4-PA55">"Early Relations Between Gael and Brython"</a>, in Evans, E. Vincent (ed.), <i>Transactions of the Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion</i>, Session 1895–1896, vol. I, London: Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, pp. 55–86</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Early+Relations+Between+Gael+and+Brython&rft.btitle=Transactions+of+the+Honourable+Society+of+Cymmrodorion&rft.place=London&rft.series=Session+1895%26ndash%3B1896&rft.pages=55-86&rft.pub=Honourable+Society+of+Cymmrodorion&rft.date=1896&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Kuno&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dm1kJAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DRA4-PA55&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaws1895" class="citation cs2">Laws, Edward (1895), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EgFPAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA303">"Discovery of the Tombstone of Vortipore, Prince of Demetia"</a>, <i>Archaeologia Cambrensis</i>, Fifth Series, vol. XII, London: Chas. J. Clark, pp. 303–306</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Discovery+of+the+Tombstone+of+Vortipore%2C+Prince+of+Demetia&rft.btitle=Archaeologia+Cambrensis&rft.place=London&rft.series=Fifth+Series&rft.pages=303-306&rft.pub=Chas.+J.+Clark&rft.date=1895&rft.aulast=Laws&rft.aufirst=Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEgFPAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA303&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Sims-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Sims_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Sims_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSims-Williams2003" class="citation cs2">Sims-Williams, Patrick (2003), <i>The Celtic Inscriptions of Britain: Phonology and Chronology, c. 400 – 1200</i>, Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, pp. 342, 346–347, <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-4051-0903-3" title="Special:BookSources/1-4051-0903-3"><bdi>1-4051-0903-3</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Celtic+Inscriptions+of+Britain%3A+Phonology+and+Chronology%2C+c.+400+%26ndash%3B+1200&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=342%2C+346-347&rft.pub=Blackwell+Publishers&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=1-4051-0903-3&rft.aulast=Sims-Williams&rft.aufirst=Patrick&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">*<link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFAnonymous1884" class="citation cs2">Anonymous (1884), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=ypcNAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA6-PA219">"Revelation 13-2"</a>, <i>The Holy Bible</i>, New York: American Bible Society, p. 219</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revelation+13-2&rft.btitle=The+Holy+Bible&rft.place=New+York&rft.pages=219&rft.pub=American+Bible+Society&rft.date=1884&rft.au=Anonymous&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DypcNAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DRA6-PA219&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span> — "And the beast which I saw was like unto a <u>leopard</u>, and his feet were as the feet of a <u>bear</u>, and his mouth as the mouth of a <u>lion</u>: and the <u>dragon</u> gave him his power, and his seat, and great authority." (underlining added)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLloyd1911">Lloyd 1911</a>:133, <i>A History of Wales</i>, Vol. I</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGiles1841">Giles 1841</a>:24–25, <i>De Excidio</i>, sections 28 and 29 (in English)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGiles1847">Giles 1847</a>:244–245, <i>De Excidio</i>, sections 28 and 29 (in Latin)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gildas-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Gildas_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Gildas, De Excidio, Chapter 31, "by the violation of a shameless daughter" <i>(impudentis filiae quodam ineluctabili)</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hamp, Eric P."Voteporigis Protictoris", in Studia Celtica, 30, 1996, p. 293.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFLloyd1911">Lloyd 1911</a>:132–133, <i>A History of Wales</i>, Vol. I</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Rhys-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Rhys_18-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Rhys_18-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRhys1895" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Rhys" class="mw-redirect" title="John Rhys">Rhys, John</a> (1895), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=EgFPAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA307">"Notes on the Inscriptions on the Tombstone of Votipores, Prince of Demetia"</a>, <i>Archaeologia Cambrensis</i>, Fifth Series, vol. XII, London: Chas. J. Clark, pp. 307–313</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Notes+on+the+Inscriptions+on+the+Tombstone+of+Votipores%2C+Prince+of+Demetia&rft.btitle=Archaeologia+Cambrensis&rft.place=London&rft.series=Fifth+Series&rft.pages=307-313&rft.pub=Chas.+J.+Clark&rft.date=1895&rft.aulast=Rhys&rft.aufirst=John&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEgFPAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA307&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Sims-Williams, Patrick, The Celtic Inscriptions of Britain: Phonology and Chronology (Oxford, 2003), pp. 346-47.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiles1848" class="citation cs2">Giles, John Allen, ed. (1848), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=6GQNAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA272">"Geoffrey of Monmouth's British History"</a>, <i>Six Old English Chronicles</i>, London: George Bell and Sons (published 1900), pp. 89–294</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Geoffrey+of+Monmouth%27s+British+History&rft.btitle=Six+Old+English+Chronicles&rft.place=London&rft.pages=89-294&rft.pub=George+Bell+and+Sons&rft.date=1848&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6GQNAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA272&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJonesMorganwgPughe1801" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Owen_Jones_(antiquary)" title="Owen Jones (antiquary)">Jones, Owen</a>; <a href="/wiki/Iolo_Morganwg" title="Iolo Morganwg">Morganwg, Iolo</a>; <a href="/wiki/William_Owen_Pughe" title="William Owen Pughe">Pughe, William Owen</a>, eds. (1801), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=E94KAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA1-PA359">"Brut G. Ab Arthur"</a>, <i>The Myvyrian Archaiology of Wales (Prose)</i>, vol. II, London: Jones, Morganwg, and Pughe, p. 359</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Brut+G.+Ab+Arthur&rft.btitle=The+Myvyrian+Archaiology+of+Wales+%28Prose%29&rft.place=London&rft.pages=359&rft.pub=Jones%2C+Morganwg%2C+and+Pughe&rft.date=1801&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DE94KAAAAYAAJ%26pg%3DRA1-PA359&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFUssher1639" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/James_Ussher" title="James Ussher">Ussher, James</a> (1639), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=solLAAAAMAAJ&pg=PA56">"Caput IV"</a>, in <a href="/wiki/Charles_Richard_Elrington" title="Charles Richard Elrington">Elrington, Charles Richard</a> (ed.), <i>Britannicarum Ecclesiarum Antiquitates (caput XIV-XVII)</i>, Dublin: Hodges and Smith (published 1847), p. 56</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Caput+IV&rft.btitle=Britannicarum+Ecclesiarum+Antiquitates+%28caput+XIV-XVII%29&rft.place=Dublin&rft.pages=56&rft.pub=Hodges+and+Smith&rft.date=1639&rft.aulast=Ussher&rft.aufirst=James&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DsolLAAAAMAAJ%26pg%3DPA56&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harley MS 3859, "Guortepir map Aircol"</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Harley MS 3859, Aircol map Triphun</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Vortiporius&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239549316">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%}}</style><div class="refbegin" style=""> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDavies1990" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Davies_(historian)" title="John Davies (historian)">Davies, John</a> (1990), <i>A History of Wales</i> (First ed.), London: Penguin Group (published 1993), <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7139-9098-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-7139-9098-8"><bdi>0-7139-9098-8</bdi></a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Wales&rft.place=London&rft.edition=First&rft.pub=Penguin+Group&rft.date=1990&rft.isbn=0-7139-9098-8&rft.aulast=Davies&rft.aufirst=John&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiles1841" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Allen_Giles" title="John Allen Giles">Giles, John Allen</a>, ed. (1841), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=3R1mCE7p44MC"><i>The Works of Gildas and Nennius</i></a>, London: James Bohn</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Works+of+Gildas+and+Nennius&rft.place=London&rft.pub=James+Bohn&rft.date=1841&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3R1mCE7p44MC&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span> — English translation</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGiles1847" class="citation cs2">Giles, John Allen, ed. (1847), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=XX3TAAAAMAAJ"><i>History of the Ancient Britons</i></a>, vol. II (Second ed.), Oxford: W. Baxter (published 1854)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=History+of+the+Ancient+Britons&rft.place=Oxford&rft.edition=Second&rft.pub=W.+Baxter&rft.date=1847&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DXX3TAAAAMAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span> — in <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">Latin</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLloyd1911" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/John_Edward_Lloyd" title="John Edward Lloyd">Lloyd, John Edward</a> (1911), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=NYwNAAAAIAAJ"><i>A History of Wales from the Earliest Times to the Edwardian Conquest</i></a>, vol. I (2nd ed.), London: Longmans, Green, and Co (published 1912)</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+History+of+Wales+from+the+Earliest+Times+to+the+Edwardian+Conquest&rft.place=London&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Longmans%2C+Green%2C+and+Co&rft.date=1911&rft.aulast=Lloyd&rft.aufirst=John+Edward&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DNYwNAAAAIAAJ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMeyer1901" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Kuno_Meyer" title="Kuno Meyer">Meyer, Kuno</a>, ed. (1901), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=pbm3KK8EsaAC&pg=PA101">"The Expulsion of the Dessi"</a>, <i>Y Cymmrodor</i>, vol. XIV, London: Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, pp. 101–135</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Expulsion+of+the+Dessi&rft.btitle=Y+Cymmrodor&rft.place=London&rft.pages=101-135&rft.pub=Honourable+Society+of+Cymmrodorion&rft.date=1901&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3Dpbm3KK8EsaAC%26pg%3DPA101&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillimore1887" class="citation cs2"><a href="/wiki/Egerton_Phillimore" title="Egerton Phillimore">Phillimore, Egerton</a>, ed. (1887), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=HlUrAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA83">"Pedigrees from Jesus College MS. 20"</a>, <i>Y Cymmrodor</i>, vol. VIII, Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, pp. 83–92</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Pedigrees+from+Jesus+College+MS.+20&rft.btitle=Y+Cymmrodor&rft.pages=83-92&rft.pub=Honourable+Society+of+Cymmrodorion&rft.date=1887&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DHlUrAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA83&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFPhillimore1888" class="citation cs2">Phillimore, Egerton (1888), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=aFMrAAAAIAAJ&pg=PA141">"The Annales Cambriae and Old Welsh Genealogies, from Harleian MS. 3859"</a>, in Phillimore, Egerton (ed.), <i>Y Cymmrodor</i>, vol. IX, Honourable Society of Cymmrodorion, pp. 141–183</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=The+Annales+Cambriae+and+Old+Welsh+Genealogies%2C+from+Harleian+MS.+3859&rft.btitle=Y+Cymmrodor&rft.pages=141-183&rft.pub=Honourable+Society+of+Cymmrodorion&rft.date=1888&rft.aulast=Phillimore&rft.aufirst=Egerton&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DaFMrAAAAIAAJ%26pg%3DPA141&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AVortiporius" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> </div> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Regnal titles </th></tr> <tr> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Unknown</b> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Dyfed" title="Kingdom of Dyfed">King of Dyfed</a> </b><br />early to mid 500s </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b>Unknown</b> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="3" style="border-top: 5px solid #ACE777;">Legendary titles </th></tr> <tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Conanus" title="Aurelius Conanus">Aurelius Conanus</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"><b> <a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_kings_of_Britain" title="List of legendary kings of Britain">King of Britain</a> </b> </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Maelgwn_Gwynedd" title="Maelgwn Gwynedd">Malgo</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Wales_topics" title="Template:Wales topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Wales_topics" title="Template talk:Wales topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Wales_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Wales topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Wales_articles" class="adr" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Wales" title="Wales">Wales</a> articles</div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_Wales" title="Outline of Wales">List of topics</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_Wales" title="History of Wales">History</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_Welsh_history" title="Timeline of Welsh history">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bibliography_of_Welsh_history" title="Bibliography of Welsh history">Bibliography</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_Wales" title="Prehistoric Wales">Prehistory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_Roman_era" title="Wales in the Roman era">Roman Era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Anglo-Welsh_wars" title="List of Anglo-Welsh wars">Anglo-Welsh Wars</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_early_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the early Middle Ages">Early Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Gwynedd" title="Kingdom of Gwynedd">Kingdom of Gwynedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kingdom_of_Powys" title="Kingdom of Powys">Kingdom of Powys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Deheubarth" title="Deheubarth">Deheubarth</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cyfraith_Hywel" title="Cyfraith Hywel">Medieval Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_invasion_of_Wales" title="Norman invasion of Wales">Norman invasion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conquest_of_Wales_by_Edward_I" title="Conquest of Wales by Edward I">Edwardian conquest</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_in_the_late_Middle_Ages" class="mw-redirect" title="Wales in the late Middle Ages">Late Middle Ages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statute_of_Rhuddlan" title="Statute of Rhuddlan">Statute of Rhuddlan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glynd%C5%B5r_rebellion" title="Glyndŵr rebellion">Glyndŵr rebellion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535_and_1542" title="Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542">Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_settlement_in_the_Americas" title="Welsh settlement in the Americas">Colonies</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Geography_of_Wales" title="Geography of Wales">Geography</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biodiversity_of_Wales" title="Biodiversity of Wales">Biodiversity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fauna_of_Wales" title="Fauna of Wales">Fauna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Wales" title="Flora of Wales">Flora</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Climate_of_Wales" title="Climate of Wales">Climate</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Geology_of_Wales" title="Geology of Wales">Geology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_islands_of_Wales" title="List of islands of Wales">Islands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_lakes_of_Wales" title="List of lakes of Wales">Lakes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_mountains_and_hills_in_the_British_Isles" title="Lists of mountains and hills in the British Isles">Mountains and hills</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Protected_areas_of_Wales" title="Protected areas of Wales">Protected areas</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/National_parks_of_Wales" title="National parks of Wales">National parks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Areas_of_Outstanding_Natural_Beauty_in_Wales" title="Areas of Outstanding Natural Beauty in Wales">AONBs</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rivers_of_Wales" title="List of rivers of Wales">Rivers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/England%E2%80%93Wales_border" title="England–Wales border">Wales–England border</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_waterfalls_in_Wales" title="List of waterfalls in Wales">Waterfalls</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Wales" title="Politics of Wales">Politics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_devolution" title="Welsh devolution">Devolution</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elections_in_Wales" title="Elections in Wales">Elections</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/First_Minister_of_Wales" title="First Minister of Wales">First Minister</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Government" title="Welsh Government">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Local_government_in_Wales" title="Local government in Wales">Local government</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_local_government_in_Wales" title="History of local government in Wales">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cities_in_Wales" title="List of cities in Wales">Cities</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayors_in_Wales" title="Mayors in Wales">Mayors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rulers_in_Wales" title="List of rulers in Wales">Local rulers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_nationalism" title="Welsh nationalism">Nationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_political_parties_in_Wales" title="List of political parties in Wales">Political parties</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_republicanism" title="Welsh republicanism">Republicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secretary_of_State_for_Wales" title="Secretary of State for Wales">Secretary of State</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senedd" title="Senedd">Senedd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Unionism_in_Wales" title="Unionism in Wales">Unionism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wales_Office" title="Wales Office">Wales Office</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Law</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counsel_General_for_Wales" title="Counsel General for Wales">Counsel General</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Courts_of_England_and_Wales" title="Courts of England and Wales">Courts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_law" title="Welsh law">Modern Welsh law</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Police_forces_of_Wales" class="mw-redirect" title="Police forces of Wales">Police forces</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Armed_forces_in_Wales" title="Armed forces in Wales">British Armed Forces</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Economy_of_Wales" title="Economy of Wales">Economy</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agriculture_in_Wales" title="Agriculture in Wales">Agriculture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Banking_and_finance_in_Wales" title="Banking and finance in Wales">Banking and finance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coal_industry_in_Wales" title="Coal industry in Wales">Coal mining</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_companies_of_Wales" title="List of companies of Wales">Companies</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Forestry_in_Wales" title="Forestry in Wales">Forestry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Housing_and_construction_in_Wales" title="Housing and construction in Wales">Housing and construction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_power_stations_in_Wales" title="List of power stations in Wales">Power stations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Slate_industry_in_Wales" title="Slate industry in Wales">Slate quarrying</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tourism_in_Wales" title="Tourism in Wales">Tourism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Transport_in_Wales" title="Transport in Wales">Transport</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Society_of_Wales" title="Category:Society of Wales">Society</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Wales" title="Culture of Wales">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_art" title="Welsh art">Art</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_castles_in_Wales" title="List of castles in Wales">Castles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Education_in_Wales" title="Education in Wales">Education</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eisteddfod" title="Eisteddfod">Eisteddfod</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorsedd_Cymru" title="Gorsedd Cymru">Gorsedd Cymru</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh-language_literature" title="Welsh-language literature">Literature in Welsh</a> / <a href="/wiki/Welsh_literature_in_English" title="Welsh literature in English">in English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Media_of_Wales" title="Media of Wales">Media</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Wales" title="Music of Wales">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_museums_in_Wales" title="List of museums in Wales">Museums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_scheduled_monuments_in_Wales" title="Lists of scheduled monuments in Wales">Scheduled monuments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sport_in_Wales" title="Sport in Wales">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theatre_of_Wales" title="Theatre of Wales">Theatre</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Demographics_of_Wales" title="Demographics of Wales">Demographics</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Languages_of_Wales" title="Languages of Wales">Languages</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_language" title="Welsh language">Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_English" title="Welsh English">Welsh English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/British_Sign_Language" title="British Sign Language">British Sign Language</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Welsh_people" title="Welsh people">People</a> (<a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people" title="List of Welsh people">list</a>)</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people#Actors" title="List of Welsh people">Actors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_Americans" title="List of Welsh Americans">Welsh Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_architects" title="List of Welsh architects">Architects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_artists" title="List of Welsh artists">Artists</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_women_artists_associated_with_Wales" title="List of women artists associated with Wales">Women</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_inventors" title="List of Welsh inventors">Inventors</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_musicians" title="List of Welsh musicians">Musicians</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_poets_(6th_century_to_c._1600)" title="List of Welsh-language poets (6th century to c. 1600)">Poets</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_people#Monarchs_and_princes" title="List of Welsh people">Royalty</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_scientists" title="List of Welsh scientists">Scientists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_women" title="List of Welsh women">Women</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_writers" title="List of Welsh writers">Writers</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh-language_authors" title="List of Welsh-language authors">in Welsh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_women_writers" title="List of Welsh women writers">Women</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Health_in_Wales" title="Health in Wales">Health</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Healthcare_in_Wales" title="Healthcare in Wales">Healthcare</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NHS_Wales" title="NHS Wales">Healthcare service</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Local_health_board" title="Local health board">Boards</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Religion_in_Wales" title="Religion in Wales">Religion</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christianity_in_Wales" title="Christianity in Wales">Christianity</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Church_in_Wales" title="Church in Wales">Anglicanism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catholic_Church_in_England_and_Wales" title="Catholic Church in England and Wales">Catholicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Church_of_Jesus_Christ_of_Latter-day_Saints_in_Wales" title="The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints in Wales">Mormonism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Presbyterian_Church_of_Wales" title="Presbyterian Church of Wales">Presbyterianism</a></li></ul></li> <li>Non-Christian belief systems <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bah%C3%A1%CA%BC%C3%AD_Faith_in_Wales" title="Baháʼí Faith in Wales">Bahá'ís</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Buddhism_in_Wales" title="Buddhism in Wales">Buddhism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hinduism_in_Wales" title="Hinduism in Wales">Hinduism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_in_Wales" title="Islam in Wales">Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Jews_in_Wales" title="History of the Jews in Wales">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Druidry_(modern)" title="Druidry (modern)">Druidry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikhism_in_Wales" title="Sikhism in Wales">Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li>History <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Methodist_revival" title="Welsh Methodist revival">Welsh Methodist revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1904%E2%80%931905_Welsh_revival" title="1904–1905 Welsh revival">1904–1905 Welsh revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Church_Act_1914" title="Welsh Church Act 1914">Welsh Church Act 1914</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;padding-left:0.5em;padding-right:0.5em;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/National_symbols_of_Wales" title="National symbols of Wales">Symbols</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hen_Wlad_Fy_Nhadau" title="Hen Wlad Fy Nhadau">Anthem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Welsh_flags" title="List of Welsh flags">Flags</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Flag_of_Wales" title="Flag of Wales">national flag</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prince_of_Wales%27s_feathers" title="Prince of Wales's feathers">Prince of Wales's feathers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Royal_Badge_of_Wales" title="Royal Badge of Wales">Royal Badge</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Welsh_Dragon" title="Welsh Dragon">Welsh Dragon</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><i><span class="nowrap"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="flag" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/32px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png" decoding="async" width="32" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/48px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/dc/Flag_of_Wales.svg/64px-Flag_of_Wales.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="480" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Wales" title="Portal:Wales">Wales portal</a></i></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Template talk:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Geoffrey of Monmouth"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Geoffrey of Monmouth">Geoffrey of Monmouth</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Works_by_Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Category:Works by Geoffrey of Monmouth">Works</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Prophetiae_Merlini" title="Prophetiae Merlini">Prophetiae Merlini</a></i> (c. 1135)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Historia_Regum_Britanniae" title="Historia Regum Britanniae">Historia Regum Britanniae</a></i> (c. 1136)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vita_Merlini" title="Vita Merlini">Vita Merlini</a></i> (c. 1150)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Category:Translations_of_Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" title="Category:Translations of Geoffrey of Monmouth">Translations</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Roman_de_Brut" title="Roman de Brut">Roman de Brut</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Layamon%27s_Brut" title="Layamon's Brut">Layamon's <i>Brut</i></a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brut_y_Brenhinedd" title="Brut y Brenhinedd">Brut y Brenhinedd</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Breta_s%C3%B6gur" title="Breta sögur">Breta sögur</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Merl%C3%ADn%C3%BAssp%C3%A1" title="Merlínússpá">Merlínússpá</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aeneas" title="Aeneas">Aeneas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_Alban" title="Saint Alban">Saint Alban</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Albanactus" title="Albanactus">Albanactus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alhfrith_of_Deira" class="mw-redirect" title="Alhfrith of Deira">Alhfrith of Deira</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Allectus" title="Allectus">Allectus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ambrosius_Aurelianus" title="Ambrosius Aurelianus">Ambrosius Aurelianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amphibalus" title="Amphibalus">Amphibalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andragius" title="Andragius">Andragius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archgallo" title="Archgallo">Archgallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Archmail" title="Archmail">Archmail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_Arthur" title="King Arthur">King Arthur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arvirargus" title="Arvirargus">Arvirargus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ascanius" title="Ascanius">Ascanius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Augustine_of_Canterbury" title="Augustine of Canterbury">Augustine of Canterbury</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aurelius_Conanus" title="Aurelius Conanus">Aurelius Conanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bedivere" title="Bedivere">Bedivere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beldgabred" title="Beldgabred">Beldgabred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Beli_Mawr" title="Beli Mawr">Beli Mawr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Belinus" title="Belinus">Belinus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bladud" title="Bladud">Bladud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledric_ap_Custennin" title="Bledric ap Custennin">Bledric ap Custennin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bledudo" title="Bledudo">Bledudo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brennius" title="Brennius">Brennius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_Greenshield" title="Brutus Greenshield">Brutus Greenshield</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brutus_of_Troy" title="Brutus of Troy">Brutus of Troy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budic_II_of_Brittany" title="Budic II of Brittany">Budic II of Brittany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadfan_ap_Iago" title="Cadfan ap Iago">Cadfan ap Iago</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadoc" title="Cadoc">Cadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cador" title="Cador">Cador</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwaladr" title="Cadwaladr">Cadwaladr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cadwallon_ap_Cadfan" title="Cadwallon ap Cadfan">Cadwallon ap Cadfan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Camber_(legendary_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Camber (legendary king)">Camber (legendary king)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cap_of_Britain" title="Cap of Britain">Cap of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capetus_Silvius" title="Capetus Silvius">Capetus Silvius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capoir" title="Capoir">Capoir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caracalla" title="Caracalla">Caracalla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caradocus" title="Caradocus">Caradocus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carausius" title="Carausius">Carausius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cassivellaunus" title="Cassivellaunus">Cassivellaunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catellus" title="Catellus">Catellus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catigern" title="Catigern">Catigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cherin" title="Cherin">Cherin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Claudius" title="Claudius">Claudius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cledaucus" title="Cledaucus">Cledaucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clotenus" title="Clotenus">Clotenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coel_Hen" title="Coel Hen">Coel Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coilus" title="Coilus">Coilus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conan_Meriadoc" title="Conan Meriadoc">Conan Meriadoc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constans_II_(son_of_Constantine_III)" title="Constans II (son of Constantine III)">Constans II (son of Constantine III)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_the_Great" title="Constantine the Great">Constantine the Great</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_III_(Western_Roman_Emperor)" class="mw-redirect" title="Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)">Constantine III (Western Roman Emperor)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantine_(Briton)" title="Constantine (Briton)">Constantine (Briton)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constantius_Chlorus" title="Constantius Chlorus">Constantius Chlorus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cordelia_of_Britain" title="Cordelia of Britain">Cordelia of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Corineus" title="Corineus">Corineus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunedagius" title="Cunedagius">Cunedagius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cunobeline" title="Cunobeline">Cunobeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danius" title="Danius">Danius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Saint_David" title="Saint David">Saint David</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digueillus" title="Digueillus">Digueillus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diocletian" title="Diocletian">Diocletian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dionotus" title="Dionotus">Dionotus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dunvallo_Molmutius" class="mw-redirect" title="Dunvallo Molmutius">Dunvallo Molmutius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ebraucus" title="Ebraucus">Ebraucus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edadus" title="Edadus">Edadus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edern_ap_Nudd" title="Edern ap Nudd">Edern ap Nudd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edwin_of_Northumbria" title="Edwin of Northumbria">Edwin of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldol" title="Eldol">Eldol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eldol,_Consul_of_Gloucester" title="Eldol, Consul of Gloucester">Eldol, Consul of Gloucester</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elidurus" title="Elidurus">Elidurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eliud" title="Eliud">Eliud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enniaunus" title="Enniaunus">Enniaunus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Estrildis" title="Estrildis">Estrildis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eudaf_Hen" title="Eudaf Hen">Eudaf Hen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ferrex" title="Ferrex">Ferrex</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fulgenius" title="Fulgenius">Fulgenius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gawain" title="Gawain">Gawain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerennus" title="Gerennus">Gerennus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goffar_the_Pict" title="Goffar the Pict">Goffar the Pict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gogmagog_(folklore)" class="mw-redirect" title="Gogmagog (folklore)">Gogmagog (folklore)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goneril" title="Goneril">Goneril</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorboduc" title="Gorboduc">Gorboduc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorbonianus" title="Gorbonianus">Gorbonianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gorlois" title="Gorlois">Gorlois</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gracianus_Municeps" title="Gracianus Municeps">Gracianus Municeps</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guiderius" title="Guiderius">Guiderius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guinevere" title="Guinevere">Guinevere</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guithelin" title="Guithelin">Guithelin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgintius" title="Gurgintius">Gurgintius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurguit_Barbtruc" title="Gurguit Barbtruc">Gurguit Barbtruc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gurgustius" title="Gurgustius">Gurgustius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenddoleu_ap_Ceidio" title="Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio">Gwenddoleu ap Ceidio</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gwenddydd" title="Gwenddydd">Gwenddydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Gwendolen" title="Queen Gwendolen">Queen Gwendolen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helena_(empress)" class="mw-redirect" title="Helena (empress)">Helena (empress)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helenus" class="mw-redirect" title="Helenus">Helenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hengist_and_Horsa" title="Hengist and Horsa">Hengist and Horsa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hoel" class="mw-redirect" title="Hoel">Hoel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Humber_the_Hun" 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title="Mandubracius">Mandubracius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Marcia" title="Queen Marcia">Queen Marcia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marganus" title="Marganus">Marganus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marganus_II" title="Marganus II">Marganus II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marius_of_Britain" title="Marius of Britain">Marius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mempricius" title="Mempricius">Mempricius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merianus" title="Merianus">Merianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merlin" title="Merlin">Merlin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Millus" title="Millus">Millus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mordred" title="Mordred">Mordred</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morgause" title="Morgause">Morgause</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morvidus" title="Morvidus">Morvidus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrddin_Wyllt" title="Myrddin Wyllt">Myrddin Wyllt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nennius_of_Britain" title="Nennius of Britain">Nennius of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Octa_of_Kent" title="Octa of Kent">Octa of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oenus" title="Oenus">Oenus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswald_of_Northumbria" title="Oswald of Northumbria">Oswald of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oswiu_of_Northumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Oswiu of Northumbria">Oswiu of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Owain_mab_Urien" title="Owain mab Urien">Owain mab Urien</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pandrasus" title="Pandrasus">Pandrasus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penda_of_Mercia" title="Penda of Mercia">Penda of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredur" title="Peredur">Peredur</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peredurus" title="Peredurus">Peredurus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pir_of_the_Britons" title="Pir of the Britons">Pir of the Britons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porrex_I" title="Porrex I">Porrex I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Porrex_II" title="Porrex II">Porrex II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Publius_Septimius_Geta" class="mw-redirect" title="Publius Septimius Geta">Publius Septimius Geta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Quintus_Laberius_Durus" title="Quintus Laberius Durus">Quintus Laberius Durus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redechius" title="Redechius">Redechius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redon_of_Britain" title="Redon of Britain">Redon of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Regan_(King_Lear)" title="Regan (King Lear)">Regan (King Lear)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhydderch_Hael" title="Rhydderch Hael">Rhydderch Hael</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rience" class="mw-redirect" title="Rience">Rience</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rivallo" title="Rivallo">Rivallo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rud_Hud_Hudibras" title="Rud Hud Hudibras">Rud Hud Hudibras</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Runo_(legendary_king)" class="mw-redirect" title="Runo (legendary king)">Runo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sawyl_Penuchel" title="Sawyl Penuchel">Sawyl Penuchel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Septimius_Severus" title="Septimius Severus">Septimius Severus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Silvius_(mythology)" title="Silvius (mythology)">Silvius (mythology)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_I" title="Sisillius I">Sisillius I</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_II" title="Sisillius II">Sisillius II</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sisillius_III" title="Sisillius III">Sisillius III</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Son_of_Gorbonianus" title="Son of Gorbonianus">Son of Gorbonianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taliesin" title="Taliesin">Taliesin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tasciovanus" title="Tasciovanus">Tasciovanus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trahern" title="Trahern">Trahern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turnus" title="Turnus">Turnus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urianus" title="Urianus">Urianus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uther_Pendragon" title="Uther Pendragon">Uther Pendragon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Venissa" title="Venissa">Venissa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vespasian" title="Vespasian">Vespasian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortigern" title="Vortigern">Vortigern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vortimer" title="Vortimer">Vortimer</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Vortiporius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wulfhere_of_Mercia" title="Wulfhere of Mercia">Wulfhere of Mercia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ywain" title="Ywain">Ywain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelberht_of_Kent" title="Æthelberht of Kent">Æthelberht of Kent</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C3%86thelfrith_of_Northumbria" class="mw-redirect" title="Æthelfrith of Northumbria">Æthelfrith of Northumbria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%92thelwald_of_Deira" title="Œthelwald of Deira">Œthelwald of Deira</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Topics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Avalon" title="Avalon">Avalon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Arfderydd" title="Battle of Arfderydd">Battle of Arfderydd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Badon" title="Battle of Badon">Battle of Badon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Camlann" title="Battle of Camlann">Battle of Camlann</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_Guoloph" title="Battle of Guoloph">Battle of Guoloph</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Brut_y_Tywysogion" title="Brut y Tywysogion">Brut y Tywysogion</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Excalibur" title="Excalibur">Excalibur</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gesta_Regum_Britanniae" title="Gesta Regum Britanniae">Gesta Regum Britanniae</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lailoken" title="Lailoken">Lailoken</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_kings_of_Britain" title="List of legendary kings of Britain">List of legendary kings of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_legendary_rulers_of_Cornwall" title="List of legendary rulers of Cornwall">List of legendary rulers of Cornwall</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Logres" title="Logres">Logres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matter_of_Britain" title="Matter of Britain">Matter of Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Molmutine_Laws" title="Molmutine Laws">Molmutine Laws</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nennius" title="Nennius">Nennius</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pridwen" title="Pridwen">Pridwen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Riothamus" title="Riothamus">Riothamus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/River_Malvam" title="River Malvam">River Malvam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Exeter_(c._630)" title="Siege of Exeter (c. 630)">Siege of Exeter (c. 630)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Locations_associated_with_Arthurian_legend" class="mw-redirect" title="Locations associated with Arthurian legend">Locations associated with Arthurian legend</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treason_of_the_Long_Knives" title="Treason of the Long Knives">Treason of the Long Knives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trinovantum" title="Trinovantum">Trinovantum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Trojan_genealogy_of_Nennius" title="Trojan genealogy of Nennius">Trojan genealogy of Nennius</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Vera_historia_de_morte_Arthuri" title="Vera historia de morte Arthuri">Vera historia de morte Arthuri</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Walter_of_Oxford" title="Walter of Oxford">Walter of Oxford</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow hlist" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Wikiquote page"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/13px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="13" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/20px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fa/Wikiquote-logo.svg/27px-Wikiquote-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="300" data-file-height="355" /></span></span> <a href="https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/Special:Search/Geoffrey_of_Monmouth" class="extiw" 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