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class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Principal characters </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Principal_characters-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Casts" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Casts"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Casts </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Casts-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Casts subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Casts-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Notable_replacements" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notable_replacements"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5.1 Notable replacements </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notable_replacements-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Productions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Productions"> <div 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class="vector-toc-text"> 6.3 London revivals </div> </a> <ul id="toc-London_revivals-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_UK_productions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_UK_productions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.4 Other UK productions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_UK_productions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Australian_productions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Australian_productions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.5 Australian productions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Australian_productions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other_notable_North_American_productions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other_notable_North_American_productions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.6 Other notable North American productions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other_notable_North_American_productions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-International_and_amateur_productions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#International_and_amateur_productions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6.7 International and amateur productions </div> </a> <ul id="toc-International_and_amateur_productions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Film_adaptations_and_recordings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Film_adaptations_and_recordings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Film adaptations and recordings </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Film_adaptations_and_recordings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Cultural_influence" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultural_influence"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Cultural influence </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Cultural_influence-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Toggle Cultural influence subsection </button> <ul id="toc-Cultural_influence-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Parodies" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Parodies"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.1 Parodies </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Parodies-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Covers" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Covers"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.2 Covers </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Covers-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Other" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Other"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8.3 Other </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Other-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Awards" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Awards"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Awards </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Awards-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Notes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Notes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Notes </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Notes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 References </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 12 Further reading </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 13 External links </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Toggle the table of contents </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Fiddler on the Roof</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 34 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-34" aria-hidden="true" > 34 languages </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof_(musical)" title="Fiddler on the Roof (musical) – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Fiddler on the Roof (musical)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e" title="Šumař na střeše – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Šumař na střeše" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spillemand_p%C3%A5_en_tagryg" title="Spillemand på en tagryg – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Spillemand på en tagryg" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anatevka" title="Anatevka – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Anatevka" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viiuldaja_katusel" title="Viiuldaja katusel – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Viiuldaja katusel" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9F_%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AE%CF%82_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%B7_%CF%83%CF%84%CE%AD%CE%B3%CE%B7" title="Ο βιολιστής στη στέγη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ο βιολιστής στη στέγη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_violinista_en_el_tejado_(musical)" title="El violinista en el tejado (musical) – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="El violinista en el tejado (musical)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Violonisto_sur_la_tegmento" title="Violonisto sur la tegmento – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Violonisto sur la tegmento" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%88%DB%8C%D9%88%D9%84%D9%86%E2%80%8C%D8%B2%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%DB%8C_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%85" title="ویولن‌زن روی بام – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="ویولن‌زن روی بام" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Un_violon_sur_le_toit" title="Un violon sur le toit – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Un violon sur le toit" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A7%80%EB%B6%95_%EC%9C%84%EC%9D%98_%EB%B0%94%EC%9D%B4%EC%98%AC%EB%A6%B0" title="지붕 위의 바이올린 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="지붕 위의 바이올린" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gusla%C4%8D_na_krovu" title="Guslač na krovu – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Guslač na krovu" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fi%C3%B0larinn_%C3%A1_%C3%BEakinu" title="Fiðlarinn á þakinu – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Fiðlarinn á þakinu" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target">Íslenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Fiddler on the Roof – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Fiddler on the Roof" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9B%D7%A0%D7%A8_%D7%A2%D7%9C_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%92" title="כנר על הגג – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="כנר על הגג" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Fiddler on the Roof – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Fiddler on the Roof" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smuikininkas_ant_stogo" title="Smuikininkas ant stogo – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Smuikininkas ant stogo" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heged%C5%B1s_a_h%C3%A1ztet%C5%91n_(musical)" title="Hegedűs a háztetőn (musical) – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Hegedűs a háztetőn (musical)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D9%8A%D8%AF%D9%84%D8%B1_%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%86_%D8%B0%D8%A7_%D8%B1%D9%88%D9%81" title="فيدلر اون ذا روف – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="فيدلر اون ذا روف" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Fiddler on the Roof – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Fiddler on the Roof" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B1%8B%E6%A0%B9%E3%81%AE%E4%B8%8A%E3%81%AE%E3%83%90%E3%82%A4%E3%82%AA%E3%83%AA%E3%83%B3%E5%BC%BE%E3%81%8D" title="屋根の上のバイオリン弾き – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="屋根の上のバイオリン弾き" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelemann_p%C3%A5_taket" title="Spelemann på taket – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Spelemann på taket" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lo_vriulonaire_suu_t%C3%A8it" title="Lo vriulonaire suu tèit – Occitan" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Lo vriulonaire suu tèit" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Occitan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Skrzypek_na_dachu" title="Skrzypek na dachu – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Skrzypek na dachu" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Fiddler on the Roof – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Fiddler on the Roof" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scripcarul_pe_acoperi%C8%99_(musical)" title="Scripcarul pe acoperiș (musical) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Scripcarul pe acoperiș (musical)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%BA%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%87_%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D0%BA%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%88%D0%B5_(%D0%BC%D1%8E%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BB)" title="Скрипач на крыше (мюзикл) – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Скрипач на крыше (мюзикл)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Fiddler on the Roof – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Fiddler on the Roof" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gusla%C4%8D_na_krovu" title="Guslač na krovu – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Guslač na krovu" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Viulunsoittaja_katolla" title="Viulunsoittaja katolla – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Viulunsoittaja katolla" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spelman_p%C3%A5_taket" title="Spelman på taket – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Spelman på taket" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Damdaki_Kemanc%C4%B1" title="Damdaki Kemancı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Damdaki Kemancı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a 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.hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about the 1964 musical. For the film, see <a href="/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof_(film)" title="Fiddler on the Roof (film)">Fiddler on the Roof (film)</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Anatevka" redirects here. For the Ukrainian village, see <a href="/wiki/Anatevka_(village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatevka (village)">Anatevka (village)</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vevent"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above">Fiddler on the Roof</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiddler_On_The_Roof_Playbill.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/d/dd/Fiddler_On_The_Roof_Playbill.jpg/220px-Fiddler_On_The_Roof_Playbill.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="333" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/d/dd/Fiddler_On_The_Roof_Playbill.jpg 1.5x" data-file-width="255" data-file-height="386" /></a><div class="infobox-caption"><a href="/wiki/Playbill" title="Playbill">Playbill</a> from the original Broadway production</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Music</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Bock" title="Jerry Bock">Jerry Bock</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Lyrics</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Harnick" title="Sheldon Harnick">Sheldon Harnick</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Book_(musical_theatre)" class="mw-redirect" title="Book (musical theatre)">Book</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stein" title="Joseph Stein">Joseph Stein</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Basis</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye and His Daughters</a> by <a href="/wiki/Sholem_Aleichem" title="Sholem Aleichem">Sholem Aleichem</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Productions</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>1964 <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a></li> <li>1967 <a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End</a></li> <li>1976 Broadway <a href="/wiki/Revival_(play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revival (play)">revival</a></li> <li>1981 Broadway revival</li> <li>1983 <a href="/wiki/West_End_revival" class="mw-redirect" title="West End revival">West End revival</a></li> <li>1990 Broadway revival</li> <li>1994 West End revival</li> <li>2003 <a href="/wiki/UK" class="mw-redirect" title="UK">UK</a> tour</li> <li>2004 Broadway revival</li> <li>2007 West End revival</li> <li>2008 UK tour</li> <li>2009 US tour</li> <li>2015 Broadway revival</li> <li>2018 US tour</li> <li>2019 West End revival</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Awards</th><td class="infobox-data"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1126788409"><div class="plainlist"> <ul><li>1965 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Musical" title="Tony Award for Best Musical">Tony Award for Best Musical</a></li> <li>1965 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Tony Award for Best Original Score">Tony Award for Best Score</a></li> <li>1965 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Book" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award for Best Book">Tony Award for Best Book</a></li> <li>1990 <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Revival_of_a_Musical" title="Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical">Tony Award for Best Revival of a Musical</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table> Fiddler on the Roof is a <a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre" title="Musical theatre">musical</a> with music by <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Bock" title="Jerry Bock">Jerry Bock</a>, lyrics by <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Harnick" title="Sheldon Harnick">Sheldon Harnick</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Musical_theatre#Book_musicals" title="Musical theatre">book</a> by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stein" title="Joseph Stein">Joseph Stein</a>, set in the <a href="/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement" title="Pale of Settlement">Pale of Settlement</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Imperial Russia</a> in or around 1905. It is based on <a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye and his Daughters</a> (or Tevye the Dairyman) and other tales by <a href="/wiki/Sholem_Aleichem" title="Sholem Aleichem">Sholem Aleichem</a>. The story centers on <a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye</a>, a milkman in the village of Anatevka, who attempts to maintain his <a href="/wiki/Jews" title="Jews">Jewish</a> religious and cultural traditions as outside influences encroach upon his family's lives. He must cope with the strong-willed actions of his three older daughters who wish to marry for love; their choices of husbands are successively less palatable for Tevye. An edict of the <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_II" title="Nicholas II">tsar</a> eventually evicts the Jews from their village. The original <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> production of the show, which opened in 1964, had the first musical theatre run in history to surpass 3,000 performances. Fiddler held the record for the <a href="/wiki/List_of_Broadway_shows_that_have_held_title_of_longest-running_show" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Broadway shows that have held title of longest-running show">longest-running Broadway musical</a> for almost 10 years until <a href="/wiki/Grease_(musical)" title="Grease (musical)">Grease</a> surpassed its run. The production was extraordinarily profitable and highly acclaimed. It won nine <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Awards</a>, including best musical, score, book, direction and choreography. It spawned five Broadway revivals and a highly successful <a href="/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof_(film)" title="Fiddler on the Roof (film)">1971 film adaptation</a> and has enjoyed enduring international popularity. It has also been a popular choice for school and community productions.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Background">Background</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Background">edit</a>]</div> Fiddler on the Roof is based on <a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye (or Tevye the Dairyman) and his Daughters</a>, a series of stories by <a href="/wiki/Sholem_Aleichem" title="Sholem Aleichem">Sholem Aleichem</a> that he wrote in <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> between 1894 and 1914 about Jewish life in a village in the <a href="/wiki/Pale_of_Settlement" title="Pale of Settlement">Pale of Settlement</a> of <a href="/wiki/Russian_Empire" title="Russian Empire">Imperial Russia</a> at the turn of the 20th century. The stories are based on Aleichem's own upbringing near <a href="/wiki/Kyiv" title="Kyiv">Kyiv</a> (fictionalized as <a href="/wiki/Yehupetz" title="Yehupetz">Yehupetz</a>). It is also influenced by Life is with People, by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Zborowski" title="Mark Zborowski">Mark Zborowski</a> and Elizabeth Herzog.<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> Aleichem wrote a dramatic adaptation of the stories that he left unfinished at his death, but which was produced in Yiddish in 1919 by the <a href="/wiki/Yiddish_Art_Theater" class="mw-redirect" title="Yiddish Art Theater">Yiddish Art Theater</a> and made into a film in the 1930s. In the late 1950s, a musical based on the stories, called Tevye and his Daughters, was produced <a href="/wiki/Off-Broadway" title="Off-Broadway">off-Broadway</a> by <a href="/wiki/Arnold_Perl" title="Arnold Perl">Arnold Perl</a>.<a href="#cite_note-Solomon1-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Rodgers_and_Hammerstein" title="Rodgers and Hammerstein">Rodgers and Hammerstein</a> and then <a href="/wiki/Mike_Todd" title="Mike Todd">Mike Todd</a> briefly considered bringing this musical to Broadway but dropped the idea.<a href="#cite_note-Brustein-4">[4]</a> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg/170px-Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="202" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg/255px-Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg/340px-Image-Chagall_Fiddler.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1428" data-file-height="1698" /></a><figcaption>The Fiddler by <a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Marc Chagall</a>, c. 1912</figcaption></figure> Investors and some in the media worried that Fiddler on the Roof might be considered "too Jewish" to attract mainstream audiences. Other critics considered that it was too culturally sanitized, "<a href="/wiki/Middlebrow" title="Middlebrow">middlebrow</a>" and superficial; <a href="/wiki/Philip_Roth" title="Philip Roth">Philip Roth</a>, writing in <a href="/wiki/The_New_Yorker" title="The New Yorker">The New Yorker</a>, called it <a href="/wiki/Shtetl" title="Shtetl">shtetl</a> kitsch. For example, it portrays the local Russian officer as sympathetic, instead of brutal and cruel, as Sholom Aleichem had described him. Aleichem's stories ended with Tevye alone, his wife dead and his daughters scattered; at the end of Fiddler, the family members are alive, and most are emigrating together to America.<a href="#cite_note-Solomon1-3">[3]</a><a href="#cite_note-Brustein-4">[4]</a> The show found the right balance for its time, even if not entirely authentic, to become "one of the first popular post-Holocaust depictions of the vanished world of Eastern European Jewry".<a href="#cite_note-Solomon1-3">[3]</a> <a href="/wiki/Harold_Prince" title="Harold Prince">Harold Prince</a> replaced the original producer <a href="/wiki/Fred_Coe" title="Fred Coe">Fred Coe</a> and brought in director/choreographer <a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins" title="Jerome Robbins">Jerome Robbins</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> The writers and Robbins considered naming the musical Tevye, before landing on a title suggested by various paintings by <a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Marc Chagall</a> (<a href="/wiki/Green_Violinist" title="Green Violinist">Green Violinist</a> (1924), Le Mort (1924), The Fiddler (1912)) that also inspired the original set design. Contrary to popular belief, the "title of the musical does not refer to any specific painting".<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> During rehearsals, one of the stars, Jewish actor <a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a>, feuded with Robbins, whom he held in contempt because Robbins had cooperated with the <a href="/wiki/House_Un-American_Activities_Committee" title="House Un-American Activities Committee">House Un-American Activities Committee</a> and hid his Jewish heritage from the public.<a href="#cite_note-Brustein-4">[4]</a> (Mostel, conversely, was admired for his confrontational testimony before the committee that led to his <a href="/wiki/Hollywood_blacklist" title="Hollywood blacklist">blacklisting</a> in the 1950s.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a>) Other cast members also had run-ins with Robbins, who reportedly "abused the cast, drove the designers crazy [and] strained the good nature of Hal Prince".<a href="#cite_note-Brustein-4">[4]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Synopsis">Synopsis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Synopsis">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Act_I">Act I</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Act I">edit</a>]</div> Tevye, a poor Jewish milkman with five daughters, explains the customs of the Jews in the <a href="/wiki/Russian_empire" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian empire">Russian</a> <a href="/wiki/Shtetl" title="Shtetl">shtetl</a> of Anatevka in 1905, where their lives are as precarious as the perch of a fiddler on a roof ("<a href="/wiki/Tradition_(song)" title="Tradition (song)">Tradition</a>"). At Tevye's home, everyone is busy preparing for the <a href="/wiki/Shabbat" title="Shabbat">Sabbath</a> meal. His sharp-tongued wife, Golde, orders their daughters, Tzeitel, Hodel, Chava, Shprintze and Bielke, about their tasks. Yente, the village <a href="/wiki/Shidduch" title="Shidduch">matchmaker</a>, arrives to tell Golde that Lazar Wolf, the wealthy butcher, a widower older than Tevye, wants to wed Tzeitel, the eldest daughter. The next two daughters, Hodel and Chava, are excited about Yente's visit, but Tzeitel illustrates how it could have bad results ("<a href="/wiki/Matchmaker,_Matchmaker" title="Matchmaker, Matchmaker">Matchmaker, Matchmaker</a>"). A girl from a poor family must take whatever husband Yente brings, but Tzeitel wants to marry her childhood friend, Motel the tailor. Tevye is delivering milk, pulling the cart himself, as his horse is lame. He asks God: Whom would it hurt "<a href="/wiki/If_I_Were_a_Rich_Man_(song)" title="If I Were a Rich Man (song)">If I Were a Rich Man</a>"? The bookseller tells Tevye news from the outside world of <a href="/wiki/Pogroms" class="mw-redirect" title="Pogroms">pogroms</a> and expulsions. A stranger, Perchik, hears their conversation and scolds them for doing nothing more than talk. The men dismiss Perchik as a radical, but Tevye invites him home for the Sabbath meal and offers him food and a room in exchange for tutoring his two youngest daughters. Golde tells Tevye to meet Lazar after the Sabbath but does not tell him why, knowing that Tevye does not like Lazar. Worried that Yente will find her a husband soon, Tzeitel tells Motel to ask Tevye for her hand before the Sabbath dinner. Motel resists, as he is afraid of Tevye's temper, and tradition says that a matchmaker must arrange marriages. Motel is also very poor and is saving up to buy a sewing machine before he approaches Tevye, to show that he can support a wife. The family gathers for the "Sabbath Prayer". After the Sabbath, Tevye meets Lazar for a drink at the village inn, assuming mistakenly that Lazar wants to buy his cow. Once the misunderstanding is cleared up, Tevye agrees to let Lazar marry Tzeitel – with a rich butcher, his daughter will never want for anything. All join in the celebration of Lazar's good fortune; even the Russian youths at the inn join in the celebration and show off their dancing skills ("<a href="/wiki/To_Life_(song)" title="To Life (song)">To Life</a>"). Outside the inn, Tevye happens upon the Russian Constable, who has jurisdiction over the Jews in the town. The Constable warns him that there is going to be a "little unofficial demonstration" in the coming weeks (a <a href="/wiki/Euphemism" title="Euphemism">euphemism</a> for a minor <a href="/wiki/Pogrom" title="Pogrom">pogrom</a>). The Constable has sympathy for the Jewish community but is powerless to prevent the violence. The next morning, after Perchik's lessons with the younger sisters, Tevye's second daughter Hodel mocks Perchik's Marxist interpretation of a Bible story. He, in turn, criticizes her for hanging on to the old traditions of Judaism, noting that the world is changing. To illustrate this, he dances with her, defying the prohibition against opposite sexes dancing together. The two begin to fall in love. Later, a <a href="/wiki/Hangover" title="Hangover">hungover</a> Tevye announces that he has agreed that Tzeitel will marry Lazar Wolf. Golde is overjoyed, but Tzeitel is devastated and begs Tevye not to force her. Motel arrives and tells Tevye that he is the perfect match for Tzeitel and that he and Tzeitel gave each other a pledge to marry. He promises that Tzeitel will not starve as his wife. Tevye is stunned and outraged at this breach of tradition, but impressed at the timid tailor's display of backbone. After some soul-searching ("Tevye's Monologue"), Tevye agrees to let them marry, but he worries about how to break the news to Golde. An overjoyed Motel celebrates with Tzeitel ("Miracle of Miracles"). In bed with Golde, Tevye pretends to be waking from a nightmare. Golde offers to interpret his dream, and Tevye "describes" it ("Tevye's Dream"). Golde's grandmother Tzeitel returns from the grave to bless the marriage of her namesake, but to Motel, not to Lazar Wolf. Lazar's formidable late wife, Fruma-Sarah ("<a href="/wiki/Frum" title="Frum">frum</a>" is a Yiddish word for a devout Jew), rises from her grave to warn, in graphic terms, of severe retribution if Tzeitel marries Lazar. The superstitious Golde is terrified, and she quickly counsels that Tzeitel must marry Motel. While returning from town, Tevye's third daughter, the bookish Chava, is teased and intimidated by some gentile youths. One, Fyedka, protects her, dismissing the others. He offers Chava the loan of a book, and a secret relationship begins. The wedding day of Tzeitel and Motel arrives, and all the Jews join the ceremony ("<a href="/wiki/Sunrise,_Sunset" title="Sunrise, Sunset">Sunrise, Sunset</a>") and the celebration ("The Wedding Dance"). Lazar gives a fine gift, but an argument arises with Tevye over the broken agreement. Perchik ends the tiff by breaking another tradition: he crosses the barrier between the men and women to dance with Tevye's daughter Hodel. The celebration ends abruptly when a group of Russians rides into the village to perform the "demonstration". They disrupt the party, damaging the wedding gifts and wounding Perchik, who attempts to fight back, and wreak more destruction in the village. Tevye instructs his family to clean up the mess. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Act_II">Act II</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Act II">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG/220px-PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG/330px-PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG/440px-PikiWiki_Israel_17388_Fiddler_on_the_Roof_in_Netanya.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a><figcaption>Fiddler On the Roof by Lev Segal in <a href="/wiki/Netanya" title="Netanya">Netanya</a>, Israel</figcaption></figure> Months later, Perchik tells Hodel he must return to Kyiv to work for the <a href="/wiki/1905_Russian_Revolution" class="mw-redirect" title="1905 Russian Revolution">revolution</a>. He proposes marriage, admitting that he loves her, and says that he will send for her. She agrees ("Now I Have Everything"). They tell Tevye that they are engaged, and he is appalled that they are flouting tradition by making their own match, especially as Perchik is leaving. When he forbids the marriage, Perchik and Hodel inform him that they do not seek his permission, only his blessing. After more soul searching, Tevye relents – the world is changing, and he must change with it ("Tevye's Rebuttal"). He informs the young couple that he gives them his blessing and his permission. Tevye explains these events to an astonished Golde. "Love", he says, "it's the new style." Tevye asks Golde, despite their own arranged marriage, "<a href="/wiki/Do_You_Love_Me%3F_(Fiddler_on_the_Roof)" title="Do You Love Me? (Fiddler on the Roof)">Do You Love Me?</a>" After dismissing Tevye's question as foolish, she eventually admits that, after 25 years of living and struggling together and raising five daughters, she does. Meanwhile, Yente tells Tzeitel that she saw Chava with Fyedka. News spreads quickly in Anatevka that Perchik has been arrested and <a href="/wiki/Katorga" title="Katorga">exiled to Siberia</a> ("The Rumor/I Just Heard"), and Hodel is determined to join him there. At the railway station, she explains to her father that her home is with her beloved, wherever he may be, although she will always love her family ("Far From the Home I Love"). Time passes. Motel has purchased a used sewing machine, and he and Tzeitel have had a baby. Chava finally gathers the courage to ask Tevye to allow her marriage to Fyedka. Again Tevye reaches deep into his soul, but <a href="/wiki/Apostasy_in_Judaism" title="Apostasy in Judaism">marriage outside the Jewish faith</a> is a line he will not cross. He forbids Chava to speak to Fyedka again. When Golde brings news that Chava has <a href="/wiki/Eloped" class="mw-redirect" title="Eloped">eloped</a> with Fyedka, Tevye wonders where he went wrong ("Chavaleh Sequence"). Chava returns and tries to reason with him, but he refuses to speak to her and tells the rest of the family to consider her dead. Meanwhile, rumors are spreading of the Russians expelling Jews from their villages. While the villagers are gathered, the Constable arrives to tell everyone that they have three days to pack up and leave the town. In shock, they reminisce about "Anatevka" and how hard it will be to leave what has been their home for so long. As the Jews leave Anatevka, Chava and Fyedka stop to tell her family that they are also leaving for <a href="/wiki/Krak%C3%B3w" title="Kraków">Kraków</a>, unwilling to remain among the people who could do such things to others. Tevye still will not talk to her, but when Tzeitel says goodbye to Chava, Tevye prompts her to add "God be with you." Motel and Tzeitel go to Poland as well but will join the rest of the family when they have saved up enough money. As Tevye, Golde and their two youngest daughters leave the village for America, the fiddler begins to play. Tevye beckons with a nod, and the fiddler follows them out of the village. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Musical_numbers">Musical numbers</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Musical numbers">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1216972533">.mw-parser-output .col-begin{border-collapse:collapse;padding:0;color:inherit;width:100%;border:0;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .col-begin-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .col-break{vertical-align:top;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .col-break-2{width:50%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-3{width:33.3%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-4{width:25%}.mw-parser-output .col-break-5{width:20%}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .col-begin,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr,.mw-parser-output .col-begin>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important}.mw-parser-output .col-break{padding-left:0!important}}</style><div> <table class="col-begin" role="presentation"> <tbody><tr> <td class="col-break col-break-2"> <dl><dt>Act I</dt></dl> <ul><li>"Prologue: <a href="/wiki/Tradition_(song)" title="Tradition (song)">Tradition</a>" – Tevye and Company</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Matchmaker,_Matchmaker" title="Matchmaker, Matchmaker">Matchmaker, Matchmaker</a>" – Tzeitel, Hodel and Chava</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Were_a_Rich_Man_(song)" title="If I Were a Rich Man (song)">If I Were a Rich Man</a>" – Tevye</li> <li>"Sabbath Prayer" – Tevye, Golde, Company</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/To_Life_(song)" title="To Life (song)">To Life</a>" – Tevye, Lazar Wolf, Russian soloist and Men</li> <li>"Tevye's Monologue" – Tevye</li> <li>"Miracle of Miracles" – Motel</li> <li>"Tevye's Dream" – Tevye, Golde, Grandma Tzeitel, Rabbi, Fruma-Sarah and Company</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sunrise,_Sunset" title="Sunrise, Sunset">Sunrise, Sunset</a>" – Tevye, Golde, Perchik, Hodel and Company</li> <li>"The Bottle Dance" – Instrumental</li></ul> </td> <td class="col-break"> <dl><dt>Act II</dt></dl> <ul><li>"Entr'acte" – Orchestra</li> <li>"Now I Have Everything" – Perchik and Hodel</li> <li>"Tevye's Rebuttal" – Tevye</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_You_Love_Me%3F_(Fiddler_on_the_Roof)" title="Do You Love Me? (Fiddler on the Roof)">Do You Love Me?</a>" – Tevye and Golde</li> <li>"The Rumor/I Just Heard" – Yente and Villagers<a href="#cite_note-8">[a]</a></li> <li>"Far From the Home I Love" – Hodel</li> <li>"Chavaleh (Little Bird)" – Tevye</li> <li>"Anatevka" – The Company</li></ul> </td></tr></tbody></table></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-8"><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a> The 2004 revival featured a song for Yente and some women of the village (Rivka and Mirala) titled "Topsy Turvy", discussing the disappearing role of the <a href="/wiki/Matchmaking" title="Matchmaking">matchmaker</a> in society. The number replaced "The Rumor/I Just Heard". </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Principal_characters">Principal characters</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Principal characters">edit</a>]</div> All of the characters are Jewish, except as noted:<a href="#cite_note-9">[8]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[9]</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye</a>, a poor milkman with five daughters. A firm supporter of the traditions of his faith, he finds many of his convictions tested by the actions of his three oldest daughters.</li> <li>Golde, Tevye's sharp-tongued wife.</li> <li>Tzeitel, their oldest daughter, about nineteen. She loves her childhood friend Motel and marries him, even though he's poor, begging her father not to force her to marry Lazar Wolf.</li> <li>Hodel, their daughter, about seventeen. Intelligent and spirited, she falls in love with Perchik and later joins him in Siberia.</li> <li>Chava, their daughter, about fifteen. A shy and bookish girl, who falls in love with Fyedka.</li> <li>Motel Kamzoil, a poor but hardworking tailor who loves, and later marries, Tzeitel.</li> <li>Perchik, a student revolutionary who comes to Anatevka and falls in love with Hodel. He leaves for Kyiv, is arrested and exiled to Siberia.</li> <li>Fyedka, a young Christian. He shares Chava's passion for reading and is outraged by the Russians' treatment of the Jews.</li> <li>Lazar Wolf, the wealthy village butcher. Widower of Fruma-Sarah. Attempts to arrange a marriage for himself to Tzeitel.</li> <li>Yente, the gossipy village matchmaker who matches Tzeitel and Lazar.</li> <li>Grandma Tzeitel, Golde's dead grandmother, who rises from the grave in Tevye's "nightmare".</li> <li>Fruma-Sarah, Lazar Wolf's dead wife, who also rises from the grave in the "nightmare".</li> <li>Rabbi, the wise village leader.</li> <li>Constable, the head of the local Russian police, a Christian.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Casts">Casts</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Casts">edit</a>]</div> <table class="wikitable" style="width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th>Role </th> <th>Original Broadway Production (1964)<a href="#cite_note-11">[10]</a> </th> <th>Original West End Production (1967)<a href="#cite_note-12">[11]</a> </th> <th>1976 Broadway Revival<a href="#cite_note-13">[12]</a> </th> <th>1981 Broadway Revival<a href="#cite_note-14">[13]</a> </th> <th>1983 West End Revival<a href="#cite_note-WE1983-15">[14]</a> </th> <th>1990 Broadway Revival<a href="#cite_note-WE1983-15">[14]</a> </th> <th>1994 West End Revival<a href="#cite_note-16">[15]</a> </th> <th>2004 Broadway Revival<a href="#cite_note-17">[16]</a> </th> <th>2007 West End Revival<a href="#cite_note-18">[17]</a> </th> <th>2015 Broadway Revival<a href="#cite_note-19">[18]</a> </th> <th>2019 West End Revival<a href="#cite_note-20">[19]</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th>Tevye </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Topol" title="Chaim Topol">Chaim Topol</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Herschel_Bernardi" title="Herschel Bernardi">Herschel Bernardi</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="3"><a href="/wiki/Chaim_Topol" title="Chaim Topol">Chaim Topol</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Henry_Goodman" title="Henry Goodman">Henry Goodman</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Danny_Burstein" title="Danny Burstein">Danny Burstein</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Andy_Nyman" title="Andy Nyman">Andy Nyman</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Golde </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Karnilova" title="Maria Karnilova">Maria Karnilova</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Miriam_Karlin" title="Miriam Karlin">Miriam Karlin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Thelma Lee </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Karnilova" title="Maria Karnilova">Maria Karnilova</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Thelma_Ruby" title="Thelma Ruby">Thelma Ruby</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Marcia_Lewis" title="Marcia Lewis">Marcia Lewis</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sara_Kestelman" title="Sara Kestelman">Sara Kestelman</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Randy_Graff" title="Randy Graff">Randy Graff</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Beverley Klein </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jessica_Hecht" title="Jessica Hecht">Jessica Hecht</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Judy_Kuhn" title="Judy Kuhn">Judy Kuhn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th>Tzeitel </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Joanna_Merlin" title="Joanna Merlin">Joanna Merlin</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Nicols" title="Rosemary Nicols">Rosemary Nicols</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Elizabeth Hale </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Lori Ada Jaroslow </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jane_Gurnett" title="Jane Gurnett">Jane Gurnett</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sharon_Lawrence" title="Sharon Lawrence">Sharon Lawrence</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Jacquelyn Yorke </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Sally Murphy </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Frances Thoburn </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Silber" title="Alexandra Silber">Alexandra Silber</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Molly Osborne </td></tr> <tr> <th>Hodel </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Julia_Migenes" title="Julia Migenes">Julia Migenes</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Linda Gardner </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Christopher Callan </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Donalyn Petrucci </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Andrea Levine </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Tia Riebling </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Jo John </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Laura_Michelle_Kelly" title="Laura Michelle Kelly">Laura Michelle Kelly</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Silber" title="Alexandra Silber">Alexandra Silber</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Samantha_Massell" title="Samantha Massell">Samantha Massell</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Harriet Bunton </td></tr> <tr> <th>Chava </th> <td style="text-align:center;">Tanya Evertt </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Caryl Little </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Nancy Tomkins </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Liz_Larsen" title="Liz Larsen">Liz Larsen</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Lisa_Jacobs_(actress)" title="Lisa Jacobs (actress)">Lisa Jacobs</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Jennifer Prescott </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Adi Topol-Margalith </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Tricia Paoluccio </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Natasha Broomfield </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Melanie_Moore" title="Melanie Moore">Melanie Moore</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Nicola Brown </td></tr> <tr> <th>Motel Kamzoil </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Austin_Pendleton" title="Austin Pendleton">Austin Pendleton</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Lynn" title="Jonathan Lynn">Jonathan Lynn</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Irwin Pearl </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Michelan_Sisti" title="Michelan Sisti">Michelan Sisti</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Peter Whitman </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jack_Kenny" title="Jack Kenny">Jack Kenny</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Neil Rutherford </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/John_Cariani" title="John Cariani">John Cariani</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Gareth Kennerley </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Adam_Kantor" title="Adam Kantor">Adam Kantor</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Joshua Gannon </td></tr> <tr> <th>Perchik </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Bert_Convy" title="Bert Convy">Bert Convy</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Sandor_El%C3%A8s" title="Sandor Elès">Sandor Elès</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Keller" title="Jeff Keller">Jeff Keller</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">James Werner </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Steven Mann </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Gary Schwartz </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Peter_Darling" title="Peter Darling">Peter Darling</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Robert_Petkoff" title="Robert Petkoff">Robert Petkoff</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Damian_Humbley" title="Damian Humbley">Damian Humbley</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ben_Rappaport" title="Ben Rappaport">Ben Rappaport</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Stewart Clarke </td></tr> <tr> <th>Fyedka </th> <td style="text-align:center;">Joe Ponazecki </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Tim Goodman </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Rick Friesen </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Joel Robertson </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Christopher Snell </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ron_Bohmer" title="Ron Bohmer">Ron Bohmer</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Kieran Creggan </td> <td style="text-align:center;">David Ayers </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Michael Conway </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Nick Rehberger </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Matthew Hawksley </td></tr> <tr> <th>Lazar Wolf </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Michael_Granger" title="Michael Granger">Michael Granger</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Whitsun-Jones" title="Paul Whitsun-Jones">Paul Whitsun-Jones</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="2"><a href="/wiki/Paul_Lipson" title="Paul Lipson">Paul Lipson</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/David_Jackson_(actor)" title="David Jackson (actor)">David Jackson</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Mark Zeller </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/David_Bacon_(actor)" title="David Bacon (actor)">David Bacon</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">David Wohl </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Victor_McGuire" title="Victor McGuire">Victor McGuire</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Adam Dannheisser </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Dermot Canavan </td></tr> <tr> <th>Yente </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatrice Arthur">Beatrice Arthur</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Cynthia Grenville </td> <td style="text-align:center;" colspan="2">Ruth Jaroslow </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Maria_Charles" title="Maria Charles">Maria Charles</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Ruth Jaroslow </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Margaret Robertson </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Nancy_Opel" title="Nancy Opel">Nancy Opel</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Julie_Legrand" title="Julie Legrand">Julie Legrand</a> </td> <td style="text-align:center;">Alix Korey </td> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Louise_Gold" title="Louise Gold">Louise Gold</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Notable_replacements">Notable replacements</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Notable replacements">edit</a>]</div> <dl><dt>Broadway (1964–72)</dt></dl> <ul><li>Tevye: <a href="/wiki/Luther_Adler" title="Luther Adler">Luther Adler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Bernardi" title="Herschel Bernardi">Herschel Bernardi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Harry_Goz" title="Harry Goz">Harry Goz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lipson" title="Paul Lipson">Paul Lipson</a></li> <li>Golde: <a href="/wiki/Peg_Murray" title="Peg Murray">Peg Murray</a>, <a href="/wiki/Martha_Schlamme" title="Martha Schlamme">Martha Schlamme</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dolores_Wilson" title="Dolores Wilson">Dolores Wilson</a></li> <li>Tzeitel: <a href="/wiki/Rosalind_Harris" title="Rosalind Harris">Rosalind Harris</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a></li> <li>Hodel: <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Barbeau" title="Adrienne Barbeau">Adrienne Barbeau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Susan_Hufford" title="Susan Hufford">Susan Hufford</a></li> <li>Perchik: <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Frey" title="Leonard Frey">Leonard Frey</a>, <a href="/wiki/Michael_Zaslow" title="Michael Zaslow">Michael Zaslow</a></li> <li>Lazar Wolf: <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lipson" title="Paul Lipson">Paul Lipson</a></li> <li>Yente: <a href="/wiki/Florence_Stanley" title="Florence Stanley">Florence Stanley</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Broadway revival (1990–91)</dt></dl> <ul><li>Perchik: <a href="/wiki/Brad_Little_(actor)" title="Brad Little (actor)">Brad Little</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Broadway revival (2004–06)</dt></dl> <ul><li>Tevye: <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fierstein" title="Harvey Fierstein">Harvey Fierstein</a></li> <li>Golde: <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Martin" title="Andrea Martin">Andrea Martin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rosie_O%27Donnell" title="Rosie O'Donnell">Rosie O'Donnell</a></li> <li>Yente: <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Barrie" title="Barbara Barrie">Barbara Barrie</a></li></ul> <dl><dt>Broadway revival (2015–16)</dt></dl> <ul><li>Golde: <a href="/wiki/Judy_Kuhn" title="Judy Kuhn">Judy Kuhn</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Productions">Productions</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Productions">edit</a>]</div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Original_productions">Original productions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Original productions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG/170px-Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG" decoding="async" width="170" height="221" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG/255px-Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/20/Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG/340px-Zero_Mostel_-_Fiddler.JPG 2x" data-file-width="812" data-file-height="1054" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a> as <a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye</a> in the original Broadway production, 1964</figcaption></figure> Following its tryout at Detroit's <a href="/wiki/Fisher_Building#Fisher_Theatre" title="Fisher Building">Fisher Theatre</a> in July and August 1964,<a href="#cite_note-21">[20]</a> then Washington in August to September,<a href="#cite_note-Henneberger-22">[21]</a> the original Broadway production opened on September 22, 1964, at the <a href="/wiki/Imperial_Theatre_(Broadway)" class="mw-redirect" title="Imperial Theatre (Broadway)">Imperial Theatre</a>, transferred in 1967 to the <a href="/wiki/Majestic_Theatre_(Broadway)" title="Majestic Theatre (Broadway)">Majestic Theatre</a> and in 1970 to <a href="/wiki/The_Broadway_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="The Broadway Theatre">the Broadway Theatre</a>, and ran for a record-setting total of 3,242 performances.<a href="#cite_note-Hernandez-23">[22]</a> The production was directed and choreographed by Jerome Robbins – his last original Broadway staging.<a href="#cite_note-24">[23]</a> The set, designed in the style of <a href="/wiki/Marc_Chagall" title="Marc Chagall">Marc Chagall</a>'s paintings, was by <a href="/wiki/Boris_Aronson" title="Boris Aronson">Boris Aronson</a>.<a href="#cite_note-25">[24]</a> A colorful logo for the production, also inspired by Chagall's work, was designed by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Morrow_(artist)" title="Tom Morrow (artist)">Tom Morrow</a>. Chagall reportedly did not like the musical.<a href="#cite_note-Brustein-4">[4]</a> The cast included <a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a> as Tevye the milkman, <a href="/wiki/Maria_Karnilova" title="Maria Karnilova">Maria Karnilova</a> as his wife Golde (both won a Tony for their performances), <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatrice Arthur">Beatrice Arthur</a> as Yente the <a href="/wiki/Shidduch" title="Shidduch">matchmaker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austin_Pendleton" title="Austin Pendleton">Austin Pendleton</a> as Motel, <a href="/wiki/Bert_Convy" title="Bert Convy">Bert Convy</a> as Perchik the student revolutionary, <a href="/wiki/Gino_Conforti" title="Gino Conforti">Gino Conforti</a> as the fiddler, and <a href="/wiki/Julia_Migenes" title="Julia Migenes">Julia Migenes</a> as Hodel. Mostel <a href="/wiki/Ad-lib" class="mw-redirect" title="Ad-lib">ad-libbed</a> increasingly as the run went on, "which drove the authors up the wall".<a href="#cite_note-Hernandez-23">[22]</a> <a href="/wiki/Joanna_Merlin" title="Joanna Merlin">Joanna Merlin</a> originated the role of Tzeitel, which was later assumed by <a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a> during the original run. Carol Sawyer was Fruma Sarah, <a href="/wiki/Adrienne_Barbeau" title="Adrienne Barbeau">Adrienne Barbeau</a> took a turn as Hodel, and <a href="/wiki/Pia_Zadora" title="Pia Zadora">Pia Zadora</a> played the youngest daughter, Bielke. Both <a href="/wiki/Peg_Murray" title="Peg Murray">Peg Murray</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dolores_Wilson" title="Dolores Wilson">Dolores Wilson</a> made extended appearances as Golde, while other stage actors who have played Tevye include <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Bernardi" title="Herschel Bernardi">Herschel Bernardi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Bikel" title="Theodore Bikel">Theodore Bikel</a> and <a href="/wiki/Harry_Goz" title="Harry Goz">Harry Goz</a> (in the original Broadway run), and <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Nimoy" title="Leonard Nimoy">Leonard Nimoy</a>. Mostel's understudy in the original production, <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lipson" title="Paul Lipson">Paul Lipson</a>, went on to appear as Tevye in more performances than any other actor (until <a href="/wiki/Chaim_Topol" title="Chaim Topol">Chaim Topol</a>), clocking over 2,000 performances in the role in the original run and several revivals.<a href="#cite_note-Lipson_obit-26">[25]</a> <a href="/wiki/Florence_Stanley" title="Florence Stanley">Florence Stanley</a> took over the role of Yente nine months into the run.<a href="#cite_note-27">[26]</a> The production earned $1,574 for every dollar invested in it.<a href="#cite_note-28">[27]</a> It was nominated for ten <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Awards</a>, winning nine, including Best Musical, score, book, direction and choreography, and acting awards for Mostel and Karnilova.<a href="#cite_note-Hernandez-23">[22]</a> The original London <a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End</a> production opened on February 16, 1967, at <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="Her Majesty's Theatre">Her Majesty's Theatre</a> and played for 2,030 performances.<a href="#cite_note-29">[28]</a> It starred Topol as Tevye, a role he had previously played in Tel Aviv, and <a href="/wiki/Miriam_Karlin" title="Miriam Karlin">Miriam Karlin</a> as Golde. <a href="/wiki/Alfie_Bass" title="Alfie Bass">Alfie Bass</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lex_Goudsmit" title="Lex Goudsmit">Lex Goudsmit</a> and Barry Martin eventually took over as Tevye.<a href="#cite_note-30">[29]</a> Topol later played Tevye in the 1971 film adaptation, for which he was nominated for an Academy Award, and in several revivals over the next four decades.<a href="#cite_note-31">[30]</a> The show was revived in London for short seasons in 1983 at the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Victoria_Theatre" title="Apollo Victoria Theatre">Apollo Victoria Theatre</a><a href="#cite_note-WE1983-15">[14]</a> and in 1994 at the <a href="/wiki/London_Palladium" title="London Palladium">London Palladium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-32">[31]</a><a href="#cite_note-WE1994-33">[32]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Broadway_revivals">Broadway revivals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Broadway revivals">edit</a>]</div> The first Broadway revival opened on December 28, 1976, and ran for 176 performances at the <a href="/wiki/Winter_Garden_Theatre" title="Winter Garden Theatre">Winter Garden Theatre</a>. <a href="/wiki/Zero_Mostel" title="Zero Mostel">Zero Mostel</a> starred as Tevye. Robbins directed and choreographed. A second Broadway revival opened on July 9, 1981, and played for a limited run (53 performances) at <a href="/wiki/Lincoln_Center" title="Lincoln Center">Lincoln Center</a>'s <a href="/wiki/David_H._Koch_Theater" title="David H. Koch Theater">New York State Theater</a>. It starred <a href="/wiki/Herschel_Bernardi" title="Herschel Bernardi">Herschel Bernardi</a> as Tevye and Karnilova as Golde. Other cast members included <a href="/wiki/Liz_Larsen" title="Liz Larsen">Liz Larsen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Fyvush_Finkel" title="Fyvush Finkel">Fyvush Finkel</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lawrence_Leritz" title="Lawrence Leritz">Lawrence Leritz</a> and <a href="/wiki/Paul_Lipson" title="Paul Lipson">Paul Lipson</a>. Robbins directed and choreographed. The third Broadway revival opened on November 18, 1990, and ran for 241 performances at the <a href="/wiki/George_Gershwin_Theatre" class="mw-redirect" title="George Gershwin Theatre">George Gershwin Theatre</a>. Topol starred as Tevye, and <a href="/wiki/Marcia_Lewis" title="Marcia Lewis">Marcia Lewis</a> was Golde. Robbins' production was reproduced by Ruth Mitchell and choreographer Sammy Dallas Bayes. The production won the Tony Award for Best Revival. A fourth Broadway revival opened on February 26, 2004, and ran for 36 previews and 781 performances at the <a href="/wiki/Minskoff_Theatre" title="Minskoff Theatre">Minskoff Theatre</a>. <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Molina" title="Alfred Molina">Alfred Molina</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fierstein" title="Harvey Fierstein">Harvey Fierstein</a>, starred as Tevye, and <a href="/wiki/Randy_Graff" title="Randy Graff">Randy Graff</a>, and later <a href="/wiki/Andrea_Martin" title="Andrea Martin">Andrea Martin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rosie_O%27Donnell" title="Rosie O'Donnell">Rosie O'Donnell</a>, was Golde. <a href="/wiki/Barbara_Barrie" title="Barbara Barrie">Barbara Barrie</a> and later <a href="/wiki/Nancy_Opel" title="Nancy Opel">Nancy Opel</a> played Yente, <a href="/wiki/Laura_Michelle_Kelly" title="Laura Michelle Kelly">Laura Michelle Kelly</a> played Hodel and <a href="/wiki/Lea_Michele" title="Lea Michele">Lea Michele</a> played Sprintze.<a href="#cite_note-34">[33]</a> It was directed by <a href="/wiki/David_Leveaux" title="David Leveaux">David Leveaux</a>. This production replaced Yente's song "The Rumor" with a song for Yente and two other women called "Topsy-Turvy". The production was nominated for six Tonys but did not win any. In June 2014, to celebrate the show's 50th anniversary, a gala celebration and reunion was held at <a href="/wiki/The_Town_Hall_(New_York_City)" title="The Town Hall (New York City)">the Town Hall</a> in New York City to benefit <a href="/wiki/National_Yiddish_Theatre_Folksbiene" class="mw-redirect" title="National Yiddish Theatre Folksbiene">National Yiddish Theatre Folksbiene</a>, with appearances by many of the cast members of the various Broadway productions and the 1971 film, as well as Sheldon Harnick, <a href="/wiki/Chita_Rivera" title="Chita Rivera">Chita Rivera</a>, <a href="/wiki/Karen_Ziemba" title="Karen Ziemba">Karen Ziemba</a>, <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Bell" title="Joshua Bell">Joshua Bell</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Zaks" title="Jerry Zaks">Jerry Zaks</a> and others.<a href="#cite_note-Henneberger-22">[21]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-36">[35]</a> The fifth Broadway revival began previews on November 20 and opened on December 20, 2015, at the <a href="/wiki/Broadway_Theatre_(53rd_Street)" title="Broadway Theatre (53rd Street)">Broadway Theatre</a>, with concept and choreography based on the original by Robbins. <a href="/wiki/Bartlett_Sher" title="Bartlett Sher">Bartlett Sher</a> directed, and <a href="/wiki/Hofesh_Shechter" title="Hofesh Shechter">Hofesh Shechter</a> choreographed. The cast starred <a href="/wiki/Danny_Burstein" title="Danny Burstein">Danny Burstein</a> as Tevye, with <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Hecht" title="Jessica Hecht">Jessica Hecht</a> as Golde, <a href="/wiki/Alexandra_Silber" title="Alexandra Silber">Alexandra Silber</a> as Tzeitel, <a href="/wiki/Adam_Kantor" title="Adam Kantor">Adam Kantor</a> as Motel, <a href="/wiki/Ben_Rappaport" title="Ben Rappaport">Ben Rappaport</a> as Perchik, <a href="/wiki/Samantha_Massell" title="Samantha Massell">Samantha Massell</a> as Hodel and <a href="/wiki/Melanie_Moore" title="Melanie Moore">Melanie Moore</a> as Chava. <a href="/wiki/Judy_Kuhn" title="Judy Kuhn">Judy Kuhn</a> replaced Hecht as Golde on November 22, 2016, for the last five weeks of the run.<a href="#cite_note-37">[36]</a> Designers include <a href="/wiki/Michael_Yeargan" title="Michael Yeargan">Michael Yeargan</a> (sets), <a href="/wiki/Catherine_Zuber" title="Catherine Zuber">Catherine Zuber</a> (costumes) and <a href="/wiki/Donald_Holder" title="Donald Holder">Donald Holder</a> (lighting).<a href="#cite_note-38">[37]</a> Initial reviews were mostly positive, finding Burstein and the show touching.<a href="#cite_note-39">[38]</a> The production was nominated for three Tony Awards but won none. It closed on December 31, 2016, after 463 performances.<a href="#cite_note-40">[39]</a> The U.S./Canadian tour of the Sher-directed production began in 2018[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] and was interrupted in March 2020 by the COVID-19 pandemic; it resumed in 2021<a href="#cite_note-41">[40]</a> and continued into 2023. The role of Tevye has been played by Yehezkel Lazarov into 2022, Danny Arnold then assumed the role for several months, and the last months are being played by Jonathan Hashmonay.<a href="#cite_note-42">[41]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="London_revivals">London revivals</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: London revivals">edit</a>]</div> Fiddler was first revived in London in 1983 at the <a href="/wiki/Apollo_Victoria_Theatre" title="Apollo Victoria Theatre">Apollo Victoria Theatre</a> (a four-month season starring Topol)<a href="#cite_note-WE1983-15">[14]</a> and again in 1994 at the <a href="/wiki/London_Palladium" title="London Palladium">London Palladium</a> for two months and then on tour, again starring Topol, and directed and choreographed by Sammy Dallas Bayes, recreating the Robbins production.<a href="#cite_note-WE1994-33">[32]</a> After a two-month tryout at the Crucible Theatre in <a href="/wiki/Sheffield" title="Sheffield">Sheffield</a>, England, a London revival opened on May 19, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Savoy_Theatre" title="Savoy Theatre">Savoy Theatre</a> starring <a href="/wiki/Henry_Goodman" title="Henry Goodman">Henry Goodman</a> as Tevye, Beverley Klein as Golde, Alexandra Silber as Hodel, Damian Humbley as Perchik and <a href="/wiki/Victor_McGuire" title="Victor McGuire">Victor McGuire</a> as Lazar Wolf. The production was directed by Lindsay Posner. Robbins' choreography was recreated by Sammy Dallas Bayes (who did the same for the 1990 Broadway revival), with additional choreography by Kate Flatt.<a href="#cite_note-43">[42]</a> A revival played at the <a href="/wiki/Menier_Chocolate_Factory" title="Menier Chocolate Factory">Menier Chocolate Factory</a> from November 23, 2018, until March 9, 2019, directed by <a href="/wiki/Trevor_Nunn" title="Trevor Nunn">Trevor Nunn</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Andy_Nyman" title="Andy Nyman">Andy Nyman</a> as Tevye and <a href="/wiki/Judy_Kuhn" title="Judy Kuhn">Judy Kuhn</a> as Golde.<a href="#cite_note-44">[43]</a> The production transferred to the <a href="/wiki/Playhouse_Theatre" title="Playhouse Theatre">Playhouse Theatre</a> in the <a href="/wiki/West_End_theatre" title="West End theatre">West End</a> on March 21, 2019, with an official opening on March 27.<a href="#cite_note-45">[44]</a> Replacement players included <a href="/wiki/Maria_Friedman" title="Maria Friedman">Maria Friedman</a> as Golde and <a href="/wiki/Anita_Dobson" title="Anita Dobson">Anita Dobson</a> as Yente. The run closed on November 2, 2019.<a href="#cite_note-46">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-47">[46]</a> A production played at the <a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_Open_Air_Theatre" title="Regent's Park Open Air Theatre">Regent's Park Open Air Theatre</a> from July 27 to September 28, 2024, directed by Jordan Fein, starring Adam Dannheisser as Tevye, <a href="/wiki/Lara_Pulver" title="Lara Pulver">Lara Pulver</a> as Golde, Liv Andrusier as Tzeitel, Georgia Bruce as Hodel, Hannah Bristow as Chava, Beverley Klein as Yente, Dan Wolff as Motel and Daniel Krikler as Perchik.<a href="#cite_note-48">[47]</a> The production was designed by Tom Scutt and choreographed by Julia Cheng.<a href="#cite_note-49">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_UK_productions">Other UK productions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Other UK productions">edit</a>]</div> A 2003 national tour played for seven months, with a radical design, directed by <a href="/wiki/Julian_Woolford" title="Julian Woolford">Julian Woolford</a> and choreographed by Chris Hocking. The production's minimalist set and costumes were monochromatic, and Fruma-Sarah was represented by a 12-foot puppet. This production was revived in 2008 starring <a href="/wiki/Joe_McGann" title="Joe McGann">Joe McGann</a>.<a href="#cite_note-50">[49]</a> The show toured the UK again in 2013 and 2014 starring <a href="/wiki/Paul_Michael_Glaser" title="Paul Michael Glaser">Paul Michael Glaser</a> as Tevye with direction and choreography by <a href="/wiki/Craig_Revel_Horwood" title="Craig Revel Horwood">Craig Revel Horwood</a>.<a href="#cite_note-51">[50]</a> A revival played at <a href="/wiki/Chichester_Festival_Theatre" title="Chichester Festival Theatre">Chichester Festival Theatre</a> from July 10 to September 2, 2017, directed by <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Evans_(actor)" title="Daniel Evans (actor)">Daniel Evans</a> and starring <a href="/wiki/Omid_Djalili" title="Omid Djalili">Omid Djalili</a> as Tevye and <a href="/wiki/Tracy-Ann_Oberman" title="Tracy-Ann Oberman">Tracy-Ann Oberman</a> as Golde.<a href="#cite_note-52">[51]</a> A production at <a href="/wiki/Regent%27s_Park_Open_Air_Theatre" title="Regent's Park Open Air Theatre">Regent's Park Open Air Theatre</a> ran from July 27 to 28 September 28, 2024, directed by Jordan Fein and starring Adam Dannheisser as Tevye.<a href="#cite_note-53">[52]</a> A review by Mark Lawson in The Guardian gave it five stars out of five and praised its use of the outdoor setting its focus on "the tradition of deflective Jewish humour" and an ending that invites "a broader reflection of displacement and refugee status".<a href="#cite_note-54">[53]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Australian_productions">Australian productions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Australian productions">edit</a>]</div> The original Australian production opened on June 16, 1967, at <a href="/wiki/Her_Majesty%27s_Theatre,_Sydney" title="Her Majesty's Theatre, Sydney">Her Majesty's Theatre</a> in Sydney. It starred <a href="/wiki/Hayes_Gordon" title="Hayes Gordon">Hayes Gordon</a> as Tevye and Brigid Lenihan as Golde.<a href="#cite_note-55">[54]</a> The production ran for two years.<a href="#cite_note-56">[55]</a> The first professional revival tour was staged by the <a href="/wiki/Opera_Australia" title="Opera Australia">Australian Opera</a> in 1984 with Gordon again playing Tevye. A young <a href="/wiki/Anthony_Warlow" title="Anthony Warlow">Anthony Warlow</a> played Fyedka.<a href="#cite_note-57">[56]</a> In 1998, 2005, 2006 and 2007, Topol recreated his role as Tevye in Australian productions, with seasons in Sydney,<a href="#cite_note-58">[57]</a> Brisbane,<a href="#cite_note-59">[58]</a> Melbourne,<a href="#cite_note-list-60">[59]</a> Perth, Wellington and Auckland.<a href="#cite_note-61">[60]</a> The musical was again revived in Melbourne and Sydney in 2015–2016 with Anthony Warlow as Tevye, <a href="/wiki/Sigrid_Thornton" title="Sigrid Thornton">Sigrid Thornton</a> as Golde and <a href="/wiki/Lior" title="Lior">Lior</a> as Motel.<a href="#cite_note-62">[61]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_notable_North_American_productions">Other notable North American productions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Other notable North American productions">edit</a>]</div> Topol in 'Fiddler on the Roof': The Farewell Tour opened on January 20, 2009, in <a href="/wiki/Wilmington,_Delaware" title="Wilmington, Delaware">Wilmington, Delaware</a>. Topol left the tour in November 2009 due to torn muscles. He was replaced by <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fierstein" title="Harvey Fierstein">Harvey Fierstein</a><a href="#cite_note-63">[62]</a> and <a href="/wiki/Theodore_Bikel" title="Theodore Bikel">Theodore Bikel</a>.<a href="#cite_note-64">[63]</a> The cast included Mary Stout, Susan Cella, <a href="/wiki/Bill_Nolte" title="Bill Nolte">Bill Nolte</a>, <a href="/wiki/Erik_Liberman" title="Erik Liberman">Erik Liberman</a>, Rena Strober, and Stephen Lee Anderson.<a href="#cite_note-65">[64]</a> <a href="/wiki/National_Yiddish_Theatre_Folksbiene" class="mw-redirect" title="National Yiddish Theatre Folksbiene">National Yiddish Theatre Folksbiene</a> mounted a Yiddish adaptation, <a href="/wiki/Fidler_Afn_Dakh" title="Fidler Afn Dakh">Fidler Afn Dakh</a>, at the <a href="/wiki/Museum_of_Jewish_Heritage" title="Museum of Jewish Heritage">Museum of Jewish Heritage</a> in New York City, under the direction of <a href="/wiki/Joel_Grey" title="Joel Grey">Joel Grey</a>, with a translation by Shraga Friedman that was first used in a 1965 Israeli production.<a href="#cite_note-66">[65]</a> The cast included <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Hoffman" title="Jackie Hoffman">Jackie Hoffman</a> as Yente, Steven Skybell as Tevye, <a href="/wiki/Daniel_Kahn_%26_the_Painted_Bird" title="Daniel Kahn & the Painted Bird">Daniel Kahn</a> as Pertshik, <a href="/wiki/Stephanie_Lynne_Mason" title="Stephanie Lynne Mason">Stephanie Lynne Mason</a> as Hodel and <a href="/wiki/Raquel_Nobile" title="Raquel Nobile">Raquel Nobile</a> as Shprintze.<a href="#cite_note-67">[66]</a> Previews began on July 4, and opening night was July 15, 2018. The production played through the end of that year.<a href="#cite_note-ManiaExtends-68">[67]</a> It then transferred to <a href="/wiki/Stage_42" title="Stage 42">Stage 42</a>, an off-Broadway theatre,<a href="#cite_note-69">[68]</a> with Skybell, Hoffman, Mason and Nobile reprising their roles. Previews began February 11, with opening night on February 21, 2019. Musical staging was by <a href="/wiki/Sta%C5%9B_Kmie%C4%87" title="Staś Kmieć">Staś Kmieć</a> (based on the original choreography by Robbins), with set design by <a href="/wiki/Beowulf_Boritt" title="Beowulf Boritt">Beowulf Boritt</a>, costumes by <a href="/wiki/Ann_Hould-Ward" title="Ann Hould-Ward">Ann Hould-Ward</a>, sound by <a href="/wiki/Dan_Moses_Schreier" title="Dan Moses Schreier">Dan Moses Schreier</a> and lighting by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Kaczorowski" title="Peter Kaczorowski">Peter Kaczorowski</a>.<a href="#cite_note-ManiaExtends-68">[67]</a><a href="#cite_note-70">[69]</a> The production closed on January 5, 2020.<a href="#cite_note-71">[70]</a> It won the 2019 <a href="/wiki/Drama_Desk_Award_for_Outstanding_Revival_of_a_Musical" title="Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival of a Musical">Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival of a Musical</a>.<a href="#cite_note-72">[71]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_and_amateur_productions">International and amateur productions</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: International and amateur productions">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg/220px-%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="148" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg/330px-%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f6/%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg/440px-%C5%A0uma%C5%99_na_st%C5%99e%C5%A1e.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2896" data-file-height="1944" /></a><figcaption>2006 production at the <a href="/wiki/Brno_City_Theatre" title="Brno City Theatre">Brno City Theatre</a> in the Czech Republic</figcaption></figure> The musical was an international hit, with early productions playing throughout Europe, in South America, Africa and Australia; 100 different productions were mounted in the former West Germany in the first three decades after the musical's premiere, and within five years after the collapse of the <a href="/wiki/Berlin_Wall" title="Berlin Wall">Berlin Wall</a>, 23 productions were staged in the former East Germany; and it was the longest-running musical ever seen in Tokyo.<a href="#cite_note-73">[72]</a> According to <a href="/wiki/BroadwayWorld" title="BroadwayWorld">BroadwayWorld</a>, the musical has been staged "in every metropolitan city in the world from Paris to Beijing."<a href="#cite_note-74">[73]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Hebrew_language" title="Hebrew language">Hebrew language</a> staging was produced in <a href="/wiki/Tel_Aviv" title="Tel Aviv">Tel Aviv</a> by the Israeli <a href="/wiki/Impresario" title="Impresario">impresario</a> <a href="/wiki/Giora_Godik" title="Giora Godik">Giora Godik</a> in the 1960s.<a href="#cite_note-Nahshon-75">[74]</a> This version was so successful that in 1965 Godik produced a <a href="/wiki/Yiddish" title="Yiddish">Yiddish</a> version translated by Shraga Friedman.<a href="#cite_note-Almagor-76">[75]</a> A 2008 Hebrew-language production ran at the <a href="/wiki/Cameri_Theatre" title="Cameri Theatre">Cameri Theatre</a> in Tel Aviv for more than six years. It was directed by Moshe Kepten, choreographed by <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Courtney" title="Dennis Courtney">Dennis Courtney</a> and starred Natan Datner.<a href="#cite_note-77">[76]</a><a href="#cite_note-78">[77]</a> Un violon sur le toît was produced in French at Paris's <a href="/wiki/Th%C3%A9%C3%A2tre_Marigny" title="Théâtre Marigny">théâtre Marigny</a> from November 1969 to May 1970, resuming from September to January 1971 (a total of 292 performances) with <a href="/wiki/Ivan_Rebroff" title="Ivan Rebroff">Ivan Rebroff</a> as Tevye and <a href="/wiki/Maria_Murano" title="Maria Murano">Maria Murano</a> as Golde. Another adaptation was produced in 2005 at the théâtre Comédia in Paris with Franck Vincent as Tevye and <a href="/wiki/Isabelle_Ferron" title="Isabelle Ferron">Isabelle Ferron</a> as Golde.<a href="#cite_note-79">[78]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Stratford_Shakespeare_Festival" class="mw-redirect" title="Stratford Shakespeare Festival">Stratford Shakespeare Festival</a> produced the musical from April to October 2013 at the Festival Theatre directed and choreographed by Donna Feore. It starred <a href="/wiki/Scott_Wentworth" title="Scott Wentworth">Scott Wentworth</a> as Tevye.<a href="#cite_note-80">[79]</a> An Italian version, Il violinista sul tetto, with lyrics sung in Yiddish and the orchestra on stage also serving as chorus, was given a touring production in 2004, with <a href="/wiki/Moni_Ovadia" title="Moni Ovadia">Moni Ovadia</a> as Tevye and director; it opened at <a href="/wiki/Teatro_Municipale_(Reggio_Emilia)" title="Teatro Municipale (Reggio Emilia)">Teatro Municipale Valli</a> in <a href="/wiki/Reggio_Emilia" title="Reggio Emilia">Reggio Emilia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-81">[80]</a> The musical receives about 500 amateur productions a year in the US alone.<a href="#cite_note-82">[81]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Film_adaptations_and_recordings">Film adaptations and recordings</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Film adaptations and recordings">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof_(film)" title="Fiddler on the Roof (film)">Fiddler on the Roof (film)</a></div> A film version was released by <a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a> in 1971, directed and produced by <a href="/wiki/Norman_Jewison" title="Norman Jewison">Norman Jewison</a>, and Stein adapted his own book for the screenplay. <a href="/wiki/Chaim_Topol" title="Chaim Topol">Chaim Topol</a> starred. The film received mostly positive reviews from film critics<a href="#cite_note-83">[82]</a> and became <a href="/wiki/1971_in_film" title="1971 in film">the highest-grossing film of 1971</a>.<a href="#cite_note-84">[83]</a> Fiddler received eight Oscar nominations, including <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Picture" title="Academy Award for Best Picture">Best Picture</a>, <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Director" title="Academy Award for Best Director">Best Director</a> for Jewison, <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Actor">Best Actor in a Leading Role</a> for Topol, and <a href="/wiki/Academy_Award_for_Best_Supporting_Actor" title="Academy Award for Best Supporting Actor">Best Actor in a Supporting Role</a> for <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Frey" title="Leonard Frey">Leonard Frey</a> (as Motel; in the original Broadway production, Frey was the rabbi's son). It won three, including best score/adaptation for arranger-conductor <a href="/wiki/John_Williams" title="John Williams">John Williams</a>.<a href="#cite_note-85">[84]</a> In the film version, the character of Yente is reduced, and Perchik's song to Hodel "Now I Have Everything" is cut and replaced by a scene in Kyiv. The "Chagall color palette" of the original Broadway production was exchanged for a grittier, more realistic depiction of the village of Anatevka.<a href="#cite_note-86">[85]</a><a href="#cite_note-87">[86]</a> Theatre historian <a href="/wiki/John_Kenrick_(theatre_writer)" title="John Kenrick (theatre writer)">John Kenrick</a> wrote that the original Broadway cast album released by <a href="/wiki/RCA_Victor" class="mw-redirect" title="RCA Victor">RCA Victor</a> in 1964, "shimmers – an essential recording in any show lover's collection", praising the cast. The remastered CD includes two recordings not on the original album, the bottle dance from the wedding scene and "Rumor" performed by <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Arthur" class="mw-redirect" title="Beatrice Arthur">Beatrice Arthur</a>. In 2020, the recording was selected by the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> for preservation in the <a href="/wiki/National_Recording_Registry" title="National Recording Registry">National Recording Registry</a> for being "culturally, historically, or aesthetically significant".<a href="#cite_note-88">[87]</a> Kenrick writes that while the original Broadway cast version is the clear first choice among recordings of this musical, he also likes the <a href="/wiki/Columbia_Records" title="Columbia Records">Columbia Records</a> studio cast album with Bernardi as Tevye; the film soundtrack, although he feels that the pace drags a bit; and some of the numerous foreign versions, including the Israeli, German and Japanese casts.<a href="#cite_note-89">[88]</a> As of 2020, <a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a> and producers <a href="/wiki/Dan_Jinks" title="Dan Jinks">Dan Jinks</a> and Aaron Harnick were planning a new film adaptation of the musical, with <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Kail" title="Thomas Kail">Thomas Kail</a> directing and co-producing, and <a href="/wiki/Steven_Levenson" title="Steven Levenson">Steven Levenson</a> penning the screenplay.<a href="#cite_note-90">[89]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultural_influence">Cultural influence</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Cultural influence">edit</a>]</div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg/220px-Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg/330px-Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg/440px-Fiddler_on_the_roof_statue_Birobidzhan_Russia.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>Statue of <a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye</a>, his horse, wagon, and passenger in <a href="/wiki/Birobidzhan" title="Birobidzhan">Birobidzhan</a>, Russia</figcaption></figure> The musical's popularity has led to numerous references in popular media and elsewhere.<a href="#cite_note-Solomon-91">[90]</a> A <a href="/wiki/Documentary_film" title="Documentary film">documentary film</a> about the musical's history and legacy, <a href="/wiki/Fiddler:_A_Miracle_of_Miracles" title="Fiddler: A Miracle of Miracles">Fiddler: A Miracle of Miracles</a>, was released in 2019.<a href="#cite_note-92">[91]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Parodies">Parodies</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Parodies">edit</a>]</div> Parodies relating to the show have included Antenna on the Roof (<a href="/wiki/Mad_(magazine)" title="Mad (magazine)">Mad</a> magazine #156, January 1973), which speculated about the lives of Tevye's descendants living in an assimilated 1970s suburban America.<a href="#cite_note-Solomon-91">[90]</a> In the film <a href="/wiki/Mrs._Doubtfire" title="Mrs. Doubtfire">Mrs. Doubtfire</a> (1993), <a href="/wiki/Robin_Williams" title="Robin Williams">Robin Williams</a> parodies "Matchmaker".<a href="#cite_note-93">[92]</a> In a 1994 <a href="/wiki/Animaniacs" title="Animaniacs">Animaniacs</a> parody, Pigeon on the Roof, <a href="/wiki/The_Goodfeathers" class="mw-redirect" title="The Goodfeathers">the Goodfeathers</a> decide to marry their girlfriends; song parodies include "Scorsese" ("Tradition"), "Egg Hatcher" ("Matchmaker") and others.<a href="#cite_note-94">[93]</a> In 2001, the <a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft_Historical_Society" title="H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society">H. P. Lovecraft Historical Society</a> published a musical theatre and album parody called <a href="/wiki/A_Shoggoth_on_the_Roof" title="A Shoggoth on the Roof">A Shoggoth on the Roof</a>, which sets music from Fiddler to a story based on the works of <a href="/wiki/H._P._Lovecraft" title="H. P. Lovecraft">H. P. Lovecraft</a>.<a href="#cite_note-95">[94]</a> Spanish comedian and TV-host <a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9_Mota_(comedian)" title="José Mota (comedian)">Jose Mota</a> parodied "If I Were a Rich Man" with the song "Si no fuera rico" ("If I weren't a rich man") during his 2008 New Year's Eve special.<a href="#cite_note-96">[95]</a> References to the musical on television have included a 2005 episode of <a href="/wiki/Gilmore_Girls" title="Gilmore Girls">Gilmore Girls</a> titled "Jews and Chinese Food", involving a production of the musical.<a href="#cite_note-97">[96]</a> A skit by <a href="/wiki/The_Electric_Company" title="The Electric Company">The Electric Company</a> is about a village fiddler with a fear of heights, so he is deemed "Fiddler on the Chair". In the <a href="/wiki/Family_Guy" title="Family Guy">Family Guy</a> episode "<a href="/wiki/When_You_Wish_Upon_a_Weinstein" title="When You Wish Upon a Weinstein">When You Wish Upon a Weinstein</a>" (2003), <a href="/wiki/William_Shatner" title="William Shatner">William Shatner</a> is depicted as playing Tevye in a scene from Fiddler.<a href="#cite_note-98">[97]</a> The second episode of <a href="/wiki/Muppets_Tonight" title="Muppets Tonight">Muppets Tonight</a>, in 1996, featured <a href="/wiki/Garth_Brooks" title="Garth Brooks">Garth Brooks</a> doing a piece of "If I were a Rich Man" in which he kicks several chickens off the roof. "The Rosie Show", a 1996 episode of <a href="/wiki/The_Nanny" title="The Nanny">The Nanny</a>, parodied the dream scene, when Mr. Sheffield fakes a dream to convince Fran not to be a regular on a TV show. A 2011 episode of NBC's <a href="/wiki/Community_(TV_series)" title="Community (TV series)">Community</a>, entitled "Competitive Wine Tasting", included a parody titled Fiddla, Please! with an all-black cast dressed in Fiddler on the Roof costumes, singing "It's Hard to Be Jewish in Russia, Yo".<a href="#cite_note-99">[98]</a> <a href="/wiki/Chabad.org" title="Chabad.org">Chabad.org</a> kicked off their 2008 "To Life" telethon with a pastiche of the fiddle solo and bottle dance from the musical.<a href="#cite_note-100">[99]</a> Broadway references have included <a href="/wiki/Spamalot" title="Spamalot">Spamalot</a>, where a "Grail dance" sends up the "bottle dance" in Fiddler's wedding scene.<a href="#cite_note-101">[100]</a> In 2001, Chicago's Improv Olympic produced a well-received parody, "The Roof Is on Fiddler", that used most of the original book of the musical but replaced the songs with 1980s pop songs.<a href="#cite_note-102">[101]</a> In 2004 the original Broadway cast of the musical <a href="/wiki/Avenue_Q" title="Avenue Q">Avenue Q</a> and the Broadway 2004 revival cast of Fiddler on the Roof collaborated for a Broadway Cares/Equity Fights AIDS benefit and produced an approximately 10-minute-long show, "Avenue Jew", that incorporated characters from both shows, including puppets. The song "Sunrise, Sunset" appears in the direct-to-video animated Disney film "<a href="/wiki/The_Lion_King_1%C2%BD" title="The Lion King 1½">The Lion King 1½</a>".[<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed">citation needed</a>] <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Covers">Covers</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Covers">edit</a>]</div> Songs from the musical have been covered by notable artists. For example, in 1964, jazz saxophonist <a href="/wiki/Cannonball_Adderley" title="Cannonball Adderley">Cannonball Adderley</a> recorded the album <a href="/wiki/Cannonball_Adderley%27s_Fiddler_on_the_Roof" title="Cannonball Adderley's Fiddler on the Roof">Fiddler on the Roof</a>, which featured jazz arrangements of eight songs from the musical. In a retrospective review <a href="/wiki/AllMusic" title="AllMusic">AllMusic</a> awarded the album 4 stars, stating, "Cannonball plays near his peak; this is certainly the finest album by this particular sextet".<a href="#cite_note-103">[102]</a> That same year, <a href="/wiki/Eydie_Gorm%C3%A9" title="Eydie Gormé">Eydie Gormé</a> released a single of "Matchmaker",<a href="#cite_note-104">[103]</a> and jazz guitarist <a href="/wiki/Wes_Montgomery" title="Wes Montgomery">Wes Montgomery</a> recorded the same tune for his album <a href="/wiki/Movin%27_Wes" title="Movin' Wes">Movin' Wes</a>.<a href="#cite_note-105">[104]</a> In 1999, <a href="/wiki/Knitting_Factory" title="Knitting Factory">Knitting Factory Records</a> released Knitting on the Roof, a compilation CD featuring covers of Fiddler songs by indie and experimental bands such as <a href="/wiki/The_Residents" title="The Residents">the Residents</a>, <a href="/wiki/Negativland" title="Negativland">Negativland</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Magnetic_Fields" title="The Magnetic Fields">the Magnetic Fields</a>.<a href="#cite_note-106">[105]</a><a href="#cite_note-107">[106]</a> <a href="/wiki/Indie_rock" title="Indie rock">Indie rock</a> band <a href="/wiki/Bright_Eyes_(band)" title="Bright Eyes (band)">Bright Eyes</a> recorded an adaptation of "Sunrise, Sunset" on their 2000 album <a href="/wiki/Fevers_and_Mirrors" title="Fevers and Mirrors">Fevers and Mirrors</a>. Allmusic gave the album a favorable review,<a href="#cite_note-108">[107]</a> and the online music magazine <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitchfork Media">Pitchfork Media</a> ranked it at number 170 on their list of top 200 albums of the 2000s.<a href="#cite_note-109">[108]</a> In 2005, Melbourne <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">punk</a> band <a href="/wiki/Yidcore" title="Yidcore">Yidcore</a> released a reworking of the entire show called <a href="/wiki/Eighth_Day_Slice/Fiddlin_on_ya_Roof" class="mw-redirect" title="Eighth Day Slice/Fiddlin on ya Roof">Fiddling on Ya Roof</a>.<a href="#cite_note-110">[109]</a> <a href="/wiki/Gwen_Stefani" title="Gwen Stefani">Gwen Stefani</a> and Eve covered "If I Were a Rich Man" as "<a href="/wiki/Rich_Girl_(Gwen_Stefani_song)" title="Rich Girl (Gwen Stefani song)">Rich Girl</a>" for Stefani's 2004 debut solo album <a href="/wiki/Love._Angel._Music._Baby." title="Love. Angel. Music. Baby.">Love. Angel. Music. Baby.</a> in 2004. The song was inspired by the 1993 British <a href="/wiki/Louchie_Lou_%26_Michie_One" title="Louchie Lou & Michie One">Louchie Lou & Michie One</a> <a href="/wiki/Ragga" title="Ragga">ragga</a> version of the same name.<a href="#cite_note-111">[110]</a> Stefani's version reached #7 on the <a href="/wiki/Billboard_Hot_100" title="Billboard Hot 100">Billboard Hot 100</a> chart, where it remained for over six months.<a href="#cite_note-112">[111]</a> It was certified gold by the <a href="/wiki/Recording_Industry_Association_of_America" title="Recording Industry Association of America">RIAA</a><a href="#cite_note-113">[112]</a> and nominated for a <a href="/wiki/Grammy_Award_for_Best_Rap/Sung_Collaboration" class="mw-redirect" title="Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration">Grammy Award for Best Rap/Sung Collaboration</a>.<a href="#cite_note-114">[113]</a> It was also covered in 2008 and 2009 by the <a href="/wiki/Capitol_Steps" title="Capitol Steps">Capitol Steps</a>, poking fun at Illinois politics, especially then-Governor <a href="/wiki/Rod_Blagojevich" title="Rod Blagojevich">Rod Blagojevich</a>.<a href="#cite_note-115">[114]</a> The <a href="/wiki/Santa_Clara_Vanguard_Drum_and_Bugle_Corps" title="Santa Clara Vanguard Drum and Bugle Corps">Santa Clara Vanguard Drum and Bugle Corps</a> performs the "Bottle Dance" from Fiddler as a "recurring trademark", including at the <a href="/wiki/Drum_Corps_International_World_Class_Champions" title="Drum Corps International World Class Champions">Drum Corps International World Championships</a>.<a href="#cite_note-116">[115]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other">Other</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Other">edit</a>]</div> The song "<a href="/wiki/Sunrise,_Sunset" title="Sunrise, Sunset">Sunrise, Sunset</a>" is often played at weddings,<a href="#cite_note-:0-117">[116]</a> and in 2011 <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Harnick" title="Sheldon Harnick">Sheldon Harnick</a> wrote two versions of the song, suitable for same-sex weddings, with minor word changes. For example, for male couples, changes include "When did they grow to be so handsome".<a href="#cite_note-:0-117">[116]</a> In 2015 a displaced persons camp southwest of Kyiv named <a href="/wiki/Anatevka_(village)" class="mw-redirect" title="Anatevka (village)">Anatevka</a> was built by Chabad Rabbi <a href="/wiki/Moshe_Azman" class="mw-redirect" title="Moshe Azman">Moshe Azman</a> to house the Jews fleeing the <a href="/wiki/Russo-Ukrainian_War" title="Russo-Ukrainian War">2014 Russian invasion of Ukraine</a>.<a href="#cite_note-118">[117]</a><a href="#cite_note-119">[118]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Awards">Awards</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Awards">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_for_Fiddler_on_the_Roof" class="mw-redirect" title="List of awards and nominations for Fiddler on the Roof">List of awards and nominations for Fiddler on the Roof</a></div> Fiddler's original <a href="/wiki/Broadway_theatre" title="Broadway theatre">Broadway</a> production in 1964 was nominated for ten <a href="/wiki/Tony_Award" class="mw-redirect" title="Tony Award">Tony Awards</a>, winning nine, including Best Musical, score, and book, and Robbins won for best direction and choreography. Mostel and Karnilova won as best leading actor and best featured actress. In 1972, the show won a special Tony on becoming the longest-running musical in Broadway history. Its revivals have also been honored. At the 1981 Tony Awards, Bernardi was nominated as best actor. Ten years later, the 1991 revival won for best revival, and Topol was nominated as best actor. The 2004 revival was nominated for six Tony Awards and three Drama Desk Awards but won none. The 2007 West End revival was nominated for <a href="/wiki/Olivier_Awards" class="mw-redirect" title="Olivier Awards">Olivier Awards</a> for best revival, and Goodman was nominated as best actor. The 2019 West End revival won the Olivier Award for best revival, and it received a further 7 nominations. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Notes">edit</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Michael_Paulson" title="Michael Paulson">Paulson, Michael</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/2015/12/19/theater/fiddler-on-the-roof-gets-a-debated-update.html">"Fiddler on the Roof Gets a Debated Update"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Times" title="The New York Times">The New York Times</a>, December 18, 2015, accessed March 6, 2018; and <a href="/wiki/Time_(magazine)" title="Time (magazine)">Time</a>, May 26, 2008, issue, p. 51 (reporting that Fiddler ranked as the seventh most frequently produced musical by U.S. high schools in 2007.) </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a> Joselit, Jenna Weissman. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://newrepublic.com/article/117621/wonder-wonders-and-worlds-sholem-aleichem-reviewed">"Fiddler on the Roof Distorted Sholem Aleichem"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_New_Republic" title="The New Republic">The New Republic</a>, June 7, 2014, accessed November 3, 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-Solomon1-3">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Solomon1_3-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Solomon1_3-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Solomon1_3-2">c</a> Solomon, Alisa. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://forward.com/articles/1710/how-efiddlere-became-folklore/">"How Fiddler Became Folklore"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Jewish_Daily_Forward" class="mw-redirect" title="The Jewish Daily Forward">The Jewish Daily Forward</a>, September 1, 2006, accessed January 29, 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-Brustein-4">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Brustein_4-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brustein_4-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brustein_4-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brustein_4-3">d</a> <a href="#cite_ref-Brustein_4-4">e</a> Brustein, Robert. "Fiddle Shtick", <a href="/wiki/The_New_York_Review_of_Books" title="The New York Review of Books">The New York Review of Books</a>, December 18, 2014, vol. 61, No. 20, pp. 82–83 </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.mtishows.com/show_detail.asp?showid=000036">Fiddler on the Roof</a>. Additional Facts, MTI, accessed May 6, 2010 </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a> Wecker, Menachem. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.washingtonpost.com/entertainment/theater_dance/marc-chagall-the-french-painter-who-inspired-the-title-fiddler-on-the-roof/2014/10/23/0230b382-5480-11e4-ba4b-f6333e2c0453_story.html">"Marc Chagall: The French painter who inspired the title Fiddler on the Roof"</a>, <a href="/wiki/The_Washington_Post" title="The Washington Post">The Washington Post</a>, October 24, 2014 </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFWarkGalliher2015" class="citation book cs1">Wark, Colin; Galliher, John F. (April 23, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Q5zlCAAAQBAJ&pg=PA16">Progressive Lawyers under Siege: Moral Panic during the McCarthy Years</a>. Lanham, Maryland: <a href="/wiki/Lexington_Books" class="mw-redirect" title="Lexington Books">Lexington Books</a>. p. 16. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-9560-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-7391-9560-4"><bdi>978-0-7391-9560-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Progressive+Lawyers+under+Siege%3A+Moral+Panic+during+the+McCarthy+Years&rft.place=Lanham%2C+Maryland&rft.pages=16&rft.pub=Lexington+Books&rft.date=2015-04-23&rft.isbn=978-0-7391-9560-4&rft.aulast=Wark&rft.aufirst=Colin&rft.au=Galliher%2C+John+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DQ5zlCAAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a> Bloom and Vlastnik, p. 98 </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.guidetomusicaltheatre.com/shows_f/fiddler_on_the_roof.htm">Fiddler on the Roof</a>, The Guide to Musical Theatre, accessed April 29, 2018 </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.playbill.com/production/fiddler-on-the-roof-imperial-theatre-vault-0000006051">"Fiddler on the Roof 1964 Playbill"</a>. <a href="/wiki/Playbill" title="Playbill">Playbill</a>. 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Overtur.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Overtur&rft.atitle=Fiddler+on+the+Roof+1967+West+End+Recording&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fovrtur.com%2Frecording%2F178947112&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.playbill.com/production/fiddler-on-the-roof-winter-garden-theatre-vault-0000011538">"Fiddler on the Roof 1976 Playbill"</a>. Playbill. 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Retrieved September 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Jewish+Standard&rft.atitle=Feting+%27Fiddler%27&rft.aulast=Palmer&rft.aufirst=Joanne&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjewishstandard.timesofisrael.com%2Ffeting-fiddler%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHetrick2014" class="citation web cs1">Hetrick, Adam (June 2, 2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbill.com/article/chita-rivera-karen-ziemba-and-more-join-fiddler-on-the-roof-at-town-hall-com-219034">"Chita Rivera, Karen Ziemba and More Join Fiddler on the Roof at Town Hall"</a>. Playbill. Retrieved September 27, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Playbill&rft.atitle=Chita+Rivera%2C+Karen+Ziemba+and+More+Join+Fiddler+on+the+Roof+at+Town+Hall&rft.date=2014-06-02&rft.aulast=Hetrick&rft.aufirst=Adam&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.playbill.com%2Farticle%2Fchita-rivera-karen-ziemba-and-more-join-fiddler-on-the-roof-at-town-hall-com-219034&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a> Gans. Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbill.com/article/broadways-fiddler-on-the-roof-welcomes-judy-kuhn-tonight">"Broadway's Fiddler on the Roof Welcomes Judy Kuhn Tonight"</a>, Playbill, November 22, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a> Simoes, Monica. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbill.com/news/article/to-life-watch-danny-burstein-alexandra-silber-and-company-give-a-spirited-sneak-peek-at-fiddler-on-the-roof-367314">"To Life! Watch Danny Burstein, Alexandra Silber and Company Give a Spirited Sneak Peek at Fiddler on the Roof"</a>, Playbill, October 15, 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-39"><a href="#cite_ref-39">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.broadwayworld.com/article/Review-Roundup-LChaim-Danny-Burstein-Leads-FIDDLER-ON-THE-ROOF-Revival--Updating-Live-20151220">"Review Roundup: L'Chaim! Danny Burstein Leads Fiddler on the Roof Revival"</a>, broadwayworld.com, December 20, 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-40"><a href="#cite_ref-40">^</a> Gans, Andrew. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbill.com/article/fiddler-on-the-roof-ends-broadway-run-december-31#">"Fiddler on the Roof Ends Broadway Run December 31"</a>, Playbill, December 31, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-41"><a href="#cite_ref-41">^</a> Moynihan, Caitlin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.broadway.com/buzz/201182/fiddler-on-the-roof-national-tour-starring-yehezkel-lazarov-will-resume-in-october">"Fiddler on the Roof National Tour, Starring Yehezkel Lazarov, Will Resume in October"</a>, Broadway.com, August 31, 2021 </li> <li id="cite_note-42"><a href="#cite_ref-42">^</a> Moynihan, Caitlin. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.broadway.com/buzz/202587/jonathan-hashmonay-maite-uzal-more-set-for-fiddler-on-the-roof-national-tour">"Jonathan Hashmonay, Maite Uzal & More Set for Fiddler on the Roof National Tour"</a>, Broadway.com, September 1, 2022 </li> <li id="cite_note-43"><a href="#cite_ref-43">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.thisistheatre.com/londonshows/fiddlerontheroof.html">Information about the 2007 London production of Fiddler on the Roof</a> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.playbill.com/article/londons-chocolate-factory-to-revive-fiddler-on-the-roof">"London's Chocolate Factory to Revive Fiddler on the Roof"</a>. 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Retrieved July 25, 2020.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Tras+desaparecer+Cruz+y+Raya+hago+un+trabajo+de+mayor+compromiso+social&rft.pub=El+Diario+Montenes&rft.date=2008-12-30&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eldiariomontanes.es%2F20081230%2Ftelevision%2Fdestacados%2Ftras-desaparecer-cruz-raya-20081230.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-97"><a href="#cite_ref-97">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tv.com/shows/gilmore-girls/jews-and-chinese-food-396577/recap">"Episode Recap: Gilmore Girls: 'Jews and Chinese Food'"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140812235828/http://www.tv.com/shows/gilmore-girls/jews-and-chinese-food-396577/recap/">Archived</a> August 12, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, TV.com, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-98"><a href="#cite_ref-98">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.sfjff.org/film/detail?id=5876">"When You Wish Upon a Weinstein"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140809143107/http://www.sfjff.org/film/detail?id=5876">Archived</a> August 9, 2014, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, San Francisco Jewish Film Festival, 2009, accessed April 3, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-99"><a href="#cite_ref-99">^</a> VanDerWerff, Emily Todd. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.avclub.com/community-competitive-wine-tasting-1798167935">"Community: 'Competitive Wine Tasting'"</a>, April 14, 2011 </li> <li id="cite_note-100"><a href="#cite_ref-100">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.bottledancers.com/2008_chabad_telethon.html">"The Amazing Bottle Dancers Kick Off the 2008 Chabad Telethon!"</a>, Bottledancers.com, 2008, accessed October 19, 2015 </li> <li id="cite_note-101"><a href="#cite_ref-101">^</a> Demers, Ben. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dctheatrescene.com/2012/03/15/monty-pythons-spamalot">"Monty Python's Spamalot"</a>, DCTheatreScene.com, March 15, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-102"><a href="#cite_ref-102">^</a> Jones, Chris. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.chicagotribune.com/2001/06/28/parody-hits-the-roof/">"Parody hits the Roof"</a>, Chicago Tribune, June 28, 2001, accessed January 25, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-103"><a href="#cite_ref-103">^</a> Yanow, S. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/r641146">"Cannonball Adderley's Fiddler on the Roof"</a>, Allmusic, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-104"><a href="#cite_ref-104">^</a> Sobel, Robert. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=8CgEAAAAMBAJ&pg=PA18">"For Eydie and Steve, It's Fun and Songs – Marriage Style"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Billboard_(magazine)" title="Billboard (magazine)">Billboard</a>, October 15, 1966, p. 18, accessed October 28, 2016 </li> <li id="cite_note-105"><a href="#cite_ref-105">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/movin-wes-mw0000649660">Movin' Wes</a>, Allmusic, accessed July 30, 2020 </li> <li id="cite_note-106"><a href="#cite_ref-106">^</a> Kim, Wook. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ew.com/article/2000/01/07/knitting-roof">"Music Review: Knitting on the Roof"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Weekly" title="Entertainment Weekly">Entertainment Weekly</a>, January 7, 2000, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-107"><a href="#cite_ref-107">^</a> Layne, Joslyn. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/album/knitting-on-the-roof-r443780">"Review: Knitting on the Roof"</a>, Allmusic, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-108"><a href="#cite_ref-108">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.allmusic.com/album/r480663">Fevers and Mirrors</a>, Allmusic, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-109"><a href="#cite_ref-109">^</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://pitchfork.com/features/staff-lists/7706-the-top-200-albums-of-the-2000s-200-151/4/">"The Top 200 Albums of the 2000s: 200–151"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pitchfork_Media" class="mw-redirect" title="Pitchfork Media">Pitchfork Media</a>, September 28, 2009, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-110"><a href="#cite_ref-110">^</a> Shand, John. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.smh.com.au/news/music/yidcore-eighth-day-slicefiddlin-on-ya-roof/2005/10/20/1129775889450.html">"Yidcore: Eighth Day Slice/Fiddlin' on Ya Roof"</a>, Sydney Morning Herald, October 20, 2005, accessed March 30, 2012 </li> <li id="cite_note-111"><a href="#cite_ref-111">^</a> Ives, Brian and C. Bottomley. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.vh1.com/artists/interview/1495320/20050105/stefani_gwen.jhtml">"Gwen Stefani: The Solo Express"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20070507003406/http://www.vh1.com/artists/interview/1495320/20050105/stefani_gwen.jhtml">Archived</a> May 7, 2007, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>, <a href="/wiki/VH1" title="VH1">VH1</a>, <a href="/wiki/MTV_Networks" class="mw-redirect" title="MTV Networks">MTV Networks</a>, January 5, 2005, accessed May 22, 2007 </li> <li id="cite_note-112"><a href="#cite_ref-112">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation magazine cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.billboard.com/artist/gwen-stefani/chart-history/">"Rich Girl – Gwen Stefani"</a>. Billboard. <a href="/wiki/Prometheus_Global_Media" title="Prometheus Global Media">Prometheus Global Media</a>. 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October 6, 2011. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dallasvoice.com/sunrise-sunset-gay-lyric-honor-same-sex-marriage-1091424.html">the original</a> on August 18, 2018. Retrieved August 24, 2023.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%27Sunrise%2C+Sunset%27+gets+gay+lyric+-+Dallas+Voice&rft.date=2011-10-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdallasvoice.com%2Fsunrise-sunset-gay-lyric-honor-same-sex-marriage-1091424.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> <li id="cite_note-118"><a href="#cite_ref-118">^</a> <a href="/wiki/Simona_Weinglass" class="mw-redirect" title="Simona Weinglass">Weinglass, Simona</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesofisrael.com/inside-anatevka-the-curious-chabad-hamlet-in-ukraine-where-giuliani-is-mayor">"Inside Anatevka, the curious Chabad hamlet in Ukraine where Giuliani is 'mayor'"</a>, <a href="/wiki/Times_of_Israel" class="mw-redirect" title="Times of Israel">Times of Israel</a>, January 31, 2020 </li> <li id="cite_note-119"><a href="#cite_ref-119">^</a> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLiphshiz2015" class="citation web cs1">Liphshiz, Cnaan (July 21, 2015). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://forward.com/culture/312338/ukrainian-jewish-refugees-can-now-escape-to-anatevka/">"'Fiddler on The Roof' Shtetl To Become Real-Life Refuge For Ukraine's Jews"</a>. Forward.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Forward&rft.atitle=%27Fiddler+on+The+Roof%27+Shtetl+To+Become+Real-Life+Refuge+For+Ukraine%27s+Jews&rft.date=2015-07-21&rft.aulast=Liphshiz&rft.aufirst=Cnaan&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fforward.com%2Fculture%2F312338%2Fukrainian-jewish-refugees-can-now-escape-to-anatevka%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: References">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBloom,_KenFrank_Vlastnik2004" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Ken_Bloom_(writer)" title="Ken Bloom (writer)">Bloom, Ken</a>; <a href="/wiki/Frank_Vlastnik" title="Frank Vlastnik">Frank Vlastnik</a> (October 1, 2004). Broadway Musicals: The 101 Greatest Shows of All Time. New York, New York: Black Dog & Leventhal Publishers. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-57912-390-2" title="Special:BookSources/1-57912-390-2"><bdi>1-57912-390-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Broadway+Musicals%3A+The+101+Greatest+Shows+of+All+Time&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Black+Dog+%26+Leventhal+Publishers&rft.date=2004-10-01&rft.isbn=1-57912-390-2&rft.au=Bloom%2C+Ken&rft.au=Frank+Vlastnik&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988">, p. 98</li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFKantor,_MichaelLaurence_Maslon2004" class="citation book cs1">Kantor, Michael; <a href="/wiki/Laurence_Maslon" title="Laurence Maslon">Laurence Maslon</a> (2004). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/broadwayamerican00kant">Broadway: the American musical</a>. New York, New York: Bulfinch Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8212-2905-2" title="Special:BookSources/0-8212-2905-2"><bdi>0-8212-2905-2</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Broadway%3A+the+American+musical&rft.place=New+York%2C+New+York&rft.pub=Bulfinch+Press&rft.date=2004&rft.isbn=0-8212-2905-2&rft.au=Kantor%2C+Michael&rft.au=Laurence+Maslon&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fbroadwayamerican00kant&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"></li> <li>Rich, Frank. The Theatre Art of Boris Aronson (1987), Knopf <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-394-52913-8" title="Special:BookSources/0-394-52913-8">0-394-52913-8</a></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWhitfield2003" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Stephen_J._Whitfield" title="Stephen J. Whitfield">Whitfield, Stephen J.</a> (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2EXMH9rxlQoC&q=fiddler%20on%20the%20roof&pg=PA105">"Fiddling with Sholem Aleichem: A History of Fiddler on the Roof"</a>. Key texts in American Jewish culture. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-8135-3221-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-8135-3221-3"><bdi>0-8135-3221-3</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Fiddling+with+Sholem+Aleichem%3A+A+History+of+Fiddler+on+the+Roof&rft.btitle=Key+texts+in+American+Jewish+culture&rft.place=New+Brunswick%2C+NJ&rft.pub=Rutgers+University+Press&rft.date=2003&rft.isbn=0-8135-3221-3&rft.aulast=Whitfield&rft.aufirst=Stephen+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2EXMH9rxlQoC%26q%3Dfiddler%2520on%2520the%2520roof%26pg%3DPA105&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFiddler+on+the+Roof" class="Z3988"></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Further reading">edit</a>]</div> <ul><li>Altman, Richard (1971). The Making of a Musical: Fiddler on the Roof. Crown Publishers.</li> <li>Isenberg, Barbara (2014). Tradition!: The Highly Improbable, Ultimately Triumphant Broadway-to-Hollywood Story of Fiddler on the Roof, the World's Most Beloved Musical. New York: St. Martin's Press. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-312-59142-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-312-59142-7">978-0-312-59142-7</a>.</li> <li>Solomon, Alisa (2013). Wonder of Wonders: A Cultural History of Fiddler on the Roof. Metropolitan Books. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0805092609" title="Special:BookSources/0805092609">0805092609</a>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Fiddler_on_the_Roof&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: External links">edit</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 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href="http://www.playbill.com/article/long-runs-on-broadway-com-109864">List of longest-running Broadway productions from Playbill</a></li></ul> <table class="wikitable succession-box noprint" style="margin:0.5em auto; font-size:small;clear:both;"> <tbody><tr style="text-align:center;"> <td style="width:30%;" rowspan="1">Preceded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Life_with_Father" title="Life with Father">Life with Father</a></div> </td> <td style="width: 40%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1"> <a href="/wiki/List_of_the_longest-running_Broadway_shows#Timeline_of_longest-running_Broadway_shows" title="List of the longest-running Broadway shows">Longest-running Broadway show</a> 1972–1979 </td> <td style="width: 30%; text-align: center;" rowspan="1">Succeeded by<div style="font-weight: bold"><a href="/wiki/Grease_(musical)" title="Grease (musical)">Grease</a></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="navbox-styles"><style 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style="width:1%">Characters</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tevye" title="Tevye">Tevye</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Adaptations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fiddler_on_the_Roof_(film)" title="Fiddler on the Roof (film)">Fiddler on the Roof</a> (1971 film)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Songs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>"<a href="/wiki/Tradition_(song)" title="Tradition (song)">Tradition</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Matchmaker,_Matchmaker" title="Matchmaker, Matchmaker">Matchmaker, Matchmaker</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/If_I_Were_a_Rich_Man_(song)" title="If I Were a Rich Man (song)">If I Were a Rich Man</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/To_Life_(song)" title="To Life (song)">To Life</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Sunrise,_Sunset" title="Sunrise, Sunset">Sunrise, Sunset</a>"</li> <li>"<a href="/wiki/Do_You_Love_Me%3F_(Fiddler_on_the_Roof)" title="Do You Love Me? (Fiddler on the Roof)">Do You Love Me?</a>"</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sholem_Aleichem" title="Sholem Aleichem">Sholem Aleichem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_awards_and_nominations_for_Fiddler_on_the_Roof" class="mw-redirect" title="List of awards and nominations for Fiddler on the Roof">Accolades</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Shoggoth_on_the_Roof" title="A Shoggoth on the Roof">A Shoggoth on the Roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tevya_(film)" title="Tevya (film)">Tevya (film)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiddler:_A_Miracle_of_Miracles" title="Fiddler: A Miracle of Miracles">Fiddler: A Miracle of Miracles</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><img alt="" 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and <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Harnick" title="Sheldon Harnick">Sheldon Harnick</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Body_Beautiful" title="The Body Beautiful">The Body Beautiful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiorello!" title="Fiorello!">Fiorello!</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenderloin_(musical)" title="Tenderloin (musical)">Tenderloin</a></li> <li>To Broadway With Love</li> <li><a href="/wiki/She_Loves_Me" title="She Loves Me">She Loves Me</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Apple_Tree" title="The Apple Tree">The Apple Tree</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baker_Street_(musical)" title="Baker Street (musical)">Baker Street</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Rothschilds_(musical)" title="The Rothschilds (musical)">The Rothschilds</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link 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href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Joseph_Stein" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Joseph Stein"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Works_of_Joseph_Stein" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Works of <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stein" title="Joseph Stein">Joseph Stein</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lend_an_Ear" title="Lend an Ear">Lend an Ear</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mrs._Gibbons%27_Boys" title="Mrs. Gibbons' Boys">Mrs. Gibbons' Boys</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alive_and_Kicking_(musical)" title="Alive and Kicking (musical)">Alive and Kicking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plain_and_Fancy" title="Plain and Fancy">Plain and Fancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mr._Wonderful_(musical)" title="Mr. Wonderful (musical)">Mr. Wonderful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Body_Beautiful" title="The Body Beautiful">The Body Beautiful</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Take_Me_Along" title="Take Me Along">Take Me Along</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Juno_(musical)" title="Juno (musical)">Juno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Enter_Laughing" title="Enter Laughing">Enter Laughing</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zorba_(musical)" title="Zorba (musical)">Zorba</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irene_(musical)" title="Irene (musical)">Irene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Baker%27s_Wife" title="The Baker's Wife">The Baker's Wife</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/King_of_Hearts_(musical)" title="King of Hearts (musical)">King of Hearts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carmelina" title="Carmelina">Carmelina</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rags_(musical)" title="Rags (musical)">Rags</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_About_Us_(musical)" title="All About Us (musical)">All About Us</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Before_the_Dawn_(novel)" title="Before the Dawn (novel)">Before the Dawn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Awards_for_Fiddler_on_the_Roof" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#e8e8ff;"><div id="Awards_for_Fiddler_on_the_Roof" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Awards for Fiddler on the Roof</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0;font-size:114%"><div style="padding:0px"> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Drama_Desk_Award_for_Outstanding_Revival_of_a_Musical" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #D7F1D7;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:DramaDesk_MusicalRevival" title="Template:DramaDesk MusicalRevival"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:DramaDesk_MusicalRevival" title="Template talk:DramaDesk MusicalRevival"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:DramaDesk_MusicalRevival" title="Special:EditPage/Template:DramaDesk MusicalRevival"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Drama_Desk_Award_for_Outstanding_Revival_of_a_Musical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Drama_Desk_Award_for_Outstanding_Revival_of_a_Musical" title="Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival of a Musical">Drama Desk Award for Outstanding Revival of a Musical</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/She_Loves_Me" title="She Loves Me">She Loves Me</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King_and_I" title="The King and I">The King and I</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_(musical)" title="Chicago (musical)">Chicago</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret_(musical)" title="Cabaret (musical)">Cabaret</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/You%27re_a_Good_Man,_Charlie_Brown" title="You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown">You're a Good Man, Charlie Brown</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Kate" title="Kiss Me, Kate">Kiss Me, Kate</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(musical)" title="42nd Street (musical)">42nd Street</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_(musical)" title="Nine (musical)">Nine</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassins_(musical)" title="Assassins (musical)">Assassins</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(musical)" title="La Cage aux Folles (musical)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd:_The_Demon_Barber_of_Fleet_Street" title="Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street">Sweeney Todd</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_(musical)" title="Company (musical)">Company</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hair_(musical)" title="Hair (musical)">Hair</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(musical)" title="La Cage aux Folles (musical)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anything_Goes" title="Anything Goes">Anything Goes</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follies" title="Follies">Follies</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pippin_(musical)" title="Pippin (musical)">Pippin</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hedwig_and_the_Angry_Inch_(musical)" title="Hedwig and the Angry Inch (musical)">Hedwig and the Angry Inch</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King_and_I" title="The King and I">The King and I</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/She_Loves_Me" title="She Loves Me">She Loves Me</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(musical)" title="Hello, Dolly! (musical)">Hello, Dolly!</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Fair_Lady" title="My Fair Lady">My Fair Lady</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fidler_Afn_Dakh" title="Fidler Afn Dakh">Fiddler on the Roof (Fidler Afn Dakh)</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Little_Shop_of_Horrors_(musical)" title="Little Shop of Horrors (musical)">Little Shop of Horrors</a> (2020)</li> <li>No Award (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_(musical)" title="Company (musical)">Company</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parade_(musical)" title="Parade (musical)">Parade</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/I_Can_Get_It_for_You_Wholesale" title="I Can Get It for You Wholesale">I Can Get It for You Wholesale</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Laurence_Olivier_Award_for_Best_Musical_Revival" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #E0E0E0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:OlivierAward_MusicalRevival" title="Template:OlivierAward MusicalRevival"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:OlivierAward_MusicalRevival" title="Template talk:OlivierAward MusicalRevival"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:OlivierAward_MusicalRevival" title="Special:EditPage/Template:OlivierAward MusicalRevival"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Laurence_Olivier_Award_for_Best_Musical_Revival" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Laurence_Olivier_Award_for_Best_Musical_Revival" title="Laurence Olivier Award for Best Musical Revival">Laurence Olivier Award for Best Musical Revival</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Show_Boat" title="Show Boat">Show Boat</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Boys_from_Syracuse" title="The Boys from Syracuse">The Boys from Syracuse</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carousel_(musical)" title="Carousel (musical)">Carousel</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd:_The_Demon_Barber_of_Fleet_Street" title="Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street">Sweeney Todd</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/She_Loves_Me" title="She Loves Me">She Loves Me</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Who%27s_Tommy" title="The Who's Tommy">The Who's Tommy</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chicago_(musical)" title="Chicago (musical)">Chicago</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma!" title="Oklahoma!">Oklahoma!</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candide_(operetta)" title="Candide (operetta)">Candide</a> (2000)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singin%27_in_the_Rain_(musical)" title="Singin' in the Rain (musical)">Singin' in the Rain</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Fair_Lady" title="My Fair Lady">My Fair Lady</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anything_Goes" title="Anything Goes">Anything Goes</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pacific_Overtures" title="Pacific Overtures">Pacific Overtures</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grand_Hotel_(musical)" title="Grand Hotel (musical)">Grand Hotel</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guys_and_Dolls" title="Guys and Dolls">Guys and Dolls</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunday_in_the_Park_with_George" title="Sunday in the Park with George">Sunday in the Park with George</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Magic_Flute_(musical)" title="The Magic Flute (musical)">The Magic Flute</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(musical)" title="La Cage aux Folles (musical)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(musical)" title="Hello, Dolly! (musical)">Hello, Dolly!</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crazy_for_You_(musical)" title="Crazy for You (musical)">Crazy for You</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd:_The_Demon_Barber_of_Fleet_Street" title="Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street">Sweeney Todd</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Merrily_We_Roll_Along_(musical)" title="Merrily We Roll Along (musical)">Merrily We Roll Along</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Angels_(musical)" title="City of Angels (musical)">City of Angels</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_(musical)" title="Gypsy (musical)">Gypsy</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jesus_Christ_Superstar" title="Jesus Christ Superstar">Jesus Christ Superstar</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follies" title="Follies">Follies</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_(musical)" title="Company (musical)">Company</a> (2019)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a> (2020)</li> <li>No Ceremony (2021)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret_(musical)" title="Cabaret (musical)">Cabaret</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma!" title="Oklahoma!">Oklahoma!</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(musical)" title="Sunset Boulevard (musical)">Sunset Boulevard</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Special_Tony_Award" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Special_Tony_Award" title="Template:Special Tony Award"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Special_Tony_Award" title="Template talk:Special Tony Award"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Special_Tony_Award" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Special Tony Award"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Special_Tony_Award" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Special_Tony_Award" title="Special Tony Award">Special Tony Award</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1947–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dora_Chamberlain" title="Dora Chamberlain">Dora Chamberlain</a> / Ira and Rita Katzenberg / <a href="/wiki/Jules_Leventhal" title="Jules Leventhal">Jules Leventhal</a> / <a href="/wiki/Burns_Mantle" title="Burns Mantle">Burns Mantle</a> / P. A. MacDonald / <a href="/wiki/Vincent_Sardi_Sr." title="Vincent Sardi Sr.">Vincent Sardi Sr.</a> (1947)</li> <li>Vera Allen / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Beisman" title="Paul Beisman">Paul Beisman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Joe_E._Brown" title="Joe E. Brown">Joe E. Brown</a> / Cast of <a href="/wiki/The_Importance_of_Being_Earnest" title="The Importance of Being Earnest">The Importance of Being Earnest</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_W._Dowling" title="Robert W. Dowling">Robert W. Dowling</a> / Experimental Theatre Inc. / Rosalind Gilder / <a href="/wiki/June_Lockhart" title="June Lockhart">June Lockhart</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mary_Martin" title="Mary Martin">Mary Martin</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_Pierce_(backstage_doorman)" title="George Pierce (backstage doorman)">George Pierce</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_Whitmore" title="James Whitmore">James Whitmore</a> (1948)</li> <li>No award (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Evans_(actor)" title="Maurice Evans (actor)">Maurice Evans</a> / Philip Faversham / <a href="/wiki/Brock_Pemberton" title="Brock Pemberton">Brock Pemberton</a> (1950)</li> <li>Ruth Green (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charles_Boyer" title="Charles Boyer">Charles Boyer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Judy_Garland" title="Judy Garland">Judy Garland</a> / <a href="/wiki/Edward_Kook" title="Edward Kook">Edward Kook</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Danny_Kaye" title="Danny Kaye">Danny Kaye</a> / <a href="/wiki/Beatrice_Lillie" title="Beatrice Lillie">Beatrice Lillie</a> (1953)</li> <li>No award (1954)</li> <li>Proscenium Productions (1955)</li> <li>Fourth Street Chekov Theatre / <a href="/wiki/New_York_City_Center" title="New York City Center">City Center</a> / <a href="/wiki/New_York_Public_Library_for_the_Performing_Arts" title="New York Public Library for the Performing Arts">The New York Public Library Theatre Collection</a> / The Shakespearewrights / <a href="/wiki/The_Threepenny_Opera" title="The Threepenny Opera">The Threepenny Opera</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Shakespeare_Theatre" title="American Shakespeare Theatre">American Shakespeare Festival</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Barrault" title="Jean-Louis Barrault">Jean-Louis Barrault</a> / <a href="/wiki/Robert_Russell_Bennett" title="Robert Russell Bennett">Robert Russell Bennett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Willie_Hammerstein" title="Willie Hammerstein">William Hammerstein</a> / Joseph Harbuck / <a href="/wiki/Paul_Shyre" title="Paul Shyre">Paul Shyre</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Louise_Heims_Beck" title="Louise Heims Beck">Mrs. Martin Beck</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_the_Park_(New_York_City)" title="Shakespeare in the Park (New York City)">New York Shakespeare Festival</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russel_Crouse" title="Russel Crouse">Russel Crouse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Howard_Lindsay" title="Howard Lindsay">Howard Lindsay</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Gielgud" title="John Gielgud">John Gielgud</a> / Cast of <a href="/wiki/La_Plume_de_Ma_Tante" title="La Plume de Ma Tante">La Plume de Ma Tante</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Burgess_Meredith" title="Burgess Meredith">Burgess Meredith</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Thurber" title="James Thurber">James Thurber</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_D._Rockefeller_III" title="John D. Rockefeller III">John D. Rockefeller III</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Merrick" title="David Merrick">David Merrick</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Guild" title="Theatre Guild">The Theatre Guild</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooks_Atkinson" title="Brooks Atkinson">Brooks Atkinson</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers" title="Richard Rodgers">Richard Rodgers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Franco_Zeffirelli" title="Franco Zeffirelli">Franco Zeffirelli</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Bennett" title="Alan Bennett">Alan Bennett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cook" title="Peter Cook">Peter Cook</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Miller" title="Jonathan Miller">Jonathan Miller</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Moore" title="Dudley Moore">Dudley Moore</a> / <a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/W._McNeil_Lowry" title="W. McNeil Lowry">W. McNeil Lowry</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eva_Le_Gallienne" title="Eva Le Gallienne">Eva Le Gallienne</a> (1964)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gilbert_Miller" title="Gilbert Miller">Gilbert Miller</a> / <a href="/wiki/Oliver_Smith_(designer)" title="Oliver Smith (designer)">Oliver Smith</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Helen_Menken" title="Helen Menken">Helen Menken</a> (1966)</li> <li>No award (1967)</li> <li>APA-Phoenix Theatre / <a href="/wiki/Pearl_Bailey" title="Pearl Bailey">Pearl Bailey</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Channing" title="Carol Channing">Carol Channing</a> / <a href="/wiki/Maurice_Chevalier" title="Maurice Chevalier">Maurice Chevalier</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marlene_Dietrich" title="Marlene Dietrich">Marlene Dietrich</a> / <a href="/wiki/Audrey_Hepburn" title="Audrey Hepburn">Audrey Hepburn</a> / <a href="/wiki/David_Merrick" title="David Merrick">David Merrick</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leonard_Bernstein" title="Leonard Bernstein">Leonard Bernstein</a> / <a href="/wiki/Carol_Burnett" title="Carol Burnett">Carol Burnett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Rex_Harrison" title="Rex Harrison">Rex Harrison</a> / <a href="/wiki/Royal_National_Theatre" title="Royal National Theatre">The National Theatre Company of Great Britain</a> / The <a href="/wiki/Negro_Ensemble_Company" title="Negro Ensemble Company">Negro Ensemble Company</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No%C3%ABl_Coward" title="Noël Coward">Noël Coward</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Fontanne" title="Lynn Fontanne">Lynn Fontanne</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Lunt" title="Alfred Lunt">Alfred Lunt</a> / <a href="/wiki/Shakespeare_in_the_Park_(New_York_City)" title="Shakespeare in the Park (New York City)">New York Shakespeare Festival</a> / <a href="/wiki/Barbra_Streisand" title="Barbra Streisand">Barbra Streisand</a> (1970)</li> <li>Ingram Ash / <a href="/wiki/Elliot_Norton" title="Elliot Norton">Elliot Norton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Playbill" title="Playbill">Playbill</a> / <a href="/wiki/Roger_L._Stevens" title="Roger L. Stevens">Roger L. Stevens</a> (1971)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ethel_Merman" title="Ethel Merman">Ethel Merman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers" title="Richard Rodgers">Richard Rodgers</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Guild" title="Theatre Guild">The Theatre Guild</a>-American Theatre Society (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Community_Fund" title="Entertainment Community Fund">The Actors Fund of America</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Lindsay" title="John Lindsay">John Lindsay</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Shubert_Organization" title="The Shubert Organization">Shubert Organization</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actors%27_Equity_Association" title="Actors' Equity Association">Actors' Equity Association</a> / <a href="/wiki/A_Moon_for_the_Misbegotten" title="A Moon for the Misbegotten">A Moon for the Misbegotten</a> / <a href="/wiki/Candide_(operetta)" title="Candide (operetta)">Candide</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Cook" title="Peter Cook">Peter Cook</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dudley_Moore" title="Dudley Moore">Dudley Moore</a> / Harold Friedlander / <a href="/wiki/Bette_Midler" title="Bette Midler">Bette Midler</a> / <a href="/wiki/Liza_Minnelli" title="Liza Minnelli">Liza Minnelli</a> / <a href="/wiki/Theatre_Development_Fund" title="Theatre Development Fund">Theatre Development Fund</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_F._Wharton_(lawyer)" title="John F. Wharton (lawyer)">John F. Wharton</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al_Hirschfeld" title="Al Hirschfeld">Al Hirschfeld</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Burton" title="Richard Burton">Richard Burton</a> / <a href="/wiki/Circle_in_the_Square_Theatre" title="Circle in the Square Theatre">Circle in the Square Theatre</a> / Thomas H. Fitzgerald / <a href="/wiki/Mathilde_Pincus" title="Mathilde Pincus">Mathilde Pincus</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cheryl_Crawford" title="Cheryl Crawford">Cheryl Crawford</a> / Equity Liberty Theatre / <a href="/wiki/Barry_Manilow" title="Barry Manilow">Barry Manilow</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Theatre_of_the_Deaf" title="National Theatre of the Deaf">National Theatre of the Deaf</a> / <a href="/wiki/Diana_Ross" title="Diana Ross">Diana Ross</a> / <a href="/wiki/Lily_Tomlin" title="Lily Tomlin">Lily Tomlin</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stan_Dragoti" title="Stan Dragoti">Stan Dragoti</a> and Charles Moss (1978)</li> <li>Walter F. Diehl / <a href="/wiki/Eugene_O%27Neill_Theater_Center" title="Eugene O'Neill Theater Center">Eugene O'Neill Memorial Theater Center</a> / <a href="/wiki/Henry_Fonda" title="Henry Fonda">Henry Fonda</a> / <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers" title="Richard Rodgers">Richard Rodgers</a> (1979)</li> <li>Richard Fitzgerald / <a href="/wiki/Helen_Hayes" title="Helen Hayes">Helen Hayes</a> / <a href="/wiki/Mary_Tyler_Moore" title="Mary Tyler Moore">Mary Tyler Moore</a> / Hobe Morrison (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lena_Horne" title="Lena Horne">Lena Horne</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_City_Music_Hall" title="Radio City Music Hall">Radio City Music Hall</a> / <a href="/wiki/Entertainment_Community_Fund" title="Entertainment Community Fund">The Actors Fund of America</a> / <a href="/wiki/WarnerMedia" title="WarnerMedia">Warner Communications</a> (1982)</li> <li>No award (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line" title="A Chorus Line">A Chorus Line</a> / <a href="/wiki/Peter_Feller" title="Peter Feller">Peter Feller</a> / La Tragedie de Carmen (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yul_Brynner" title="Yul Brynner">Yul Brynner</a> / <a href="/wiki/New_York_State_Council_on_the_Arts" title="New York State Council on the Arts">New York State Council on the Arts</a> (1985)</li> <li>No award (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/George_Abbott" title="George Abbott">George Abbott</a> / <a href="/wiki/Jackie_Mason" title="Jackie Mason">Jackie Mason</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brooklyn_Academy_of_Music" title="Brooklyn Academy of Music">Brooklyn Academy of Music</a> (1988)</li> <li>No award (1989)</li> <li>No award (1990–1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oklahoma!" title="Oklahoma!">Oklahoma!</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hume_Cronyn" title="Hume Cronyn">Hume Cronyn</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jessica_Tandy" title="Jessica Tandy">Jessica Tandy</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Carol_Channing" title="Carol Channing">Carol Channing</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">National Endowment for the Arts</a> / Harvey Sabinson (1995)</li> <li>No award (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_B._Jacobs" class="mw-redirect" title="Bernard B. Jacobs">Bernard B. Jacobs</a> (1997)</li> <li>Edward E. Colton / Ben Edwards (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Uta_Hagen" title="Uta Hagen">Uta Hagen</a> / <a href="/wiki/Arthur_Miller" title="Arthur Miller">Arthur Miller</a> / Isabelle Stevenson (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dame_Edna_Everage#2000–2009" title="Dame Edna Everage">Dame Edna: The Royal Tour</a> / T. Edward Hambleton (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Gemignani" title="Paul Gemignani">Paul Gemignani</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Julie_Harris" title="Julie Harris">Julie Harris</a> / Robert Whitehead (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cy_Feuer" title="Cy Feuer">Cy Feuer</a> / <a href="/wiki/Russell_Simmons" title="Russell Simmons">Russell Simmons</a>' Def Poetry Jam on Broadway (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_M._Nederlander" title="James M. Nederlander">James M. Nederlander</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Edward_Albee" title="Edward Albee">Edward Albee</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sarah_Jones_(stage_actress)" title="Sarah Jones (stage actress)">Sarah Jones</a> / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Prince" title="Harold Prince">Harold Prince</a> (2006)</li> <li>No award (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_Russell_Bennett" title="Robert Russell Bennett">Robert Russell Bennett</a> / <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerry_Herman" title="Jerry Herman">Jerry Herman</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Ayckbourn" title="Alan Ayckbourn">Alan Ayckbourn</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marian_Seldes" title="Marian Seldes">Marian Seldes</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Athol_Fugard" title="Athol Fugard">Athol Fugard</a> / Philip J. Smith (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Actors%27_Equity_Association" title="Actors' Equity Association">Actors' Equity Association</a> / <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Jackman" title="Hugh Jackman">Hugh Jackman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bernard_Gersten" title="Bernard Gersten">Bernard Gersten</a> / <a href="/wiki/Ming_Cho_Lee" title="Ming Cho Lee">Ming Cho Lee</a> / Paul Libin (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jane_Greenwood" title="Jane Greenwood">Jane Greenwood</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Cameron_Mitchell" title="John Cameron Mitchell">John Cameron Mitchell</a> / <a href="/wiki/Tommy_Tune" title="Tommy Tune">Tommy Tune</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Harnick" title="Sheldon Harnick">Sheldon Harnick</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marshall_W._Mason" title="Marshall W. Mason">Marshall W. Mason</a> / <a href="/wiki/National_Endowment_for_the_Arts" title="National Endowment for the Arts">National Endowment for the Arts</a> / Miles Wilkin (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Earl_Jones" title="James Earl Jones">James Earl Jones</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Leguizamo" title="John Leguizamo">John Leguizamo</a> / <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a> / <a href="/wiki/Chita_Rivera" title="Chita Rivera">Chita Rivera</a> / <a href="/wiki/Bruce_Springsteen" title="Bruce Springsteen">Bruce Springsteen</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary_Harris" title="Rosemary Harris">Rosemary Harris</a> / <a href="/wiki/Marin_Mazzie" title="Marin Mazzie">Marin Mazzie</a> / <a href="/wiki/Terrence_McNally" title="Terrence McNally">Terrence McNally</a> / <a href="/wiki/Sonny_Tilders" title="Sonny Tilders">Sonny Tilders</a> and Creature Technology Company / Jason Michael Webb / <a href="/wiki/Harold_Wheeler_(musician)" title="Harold Wheeler (musician)">Harold Wheeler</a> (2019)</li> <li>The Broadway Advocacy Coalition / <a href="/wiki/David_Byrne" title="David Byrne">David Byrne's</a> <a href="/wiki/American_Utopia_(film)" title="American Utopia (film)">American Utopia</a> / <a href="/wiki/Freestyle_Love_Supreme" title="Freestyle Love Supreme">Freestyle Love Supreme</a> / <a href="/wiki/Graciela_Daniele" title="Graciela Daniele">Graciela Daniele</a> (2020/21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angela_Lansbury" title="Angela Lansbury">Angela Lansbury</a> / <a href="/wiki/James_C._Nicola" title="James C. Nicola">James C. Nicola</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joel_Grey" title="Joel Grey">Joel Grey</a> / <a href="/wiki/John_Kander" title="John Kander">John Kander</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alex_Edelman" title="Alex Edelman">Alex Edelman</a> / <a href="/wiki/Abe_Jacob" title="Abe Jacob">Abe Jacob</a> / Nikiya Mathis / <a href="/wiki/Jack_O%27Brien_(director)" title="Jack O'Brien (director)">Jack O'Brien</a> / <a href="/wiki/George_C._Wolfe" title="George C. Wolfe">George C. Wolfe</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tony_Award_for_Best_Musical" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TonyAward_Musical" title="Template:TonyAward Musical"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TonyAward_Musical" title="Template talk:TonyAward Musical"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_Musical" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward Musical"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Musical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Musical" title="Tony Award for Best Musical">Tony Award for Best Musical</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1949–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Kate" title="Kiss Me, Kate">Kiss Me, Kate</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guys_and_Dolls" title="Guys and Dolls">Guys and Dolls</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_King_and_I" title="The King and I">The King and I</a> (1952)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wonderful_Town" title="Wonderful Town">Wonderful Town</a> (1953)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kismet_(musical)" title="Kismet (musical)">Kismet</a> (1954)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pajama_Game" title="The Pajama Game">The Pajama Game</a> (1955)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Damn_Yankees" title="Damn Yankees">Damn Yankees</a> (1956)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/My_Fair_Lady" title="My Fair Lady">My Fair Lady</a> (1957)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Music_Man" title="The Music Man">The Music Man</a> (1958)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redhead_(musical)" title="Redhead (musical)">Redhead</a> (1959)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Sound_of_Music" title="The Sound of Music">The Sound of Music</a> / <a href="/wiki/Fiorello!" title="Fiorello!">Fiorello!</a> (1960)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bye_Bye_Birdie" title="Bye Bye Birdie">Bye Bye Birdie</a> (1961)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/How_to_Succeed_in_Business_Without_Really_Trying_(musical)" title="How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying (musical)">How to Succeed in Business Without Really Trying</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Funny_Thing_Happened_on_the_Way_to_the_Forum" title="A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum">A Funny Thing Happened on the Way to the Forum</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(musical)" title="Hello, Dolly! (musical)">Hello, Dolly!</a> (1964)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_of_La_Mancha" title="Man of La Mancha">Man of La Mancha</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret_(musical)" title="Cabaret (musical)">Cabaret</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallelujah,_Baby!" title="Hallelujah, Baby!">Hallelujah, Baby!</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1776_(musical)" title="1776 (musical)">1776</a> (1969)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Applause_(musical)" title="Applause (musical)">Applause</a> (1970)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_(musical)" title="Company (musical)">Company</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona_(musical)" title="Two Gentlemen of Verona (musical)">Two Gentlemen of Verona</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Little_Night_Music" title="A Little Night Music">A Little Night Music</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Raisin_(musical)" title="Raisin (musical)">Raisin</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line" title="A Chorus Line">A Chorus Line</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_(musical)" title="Annie (musical)">Annie</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ain%27t_Misbehavin%27_(musical)" title="Ain't Misbehavin' (musical)">Ain't Misbehavin'</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd:_The_Demon_Barber_of_Fleet_Street" title="Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street">Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evita_(musical)" title="Evita (musical)">Evita</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/42nd_Street_(musical)" title="42nd Street (musical)">42nd Street</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_(musical)" title="Nine (musical)">Nine</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cats_(musical)" title="Cats (musical)">Cats</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(musical)" title="La Cage aux Folles (musical)">La Cage aux Folles</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_River_(musical)" title="Big River (musical)">Big River</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Edwin_Drood_(musical)" title="The Mystery of Edwin Drood (musical)">The Mystery of Edwin Drood</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables_(musical)" title="Les Misérables (musical)">Les Misérables</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Phantom_of_the_Opera_(1986_musical)" title="The Phantom of the Opera (1986 musical)">The Phantom of the Opera</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jerome_Robbins%27_Broadway" title="Jerome Robbins' Broadway">Jerome Robbins' Broadway</a> (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Angels_(musical)" title="City of Angels (musical)">City of Angels</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Will_Rogers_Follies" title="The Will Rogers Follies">The Will Rogers Follies</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Crazy_for_You_(musical)" title="Crazy for You (musical)">Crazy for You</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_the_Spider_Woman_(musical)" title="Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)">Kiss of the Spider Woman</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(musical)" title="Passion (musical)">Passion</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(musical)" title="Sunset Boulevard (musical)">Sunset Boulevard</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rent_(musical)" title="Rent (musical)">Rent</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic_(musical)" title="Titanic (musical)">Titanic</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Lion_King_(musical)" title="The Lion King (musical)">The Lion King</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fosse_(musical)" title="Fosse (musical)">Fosse</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contact_(musical)" title="Contact (musical)">Contact</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Producers_(musical)" title="The Producers (musical)">The Producers</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thoroughly_Modern_Millie_(musical)" title="Thoroughly Modern Millie (musical)">Thoroughly Modern Millie</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairspray_(musical)" title="Hairspray (musical)">Hairspray</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Q" title="Avenue Q">Avenue Q</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spamalot" title="Spamalot">Monty Python's Spamalot</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jersey_Boys" title="Jersey Boys">Jersey Boys</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Awakening_(musical)" title="Spring Awakening (musical)">Spring Awakening</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Heights" title="In the Heights">In the Heights</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Elliot_the_Musical" title="Billy Elliot the Musical">Billy Elliot the Musical</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_(musical)" title="Memphis (musical)">Memphis</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Mormon_(musical)" title="The Book of Mormon (musical)">The Book of Mormon</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Once_(musical)" title="Once (musical)">Once</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinky_Boots_(musical)" title="Kinky Boots (musical)">Kinky Boots</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Gentleman%27s_Guide_to_Love_and_Murder" title="A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder">A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fun_Home_(musical)" title="Fun Home (musical)">Fun Home</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Evan_Hansen" title="Dear Evan Hansen">Dear Evan Hansen</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Band%27s_Visit_(musical)" title="The Band's Visit (musical)">The Band's Visit</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadestown" title="Hadestown">Hadestown</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moulin_Rouge!_(musical)" title="Moulin Rouge! (musical)">Moulin Rouge!</a> (2020/21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Strange_Loop" title="A Strange Loop">A Strange Loop</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Akimbo_(musical)" title="Kimberly Akimbo (musical)">Kimberly Akimbo</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Outsiders_(musical)" title="The Outsiders (musical)">The Outsiders</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tony_Award_for_Best_Revival" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TonyAward_Revival" title="Template:TonyAward Revival"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TonyAward_Revival" title="Template talk:TonyAward Revival"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_Revival" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward Revival"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Revival" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Revival" title="Tony Award for Best Revival">Tony Award for Best Revival</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1970s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Porgy_and_Bess" title="Porgy and Bess">Porgy and Bess</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dracula_(1977_play)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dracula (1977 play)">Dracula</a> (1978)</li> <li>No Award (1979)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1980s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Morning%27s_at_Seven" title="Morning's at Seven">Morning's at Seven</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Pirates_of_Penzance" title="The Pirates of Penzance">The Pirates of Penzance</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Othello" title="Othello">Othello</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_Your_Toes" title="On Your Toes">On Your Toes</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Death_of_a_Salesman" title="Death of a Salesman">Death of a Salesman</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Day_in_the_Death_of_Joe_Egg" title="A Day in the Death of Joe Egg">Joe Egg</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweet_Charity" title="Sweet Charity">Sweet Charity</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/All_My_Sons" title="All My Sons">All My Sons</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anything_Goes" title="Anything Goes">Anything Goes</a> (1988)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Our_Town" title="Our Town">Our Town</a> (1989)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;;width:1%">1990s</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gypsy_(musical)" title="Gypsy (musical)">Gypsy</a> (1990)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guys_and_Dolls" title="Guys and Dolls">Guys and Dolls</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anna_Christie" title="Anna Christie">Anna Christie</a> (1993)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tony_Award_for_Best_Book_of_a_Musical" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TonyAward_MusicalBook" title="Template:TonyAward MusicalBook"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TonyAward_MusicalBook" title="Template talk:TonyAward MusicalBook"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_MusicalBook" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward MusicalBook"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Book_of_a_Musical" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Book_of_a_Musical" title="Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical">Tony Award for Best Book of a Musical</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1950–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a> by <a href="/wiki/Oscar_Hammerstein_II" title="Oscar Hammerstein II">Oscar Hammerstein II</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joshua_Logan" title="Joshua Logan">Joshua Logan</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(musical)" title="Hello, Dolly! (musical)">Hello, Dolly!</a> by <a href="/wiki/Michael_Stewart_(playwright)" title="Michael Stewart (playwright)">Michael Stewart</a> (1964)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a> by <a href="/wiki/Joseph_Stein" title="Joseph Stein">Joseph Stein</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_(musical)" title="Company (musical)">Company</a> by <a href="/wiki/George_Furth" title="George Furth">George Furth</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Two_Gentlemen_of_Verona_(musical)" title="Two Gentlemen of Verona (musical)">Two Gentlemen of Verona</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Guare" title="John Guare">John Guare</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mel_Shapiro" title="Mel Shapiro">Mel Shapiro</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Little_Night_Music" title="A Little Night Music">A Little Night Music</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Wheeler" title="Hugh Wheeler">Hugh Wheeler</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Candide_(operetta)" title="Candide (operetta)">Candide</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Wheeler" title="Hugh Wheeler">Hugh Wheeler</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shenandoah_(musical)" title="Shenandoah (musical)">Shenandoah</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_Lee_Barrett" title="James Lee Barrett">James Lee Barrett</a>, <a href="/wiki/Peter_Udell" title="Peter Udell">Peter Udell</a> and <a href="/wiki/Philip_Rose_(theatrical_producer)" title="Philip Rose (theatrical producer)">Philip Rose</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line" title="A Chorus Line">A Chorus Line</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_Kirkwood_Jr." title="James Kirkwood Jr.">James Kirkwood Jr.</a> and <a href="/wiki/Nicholas_Dante" title="Nicholas Dante">Nicholas Dante</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_(musical)" title="Annie (musical)">Annie</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Meehan_(writer)" title="Thomas Meehan (writer)">Thomas Meehan</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Twentieth_Century" title="On the Twentieth Century">On the Twentieth Century</a> by <a href="/wiki/Betty_Comden" title="Betty Comden">Betty Comden</a> and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Green" title="Adolph Green">Adolph Green</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd:_The_Demon_Barber_of_Fleet_Street" title="Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street">Sweeney Todd</a> by <a href="/wiki/Hugh_Wheeler" title="Hugh Wheeler">Hugh Wheeler</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evita_(musical)" title="Evita (musical)">Evita</a> by <a href="/wiki/Tim_Rice" title="Tim Rice">Tim Rice</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_of_the_Year_(musical)" title="Woman of the Year (musical)">Woman of the Year</a> by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Stone_(writer)" title="Peter Stone (writer)">Peter Stone</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dreamgirls_(musical)" class="mw-redirect" title="Dreamgirls (musical)">Dreamgirls</a> by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Eyen" title="Tom Eyen">Tom Eyen</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cats_(musical)" title="Cats (musical)">Cats</a> by <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(musical)" title="La Cage aux Folles (musical)">La Cage aux Folles</a> by <a href="/wiki/Harvey_Fierstein" title="Harvey Fierstein">Harvey Fierstein</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_River_(musical)" title="Big River (musical)">Big River</a> by <a href="/wiki/William_Hauptman" title="William Hauptman">William Hauptman</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Edwin_Drood_(musical)" title="The Mystery of Edwin Drood (musical)">The Mystery of Edwin Drood</a> by <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Holmes" title="Rupert Holmes">Rupert Holmes</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables_(musical)" title="Les Misérables (musical)">Les Misérables</a> by <a href="/wiki/Alain_Boublil" title="Alain Boublil">Alain Boublil</a> and <a href="/wiki/Claude-Michel_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Claude-Michel Schönberg">Claude-Michel Schönberg</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_Lapine" title="James Lapine">James Lapine</a> (1988)</li> <li>No Award (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Angels_(musical)" title="City of Angels (musical)">City of Angels</a> by <a href="/wiki/Larry_Gelbart" title="Larry Gelbart">Larry Gelbart</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Secret_Garden_(musical)" title="The Secret Garden (musical)">The Secret Garden</a> by <a href="/wiki/Marsha_Norman" title="Marsha Norman">Marsha Norman</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falsettos" title="Falsettos">Falsettos</a> by <a href="/wiki/William_Finn" title="William Finn">William Finn</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Lapine" title="James Lapine">James Lapine</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_the_Spider_Woman_(musical)" title="Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)">Kiss of the Spider Woman</a> by <a href="/wiki/Terrence_McNally" title="Terrence McNally">Terrence McNally</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(musical)" title="Passion (musical)">Passion</a> by <a href="/wiki/James_Lapine" title="James Lapine">James Lapine</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(musical)" title="Sunset Boulevard (musical)">Sunset Boulevard</a> by <a href="/wiki/Don_Black_(lyricist)" title="Don Black (lyricist)">Don Black</a> and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rent_(musical)" title="Rent (musical)">Rent</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Larson" title="Jonathan Larson">Jonathan Larson</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic_(musical)" title="Titanic (musical)">Titanic</a> by <a href="/wiki/Peter_Stone_(writer)" title="Peter Stone (writer)">Peter Stone</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragtime_(musical)" title="Ragtime (musical)">Ragtime</a> by <a href="/wiki/Terrence_McNally" title="Terrence McNally">Terrence McNally</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parade_(musical)" title="Parade (musical)">Parade</a> by <a href="/wiki/Alfred_Uhry" title="Alfred Uhry">Alfred Uhry</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/James_Joyce%27s_The_Dead" title="James Joyce's The Dead">James Joyce's The Dead</a> by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Nelson_(playwright)" title="Richard Nelson (playwright)">Richard Nelson</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Producers_(musical)" title="The Producers (musical)">The Producers</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> and <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Meehan_(writer)" title="Thomas Meehan (writer)">Thomas Meehan</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinetown" title="Urinetown">Urinetown</a> by <a href="/wiki/Greg_Kotis" title="Greg Kotis">Greg Kotis</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairspray_(musical)" title="Hairspray (musical)">Hairspray</a> by <a href="/wiki/Thomas_Meehan_(writer)" title="Thomas Meehan (writer)">Thomas Meehan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mark_O%27Donnell" title="Mark O'Donnell">Mark O'Donnell</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Q" title="Avenue Q">Avenue Q</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Whitty" title="Jeff Whitty">Jeff Whitty</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_25th_Annual_Putnam_County_Spelling_Bee" title="The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee">The 25th Annual Putnam County Spelling Bee</a> by Rachel Sheinkin (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Drowsy_Chaperone" title="The Drowsy Chaperone">The Drowsy Chaperone</a> by <a href="/wiki/Bob_Martin_(comedian)" title="Bob Martin (comedian)">Bob Martin</a> and <a href="/wiki/Don_McKellar" title="Don McKellar">Don McKellar</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Awakening_(musical)" title="Spring Awakening (musical)">Spring Awakening</a> by <a href="/wiki/Steven_Sater" title="Steven Sater">Steven Sater</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passing_Strange" title="Passing Strange">Passing Strange</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stew_(musician)" title="Stew (musician)">Stew</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Elliot_the_Musical" title="Billy Elliot the Musical">Billy Elliot the Musical</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lee_Hall_(playwright)" title="Lee Hall (playwright)">Lee Hall</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_(musical)" title="Memphis (musical)">Memphis</a> by <a href="/wiki/Joe_DiPietro" title="Joe DiPietro">Joe DiPietro</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Mormon_(musical)" title="The Book of Mormon (musical)">The Book of Mormon</a> by <a href="/wiki/Trey_Parker" title="Trey Parker">Trey Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lopez" title="Robert Lopez">Robert Lopez</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matt_Stone" title="Matt Stone">Matt Stone</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Once_(musical)" title="Once (musical)">Once</a> by <a href="/wiki/Enda_Walsh" title="Enda Walsh">Enda Walsh</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Matilda_the_Musical" title="Matilda the Musical">Matilda the Musical</a> by <a href="/wiki/Dennis_Kelly" title="Dennis Kelly">Dennis Kelly</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Gentleman%27s_Guide_to_Love_and_Murder" title="A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder">A Gentleman's Guide to Love and Murder</a> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_L._Freedman" title="Robert L. Freedman">Robert L. Freedman</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fun_Home_(musical)" title="Fun Home (musical)">Fun Home</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Kron" title="Lisa Kron">Lisa Kron</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda" title="Lin-Manuel Miranda">Lin-Manuel Miranda</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Evan_Hansen" title="Dear Evan Hansen">Dear Evan Hansen</a> by <a href="/wiki/Steven_Levenson" title="Steven Levenson">Steven Levenson</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Band%27s_Visit_(musical)" title="The Band's Visit (musical)">The Band's Visit</a> by <a href="/wiki/Itamar_Moses" title="Itamar Moses">Itamar Moses</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tootsie_(musical)" title="Tootsie (musical)">Tootsie</a> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Horn_(writer)" title="Robert Horn (writer)">Robert Horn</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jagged_Little_Pill_(musical)" title="Jagged Little Pill (musical)">Jagged Little Pill</a> by <a href="/wiki/Diablo_Cody" title="Diablo Cody">Diablo Cody</a> (2020/21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Strange_Loop" title="A Strange Loop">A Strange Loop</a> by <a href="/wiki/Michael_R._Jackson" title="Michael R. Jackson">Michael R. Jackson</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Akimbo_(musical)" title="Kimberly Akimbo (musical)">Kimberly Akimbo</a> by <a href="/wiki/David_Lindsay-Abaire" title="David Lindsay-Abaire">David Lindsay-Abaire</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffs" title="Suffs">Suffs</a> by <a href="/wiki/Shaina_Taub" title="Shaina Taub">Shaina Taub</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Tony_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background: #C0C0C0"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:TonyAward_MusicalScore" title="Template:TonyAward MusicalScore"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:TonyAward_MusicalScore" title="Template talk:TonyAward MusicalScore"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward_MusicalScore" title="Special:EditPage/Template:TonyAward MusicalScore"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Tony_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Tony_Award_for_Best_Original_Score" title="Tony Award for Best Original Score">Tony Award for Best Original Score</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1947–1975</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Street_Scene_(opera)" title="Street Scene (opera)">Street Scene</a> by <a href="/wiki/Kurt_Weill" title="Kurt Weill">Kurt Weill</a> (1947)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_Me,_Kate" title="Kiss Me, Kate">Kiss Me, Kate</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cole_Porter" title="Cole Porter">Cole Porter</a> (1949)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/South_Pacific_(musical)" title="South Pacific (musical)">South Pacific</a> by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers" title="Richard Rodgers">Richard Rodgers</a> (1950)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Call_Me_Madam" title="Call Me Madam">Call Me Madam</a> by <a href="/wiki/Irving_Berlin" title="Irving Berlin">Irving Berlin</a> (1951)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/No_Strings" title="No Strings">No Strings</a> by <a href="/wiki/Richard_Rodgers" title="Richard Rodgers">Richard Rodgers</a> (1962)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oliver!" title="Oliver!">Oliver!</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Bart" title="Lionel Bart">Lionel Bart</a> (1963)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hello,_Dolly!_(musical)" title="Hello, Dolly! (musical)">Hello, Dolly!</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Herman" title="Jerry Herman">Jerry Herman</a> (1964)</li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Fiddler on the Roof</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Bock" title="Jerry Bock">Jerry Bock</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sheldon_Harnick" title="Sheldon Harnick">Sheldon Harnick</a> (1965)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Man_of_La_Mancha" title="Man of La Mancha">Man of La Mancha</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mitch_Leigh" title="Mitch Leigh">Mitch Leigh</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_Darion" title="Joe Darion">Joe Darion</a> (1966)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cabaret_(musical)" title="Cabaret (musical)">Cabaret</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Kander" title="John Kander">John Kander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fred_Ebb" title="Fred Ebb">Fred Ebb</a> (1967)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallelujah,_Baby!" title="Hallelujah, Baby!">Hallelujah, Baby!</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jule_Styne" title="Jule Styne">Jule Styne</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Comden" title="Betty Comden">Betty Comden</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Green" title="Adolph Green">Adolph Green</a> (1968)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Company_(musical)" title="Company (musical)">Company</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1971)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Follies" title="Follies">Follies</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1972)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Little_Night_Music" title="A Little Night Music">A Little Night Music</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1973)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gigi_(musical)" title="Gigi (musical)">Gigi</a> by <a href="/wiki/Frederick_Loewe" title="Frederick Loewe">Frederick Loewe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Alan_Jay_Lerner" title="Alan Jay Lerner">Alan Jay Lerner</a> (1974)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Wiz" title="The Wiz">The Wiz</a> by <a href="/wiki/Charlie_Smalls" title="Charlie Smalls">Charlie Smalls</a> (1975)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">1976–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A_Chorus_Line" title="A Chorus Line">A Chorus Line</a> by <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Hamlisch" title="Marvin Hamlisch">Marvin Hamlisch</a> and <a href="/wiki/Edward_Kleban" title="Edward Kleban">Edward Kleban</a> (1976)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annie_(musical)" title="Annie (musical)">Annie</a> by <a href="/wiki/Charles_Strouse" title="Charles Strouse">Charles Strouse</a> and <a href="/wiki/Martin_Charnin" title="Martin Charnin">Martin Charnin</a> (1977)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/On_the_Twentieth_Century" title="On the Twentieth Century">On the Twentieth Century</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cy_Coleman" title="Cy Coleman">Cy Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Comden" title="Betty Comden">Betty Comden</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Green" title="Adolph Green">Adolph Green</a> (1978)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sweeney_Todd:_The_Demon_Barber_of_Fleet_Street" title="Sweeney Todd: The Demon Barber of Fleet Street">Sweeney Todd</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1979)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evita_(musical)" title="Evita (musical)">Evita</a> by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tim_Rice" title="Tim Rice">Tim Rice</a> (1980)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woman_of_the_Year_(musical)" title="Woman of the Year (musical)">Woman of the Year</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Kander" title="John Kander">John Kander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fred_Ebb" title="Fred Ebb">Fred Ebb</a> (1981)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nine_(musical)" title="Nine (musical)">Nine</a> by <a href="/wiki/Maury_Yeston" title="Maury Yeston">Maury Yeston</a> (1982)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cats_(musical)" title="Cats (musical)">Cats</a> by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a> and <a href="/wiki/T._S._Eliot" title="T. S. Eliot">T. S. Eliot</a> (1983)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/La_Cage_aux_Folles_(musical)" title="La Cage aux Folles (musical)">La Cage aux Folles</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jerry_Herman" title="Jerry Herman">Jerry Herman</a> (1984)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_River_(musical)" title="Big River (musical)">Big River</a> by <a href="/wiki/Roger_Miller" title="Roger Miller">Roger Miller</a> (1985)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Mystery_of_Edwin_Drood_(musical)" title="The Mystery of Edwin Drood (musical)">The Mystery of Edwin Drood</a> by <a href="/wiki/Rupert_Holmes" title="Rupert Holmes">Rupert Holmes</a> (1986)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Les_Mis%C3%A9rables_(musical)" title="Les Misérables (musical)">Les Misérables</a> by <a href="/wiki/Claude-Michel_Sch%C3%B6nberg" title="Claude-Michel Schönberg">Claude-Michel Schönberg</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbert_Kretzmer" title="Herbert Kretzmer">Herbert Kretzmer</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Alain_Boublil" title="Alain Boublil">Alain Boublil</a> (1987)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Into_the_Woods" title="Into the Woods">Into the Woods</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1988)</li> <li>No Award (1989)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/City_of_Angels_(musical)" title="City of Angels (musical)">City of Angels</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cy_Coleman" title="Cy Coleman">Cy Coleman</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Zippel" title="David Zippel">David Zippel</a> (1990)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Will_Rogers_Follies" title="The Will Rogers Follies">The Will Rogers Follies</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cy_Coleman" title="Cy Coleman">Cy Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Betty_Comden" title="Betty Comden">Betty Comden</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Adolph_Green" title="Adolph Green">Adolph Green</a> (1991)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falsettos" title="Falsettos">Falsettos</a> by <a href="/wiki/William_Finn" title="William Finn">William Finn</a> (1992)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kiss_of_the_Spider_Woman_(musical)" title="Kiss of the Spider Woman (musical)">Kiss of the Spider Woman</a> by <a href="/wiki/John_Kander" title="John Kander">John Kander</a> and <a href="/wiki/Fred_Ebb" title="Fred Ebb">Fred Ebb</a> / <a href="/wiki/The_Who%27s_Tommy" title="The Who's Tommy">The Who's Tommy</a> by <a href="/wiki/Pete_Townshend" title="Pete Townshend">Pete Townshend</a> (1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Passion_(musical)" title="Passion (musical)">Passion</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Sondheim" title="Stephen Sondheim">Stephen Sondheim</a> (1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunset_Boulevard_(musical)" title="Sunset Boulevard (musical)">Sunset Boulevard</a> by <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Lloyd_Webber" title="Andrew Lloyd Webber">Andrew Lloyd Webber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Don_Black_(lyricist)" title="Don Black (lyricist)">Don Black</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Hampton" title="Christopher Hampton">Christopher Hampton</a> (1995)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rent_(musical)" title="Rent (musical)">Rent</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jonathan_Larson" title="Jonathan Larson">Jonathan Larson</a> (1996)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Titanic_(musical)" title="Titanic (musical)">Titanic</a> by <a href="/wiki/Maury_Yeston" title="Maury Yeston">Maury Yeston</a> (1997)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ragtime_(musical)" title="Ragtime (musical)">Ragtime</a> by <a href="/wiki/Stephen_Flaherty" title="Stephen Flaherty">Stephen Flaherty</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lynn_Ahrens" title="Lynn Ahrens">Lynn Ahrens</a> (1998)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Parade_(musical)" title="Parade (musical)">Parade</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jason_Robert_Brown" title="Jason Robert Brown">Jason Robert Brown</a> (1999)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aida_(musical)" title="Aida (musical)">Aida</a> by <a href="/wiki/Elton_John" title="Elton John">Elton John</a> and <a href="/wiki/Tim_Rice" title="Tim Rice">Tim Rice</a> (2000)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="background: #C0C0C0;width:1%">2001–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/The_Producers_(musical)" title="The Producers (musical)">The Producers</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mel_Brooks" title="Mel Brooks">Mel Brooks</a> (2001)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Urinetown" title="Urinetown">Urinetown</a> by <a href="/wiki/Mark_Hollmann" title="Mark Hollmann">Mark Hollmann</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greg_Kotis" title="Greg Kotis">Greg Kotis</a> (2002)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hairspray_(musical)" title="Hairspray (musical)">Hairspray</a> by <a href="/wiki/Marc_Shaiman" title="Marc Shaiman">Marc Shaiman</a> and <a href="/wiki/Scott_Wittman" title="Scott Wittman">Scott Wittman</a> (2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avenue_Q" title="Avenue Q">Avenue Q</a> by <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lopez" title="Robert Lopez">Robert Lopez</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jeff_Marx" title="Jeff Marx">Jeff Marx</a> (2004)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Light_in_the_Piazza_(musical)" title="The Light in the Piazza (musical)">The Light in the Piazza</a> by <a href="/wiki/Adam_Guettel" title="Adam Guettel">Adam Guettel</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Drowsy_Chaperone" title="The Drowsy Chaperone">The Drowsy Chaperone</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Lambert" title="Lisa Lambert">Lisa Lambert</a> and <a href="/wiki/Greg_Morrison" title="Greg Morrison">Greg Morrison</a> (2006)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spring_Awakening_(musical)" title="Spring Awakening (musical)">Spring Awakening</a> by <a href="/wiki/Duncan_Sheik" title="Duncan Sheik">Duncan Sheik</a> and <a href="/wiki/Steven_Sater" title="Steven Sater">Steven Sater</a> (2007)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/In_the_Heights" title="In the Heights">In the Heights</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda" title="Lin-Manuel Miranda">Lin-Manuel Miranda</a> (2008)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Next_to_Normal" title="Next to Normal">Next to Normal</a> by <a href="/wiki/Tom_Kitt_(musician)" title="Tom Kitt (musician)">Tom Kitt</a> and <a href="/wiki/Brian_Yorkey" title="Brian Yorkey">Brian Yorkey</a> (2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Memphis_(musical)" title="Memphis (musical)">Memphis</a> by <a href="/wiki/David_Bryan" title="David Bryan">David Bryan</a> and <a href="/wiki/Joe_DiPietro" title="Joe DiPietro">Joe DiPietro</a> (2010)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Book_of_Mormon_(musical)" title="The Book of Mormon (musical)">The Book of Mormon</a> by <a href="/wiki/Trey_Parker" title="Trey Parker">Trey Parker</a>, <a href="/wiki/Robert_Lopez" title="Robert Lopez">Robert Lopez</a> and <a href="/wiki/Matt_Stone" title="Matt Stone">Matt Stone</a> (2011)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newsies_(musical)" title="Newsies (musical)">Newsies</a> by <a href="/wiki/Alan_Menken" title="Alan Menken">Alan Menken</a> and <a href="/wiki/Jack_Feldman_(songwriter)" title="Jack Feldman (songwriter)">Jack Feldman</a> (2012)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kinky_Boots_(musical)" title="Kinky Boots (musical)">Kinky Boots</a> by <a href="/wiki/Cyndi_Lauper" title="Cyndi Lauper">Cyndi Lauper</a> (2013)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Bridges_of_Madison_County_(musical)" title="The Bridges of Madison County (musical)">The Bridges of Madison County</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jason_Robert_Brown" title="Jason Robert Brown">Jason Robert Brown</a> (2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fun_Home_(musical)" title="Fun Home (musical)">Fun Home</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jeanine_Tesori" title="Jeanine Tesori">Jeanine Tesori</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lisa_Kron" title="Lisa Kron">Lisa Kron</a> (2015)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hamilton_(musical)" title="Hamilton (musical)">Hamilton</a> by <a href="/wiki/Lin-Manuel_Miranda" title="Lin-Manuel Miranda">Lin-Manuel Miranda</a> (2016)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dear_Evan_Hansen" title="Dear Evan Hansen">Dear Evan Hansen</a> by <a href="/wiki/Benj_Pasek" title="Benj Pasek">Benj Pasek</a> and <a href="/wiki/Justin_Paul" title="Justin Paul">Justin Paul</a> (2017)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/The_Band%27s_Visit_(musical)" title="The Band's Visit (musical)">The Band's Visit</a> by <a href="/wiki/David_Yazbek" title="David Yazbek">David Yazbek</a> (2018)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hadestown" title="Hadestown">Hadestown</a> by <a href="/wiki/Ana%C3%AFs_Mitchell" title="Anaïs Mitchell">Anaïs Mitchell</a> (2019)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/A_Christmas_Carol_(2017_play)" title="A Christmas Carol (2017 play)">A Christmas Carol</a> by Christopher Nightingale (2020/21)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Six_(musical)" title="Six (musical)">Six</a> by <a href="/wiki/Toby_Marlow" title="Toby Marlow">Toby Marlow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Lucy_Moss" title="Lucy Moss">Lucy Moss</a> (2022)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kimberly_Akimbo_(musical)" title="Kimberly Akimbo (musical)">Kimberly Akimbo</a> by <a href="/wiki/Jeanine_Tesori" title="Jeanine Tesori">Jeanine Tesori</a> and <a href="/wiki/David_Lindsay-Abaire" title="David Lindsay-Abaire">David Lindsay-Abaire</a> (2023)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suffs" title="Suffs">Suffs</a> by <a href="/wiki/Shaina_Taub" title="Shaina Taub">Shaina Taub</a> (2024)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-labelledby="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487330#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Authority_control_databases_frameless&#124;text-top&#124;10px&#124;alt=Edit_this_at_Wikidata&#124;link=https&#58;//www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q487330#identifiers&#124;class=noprint&#124;Edit_this_at_Wikidata" 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0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/180236915">VIAF</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/300022344">Germany</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n83042589">United States</a></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007524118305171">Israel</a></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/work/d82125cc-679f-38c5-bb07-cca5394417e8">MusicBrainz work</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/work/7c6e897a-8152-379b-b667-5cc07b03f524">2</a></li></ul></li><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/4a172137-632b-30dd-b076-7183783f753a">MusicBrainz release group</a><ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/release-group/0699cc71-8c02-4400-890f-1556e6176247">2</a></li></ul></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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