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hoarding sites</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Common_hoarding_sites-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Motivations" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Motivations"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Motivations</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Motivations-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Repercussions" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Repercussions"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Repercussions</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Repercussions-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Positive_reasoning" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Positive_reasoning"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span 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<div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Excessive acquisition of digital material</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid #36c;background-color:#fbfbfb;box-sizing:border-box}.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+link+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+style+.ambox,.mw-parser-output .ambox+.mw-empty-elt+link+link+.ambox{margin-top:-1px}html body.mediawiki .mw-parser-output .ambox.mbox-small-left{margin:4px 1em 4px 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.ambox{display:none!important}}</style><table class="box-Essay-like plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-style ambox-essay-like" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div class="mbox-image-div"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/40px-Edit-clear.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/60px-Edit-clear.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/f/f2/Edit-clear.svg/80px-Edit-clear.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="48" data-file-height="48" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">This article <b>is written like a <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:What_Wikipedia_is_not#Wikipedia_is_not_a_publisher_of_original_thought" title="Wikipedia:What Wikipedia is not">personal reflection, personal essay, or argumentative essay</a></b> that states a Wikipedia editor's personal feelings or presents an original argument about a topic.<span class="hide-when-compact"> Please <a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit">help improve it</a> by rewriting it in an <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Writing_better_articles#Information_style_and_tone" title="Wikipedia:Writing better articles">encyclopedic style</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">November 2022</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg/220px-Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg/330px-Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg/440px-Exampleofdigitalhoarding_cluttereddesktop001.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4032" data-file-height="3024" /></a><figcaption>An extremely cluttered computer <a href="/wiki/Desktop_environment" title="Desktop environment">desktop</a>, a common example of digital hoarding.</figcaption></figure> <p><b>Digital hoarding</b> (also known as <b>e-hoarding</b>, <b>e-clutter, data hoarding,</b> <b>digital pack-rattery</b> or <b>cyber hoarding</b>) is defined by researchers as an emerging sub-type of <a href="/wiki/Hoarding_disorder" title="Hoarding disorder">hoarding disorder</a> characterized by individuals collecting excessive digital material which leads to those individuals experiencing stress and disorganization.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Digital hoarding takes place in electronic environments where information is stored digitally. The term gained popularity among online forums and in the media before receiving scholarly attention.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Research indicates there may be correlation between individuals who exhibit physical and digital hoarding behaviors<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and acknowledges there is a lack of psychological literature on the subject.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Several studies suggest the main influential factors of digital hoarding are related to a number of issues and personal reasons which includes reduced costs for storing data, individuals lacking time to curate accumulated data, the perceived lifespan of data and emotional attachment to digital assets. The studies conducted to examine digital hoarding are limited in scope as this is an emerging area of study. There is a lack of agreement among researchers about whether digital hoarding is a condition to be treated rather than a normal human activity.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <b>data hoarding</b> is also used to describe the (non-pathological) archiving of large amounts of data that might otherwise be lost, such as old video games and <a href="/wiki/Website" title="Website">websites</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Behavioral_influences">Behavioral influences</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Behavioral influences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The limited studies published that focus on examining digital hoarding behavior identified the following influential factors as having significant impact on an individual's decision to accumulate digital material: </p> <ul><li>Some individuals experience anxiety when faced with disposing of digital items, particularly if they fear losing something important.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Many digital hoarders don't know how to organize their <a href="/wiki/Digital_content" title="Digital content">digital content</a> or aren't in the habit of doing so, and they lack a methodology for determining which content is worth keeping.<sup id="cite_ref-drowning_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-drowning-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Natural creative motives such as the desire to share ideas.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Perceptions around the need or usefulness of digital assets in the future <ul><li>Perceiving digital assets will be needed in the future<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Uncertainty around what data will be needed in the future<sup id="cite_ref-:1_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li> <li>Lacking motivation to manage digital assets<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Time constraints <ul><li>Keeping all of one's digital files requires less time and effort than evaluating and deleting them.<sup id="cite_ref-cyborg_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cyborg-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul></li></ul> <p>Researchers cite the following developments in technology as playing a role in enabling the increased accumulation of digital material: </p> <ul><li>Existence of hardware and software for creating digital content<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Development of digital storage capacity<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Research_findings">Research findings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Research findings"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The increasing availability of digital materials coincides with increased opportunity for people to accumulate digital materials. Van Bennekom et al. introduced "digital hoarding" in scientific literature in 2015 after reading descriptions of it published on the Internet by both patients and professionals. They define it as "the accumulation of digital files to the point of loss of perspective, which eventually results in stress and disorganization."<sup id="cite_ref-:4_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Since the publication of this case study, several attempts have been made to study digital hoarding. In each of these publications there are clear knowledge gaps identified citing the need of more research to better understand digital hoarding.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Sweeten et al. conducted one of the first research projects in 2018 that focused on digital hoarding, examining characteristics and potential problems associated with digital hoarding.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They identified five barriers to deleting digital data including: keeping data for the future/just in case, keeping data as evidence, lazy/time-consuming, emotional attachment to data, not my server-not my problem. They also identified four problems associated with accumulating excessive amounts of data including: effects on productivity, effects on psychological wellbeing, cybersecurity issues, links with physical hoarding. Participants in this study were frequently surprised by how much data they accumulated yet still experienced difficulties when discussing discarding that information. This study of digital hoarding was limited by a small sample of participants and the absence of an agreed upon standardized scale to measure digital hoarding behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Vitale et al. published another early research project in 2018 investigating digital data perceptions among a small sample of individuals with diverse backgrounds. This research focused on what digital items individuals held onto for multiple years and the criteria used to determine why and how those digital items were considered worth saving. The researchers used hoarding and minimalism as two extremes to discuss the spectrum of tendencies uncovered during interviews as they found these tendencies required context for understanding and not fitted for binary categorization.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In addition to bringing attention to hoarding tendencies, Vitale et al.'s research compared and contrasted these tendencies as they relate to <a href="/wiki/Identity_construction" class="mw-redirect" title="Identity construction">identity construction</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:6_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:6-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dillon suggests within the spectrum Vitale et al. established with hoarding and minimalism as extremes at each end, most human engagement with digital and physical objects falls in between those two extremes.<sup id="cite_ref-:7_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:7-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Published studies focused on digital hoarding include adult participants and no children. One researcher in search of ways to apply what is known about adult hoarding to identifying and treating hoarding behavior exhibited by children suggested further research into digital hoarding behavior among children.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Constraints">Constraints</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Constraints"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The focus of existing studies on digital hoarding are narrow in scope, typically focusing on determining what differences and similarities exist between people's reasons to accumulate digital material in a work setting vs private setting. This boundary between work vs personal information spaces is becoming increasingly difficult to sustain prompting some archivists to suggest work and personal information could merge into personal record keeping. Other limitations include small sample research groups and a lack of agreed upon metrics to fully measure the aspects of digital hoarding behavior.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Common_hoarding_sites">Common hoarding sites</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Common hoarding sites"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png/220px-Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="9" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png/330px-Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png/440px-Tab_Hoarder_Bar.png 2x" data-file-width="2556" data-file-height="102" /></a><figcaption>The tab bar on Chromium of a browser tab hoarder.</figcaption></figure> <p>Digital hoarding occurs in any electronic spaces where information is stored. These are common areas where digital clutter may exist:<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Web_browser" title="Web browser">Browser</a> <a href="/wiki/Tab_(GUI)" class="mw-redirect" title="Tab (GUI)">tabs</a></li> <li>Excessive <a href="/wiki/Icon_(computing)" title="Icon (computing)">desktop icons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_image" title="Digital image">Digital images</a></li> <li>Old <a href="/wiki/Electronic_document" title="Electronic document">documents</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Directory_(computing)" title="Directory (computing)">File folders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Email" title="Email">Email inboxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bookmark_(World_Wide_Web)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bookmark (World Wide Web)">Internet bookmarks</a> no longer being referenced</li> <li>Music and video files</li> <li>Old <a href="/wiki/Software" title="Software">software</a>/<a href="/wiki/Computer_program" title="Computer program">computer programs</a>/<a href="/wiki/Application_software" title="Application software">apps</a> no longer being used</li> <li>Social media/Online game "friends" and "following"</li></ul> <p>Some <a href="/wiki/Social_media" title="Social media">social media</a> platforms also provide opportunity for digital hoarding. On the <a href="/wiki/Social_networking_service" title="Social networking service">social networking site</a> <a href="/wiki/Facebook" title="Facebook">Facebook</a>, for example, one can accumulate a vast number of “<a href="/wiki/Facebook_features#Friends" class="mw-redirect" title="Facebook features">friends</a>”, even reaching the maximum limit of 5000 for example, that may merely be acquaintances or lapsed contacts or even complete strangers.<sup id="cite_ref-eduniverse_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eduniverse-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/List_of_Facebook_features#Groups" title="List of Facebook features">Groups</a> and Pages can also contribute to clutter when users join and like new ones, respectively, without leaving or unfollowing those in which they are no longer interested.<sup id="cite_ref-eduniverse_16-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-eduniverse-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Motivations">Motivations</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Motivations"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digital hoarding stems from a variety of individual traits and habits, corporate conditions, and societal trends: </p> <ul><li>Many businesses rely on email correspondence for decision-making and formal approvals, so employees are often careful to keep work emails in case they are needed to verify a decision later.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Data_storage" title="Data storage">Data storage devices</a> are now so large and inexpensive that individuals and companies often do not feel the need to save data selectively.<sup id="cite_ref-PCMag_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-PCMag-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-gayle_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-gayle-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>The widespread availability and rapid dissemination of <a href="/wiki/Open_content" class="mw-redirect" title="Open content">open content</a> on the Internet makes it easier for users to obtain <a href="/wiki/Digital_media" title="Digital media">digital media</a>, which can accumulate more quickly than ever.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Since digital media does not take up physical space, they're less likely to be perceived as clutter, and users can more easily forget the extent of what they own.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_17-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Unlike many physical items, electronic content can take years to <a href="/wiki/Data_degradation" title="Data degradation">decay</a> and often goes unnoticed, so users must consciously choose to delete it.<sup id="cite_ref-networkcomputing_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-networkcomputing-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Repercussions">Repercussions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Repercussions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Digital hoarding can lead to potential issues: </p> <ul><li>Digital clutter can be mentally draining, requiring time and attention. For example, hoarded emails can make an inbox seem overwhelming unless emails are archived when filtered. The user wastes time sifting through excess emails, which can result in lowered employee productivity.<sup id="cite_ref-pro_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pro-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Digital hoarding can create an unhealthy attachment to digital content and foster a sort of “media addiction.”<sup id="cite_ref-lifehacker_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-lifehacker-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is often good for one's <a href="/wiki/Mental_health" title="Mental health">mental health</a> to let go of useless clutter, and decluttering digital devices can help with decluttering the mind.<sup id="cite_ref-digitaltrends_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-digitaltrends-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Excessive digital content takes up more <a href="/wiki/Hard_disk_drive" title="Hard disk drive">hard drive</a> space than it merits, and may even require the addition of extra digital storage to one's computer or <a href="/wiki/Mobile_phone" title="Mobile phone">mobile phone</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Server_farm" title="Server farm">Server farms</a> use more electricity as they need more disk drives. The extra load is especially notable in corporate domains.<sup id="cite_ref-forbes_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> This adds to an individual's or company's electricity expenses if self hosted and <a href="/wiki/Carbon_footprint" title="Carbon footprint">carbon footprint</a> if stored on a server.<sup id="cite_ref-forbes_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-forbes-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Positive_reasoning">Positive reasoning</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Positive reasoning"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>From the few studies that have specifically examined digital hoarding, participants cite their reasoning for saving many digital files is due to the lack of physical space it takes up.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_5-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Siddick et al. examined carbon and water footprints of data centers located in the United States noting a lack of transparency surrounding the role of data centers in handling data, obscuring the environmental implications of data centers from the public eye.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Media_coverage">Media coverage</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Media coverage"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Many American <a href="/wiki/Television_documentary" title="Television documentary">documentary television</a> series depict the struggles of compulsive hoarders, such as <i><a href="/wiki/Hoarding:_Buried_Alive" title="Hoarding: Buried Alive">Hoarding: Buried Alive</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/TLC_(TV_network)" title="TLC (TV network)">TLC</a> and <i><a href="/wiki/Hoarders_(TV_series)" title="Hoarders (TV series)">Hoarders</a></i> on <a href="/wiki/A%26E_(TV_channel)" class="mw-redirect" title="A&E (TV channel)">A&E</a>. These shows have popularized awareness of hoarding, showing the consequences of accumulating clutter. However, these programs usually focus on physical hoarding. The <a href="/wiki/WPTV-TV" title="WPTV-TV">WPTV</a> story of <a href="/wiki/Fort_Lauderdale,_Florida" title="Fort Lauderdale, Florida">Fort Lauderdale, Florida</a>, resident Larry Fisher is a notable exception. This program focused on digital hoarding, depicting Fisher's longstanding refusal to delete any digital content. Instead, Fisher purchased an additional computer every time he ran out of hard drive space.<sup id="cite_ref-WPTV_26-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-WPTV-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/BBC_News" title="BBC News">BBC News</a> story of <a href="/wiki/Washington,_D.C." title="Washington, D.C.">Washington, D.C.</a>, resident Chris Yurista expresses a counterpoint to this perspective. The program portrayed Yurista as a "21st century <a href="/wiki/Minimalist" class="mw-redirect" title="Minimalist">minimalist</a>" for living with hardly any physical assets, substituting <a href="/wiki/Digital_goods" title="Digital goods">digital goods</a> wherever possible.<sup id="cite_ref-BBC_News_27-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-BBC_News-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Related_concepts">Related concepts</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Related concepts"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><b>Digital clutter</b> is the term often used to describe the resulting (digital) artifacts of digital hoarding, but it should not be understood as exclusively the result of hoarding. Digital clutter can be created as a side-effect of high occurrences of another user activity, such as the computer desktop icons created through frequent installation of applications. In such a case the clutter does not reflect the user's intent to hoard.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/Housekeeping" title="Housekeeping">Housekeeping</a></b> is the term often used to refer to the activity by which digital clutter moves out of the 'clutter' designation, either by being thrown away, being organised, or by the recognition of its importance, thus no longer making it part of the 'clutter'.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (May 2023)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><b>Gadget hoarding</b> is the excessive hoarding of electronic hardware including computers, cellphones, wires and cables, VCR and DVD players, audio equipment, routers, and tablets; it can occur in individuals alongside digital hoarding.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Harold_T._Martin_III" class="mw-redirect" title="Harold T. Martin III">Harold T. Martin III</a> – convicted of stealing 50 terabytes of data from the National Security Agency (NSA) with an alleged motive of digital hoarding.</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Compulsive_hoarding" class="mw-redirect" title="Compulsive hoarding">Compulsive hoarding</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Web_archiving" title="Web archiving">Web archiving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_preservation" title="Digital preservation">Digital preservation</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width reflist-columns-2"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-:4-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFVan_BennekomBlomVulinkDenys2015" class="citation journal cs1">Van Bennekom, Martine J.; 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2014-04-08</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=WPTV&rft.atitle=E-hoarding+is+a+new+phenomenon+that+is+quickly+spreading+amongst+computer+users&rft.date=2014-04-29&rft.aulast=Anfinsen&rft.aufirst=Jason&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.wptv.com%2Fnews%2Fscience-tech%2Fe-hoarding-is-a-new-phenomenon-spreading-like-a-computer-virus-for-users&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-BBC_News-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-BBC_News_27-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDanzico2010" class="citation web cs1">Danzico, Matthew (2010-08-16). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-us-canada-10928032">"Cult of less: Living out of a hard drive"</a>. <i>BBC News</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210203035357/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-us-canada-10928032">Archived</a> from the original on 2021-02-03.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft.atitle=Cult+of+less%3A+Living+out+of+a+hard+drive&rft.date=2010-08-16&rft.aulast=Danzico&rft.aufirst=Matthew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fworld-us-canada-10928032&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cnet.com/culture/your-new-disease-america-compulsive-gadget-hoarding/">"Your new disease, America: Compulsive gadget-hoarding"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Your+new+disease%2C+America%3A+Compulsive+gadget-hoarding&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnet.com%2Fculture%2Fyour-new-disease-america-compulsive-gadget-hoarding%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClayton" class="citation news cs1">Clayton, Nick. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/worklife/article/20140715-are-you-a-gadget-hoarder">"Facing reality: Are you a gadget hoarder?"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Facing+reality%3A+Are+you+a+gadget+hoarder%3F&rft.aulast=Clayton&rft.aufirst=Nick&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fworklife%2Farticle%2F20140715-are-you-a-gadget-hoarder&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://abc7chicago.com/archive/9390213/">"Gadget hoarding: A growing problem in the Digital Age"</a>. <i>ABC7 Chicago</i>. 12 January 2014<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">11 November</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=ABC7+Chicago&rft.atitle=Gadget+hoarding%3A+A+growing+problem+in+the+Digital+Age&rft.date=2014-01-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fabc7chicago.com%2Farchive%2F9390213%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://miami.cbslocal.com/2013/12/13/are-you-a-gadget-hoarder/">"Are You a Gadget Hoarder?"</a>. 13 December 2013.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Are+You+a+Gadget+Hoarder%3F&rft.date=2013-12-13&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmiami.cbslocal.com%2F2013%2F12%2F13%2Fare-you-a-gadget-hoarder%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lancasteronline.com/features/gadget-hoarding-when-technology-runs-amok/article_cf52bc7a-dc3a-11e3-9215-0017a43b2370.html">"Gadget hoarding: When technology runs amok"</a>. 15 May 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Gadget+hoarding%3A+When+technology+runs+amok&rft.date=2014-05-15&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Flancasteronline.com%2Ffeatures%2Fgadget-hoarding-when-technology-runs-amok%2Farticle_cf52bc7a-dc3a-11e3-9215-0017a43b2370.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.news4jax.com/consumer/2014/01/06/growing-concern-over-gadget-hoarding/">"Growing concern over gadget hoarding"</a>. 6 January 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Growing+concern+over+gadget+hoarding&rft.date=2014-01-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.news4jax.com%2Fconsumer%2F2014%2F01%2F06%2Fgrowing-concern-over-gadget-hoarding%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://venturebeat.com/2014/06/04/got-old-gadgets-you-may-be-a-hoarder/">"Got old gadgets? You may be a hoarder"</a>. 4 June 2014.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Got+old+gadgets%3F+You+may+be+a+hoarder&rft.date=2014-06-04&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fventurebeat.com%2F2014%2F06%2F04%2Fgot-old-gadgets-you-may-be-a-hoarder%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.naplesnews.com/lifestyle/organized-gadget-hoarding-in-our-homes-ep-788403380-331699191.html">"Organized: Gadget hoarding in our homes"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Organized%3A+Gadget+hoarding+in+our+homes&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.naplesnews.com%2Flifestyle%2Forganized-gadget-hoarding-in-our-homes-ep-788403380-331699191.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.wcrecycler.com/blog/dont-be-guilty-of-hoarding-old-unused-electronics">"Hoarding Old, Unused Electronics"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Hoarding+Old%2C+Unused+Electronics&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.wcrecycler.com%2Fblog%2Fdont-be-guilty-of-hoarding-old-unused-electronics&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMayer-Schönberger2010" class="citation book cs1">Mayer-Schönberger, Viktor (2010). <i>Delete: The Virtue of Forgetting in the Digital Age</i>. Princeton: Princeton University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0691150369" title="Special:BookSources/978-0691150369"><bdi>978-0691150369</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Delete%3A+The+Virtue+of+Forgetting+in+the+Digital+Age&rft.place=Princeton&rft.pub=Princeton+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0691150369&rft.aulast=Mayer-Sch%C3%B6nberger&rft.aufirst=Viktor&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ADigital+hoarding" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&oldid=1251537779">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Digital_hoarding&oldid=1251537779</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Compulsive_hoarding" title="Category:Compulsive hoarding">Compulsive hoarding</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Computing_and_society" title="Category:Computing and society">Computing and society</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Hidden categories: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_short_description" title="Category:Articles with short description">Articles with short description</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Short_description_matches_Wikidata" title="Category:Short description matches Wikidata">Short description matches Wikidata</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Wikipedia_articles_with_style_issues_from_November_2022" title="Category:Wikipedia articles with style issues from November 2022">Wikipedia articles with style issues from November 2022</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_style_issues" title="Category:All articles with style issues">All articles with style issues</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:All_articles_with_unsourced_statements" title="Category:All articles with unsourced statements">All articles with unsourced statements</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Articles_with_unsourced_statements_from_May_2023" title="Category:Articles with unsourced statements from May 2023">Articles with unsourced statements from May 2023</a></li></ul></div></div> </div> </main> </div> <div class="mw-footer-container"> <footer id="footer" class="mw-footer" > <ul id="footer-info"> <li id="footer-info-lastmod"> This page was last edited on 16 October 2024, at 17:23<span class="anonymous-show"> (UTC)</span>.</li> <li id="footer-info-copyright">Text is available under the <a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Text_of_the_Creative_Commons_Attribution-ShareAlike_4.0_International_License" title="Wikipedia:Text of the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License">Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 License</a>; additional terms may apply. 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