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</div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目录" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目录</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至侧栏</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隐藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-社会主义阵营理论" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#社会主义阵营理论"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>社会主义阵营理论</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-社会主义阵营理论-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关社会主义阵营理论子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-社会主义阵营理论-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-《现代汉语词典》[1]" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#《现代汉语词典》[1]"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>《现代汉语词典》<sup><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></sup></span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-《现代汉语词典》[1]-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-毛泽东思想" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#毛泽东思想"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.2</span> <span>毛泽东思想</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-毛泽东思想-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-列寧的帝國主義論" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#列寧的帝國主義論"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.3</span> <span>列寧的帝國主義論</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-列寧的帝國主義論-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-资本主义阵营理论" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#资本主义阵营理论"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>资本主义阵营理论</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-资本主义阵营理论-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>开关资本主义阵营理论子章节</span> </button> <ul id="toc-资本主义阵营理论-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-詞源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#詞源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>詞源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-詞源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>历史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-孫中山的帝國主義論" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#孫中山的帝國主義論"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>孫中山的帝國主義論</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-孫中山的帝國主義論-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-環境決定論" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#環境決定論"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.4</span> <span>環境決定論</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-環境決定論-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-歷史上的帝国主义" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#歷史上的帝国主义"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.5</span> <span>歷史上的帝国主义</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-歷史上的帝国主义-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-其他國家的帝國主義" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#其他國家的帝國主義"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6</span> <span>其他國家的帝國主義</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-其他國家的帝國主義-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-英國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#英國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.1</span> <span>英國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-英國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-法國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#法國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.2</span> <span>法國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-法國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-德國" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#德國"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.3</span> <span>德國</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-德國-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-日本" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#日本"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.4</span> <span>日本</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-日本-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-中国" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#中国"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.6.5</span> <span>中国</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-中国-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考资料" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考资料"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>参考资料</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考资料-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-參見" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#參見"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>參見</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-參見-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-外部連結" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#外部連結"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>外部連結</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-外部連結-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">帝国主义</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。124种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-124" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">124种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismus" title="Imperialismus – 瑞士德语" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Imperialismus" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="瑞士德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A5%D9%85%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="إمبريالية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="إمبريالية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismu" title="Imperialismu – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Imperialismu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 阿瓦尔语" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="阿瓦尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mperializm" title="İmperializm – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="İmperializm" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C%DB%8C%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A7%DA%86%DB%8C%D9%84%DB%8C%D9%82" title="یاییلماچیلیق – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="یاییلماچیلیق" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 巴什基尔语" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="巴什基尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bar mw-list-item"><a href="https://bar.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismus" title="Imperialismus – 巴伐利亞文" lang="bar" hreflang="bar" data-title="Imperialismus" data-language-autonym="Boarisch" data-language-local-name="巴伐利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Boarisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bat-smg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bat-smg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imper%C4%93l%C4%97zmos" title="Imperēlėzmos – 薩莫吉希亞文" lang="sgs" hreflang="sgs" data-title="Imperēlėzmos" data-language-autonym="Žemaitėška" data-language-local-name="薩莫吉希亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Žemaitėška</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Імперыялізм – 白俄罗斯语" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Імперыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄罗斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D1%8D%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Імпэрыялізм – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Імпэрыялізм" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D1%8A%D0%BC" title="Империализъм – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Империализъм" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%9C%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%AC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6" title="সাম্রাজ্যবাদ – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সাম্রাজ্যবাদ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impalaerouriezh" title="Impalaerouriezh – 布列塔尼语" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Impalaerouriezh" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperijalizam" title="Imperijalizam – 波斯尼亚语" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Imperijalizam" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波斯尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-btm mw-list-item"><a href="https://btm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – Batak Mandailing" lang="btm" hreflang="btm" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Batak Mandailing" data-language-local-name="Batak Mandailing" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Batak Mandailing</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bxr mw-list-item"><a href="https://bxr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – Russia Buriat" lang="bxr" hreflang="bxr" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Буряад" data-language-local-name="Russia Buriat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Буряад</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 车臣语" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="车臣语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%8C%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="ئیمپریالیزم – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئیمپریالیزم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismus" title="Imperialismus – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Imperialismus" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialaeth" title="Imperialaeth – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Imperialaeth" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 丹麦语" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麦语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismus" title="Imperialismus – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Imperialismus" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0mperyalizm" title="İmperyalizm – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="İmperyalizm" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%99%CE%BC%CF%80%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%B9%CF%83%CE%BC%CF%8C%CF%82" title="Ιμπεριαλισμός – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ιμπεριαλισμός" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="优良条目"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperiismo" title="Imperiismo – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Imperiismo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inperialismo" title="Inperialismo – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Inperialismo" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B3%D9%85" title="امپریالیسم – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="امپریالیسم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi badge-Q17559452 badge-recommendedarticle mw-list-item" title="推荐条目"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismi" title="Imperialismi – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Imperialismi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fiu-vro mw-list-item"><a href="https://fiu-vro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 佛羅文" lang="vro" hreflang="vro" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Võro" data-language-local-name="佛羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Võro</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imp%C3%A9rialisme" title="Impérialisme – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Impérialisme" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ymperialisme" title="Ymperialisme – 西弗里西亚语" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Ymperialisme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gcr mw-list-item"><a href="https://gcr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emp%C3%A9ryalism" title="Empéryalism – Guianan Creole" lang="gcr" hreflang="gcr" data-title="Empéryalism" data-language-autonym="Kriyòl gwiyannen" data-language-local-name="Guianan Creole" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kriyòl gwiyannen</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 豪萨语" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="豪萨语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אימפריאליזם – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אימפריאליזם" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्राज्यवाद – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="साम्राज्यवाद" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Samrajwaad" title="Samrajwaad – 斐濟印地文" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Samrajwaad" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="斐濟印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fiji Hindi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperijalizam" title="Imperijalizam – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Imperijalizam" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializmus" title="Imperializmus – 匈牙利语" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Imperializmus" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%BB%D5%B4%D5%BA%D5%A5%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AC%D5%AB%D5%A6%D5%B4" title="Իմպերիալիզմ – 亚美尼亚语" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Իմպերիալիզմ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亚美尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperalismo" title="Imperalismo – 国际语" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Imperalismo" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="国际语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 伊洛卡诺语" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="伊洛卡诺语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 伊多语" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heimsvaldastefna" title="Heimsvaldastefna – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Heimsvaldastefna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="帝国主義 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="帝国主義" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jam mw-list-item"><a href="https://jam.wikipedia.org/wiki/Impiirializim" title="Impiirializim – 牙買加克里奧爾英文" lang="jam" hreflang="jam" data-title="Impiirializim" data-language-autonym="Patois" data-language-local-name="牙買加克里奧爾英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Patois</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="იმპერიალიზმი – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="იმპერიალიზმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aj%C9%9By%C9%9B_%C3%B1%CA%8A%C5%8B_y%C9%94%C9%94_ca%C9%A3%CA%8A%CA%8A_l%C9%A9ma%C9%A3z%C9%A9y%C9%9B_t%C9%94m" title="Ajɛyɛ ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Ajɛyɛ ñʊŋ yɔɔ caɣʊʊ lɩmaɣzɩyɛ tɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kabɩyɛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%A0%9C%EA%B5%AD%EC%A3%BC%EC%9D%98" title="제국주의 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="제국주의" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-krc mw-list-item"><a href="https://krc.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" lang="krc" hreflang="krc" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Къарачай-малкъар" data-language-local-name="卡拉恰伊巴尔卡尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Къарачай-малкъар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Emperyal%C3%AEzm" title="Împeryalîzm – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Împeryalîzm" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperouregieth" title="Emperouregieth – 康沃尔语" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Emperouregieth" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="康沃尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kernowek</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 柯尔克孜语" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="柯尔克孜语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismus" title="Imperialismus – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Imperialismus" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 林堡语" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lmo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lmo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 倫巴底文" lang="lmo" hreflang="lmo" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Lombard" data-language-local-name="倫巴底文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lombard</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializmas" title="Imperializmas – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Imperializmas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperi%C4%81lisms" title="Imperiālisms – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Imperiālisms" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisma" title="Imperialisma – 马拉加斯语" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Imperialisma" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="马拉加斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 米南佳保语" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="米南佳保语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Империјализам – 马其顿语" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Империјализам" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="马其顿语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%B8%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%AE%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B0%E0%B4%BE%E0%B4%9C%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%A4%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B5%E0%B4%82" title="സാമ്രാജ്യത്വം – 马拉雅拉姆语" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="സാമ്രാജ്യത്വം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="马拉雅拉姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="典范条目"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्राज्यवाद – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="साम्राज्यवाद" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mwl mw-list-item"><a href="https://mwl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amperialismo" title="Amperialismo – 米兰德斯语" lang="mwl" hreflang="mwl" data-title="Amperialismo" data-language-autonym="Mirandés" data-language-local-name="米兰德斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Mirandés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismus" title="Imperialismus – 低地德语" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Imperialismus" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="低地德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Plattdüütsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6" title="साम्राज्यवाद – 尼泊尔语" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="साम्राज्यवाद" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="尼泊尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 挪威尼诺斯克语" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="挪威尼诺斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nrm mw-list-item"><a href="https://nrm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%8Emp%C3%A9rialisme" title="Împérialisme – Norman" lang="nrf" hreflang="nrf" data-title="Împérialisme" data-language-autonym="Nouormand" data-language-local-name="Norman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nouormand</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialisme" title="Imperialisme – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Imperialisme" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%9C%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A6" title="ਸਾਮਰਾਜਵਾਦ – 旁遮普语" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸਾਮਰਾਜਵਾਦ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="旁遮普语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializm" title="Imperializm – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Imperializm" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 皮埃蒙特文" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="皮埃蒙特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="سامراجیت – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="سامراجیت" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%BE%D8%B1%DB%8C%D8%A7%D9%84%DB%8C%D8%B2%D9%85" title="امپریالیزم – 普什图语" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="امپریالیزم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="普什图语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پښتو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialismo" title="Imperialismo – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Imperialismo" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rm mw-list-item"><a href="https://rm.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialissem" title="Imperialissem – 罗曼什语" lang="rm" hreflang="rm" data-title="Imperialissem" data-language-autonym="Rumantsch" data-language-local-name="罗曼什语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Rumantsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Імперіалізм – 盧森尼亞文" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Імперіалізм" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="盧森尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 萨哈语" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="萨哈语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mpirialismu" title="Mpirialismu – 西西里语" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Mpirialismu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="西西里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 苏格兰语" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="苏格兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%AA" title="سامراجيت – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="سامراجيت" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperijalizam" title="Imperijalizam – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Imperijalizam" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%85%E0%B6%B0%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%AF%E0%B6%BA" title="අධිරාජ්‍යවාදය – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="අධිරාජ්‍යවාදය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializmus" title="Imperializmus – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Imperializmus" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializem" title="Imperializem – 斯洛文尼亚语" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Imperializem" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="斯洛文尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializmi" title="Imperializmi – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Imperializmi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC" title="Империјализам – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Империјализам" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism" title="Imperialism – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Imperialism" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ubeberu" title="Ubeberu – 斯瓦希里语" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Ubeberu" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="斯瓦希里语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%9A%E0%AF%81%E0%AE%B5%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="பேரரசுவாதம் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பேரரசுவாதம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%88%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="จักรวรรดินิยม – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="จักรวรรดินิยม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyalismo" title="Imperyalismo – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Imperyalismo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emperyalizm" title="Emperyalizm – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Emperyalizm" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Империализм – 鞑靼语" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Империализм" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="鞑靼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%86%D0%BC%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%B7%D0%BC" title="Імперіалізм – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Імперіалізм" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AC%DB%8C%D8%AA" title="سامراجیت – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="سامراجیت" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperializm" title="Imperializm – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Imperializm" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ch%E1%BB%A7_ngh%C4%A9a_%C4%91%E1%BA%BF_qu%E1%BB%91c" title="Chủ nghĩa đế quốc – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Chủ nghĩa đế quốc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperyalism%C3%B3" title="Imperyalismó – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Imperyalismó" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="帝国主义 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="帝国主义" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%9E%E1%83%94%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98%E1%83%96%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="იმპერიალიზმი – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="იმპერიალიზმი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%A4%D7%A2%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%90%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%96%D7%9D" title="אימפעריאליזם – 意第绪语" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="אימפעריאליזם" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="意第绪语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="帝國主義 – 文言文" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="帝國主義" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="文言文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A8-kok-ch%C3%BA-g%C4%AB" title="Tè-kok-chú-gī – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Tè-kok-chú-gī" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="帝國主義 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="帝國主義" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ububhozomeli" title="Ububhozomeli – 祖鲁语" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="Ububhozomeli" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="祖鲁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>IsiZulu</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q7260#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="浏览条目正文[c]" accesskey="c"><span>条目</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" rel="discussion" 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Expert_needed plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/40px-Ambox_important.svg.png" decoding="async" width="40" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/60px-Ambox_important.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Ambox_important.svg/80px-Ambox_important.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="40" data-file-height="40" /></span></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此條目需要<b>精通或熟悉<a href="/wiki/%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="政治">政治</a>的编者</b>参与及协助编辑。<span class="hide-when-compact"></span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">2021年10月24日</span>)</i></small><span class="hide-when-compact"><br /><small>請<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6%E9%82%80%E8%AB%8B%E5%B7%A5%E4%BD%9C%E5%B0%8F%E7%B5%84" title="Wikipedia:專家邀請工作小組">邀請</a>適合的人士<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit">改善本条目</a>。更多的細節與詳情請參见<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="Talk:帝国主义">討論頁</a>。<br />另見其他<a href="/wiki/Category:%E9%9C%80%E8%A6%81%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E5%85%B3%E6%B3%A8%E7%9A%84%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="Category:需要政治专家关注的页面">需要政治專家關注的頁面</a>。</small></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>现代汉语术语<b>帝国主义</b>的主要意思有两类，分别为社会主义阵营和资本主义阵营所用，前者所着重的是实施方的经济垄断性，后者强调实施者的对外侵略性；纵然中文写法一样，其实翻译来源是不同的概念，于是出现了这种同词异义的现象。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="社会主义阵营理论"><span id=".E7.A4.BE.E4.BC.9A.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89.E9.98.B5.E8.90.A5.E7.90.86.E8.AE.BA"></span>社会主义阵营理论</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：社会主义阵营理论"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="《现代汉语词典》[1]"><span id=".E3.80.8A.E7.8E.B0.E4.BB.A3.E6.B1.89.E8.AF.AD.E8.AF.8D.E5.85.B8.E3.80.8B.5B1.5D"></span>《现代汉语词典》<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：《现代汉语词典》[1]"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>“帝国主义”被定义做： <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r61209892">.mw-parser-output .templatequote{margin-top:0;overflow:hidden}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite{line-height:1em;text-align:left;padding-left:2em;margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .templatequote .templatequotecite cite{font-size:small}</style> </p> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>资本主义发展的最高阶段。它的基本特征是垄断代替了自由竞争，形成金融寡头的统治。</p></blockquote> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r61209892"> <blockquote class="templatequote"><p>指帝国主义国家。</p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="毛泽东思想"><span id=".E6.AF.9B.E6.B3.BD.E4.B8.9C.E6.80.9D.E6.83.B3"></span>毛泽东思想</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：毛泽东思想"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r83732972"><table class="box-Expand_section plainlinks metadata ambox mbox-small-left ambox-content" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="[icon]" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/20px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="14" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/30px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1c/Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg/40px-Wiki_letter_w_cropped.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="44" data-file-height="31" /></a></span></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">此章节需要<a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit"><b>扩充</b></a>。</div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C" title="毛泽东">毛泽东</a>认为，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89_(%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89)" title="修正主义 (马克思主义)">修正主义</a>国家或「<a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会帝国主义">社会帝国主义</a>国家」也可以实施帝国主义政策。他在关于帝国主义在中国侵略方面谈论到“帝国主义列强侵略中国，在一方面促使中国封建社会解体，促使中国发生了资本主义因素，把一个封建社会变成了一个半封建的社会；但是在另一方面，它们又残酷地统治了中国，把一个独立的中国变成了一个半殖民地和殖民地的中国。” </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="列寧的帝國主義論"><span id=".E5.88.97.E5.AF.A7.E7.9A.84.E5.B8.9D.E5.9C.8B.E4.B8.BB.E7.BE.A9.E8.AB.96"></span>列寧的帝國主義論</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：列寧的帝國主義論"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%AF%A7" class="mw-redirect" title="列寧">列寧</a>在1917年發表《<a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E6%98%AF%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E9%98%B6%E6%AE%B5" title="帝国主义是资本主义的最高阶段">帝国主义是资本主义的最高阶段</a>》一書，共分十章，從經濟觀點較有系統地探討了帝國主義。他的結論是：帝国主义政策多在<a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%84%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="资本主义">资本主义</a>国家被实施，而且只有资本主义<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6" title="国家">国家</a>才有基础实行帝国主义<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，帝国主义是垄断的、寄生的、腐朽的、垂死的资本主义，是资本主义发展的最高和最后阶段。 </p><p>在列寧此後不久的另一篇文章《帝國主義和社會主義運動中的分裂》中，他做出了更簡要的勾勒： </p> <ol><li>帝國主義是資本主義的一個特殊歷史階段，這個特點分三個方面 <ol><li>帝國主義是<a href="/wiki/%E5%A3%9F%E6%96%B7" class="mw-redirect" title="壟斷">壟斷</a>的資本主義；</li> <li>帝國主義是寄生的或腐朽的資本主義；</li> <li>帝國主義是垂死的資本主義。壟斷代替自由競爭，是帝國主義的根本經濟特徵，是帝國主義的實質。</li></ol></li> <li>壟斷制表現五種主要形式； <ol><li>成立<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E7%89%B9%E5%B0%94" title="卡特尔">卡特爾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E8%BF%AA%E5%8A%A0" title="辛迪加">辛迪加</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="托拉斯">托拉斯</a>；生產集中達到了產生這種資本家壟斷同盟的階段；</li> <li>大銀行占壟斷地位，3—5家大銀行支配著美、法、德三國的全部經濟生活；</li> <li>原料產地被各托拉斯和金融寡頭佔據（金融資本是同銀行資本融合的壟斷工業資本）；</li> <li>國際卡特爾開始（在經濟上）瓜分世界。這種國際卡特爾的數目已超過100個，它們控制著整個世界市場，並且「和睦地」進行瓜分（在戰爭還沒重新瓜分它以前）。資本輸出作為一種非常典型的現象，和非壟斷資本主義時期的商品輸出不同，它同從經濟上，從政治和領土上瓜分世界有著密切的聯繫；</li> <li>從領土上瓜分世界（瓜分殖民地）已經完畢。</li></ol></li></ol> <figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png/700px-World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png" decoding="async" width="700" height="280" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png/1050px-World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/24/World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png/1400px-World_1898_empires_colonies_territory.png 2x" data-file-width="1560" data-file-height="624" /></a><figcaption>1898年的帝國主義列強勢力圖</figcaption></figure> <p>自第二次世界大戰後，西方國家對第三世界的政治及軍事干預轉趨細緻，但是這套富國輸出資本、在經濟上壓榨窮國的框架仍吸引了不少學者及左派人士。後起的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BE%9D%E9%99%84%E7%90%86%E8%AE%BA_(%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%AD%A6)" title="依附理论 (国际政治经济学)">依賴理論</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E9%AB%94%E7%B3%BB%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="世界體系理論">世界體系理論</a>等等，均可視為帝國主義論的餘緒。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="资本主义阵营理论"><span id=".E8.B5.84.E6.9C.AC.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89.E9.98.B5.E8.90.A5.E7.90.86.E8.AE.BA"></span>资本主义阵营理论</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：资本主义阵营理论"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg/200px-China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="274" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg/300px-China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg/400px-China_imperialism_cartoon.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3118" data-file-height="4267" /></a><figcaption>新兴欧洲诸帝国（代表<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9B%BD" title="英国">英国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%A5%B3%E7%8E%8B" title="维多利亚女王">维多利亚女王</a>、代表<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%9B%E4%B8%BD%E5%AE%89%E5%A8%9C" title="玛丽安娜">瑪麗安娜</a>、代表<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="德意志帝国">德意志帝国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD)" title="威廉二世 (德国)">威廉二世</a>、代表<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯帝国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E4%BA%8C%E4%B8%96_(%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF)" title="尼古拉二世 (俄罗斯)">尼古拉二世</a>及代表<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大日本帝国">大日本帝国</a>的<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%AD%A6%E5%A3%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="日本武士">武士</a>）瓜分旧帝国：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B_(%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E7%BE%A9)" class="mw-disambig" title="中華帝國 (消歧義)">中华帝国</a>，代表<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%B8%85%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="大清帝国">清廷</a>的清装官员惊惶却無能為力<br /><span style="font-size:smaller;">著名的<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="法國">法國</a>諷刺漫畫，繪於1890年代後期。</span></figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png/200px-Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="259" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png/300px-Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png/400px-Punch_Rhodes_Colossus.png 2x" data-file-width="2069" data-file-height="2681" /></a><figcaption>殖民主義者<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E8%A5%BF%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E7%BD%97%E5%85%B9" title="塞西尔·罗兹">塞西尔·罗兹</a>及其希望自北到南貫通非洲的<a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E7%BE%85%EF%BC%8D%E9%96%8B%E6%99%AE%E6%95%A6%E9%90%B5%E8%B7%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="開羅－開普敦鐵路">開羅－開普敦鐵路</a>計劃，塞西尔·罗兹成立了<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E6%AF%94%E5%B0%94%E6%96%AF" title="戴比尔斯">戴比爾斯</a>公司，擁有<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%88%97%E9%A2%A0%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="不列颠南非公司">不列颠南非公司</a>，非洲國家<a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B4%E5%A8%81" title="辛巴威">辛巴威</a>的前身<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E" title="羅德西亞">羅德西亞</a>也因此而得名</figcaption></figure> <p>帝国主义是一种政治主张或实践，主要内容是一個國家通过夺取其他國家的领土和奴役其人民建立经济及政治霸权，凌驾于别国之上。<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>帝國主義一詞帶貶意及負面的，因為在被佔領的國家中，大多數人受到剝削，只有極少數的人從中得利。帝國主義經常被認為在道德上應受譴責，而且這個詞經常在國際宣傳中被用來譴責和詆毀對手的外交政策。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>帝国主义是「一個國家的政策，藉由殖民、軍事或其他手段擴張其國力及其影響力」<sup id="cite_ref-oxforddictionaries.com_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxforddictionaries.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。帝国主义對現今的世界有很大的影響<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。像西方國家及日本在十九世紀及二十世紀所實行之<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="新帝國主義">新帝國主義</a>對亞洲及歐洲的政治、經濟地位。學者對帝国主义準確的定義仍有爭議，像<a href="/wiki/%E7%88%B1%E5%BE%B7%E5%8D%8E%C2%B7%E8%90%A8%E4%B9%89%E5%BE%B7" title="爱德华·萨义德">爱德华·萨义德</a>就用此詞來描述一個由中心國家及周圍國家形成，有支配和從屬關係的系統<sup id="cite_ref-Edward_Said_1994._P._9_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edward_Said_1994._P._9-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>牛津字典對帝国主义的定義是「不平等的人類及領土的關係，一般會以是帝国的形式出現，基於優勢及主導的行為，將權力及控制延伸到其他國家的人民。」<sup id="cite_ref-oxforddictionaries.com_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-oxforddictionaries.com-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。帝国主义是一種<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E8%AD%98%E5%BD%A2%E6%85%8B" title="意識形態">意識形態</a>，不僅強調政治主導權，也重視征服其他國家，使影響力擴張。帝国主义特別著重在一個國家可以掌控另一個國家<sup id="cite_ref-Howe,_Stephen_2002_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howe,_Stephen_2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。帝国主义也有分為「正式」及「非正式」的，正式的帝国主义是指實體控制或是完全的殖民統治<sup id="cite_ref-Howe,_Stephen_2002_8-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howe,_Stephen_2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。非正式的帝国主义不會如此直接，但仍然是有力的控制方式<sup id="cite_ref-Howe,_Stephen_2002_8-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Howe,_Stephen_2002-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>美國社會學家<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="劉易斯·塞繆爾·福耶爾" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lewis Samuel Feuer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8A%89%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E5%A1%9E%E7%B9%86%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E7%A6%8F%E8%80%B6%E7%88%BE&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="劉易斯·塞繆爾·福耶爾（页面不存在）">劉易斯·塞繆爾·福耶爾</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lewis_Samuel_Feuer" class="extiw" title="en:Lewis Samuel Feuer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lewis Samuel Feuer</span></a></span>）</span></span>將帝国主义分為二類：一種是「回歸式帝國主義」（regressive imperialism），其中只有征服、剝削、減少或消滅不想要的族群，讓想要的族群移居到國家以內，<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">納粹德國</a>即為這類的例子。<sup id="cite_ref-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>另一種是「漸進式帝國主義」（progressive imperialism），是以<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="世界主義">世界主義</a>為基礎，希望可以提昇所謂的「落後社會」，淘汰所征服領土中的生活水準及文化，使其中的人民融入帝國社會中，像<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="羅馬帝國">羅馬帝國</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">大英帝國</a>即為這類的帝國<sup id="cite_ref-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="詞源"><span id=".E8.A9.9E.E6.BA.90"></span>詞源</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：詞源"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>帝國主義這個詞起源於拉丁詞「imperium」，<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>這意味著「至高無上的權力」，「主權」，或「統治」。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>它在1870年代首次在英國變得流行，當時它帶有負面的含義。<sup id="cite_ref-Magnusson_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magnusson-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>此前，該術語曾被用來描述<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%BF%E7%A0%B4%E4%BB%91%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96" title="拿破仑三世">拿破崙三世</a>試圖通過外國軍事干預獲得政治支持的行為。<sup id="cite_ref-Magnusson2_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Magnusson2-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>該術語過去和現在主要適用於在19世紀和20世紀，西方和日本在世界上的政治和經濟主導地位，特別是在亞洲和非洲。其確切含義繼續受到學者們的廣泛爭論。<sup id="cite_ref-Edward_Said_1994._P._92_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edward_Said_1994._P._92-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="历史"><span id=".E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>历史</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：历史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>历史上的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马帝国">罗马帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="阿拉伯帝國">阿拉伯帝國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="土耳其帝国">土耳其帝國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古帝国">蒙古帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="波斯帝国">波斯帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">英国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-disambig" title="法兰西帝国">法兰西帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%AD%B7%E5%B1%B1%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="亞歷山大帝國">亞歷山大帝國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>等及二战中的<a href="/wiki/%E8%BD%B4%E5%BF%83%E5%9B%BD" title="轴心国">轴心国</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="纳粹德国">纳粹德国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9%E7%8E%8B%E5%9C%8B_(1861%E5%B9%B4%EF%BC%8D1946%E5%B9%B4)" class="mw-redirect" title="義大利王國 (1861年－1946年)">意大利王国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大日本帝国">大日本帝国</a>等，都有以武力扩张领土，掠夺被占领土国家的资源，奴役当地人民，在此基础之上直接强权统治当地人民，或者建立起当地人的傀儡政权按照侵略者的意愿代理行使强权统治从而建立起本地人在武力胁迫下的政治经济霸权的行为，因此也可以叫做“帝国主义国家”。但“帝国主义”一词，是近代欧洲开始殖民征服世界后才正式出现。 </p><p>帝国主义的形态不局限于对领土的占领和直接的政治统治，有着更为广泛的涵义。帝国主义的本质在于强者对弱者的赤裸裸的剥削而非其采用的手段，如：以技术或者经济优势建立起技术和经济话语权也可被认为是帝国主义的可能形态之一。 </p><p>历史上，大国的帝国主义更为引人关注，但是帝国主义并非强国的专利，小国往往也会有着惊人的帝国主义梦想。1978年12月，<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E8%B6%8A%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="柬越戰爭">越南进攻柬埔寨</a>就是其“<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%AF%E9%82%A3%E8%81%94%E9%82%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="印度支那联邦">印度支那联邦</a>”战略的一个具体体现<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="孫中山的帝國主義論"><span id=".E5.AD.AB.E4.B8.AD.E5.B1.B1.E7.9A.84.E5.B8.9D.E5.9C.8B.E4.B8.BB.E7.BE.A9.E8.AB.96"></span>孫中山的帝國主義論</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：孫中山的帝國主義論"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style 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screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output div:not(.notheme)>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output p>.tmp-color,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output table:not(.notheme) .tmp-color{color:inherit!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="width: 18em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#0d2393; padding-top:2px; padding-bottom:2px; font-size:175%; font-weight:medium; color:white;"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="三民主義"><span class="tmp-color" style="color:white">三民主義</span></a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding: 0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg/200px-Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg/300px-Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/06/Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg/400px-Sun_Yat-sen_1924_Guangzhou.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1236" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="font-size:1em; background:#00417D; color:white; padding:0 0.4em 0; text-align:left;">基本概念</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9#哲学体系" title="三民主義">哲學思想</a></b><br />知難行易<span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> 物心合一 <p><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9#民族主義" title="三民主義">民族主義</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%BB%9F%E4%B8%80" title="中国统一">中国统一</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="大亞洲主義">大亞洲主義</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a class="mw-selflink selflink">帝国主义</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F" title="中华民族">中华民族</a> </p><p><b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="三民主義">民權主義</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%8A%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95#與中華民國憲法" title="五權憲法">五權分立</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%8A%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="五權憲法">五權憲法</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E6%B0%91%E6%AC%8A" title="革命民權">革命民權</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E6%AC%8A%E5%9C%A8%E6%B0%91" class="mw-redirect" title="主權在民">主權在民</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%A2%E5%85%8D" title="罢免">罢免</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%89%B5%E5%88%B6" title="創制">創制</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%A4%87%E6%B1%BA" title="複決">複決</a> </p> <b><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="三民主義">民生主義</a></b><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E6%9C%89%E4%BC%81%E4%B8%9A" title="国有企业">國營事業</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E6%A5%AD%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="實業計畫">實業計畫</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%80%95%E8%80%85%E6%9C%89%E5%85%B6%E7%94%B0" title="耕者有其田">耕者有其田</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%B3%E5%9D%87%E5%9C%B0%E6%AC%8A" title="平均地權">平均地權</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AC%E5%91%8A%E5%9C%B0%E5%83%B9" title="公告地價">漲價歸公</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E5%9C%B0%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="土地改革">土地改革</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="font-size:1em; background:#00417D; color:white; padding:0 0.4em 0; text-align:left;">特征</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%BB%A8" title="中國國民黨">中國國民黨</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E6%86%B2%E6%B3%95" title="中華民國憲法">中華民國憲法</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="國民革命">國民革命</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E8%BB%8D" title="國民革命軍">國民革命軍</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="國民政府">國民政府</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E5%A4%A7%E6%9C%83" title="國民大會">國民大會</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E9%99%B8%E8%BB%8D%E8%BB%8D%E5%AE%98%E5%AD%B8%E6%A0%A1" title="中華民國陸軍軍官學校">黃埔軍校</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%8A%A5" title="民报">民报</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="font-size:1em; background:#00417D; color:white; padding:0 0.4em 0; text-align:left;">歷史</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E8%92%99%E9%9B%A3%E8%A8%98" title="倫敦蒙難記">倫敦蒙難記</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B4%E4%B8%AD%E4%BC%9A" title="兴中会">兴中会</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F%E4%BC%9A" title="中国同盟会">中国同盟会</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%9B%E4%BA%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="辛亥革命">辛亥革命</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B%E8%87%A8%E6%99%82%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C_(1912%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941913%E5%B9%B4)" title="中華民國臨時政府 (1912年—1913年)">中華民國臨時政府</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="二次革命">二次革命</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%80%E5%85%AD%E4%BA%8B%E5%8F%98" title="六一六事变">六一六事变</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E8%BB%8D%E5%8C%97%E4%BC%90" title="國民革命軍北伐">國民革命軍北伐</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%AF%E4%BF%84%E5%AE%B9%E5%85%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="聯俄容共">聯俄容共</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="font-size:1em; background:#00417D; color:white; padding:0 0.4em 0; text-align:left;">著作</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%BA%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%B9%E7%95%A5" title="建國方略">建國方略</a><br />(<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E6%96%87%E5%AD%B8%E8%AA%AA" title="孫文學說">孫文學說</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%A6%E6%A5%AD%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="實業計畫">實業計畫</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%AC%8A%E5%88%9D%E6%AD%A5" title="民權初步">民權初步</a>)<br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E6%B0%91%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%BB%BA%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E7%B6%B1" title="國民政府建國大綱">國民政府建國大綱</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="三民主義">三民主義十六講</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="font-size:1em; background:#00417D; color:white; padding:0 0.4em 0; text-align:left;">人物</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1" title="孫中山">孫中山</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%8B%E6%95%99%E4%BB%81" title="宋教仁">宋教仁</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E5%85%B4" title="黄兴">黄兴</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%92%E5%AE%B9" title="鄒容">鄒容</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E4%B8%AD%E6%AD%A3" title="蔣中正">蔣中正</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E6%BC%A2%E6%B0%91" title="胡漢民">胡漢民</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%AD%A3%E9%99%B6" title="戴季陶">戴季陶</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B3%E7%AB%8B%E5%A4%AB" title="陳立夫">陳立夫</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%8B%E5%AF%B5%E6%83%A0" title="王寵惠">王寵惠</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%B1%E6%89%A7%E4%BF%A1" title="朱执信">朱执信</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%AA%E7%B2%BE%E5%8D%AB" title="汪精卫">汪兆銘</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%82%B5%E5%85%83%E6%B2%96" title="邵元沖">邵元沖</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%B3%E7%A8%9A%E6%9A%89" title="吳稚暉">吳稚暉</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8E%E5%8F%B3%E4%BB%BB" title="于右任">于右任</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BB%96%E4%BB%B2%E6%81%BA" title="廖仲恺">廖仲恺</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E5%BC%B5%E7%9F%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="張知本">張知本</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E9%84%92%E9%AD%AF" title="鄒魯">鄒魯</a><span style="white-space:nowrap; font-weight:bold;"> ·</span> <a href="/wiki/%E8%94%A3%E7%B6%93%E5%9C%8B" title="蔣經國">蔣經國</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="font-size:1em; background:#00417D; color:white; padding:0 0.4em 0; text-align:left;">相關条目</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content"><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="民族主義">民族主義</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会主义">社会主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%80%BB%E7%90%86%E9%81%97%E5%98%B1" title="总理遗嘱">总理遗嘱</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E7%88%B6%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" title="國父思想">國父思想 (課程)</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B4%E5%AD%A3%E9%99%B6%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="戴季陶主义">戴季陶主义</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E8%92%8B%E4%BB%8B%E7%9F%B3%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="蒋介石主义">蔣介石主義</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E9%9D%92%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%98" title="三民主義青年團">三民主義青年團</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%BE%A9%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E5%A7%94%E5%93%A1%E6%9C%83" title="光復大陸設計研究委員會">光復大陸設計研究委員會</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%85%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反共主義">反共主義</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E5%A4%A7%E5%90%8C%E7%9B%9F" title="三民主義統一中國大同盟">三民主義統一中國大同盟</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="三民主義統一中國">三民主義統一中國</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%A7%80%E9%BB%9E%E8%88%87%E8%A9%95%E5%83%B9" title="對三民主義觀點與評價">對三民主義觀點與評價</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E6%89%B9%E8%A9%95" title="對三民主義的批評">對三民主義的批評</a><br /><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="新三民主義">新三民主義</a></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below"> <span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/15px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/23px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg/30px-National_Emblem_of_the_Republic_of_China.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="600" data-file-height="600" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="Portal:中華民國">中華民國主题</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="Template:三民主義"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Template_talk:%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Template talk:三民主義（页面不存在）"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:三民主義"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1" title="孫中山">孫中山</a>對於帝國主義的論述，起先於<a href="/wiki/%E8%88%88%E4%B8%AD%E6%9C%83" class="mw-redirect" title="興中會">興中會</a>時期，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B8%85%E6%9C%9D" title="清朝">清朝</a>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E9%97%9C%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" class="mw-redirect" title="馬關條約">馬關條約</a>後，認為统治階層無能及列强的威迫令<a href="/wiki/%E7%93%9C%E5%88%86%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B" title="瓜分中國">中國陷入飽受列強瓜分</a>的困境<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1" title="孫中山">孫中山</a>所領導的革命黨人，認為令中國積弱慘受列強欺侮的根源在清朝，極力游说列強不要瓜分中國與支持<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E9%BB%A8" title="中華革命黨">革命黨</a>推翻清朝，至1912年建立<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8F%AF%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%8B" title="中華民國">中華民國</a><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>於1924年，在對於三民主義的演講上<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，對於帝國主義提出較為具體的論述： </p> <ol><li>帝國主義是以政治力對於其他民族的征服 <ol><li>政治力的形式為「武力」與「外交」。</li> <li>在西方勢力未進入東亞以前，漢為東亞唯一帝國主義國家，例如漢代張騫與班固。而漢代中國形式，相比於西方武力是「霸道」，轉以「平天下」的「王道」模式。</li></ol></li> <li>20世紀經濟力輔導帝國主義實踐 <ol><li>以原先政治力為基礎，透過「經濟力」進行隱侵略。</li> <li>在中國，透過簽訂不平等條約，列強取得關稅與銀行優勢，對中國進行經濟力侵略，使得中國處於「次殖民地」地位。</li></ol></li> <li>新中國的外交政策為「濟弱扶傾」 <ol><li>中國強盛後，不應當學列強專事帝國主義模仿他國，而是要輔助弱小民族，抵抗世界列強。</li></ol></li></ol> <p>前述要點，<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E4%B8%AD%E5%B1%B1" title="孫中山">孫中山</a>在1924年在<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E6%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="神戶">神戶</a>的「大亞洲主義」<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>的演講中，做出了極為深刻總結。指出西方挾船堅炮利侵略是功利強權的「霸道」文化，東方中國是感化懷德的「王道」文化。中日為亞洲最大民族，應當對於世界有所責任，武裝是用於自衛的，聯合亞洲所有民族抵制西方侵略。而孫中山的國事遺囑也再次強調「...必須喚起民眾及聯合世界上以平等待我之民族，共同奮鬥<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。」 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="環境決定論"><span id=".E7.92.B0.E5.A2.83.E6.B1.BA.E5.AE.9A.E8.AB.96"></span>環境決定論</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：環境決定論"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E6%B1%BA%E5%AE%9A%E8%AB%96" title="環境決定論">環境決定論</a>曾成為一些國家統治其他地區及人民的道德理由。此論點認為一個地區人民的行為是由其地區的環境及氣候所決定，因此產生了統治這些地區的有效性。例如認為住在熱帶地區的人「較不文明」，因此殖民是正當的，帶有<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E6%98%8E%E4%BD%BF%E5%91%BD" title="文明使命">文明使命</a>。在<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="歐洲殖民主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="European colonialism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="歐洲殖民主義（页面不存在）">歐洲殖民主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/European_colonialism" class="extiw" title="en:European colonialism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">European colonialism</span></a></span>）</span></span>在美洲、亞洲、非洲三波殖民主義時，即用此方式將當地人民分類。 </p><p>若將全世界依氣候分類，環境決定論認為北美及大西洋中部的氣候會造成較勤勞、道德和正直的人，而地中海氣候會造成較懶散、性濫交的文化，在道德上也比較低落，非洲撒哈拉沙漠以南的氣候則會造成較孩子氣的個性。因此歐洲人的入侵是要來幫助這些地區的人，因為他們無法面對他們本身的挑戰<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="歷史上的帝国主义"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2.E4.B8.8A.E7.9A.84.E5.B8.9D.E5.9B.BD.E4.B8.BB.E4.B9.89"></span>歷史上的帝国主义</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：歷史上的帝国主义"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Siege_of_Belgrade_(N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r)_1456.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Siege_of_Belgrade_%28N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r%29_1456.jpg/160px-Siege_of_Belgrade_%28N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r%29_1456.jpg" decoding="async" width="160" height="281" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Siege_of_Belgrade_%28N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r%29_1456.jpg/240px-Siege_of_Belgrade_%28N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r%29_1456.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/54/Siege_of_Belgrade_%28N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r%29_1456.jpg/320px-Siege_of_Belgrade_%28N%C3%A1ndorfeh%C3%A9rv%C3%A1r%29_1456.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1791" data-file-height="3147" /></a><figcaption>歐洲的奧斯曼帝國戰爭</figcaption></figure> <p>曾被认为是实施帝国主义的有：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9A%E8%BF%B0" title="亚述">亚述</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%88%E5%A5%B4" title="匈奴">匈奴</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E9%A9%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="罗马帝国">罗马帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98" class="mw-redirect" title="古希臘">古希臘</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%AA%81%E5%8E%A5%E6%B1%97%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="突厥汗國">突厥汗國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%8B%9C%E5%8D%A0%E5%BA%AD%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="拜占庭帝国">拜占庭帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E6%AD%B7%E5%8F%B2" title="伊朗歷史">波斯帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%96%AF%E6%9B%BC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥斯曼帝国">奥斯曼帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A" title="古埃及">古埃及</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大英帝国">大英帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD" title="法国">法国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9B%BD" title="德国">德国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="蒙古帝国">蒙古</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9" title="意大利">意大利</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E5%8C%88%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="奥匈帝国">奥匈帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="俄罗斯帝国">俄罗斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6" title="印度">印度</a>等。像蒙古的<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%90%E5%90%89%E6%80%9D%E6%B1%97" title="成吉思汗">成吉思汗</a>統治各國時，帝国主义即為其中基本的元素。歷史上已知的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆斯林帝國及朝代列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of Muslim empires and dynasties"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E6%96%AF%E6%9E%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%8A%E6%9C%9D%E4%BB%A3%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆斯林帝國及朝代列表（页面不存在）">穆斯林帝國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Muslim_empires_and_dynasties" class="extiw" title="en:List of Muslim empires and dynasties"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of Muslim empires and dynasties</span></a></span>）</span></span>即有數十個，<a href="/wiki/%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%A5%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="撒哈拉以南非洲">撒哈拉以南非洲</a>在歐洲殖民之前，也有許多帝国，像<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="埃塞俄比亚帝国">埃塞俄比亚帝国</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E7%B4%84%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="奧約帝國">奧約帝國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%95%A3%E8%92%82%E7%8E%8B%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="阿散蒂王国">阿散蒂王国</a>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卢巴帝国" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Luba Empire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A2%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卢巴帝国（页面不存在）">卢巴帝国</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Luba_Empire" class="extiw" title="en:Luba Empire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Luba Empire</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="倫達帝國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Lunda Empire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%80%AB%E9%81%94%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="倫達帝國（页面不存在）">倫達帝國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lunda_Empire" class="extiw" title="en:Lunda Empire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Lunda Empire</span></a></span>）</span></span>及<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="穆塔帕帝國" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Mutapa Empire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%86%E5%A1%94%E5%B8%95%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="穆塔帕帝國（页面不存在）">穆塔帕帝國</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mutapa_Empire" class="extiw" title="en:Mutapa Empire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Mutapa Empire</span></a></span>）</span></span>。哥倫布前的美洲也有像<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E8%8C%B2%E7%89%B9%E5%85%8B" title="阿茲特克">阿茲特克</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%8A%A0%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="印加帝國">印加帝國</a>之類的大帝国。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="文化帝國主義">文化帝國主義</a>是指若一個國家在其社會制度及文化上有其影響力（即<a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%9F%E5%AF%A6%E5%8A%9B" class="mw-redirect" title="軟實力">軟實力</a>），因此用其影響力而改變另一個國家在道德、文化及社會上的價值觀。文化帝國主義不只是外國<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A8%82" class="mw-redirect" title="音樂">音樂</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%A6%96%E5%8A%87" class="mw-redirect" title="電視劇">電視劇</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%BD%B1" class="mw-redirect" title="電影">電影</a>等會在年輕人中風行的娛樂而已，而是整體的流行文化，使人們對生活的期待及對自己國家的渴望越來越接近流行文化中描繪的外國。例如在冷戰時期，Dallas影集中描繪的美國生活就改變了羅馬尼亞人對生活的期待。更近的是<a href="/wiki/%E9%9F%93%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="韓國">韓國</a>影片在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="朝鲜民主主义人民共和国">朝鮮</a>的風行。軟實力在專制政權中仍有其影響力，因此專制政權會禁止外來流行文化的影響、管制網路及衛星天線。文化帝國主義也不是近代的產物，罗马帝国也會特意向當地的精英階級表示罗马文化及生活方式的好處及奢華，目的是讓他們比較願意支持罗马帝国。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="其他國家的帝國主義"><span id=".E5.85.B6.E4.BB.96.E5.9C.8B.E5.AE.B6.E7.9A.84.E5.B8.9D.E5.9C.8B.E4.B8.BB.E7.BE.A9"></span>其他國家的帝國主義</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：其他國家的帝國主義"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="英國"><span id=".E8.8B.B1.E5.9C.8B"></span>英國</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=12" title="编辑章节：英國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="大英帝國">大英帝國</a></div> <p>英國的帝國主義在十五世紀時已經開始，在1599年成立了英屬東印度公司，第二年伊莉莎白女王給予特許權<sup id="cite_ref-Painter,_J._2009_pg._174_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Painter,_J._2009_pg._174-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。英屬東印度公司建立印度的貿易據點，貿易實力和之前已在印度設置貿易據點的葡萄牙相當<sup id="cite_ref-Painter,_J._2009_pg._174_23-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Painter,_J._2009_pg._174-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1767年的政治活動造成對<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" class="mw-disambig" title="東印度公司">東印度公司</a>的剝削，也影響了當地的經濟，甚至幾乎讓英屬東印度公司破產<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>1670年英國也在<a href="/wiki/%E6%B4%AA%E9%83%BD%E6%8B%89%E6%96%AF" title="洪都拉斯">洪都拉斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%A1%E5%B3%B6" title="安地卡島">安地卡島</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%A4%9A%E6%96%AF" title="巴巴多斯">巴巴多斯</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%99%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%A0" title="牙买加">牙买加</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%96%AF%E7%A7%91%E8%88%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="新斯科舍">新斯科舍</a>等地建立了殖民地<sup id="cite_ref-ReferenceC_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ReferenceC-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>由於歐陸國家帝国主义的野心，英國及法國有數次的衝突，像兩國在<a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%BF%E5%A4%A7" title="加拿大">加拿大</a>的殖民即為一例。<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%94%E7%93%A6%E5%B0%BC%C2%B7%E5%8D%A1%E5%8D%9A%E6%89%98" title="乔瓦尼·卡博托">乔瓦尼·卡博托</a>以英國為名，命名為<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E8%8A%AC%E8%98%AD%E5%B3%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="紐芬蘭島">紐芬蘭島</a>，而法國在<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E5%8A%B3%E4%BC%A6%E6%96%AF%E6%B2%B3" title="圣劳伦斯河">圣劳伦斯河</a>河畔建立殖民地，稱為「新法蘭西」<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>英國也在<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%90%E8%A5%BF%E8%98%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="紐西蘭">紐西蘭</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%BE%B3%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="澳洲">澳洲</a>建立殖民地，當時這些地區已有原住民，有自身的土地及文化<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。英國建立了這些<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B%E5%8D%94" class="mw-redirect" title="大英國協">大英國協</a>的國家，其中有共通的國家認同<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>在十九世紀末，在<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%B8%83%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第二次布尔战争">第二次波爾戰爭</a>爆發前夕，英國國內曾經出現了一群被稱為<a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E8%80%85" title="自由帝國主義者">自由帝國主義者</a>的主戰派人士<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="法國"><span id=".E6.B3.95.E5.9C.8B"></span>法國</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：法國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="法蘭西殖民帝國">法蘭西殖民帝國</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg/220px-LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="331" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg/330px-LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg/440px-LaGuerreAMadagascar.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5300" data-file-height="7976" /></a><figcaption>法国-马达加斯加战争的法國海報</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="法蘭西殖民帝國">法蘭西殖民帝國</a>是法國的第一個殖民帝國，在1814年失去了許多的殖民地，殖民帝國結束。第二個殖民帝國在1830年攻占<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%8A%E7%88%BE" title="阿爾及爾">阿爾及爾</a>時成立，在1962年<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="阿爾及利亞">阿爾及利亞</a>開始獨立時結束<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。法國歷史的特點是許多大大小小的戰爭，也是這些戰爭使法國成為殖民國家<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>16世紀起，法國在<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2" title="美洲">美洲</a>建立了<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%B3%95%E8%98%AD%E8%A5%BF" title="新法蘭西">新法蘭西</a>，開始了<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="法國在美洲的殖民" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="French colonization of the Americas"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%95%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%A8%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E7%9A%84%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="法國在美洲的殖民（页面不存在）">法國在美洲的殖民</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/French_colonization_of_the_Americas" class="extiw" title="en:French colonization of the Americas"><span lang="en" dir="auto">French colonization of the Americas</span></a></span>）</span></span>，之後17世紀在<a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%9E%E6%B4%B2" title="非洲">非洲</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2" class="mw-redirect" title="亞洲">亞洲</a>建立了殖民地，亞洲的是由<a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="法国东印度公司">法國東印度公司</a>管理。 </p><p>在19世紀及20世紀時，法國是第二大的殖民帝國，僅次於大英帝国，面積最大是在1920年代及1930年代，為12,347,000 km<sup>2</sup>，面積約佔世界陸地面積的1/10，在二次大戰前，人口有一億一千萬人，約為當時世界人口的5%<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="德國"><span id=".E5.BE.B7.E5.9C.8B"></span>德國</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：德國"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E8%81%96%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="神聖羅馬帝國">神聖羅馬帝國</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德意志帝國</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">納粹德國</a></div> <p>德國的帝国主义始於十九世紀。在拿破崙戰敗後，普魯士參與了<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E6%B4%B2%E5%8D%94%E8%AA%BF" title="歐洲協調">歐洲協調</a>，後來統一了<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A7%E5%9C%B0%E5%88%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="奧地利">奧地利</a>外的日耳曼民族，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E6%B3%95%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="普法戰爭">普法戰爭</a>後成立了<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="德意志帝國">德意志第二帝國</a>。普魯士王國首相<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%A5%E6%89%98%C2%B7%E5%86%AF%C2%B7%E4%BF%BE%E6%96%AF%E9%BA%A6" title="奥托·冯·俾斯麦">奥托·冯·俾斯麦</a>(1862–90)一直反對殖民，認為殖民地的獲得、維持等成本超過可以從殖民地的獲利，而且會讓德國遠離其主要關注的地區，歐陸本身<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>德國民眾希望德國用建立殖民地來提昇名望，俾斯麦因此被迫執行殖民政策<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。由1884年建立<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B1%AC%E6%96%B0%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E" title="德屬新幾內亞">德屬新幾內亞</a>開始<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>，<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="德國殖民地">德國也開始發展自己的殖民地</a>。<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%B1%AC%E6%9D%B1%E9%9D%9E" title="德屬東非">德屬東非</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%B6%E5%B7%9E%E6%B9%BE%E7%A7%9F%E5%80%9F%E5%9C%B0" title="胶州湾租借地">膠州灣租借地</a>也曾是德國的殖民地。 </p><p><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B" title="納粹德國">納粹德國</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E9%BB%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="納粹黨">納粹黨</a>試圖在<a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E9%99%B8" title="歐亞大陸">歐亞大陸</a>建立<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97" title="大德意志">大德意志</a>的計劃失敗，在二次大戰後分為<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%BE%B7" title="東德">東德</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E5%BE%B7" title="西德">西德</a>兩國，在<a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%8D%E7%89%86" title="柏林圍牆">柏林圍牆</a>倒下後才<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%BE%B7%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80" title="兩德統一">重獲統一</a>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="日本"><span id=".E6.97.A5.E6.9C.AC"></span>日本</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=15" title="编辑章节：日本"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%9F%E6%88%B7%E5%B9%95%E5%BA%9C" title="江户幕府">江户幕府</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="大日本帝国">大日本帝国</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0" title="日本殖民地">日本殖民地</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC" title="日本">日本</a>近代帝国主义的发展分为三个阶段：第一阶段是孕育形成阶段，从明治政府成立起到西南战争结束的1877年。在这期间，日本确立和巩固了以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E7%9A%87" title="天皇">天皇</a>为中心的中央集权政府，建立起帝国主义的经济基础，建立了帝国主义的武装和警察、监狱，并开始对外实行侵略扩张。 </p><p>第二阶段是近代日本帝国主义体制完全确立阶段，以陆军卿山县有朋发布《军人训诫》和《参谋本部条例》的1878年至日本发动甲午战争的1894年。这一时期，日本在政治、军事、经济、文化思想各领域均确立起帝国主义体制。 </p><p>第三阶段是发展与演变阶段，从1895年在<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B2%E5%8D%88%E6%B5%B7%E6%88%98" class="mw-redirect" title="甲午海战">甲午海战</a>中击败大清国至1945年在<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="太平洋战争">太平洋战争</a>中被盟军击败。日本近代帝国主义确立后，几乎是每5年就对外用兵一次，而在1936年军政府上台后，则是近代日本帝国主义的极端表现形式。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="中国"><span id=".E4.B8.AD.E5.9B.BD"></span>中国</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=16" title="编辑章节：中国"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="excerpt-block"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r64625722">.mw-parser-output .excerpt .selflink{font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .excerpt-indicator{border-left:3px solid #c8ccd1;margin:1em 0;padding-left:1em}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable dablink selfref">此段落的内容摘自：<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="中国帝国主义">中国帝国主义</a><span class="mw-editsection-like plainlinks"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a class="external text" href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit">编辑</a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div><div class="excerpt"><p> <a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="中国帝国主义">中国帝国主义</a>、中华帝国主义等词被用于描述中国政治、经济、文化和影响力向中国境外扩张的情况。这个词可能具体指代扩张过程中的<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中國擴張主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Chinese expansionism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%93%B4%E5%BC%B5%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中國擴張主義（页面不存在）">扩张主义思想</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chinese_expansionism" class="extiw" title="en:Chinese expansionism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Chinese expansionism</span></a></span>）</span></span>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%B0%E7%8B%BC%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="戰狼外交">戰狼外交</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%9D%83%E5%A8%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="新权威主义">新权威主义</a><sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。一些人认为如今的<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%8E%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="中华人民共和国">中华人民共和国</a>是一个帝国主义国家，比如菲律宾共产主义、反政府武装<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E8%BB%8D" title="新人民軍">新人民軍</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E6%9C%AC%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E9%BB%A8" title="日本共產黨">日本共產黨</a>、一些毛派组织及新左派（特别是一些<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%96%B0%E5%B7%A6%E7%BF%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="中國新左翼">中國新左翼</a>）<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。中国在非洲的建设亦有时被指责为“<a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="新殖民主义">新殖民主义</a>”<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。</p></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考资料"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E8.B5.84.E6.96.99"></span>参考资料</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=17" title="编辑章节：参考资料"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-2" style="-moz-column-count: 2; -webkit-column-count: 2; column-count: 2; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Zhongguo she hui ke xue yuan. Yu yan yan jiu suo. Ci dian bian ji shi; 中国社会科学院. 语言硏究所. 词典编辑室. Xian dai Han yu ci dian = Xiandai hanyu cidian. Di 7 ban. Beijing <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/967310841">https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/967310841</a>. 2016. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-7-100-12450-8" title="Special:网络书源/978-7-100-12450-8"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-7-100-12450-8</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/oclc/967310841"><span title="OCLC">OCLC 967310841</span></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=Xian+dai+Han+yu+ci+dian+%3D+Xiandai+hanyu+cidian&rft.au=%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E9%99%A2.+%E8%AF%AD%E8%A8%80%E7%A1%8F%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80.+%E8%AF%8D%E5%85%B8%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E5%AE%A4.&rft.au=Zhongguo+she+hui+ke+xue+yuan.+Yu+yan+yan+jiu+suo.+Ci+dian+bian+ji+shi&rft.date=2016&rft.edition=Di+7+ban&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-7-100-12450-8&rft.place=Beijing&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.worldcat.org%2Foclc%2F967310841&rft_id=info%3Aoclcnum%2F967310841&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span> <span style="font-size:100%" class="error citation-comment">缺少或<code style="color:inherit; border:inherit; padding:inherit;">|title=</code>为空 (<a href="/wiki/Help:%E5%BC%95%E6%96%87%E6%A0%BC%E5%BC%8F1%E9%94%99%E8%AF%AF#citation_missing_title" title="Help:引文格式1错误">帮助</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.marxists.org/chinese/big5/marxists/lenin/19160001.htm#n09">帝國主義是資本主義的最高階段-帝國主義是資本主義的特殊階段</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-08-23</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180717165045/https://www.marxists.org/chinese/big5/marxists/lenin/19160001.htm#n09">存档</a>于2018-07-17）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%98%AF%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E6%9C%80%E9%AB%98%E9%9A%8E%E6%AE%B5-%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%98%AF%E8%B3%87%E6%9C%AC%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%9A%8E%E6%AE%B5&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.marxists.org%2Fchinese%2Fbig5%2Fmarxists%2Flenin%2F19160001.htm%23n09&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200320005042/https://www.dictionary.com/browse/imperialism">imperialism</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">22 February</span> 2019]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/browse/imperialism">原始内容</a>存档于2020-03-20）. <q>[...] the policy of extending the rule or authority of an empire or nation over foreign countries, or of acquiring and holding colonies and dependencies [...]</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=imperialism&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dictionary.com%2Fbrowse%2Fimperialism&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191107043908/https://www.britannica.com/topic/imperialism">imperialism | Definition, History, Examples, & Facts | Britannica</a>. www.britannica.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-04-29</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/imperialism">原始内容</a>存档于2019-11-07） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=imperialism+%7C+Definition%2C+History%2C+Examples%2C+%26+Facts+%7C+Britannica&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.britannica.com&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Ftopic%2Fimperialism&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-oxforddictionaries.com-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-oxforddictionaries.com_5-0"><sup><b>5.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-oxforddictionaries.com_5-1"><sup><b>5.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Oxford Dictionaries: <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/imperialism">The Dictionary of Human Geography</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20160709161015/http://www.oxforddictionaries.com/definition/english/imperialism">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）<i> (5th ed.). Wiley-Blackwell. p. 373. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9781405132886" class="internal mw-magiclink-isbn">ISBN 978-1-4051-3288-6</a></i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Mary Gallaher, et al. <i>Key concepts in political geography</i> (Sage, 2009).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edward_Said_1994._P._9-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Edward_Said_1994._P._9_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Edward W. Said. Culture and Imperialism. Vintage Publishers, 1994. P. 9.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Howe,_Stephen_2002-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Howe,_Stephen_2002_8-0"><sup><b>8.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Howe,_Stephen_2002_8-1"><sup><b>8.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Howe,_Stephen_2002_8-2"><sup><b>8.2</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Howe, Stephen. Empire: A Very Short Introduction. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2002. Print.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4_9-0"><sup><b>9.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Lewis_Samuel_Feuer_1989._P._4_9-1"><sup><b>9.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Lewis Samuel Feuer. Imperialism and the Anti-Imperialist Mind. Transaction Publishers, 1989. P. 4.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210803183811/http://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus:text:1999.04.0060:entry=imperium">Charlton T. Lewis, An Elementary Latin Dictionary, imperium (inp-)</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">11 September</span> 2016]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.perseus.tufts.edu/hopper/text?doc=Perseus%3Atext%3A1999.04.0060%3Aentry%3Dimperium">原始内容</a>存档于2021-08-03）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=Charlton+T.+Lewis%2C+An+Elementary+Latin+Dictionary%2C+imperium+%28inp-%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.perseus.tufts.edu%2Fhopper%2Ftext%3Fdoc%3DPerseus%253Atext%253A1999.04.0060%253Aentry%253Dimperium&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Howe, 13</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Magnusson-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Magnusson_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">Magnusson, Lars. 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Political Geography 2nd ed., Sage. pg. 174</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ReferenceC-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_24-0"><sup><b>24.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ReferenceC_24-1"><sup><b>24.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">"British Empire"British Empire | historical state, United Kingdom | Encyclopædia Britannica Online</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20141008091712/http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/themes/pioneers/pioneers3_e.html">New France (1608 - 1763)</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-08-23</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.canadiana.ca/citm/themes/pioneers/pioneers3_e.html">原始内容</a>存档于2014-10-08）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.btitle=New+France+%281608+-+1763%29&rft.genre=unknown&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.canadiana.ca%2Fcitm%2Fthemes%2Fpioneers%2Fpioneers3_e.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Painter, J. & Jeffrey, A., (2009). 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The Ideas and Politics of a Post-Gladstonian Élite</i> (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1973), p. viii.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Robert Aldrich, <i>Greater France: A History of French Overseas Expansion</i> (1996)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anthony Clayton, <i>The Wars of French Decolonization</i> (1995)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Martin Thomas, <i>The French Empire Between the Wars: Imperialism, Politics and Society</i> (2007) covers 1919–1939</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Thomas Pakenham, ‘’The Scramble for Africa: White Man’s Conquest of the Dark Continent from 1876 to 1912<i> (1992) ch 12</i></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-33"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-33">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hans-Ulrich Wehler, "Bismarck's Imperialism 1862–1890," <i>Past & Present</i>, (1970) 48: 119–55 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://past.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/48/1/119.pdf">online</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-34"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-34">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Hartmut Pogge von Strandmann, "Domestic Origins of Germany's Colonial Expansion under Bismarck" <i>Past & Present</i> (1969) 42:140–159 <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://past.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/reprint/42/1/140.pdf">online</a>; Crankshaw, pp. 395–7</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-35"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-35">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">Kaplan, Robert D. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-trap-empire-authoritarianism-24761">The Trap of Empire and Authoritarianism</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%88%A9%E7%9B%8A_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="國家利益 (雜誌)">The National Interest</a>. 2018-03-05 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-01-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221004015330/https://nationalinterest.org/feature/the-trap-empire-authoritarianism-24761">存档</a>于2022-10-04） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=The+Trap+of+Empire+and+Authoritarianism&rft.aufirst=Robert+D.&rft.aulast=Kaplan&rft.date=2018-03-05&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+National+Interest&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnationalinterest.org%2Ffeature%2Fthe-trap-empire-authoritarianism-24761&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-36"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-36">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%8E%E6%B0%91%E9%AA%90" title="李民骐">Li, Minqi</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://monthlyreview.org/2021/07/01/china-imperialism-or-semi-periphery/">China: Imperialism or Semi-Periphery?</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%8F%E6%9C%88%E8%AF%84%E8%AE%BA" title="每月评论">Monthly Review</a>. 2021-07-01 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-01-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127162525/https://monthlyreview.org/2021/07/01/china-imperialism-or-semi-periphery/">存档</a>于2023-01-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=China%3A+Imperialism+or+Semi-Periphery%3F&rft.aufirst=Minqi&rft.aulast=Li&rft.date=2021-07-01&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Monthly+Review&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmonthlyreview.org%2F2021%2F07%2F01%2Fchina-imperialism-or-semi-periphery%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-37"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-37">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">el-Shafei, Alyaa Wagdy; Metawe, Mohamed. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/REPS-03-2021-0028/full/html">China drive toward Africa between arguments of neo-colonialism and mutual-beneficial relationship: Egypt as a case study</a>. Review of Economics and Political Science. 2021-01-01, <b>7</b> (2): 137–152 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-01-27</span>]</span>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/2631-3561"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 2631-3561</span></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1108%2FREPS-03-2021-0028"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1108/REPS-03-2021-0028</span></a>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127162546/https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/REPS-03-2021-0028/full/html">存档</a>于2023-01-27） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="连接到英语网页">（英语）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=China+drive+toward+Africa+between+arguments+of+neo-colonialism+and+mutual-beneficial+relationship%3A+Egypt+as+a+case+study&rft.au=Metawe%2C+Mohamed&rft.aufirst=Alyaa+Wagdy&rft.aulast=el-Shafei&rft.date=2021-01-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=2631-3561&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Review+of+Economics+and+Political+Science&rft.pages=137-152&rft.volume=7&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.emerald.com%2Finsight%2Fcontent%2Fdoi%2F10.1108%2FREPS-03-2021-0028%2Ffull%2Fhtml&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1108%2FREPS-03-2021-0028&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-38"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-38">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">Etzioni, Amitai. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/is-china-a-new-colonial-power/">Is China a New Colonial Power?</a>. <a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4%E5%AE%B6_(%E9%9B%9C%E8%AA%8C)" title="外交家 (雜誌)">The Diplomat</a>. 2020-11-09 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2023-01-27</span>]</span>. （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230127164024/https://thediplomat.com/2020/11/is-china-a-new-colonial-power/">存档</a>于2023-01-27）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&rft.atitle=Is+China+a+New+Colonial+Power%3F&rft.aufirst=Amitai&rft.aulast=Etzioni&rft.date=2020-11-09&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Diplomat&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fthediplomat.com%2F2020%2F11%2Fis-china-a-new-colonial-power%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參見"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.A6.8B"></span>參見</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=18" title="编辑章节：參見"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79074265">.mw-parser-output .div-col{margin-top:0.3em;column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .div-col-small{font-size:90%}.mw-parser-output .div-col-rules{column-rule:1px solid #aaa}.mw-parser-output .div-col dl,.mw-parser-output .div-col ol,.mw-parser-output .div-col ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .div-col li,.mw-parser-output .div-col dd{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style><div class="div-col" style="column-count:2; column-width:auto;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="反帝國主義">反帝国主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD" title="帝国">帝国</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="帝国列表">帝国列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%80%E5%A4%A7%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="最大帝國列表">最大帝國列表</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="大英帝國史學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Historiography of the British Empire"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A7%E8%8B%B1%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E5%8F%B2%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="大英帝國史學（页面不存在）">大英帝國史學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiography_of_the_British_Empire" class="extiw" title="en:Historiography of the British Empire"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Historiography of the British Empire</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="美國帝國主義">美國帝國主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%83%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B" title="蘇維埃帝國">蘇維埃帝國</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%B8%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" class="mw-redirect" title="霸权主义">霸权主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="列宁主义">列宁主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="殖民主义">殖民主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="新殖民主义">新殖民主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8E%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="后殖民主义">後殖民主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="文化帝國主義">文化帝國主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="新帝国主义">新帝国主义</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Imperialism (遊戲)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Imperialism (video game)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Imperialism_(%E9%81%8A%E6%88%B2)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imperialism (遊戲)（页面不存在）">Imperialism (遊戲)</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Imperialism_(video_game)" class="extiw" title="en:Imperialism (video game)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Imperialism (video game)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1814年至1919年的大國國際關係" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1814%E5%B9%B4%E8%87%B31919%E5%B9%B4%E7%9A%84%E5%A4%A7%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E9%9A%9B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1814年至1919年的大國國際關係（页面不存在）">1814年至1919年的大國國際關係</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/International_relations_of_the_Great_Powers_(1814%E2%80%931919)" class="extiw" title="en:International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">International relations of the Great Powers (1814–1919)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B4%84%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E9%87%91%E6%A3%AE%C2%B7%E9%9C%8D%E5%B8%83%E6%A3%AE" title="約翰·阿金森·霍布森">約翰·阿金森·霍布森</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="石油帝國主義理論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Oil imperialism theories"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="石油帝國主義理論（页面不存在）">石油帝國主義理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oil_imperialism_theories" class="extiw" title="en:Oil imperialism theories"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Oil imperialism theories</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Pluricontinental" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pluricontinental"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pluricontinental&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pluricontinental（页面不存在）">Pluricontinental</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pluricontinental" class="extiw" title="en:Pluricontinental"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pluricontinental</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科學帝國主義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Scientific imperialism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科學帝國主義（页面不存在）">科學帝國主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scientific_imperialism" class="extiw" title="en:Scientific imperialism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Scientific imperialism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Super-imperialism" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Super-imperialism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Super-imperialism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Super-imperialism（页面不存在）">Super-imperialism</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Super-imperialism" class="extiw" title="en:Super-imperialism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Super-imperialism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="Ultra-imperialism" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ultra-imperialism"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ultra-imperialism&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Ultra-imperialism（页面不存在）">Ultra-imperialism</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ultra-imperialism" class="extiw" title="en:Ultra-imperialism"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ultra-imperialism</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="不平衡的聯合開發" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Uneven and combined development"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%8D%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1%E7%9A%84%E8%81%AF%E5%90%88%E9%96%8B%E7%99%BC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="不平衡的聯合開發（页面不存在）">不平衡的聯合開發</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uneven_and_combined_development" class="extiw" title="en:Uneven and combined development"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Uneven and combined development</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由貿易帝國主義" data-lang-code="ja" data-lang-name="日语" data-foreign-title="自由貿易帝国主義"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E5%B8%9D%E5%9C%8B%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由貿易帝國主義（页面不存在）">自由貿易帝國主義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">日语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E8%B2%BF%E6%98%93%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" class="extiw" title="ja:自由貿易帝国主義"><span lang="ja" dir="auto">自由貿易帝国主義</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="外部連結"><span id=".E5.A4.96.E9.83.A8.E9.80.A3.E7.B5.90"></span>外部連結</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%9D%E5%9B%BD%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89&action=edit&section=19" title="编辑章节：外部連結"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%97%E6%9B%B8%E6%8F%9A" title="林書揚">林書揚</a>，<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.xiachao.org.tw/?act=page&repno=78">《帝國主義簡論》</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20210708054327/http://www.xiachao.org.tw/?act=page&repno=78">页面存档备份</a>，存于<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互联网档案馆">互联网档案馆</a>）</li></ul> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84261037">.mw-parser-output .navbox{box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #a2a9b1;width:100%;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px;margin:1em auto 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbox{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox+.navbox-styles+.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-inner,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list-with-group{text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid}.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-group,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-image,.mw-parser-output tr+tr>.navbox-list{border-top:2px solid #fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title{background-color:#ccf;position:relative}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background-color:#ddf}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background-color:#e6e6ff}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background-color:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox .hlist td ul,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .navbox td.hlist ul{padding:0.125em 0}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em;width:auto;padding-left:0.2em;position:absolute;left:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox .mw-collapsible-toggle{margin-left:0.5em;position:absolute;right:1em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="冷战" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style="background:#b0c4de;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="Template:冷战"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="Template talk:冷战"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:冷战"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="冷战" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="冷战">冷战</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2" style="background:#dcdcdc;"><div> <ul><li><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美国">美国</a></b></li> <li><b><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border notpageimage" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/22px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/33px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg/44px-Flag_of_the_Soviet_Union.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94" title="苏联">苏联</a></b></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="北大西洋公约组织">北大西洋公约组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B2%99%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="华沙条约组织">华沙条约组织</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%AA%E5%B9%B3%E6%B4%8B%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E4%BF%9D%E9%9A%9C%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84" title="太平洋安全保障條約">太平洋安全保障條約</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="東南亞條約組織">東南亞條約組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="中部公約組織">中部公約組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%BB%93%E7%9B%9F%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="不结盟运动">不结盟运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="第二次冷战">第二次冷战</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">1940年代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%91%A9%E6%A0%B9%E7%B4%A2%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="摩根索計劃">摩根索計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%99%8E%E5%85%8B%E8%BB%8D%E5%8F%8D%E5%8F%9B" title="虎克軍反叛">虎克軍反叛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="牙买加政治冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jamaican political conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%99%E4%B9%B0%E5%8A%A0%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="牙买加政治冲突（页面不存在）">牙买加政治冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jamaican_political_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Jamaican political conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jamaican political conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E5%8D%81%E4%BA%8C%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="希臘十二月事件">希腊十二月冲突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E8%8B%8F%E7%99%BE%E5%88%86%E6%AF%94%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="英苏百分比协定">英苏百分比协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%85%E5%B0%94%E5%A1%94%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="雅尔塔会议">雅尔塔会议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E4%B8%89%E5%9C%8B%E9%81%8A%E6%93%8A%E6%88%B0" title="波羅的海三國遊擊戰">波羅的海三國遊擊戰</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A3%AE%E6%9E%97%E5%85%84%E5%BC%9F" title="森林兄弟">森林兄弟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B2%E6%B5%AA%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="冲浪行动">冲浪行动</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="丛林行动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Operation Jungle"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%9B%E6%9E%97%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="丛林行动（页面不存在）">丛林行动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Jungle" class="extiw" title="en:Operation Jungle"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Operation Jungle</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%94%E9%A0%98%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6" title="佔領波羅的海國家">蘇聯佔領波羅的海三國</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A2%AB%E8%AF%85%E5%92%92%E7%9A%84%E5%A3%AB%E5%85%B5" title="被诅咒的士兵">被诅咒的士兵</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E5%8F%AF%E6%80%9D%E8%AE%AE%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="不可思议行动">不可思议行动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%A1%E8%90%BD%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="没落行动">没落行动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%8C%A8%E5%9D%A6%E4%BC%9A%E8%AE%AE" title="波茨坦会议">波茨坦会议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%A0%BC%E5%B0%94%C2%B7%E5%8F%A4%E7%90%B4%E7%A7%91" title="伊格尔·古琴科">古琴科事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E5%88%86%E6%B2%BB" title="朝鲜半岛南北分治">朝鮮半島分裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD_(1945%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941946%E5%B9%B4)" title="越南戰爭 (1945年—1946年)">支配行动</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="围困行动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Operation Beleaguer"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%B4%E5%9B%B0%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="围困行动（页面不存在）">围困行动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Beleaguer" class="extiw" title="en:Operation Beleaguer"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Operation Beleaguer</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="四十黑名单行动" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Operation Blacklist Forty"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9B%9B%E5%8D%81%E9%BB%91%E5%90%8D%E5%8D%95%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="四十黑名单行动（页面不存在）">四十黑名单行动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Operation_Blacklist_Forty" class="extiw" title="en:Operation Blacklist Forty"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Operation Blacklist Forty</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="伊朗危机">伊朗危机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="希腊内战">希腊内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E9%AD%AF%E5%85%8B%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="巴魯克計畫">巴魯克計畫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%9A%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%BD%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="科孚海峽事件">科孚海峽事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%BD%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="土耳其海峽危機">土耳其海峽危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%8D%E5%BE%B7%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96%E7%9A%84%E9%87%8D%E8%BF%B0" title="對德政策的重述">對德政策的重述</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E6%94%AF%E9%82%A3%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="第一次印度支那戰爭">第一次印度支那戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%9C%E9%B2%81%E9%97%A8%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="杜鲁门主义">杜鲁门主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%9E%E6%B4%B2%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="亞洲關係會議">亞洲關係會議</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1947年5月危机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="May 1947 crises"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1947%E5%B9%B45%E6%9C%88%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1947年5月危机（页面不存在）">1947年5月危机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/May_1947_crises" class="extiw" title="en:May 1947 crises"><span lang="en" dir="auto">May 1947 crises</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%AD%87%E5%B0%94%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="马歇尔计划">马歇尔计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%B4%9B%E6%89%98%E5%A4%AB%E8%A8%88%E5%8A%83" title="莫洛托夫計劃">莫洛托夫計劃</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="经济互助委员会">经济互助委员会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E6%9C%88%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B)" title="二月事件 (捷克斯洛伐克)">二月事件 (捷克斯洛伐克)</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿尔瓦思巴起义" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Wathbah uprising"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E7%93%A6%E6%80%9D%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿尔瓦思巴起义（页面不存在）">阿尔瓦思巴起义</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Wathbah_uprising" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Wathbah uprising"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Wathbah uprising</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第一次中东战争">第一次中东战争</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1947-1948%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E8%A8%97%E7%AE%A1%E5%9C%B0%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="1947-1948年巴勒斯坦託管地內戰">1947-1948年巴勒斯坦託管地內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1948%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF-%E4%BB%A5%E8%89%B2%E5%88%97%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="1948年阿拉伯-以色列戰爭">1948年阿拉伯-以色列戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%8B%92%E6%96%AF%E5%9D%A6%E4%BA%BA%E5%A4%A7%E9%80%83%E4%BA%A1" title="巴勒斯坦人大逃亡">1948年巴勒斯坦人大流亡</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E5%8D%97%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="苏南冲突">苏南冲突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%B0%81%E9%8E%96" title="柏林封鎖">柏林封鎖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E7%9B%9F%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E8%83%8C%E5%8F%9B" title="西方盟國的背叛">西方盟國的背叛</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%B9%95" title="铁幕">铁幕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E7%A8%AE%E6%97%8F%E9%9A%94%E9%9B%A2" title="南非種族隔離">南非種族隔離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="東方集團">東方集團</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9%E9%9B%86%E5%9C%98" title="西方集團">西方集團</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%B1%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="国共内战">国共内战</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%9C%81%E6%88%92%E5%9A%B4%E4%BB%A4" title="臺灣省戒嚴令">臺灣戒嚴</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E6%B5%B7%E7%8F%BE%E7%8B%80" title="臺海現狀">台湾海峡两岸分裂</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A6%AC%E4%BE%86%E4%BA%9E%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E7%8B%80%E6%85%8B" title="馬來亞緊急狀態">馬來亞緊急狀態</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%85%E7%94%B8%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="缅甸共产主义叛乱">缅甸共产主义叛乱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1949年3月叙利亚政变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="March 1949 Syrian coup d'état"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1949%E5%B9%B43%E6%9C%88%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1949年3月叙利亚政变（页面不存在）">1949年3月叙利亚政变</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/March_1949_Syrian_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="extiw" title="en:March 1949 Syrian coup d'état"><span lang="en" dir="auto">March 1949 Syrian coup d'état</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿爾巴尼亞政变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Albanian Subversion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿爾巴尼亞政变（页面不存在）">阿爾巴尼亞政变</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Albanian_Subversion" class="extiw" title="en:Albanian Subversion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Albanian Subversion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">1950年代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AB%B9%E5%B9%95" title="竹幕">竹幕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="朝鲜战争">朝鲜战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8D%A1%E9%94%A1%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="麦卡锡主义">麦卡锡主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8C%85%E8%8C%85%E8%B5%B7%E7%BE%A9" title="茅茅起義">茅茅起義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E5%8F%8A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="阿尔及利亚战争">阿尔及利亚战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7%E6%9C%8823%E6%97%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="7月23日革命">7月23日革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1953%E5%B9%B4%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="1953年伊朗政變">1953年伊朗政變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%BE%B7%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%80%E4%B8%83%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="东德六一七事件">东德六一七事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E6%A3%AE%E5%A0%A1%E5%A4%AB%E5%A9%A6" title="羅森堡夫婦">罗森堡夫妇案</a></li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="馬德里條約" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Pact of Madrid"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A6%AC%E5%BE%B7%E9%87%8C%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="馬德里條約（页面不存在）">馬德里條約</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pact_of_Madrid" class="extiw" title="en:Pact of Madrid"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Pact of Madrid</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="布里克爾修正案" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Bricker Amendment"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%83%E9%87%8C%E5%85%8B%E7%88%BE%E4%BF%AE%E6%AD%A3%E6%A1%88&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="布里克爾修正案（页面不存在）">布里克爾修正案</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bricker_Amendment" class="extiw" title="en:Bricker Amendment"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Bricker Amendment</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1954%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%B1%E5%9C%B0%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" title="1954年危地马拉政变">1954年危地马拉政变</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%85%A7%E7%93%A6%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0_(1954%E5%B9%B4)" title="日內瓦會議 (1954年)">1954年日內瓦會議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%BF%E5%B1%B1%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="绿山战争">绿山战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="越南战争">越南战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%89%E7%A0%B2%E6%88%B0" title="九三砲戰">第一次台灣海峽危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF%E7%B4%A7%E6%80%A5%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81" title="塞浦路斯紧急状态">塞浦路斯紧急状态</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%84%E9%87%91%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="黄金行动">黄金行动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%A5%E5%85%A7%E7%93%A6%E9%AB%98%E5%B3%B0%E6%9C%83_(1955%E5%B9%B4)" title="日內瓦高峰會 (1955年)">1955年日內瓦高峰會</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%90%AC%E9%9A%86%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0" title="萬隆會議">萬隆會議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E8%8C%B2%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="波茲南事件">波茲南事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1956%E5%B9%B4%E5%8C%88%E7%89%99%E5%88%A9%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="1956年匈牙利革命">1956年匈牙利革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第二次中东战争">第二次中东战争</a></li> <li>“<a href="/wiki/%E6%88%91%E4%BB%AC%E8%A6%81%E5%9F%8B%E8%91%AC%E4%BD%A0%E4%BB%AC" title="我们要埋葬你们">我们要埋葬你们</a>”</li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E5%A4%AB%E5%B0%BC%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="伊夫尼战争">伊夫尼战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E8%BF%AA%E5%A5%A5%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="格拉迪奥行动">格拉迪奥行动</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿拉伯冷战" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Arab Cold War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E6%8B%89%E4%BC%AF%E5%86%B7%E6%88%B0" title="阿拉伯冷戰">阿拉伯冷战</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arab_Cold_War" class="extiw" title="en:Arab Cold War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Arab Cold War</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1957年叙利亚危机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Syrian Crisis of 1957"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1957%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1957年叙利亚危机（页面不存在）">1957年叙利亚危机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syrian_Crisis_of_1957" class="extiw" title="en:Syrian Crisis of 1957"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Syrian Crisis of 1957</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1958%E5%B9%B4%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="1958年黎巴嫩危机">1958年黎巴嫩危机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7%E6%9C%8814%E6%97%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="7月14日革命">7月14日革命</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%B2%E6%99%AE%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="史普尼克危機">史普尼克危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E9%97%A8%E7%82%AE%E6%88%98" title="金门炮战">第二次台灣海峽危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1959%E5%B9%B4%E8%97%8F%E5%8C%BA%E9%AA%9A%E4%B9%B1" title="1959年藏区骚乱">1959年藏区骚乱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1959年摩蘇爾起義" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1959 Mosul uprising"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1959%E5%B9%B4%E6%91%A9%E8%98%87%E7%88%BE%E8%B5%B7%E7%BE%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1959年摩蘇爾起義（页面不存在）">1959年摩蘇爾起義</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1959_Mosul_uprising" class="extiw" title="en:1959 Mosul uprising"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1959 Mosul uprising</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="古巴革命">古巴革命</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古巴革命的影响" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD%E7%9A%84%E5%BD%B1%E5%93%8D&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古巴革命的影响（页面不存在）">古巴革命的影响</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aftermath_of_the_Cuban_Revolution" class="extiw" title="en:Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aftermath of the Cuban Revolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%B2%81%E6%99%93%E5%A4%AB%E8%A7%A3%E5%86%BB" title="赫鲁晓夫解冻">赫鲁晓夫解冻</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%A8%E6%88%BF%E8%BE%A9%E8%AE%BA" title="厨房辩论">厨房辩论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8B%8F%E4%BA%A4%E6%81%B6" title="中苏交恶">中苏交恶</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">1960年代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%9A%E6%9E%9C%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="刚果危机">刚果危机</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="辛巴叛亂" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Simba rebellion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BE%9B%E5%B7%B4%E5%8F%9B%E4%BA%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="辛巴叛亂（页面不存在）">辛巴叛亂</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Simba_rebellion" class="extiw" title="en:Simba rebellion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Simba rebellion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960%E5%B9%B4U-2%E6%93%8A%E5%A2%9C%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="1960年U-2擊墜事件">1960年U-2擊墜事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8C%AA%E6%B9%BE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="猪湾事件">猪湾事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1960%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" title="1960年土耳其政变">1960年土耳其政变</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%98%BF%E5%86%B3%E8%A3%82" title="苏阿决裂">苏阿决裂</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="伊拉克–库尔德冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Iraqi–Kurdish conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E2%80%93%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="伊拉克–库尔德冲突（页面不存在）">伊拉克–库尔德冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Iraqi–Kurdish conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Iraqi–Kurdish conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="第一次伊拉克–库尔德战争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="First Iraqi–Kurdish War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E2%80%93%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第一次伊拉克–库尔德战争（页面不存在）">第一次伊拉克–库尔德战争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/First_Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_War" class="extiw" title="en:First Iraqi–Kurdish War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">First Iraqi–Kurdish War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1961%E5%B9%B4%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="1961年柏林危機">1961年柏林危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%9C%8D%E7%89%86" title="柏林圍牆">柏林圍牆</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%B4%E5%B8%83%E4%BA%9E%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="巴布亞衝突">巴布亞衝突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E5%B0%98%E6%9A%B4%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="沙尘暴战争">沙漠戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%91%A1%E8%90%84%E7%89%99%E6%AE%96%E6%B0%91%E5%9C%B0%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="葡萄牙殖民地戰爭">葡萄牙殖民地戰爭</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="安哥拉独立战争">安哥拉独立战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B9%BE%E5%85%A7%E4%BA%9E%E6%AF%94%E7%B4%A2%E7%8D%A8%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="幾內亞比索獨立戰爭">幾內亞比索獨立戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E6%A1%91%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="莫桑比克独立战争">莫桑比克独立战争</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E5%B7%B4%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%B9%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="古巴导弹危机">古巴导弹危机</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="埃爾·波特納佐" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="El Porteñazo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%83%E7%88%BE%C2%B7%E6%B3%A2%E7%89%B9%E7%B4%8D%E4%BD%90&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="埃爾·波特納佐（页面不存在）">埃爾·波特納佐</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/El_Porte%C3%B1azo" class="extiw" title="en:El Porteñazo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">El Porteñazo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="中印边境战争">中印边境战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%82%E6%8B%89%E8%B6%8A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="砂拉越共产主义叛乱">砂拉越共产主义叛乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%8B%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="斋月革命">斋月革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E7%8B%AC%E7%AB%8B%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="厄立特里亚独立战争">厄立特里亚独立战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="北也门内战">北也门内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1963%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" title="1963年叙利亚政变">1963年叙利亚政变</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A6%E7%BF%B0%C2%B7F%C2%B7%E8%82%AF%E5%B0%BC%E8%BF%AA%E9%81%87%E5%88%BA%E6%A1%88" title="约翰·F·肯尼迪遇刺案">约翰·F·肯尼迪遇刺案</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="亞丁緊急状态" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Aden Emergency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BA%9E%E4%B8%81%E7%B7%8A%E6%80%A5%E7%8A%B6%E6%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="亞丁緊急状态（页面不存在）">亞丁緊急状态</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aden_Emergency" class="extiw" title="en:Aden Emergency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Aden Emergency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1963年塞浦路斯危机" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Cyprus crisis of 1963–64"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1963%E5%B9%B4%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1963年塞浦路斯危机（页面不存在）">1963年塞浦路斯危机</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyprus_crisis_of_1963%E2%80%9364" class="extiw" title="en:Cyprus crisis of 1963–64"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Cyprus crisis of 1963–64</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="越南战争">越南战争</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="叛乱战争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Shifta War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="叛乱战争（页面不存在）">叛乱战争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shifta_War" class="extiw" title="en:Shifta War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Shifta War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%82%AE%E8%84%8F%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89_(%E5%A2%A8%E8%A5%BF%E5%93%A5)" title="肮脏战争 (墨西哥)">墨西哥肮脏战争</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E6%B4%9B%E5%B0%94%E7%A7%91%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="特拉特洛尔科事件">特拉特洛尔科事件</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B1%E5%9C%B0%E9%A9%AC%E6%8B%89%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="危地马拉内战">危地马拉内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%93%A5%E5%80%AB%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="哥倫比亞內戰">哥倫比亞內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1964%E5%B9%B4%E5%B7%B4%E8%A5%BF%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="1964年巴西政變">1964年巴西政變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8D%A0%E9%A0%98%E5%A4%9A%E6%98%8E%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0_(1965%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941966%E5%B9%B4)" title="美國占領多明尼加 (1965年—1966年)">多米尼加內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E5%BE%B7%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%8F%A2%E6%9E%97%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="羅德西亞叢林戰爭">羅德西亞叢林戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E9%9D%9E%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="南非边境战争">南非边境战争</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="印度尼西亞過渡期" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Transition to the New Order"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E9%81%8E%E6%B8%A1%E6%9C%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="印度尼西亞過渡期（页面不存在）">印度尼西亞過渡期</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Transition_to_the_New_Order" class="extiw" title="en:Transition to the New Order"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Transition to the New Order</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9D%E4%B8%89%E3%80%87%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="九三〇事件">九三〇事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A%E5%A4%A7%E5%B1%A0%E6%9D%80_(1965%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941966%E5%B9%B4)" title="印度尼西亚大屠杀 (1965年—1966年)">印尼反共大清洗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%A7%A9%E5%BA%8F_(%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9A)" title="新秩序 (印度尼西亚)">新秩序</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%9A%E7%B1%B3%E8%AB%BE%E9%AA%A8%E7%89%8C%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96" title="多米諾骨牌理論">多米諾骨牌理論</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E7%9B%9F%E5%AE%A3%E8%A8%80" title="东盟宣言">东盟宣言</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AF%AE%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="寮國內戰">寮國內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1966%E5%B9%B4%E5%8F%99%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" title="1966年叙利亚政变">1966年叙利亚政变</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿根廷革命" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Argentine Revolution"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿根廷革命（页面不存在）">阿根廷革命</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Argentine_Revolution" class="extiw" title="en:Argentine Revolution"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Argentine Revolution</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%87%E5%8C%96%E5%A4%A7%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="文化大革命">文化大革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%9F%A9%E9%9D%9E%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E5%8C%BA%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="朝韩非军事区冲突">朝韩非军事区冲突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%8C%E8%87%98%E8%BB%8D%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" title="希臘軍政府">希臘軍政府</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E4%B8%83%E6%9A%B4%E5%8B%95" title="六七暴動">六七暴動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第三次中东战争">第三次中东战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E4%BB%A5%E6%B6%88%E8%80%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="埃以消耗战争">埃以消耗战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%90%E6%B3%95%E5%B0%94%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="佐法尔战争">佐法尔叛乱</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南也门战争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Al-Wadiah War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南也门战争（页面不存在）">南也门战争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Al-Wadiah_War" class="extiw" title="en:Al-Wadiah War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Al-Wadiah War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E6%97%A5%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="尼日利亚内战">尼日利亚内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%99%AE%E9%9F%8B%E5%B8%83%E6%B4%9B%E8%99%9F%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E8%89%A6" title="普韋布洛號通用環境研究艦">普韦布洛号危机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%85%E8%89%B2%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3_(%E6%84%8F%E5%A4%A7%E5%88%A9)" title="铅色年代 (意大利)">鉛弹岁月</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%85%AB%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="六八运动">六八运动</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%94%E6%9C%88%E9%A3%8E%E6%9A%B4" title="五月风暴">五月风暴</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E6%8B%89%E6%A0%BC%E4%B9%8B%E6%98%A5" title="布拉格之春">布拉格之春</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1968%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="1968年波兰政治危机">1968年波兰政治危机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E6%9D%A5%E4%BA%9A%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E5%85%9A%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1_(1968%E5%B9%B4%E2%80%941989%E5%B9%B4)" title="马来亚共产党叛乱 (1968年—1989年)">马来亚共产党叛乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%AF%E7%B4%84%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B" title="華約入侵捷克斯洛伐克">華約入侵捷克斯洛伐克</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%A3%E5%B8%B8%E5%8C%96_(%E6%8D%B7%E5%85%8B%E6%96%AF%E6%B4%9B%E4%BC%90%E5%85%8B)" title="正常化 (捷克斯洛伐克)">正常化</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/7%E6%9C%8817%E6%97%A5%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="7月17日革命">7月17日革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%8B%8F%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="中苏边界冲突">中苏边界冲突</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8F%8D%E5%AE%9D%E5%B2%9B%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="珍宝岛事件">珍宝岛事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E5%88%97%E5%85%8B%E6%8F%90#铁列克提事件" title="铁列克提">铁列克提事件</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E7%BB%BF%E8%89%B2%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="利比亚绿色革命">利比亚绿色革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%B3%E7%90%83%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="足球戰爭">足球戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="古拉什共产主义">古拉什共产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8F%B2%E5%BE%8B%E5%AE%BE%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="菲律宾共产主义叛乱">菲律宾共产主义叛乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A0%E6%AD%A3%E8%A1%8C%E5%8A%A8" title="纠正行动">纠正行动</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">1970年代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%93%E5%92%8C%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="缓和政策">缓和政策</a></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E6%89%A9%E6%95%A3%E6%A0%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6" title="不扩散核武器条约">不扩散核武器条约</a>》</li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970%E5%B9%B4%E7%BA%A6%E6%97%A6%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="1970年约旦内战">1970年约旦内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E7%A7%91%E6%8B%89%E6%BC%94%E7%BF%92" title="阿爾科拉演習">阿爾科拉演習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A0%E6%AD%A3%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="纠正运动">叙利亚校正运动</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="西撒哈拉冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Western Sahara conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%A5%BF%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="西撒哈拉冲突（页面不存在）">西撒哈拉冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Western_Sahara_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Western Sahara conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Western Sahara conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1970%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E6%8A%97%E8%AE%AE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="1970年波兰抗议事件">1970年波兰抗议事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E5%9F%94%E5%AF%A8%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="柬埔寨內戰">柬埔寨內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%8A%E5%8D%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="越南战争">越南战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%B7%AE%E6%9A%B4%E5%8B%95" title="胡差暴動">胡差暴動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E5%AE%9E%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB" title="现实政治">现实政治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%92%E4%B9%93%E5%A4%96%E4%BA%A4" title="乒乓外交">乒乓外交</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="校正运动 (埃及)" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Corrective Revolution (Egypt)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%A0%A1%E6%AD%A3%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8_(%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="校正运动 (埃及)（页面不存在）">埃及校正运动</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrective_Revolution_(Egypt)" class="extiw" title="en:Corrective Revolution (Egypt)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Corrective Revolution (Egypt)</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1971年土耳其备忘录政變" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1971 Turkish military memorandum"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1971%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%A4%87%E5%BF%98%E5%BD%95%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1971年土耳其备忘录政變（页面不存在）">1971年土耳其备忘录政變</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1971_Turkish_military_memorandum" class="extiw" title="en:1971 Turkish military memorandum"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1971 Turkish military memorandum</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1971%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%8F%E4%B8%B9%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98" title="1971年苏丹政变">1971年苏丹政变</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%9B%9B%E5%BC%BA%E5%8D%8F%E5%AE%9A" title="柏林四强协定">柏林四强协定</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="孟加拉国解放战争">孟加拉国解放战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1972%E5%B9%B4%E5%B0%BC%E5%85%8B%E6%9D%BE%E8%AE%BF%E5%8D%8E" title="1972年尼克松访华">1972年尼克松访华</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%85%B1%E5%92%8C%E5%9B%BD" title="也门民主人民共和国">南北也门1972年边境冲突</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="第一次也門戰爭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Yemenite War of 1972"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E4%B9%9F%E9%96%80%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第一次也門戰爭（页面不存在）">第一次也門戰爭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1972" class="extiw" title="en:Yemenite War of 1972"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Yemenite War of 1972</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%85%95%E5%B0%BC%E9%BB%91%E6%83%A8%E6%A1%88" title="慕尼黑惨案">慕尼黑惨案</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1972–1975年孟加拉国叛乱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1972%E2%80%931975%E5%B9%B4%E5%AD%9F%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E5%9B%BD%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1972–1975年孟加拉国叛乱（页面不存在）">孟加拉国共产主义骚乱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1972%E2%80%931975_Bangladesh_insurgency" class="extiw" title="en:1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1972–1975 Bangladesh insurgency</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="第一次厄立特里亚内战" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eritrean Civil Wars"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第一次厄立特里亚内战（页面不存在）">第一次厄立特里亚内战</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritrean_Civil_Wars" class="extiw" title="en:Eritrean Civil Wars"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eritrean Civil Wars</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1973年烏拉圭政變" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1973 Uruguayan coup d'état"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1973%E5%B9%B4%E7%83%8F%E6%8B%89%E5%9C%AD%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1973年烏拉圭政變（页面不存在）">1973年烏拉圭政變</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1973_Uruguayan_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="extiw" title="en:1973 Uruguayan coup d'état"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1973 Uruguayan coup d'état</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="1973年阿富汗政變">1973年阿富汗政變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1973%E5%B9%B4%E6%99%BA%E5%88%A9%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="1973年智利政變">1973年智利政變</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%96%E7%BD%AA%E6%97%A5%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="贖罪日戰爭">贖罪日戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA" title="第一次石油危机">1973年石油危机</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E4%B9%83%E9%A6%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="康乃馨革命">康乃馨革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E4%BA%AC%E6%80%A5%E8%A1%8C_(%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95)" title="東京急行 (軍事行動)">苏联绕飞日本常规化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E7%8F%AD%E7%89%99%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B" title="西班牙民主转型">西班牙民主转型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E6%9D%B1%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="印度尼西亞入侵東帝汶">印度尼西亞入侵東帝汶</a>並<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E5%BA%A6%E5%B0%BC%E8%A5%BF%E4%BA%9E%E4%BD%94%E9%A0%98%E6%9D%B1%E5%B8%9D%E6%B1%B6" title="印度尼西亞佔領東帝汶">佔領</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="希腊民主转型" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Metapolitefsi"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B8%8C%E8%85%8A%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="希腊民主转型（页面不存在）">希腊民主转型</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Metapolitefsi" class="extiw" title="en:Metapolitefsi"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Metapolitefsi</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%88%98%E7%95%A5%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8%E9%99%90%E5%88%B6%E8%B0%88%E5%88%A4" title="战略武器限制谈判">战略武器限制谈判</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="第二次伊拉克–库尔德战争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Second Iraqi–Kurdish War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%BC%8A%E6%8B%89%E5%85%8B%E2%80%93%E5%BA%93%E5%B0%94%E5%BE%B7%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第二次伊拉克–库尔德战争（页面不存在）">第二次伊拉克–库尔德战争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_War" class="extiw" title="en:Second Iraqi–Kurdish War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Second Iraqi–Kurdish War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%A1%9E%E6%B5%A6%E8%B7%AF%E6%96%AF" title="土耳其入侵塞浦路斯">土耳其入侵塞浦路斯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%93%A5%E6%8B%89%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="安哥拉内战">安哥拉内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%9B%E5%9F%BA%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE" title="赫尔辛基协议">赫尔辛基协议</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8E%AB%E4%B8%89%E6%AF%94%E5%85%8B%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="莫三比克內戰">莫三比克內戰</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="奧羅莫衝突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Oromo conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%A7%E7%BE%85%E8%8E%AB%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奧羅莫衝突（页面不存在）">奧羅莫衝突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Oromo_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Oromo conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Oromo conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AD%90%E5%8A%A0%E7%99%BB%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="歐加登戰爭">歐加登戰爭</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1978年索马里政变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1978 Somali coup d'état attempt"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1978%E5%B9%B4%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1978年索马里政变（页面不存在）">1978年索马里政变</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1978_Somali_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat_attempt" class="extiw" title="en:1978 Somali coup d'état attempt"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1978 Somali coup d'état attempt</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%92%92%E5%93%88%E6%8B%89%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="西撒哈拉战争">西撒哈拉战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="埃塞俄比亚内战">埃塞俄比亚内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="黎巴嫩內戰">黎巴嫩內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%98%BF%E5%86%B3%E8%A3%82" title="中阿决裂">中阿决裂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%AC%E8%B6%8A%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="柬越戰爭">柬越戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%80%E9%B7%B9%E8%A1%8C%E5%8B%95" title="兀鷹行動">兀鷹行動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AA%AF%E9%AB%92%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD_(%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7)" title="骯髒戰爭 (阿根廷)">阿根廷骯髒戰爭</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1976年阿根廷政变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1976 Argentine coup d'état"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/1976%E5%B9%B4%E9%98%BF%E6%A0%B9%E5%BB%B7%E6%94%BF%E8%AE%8A" title="1976年阿根廷政變">1976年阿根廷政变</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1976_Argentine_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="extiw" title="en:1976 Argentine coup d'état"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1976 Argentine coup d'état</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="利比亚–埃及战争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Libyan–Egyptian War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E2%80%93%E5%9F%83%E5%8F%8A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="利比亚–埃及战争（页面不存在）">利比亚–埃及战争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Libyan%E2%80%93Egyptian_War" class="extiw" title="en:Libyan–Egyptian War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Libyan–Egyptian War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%84%8F%E5%BF%97%E4%B9%8B%E7%A7%8B" title="德意志之秋">德意志之秋</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1978%E5%B9%B4%E5%8D%97%E9%BB%8E%E5%B7%B4%E5%AB%A9%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="1978年南黎巴嫩冲突">南黎巴嫩冲突</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA902%E8%99%9F%E7%8F%AD%E6%A9%9F%E7%A9%BA%E9%9B%A3" title="大韓航空902號班機空難">大韓航空902號班機空難</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B0%BC%E5%8A%A0%E6%8B%89%E7%93%9C%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="尼加拉瓜革命">尼加拉瓜革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%9D%A6%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="烏坦戰爭">烏坦戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE" title="改革开放">改革开放</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="NDF叛乱" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="NDF Rebellion"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=NDF%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="NDF叛乱（页面不存在）">NDF叛乱</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/NDF_Rebellion" class="extiw" title="en:NDF Rebellion"><span lang="en" dir="auto">NDF Rebellion</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8D%E5%BE%97%E2%80%94%E5%88%A9%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9E%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="乍得—利比亞衝突">乍得—利比亞衝突</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1979年葉門戰爭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Yemenite War of 1979"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1979%E5%B9%B4%E8%91%89%E9%96%80%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1979年葉門戰爭（页面不存在）">1979年葉門戰爭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Yemenite_War_of_1979" class="extiw" title="en:Yemenite War of 1979"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Yemenite War of 1979</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%8A%A0%E7%A6%81%E5%AF%BA%E5%9B%B4%E5%9B%B0%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="麦加禁寺围困事件">麦加禁寺围困事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E8%98%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="伊朗伊斯蘭革命">伊朗伊斯蘭革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%9B%E6%9C%88%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD_(%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97)" title="四月革命 (阿富汗)">沙爾革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%B6%8A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="中越战争">中越战争</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E8%B6%8A%E8%BE%B9%E5%A2%83%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="中越边境冲突">中越边境冲突</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%AE%9D%E7%9F%B3%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="新宝石运动">新宝石运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1979%E5%B9%B4%E8%B5%AB%E6%8B%89%E7%89%B9%E8%B5%B7%E4%B9%89" title="1979年赫拉特起义">1979年赫拉特起义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%83%E6%97%A5%E6%8A%B5%E9%81%94%E8%90%8A%E8%8C%B5%E6%B2%B3%E6%BC%94%E7%BF%92" title="七日抵達萊茵河演習">七日抵達萊茵河演習</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="反對蘇聯政治精神迫害鬥爭" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%8D%E5%B0%8D%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%B2%BE%E7%A5%9E%E8%BF%AB%E5%AE%B3%E9%AC%A5%E7%88%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="反對蘇聯政治精神迫害鬥爭（页面不存在）">反對蘇聯政治精神迫害鬥爭</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Struggle_against_political_abuse_of_psychiatry_in_the_Soviet_Union" class="extiw" title="en:Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Struggle against political abuse of psychiatry in the Soviet Union</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">1980年代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%96%A9%E7%88%BE%E7%93%A6%E5%A4%9A%E5%85%A7%E6%88%B0" title="薩爾瓦多內戰">薩爾瓦多內戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E9%98%BF%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="苏阿战争">阿富汗战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%8A%B5%E5%88%B61980%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A" title="联合抵制1980年夏季奥运会">联合抵制1980年夏季奥运会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%98%E9%B2%81%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81" title="秘鲁内部冲突">秘鲁内部冲突</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="第二次厄立特里亚内战" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Eritrean Civil Wars"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%8E%84%E7%AB%8B%E7%89%B9%E9%87%8C%E4%BA%9A%E5%86%85%E6%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="第二次厄立特里亚内战（页面不存在）">第二次厄立特里亚内战</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eritrean_Civil_Wars" class="extiw" title="en:Eritrean Civil Wars"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Eritrean Civil Wars</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1980年土耳其政变" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1980 Turkish coup d'état"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1980%E5%B9%B4%E5%9C%9F%E8%80%B3%E5%85%B6%E6%94%BF%E5%8F%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1980年土耳其政变（页面不存在）">1980年土耳其政变</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1980_Turkish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" class="extiw" title="en:1980 Turkish coup d'état"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1980 Turkish coup d'état</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%A4%E4%BC%8A%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="两伊战争">两伊战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%8C%E5%B9%B2%E8%BE%BE%E4%B8%9B%E6%9E%97%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="乌干达丛林战争">乌干达丛林战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%94%A1%E5%BE%B7%E6%8B%89%E6%B9%BE%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6_(1981%E5%B9%B4)" title="锡德拉湾事件 (1981年)">锡德拉湾事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%B9-81%E6%BC%94%E4%B9%A0" title="西方-81演习">西方-81演习</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="卡萨芒斯冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Casamance conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%A1%E8%90%A8%E8%8A%92%E6%96%AF%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="卡萨芒斯冲突（页面不存在）">卡萨芒斯冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Casamance_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Casamance conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Casamance conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E5%85%8B%E5%85%B0%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="福克兰战争">福克兰战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%94%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第五次中东战争">第五次中东战争</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1982年埃塞俄比亚–索马里边界战争" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1982%E5%B9%B4%E5%9F%83%E5%A1%9E%E4%BF%84%E6%AF%94%E4%BA%9A%E2%80%93%E7%B4%A2%E9%A9%AC%E9%87%8C%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1982年埃塞俄比亚–索马里边界战争（页面不存在）">1982年埃塞俄比亚–索马里边界战争</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1982_Ethiopian%E2%80%93Somali_Border_War" class="extiw" title="en:1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1982 Ethiopian–Somali Border War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E6%A0%B8%E8%AD%A6%E6%8A%A5%E8%AF%AF%E6%8A%A5%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="1983年苏联核警报误报事件">1983年苏联核警报误报事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E6%A0%BC%E6%9E%97%E7%B4%8D%E9%81%94" title="美國入侵格林納達">美國入侵格林納達</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BB%B0%E5%85%89%E7%88%86%E7%82%B8%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="仰光爆炸事件">仰光爆炸事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1983%E5%B9%B4%E5%84%AA%E7%A7%80%E5%B0%84%E6%89%8B%E6%BC%94%E7%BF%92" title="1983年優秀射手演習">1983年優秀射手演習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%98%9F%E7%90%83%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%98%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="星球大战计划">星球大战计划</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%94%E5%90%88%E6%8A%B5%E5%88%B61984%E5%B9%B4%E5%A4%8F%E5%AD%A3%E5%A5%A5%E8%BF%90%E4%BC%9A" title="联合抵制1984年夏季奥运会">联合抵制1984年夏季奥运会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E8%8A%9D%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E9%81%95%E5%8F%8D%E7%A6%81%E9%81%8B%E4%BB%A4%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="東芝機械違反禁運令事件">东芝事件</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="1986年黑海事件" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="1986 Black Sea incident"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=1986%E5%B9%B4%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1986年黑海事件（页面不存在）">1986年黑海事件</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1986_Black_Sea_incident" class="extiw" title="en:1986 Black Sea incident"><span lang="en" dir="auto">1986 Black Sea incident</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="南也门内战" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="South Yemen Civil War"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8D%97%E4%B9%9F%E9%97%A8%E5%86%85%E6%88%98&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="南也门内战（页面不存在）">南也门内战</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/South_Yemen_Civil_War" class="extiw" title="en:South Yemen Civil War"><span lang="en" dir="auto">South Yemen Civil War</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B1%90%E7%94%B0%E6%88%B0%E7%88%AD" title="豐田戰爭">豐田戰爭</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E7%81%B5%E6%8A%B5%E6%8A%97%E5%86%9B%E5%8F%9B%E4%B9%B1" title="圣灵抵抗军叛乱">圣灵抵抗军叛乱</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E7%9C%81%E6%88%92%E5%9A%B4%E4%BB%A4" title="臺灣省戒嚴令">臺灣戒嚴令解除</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%8E%E8%8B%8F%E6%B5%B7%E5%86%9B%E9%BB%91%E6%B5%B7%E7%9B%B8%E6%92%9E%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="1988年美苏海军黑海相撞事件">1988年黑海撞船事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B8%83%E5%B9%B2%E7%BB%B4%E5%B0%94%E5%86%85%E6%88%98" title="布干维尔内战">布干维尔内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%9C%97%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA655%E8%99%9F%E7%8F%AD%E6%A9%9F%E7%A9%BA%E9%9B%A3" title="伊朗航空655號班機空難">伊朗航空655號班機空難</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/8888%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E9%81%8B%E5%8B%95" title="8888民主運動">8888民主運動</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%98%E7%B5%90%E5%B7%A5%E8%81%AF" title="團結工聯">团结工会</a> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="苏联对1980–1981年波兰内部危机的应对" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Soviet reaction to the Polish crisis of 1980–1981"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E5%AF%B91980%E2%80%931981%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E5%85%B0%E5%86%85%E9%83%A8%E5%8D%B1%E6%9C%BA%E7%9A%84%E5%BA%94%E5%AF%B9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="苏联对1980–1981年波兰内部危机的应对（页面不存在）">苏联对团结工会的应对</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Soviet_reaction_to_the_Polish_crisis_of_1980%E2%80%931981" class="extiw" title="en:Soviet reaction to the Polish crisis of 1980–1981"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Soviet reaction to the Polish crisis of 1980–1981</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BA%B7%E7%89%B9%E6%8B%89" title="康特拉">康特拉</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E7%BE%8E%E6%B4%B2%E5%8D%B1%E6%A9%9F" title="中美洲危機">中美洲危機</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%9F%93%E8%88%AA%E7%A9%BA007%E8%99%9F%E7%8F%AD%E6%A9%9F%E7%A9%BA%E9%9B%A3" title="大韓航空007號班機空難">大韓航空007號班機空難</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E5%8A%9B%E9%87%8F%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD_(1986%E5%B9%B4)" title="人民力量革命 (1986年)">人民力量革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E7%BA%B3%E6%88%88%E5%B0%94%E8%AF%BA-%E5%8D%A1%E6%8B%89%E5%B7%B4%E8%B5%AB%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="第一次纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫战争">纳戈尔诺-卡拉巴赫战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%AF%8C%E6%B1%97%E5%86%85%E6%88%98_(1989%E2%80%931992)" class="mw-redirect" title="阿富汗内战 (1989–1992)">阿富汗内战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1988%E5%B9%B4%E6%B3%A2%E8%98%AD%E7%BD%B7%E5%B7%A5" title="1988年波蘭罷工">1988年波蘭罷工</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AD%E5%9B%9B%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="六四事件">六四天安门事件</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E6%80%9D%E7%BB%B4_(%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94)" title="新思维 (苏联)">新思维</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1987%E5%B9%B4%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E6%94%B9%E9%9D%A9" title="1987年苏联经济改革">经济改革</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="開放政策">開放政策</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E6%AC%A7%E5%89%A7%E5%8F%98" title="东欧剧变">东欧剧变</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%A2%E7%BE%85%E7%9A%84%E6%B5%B7%E4%B9%8B%E8%B7%AF" title="波羅的海之路">波羅的海之路</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9F%8F%E6%9E%97%E5%A2%99%E5%80%92%E5%A1%8C" title="柏林墙倒塌">柏林墙倒塌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E5%9C%8B%E5%9C%8B%E5%85%A7%E9%82%8A%E7%95%8C%E9%96%8B%E6%94%BE" title="德國國內邊界開放">德國國內邊界開放</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%B5%9D%E7%B5%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="天鵝絨革命">天鵝絨革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1989%E5%B9%B4%E7%BE%85%E9%A6%AC%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="1989年羅馬尼亞革命">1989年羅馬尼亞革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%BE%B7%E8%BD%AC%E5%9E%8B%E4%B8%8E%E5%92%8C%E5%B9%B3%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="东德转型与和平革命">东德转型与和平革命</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%85%A5%E4%BE%B5%E5%B7%B4%E6%8B%BF%E9%A9%AC" title="美国入侵巴拿马">美国入侵巴拿马</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">1990年代</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1990%E5%B9%B4%E8%92%99%E5%8F%A4%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="1990年蒙古革命">1990年蒙古革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%B7%E6%B9%BE%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="海湾战争">海湾战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%A9%E5%BE%B7%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80" title="兩德統一">兩德統一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%9F%E9%96%80%E7%B5%B1%E4%B8%80" title="也門統一">也門統一</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E7%88%BE%E5%B7%B4%E5%B0%BC%E4%BA%9E%E5%85%B1%E7%94%A2%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9%E6%94%BF%E6%AC%8A%E7%9A%84%E5%9E%AE%E5%8F%B0" title="阿爾巴尼亞共產主義政權的垮台">阿爾巴尼亞共產主義政權的垮台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E6%96%AF%E6%8B%89%E5%A4%AB%E8%A7%A3%E9%AB%94" title="南斯拉夫解體">南斯拉夫解體</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A9%E9%B5%9D%E7%B5%A8%E5%88%86%E9%9B%A2" title="天鵝絨分離">天鵝絨分離</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%8F%E8%81%94%E8%A7%A3%E4%BD%93" title="苏联解体">苏联解体</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E4%B8%80%E4%B9%9D%E4%BA%8B%E4%BB%B6" title="八一九事件">八一九事件</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="冷冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Frozen conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%86%B7%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="冷冲突（页面不存在）">冷冲突</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frozen_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Frozen conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Frozen conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="阿布哈茲–喬治亞冲突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Abkhaz–Georgian conflict"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%BF%E5%B8%83%E5%93%88%E8%8C%B2%E2%80%93%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9E%E5%86%B2%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="阿布哈茲–喬治亞冲突（页面不存在）">阿布哈茲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Abkhaz%E2%80%93Georgian_conflict" class="extiw" title="en:Abkhaz–Georgian conflict"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Abkhaz–Georgian conflict</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%BA%E7%81%A3%E5%95%8F%E9%A1%8C" title="臺灣問題">臺灣</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%B2%9C%E5%8D%8A%E5%B2%9B%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E5%88%86%E6%B2%BB" title="朝鲜半岛南北分治">朝鲜半岛</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="波多黎各政治現狀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Political status of Puerto Rico"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B3%A2%E5%A4%9A%E9%BB%8E%E5%90%84%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%8F%BE%E7%8B%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="波多黎各政治現狀（页面不存在）">波多黎各</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_status_of_Puerto_Rico" class="extiw" title="en:Political status of Puerto Rico"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Political status of Puerto Rico</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="科索沃政治現狀" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Political status of Kosovo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A7%91%E7%B4%A2%E6%B2%83%E6%94%BF%E6%B2%BB%E7%8F%BE%E7%8B%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="科索沃政治現狀（页面不存在）">科索沃</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Political_status_of_Kosovo" class="extiw" title="en:Political status of Kosovo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Political status of Kosovo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%E4%BA%9E%E2%80%94%E5%A5%A7%E5%A1%9E%E6%8F%90%E4%BA%9E%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81" title="喬治亞—奧塞提亞衝突">南奥塞梯</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%B7%E6%B6%85%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%B2%B3%E6%B2%BF%E5%B2%B8%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="德涅斯特河沿岸战争">德涅斯特河沿岸</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%8D%B0%E8%BE%B9%E7%95%8C%E9%97%AE%E9%A2%98" title="中印边界问题">中印边界</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="北婆羅洲衝突" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="North Borneo dispute"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%97%E5%A9%86%E7%BE%85%E6%B4%B2%E8%A1%9D%E7%AA%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="北婆羅洲衝突（页面不存在）">北婆羅洲</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span 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href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="新自由主義">新自由主義</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;"><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="社会主义">社会主义</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="共产主义">共产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E5%85%8B%E6%80%9D%E5%88%97%E5%AE%81%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="马克思列宁主义">马克思列宁主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%AF%E5%A4%A7%E6%9E%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="斯大林主义">斯大林主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%89%98%E6%B4%9B%E8%8C%A8%E5%9F%BA%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="托洛茨基主义">托洛茨基主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A6%E7%BF%BC%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="左翼共产主义">左翼共产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AF%9B%E6%B3%BD%E4%B8%9C%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" title="毛泽东思想">毛泽东思想</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%BF%97%E6%98%8E%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" title="胡志明思想">胡志明思想</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%AB%E9%AD%AF%E6%9B%89%E5%A4%AB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="赫魯曉夫主義">赫魯曉夫主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%93%81%E6%89%98%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="铁托主义">铁托主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9C%8D%E6%9F%A5%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="霍查主义">霍查主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%BD%97%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="卡斯特罗主义">卡斯特罗主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%BC%E7%93%A6%E6%8B%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="格瓦拉主義">格瓦拉主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%A4%E6%8B%89%E4%BB%80%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="古拉什共产主义">古拉什共产主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E8%90%A8%E5%85%8B%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="胡萨克主义">胡萨克主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E8%90%A8%E5%B0%94%E6%B4%BE" title="纳萨尔派">纳萨尔主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%A7%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="欧洲共产主义">欧洲共产主义</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%BB%93%E7%9B%9F%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="不结盟运动">不結盟主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="民族主義">民族主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9E%81%E7%AB%AF%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="极端民族主义">极端民族主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BA%BA%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="白人民族主義">白人民族主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%99%E6%96%87%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="沙文主义">沙文主义</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">帝国主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%97%8F%E7%BE%A4%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="族群民族主义">族裔民族主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BA%BA%E5%84%AA%E8%B6%8A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="白人優越主義">白人優越主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%8C%AB%E5%AE%89%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="錫安主義">錫安主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A7%8D%E6%97%8F%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="种族主义">种族主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E8%A5%BF%E6%96%AF%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="法西斯主义">法西斯主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%B4%8D%E7%B2%B9%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="新納粹主義">新納粹主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A5%B5%E6%AC%8A%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="極權主義">極權主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E6%9D%83%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="威权主义">威权主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8B%AC%E8%A3%81" title="独裁">独裁</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰主义">泛伊斯蘭主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%8A%E6%96%AF%E5%85%B0%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="伊斯兰社会主义">伊斯兰社会主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E7%A5%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="解放神學">解放神學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%B7%A6%E7%BF%BC" title="新左翼">新左翼</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%BB%E4%BD%93%E6%80%9D%E6%83%B3" title="主体思想">主体思想</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E5%88%B6" title="自由民主制">自由民主制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%9A%84%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" title="不自由的民主">不自由的民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8C%87%E5%AF%BC%E5%BC%8F%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB" class="mw-redirect" title="指导式民主">指导式民主</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="社會民主主義">社會民主主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%91%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="三民主義">三民主義</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%89%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E4%B8%BB%E7%BE%A9" title="第三世界主義">第三世界主義</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">组织</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%97%E5%A4%A7%E8%A5%BF%E6%B4%8B%E5%85%AC%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="北大西洋公约组织">北大西洋公约组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%B1%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9E%E6%A2%9D%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="東南亞條約組織">東南亞條約組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E9%83%A8%E5%85%AC%E7%B4%84%E7%B5%84%E7%B9%94" title="中部公約組織">中部公約組織</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E5%85%B1%E5%90%8C%E4%BD%93" title="欧洲经济共同体">欧洲经济共同体</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8E%E6%B2%99%E6%9D%A1%E7%BA%A6%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87" title="华沙条约组织">华沙条约组织</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%8F%E6%B5%8E%E4%BA%92%E5%8A%A9%E5%A7%94%E5%91%98%E4%BC%9A" title="经济互助委员会">经济互助委员会</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%8D%E7%BB%93%E7%9B%9F%E8%BF%90%E5%8A%A8" title="不结盟运动">不结盟运动</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%9C%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="东南亚国家联盟">东南亚国家联盟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%97%E4%BA%9A%E5%8C%BA%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%88%E4%BD%9C%E8%81%94%E7%9B%9F" title="南亚区域合作联盟">南亚区域合作联盟</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="狩猎俱乐部" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Safari Club"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%8B%A9%E7%8C%8E%E4%BF%B1%E4%B9%90%E9%83%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="狩猎俱乐部（页面不存在）">狩猎俱乐部</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Safari_Club" class="extiw" title="en:Safari Club"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Safari Club</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">宣傳</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="積極策略" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Active measures"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A9%8D%E6%A5%B5%E7%AD%96%E7%95%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="積極策略（页面不存在）">積極策略</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Active_measures" class="extiw" title="en:Active measures"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Active measures</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E6%B6%88%E6%81%AF%E6%8A%A5" title="消息报">消息报</a>》</li> <li>《<a href="/wiki/%E7%9C%9F%E7%90%86%E6%8A%A5" title="真理报">真理报</a>》</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="美利坚报" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Amerika (magazine)"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%BE%8E%E5%88%A9%E5%9D%9A%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="美利坚报（页面不存在）">美利坚报</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amerika_(magazine)" class="extiw" title="en:Amerika (magazine)"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Amerika (magazine)</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li>《<span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="俄罗斯生活报" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Russian Life"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E7%94%9F%E6%B4%BB%E6%8A%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="俄罗斯生活报（页面不存在）">俄罗斯生活报</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_Life" class="extiw" title="en:Russian Life"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Russian Life</span></a></span>）</span></span>》</li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="自由十字军" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Crusade for Freedom"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E5%8D%81%E5%AD%97%E5%86%9B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="自由十字军（页面不存在）">自由十字军</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Crusade_for_Freedom" class="extiw" title="en:Crusade for Freedom"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Crusade for Freedom</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E6%AC%A7%E6%B4%B2%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0%EF%BC%8F%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0" title="自由欧洲电台／自由电台">自由歐洲電台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%94%B1%E4%BA%9A%E6%B4%B2%E7%94%B5%E5%8F%B0" title="自由亚洲电台">自由亚洲电台</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%A2%E8%89%B2%E6%81%90%E6%85%8C" title="红色恐慌">红色恐慌</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%94%E6%96%AF%E7%A4%BE" title="塔斯社">俄通社-塔斯社</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E4%B9%8B%E9%9F%B3" title="美国之音">美国之音</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF%E5%8D%AB%E6%98%9F%E9%80%9A%E8%AE%AF%E7%A4%BE" title="俄罗斯卫星通讯社">莫斯科广播电台</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;background:#dcdcdc;">參見</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BD%E4%BB%A4%E6%B5%B7%E5%B3%A1" title="白令海峡">白令海峡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%97%9C%E5%A1%94%E9%82%A3%E6%91%A9%E7%81%A3%E6%B5%B7%E8%BB%8D%E5%9F%BA%E5%9C%B0#仙人掌幕" title="關塔那摩灣海軍基地">仙人掌幕</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%9D%E9%AE%AE%E5%8D%8A%E5%B3%B6%E5%8D%97%E5%8C%97%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="朝鮮半島南北關係">朝韩关系</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%AB%E6%97%A5%E4%B9%8B%E9%90%98" title="末日之鐘">末日之鐘</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A6%8F%E9%81%94%E7%BC%BA%E5%8F%A3" title="福達缺口">福達缺口</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A1%91%E5%9C%B0%E8%AB%BE%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%A7%A3%E6%94%BE%E9%99%A3%E7%B7%9A" title="桑地諾民族解放陣線">桑地諾民族解放陣線</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%9C%E6%88%98%E4%BA%89" title="中东战争">中东战争</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%82%8A%E7%B7%A3%E6%94%BF%E7%AD%96" title="邊緣政策">邊緣政策</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E2%80%94%E5%8C%97%E7%B4%84%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="俄羅斯—北約關係">北約與俄羅斯的關係</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="蘇聯與俄羅斯於美國的間諜活動史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Russian espionage in the United States"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E8%88%87%E4%BF%84%E7%BE%85%E6%96%AF%E6%96%BC%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E7%9A%84%E9%96%93%E8%AB%9C%E6%B4%BB%E5%8B%95%E5%8F%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="蘇聯與俄羅斯於美國的間諜活動史（页面不存在）">蘇聯與俄羅斯於美國的間諜活動史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Russian_espionage_in_the_United_States" class="extiw" title="en:Russian espionage in the United States"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Russian espionage in the United States</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%98%87%E8%81%AF%E2%80%94%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E9%97%9C%E4%BF%82" title="蘇聯—美國關係">美蘇關係</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E8%98%87%E9%A6%96%E8%85%A6%E6%9C%83%E8%AD%B0%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="美蘇首腦會議列表">美蘇首腦會議</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%86%B7%E6%88%98" title="第二次冷战">第二次冷战</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1917%E5%B9%B4%E4%BF%84%E5%9B%BD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="1917年俄国革命">1917年俄国革命</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link 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