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<header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目录" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="开关目录" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">开关目录</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">化学工程</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往另一种语言写成的文章。75种语言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-75" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">75种语言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemiese_ingenieurswese" title="Chemiese ingenieurswese – 南非荷兰语" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Chemiese ingenieurswese" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="南非荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%AC%E1%88%9A%E1%8A%AB%E1%88%8D_%E1%8A%A2%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%82%E1%8A%94%E1%88%AA%E1%8A%95%E1%8C%8D" title="ኬሚካል ኢንጂኔሪንግ – 阿姆哈拉语" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="ኬሚካል ኢንጂኔሪንግ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="阿姆哈拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inchenier%C3%ADa_quimica" title="Incheniería quimica – 阿拉贡语" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Incheniería quimica" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="阿拉贡语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%A9_%D9%83%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="هندسة كيميائية – 阿拉伯语" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="هندسة كيميائية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95_%E0%A6%85%E0%A6%AD%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A8%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%A4%E0%A7%8D%E0%A7%B0%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%80" title="ৰাসায়নিক অভিযান্ত্ৰিকী – 阿萨姆语" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="ৰাসায়নিক অভিযান্ত্ৰিকী" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="阿萨姆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inxenier%C3%ADa_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Inxeniería química – 阿斯图里亚斯语" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Inxeniería química" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯图里亚斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya_m%C3%BCh%C9%99ndisliyi" title="Kimya mühəndisliyi – 阿塞拜疆语" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Kimya mühəndisliyi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="阿塞拜疆语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhinyeriyang_pangkimika" title="Inhinyeriyang pangkimika – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Inhinyeriyang pangkimika" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%BE" title="Химично инженерство – 保加利亚语" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Химично инженерство" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%AA%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8C%E0%A6%B6%E0%A6%B2" title="রসায়ন প্রকৌশল – 孟加拉语" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="রসায়ন প্রকৌশল" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enginyeria_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Enginyeria química – 加泰罗尼亚语" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Enginyeria química" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰罗尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B2%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%B1%DB%8C%DB%8C_%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7" title="ئەندازیاریی کیمیا – 中库尔德语" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەندازیاریی کیمیا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A9_in%C5%BEen%C3%BDrstv%C3%AD" title="Chemické inženýrství – 捷克语" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Chemické inženýrství" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peirianneg_gemegol" title="Peirianneg gemegol – 威尔士语" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Peirianneg gemegol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="威尔士语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemieingenieurwesen" title="Chemieingenieurwesen – 德语" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Chemieingenieurwesen" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A7%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%BC%CE%B7%CF%87%CE%B1%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE" title="Χημική μηχανική – 希腊语" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Χημική μηχανική" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希腊语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineering" title="Chemical engineering – 英语" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Chemical engineering" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemia_in%C4%9Denierarto" title="Kemia inĝenierarto – 世界语" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Kemia inĝenierarto" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingenier%C3%ADa_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Ingeniería química – 西班牙语" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Ingeniería química" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Keemiatehnoloogia" title="Keemiatehnoloogia – 爱沙尼亚语" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Keemiatehnoloogia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="爱沙尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingeniaritza_kimiko" title="Ingeniaritza kimiko – 巴斯克语" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Ingeniaritza kimiko" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%87%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%B4%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="مهندسی شیمی – 波斯语" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مهندسی شیمی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiantekniikka" title="Kemiantekniikka – 芬兰语" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Kemiantekniikka" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nie_chimique" title="Génie chimique – 法语" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Génie chimique" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Innealt%C3%B3ireacht_cheimiceach" title="Innealtóireacht cheimiceach – 爱尔兰语" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Innealtóireacht cheimiceach" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="爱尔兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Enxe%C3%B1ar%C3%ADa_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Enxeñaría química – 加利西亚语" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Enxeñaría química" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%93%D7%A1%D7%94_%D7%9B%D7%99%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%AA" title="הנדסה כימית – 希伯来语" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="הנדסה כימית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="रासायनिक अभियान्त्रिकी – 印地语" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="रासायनिक अभियान्त्रिकी" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemijsko_in%C5%BEenjerstvo" title="Kemijsko inženjerstvo – 克罗地亚语" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Kemijsko inženjerstvo" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Teknik_kimia" title="Teknik kimia – 印度尼西亚语" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Teknik kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印度尼西亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Efnaverkfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i" title="Efnaverkfræði – 冰岛语" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Efnaverkfræði" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰岛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ingegneria_chimica" title="Ingegneria chimica – 意大利语" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Ingegneria chimica" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="意大利语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%A6" title="化学工学 – 日语" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="化学工学" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%A8knik_kimia" title="Tèknik kimia – 爪哇语" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Tèknik kimia" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="爪哇语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A5%E1%83%98%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A2%E1%83%94%E1%83%A5%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%92%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="ქიმიური ტექნოლოგია – 格鲁吉亚语" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="ქიმიური ტექნოლოგია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="格鲁吉亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химиялық технология – 哈萨克语" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Химиялық технология" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="哈萨克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%95_%E0%B2%8E%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%B0%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%8D" title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಎಂಜಿನಿಯರಿಂಗ್ – 卡纳达语" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ರಾಸಾಯನಿಕ ಎಂಜಿನಿಯರಿಂಗ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="卡纳达语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%99%94%ED%95%99%EA%B3%B5%ED%95%99" title="화학공학 – 韩语" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="화학공학" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韩语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endezyariya_k%C3%AEmyay%C3%AA" title="Endezyariya kîmyayê – 库尔德语" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Endezyariya kîmyayê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="库尔德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ars_chemica" title="Ars chemica – 拉丁语" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Ars chemica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="拉丁语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemin%C4%97_technologija" title="Cheminė technologija – 立陶宛语" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Cheminė technologija" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="立陶宛语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B6%C4%ABmijas_tehnolo%C4%A3ija" title="Ķīmijas tehnoloģija – 拉脱维亚语" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Ķīmijas tehnoloģija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脱维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B6%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%87%D0%BB%D1%8D%D0%BB" title="Химийн инженерчлэл – 蒙古语" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Химийн инженерчлэл" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95_%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%AD%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%A4%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%80" title="रासायनिक अभियांत्रिकी – 马拉地语" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="रासायनिक अभियांत्रिकी" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="马拉地语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kejuruteraan_kimia" title="Kejuruteraan kimia – 马来语" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kejuruteraan kimia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="马来语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%93%E1%80%AC%E1%80%90%E1%80%AF_%E1%80%A1%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%82%E1%80%BB%E1%80%84%E1%80%BA%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%AC_%E1%80%98%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9E%E1%80%AC%E1%80%9B%E1%80%95%E1%80%BA" title="ဓာတု အင်ဂျင်နီယာ ဘာသာရပ် – 缅甸语" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဓာတု အင်ဂျင်နီယာ ဘာသာရပ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="缅甸语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemische_technologie" title="Chemische technologie – 荷兰语" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Chemische technologie" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kjemiteknikk" title="Kjemiteknikk – 书面挪威语" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Kjemiteknikk" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="书面挪威语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eng%C3%A8ni_quimic" title="Engèni quimic – 奥克语" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Engèni quimic" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奥克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Technologia_chemiczna_i_in%C5%BCynieria_procesowa" title="Technologia chemiczna i inżynieria procesowa – 波兰语" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Technologia chemiczna i inżynieria procesowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Engenharia_qu%C3%ADmica" title="Engenharia química – 葡萄牙语" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Engenharia química" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inginerie_chimic%C4%83" title="Inginerie chimică – 罗马尼亚语" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Inginerie chimică" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="罗马尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B5%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Химическая технология – 俄语" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Химическая технология" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%AA%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A_%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%AC%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A6%D8%B1%D9%86%DA%AF" title="ڪيميائي انجنيئرنگ – 信德语" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="ڪيميائي انجنيئرنگ" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijsko_in%C5%BEenjerstvo" title="Hemijsko inženjerstvo – 塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Hemijsko inženjerstvo" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚-克罗地亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%83%E0%B7%8F%E0%B6%BA%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%9A_%E0%B6%89%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%A2%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%B1%E0%B7%9A%E0%B6%BB%E0%B7%94_%E0%B7%80%E0%B7%92%E0%B6%AF%E0%B7%8A%E2%80%8D%E0%B6%BA%E0%B7%8F%E0%B7%80" title="රසායනික ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාව – 僧伽罗语" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="රසායනික ඉංජිනේරු විද්‍යාව" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="僧伽罗语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_engineering" title="Chemical engineering – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Chemical engineering" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemick%C3%A9_in%C5%BEinierstvo" title="Chemické inžinierstvo – 斯洛伐克语" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Chemické inžinierstvo" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inxhinieria_kimike" title="Inxhinieria kimike – 阿尔巴尼亚语" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Inxhinieria kimike" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="阿尔巴尼亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hemijsko_in%C5%BEenjerstvo" title="Hemijsko inženjerstvo – 塞尔维亚语" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Hemijsko inženjerstvo" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞尔维亚语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemiteknik" title="Kemiteknik – 瑞典语" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Kemiteknik" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%B5%E0%AF%87%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8A%E0%AE%B1%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B2%E0%AF%8D" title="வேதிப் பொறியியல் – 泰米尔语" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="வேதிப் பொறியியல்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="泰米尔语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D2%B3%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B4%D0%B8%D1%81%D0%B8%D0%B8_%D1%88%D0%B8%D0%BC%D3%A3" title="Муҳандисии шимӣ – 塔吉克语" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Муҳандисии шимӣ" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="塔吉克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%B4%E0%B8%A8%E0%B8%A7%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%A1%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5" title="วิศวกรรมเคมี – 泰语" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="วิศวกรรมเคมี" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Himi%C3%BDa_in%C5%BEenerligi" title="Himiýa inženerligi – 土库曼语" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Himiýa inženerligi" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="土库曼语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhinyeriyang_pangkimika" title="Inhinyeriyang pangkimika – 他加禄语" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Inhinyeriyang pangkimika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="他加禄语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimya_m%C3%BChendisli%C4%9Fi" title="Kimya mühendisliği – 土耳其语" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Kimya mühendisliği" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B0_%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%85%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BE%D0%B3%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Хімічна технологія – 乌克兰语" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Хімічна технологія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="乌克兰语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%A6%DB%8C_%DB%81%D9%86%D8%AF%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%A7%D8%AA" title="کیمیائی ہندسیات – 乌尔都语" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="کیمیائی ہندسیات" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="乌尔都语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kimyoviy_texnologiya" title="Kimyoviy texnologiya – 乌兹别克语" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Kimyoviy texnologiya" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="乌兹别克语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%E1%BB%B9_thu%E1%BA%ADt_h%C3%B3a_h%E1%BB%8Dc" title="Kỹ thuật hóa học – 越南语" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Kỹ thuật hóa học" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inhenyeriya_kimika" title="Inhenyeriya kimika – 瓦瑞语" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Inhenyeriya kimika" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="瓦瑞语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化学工程 – 吴语" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="化学工程" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吴语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/H%C3%B2a-ha%CC%8Dk_kang-t%C3%AAng" title="Hòa-ha̍k kang-têng – 闽南语" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Hòa-ha̍k kang-têng" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="闽南语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化學工程 – 粤语" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="化學工程" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粤语" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q83588#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="编辑跨语言链接" class="wbc-editpage">编辑链接</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空间"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div 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id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">（重定向自<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="化學工程">化學工程</a>）</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="zh" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%B6%88%E6%AD%A7%E4%B9%89" title="Wikipedia:消歧义"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/25px-Disambig_gray.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="19" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/38px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5f/Disambig_gray.svg/50px-Disambig_gray.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="220" data-file-height="168" /></a></span><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r74069148">body:not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.mobile{display:none}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .ifmobile>.nomobile{display:inherit;display:initial}</style><span class="ifmobile"><span class="nomobile">  </span><span class="mobile"></span></span>此条目页的主題是專門研究<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a>生產的<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="工程學">工程學</a>分支。关于本條目的研究領域在實際<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業">工業</a>上的應用，請見「<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="化学工业">化學工業</a></b>」。</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Colonne_distillazione.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Colonne_distillazione.jpg/240px-Colonne_distillazione.jpg" decoding="async" width="240" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Colonne_distillazione.jpg/360px-Colonne_distillazione.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/cc/Colonne_distillazione.jpg/480px-Colonne_distillazione.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1609" data-file-height="2120" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="化學工廠">化學工廠</a></figcaption></figure> <p><b>化學工程</b>（chemical engineering）或<b>化学工程学</b>，簡稱<b>化工</b>、<b>化工学</b>，是<a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6" title="研究">研究</a>以<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="化学工业">化學工業</a>為代表以及其他過程工業（例如<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%82%BC%E5%88%B6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="石油炼制工业">石油煉制</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="塑膠">塑膠</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="冶金工程">冶金</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="食品工业">食品</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%B0%E6%9F%93%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="印染工业">印染工業</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%B9%E6%BC%86" class="mw-redirect" title="油漆">油漆</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AF%E7%A2%B1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="氯碱工业">氯鹼工業</a>等）生產過程中有關化學過程與物理過程的一般原理和規律，並且應用這些規律來解決過程及裝置的開發、設計、操作及改善問題的工程技術學科。 </p><p>化學工程主要研究大規模改變物料中的化學組成及其機械和物理性質。簡單地定義化學工程的本質，它是以數學及少量的物理觀念為基礎應用於化學工業上，來替生產各式化學品或是物料的工廠提供一個最節省成本的反應流程設計方式。實驗研究、理論分析和科學計算已經成為當代化工研究中不可或缺的三種主要手段。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="概要"><span id=".E6.A6.82.E8.A6.81"></span>概要</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=1" title="编辑章节：概要"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>化學工程的理論基礎主要是<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="數學">數學</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="物理學">物理學</a>。包括上述各學科的分支，如： </p> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="熱力學">熱力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化學動力學</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="歷史"><span id=".E6.AD.B7.E5.8F.B2"></span>歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=2" title="编辑章节：歷史"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:MIT_Industrial_Chemistry_Lab.gif" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/MIT_Industrial_Chemistry_Lab.gif/415px-MIT_Industrial_Chemistry_Lab.gif" decoding="async" width="415" height="207" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e5/MIT_Industrial_Chemistry_Lab.gif/623px-MIT_Industrial_Chemistry_Lab.gif 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/e/e5/MIT_Industrial_Chemistry_Lab.gif 2x" data-file-width="660" data-file-height="329" /></a><figcaption>在<a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%9C%81%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="麻省理工學院">麻省理工學院</a>工業實驗室裡的學生們。</figcaption></figure> <p>化學工程是建立在其最基礎的概念——<a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="單元操作">單元操作</a>之上。多數人認為<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%96%AC%E6%B2%BB%C2%B7%E6%88%B4%E7%B6%AD%E6%96%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="喬治·戴維斯（页面不存在）">喬治·戴維斯</a>發明了單元操作這項學科，但並沒有積極地去發展它<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996172–173_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996172–173-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1887年，他在<a href="/wiki/%E8%8B%B1%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="英國">英國</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="曼徹斯特大學">曼徹斯特大學</a>開課教授單元操作，被認為是化學工程的早期先鋒<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996175_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996175-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。早在戴維斯開這門課的三年前，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%A8%E5%88%A9%C2%B7%E6%84%9B%E5%BE%B7%E8%8F%AF%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%E5%A7%86%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E6%9C%97" title="亨利·愛德華·阿姆斯特朗">亨利·愛德華·阿姆斯特朗</a>便已在<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%9F%8E%E5%B8%82%E7%A0%94%E7%A9%B6%E6%89%80%E8%A1%8C%E6%A5%AD%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="倫敦城市研究所行業協會（页面不存在）">倫敦城市研究所行業協會</a>開了一門學位課程；然而，當時多數的雇主都偏好雇用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%AE%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="化學家">化學家</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E6%A2%B0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" class="mw-redirect" title="機械工程師">機械工程師</a>，其課程的畢業生前景並不被看好，因此失敗收場<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。而<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="美國">美國</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%BA%BB%E7%9C%81%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E5%AD%B8%E9%99%A2" class="mw-redirect" title="麻省理工學院">麻省理工學院</a>、英格蘭的<a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BC%E5%BE%B9%E6%96%AF%E7%89%B9%E7%B6%AD%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="曼徹斯特維多利亞大學">曼徹斯特維多利亞大學</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%80%AB%E6%95%A6%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%B8" title="倫敦大學">倫敦大學</a>所開授的相關課程也都面臨了類似的情況<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996178_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996178-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%B7%AF%E6%98%93%E6%96%AF%C2%B7%E8%AB%BE%E9%A0%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="路易斯·諾頓（页面不存在）">路易斯·諾頓</a>從1888年開始，在麻省理工學院開授了全美第一門化工課程<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996180_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996180-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。諾頓的課程與同期的阿姆斯特朗的課程，基本上互相類似，皆合併了<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-disambig" title="工程">工程</a>等學科知識。當時從事本行的初期化學工程師都面臨了身分上的問題，他們一方面像是工程師，另一方面又不僅是一般的化學家<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1905年，<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E5%BB%89%C2%B7%E6%B2%83%E5%85%8B" title="威廉·沃克">威廉·沃克</a>在自己的課程中介紹了單元操作的理論<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996183_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996183-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。到了1920年代，單元操作已經在前述學校與學院中，成為化學工程重要的一環<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996184_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996184-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1908年成立的<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9C%8B%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83" title="美國化學工程學會">美國化學工程學會</a>（AIChE）是讓化學工程成為獨立科學學門的一個重要角色。此外，在它的成立與推動之下，單元操作成為化學工程學的重點領域<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996187_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996187-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。與此同時，於1922年成立的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8D%94%E6%9C%83&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學工程協會（页面不存在）">化學工程協會</a>（IChemE）也確立了化學工程為一門獨立的學科<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996189_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996189-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996190_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996190-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="演進"><span id=".E6.BC.94.E9.80.B2"></span>演進</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=3" title="编辑章节：演進"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>1940年代，僅就單元操作已不足以應付<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化學反應器">化學反應器</a>的發展；然而，單元操作在英國和美國各學院的化工課程中，依然處於優勢。直到1960年代，<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="輸送現象">輸送現象</a>才開始受到較大的關注<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996185_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996185-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。輸送現象提供了化學工程一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90" title="系统分析">系統分析</a>的方法<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerkins200330_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerkins200330-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。<a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C%E5%A4%A7%E6%88%B0" class="mw-redirect" title="第二次世界大戰">第二次世界大戰</a>前後的化工發展，主要是由<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="石化工業">石化工業</a>所引領的，不過其他領域亦有所發展<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001177_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001177-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1940年代，<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="生化工程">生化工程</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="製藥工程">製藥工程</a>開始有所進步，技術已足以<a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%87%8F%E7%94%9F%E7%94%A2" title="大量生產">大量生產</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%9D%92%E9%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="青黴素">青黴素</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%8F%88%E9%BB%B4%E7%B4%A0" title="鏈黴素">鏈黴素</a>等醫用<a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%97%E7%BB%86%E8%8F%8C%E8%8D%AF" title="抗细菌药">抗細菌藥</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerkins200332–33_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerkins200332–33-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。同時，<a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="高分子科學">高分子科學</a>於1950年代的發展，促進了後來<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="塑膠工業（页面不存在）">塑膠工業</a>的興起<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim20027S_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim20027S-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="近期發展"><span id=".E8.BF.91.E6.9C.9F.E7.99.BC.E5.B1.95"></span>近期發展</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=4" title="编辑章节：近期發展"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>隨著<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="電腦科學">電腦科學</a>的迅速發展，大大簡化了人工計算與手繪的複雜過程。<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%BB%84%E8%AE%A1%E5%88%92" title="人类基因组计划">人類基因組計劃</a>的完成不僅是化學工程學的進步，也被視為是一項<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E7%B5%84%E5%AD%B8" title="基因組學">基因組學</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="基因工程">基因工程</a>的重大發展<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim20029S_16-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim20029S-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。化工原理亦被運用在大量製造<a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E9%85%B8%E5%BA%8F%E5%88%97" title="核酸序列">核酸序列</a><sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003a_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003a-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="基本概念"><span id=".E5.9F.BA.E6.9C.AC.E6.A6.82.E5.BF.B5"></span>基本概念</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=5" title="编辑章节：基本概念"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84265675">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist 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.sidebar-subgroup,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-title-with-pretitle,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-heading,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-above,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar:not(.notheme) .sidebar-below{background:inherit!important;color:inherit!important;border-color:#54595d!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sidebar a:not(.new):not(.mw-selflink):link{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><table class="sidebar nomobile nowraplinks hlist" style="width:18.0em;"><tbody><tr><th class="sidebar-title" style="background:#ccccff;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">化学工程</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-above"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化學工程概要">概要</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="化學工程史">歷史</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化學工程條目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A2%9D%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學工程條目索引（页面不存在）">索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:History of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding:0.2em;"> 基礎</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="化学工业">化學工業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" title="化學工程師">化學工程師</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="化学过程">化學過程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="單元操作">單元操作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化學動力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="输运现象">输运现象</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding:0.2em;"> <a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">單元過程</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="化學工廠">化學工廠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化學反應器">化學反應器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E7%A6%BB%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="分离过程">分離過程</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><th class="sidebar-heading" style="background:#ddddff;padding:0.2em;"> 研究領域</th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="熱傳">熱傳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E5%82%B3" class="mw-redirect" title="質傳">質傳</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="流體力學">流體力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序設計 (化工)">程序設計</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="程序控制">程序控制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化學熱力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化學反應工程">化學反應工程</a></li></ul></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below" style="background:#ddddff;"> <span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Category:化学工程">主分類</a></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="line-height:1.6"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84244141">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:110%;margin:0 8em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:110%;margin:0 5em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Chemical_engineering" title="Template:Chemical engineering"><abbr title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Chemical_engineering" title="Template talk:Chemical engineering"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:Chemical_engineering" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:Chemical engineering"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p>在化學工程中經常會用到下面這些概念： </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="化學反應工程"><span id=".E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E5.8F.8D.E6.87.89.E5.B7.A5.E7.A8.8B"></span>化學反應工程</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=6" title="编辑章节：化學反應工程"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化學反應工程">化學反應工程</a></div> <p>化學工程領域包含控制<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="工廠">工廠</a><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F" class="mw-disambig" title="程序">程序</a>與條件，以確保工廠的最佳運作。化學反應工程師利用實驗室<a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E6%93%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="數據">數據</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化學熱力學</a>的物理<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%83%E6%95%B8" class="mw-redirect mw-disambig" title="參數">參數</a>來建構分析模型或設計<a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" class="mw-disambig" title="反應器">反應器</a>，藉此解決問題、預測反應器之性能。<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarberry20011–2_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTECarberry20011–2-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="程序設計"><span id=".E7.A8.8B.E5.BA.8F.E8.A8.AD.E8.A8.88"></span>程序設計</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=7" title="编辑章节：程序設計"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序設計 (化工)">程序設計 (化工)</a></div> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="單元操作">單元操作</a>是化學工程程序裡的一個<a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86" class="mw-redirect" title="物理">物理</a>步驟，如<a href="/wiki/%E7%B5%90%E6%99%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="結晶">結晶</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E9%81%8E%E6%BF%BE" class="mw-redirect" title="過濾">過濾</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E4%B9%BE%E7%87%A5" class="mw-redirect" title="乾燥">乾燥</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E8%92%B8%E7%99%BC" class="mw-redirect" title="蒸發">蒸發</a>等。綜合運用這些單元操作，得以製備反應物、純化並分離生成物、回收剩餘反應物以及控制反應器中的能量輸送<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCabeSmithHariott19934_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCabeSmithHariott19934-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。另一方面，一個單元的過程與單元操作在化學上是等價的；藉由單元操作，數個單元過程構成了一個整體的處理過程。單元過程，如<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%AE%E5%8C%96" class="mw-redirect" title="氮化">氮化</a>或<a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%A7%E5%8C%96" title="氧化">氧化</a>等，涉及大量的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="生物化學">生物化學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="热化学">熱化學</a>等轉換方式。負責這些的工程師則稱為「程序工程師」<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTESilla20038–9_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTESilla20038–9-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="輸送現象"><span id=".E8.BC.B8.E9.80.81.E7.8F.BE.E8.B1.A1"></span>輸送現象</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=8" title="编辑章节：輸送現象"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主条目：<a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1" class="mw-redirect" title="輸送現象">輸送現象</a></div> <p>輸送現象的運用在<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業">工業</a>生產線上十分常見，包含<a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="流體力學">流體力學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E9%87%8F%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="熱量輸送">熱量輸送</a>以及<a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81" class="mw-redirect" title="質量輸送">質量輸送</a>等部分，其中又涉及<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8B%95%E9%87%8F%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="動量輸送（页面不存在）">動量輸送</a>、<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%83%BD%E9%87%8F%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="能量輸送（页面不存在）">能量輸送</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%89%A9%E8%B3%AA" class="mw-redirect" title="化學物質">化學物質</a>的輸送等等。在表達<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A8%E8%A7%80" class="mw-redirect" title="巨觀">巨觀</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E8%A7%80" title="微觀">微觀</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E5%88%86%E5%AD%90" title="分子">分子</a>等三種不同層級的輸送現象時，所使用基礎方程式十分類似；因此，在學習輸送現象時，需要對其原理及數學式有很全面且通盤的了解。<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBirdStewartLightfoot20021–2_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEBirdStewartLightfoot20021–2-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="應用"><span id=".E6.87.89.E7.94.A8"></span>應用</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=9" title="编辑章节：應用"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Chemengg.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Chemengg.jpg/200px-Chemengg.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="113" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Chemengg.jpg/300px-Chemengg.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/fb/Chemengg.jpg/400px-Chemengg.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1152" data-file-height="648" /></a><figcaption>化學工程師以電腦控制並監控自動化工廠系統。<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" title="化學工程師">化學工程師</a>專門找尋並建構最經濟實惠的生產方式，其考量重點包含<a href="/wiki/%E5%8E%9F%E6%96%99" class="mw-redirect" title="原料">原料</a>與<a href="/wiki/%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="能源">能源</a>等成本問題<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003Article_III_23-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003Article_III-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。化學工程師利用<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="化學">化學</a>及<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="工程學">工程學</a>知識，將未經處理的低價原料以大規模的方式轉換成高價有用的<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%A2%E5%93%81" class="mw-redirect" title="產品">產品</a>，如<a href="/wiki/%E8%97%A5%E7%89%A9" class="mw-redirect" title="藥物">藥物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E5%8C%96" title="石化">石化</a>產品以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="塑膠">塑膠</a>等等。他們也專注於<a href="/wiki/%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93%E7%89%A9%E6%8E%92%E6%94%BE%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" class="mw-redirect" title="污染物排放控制技术">污染物排放</a>與各項研究。在應用及研究方面都需要大量的<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E8%85%A6" class="mw-redirect" title="電腦">電腦</a>協助<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48_22-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>化學工程師可能從事<a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="工業">工業</a>生產或<a href="/wiki/%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF" title="学术">學術</a>研究；他們專門進行設計或實驗，以找尋並建立更優良的生產方式、汙染控制、節約資源以及安全提升。他們也許是專門設計並建構工廠的<a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%B0%88%E6%A1%88%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="專案工程師（页面不存在）">專案工程師</a>。在化工領域，工程師們運用其專業知識來選擇工廠設備、控制生產產量與成本的最大化及最小化，並從事後續工廠的升級與維護。<sup id="cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarner200349–50_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarner200349–50-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> 化學工程師也許一輩子受雇管理工廠運作；相反地，也有可能成為專業<a href="/wiki/%E9%A1%A7%E5%95%8F" title="顧問">顧問</a>，處理並協助化工相關問題。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="成為化學工程師"><span id=".E6.88.90.E7.82.BA.E5.8C.96.E5.AD.B8.E5.B7.A5.E7.A8.8B.E5.B8.AB"></span>成為化學工程師</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=10" title="编辑章节：成為化學工程師"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>通常至少需大學學歷，擁有相關證照便有加分效果，如化學乙、丙級，化工乙、丙級，以化學丙級為其基礎最為重要 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="研究領域"><span id=".E7.A0.94.E7.A9.B6.E9.A0.98.E5.9F.9F"></span>研究領域</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=11" title="编辑章节：研究領域"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>今天，化學工程學的研究十分多樣化，涵蓋了傳統<a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" title="化学工业">化學工業</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="材料科學">材料科學</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="生物技術">生物技術</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A5%88%E7%B1%B3%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="mw-redirect" title="奈米技術">奈米技術</a>等眾多領域。 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r82553231">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{display:block!important;width:100%!important;padding:0!important}}.mw-parser-output table.multicol{border:0;border-collapse:collapse;background-color:transparent;color:inherit;padding:0}.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tr>td,.mw-parser-output table.multicol>tbody>tr>td{vertical-align:top!important}</style> </p> <div>   <table 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href="/wiki/%E5%82%AC%E5%8C%96" title="催化">催化</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%99%B6%E7%93%B7" class="mw-disambig" title="陶瓷">陶瓷</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化工流程建模（页面不存在）">化工流程建模</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%B0%88%E5%AE%B6&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化工技術專家（页面不存在）">化工技術專家</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化學反應器">化學反應器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E6%AD%A6%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="化學武器">化學武器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="化学信息学">化學信息學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="計算流體力學">計算流體力學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%98%B2%E8%85%90%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="防腐工程（页面不存在）">防腐工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%88%90%E6%9C%AC%E4%BC%B0%E7%AE%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="成本估算（页面不存在）">成本估算</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%B5%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="电化学">電化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="环境工程">環境工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%B0%E9%9C%87%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="地震工程">地震工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B4%B9%E6%89%98%E5%90%88%E6%88%90" title="费托合成">費托合成</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%86%B1%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="熱力學">熱力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="输运现象">輸運現象</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="單元操作">單元操作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E9%AB%94%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="流體力學">流體力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="食品工程">食品工程</a></li> 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A5%88%E7%B1%B3%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="奈米科學（页面不存在）">奈米科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%87%AA%E7%84%B6%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83" class="mw-redirect" title="自然環境">自然環境</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%A4%A9%E7%84%B6%E6%B0%A3%E5%8A%A0%E5%B7%A5&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="天然氣加工（页面不存在）">天然氣加工</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A0%B8%E7%87%83%E6%96%99%E5%86%8D%E5%A4%84%E7%90%86" title="核燃料再处理">核燃料再處理</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%92%BB%E6%8E%A2" title="钻探">鑽探</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%85%89%E6%B2%B9%E5%BB%A0" title="煉油廠">煉油</a></li></ul> <p>  </p> </td> <td> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%A3%BD%E8%97%A5%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="製藥工程">製藥工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E6%96%99%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="塑料工程">塑料工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9" title="聚合物">聚合物</a>、<a href="/wiki/%E5%A1%91%E8%86%A0" class="mw-redirect" title="塑膠">塑膠</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" class="mw-redirect" title="程序控制">程序控制</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序設計 (化工)">程序設計</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%B5%81%E7%A8%8B%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="流程模擬（页面不存在）">流程模擬</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="程序工程（页面不存在）">程序工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%9C%80%E5%B0%8F%E5%8C%96%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="最小化程序（页面不存在）">最小化程序</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%80%A0%E7%B4%99%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="造紙工程（页面不存在）">造紙工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="安全工程">安全工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%AF%BC%E4%BD%93%E5%99%A8%E4%BB%B6%E5%88%B6%E9%80%A0" title="半导体器件制造">半導體器件製造</a></li> <li><a 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href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E9%81%8E%E7%A8%8B%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化學過程模擬器列表（页面不存在）">化學過程模擬器列表</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考文献"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.96.87.E7.8C.AE"></span>参考文献</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=13" title="编辑章节：参考文献"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-3" style="-moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996172–173-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996172–173_1-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第172–173頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996175-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996175_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第175頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176_3-0"><sup><b>3.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001176_3-1"><sup><b>3.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReynolds2001">Reynolds 2001</a>，第176頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996178-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996178_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第178頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996180-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996180_5-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第180頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996183-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996183_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第183頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996184-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996184_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第184頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996187-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996187_8-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第187頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996189-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996189_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第189頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996190-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996190_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第190頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECohen1996185-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECohen1996185_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCohen1996">Cohen 1996</a>，第185頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerkins200330-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerkins200330_12-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPerkins2003">Perkins 2003</a>，第30頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001177-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEReynolds2001177_13-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFReynolds2001">Reynolds 2001</a>，第177頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEPerkins200332–33-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEPerkins200332–33_14-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFPerkins2003">Perkins 2003</a>，第32–33頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim20027S-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim20027S_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKim2002">Kim 2002</a>，第7S頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEKim20029S-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEKim20029S_16-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFKim2002">Kim 2002</a>，第9S頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003a-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003a_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003a">American Institute of Chemical Engineers 2003a</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTECarberry20011–2-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTECarberry20011–2_18-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFCarberry2001">Carberry 2001</a>，第1–2頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEMcCabeSmithHariott19934-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEMcCabeSmithHariott19934_19-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFMcCabeSmithHariott1993">McCabe, Smith & Hariott 1993</a>，第4頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTESilla20038–9-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTESilla20038–9_20-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFSilla2003">Silla 2003</a>，第8–9頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEBirdStewartLightfoot20021–2-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEBirdStewartLightfoot20021–2_21-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFBirdStewartLightfoot2002">Bird, Stewart & Lightfoot 2002</a>，第1–2頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48_22-0"><sup><b>22.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarner200347–48_22-1"><sup><b>22.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarner2003">Garner 2003</a>，第47–48頁.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003Article_III-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003Article_III_23-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003">American Institute of Chemical Engineers 2003</a>，Article III.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FOOTNOTEGarner200349–50-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FOOTNOTEGarner200349–50_24-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#CITEREFGarner2003">Garner 2003</a>，第49–50頁.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="參考書目"><span id=".E5.8F.83.E8.80.83.E6.9B.B8.E7.9B.AE"></span>參考書目</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&section=14" title="编辑章节：參考書目"><span>编辑</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r80540462">.mw-parser-output .refbegin{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul{margin-left:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{margin-left:0;padding-left:3.2em;text-indent:-3.2em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul,.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents ul li{list-style:none}@media(max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .refbegin-hanging-indents>ul>li{padding-left:1.6em;text-indent:-1.6em}}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns ul{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .refbegin-100{font-size:100%}</style><div class="refbegin columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em;"> <ul><li><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003" class="citation">American Institute of Chemical Engineers, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110813121650/http://www.aiche.org/About/WhoWeAre/Governance/Constitution.aspx">AIChE Constitution</a>, 2003-01-17 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-08-13</span>]</span>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.aiche.org/About/WhoWeAre/Governance/Constitution.aspx">原始内容</a>存档于2011-08-13）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.au=American+Institute+of+Chemical+Engineers&rft.btitle=AIChE+Constitution&rft.date=2003-01-17&rft.genre=book&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.aiche.org%2FAbout%2FWhoWeAre%2FGovernance%2FConstitution.aspx&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFBirdStewartLightfoot2002" class="citation">Bird, R. Byron; Stewart, Warren E.; Lightfoot, Edwin N., Kulek, Petrina , 编, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=L5FnNlIaGfcC">Transport Phenomena</a> 2nd, United States: John Wiley & Sons, 2002 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-471-41077-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-471-41077-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-471-41077-2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/2001023739"><span title="美国国会图书馆控制码">LCCN 2001023739</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国会图书馆图书分类法">LCC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=QA929.B%25+2001&Search_Code=CALL_&CNT=5">QA929.B% 2001</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804174117/https://books.google.com/books?id=L5FnNlIaGfcC">存档</a>于2020-08-04）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.au=Lightfoot%2C+Edwin+N.&rft.au=Stewart%2C+Warren+E.&rft.aufirst=R.+Byron&rft.aulast=Bird&rft.btitle=Transport+Phenomena&rft.date=2002&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-471-41077-2&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=John+Wiley+%26+Sons&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DL5FnNlIaGfcC&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2001023739&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCarberry2001" class="citation">Carberry, James J., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=arJLaKa4yDQC">Chemical and Catalytic Reaction Engineering</a>, McGraw-Hill Chemical Engineering Series, Canada: General Publishing Company, 2001-07-24 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-486-41736-0" title="Special:网络书源/0-486-41736-0"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-486-41736-0</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/2001017315"><span title="美国国会图书馆控制码">LCCN 2001017315</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国会图书馆图书分类法">LCC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=TP155.7.C37+2001&Search_Code=CALL_&CNT=5">TP155.7.C37 2001</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170331093507/https://books.google.com/books?id=arJLaKa4yDQC">存档</a>于2017-03-31）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.aufirst=James+J.&rft.aulast=Carberry&rft.btitle=Chemical+and+Catalytic+Reaction+Engineering&rft.date=2001-07-24&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-486-41736-0&rft.place=Canada&rft.pub=General+Publishing+Company&rft.series=McGraw-Hill+Chemical+Engineering+Series&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DarJLaKa4yDQC&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2001017315&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFCohen1996" class="citation">Cohen, Clive, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20120601010443/http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~che/links/The%20early%20history%20of%20chemical%20engineering-%20a%20reassessment.pdf">The Early History of Chemical Engineering: A Reassessment</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Br._J._Hist._Sci.&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Br. J. Hist. Sci.（页面不存在）">Br. J. Hist. Sci.</a> (Cambridge University Press), June 1996, <b>29</b> (2) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.jstor.org/stable/4027832"><span title="JSTOR">JSTOR 4027832</span></a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1017%2FS000708740003421X"><span title="數位物件識別號">doi:10.1017/S000708740003421X</span></a>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~che/links/The%20early%20history%20of%20chemical%20engineering-%20a%20reassessment.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2012-06-01）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.atitle=The+Early+History+of+Chemical+Engineering%3A+A+Reassessment&rft.aufirst=Clive&rft.aulast=Cohen&rft.date=1996-06&rft.genre=article&rft.issue=2&rft.jtitle=Br.+J.+Hist.+Sci.&rft.volume=29&rft_id=%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F4027832&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruf.rice.edu%2F~che%2Flinks%2FThe%2520early%2520history%2520of%2520chemical%2520engineering-%2520a%2520reassessment.pdf&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1017%2FS000708740003421X&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite class="citation"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20100725005612/http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~che/research/white_paper_1.html">Engineering the Future of Biology and Biotechnology</a>, <a href="/wiki/Rice_University" class="mw-redirect" title="Rice University">Rice University</a>, <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2011-08-07</span>]</span>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ruf.rice.edu/~che/research/white_paper_1.html">原始内容</a>存档于2010-07-25）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.btitle=Engineering+the+Future+of+Biology+and+Biotechnology&rft.genre=book&rft.pub=Rice+University&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ruf.rice.edu%2F~che%2Fresearch%2Fwhite_paper_1.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFGarner2003" class="citation">Garner, Geraldine O., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=6-c4P223B1YC">Careers in engineering</a>, VGM Professional Career Series 2nd, United States: McGraw-Hill, 2003 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-07-139041-3" title="Special:网络书源/0-07-139041-3"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-07-139041-3</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/2002027208"><span title="美国国会图书馆控制码">LCCN 2002027208</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国会图书馆图书分类法">LCC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=TA157.G3267+2002&Search_Code=CALL_&CNT=5">TA157.G3267 2002</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727210721/https://books.google.com/books?id=6-c4P223B1YC">存档</a>于2020-07-27）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.aufirst=Geraldine+O.&rft.aulast=Garner&rft.btitle=Careers+in+engineering&rft.date=2003&rft.edition=2nd&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-07-139041-3&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.series=VGM+Professional+Career+Series&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D6-c4P223B1YC&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F2002027208&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFKim2002" class="citation">Kim, Irene, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040821044114/http://www.clarkson.edu/~wilcox/Design/evolvche.pdf">Chemical engineering: A rich and diverse history</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, Chemical Engineering Progress (Philadelphia: American Institute of Chemical Engineers), January 2002, <b>98</b> (1) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0360-7275"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0360-7275</span></a>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clarkson.edu/~wilcox/Design/evolvche.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2004-08-21）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.atitle=Chemical+engineering%3A+A+rich+and+diverse+history&rft.aufirst=Irene&rft.aulast=Kim&rft.date=2002-01&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0360-7275&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Engineering+Progress&rft.volume=98&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarkson.edu%2F~wilcox%2FDesign%2Fevolvche.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFMcCabeSmithHariott1993" class="citation">McCabe, Warren L.; Smith, Julian C.; Hariott, Peter, Clark, B.J.; Castellano, Eleanor , 编, Unit Operations of Chemical Engineering, McGraw-Hill Chemical Engineering Series 5th, Singapore: McGraw-Hill, 1993, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-07-044844-2" title="Special:网络书源/0-07-044844-2"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-07-044844-2</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/92036218"><span title="美国国会图书馆控制码">LCCN 92036218</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国会图书馆图书分类法">LCC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=TP155.7.M393+1993&Search_Code=CALL_&CNT=5">TP155.7.M393 1993</a>,</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.au=Hariott%2C+Peter&rft.au=Smith%2C+Julian+C.&rft.aufirst=Warren+L.&rft.aulast=McCabe&rft.btitle=Unit+Operations+of+Chemical+Engineering&rft.date=1993&rft.edition=5th&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-07-044844-2&rft.place=Singapore&rft.pub=McGraw-Hill&rft.series=McGraw-Hill+Chemical+Engineering+Series&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F92036218&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFOgawa2007" class="citation">Ogawa, Kōhei, Chapter 1: Information Entropy, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=3oWkzyazNCgC">Chemical engineering: a new perspective</a> 1st, Netherlands: Elsevier, 2007 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-444-53096-7" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-444-53096-7"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-444-53096-7</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201001150455/https://books.google.com/books?id=3oWkzyazNCgC">存档</a>于2020-10-01）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.atitle=Chapter+1%3A+Information+Entropy&rft.aufirst=K%C5%8Dhei&rft.aulast=Ogawa&rft.btitle=Chemical+engineering%3A+a+new+perspective&rft.date=2007&rft.edition=1st&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=978-0-444-53096-7&rft.place=Netherlands&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D3oWkzyazNCgC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFPerkins2003" class="citation">Perkins, J.D., <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.scribd.com/doc/7011048/Chemical-Engineering-the-First-1-O0-Years">Chapter 2: Chemical Engineering — the First 100 Years</a>, Darton, R.C.; Prince, R.G.H.; Wood, D.G. (编), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=VCLt0shyTQMC">Chemical Engineering: Visions of the World</a> 1st, Netherlands: Elsevier Science, 2003 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-444-51309-4" title="Special:网络书源/0-444-51309-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-444-51309-4</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201211112130/https://books.google.com/books?id=VCLt0shyTQMC">存档</a>于2020-12-11）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.atitle=Chapter+2%3A+Chemical+Engineering+%E2%80%94+the+First+100+Years&rft.aufirst=J.D.&rft.aulast=Perkins&rft.btitle=Chemical+Engineering%3A+Visions+of+the+World&rft.date=2003&rft.edition=1st&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=0-444-51309-4&rft.place=Netherlands&rft.pub=Elsevier+Science&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.scribd.com%2Fdoc%2F7011048%2FChemical-Engineering-the-First-1-O0-Years&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFReynolds2001" class="citation">Reynolds, Terry S., Engineering, Chemical, Rothenberg, Marc (编), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=K1fXRZIosJMC">History of Science in United States: An Encyclopedia</a>, New York City: Garland Publishing, 2001 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-8153-0762-4" title="Special:网络书源/0-8153-0762-4"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-8153-0762-4</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://lccn.loc.gov/99043757"><span title="美国国会图书馆控制码">LCCN 99043757</span></a>, <a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E4%BC%9A%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E9%A6%86%E5%9B%BE%E4%B9%A6%E5%88%86%E7%B1%BB%E6%B3%95" class="mw-redirect" title="美国国会图书馆图书分类法">LCC</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalog.loc.gov/cgi-bin/Pwebrecon.cgi?Search_Arg=Q127.U6+H57+2000&Search_Code=CALL_&CNT=5">Q127.U6 H57 2000</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200918114229/https://books.google.com/books?id=K1fXRZIosJMC">存档</a>于2020-09-18）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.atitle=Engineering%2C+Chemical&rft.aufirst=Terry+S.&rft.aulast=Reynolds&rft.btitle=History+of+Science+in+United+States%3A+An+Encyclopedia&rft.date=2001&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.isbn=0-8153-0762-4&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Garland+Publishing&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DK1fXRZIosJMC&rft_id=info%3Alccn%2F99043757&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFSilla2003" class="citation">Silla, Harry, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=lWmIX0r-XggC">Chemical Process Engineering: Design and Economics</a>, New York City: Marcel Dekker, 2003 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/0-8247-4274-5" title="Special:网络书源/0-8247-4274-5"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 0-8247-4274-5</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200726120358/https://books.google.com/books?id=lWmIX0r-XggC">存档</a>于2020-07-26）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.aufirst=Harry&rft.aulast=Silla&rft.btitle=Chemical+Process+Engineering%3A+Design+and+Economics&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=0-8247-4274-5&rft.place=New+York+City&rft.pub=Marcel+Dekker&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DlWmIX0r-XggC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFAmerican_Institute_of_Chemical_Engineers2003a" class="citation">American Institute of Chemical Engineers, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20040821044114/http://www.clarkson.edu/~wilcox/Design/evolvche.pdf">Speeding up the human genome project</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>, Chemical Engineering Progress (Philadelphia), 2003a, <b>99</b> (1) <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/issn/0360-7275"><span title="国际标准连续出版物号">ISSN 0360-7275</span></a>, （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.clarkson.edu/~wilcox/Design/evolvche.pdf">原始内容</a> <span style="font-size:85%;">(PDF)</span>存档于2004-08-21）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.atitle=Speeding+up+the+human+genome+project&rft.au=American+Institute+of+Chemical+Engineers&rft.date=2003&rft.genre=article&rft.issn=0360-7275&rft.issue=1&rft.jtitle=Chemical+Engineering+Progress&rft.volume=99&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.clarkson.edu%2F~wilcox%2FDesign%2Fevolvche.pdf&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li> <li><cite id="CITEREFTowlerSinnott2008" class="citation">Towler, Gavin; Sinnott, Ray, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?id=EkK8X54BsTIC">Chemical engineering design: principles, practice and economics of plant and process design</a>, United States: Elsevier, 2008 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2015-02-04</span>]</span>, <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/978-0-7506-8423-1" title="Special:网络书源/978-0-7506-8423-1"><span title="国际标准书号">ISBN</span> 978-0-7506-8423-1</a>, （原始内容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201210134457/https://books.google.com/books?id=EkK8X54BsTIC">存档</a>于2020-12-10）</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&rft.au=Sinnott%2C+Ray&rft.aufirst=Gavin&rft.aulast=Towler&rft.btitle=Chemical+engineering+design%3A+principles%2C+practice+and+economics+of+plant+and+process+design&rft.date=2008&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=978-0-7506-8423-1&rft.place=United+States&rft.pub=Elsevier&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DEkK8X54BsTIC&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span>.</li></ul> </div> <div style="clear: both; height: 1em"></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><style 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title="查看该模板">查</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Template talk:化学工程"><abbr title="讨论该模板">论</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BC%96%E8%BE%91%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/Template:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Special:编辑页面/Template:化学工程"><abbr title="编辑该模板">编</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="化学工程" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">化学工程</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">历史</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程史" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="History of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%8F%B2" title="化學工程史">化学工程史</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:History of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">History of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td><td class="noviewer navbox-image" rowspan="8" style="width:1px;padding:0px 0px 0px 2px"><div><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:PlatformHolly.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/170px-PlatformHolly.jpg" decoding="async" width="170" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/255px-PlatformHolly.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/81/PlatformHolly.jpg/340px-PlatformHolly.jpg 2x" data-file-width="480" data-file-height="360" /></a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B3%AA%E9%87%8F%E5%B9%B3%E8%A1%A1" title="質量平衡">質量平衡</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB" title="化學工程師">化学工程师</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="化学过程">化学过程</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">单元操作</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E7%83%AD" title="传热">传热</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%A0%E8%B4%A8" title="传质">传质</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C" title="单元操作">力学操作</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%95%E5%85%83%E8%BF%87%E7%A8%8B" title="单元过程">单元过程</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="化學反應工程">化學反應工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%8A%A8%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学动力学">化学动力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E5%BB%BA%E6%A8%A1" title="化學程序建模">化學程序建模</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">化学技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%8F%8D%E6%87%89%E5%99%A8" title="化學反應器">化學反應器</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">分支學科</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88_(%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5)" title="程序設計 (化工)">工艺流程设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B5%81%E4%BD%93%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="流体力学">流体力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E5%BB%A0" title="化學工廠">化工厂设计</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E7%83%AD%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%A6" title="化学热力学">化学热力学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%93%E8%BF%90%E7%8E%B0%E8%B1%A1" title="输运现象">传输现象</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程概要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化學工程概要">*更多*</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">工業應用</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%B3%E6%B2%B9%E7%82%BC%E5%88%B6%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="石油炼制工业">石油煉製工業</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%B6%E9%87%91%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="冶金工程">冶金工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A" class="mw-redirect" title="食品工业">食品工業</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">教育及書籍</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BC%B8%E9%80%81%E7%8F%BE%E8%B1%A1_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="輸送現象 (書)">輸送現象</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%85%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7%E6%8B%9C%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%9F%8F%E5%BE%B7" title="羅伯特·拜倫·柏德">柏德</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%96%AE%E5%85%83%E6%93%8D%E4%BD%9C_(%E6%9B%B8)" title="化學工程單元操作 (書)">化學工程單元操作</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B2%83%E5%80%AB%C2%B7%E6%9D%8E%C2%B7%E9%BA%A5%E5%87%B1%E5%B8%83" title="沃倫·李·麥凱布">麥凱布</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%AB%E6%89%8B%E5%86%8A" title="佩里化學工程師手冊">佩里化學工程師手冊</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BD%97%E4%BC%AF%E7%89%B9%C2%B7H%C2%B7%E4%BD%A9%E9%87%8C" title="罗伯特·H·佩里">佩里</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程概要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of chemical engineering"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%A6%82%E8%A6%81" title="化學工程概要">化学工程概要</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_chemical_engineering" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of chemical engineering"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of chemical engineering</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程条目索引" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Index of chemical engineering articles"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E6%9D%A1%E7%9B%AE%E7%B4%A2%E5%BC%95&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程条目索引（页面不存在）">化学工程条目索引</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Index_of_chemical_engineering_articles" class="extiw" title="en:Index of chemical engineering articles"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Index of chemical engineering articles</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程师教育" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Education for Chemical Engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程师教育（页面不存在）">化学工程师教育</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Education_for_Chemical_Engineers" class="extiw" title="en:Education for Chemical Engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Education for Chemical Engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="化学工程师列表" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="List of chemical engineers"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%B8%88%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="化学工程师列表（页面不存在）">化学工程师列表</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_chemical_engineers" class="extiw" title="en:List of chemical engineers"><span lang="en" dir="auto">List of chemical engineers</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8%E6%9C%83%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="化學工程學會列表">化学工程學会列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8%E7%A8%8B%E5%BA%8F%E6%A8%A1%E6%93%AC%E5%99%A8%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="化學程序模擬器列表">化学程序模拟器列表</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="3"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Category:化学工程">化学工程分类</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span><b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="Portal:工程">工程主题</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="技术" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist 臺 mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84244141"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist 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href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="生物信息学">生物信息学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E6%AA%A2%E9%A9%97&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生物檢驗（页面不存在）">生物檢驗</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%86%AB%E7%99%82%E8%A1%9B%E7%94%9F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="醫療衛生科學">醫療衛生科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A5%9E%E7%BB%8F%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="神经科学">神经科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="纳米医学">纳米医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8C%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="医学">医学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%8D%AF%E5%AD%A6" title="药学">药学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%A4%E7%90%86%E5%AD%A6" title="护理学">护理学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E5%9B%A0%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="基因工程">基因工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%A6" title="组织工程学">组织工程学</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物化工程（页面不存在）">物化工程</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E5%8C%96%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物化技術（页面不存在）">物化技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="物理化学">物理化學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物理工程學（页面不存在）">物理工程學</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%89%A9%E7%90%86%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="物理技術（页面不存在）">物理技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%A6" title="材料化学">材料化學</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="農業">農業</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E8%BE%B2%E6%A5%AD%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" class="mw-redirect" title="農業工程">農業工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%8C%96%E5%AD%B8" title="食品化學">食品化學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="食品工程">食品工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="食品技术">食品技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B4%E7%94%A2%E9%A4%8A%E6%AE%96" title="水產養殖">水產養殖</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%BC%81%E6%A5%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="漁業">水產學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%87%9F%E9%A4%8A%E5%AD%B8" title="營養學">營養學</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="食品微生物學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Food microbiology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%A3%9F%E5%93%81%E5%BE%AE%E7%94%9F%E7%89%A9%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="食品微生物學（页面不存在）">食品微生物學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Food_microbiology" class="extiw" title="en:Food microbiology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Food microbiology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="遺傳利用限制技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Genetic use restriction technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E9%81%BA%E5%82%B3%E5%88%A9%E7%94%A8%E9%99%90%E5%88%B6%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="遺傳利用限制技術（页面不存在）">遺傳利用限制技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_use_restriction_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Genetic use restriction technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Genetic use restriction technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="環境科技">環境科技</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%A0%E8%89%B2%E5%BB%BA%E7%AF%89" title="綠色建築">綠色建築</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%AF%E5%86%8D%E7%94%9F%E8%83%BD%E6%BA%90" title="可再生能源">可再生能源</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%B0%B8%E7%BA%8C%E8%A8%AD%E8%A8%88" title="永續設計">永續設計</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%8E%AF%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="环境工程">環境工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="生態工程">生態工程</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="潔淨科技" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Clean technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%BD%94%E6%B7%A8%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="潔淨科技（页面不存在）">潔淨科技</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clean_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Clean technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Clean technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="生態技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ecotechnology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%94%9F%E6%85%8B%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="生態技術（页面不存在）">生態技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ecotechnology" class="extiw" title="en:Ecotechnology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ecotechnology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="環境工程科學" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Environmental engineering science"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="環境工程科學（页面不存在）">環境工程科學</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Environmental_engineering_science" class="extiw" title="en:Environmental engineering science"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Environmental engineering science</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="教育科技">教育技術學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="教育科技">教育技術學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="線上學習">線上學習</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="教育軟體" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Educational software"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2%E8%BB%9F%E9%AB%94&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="教育軟體（页面不存在）">教育軟體</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Educational_software" class="extiw" title="en:Educational software"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Educational software</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="虛擬校園" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Virtual campus"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%99%9B%E6%93%AC%E6%A0%A1%E5%9C%92&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="虛擬校園（页面不存在）">虛擬校園</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_campus" class="extiw" title="en:Virtual campus"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Virtual campus</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%87%89%E7%94%A8%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" title="應用科學">應用科學</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%A6%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="光学工程">光学工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%89%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="光學">光學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%B2%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="聲學">聲學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8A%9B%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="力學">力學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%83%AD%E5%AD%A6" title="热学">熱學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%B8" title="電學">電學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A3%81" title="磁">磁學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E7%A3%81%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="電磁學">電磁學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9D%90%E6%96%99%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6" title="材料科学">材料科学</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%BA%B3%E7%B1%B3%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="纳米技术">纳米技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BE%AE%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="微技术">微技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%8A%E5%B0%8E%E9%AB%94" class="mw-redirect" title="半導體">半導體物理學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%92%B0%E5%A2%83%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="環境科學">環境科學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%80%83%E5%8F%A4%E5%AD%A6" title="考古学">考古学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B" title="軍事">軍事</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%86%9B%E4%BA%8B%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%B8%8E%E8%A3%85%E5%A4%87%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="军事技术与装备列表">軍事技術</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍事通信" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Military communications"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E4%BA%8B%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軍事通信（页面不存在）">軍事通信</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Military_communications" class="extiw" title="en:Military communications"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Military communications</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%BD%88%E8%97%A5" title="彈藥">彈藥</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%82%B8%E5%BC%B9" title="炸弹">炸弹</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E4%BD%9C%E6%88%B0" title="電子作戰">電子作戰</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BD%8E%E5%8F%AF%E5%81%B5%E6%B8%AC%E6%80%A7%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="低可偵測性技術">低可偵測性技術</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B5" title="工兵">工兵</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他領域</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E5%99%A8%E4%BA%BA%E5%AD%A6" title="机器人学">機器人學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9C%BA%E6%A2%B0%E7%94%B5%E5%AD%90%E5%AD%A6" title="机械电子学">機械電子學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="系统工程">系统工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%9B%8B%E7%99%BD%E8%B3%AA%E7%B5%84%E5%AD%B8" class="mw-redirect" title="蛋白質組學">蛋白質組學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%81%9A%E5%90%88%E7%89%A9%E5%B7%A5%E7%A8%8B" title="聚合物工程">聚合物工程</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B3%BB%E7%B5%B1%E5%88%86%E9%A1%9E%E5%AD%B8" title="系統分類學">系統分類學</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%91%E8%9E%8D%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="金融科技">金融科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%87%87%E7%9F%BF%E4%B8%9A" title="采矿业">采矿业</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">組件</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%BA%E7%A4%8E%E8%A8%AD%E6%96%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="基礎設施">基礎設施</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%99%BC%E6%98%8E" class="mw-redirect" title="發明">發明</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8F%91%E6%98%8E%E5%B9%B4%E8%A1%A8" title="发明年表">發明年表</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%9F%A5%E8%AD%98" class="mw-redirect" title="知識">知識</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%A9%9F%E5%99%A8" class="mw-redirect" title="機器">機器</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%83%BD" title="技能">技能</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E8%97%9D" class="mw-redirect" title="工藝">工藝</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%B7%A5%E5%85%B7" title="工具">工具</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%8F%B2" title="技术史">技术史</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="史前技术纲要" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Outline of prehistoric technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%B2%E5%89%8D%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%BA%B2%E8%A6%81&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="史前技术纲要（页面不存在）">史前技术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Outline_of_prehistoric_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Outline of prehistoric technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Outline of prehistoric technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E7%9F%B3%E5%99%A8%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="新石器革命">新石器革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="古代技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ancient technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%8F%A4%E4%BB%A3%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="古代技術（页面不存在）">古代技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ancient_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ancient technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ancient technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="中世紀技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Medieval technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E4%B8%AD%E4%B8%96%E7%B4%80%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="中世紀技術（页面不存在）">中世紀技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medieval_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Medieval technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Medieval technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="文藝復興技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Renaissance technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%96%87%E8%97%9D%E5%BE%A9%E8%88%88%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="文藝復興技術（页面不存在）">文藝復興技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Renaissance_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Renaissance technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Renaissance technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%B8%80%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第一次工业革命">第一次工业革命</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="噴氣時代" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Jet Age"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%99%B4%E6%B0%A3%E6%99%82%E4%BB%A3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="噴氣時代（页面不存在）">噴氣時代</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jet_Age" class="extiw" title="en:Jet Age"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Jet Age</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E4%BA%8C%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E4%B8%9A%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第二次工业革命">第二次工业革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%95%B8%E5%AD%97%E5%8C%96%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="數字化革命">第三次工業革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%A1%E6%81%AF%E6%97%B6%E4%BB%A3" title="信息时代">信息时代</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%AC%AC%E5%9B%9B%E6%AC%A1%E5%B7%A5%E6%A5%AD%E9%9D%A9%E5%91%BD" title="第四次工業革命">第四次工業革命</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%AF%E7%B6%B2%E6%B3%A1%E6%B2%AB" title="互聯網泡沫">互聯網泡沫</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0" title="破壞性創新">破壞性創新</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%85%B1%E4%BA%AB%E7%B6%93%E6%BF%9F" title="共享經濟">共享經濟</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A4%BE%E4%BA%A4%E7%B6%B2%E8%B7%AF%E6%9C%8D%E5%8B%99" title="社交網路服務">社交網路服務</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E9%9B%B6%E5%94%AE" title="新零售">新零售</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O2O" title="O2O">O2O</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">信息技术教育</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E7%B7%9A%E4%B8%8A%E5%AD%B8%E7%BF%92" title="線上學習">線上學習</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E8%A7%84%E6%A8%A1%E5%BC%80%E6%94%BE%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF%E8%AF%BE%E5%A0%82" title="大规模开放在线课堂">大规模开放在线课堂</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%90%86%E5%B7%A5%E7%A7%91" title="理工科">STEM教育</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E8%B3%87%E8%A8%8A%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E6%95%99%E8%82%B2" title="Category:資訊科技教育">Category:資訊科技教育</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術理論" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Theories of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%90%86%E8%AB%96&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技術理論（页面不存在）">理論</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Theories_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Theories of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Theories of technology</span></a></span>）</span></span><br />和概念</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技術倫理" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Ethics of technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%80%AB%E7%90%86&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技術倫理（页面不存在）">技術倫理</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethics_of_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Ethics of technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Ethics of technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E4%BC%9A%E5%BB%BA%E6%9E%84" title="技术的社会建构">技术的社会建构</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E7%9A%84%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%83%E5%BD%A2%E5%A1%91" title="技術的社會形塑">技術的社會形塑</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%86%B3%E5%AE%9A%E8%AE%BA" title="技术决定论">技术决定论</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E4%B8%AD%E7%AB%8B%E5%8E%9F%E5%89%87" title="技術中立原則">技術中立原則</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%B6%85%E4%BA%BA%E7%B1%BB%E4%B8%BB%E4%B9%89" title="超人类主义">超人类主义</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%8E%A5%E5%8F%97%E6%A8%A1%E5%9E%8B" title="技术接受模型">技术接受模型</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%93%E5%AE%B6%E7%BB%9F%E6%B2%BB" title="专家统治">专家统治</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E5%A5%87%E7%82%B9" title="技术奇点">技术奇点</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%88%90%E7%86%9F%E5%BA%A6%E6%9B%B2%E7%BA%BF" title="技术成熟度曲线">技术成熟度曲线</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="技术类别" data-lang-code="d" data-lang-name="維基數據" data-foreign-title="Q112057532"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E7%B1%BB%E5%88%AB&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="技术类别（页面不存在）">技术类别</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">維基數據所列</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q112057532" class="extiw" title="d:Q112057532"><span lang="d" dir="auto">Q112057532</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="軍民兩用技術" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英语" data-foreign-title="Dual-use technology"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E8%BB%8D%E6%B0%91%E5%85%A9%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="軍民兩用技術（页面不存在）">軍民兩用技術</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dual-use_technology" class="extiw" title="en:Dual-use technology"><span lang="en" dir="auto">Dual-use technology</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%AB%98%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="高科技">高科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E7%A0%B4%E5%A3%9E%E6%80%A7%E5%89%B5%E6%96%B0" title="破壞性創新">破壞性創新</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%82%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="适用技术">适用技术</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="通用技术">通用技术</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="关键技术" data-lang-code="de" data-lang-name="德语" data-foreign-title="Schlüsseltechnologie"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%85%B3%E9%94%AE%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="关键技术（页面不存在）">关键技术</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">德语</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Schl%C3%BCsseltechnologie" class="extiw" title="de:Schlüsseltechnologie"><span lang="de" dir="auto">Schlüsseltechnologie</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0px;padding:0.25em 0; line-height:1.4em;"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E5%85%B4%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="新兴技术">新兴技术</a><a href="/wiki/%E6%96%B0%E8%88%88%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="新興技術列表">列表</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E5%8D%A1%E5%B0%94%E8%BE%BE%E8%82%96%E5%A4%AB%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B0" title="卡尔达肖夫指数">卡尔达肖夫指数</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E5%90%84%E5%9B%BD%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80" title="Category:各国科技">Category:各国科技</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:%E7%A7%91%E6%8A%80%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8" title="Category:科技公司">Category:科技公司</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E4%BC%A0%E6%92%AD%E8%80%85" title="技术传播者">技术传播者</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF%E6%96%B0%E9%97%BB%E5%AD%A6" title="技术新闻学">技术新闻学</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="分类"><img alt="分类" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Category:%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF" title="Category:技术">Category:技术</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="共享资源页面"><img alt="共享资源页面" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span> <b><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:技術">commons:Category:技術</a></b></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="主题"><img alt="主题" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/16px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/23px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Symbol_portal_class.svg/31px-Symbol_portal_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <b><a href="/wiki/Portal:%E6%8A%80%E8%A1%93" title="Portal:技術">技術主題</a></b></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style 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title="Help:规范控制">规范控制数据库</a> <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83588#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據鏈接"><img alt="編輯維基數據鏈接" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">国际</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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