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<div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Treaty</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">For broader coverage of this topic, see <a href="/wiki/Radio_regulation" title="Radio regulation">Radio regulation</a>.</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1251242444">.mw-parser-output .ambox{border:1px solid #a2a9b1;border-left:10px solid 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references</a>.</span> <span class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">September 2020</span>)</i></span><span class="hide-when-compact"><i> (<small><a href="/wiki/Help:Maintenance_template_removal" title="Help:Maintenance template removal">Learn how and when to remove this message</a></small>)</i></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <table border="2" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="1" bgcolor="#6688AA" style="float:right; margin-left:15px"> <tbody><tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <th colspan="2"><figure class="mw-halign-center" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/45px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png" decoding="async" width="45" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/68px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg/90px-Emblem_of_the_United_Nations.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="436" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure> </th></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2">Basic data </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Short title: </td> <th>ITU Radio Regulations </th></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Long title:</td> <td>Radio Regulations of the <br />International Telecommunication Union </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Type:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Treaty" title="Treaty">Treaty</a> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Legal status:</td> <td><a href="/wiki/International_law" title="International law">International law</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Jurisdiction:</td> <td>international </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td><a href="/wiki/Abbreviation" title="Abbreviation">Abbreviation</a>:</td> <td><b>RR</b> </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Treaty countries:</td> <td>ca. 200 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Announcement:</td> <td>December 22, 1992 </td></tr> <tr bgcolor="#F7F8FF"> <td>Current version:</td> <td>"Edition of 2020"<sup id="cite_ref-Edition_of_2020_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edition_of_2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <p>The <b>ITU Radio Regulations</b> (<b>RR</b>) is a basic document of the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union</a> (ITU) that regulates on law of nations scale <a href="/wiki/Radiocommunication_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiocommunication service">radiocommunication services</a> and the utilisation of <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency" title="Radio frequency">radio frequencies</a>. It is the supplementation to the <a href="/wiki/Constitution_and_Convention_of_the_International_Telecommunication_Union" title="Constitution and Convention of the International Telecommunication Union">ITU Constitution and Convention</a> and in line with the ITU <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Regulations" class="mw-redirect" title="International Telecommunication Regulations">International Telecommunication Regulations</a> (ITR). The ITU RR comprise and regulate the part of the allocated <a href="/wiki/Electromagnetic_spectrum" title="Electromagnetic spectrum">electromagnetic spectrum</a> (also: <a href="/wiki/Radio_frequency_spectrum" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio frequency spectrum">radio frequency spectrum</a>) from 9 kHz to 300 GHz. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Structure">Structure</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Structure"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The current approved version of the ITU Radio Regulations (addition 2012) is structured as follows: </p><p>Volume 1 – Articles </p> <ul><li>CHAPTER I – Terminology and technical characteristics <ul><li>Section I – General terms (article 1.1-1.15)</li> <li>Section II – Specific terms related to frequency management (article 1.16-1.18)</li> <li>Section III – <a href="/wiki/Radiocommunication_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiocommunication service">Radiocommunication services</a> (article 1.19-1.60)</li> <li>Section IV – <a href="/wiki/Radio_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio station">Radio stations and systems</a> (article 1.61-1.115)</li> <li>Section V – Operational terms (article 1.116-1.136)</li> <li>Section VI – Characteristics of Emissions and Radio Equipment (article 1.137-1.165)</li> <li>Section VII – Frequency Sharing (article 1.166-1.176)</li> <li>Section VIII – Technical terms relating to space (article 1.177-1.191)</li></ul></li> <li>CHAPTER II – Frequencies</li> <li>CHAPTER III – Coordination, notification and recording of frequency assignments and Plan modifications</li> <li>CHAPTER IV – Interferences</li> <li>CHAPTER V – Administrative provisions</li> <li>CHAPTER VI – Provisions for <a href="/wiki/Radiocommunication_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiocommunication service">services</a> and <a href="/wiki/Radio_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio station">stations</a></li> <li>CHAPTER VII – Distress and safety communications</li> <li>CHAPTER VIII – <a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile_service" title="Aeronautical mobile service">Aeronautical services</a></li> <li>CHAPTER IX – <a href="/wiki/Maritime_mobile_service" title="Maritime mobile service">Maritime services</a></li> <li>CHAPTER X – Provisions for entry into force of the Radio Regulations</li></ul> <p>Volume 2 – Appendices<br /> Volume 3 – Resolutions and Recommendations<br /> Volume 4 – ITU-R Recommendations incorporated by reference<br /> Maps to be used in relation to Appendix 27 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitions">Definitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i>Radio Regulations</i> define: </p> <ul><li>the allocation of different frequency bands to different <a href="/wiki/Radiocommunication_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiocommunication service">radiocommunication services</a>;</li> <li>the mandatory technical parameters to be observed by radio stations, especially transmitters;</li> <li>procedures for the coordination (ensuring technical compatibility) and notification (formal recording and protection in the Master International Frequency Register) of frequency assignments made to radio stations by national governments;</li> <li>other procedures and operational provisions.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Service_types">Service types</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Service types"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Hami.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hami.jpg/220px-Hami.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hami.jpg/330px-Hami.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/7e/Hami.jpg/440px-Hami.jpg 2x" data-file-width="576" data-file-height="432" /></a><figcaption>A <a href="/wiki/Radio_station" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio station">radio station</a> of <a href="/wiki/Amateur_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Amateur service">amateur service</a></figcaption></figure> <p><i>Radio communication services</i> (or <i>sradiocommunication services</i>)<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>a<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> are sub-divided into <i>space-based radiocommunication</i>, involving the use of one or more space stations or the use of one or more reflecting satellites or other objects in space; and <i>terrestrial radiocommunication</i>, which excludes space radiocommunication and <a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy" title="Radio astronomy">radio astronomy</a>. </p><p>The ITU Radio Regulations sets out the definitions of some 40 radio services including such services as the fixed service, the mobile service, the land mobile service, the broadcasting service, the standard frequency and time signal service, various satellite services. Further sub-sets of some of these internationally defined services are often created at the national level. For example, within the land mobile service, a country may choose to define such services as paging, dispatch two-way radio service, cellular mobile telephone service, trunked mobile radio service, etc. Many of these definitions are based upon the nature of the service being provided rather than the international concept of a radiocommunication service. In other words, the term "service" can be used in these two different ways. No matter what definitions are adopted in a given country, with some specific exceptions which are allowed for in the ITU RRs, the use of the spectrum must fit in with the international definitions of radio services. </p> <table class="wikitable sortable zebra"> <tbody><tr> <th class="unsortable" colspan="3">ITU RR radiocommunication services </th></tr> <tr> <th class="">N° </th> <th class="">Description </th> <th class="unsortable">Short </th></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.19</td> <td style="text-align:center" colspan="2"><b>Radiocommunication service</b> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right" rowspan="2">1.20</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fixed_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Fixed service">Fixed service</a></td> <td>fixed </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:center" colspan="2">obsolete <s>Aeronautical fixed service</s> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.21</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Fixed-satellite_service" title="Fixed-satellite service">Fixed-satellite service</a></td> <td>FSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.22</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Inter-satellite_service" title="Inter-satellite service">Inter-satellite service</a></td> <td>ISS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.23</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_operation_service" title="Space operation service">Space operation service</a></td> <td>SOS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.24</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mobile_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile service">Mobile service</a></td> <td>mobile </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.25</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mobile-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Mobile-satellite service">Mobile-satellite service</a></td> <td>MSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.26</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Land_mobile_service" title="Land mobile service">Land mobile service</a></td> <td>LMS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.27</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Land_mobile-satellite_service" title="Land mobile-satellite service">Land mobile-satellite service</a></td> <td>LMSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.28</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maritime_mobile_service" title="Maritime mobile service">Maritime mobile service</a></td> <td>MMS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.29</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maritime_mobile-satellite_service" title="Maritime mobile-satellite service">Maritime mobile-satellite service</a></td> <td>MMSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.30</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Port_operations_service" title="Port operations service">Port operations service</a></td> <td>POS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.31</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Ship_movement_service" title="Ship movement service">Ship movement service</a></td> <td>SMS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.32</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile_service" title="Aeronautical mobile service">Aeronautical mobile service</a></td> <td>AMS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.33</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile_(R)_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical mobile (R) service">Aeronautical mobile (R) service</a><sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>AMS(R) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.34</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile_(OR)_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical mobile (OR) service">Aeronautical mobile (OR) service</a><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></td> <td>AMS(OR) </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.35</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical mobile-satellite service">Aeronautical mobile-satellite service</a></td> <td>AMSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.36</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile-satellite_(R)_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service">Aeronautical mobile-satellite (R) service</a></td> <td>AMS(R)S </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.37</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_mobile-satellite_(OR)_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR) service">Aeronautical mobile-satellite (OR) service</a></td> <td>AMS(OR)S </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.38</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Broadcasting service">Broadcasting service</a></td> <td>BS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.39</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Broadcasting-satellite_service" title="Broadcasting-satellite service">Broadcasting-satellite service</a></td> <td>BSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.40</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radiodetermination_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiodetermination service">Radiodetermination service</a></td> <td>RDS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.41</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radiodetermination-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiodetermination-satellite service">Radiodetermination-satellite service</a></td> <td>DRSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.42</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radionavigation_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radionavigation service">Radionavigation service</a></td> <td>RNS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.43</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radionavigation-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radionavigation-satellite service">Radionavigation-satellite service</a></td> <td>RNSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.44</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maritime_radionavigation_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime radionavigation service">Maritime radionavigation service</a></td> <td>MRNS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.45</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Maritime_radionavigation-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Maritime radionavigation-satellite service">Maritime radionavigation-satellite service</a></td> <td>MRNSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.46</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_radionavigation_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical radionavigation service">Aeronautical radionavigation service</a></td> <td>ARNS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.47</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Aeronautical_radionavigation-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Aeronautical radionavigation-satellite service">Aeronautical radionavigation-satellite service</a></td> <td>ARNSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.48</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radiolocation_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiolocation service">Radiolocation service</a></td> <td>RLS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.49</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radiolocation-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radiolocation-satellite service">Radiolocation-satellite service</a></td> <td>RLSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.50</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meteorological_aids_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteorological aids service">Meteorological aids service</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.51</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Earth_exploration-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Earth exploration-satellite service">Earth exploration-satellite service</a></td> <td>EESS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.52</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Meteorological-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Meteorological-satellite service">Meteorological-satellite service</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.53</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Standard_frequency_and_time_signal_service" title="Standard frequency and time signal service">Standard frequency and time signal service</a></td> <td>SFTS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.54</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Standard_frequency_and_time_signal-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Standard frequency and time signal-satellite service">Standard frequency and time signal-satellite service</a></td> <td>SFTSS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.55</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Space_research_service" title="Space research service">Space research service</a></td> <td>SRS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.56</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amateur_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Amateur service">Amateur service</a></td> <td>Amateur </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.57</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amateur-satellite_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Amateur-satellite service">Amateur-satellite service</a></td> <td>Amateur-satellite </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.58</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Radio_astronomy_service" class="mw-redirect" title="Radio astronomy service">Radio astronomy service</a></td> <td>RAS </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.59</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Safety_service" title="Safety service">Safety service</a></td> <td> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="text-align:right">1.60</td> <td>Special radio service</td> <td> </td></tr> </tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Update">Update</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Update"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The drafting, revision and adoption of the <i>Radio Regulations</i> is the responsibility of the <a href="/wiki/World_Radiocommunication_Conference" title="World Radiocommunication Conference">World Radiocommunication Conferences</a> (WRCs) of the ITU,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> meetings of which are typically held every three or four years.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Recent WRCs are: </p> <ul><li>Geneva, 1995 (WRC-95) <sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Geneva, 1997 (WRC-97) <sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Istanbul, 2000 (WRC-2000) <sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Geneva, 2003 (WRC-03) <sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Geneva, 2007 (WRC-07) <sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Geneva, 2012 (WRC-12) <sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Geneva, 2015 (WRC-15) <sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Sharm el-Sheikh, 2019 (WRC-19) <sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>The most recent published version<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> of the <i>Radio Regulations</i>, the "Edition of 2016"<sup id="cite_ref-Edition_of_2016_17-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edition_of_2016-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contains the complete texts of the <i>Radio Regulations</i> as adopted and revised by WRC-15, including all articles, appendices, resolutions, and a subset of the recommendations issued by <a href="/wiki/ITU-R" title="ITU-R">ITU-R</a> (previously known as the CCIR) (those "recommendations" which have a mandatory nature, as a result of being cited in the <i>Radio Regulations</i>). </p><p>The "Edition of 2020", adopted and reviewed by the WRC-19, is scheduled for publication in October 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-Edition_of_2020_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Edition_of_2020-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notes">Notes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Notes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-lower-alpha"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Definition according to Article 1, No. 1.19 of the <a href="/wiki/International_Telecommunication_Union" title="International Telecommunication Union">International Telecommunication Union's</a> Radio Regulations (ITU-RR),:<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "a service ... involving the <a href="/wiki/Signal_transmission" title="Signal transmission">transmission</a>, <a href="/wiki/Emission_(radiocommunications)" title="Emission (radiocommunications)">emission</a> and/or reception of <a href="/wiki/Radio_wave" title="Radio wave">radio waves</a> for specific <a href="/wiki/Telecommunication" class="mw-redirect" title="Telecommunication">telecommunication</a> purposes".</span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239543626"><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Edition_of_2020-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Edition_of_2020_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Edition_of_2020_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/pub/R-REG-RR-2020">Edition of 2020</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">ITU Radio Regulations, Article 1, Section III – Radio services, No. 1.19, definition: Radiocommunication service</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(R) – abbreviation to route flights (route)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">(OR) – abbreviation to flights others than on routes (off-route)</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/pub/R-ACT-WRC">Final Acts of the WRCs</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/conferences/wrc/Pages/default.aspx">World Radiocommunication Conferences</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&rlink=wrc-95&lang=en">WRC-95</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-9">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&rlink=wrc-97&lang=en">WRC-97</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&rlink=wrc-00&lang=en">WRC-00</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&rlink=wrc-03&lang=en">WRC-03</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&rlink=wrc-07&lang=en">WRC-07</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/net/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&rlink=wrc-12&lang=en">WRC-12</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/conferences/wrc/2015/Pages/default.aspx">WRC-15</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/en/ITU-R/conferences/wrc/2019/Pages/default.aspx">WRC-19</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/pub/R-REG-RR">The Radio Regulations on the ITU website</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Edition_of_2016-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Edition_of_2016_17-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/pub/R-REG-RR-2016">Edition of 2016</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itu.int/dms_pub/itu-r/opb/reg/R-PN-119-20-PDF-E.pdf">Edition of 2020 - Publication notice</a></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: External links"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/opb/productslist.aspx?lang=e&CategoryID=R-REG&product=R-REG-RR"><i>Radio Regulations</i> website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/index.asp?category=conferences&link=wrc&lang=en">World Radiocommunication Conferences website</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://webarchive.loc.gov/all/20120803034923/http%3A//www.itu.int/en/history/radioregulations/Pages/radioregulations.aspx">Historic editions of the Radio Regulations (History of ITU Portal)</a> at the <a href="/wiki/Library_of_Congress" title="Library of Congress">Library of Congress</a> Web Archives (archived 2012-08-03)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.itu.int/ITU-R/index.asp?category=information&rlink=promotion-100-years&lang=en">100 Years of ITU Radio Regulations (1906-2006)</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.arrl.org/news/stories/2006/10/19/100/?nc=1">100 years of International Radio Regulations</a></li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://life.itu.int/radioclub/rr/rrcont.htm">Contents of the Radio Regulations</a> (including selected sections)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190602040234/http://ictregulationtoolkit.org/">ICT Regulation Toolkit</a> by infoDev in cooperation with the International Telecommunication Union</li></ul>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1&useformat=desktop" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&oldid=1227993467">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ITU_Radio_Regulations&oldid=1227993467</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" 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