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Ram Shriram - Wikipedia
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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">American businessman</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox biography vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above" style="font-size:125%;"><div class="fn">Ram Shriram</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:RamShriramBio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/RamShriramBio.jpg/200px-RamShriramBio.jpg" decoding="async" width="200" height="267" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/RamShriramBio.jpg/300px-RamShriramBio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9d/RamShriramBio.jpg/400px-RamShriramBio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1536" data-file-height="2048" /></a></span><div class="infobox-caption">Shriram (2021)</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Born</th><td class="infobox-data">1956 or 1957 (age 67–68)<sup id="cite_ref-Forbes_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Madras" class="mw-redirect" title="Madras">Madras</a>, India</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Citizenship</th><td class="infobox-data category">American</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Alma mater</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/University_of_Madras" title="University of Madras">University of Madras</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Occupation</th><td class="infobox-data role">Businessman</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Spouse</th><td class="infobox-data">Vijay Shriram</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Children</th><td class="infobox-data">2</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Kavitark Ram Shriram</b> (born 1956/57) is an American billionaire businessman and philanthropist. He is a founding <a href="/wiki/Board_member" class="mw-redirect" title="Board member">board member</a> and one of the first investors in <a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ndtv_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ndtv-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-redif_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-redif-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He worked earlier in <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a>. Shriram came to Amazon.com in August 1998, when the company acquired <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#Junglee" title="Amazon (company)">Junglee</a>, an online comparison shopping firm of which Shriram was president. Before Junglee and Amazon, Shriram was a member of the <a href="/wiki/Netscape" title="Netscape">Netscape</a> executive team, joining them in 1994, before they shipped products or posted revenue.<sup id="cite_ref-redif_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-redif-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>According to <i><a href="/wiki/Forbes" title="Forbes">Forbes</a></i>, as of September 2020, his net worth was $2.3 billion.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Shriram&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shriram holds a bachelor's degree in mathematics from <a href="/wiki/Loyola_College,_Chennai" title="Loyola College, Chennai">Loyola College, Chennai</a>, <a href="/wiki/University_of_Madras" title="University of Madras">University of Madras</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Forbes_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Shriram&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shriram started his career with <a href="/wiki/Bell-Northern_Research" title="Bell-Northern Research">Bell-Northern Research</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1994, he became a vice president of <a href="/wiki/Netscape" title="Netscape">Netscape</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Later, he also served as a president of <a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#Junglee" title="Amazon (company)">Junglee</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Shriram started Sherpalo, a <a href="/wiki/Venture_capital" title="Venture capital">venture capital</a> firm that invests in promising new disruptive technologies, in January 2000.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2020, Ram Shriram was selected for the Ellis Island medal of honor.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Philanthropy">Philanthropy</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Shriram&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Philanthropy"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Shriram and his wife have donated funds through education-focused Dhanam Foundation.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have funded Shriram Family Professorship in Science Education and the Shriram Family Fellowship in Science Education at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_Graduate_School_of_Education" class="mw-redirect" title="Stanford Graduate School of Education">Stanford Graduate School of Education</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have also funded $57 million to establish Shriram Center for Bioengineering & Chemical Engineering at <a href="/wiki/Stanford_University" title="Stanford University">Stanford University</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, the Shriram along with his wife donated $61 million to the newly established Stanford Department of Bioengineering.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Personal_life">Personal life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Shriram&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Personal life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>He is married to Vijaya Shriram.<sup id="cite_ref-auto_6-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-auto-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> They have two daughters, Jhanvi and Ketaki, graduates of Stanford University and founders of Palo Alto–based AI startup Krikey.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-Forbes_1-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Forbes-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ram_Shriram&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Forbes-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Forbes_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Forbes_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Forbes_1-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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The Stanford Daily<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">25 February</span> 2023</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=stanforddaily.com&rft.atitle=Post-Stanford%2C+sisters+found+augmented+reality+startup&rft.date=2019-04-22&rft.aulast=Tan&rft.aufirst=Andrew&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fstanforddaily.com%2F2019%2F04%2F22%2Fpost-stanford-sisters-found-augmented-reality-startup%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ARam+Shriram" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl 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.navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Alphabet_Inc.429" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Alphabet_Inc." title="Template:Alphabet Inc."><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Alphabet_Inc." title="Template talk:Alphabet Inc."><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Alphabet_Inc." title="Special:EditPage/Template:Alphabet Inc."><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Alphabet_Inc.429" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Alphabet_Inc." title="Alphabet Inc.">Alphabet Inc.</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Access <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_Fiber" title="Google Fiber">Google Fiber</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calico_(company)" title="Calico (company)">Calico</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CapitalG" title="CapitalG">CapitalG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google" title="Google">Google</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Google_DeepMind" title="Google DeepMind">DeepMind</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaFold" title="AlphaFold">AlphaFold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo" title="AlphaGo">AlphaGo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Fan_Hui" title="AlphaGo versus Fan Hui">vs. Fan Hui</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Ke_Jie" title="AlphaGo versus Ke Jie">vs. Ke Jie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_versus_Lee_Sedol" title="AlphaGo versus Lee Sedol">vs. Lee Sedol</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_(film)" title="AlphaGo (film)">film</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Future_of_Go_Summit" title="Future of Go Summit">Future of Go Summit</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaGo_Zero" title="AlphaGo Zero">AlphaGo Zero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaStar_(software)" title="AlphaStar (software)">AlphaStar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AlphaZero" title="AlphaZero">AlphaZero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_(software)" title="Master (software)">Master</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MuZero" title="MuZero">MuZero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WaveNet" title="WaveNet">WaveNet</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/DoubleClick" title="DoubleClick">DoubleClick</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Firebase" title="Firebase">Firebase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fitbit" title="Fitbit">Fitbit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tenor_(website)" title="Tenor (website)">Tenor</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waze" title="Waze">Waze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GV_(company)" title="GV (company)">GV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Isomorphic_Labs" title="Isomorphic Labs">Isomorphic Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verily" title="Verily">Verily</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baseline_Study" title="Baseline Study">Baseline Study</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/X_Development" title="X Development">X Development</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Waymo" title="Waymo">Waymo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wing_(company)" title="Wing (company)">Wing</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Boston_Dynamics" title="Boston Dynamics">Boston Dynamics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chronicle_Security" title="Chronicle Security">Chronicle Security</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jigsaw_(company)" title="Jigsaw (company)">Jigsaw</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Loon_LLC" title="Loon LLC">Loon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Makani_(company)" title="Makani (company)">Makani</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meka_Robotics" title="Meka Robotics">Meka Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Google_Nest" title="Google Nest">Nest Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_Labs" title="Sidewalk Labs">Sidewalk Labs</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sidewalk_Toronto" title="Sidewalk Toronto">Toronto</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vicarious_(company)" title="Vicarious (company)">Vicarious</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Executives</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sundar_Pichai" title="Sundar Pichai">Sundar Pichai</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruth_Porat" title="Ruth Porat">Ruth Porat</a> (president and <a href="/wiki/Chief_investment_officer" title="Chief investment officer">CIO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anat_Ashkenazi" title="Anat Ashkenazi">Anat Ashkenazi</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_financial_officer" title="Chief financial officer">CFO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Page" title="Larry Page">Larry Page</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_executive_officer" title="Chief executive officer">CEO</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Brin" title="Sergey Brin">Sergey Brin</a> (<a href="/wiki/President_(corporate_title)" title="President (corporate title)">President</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Drummond_(businessman)" title="David Drummond (businessman)">David Drummond</a> (<a href="/wiki/Chief_legal_officer" class="mw-redirect" title="Chief legal officer">CLO</a>)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Board of directors</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Frances_Arnold" title="Frances Arnold">Frances Arnold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sergey_Brin" title="Sergey Brin">Sergey Brin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/R._Martin_Chavez" title="R. Martin Chavez">R. Martin Chavez</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_Doerr" title="John Doerr">John Doerr</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/John_L._Hennessy" title="John L. Hennessy">John L. Hennessy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ann_Mather" title="Ann Mather">Ann Mather</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larry_Page" title="Larry Page">Larry Page</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sundar_Pichai" title="Sundar Pichai">Sundar Pichai</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ram Shriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roger_W._Ferguson_Jr." title="Roger W. Ferguson Jr.">Roger W. Ferguson Jr.</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Diane_Greene" title="Diane Greene">Diane Greene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alan_Mulally" title="Alan Mulally">Alan Mulally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Eric_Schmidt" title="Eric Schmidt">Eric Schmidt</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Conrad" title="Andrew Conrad">Andrew Conrad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Fadell" title="Tony Fadell">Tony Fadell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arthur_D._Levinson" title="Arthur D. Levinson">Arthur D. Levinson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/David_Krane" title="David Krane">David Krane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astro_Teller" title="Astro Teller">Astro Teller</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Alphabet_Inc." title="Category:Alphabet Inc.">Category</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/28px-Industry5.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/42px-Industry5.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2a/Industry5.svg/56px-Industry5.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Companies" title="Portal:Companies">Companies portal</a></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/28px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png" decoding="async" width="28" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/42px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f9/Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg/56px-Crystal_Clear_app_linneighborhood.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="407" data-file-height="407" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Internet" title="Portal:Internet">Internet portal</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Amazon206" style="wide;padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Amazon" title="Template:Amazon"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Amazon" title="Template talk:Amazon"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Amazon" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Amazon"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Amazon206" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Current</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jeff_Bezos" title="Jeff Bezos">Jeff Bezos</a> (Founder and Executive Chairman)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andy_Jassy" title="Andy Jassy">Andy Jassy</a> (President and CEO)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Werner_Vogels" title="Werner Vogels">Werner Vogels</a> (CTO)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rick_Dalzell" title="Rick Dalzell">Rick Dalzell</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paul_Davis_(programmer)" title="Paul Davis (programmer)">Paul Davis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tony_Hsieh" title="Tony Hsieh">Tony Hsieh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_North_(businessman)" title="Christopher North (businessman)">Christopher North</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ram Shriram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Szkutak" title="Tom Szkutak">Tom Szkutak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Brian_Valentine" title="Brian Valentine">Brian Valentine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Facilities</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_locations" title="List of Amazon locations">List of Amazon locations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doppler_(building)" title="Doppler (building)">Doppler</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Day_1_(building)" title="Day 1 (building)">Day 1</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon_HQ2" title="Amazon HQ2">HQ2</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Principal_Place" title="Principal Place">Principal Place</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Spheres" title="Amazon Spheres">Spheres</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Bellevue_600" title="Bellevue 600">Bellevue 600</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Products and<br />services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Subsidiaries</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A9.com" title="A9.com">A9.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AbeBooks" title="AbeBooks">AbeBooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Clinic" title="Amazon Clinic">Amazon Clinic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Games" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Double_Helix_Games" title="Double Helix Games">Double Helix Games</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lab126" title="Amazon Lab126">Amazon Lab126</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Pharmacy" title="Amazon Pharmacy">Amazon Pharmacy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Robotics" title="Amazon Robotics">Amazon Robotics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_University_Esports" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon University Esports">Amazon University Esports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annapurna_Labs" title="Annapurna Labs">Annapurna Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audible_(service)" title="Audible (service)">Audible</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blink_Home" title="Blink Home">Blink Home</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Body_Labs" title="Body Labs">Body Labs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Book_Depository" title="Book Depository">Book Depository</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BookFinder.com" title="BookFinder.com">BookFinder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ComiXology" title="ComiXology">ComiXology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Freevee" title="Amazon Freevee">Freevee</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AmazonFresh" class="mw-redirect" title="AmazonFresh">Fresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goodreads" title="Goodreads">Goodreads</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Goodreads_Choice_Awards" title="Goodreads Choice Awards">Goodreads Choice Awards</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Graphiq" title="Graphiq">Graphiq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDb" title="IMDb">IMDb</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Box_Office_Mojo" title="Box Office Mojo">Box Office Mojo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IMDb#IMDbPro" title="IMDb">IMDbPro</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kuiper_Systems" title="Kuiper Systems">Kuiper Systems</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1Life_Healthcare" class="mw-redirect" title="1Life Healthcare">One Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PillPack" title="PillPack">PillPack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ring_(company)" title="Ring (company)">Ring</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neighbors_(app)" title="Neighbors (app)">Neighbors</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shopbop" title="Shopbop">Shopbop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Souq.com" class="mw-redirect" title="Souq.com">Souq.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Twitch_(service)" title="Twitch (service)">Twitch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Woot" title="Woot">Woot.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zappos" title="Zappos">Zappos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoox_(company)" title="Zoox (company)">Zoox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cloud<br />computing</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">Web Services</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Machine_Image" title="Amazon Machine Image">AMI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Aurora" title="Amazon Aurora">Amazon Aurora</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Elastic_Beanstalk" title="AWS Elastic Beanstalk">Beanstalk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_CloudFront" title="Amazon CloudFront">CloudFront</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_DynamoDB" title="Amazon DynamoDB">DynamoDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Block_Store" title="Amazon Elastic Block Store">EBS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_Compute_Cloud" title="Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud">EC2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_File_System" title="Amazon Elastic File System">EFS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_ElastiCache" title="Amazon ElastiCache">ElastiCache</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Elastic_MapReduce" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Elastic MapReduce">EMR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Glacier" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Glacier">Glacier</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Glue" title="AWS Glue">Glue</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AWS_Lambda" title="AWS Lambda">Lambda</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lightsail" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Lightsail">Lightsail</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Mechanical_Turk" title="Amazon Mechanical Turk">MTurk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Neptune" title="Amazon Neptune">Neptune</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Product_Advertising_API" title="Amazon Product Advertising API">Product Advertising API</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Relational_Database_Service" title="Amazon Relational Database Service">RDS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Redshift" title="Amazon Redshift">Redshift</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Rekognition" title="Amazon Rekognition">Rekognition</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Route_53" title="Amazon Route 53">Route 53</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_S3" title="Amazon S3">S3</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_SageMaker" title="Amazon SageMaker">SageMaker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Web_Services" title="Amazon Web Services">SES</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Simple_Notification_Service" title="Amazon Simple Notification Service">SNS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_SimpleDB" title="Amazon SimpleDB">SimpleDB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Simple_Queue_Service" title="Amazon Simple Queue Service">SQS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Virtual_Private_Cloud" title="Amazon Virtual Private Cloud">VPC</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Services</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#Website" title="Amazon (company)">Amazon.com</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_China" title="Amazon China">China</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Alexa" title="Amazon Alexa">Alexa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Appstore" title="Amazon Appstore">Appstore</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Digital_Game_Store" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Digital Game Store">Digital Game Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_OS" title="Fire OS">Fire OS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_Store" title="Kindle Store">Kindle Store</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Luna" title="Amazon Luna">Luna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Pay" title="Amazon Pay">Payments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime" title="Amazon Prime">Prime</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_miniTV" title="Amazon miniTV">Amazon miniTV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MX_Player" title="MX Player">MX Player</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Key" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Key">Key</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Music" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Prime Music">Prime Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prime_Now" title="Prime Now">Prime Now</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Pantry" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Prime Pantry">Prime Pantry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Amazon Prime Video">Prime Video</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sports_on_Amazon_Prime_Video" title="Sports on Amazon Prime Video">Sports</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Marketplace" title="Amazon Marketplace">Marketplace</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Music" title="Amazon Music">Music</a> (<a href="/wiki/Wondery" title="Wondery">Wondery</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Silk" title="Amazon Silk">Silk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_(company)#AmazonWireless" title="Amazon (company)">Wireless</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Devices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Astro" title="Amazon Astro">Astro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo" title="Amazon Echo">Echo</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo_Show" title="Amazon Echo Show">Show</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Echo_Buds" title="Amazon Echo Buds">Echo Buds</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire" title="Amazon Fire">Fire</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fire_HD" title="Fire HD">Fire HD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_HDX" title="Fire HDX">Fire HDX</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV" title="Amazon Fire TV">Fire TV</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fire_TV#Fire_TV_Stick" title="Amazon Fire TV">Stick</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Kindle" title="Amazon Kindle">Kindle</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Technology</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1-Click" title="1-Click">1-Click</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dynamo_(storage_system)" title="Dynamo (storage system)">Dynamo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Obidos_(software)" title="Obidos (software)">Obidos</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Lumberyard" title="Amazon Lumberyard">Lumberyard</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Media</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Games" title="Amazon Games">Amazon Games</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Publishing" title="Amazon Publishing">Amazon Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Breakthrough_Novel_Award" title="Amazon Breakthrough Novel Award">Breakthrough Novel Award</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon%27s_Best_Books_of_the_Year" title="Amazon's Best Books of the Year">Best Books of the Year</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_MGM_Studios" title="Amazon MGM Studios">Amazon MGM Studios</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer" title="Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer">Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Artists" title="United Artists">United Artists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orion_Pictures" title="Orion Pictures">Orion Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_International_Pictures" title="American International Pictures">American International Pictures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM%2B" title="MGM+">MGM+</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kindle_Direct_Publishing" title="Kindle Direct Publishing">Kindle Direct Publishing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/YES_Network" title="YES Network">YES Network</a> (15%)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Retail</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fresh" title="Amazon Fresh">Amazon Fresh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Go" title="Amazon Go">Amazon Go</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Whole_Foods_Market" title="Whole Foods Market">Whole Foods Market</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Logistics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Air" title="Amazon Air">Amazon Air</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Prime_Air" title="Amazon Prime Air">Amazon Prime Air</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Former</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/43_Things" title="43 Things">43 Things</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Askville" title="Askville">Askville</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alexa_Internet" title="Alexa Internet">Alexa Internet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amapedia" title="Amapedia">Amapedia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Books" title="Amazon Books">Amazon Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amie_Street" title="Amie Street">Amie Street</a> (<a href="/wiki/Songza" title="Songza">Songza</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/CDNow" title="CDNow">CDNow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Dash" title="Amazon Dash">Dash buttons</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Dash#Barcode_scanner" title="Amazon Dash">Dash wand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diapers.com" title="Diapers.com">Diapers.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Digital_Photography_Review" title="Digital Photography Review">Digital Photography Review</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Drive" title="Amazon Drive">Drive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endless.com" title="Endless.com">Endless.com</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fire_Phone" title="Fire Phone">Fire Phone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lexcycle" title="Lexcycle">Lexcycle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquavista" title="Liquavista">Liquavista</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LivingSocial" title="LivingSocial">LivingSocial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LoveFilm" title="LoveFilm">LoveFilm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MGM_Holdings" title="MGM Holdings">MGM Holdings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mobipocket" title="Mobipocket">Mobipocket</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PlanetAll" title="PlanetAll">PlanetAll</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reflexive_Entertainment" title="Reflexive Entertainment">Reflexive Entertainment</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sellaband" title="Sellaband">Sellaband</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shelfari" title="Shelfari">Shelfari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TenMarks_Education,_Inc." title="TenMarks Education, Inc.">TenMarks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Treasure_Truck" title="Treasure Truck">Treasure Truck</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Withoutabox" title="Withoutabox">Withoutabox</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Litigation</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Perfect_10,_Inc._v._Amazon.com,_Inc." title="Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.">Perfect 10, Inc. v. Amazon.com, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon.com,_Inc._v._Barnesandnoble.com,_Inc." title="Amazon.com, Inc. v. Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.">Amazon.com, Inc. v. Barnesandnoble.com, Inc.</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amazon.com_Inc_v_Canada_(Commissioner_of_Patents)" title="Amazon.com Inc v Canada (Commissioner of Patents)">Amazon.com Inc v Canada (Commissioner of Patents)</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/FTC_v._Amazon" title="FTC v. Amazon">FTC v. Amazon</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Light" title="Amazon Light">Amazon Light</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Standard_Identification_Number" title="Amazon Standard Identification Number">ASIN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Community_Banana_Stand" title="Community Banana Stand">Community Banana Stand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Criticism_of_Amazon" title="Criticism of Amazon">Criticism</a> (<a href="/wiki/Amazon_tax" title="Amazon tax">tax</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Fishbowl" title="Amazon Fishbowl">Fishbowl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_Amazon" title="History of Amazon">History of Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LibraryThing" title="LibraryThing">LibraryThing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_brands" title="List of Amazon brands">List of Amazon brands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Amazon_products_and_services" title="List of Amazon products and services">List of Amazon products and services</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_mergers_and_acquisitions_by_Amazon" title="List of mergers and acquisitions by Amazon">List of mergers and acquisitions by Amazon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Locker" class="mw-redirect" title="Amazon Locker">Locker</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MacKenzie_Scott" title="MacKenzie Scott">MacKenzie Scott</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Statistically_improbable_phrase" title="Statistically improbable phrase">Statistically improbable phrase</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Vine" title="Amazon Vine">Vine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_worker_organization" title="Amazon worker organization">Worker organization</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Unions</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Congress_of_Essential_Workers" title="Congress of Essential Workers">Congress of Essential Workers</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_Labor_Union" title="Amazon Labor Union">Amazon Labor Union</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amazon_worker_organization" title="Amazon worker organization">Amazon worker organization</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2024_Teamsters_Amazon_Strike" title="2024 Teamsters Amazon Strike">2024 strike</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Amazon_(company)" title="Category:Amazon (company)">Category</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.codfw.main‐7878cd4448‐xc6lv Cached time: 20250211200939 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [vary‐revision‐sha1, show‐toc] CPU time usage: 0.520 seconds Real time usage: 0.608 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2660/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 95459/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 1465/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 15/100 Expensive parser function count: 5/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 1/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 55041/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.303/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 6411855/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 1/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 517.782 1 -total 32.90% 170.345 1 Template:Reflist 28.14% 145.693 10 Template:Cite_web 24.64% 127.597 8 Template:Navbox 24.17% 125.171 1 Template:Infobox_person 19.63% 101.647 1 Template:Alphabet_Inc. 12.12% 62.735 1 Template:Short_description 7.14% 36.964 17 Template:Main_other 7.08% 36.663 2 Template:Pagetype 5.26% 27.218 20 Template:Pluralize_from_text --> <!-- Saved in parser cache with key enwiki:pcache:7629125:|#|:idhash:canonical and timestamp 20250211200939 and revision id 1260740886. 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