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class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Dictionary website</div> <p class="mw-empty-elt"> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox vcard"><caption class="infobox-title fn org"><i>Lexico</i></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Lexico_logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Lexico_logo.svg/220px-Lexico_logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="102" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Lexico_logo.svg/330px-Lexico_logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/76/Lexico_logo.svg/440px-Lexico_logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="320" data-file-height="149" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;">Type of site</div></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Online_dictionary" class="mw-redirect" title="Online dictionary">Dictionary</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Available in</th><td class="infobox-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul ul{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist .mw-empty-li{display:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dt::after{content:": "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li::after{content:" · ";font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li:last-child::after{content:none}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:first-child::before{content:" (";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dd li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt li:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dd:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li dt:last-child::after,.mw-parser-output .hlist li li:last-child::after{content:")";font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol{counter-reset:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li{counter-increment:listitem}.mw-parser-output .hlist ol>li::before{content:" "counter(listitem)"\a0 "}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt ol>li:first-child::before,.mw-parser-output .hlist li ol>li:first-child::before{content:" ("counter(listitem)"\a0 "}</style><div class="hlist"><ul><li>English</li><li>Spanish</li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Dissolution_(law)" title="Dissolution (law)">Dissolved</a></th><td class="infobox-data">26 August 2022<span class="noprint">; 2 years ago</span><span style="display:none"> (<span class="dtend">2022-08-26</span>)</span></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Owner</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Created by</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">URL</th><td class="infobox-data url"><span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexico.com/">www<wbr />.lexico<wbr />.com</a></span> (redirects to <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dictionary.com/">www<wbr />.dictionary<wbr />.com</a></span>)<br /> formerly <span class="url"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.oxforddictionaries.com">www<wbr />.oxforddictionaries<wbr />.com</a></span> (2010–2019)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Commercial</th><td class="infobox-data">Yes</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Registration</th><td class="infobox-data">None</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Current status</th><td class="infobox-data category">Offline</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><i><b>Lexico</b></i> was a dictionary website that provided a collection of English and Spanish dictionaries produced by <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a> (OUP), the <a href="/wiki/Publishing_house" class="mw-redirect" title="Publishing house">publishing house</a> of the <a href="/wiki/University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">University of Oxford</a>. While the dictionary content on <i>Lexico</i> came from OUP, this website was operated by <a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a>, whose eponymous website hosts dictionaries by other publishers such as <a href="/wiki/Random_House" title="Random House">Random House</a>. The website was closed and redirected to Dictionary.com on 26 August 2022. </p><p>Before the Lexico site was launched, the <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_English" title="Oxford Dictionary of English">Oxford Dictionary of English</a></i> and <i><a href="/wiki/New_Oxford_American_Dictionary" title="New Oxford American Dictionary">New Oxford American Dictionary</a></i> were hosted by OUP's own website <i><b>Oxford Dictionaries Online</b></i> (<i><b>ODO</b></i>), later known as <i><b>Oxford Living Dictionaries</b></i>. The dictionaries' definitions have also appeared in <a href="/wiki/Google_Dictionary" title="Google Dictionary">Google definition search</a> and the <a href="/wiki/Dictionary_(software)" title="Dictionary (software)">Dictionary</a> application on <a href="/wiki/MacOS" title="MacOS">macOS</a>, among others, licensed through the Oxford Dictionaries <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexico&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In the 2000s, OUP allowed access to content of the <i><a href="/wiki/Compact_Oxford_English_Dictionary_of_Current_English" title="Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English">Compact Oxford English Dictionary of Current English</a></i> on a website called <i><b>AskOxford.com</b></i>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2010, <i>Oxford Dictionaries Online</i> was launched under oxforddictionaries.com,<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> superseding the dictionary content of <i>AskOxford.com</i>. Buyers of the third edition of the <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_Dictionary_of_English" title="Oxford Dictionary of English">Oxford Dictionary of English</a></i>, also published in 2010, were granted a one-year subscription to the website's subscription content.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The website's English dictionaries incorporated content of the <i>Oxford Dictionary of English</i>, <i><a href="/wiki/New_Oxford_American_Dictionary" title="New Oxford American Dictionary">New Oxford American Dictionary</a></i>, <i>Oxford Thesaurus of English</i>, and <i>Oxford American Writer's Thesaurus</i>. It also provided a Spanish monolingual dictionary and bilingual dictionaries between English and several languages.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As of June 2014<sup class="plainlinks noexcerpt noprint asof-tag update" style="display:none;"><a class="external text" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lexico&action=edit">[update]</a></sup>, it was updated every three months.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2014, OUP launched <i>Oxford Global Languages</i>, an initiative to build lexical resources (bilingual dictionaries) of the world's languages, starting with <a href="/wiki/Zulu_language" title="Zulu language">Zulu</a> and <a href="/wiki/Northern_Sotho_language" class="mw-redirect" title="Northern Sotho language">Northern Sotho</a> online dictionaries released in 2015.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In 2016, the free content of <i>Oxford Dictionaries Online</i> was rebranded as <i>Oxford Living Dictionaries</i>, and the subscription content as <i>Oxford Dictionaries Premium</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In June 2019, the free-of-charge dictionaries of English and Spanish were moved to <i>Lexico.com</i>, a collaboration between OUP and <a href="/wiki/Dictionary.com" title="Dictionary.com">Dictionary.com</a>, though with the lexicographic content continuing to be written solely by OUP staff. While the offer of the US English dictionary on <i>Oxford Living Dictionaries</i> was terminated upon the migration to <i>Lexico</i> except for words which the UK dictionary did not have entries for,<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> the US dictionary became fully available again on <i>Lexico</i> in early 2020.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Lexico" was itself part of the former name of the company Dictionary.com, Lexico Publishing Group, LLC.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In March 2020, the remaining <i>Oxford Living Dictionaries</i> websites, which hosted dictionaries made in the Global Languages programme, were closed. A statement from OUP said, "Rather than offering a dictionary website for every digitally under-resourced language, we will facilitate third parties to build products and services that best serve the needs of each individual language community. Our efforts will be focused on creating and providing the data that these third parties need."<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> At the time of the closure, they hosted dictionaries of Zulu, Northern Sotho, <a href="/wiki/Malay_language" title="Malay language">Malay</a>, <a href="/wiki/Urdu" title="Urdu">Urdu</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tswana_language" title="Tswana language">Tswana</a>, <a href="/wiki/Indonesian_language" title="Indonesian language">Indonesian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Romanian_language" title="Romanian language">Romanian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Latvian_language" title="Latvian language">Latvian</a>, <a href="/wiki/Swahili_language" title="Swahili language">Swahili</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hindi" title="Hindi">Hindi</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tamil_language" title="Tamil language">Tamil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gujarati_language" title="Gujarati language">Gujarati</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tatar_language" title="Tatar language">Tatar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Xhosa_language" title="Xhosa language">Xhosa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Southern_Quechua" title="Southern Quechua">Southern Quechua</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tajik_language" title="Tajik language">Tajik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Tok_Pisin" title="Tok Pisin">Tok Pisin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Turkmen_language" title="Turkmen language">Turkmen</a>, <a href="/wiki/Telugu_language" title="Telugu language">Telugu</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Modern_Greek" title="Modern Greek">Greek</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>On 26 August 2022, <i>Lexico</i> was closed and redirected to <i>Dictionary.com</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> <i>Oxford Dictionaries Premium</i> was still available.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Comparison_with_the_Oxford_English_Dictionary">Comparison with the <i>Oxford English Dictionary</i></h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexico&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Comparison with the Oxford English Dictionary"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <i><a href="/wiki/Oxford_English_Dictionary" title="Oxford English Dictionary">Oxford English Dictionary</a></i> (<i>OED</i>) is a subscription service, while <i>Lexico</i> used the Oxford Dictionaries <a href="/wiki/API" title="API">API</a><sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> to offer more modern versions of the <i>Oxford Dictionary of English</i> and <i>New Oxford American Dictionary</i> to users for free. The <i>OED</i> described its difference from <i>Oxford Dictionaries</i>, the predecessor to <i>Lexico</i>, as follows: </p> <blockquote><p>The dictionary content in Oxford Dictionaries focuses on current English and includes modern meanings and uses of words. Where words have more than one meaning, the most important and common meanings in modern English are given first, and less common and more specialist or technical uses are listed below. The <i>OED</i>, on the other hand, is a historical dictionary and it forms a record of all the core words and meanings in English over more than 1,000 years, from Old English to the present day, and including many obsolete and historical terms. Meanings are ordered chronologically in the <i>OED</i>, according to when they were first recorded in English ...<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lexico&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://developer.oxforddictionaries.com/">"Oxford Dictionaries API"</a>. 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