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Haitian spaghetti - Wikipedia

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class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Breakfast dish of noodles and hot dogs</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1257001546">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme)>div:not(.notheme)[style]{background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data:not(.notheme) div:not(.notheme){background:#1f1f23!important;color:#f8f9fa}}@media(min-width:640px){body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table{display:table!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>caption{display:table-caption!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table>tbody{display:table-row-group}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table tr{display:table-row!important}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table th,body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .infobox-table td{padding-left:inherit;padding-right:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox hrecipe adr"><caption class="infobox-title fn"><span>Haitian spaghetti</span></caption><tbody><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Haitian_spaghetti.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Haitian_spaghetti.jpg/260px-Haitian_spaghetti.jpg" decoding="async" width="260" height="260" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Haitian_spaghetti.jpg/390px-Haitian_spaghetti.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a5/Haitian_spaghetti.jpg/520px-Haitian_spaghetti.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2617" data-file-height="2618" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="note"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Place of origin</th><td class="infobox-data country-name">Haiti</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Main ingredients</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient">Spaghetti, hot dogs, <a href="/wiki/Epis" title="Epis">epis</a>, tomato sauce</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.65em;">Ingredients generally&#160;used</th><td class="infobox-data ingredient">chili peppers, onions</td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Haitian spaghetti</b> (sometimes espageti, espaghetti, spaghetti a l'hatienne or espageti ayisyen) is a dish of <a href="/wiki/Haitian_cuisine" title="Haitian cuisine">Haitian cuisine</a> typically served for breakfast.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It typically consists of spaghetti noodles and <a href="/wiki/Hot_dog" title="Hot dog">hot dogs</a> in a sauce made from ketchup and <a href="/wiki/Epis" title="Epis">epis</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ingredients_and_preparation">Ingredients and preparation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Edit section: Ingredients and preparation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The dish typically combines <a href="/wiki/Epis" title="Epis">epis</a> with <a href="/wiki/Ketchup" title="Ketchup">ketchup</a> to make a sauce in which spaghetti noodles are tossed. Typically sliced <a href="/wiki/Hot_dog" title="Hot dog">hot dogs</a> are included.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> Onions, garlic and peppers are common inclusions.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> <a href="/wiki/Vienna_sausage" title="Vienna sausage">Vienna sausage</a> or <a href="/wiki/Herring_as_food" title="Herring as food">herring</a> is occasionally used in place of hot dogs.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1248256098">@media all and (max-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{width:100%!important}}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery{display:table}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-default{background:transparent;margin-top:4px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-center{margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-left{float:left}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-right{float:right}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-none{float:none}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery-collapsible{width:100%}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer{display:table-row}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div{display:table-cell;padding:0 4px 4px;text-align:center;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .main>div{display:table-cell}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallery{line-height:1.35em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div{display:table-cell;padding:4px;text-align:right;font-size:85%;line-height:1em}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .title>div *,.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .footer>div *{overflow:visible}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .gallerybox img{background:none!important}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .bordered-images .thumb img{border:solid var(--background-color-neutral,#eaecf0)1px}.mw-parser-output .mod-gallery .whitebg .thumb{background:var(--background-color-base,#fff)!important}</style><div class="mod-gallery mod-gallery-default mod-gallery-center"><div class="title"><div>Preparation</div></div><div class="main"><div><ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional nochecker bordered-images whitebg"> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Sauteeing onions and peppers"><img alt="Sauteeing onions and peppers" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg/179px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg" decoding="async" width="179" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg/269px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/60/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg/358px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_1.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="3039" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Sauteeing onions and peppers</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Adding hot dogs and browning"><img alt="Adding hot dogs and browning" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg/135px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg/202px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b3/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg/270px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Adding hot dogs and browning</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Adding epis and tomato sauce"><img alt="Adding epis and tomato sauce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg/135px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg/202px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg/270px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_3.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Adding <a href="/wiki/Epis" title="Epis">epis</a> and tomato sauce</div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 215px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 210px; height: 210px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Adding cooked spaghetti and sauteeing to reduce"><img alt="Adding cooked spaghetti and sauteeing to reduce" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg/135px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg" decoding="async" width="135" height="180" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg/202px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg/270px-Making_Haitian_spaghetti_4.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3024" data-file-height="4032" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext">Adding cooked spaghetti and sauteeing to reduce</div> </li> </ul></div></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="History">History</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Edit section: History"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The dish was developed during the period of <a href="/wiki/Us_occupation_of_haiti" class="mw-redirect" title="Us occupation of haiti">US occupation</a> from 1915 to 1934, when American foods such as hot dogs and ketchup were introduced to Haiti.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> It is considered a comfort food.<sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Serving">Serving</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Edit section: Serving"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>It is a common breakfast dish.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:1_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-3"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:3_7-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-7"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> According to Eater in 2017, it was not a common item on restaurant menus, but was becoming more common and was available from street vendors.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-2"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-:4_6-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:4-6"><span class="cite-bracket">&#91;</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">&#93;</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Fusion_spaghetti_dishes">Fusion spaghetti dishes</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Edit section: Fusion spaghetti dishes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbecue_spaghetti" title="Barbecue spaghetti">Barbecue spaghetti</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cincinnati_chili" title="Cincinnati chili">Cincinnati chili</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Filipino_spaghetti" title="Filipino spaghetti">Filipino spaghetti</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_pasta_dishes" title="List of pasta dishes">List of pasta dishes</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFMénager2005" class="citation book cs1">Ménager, Mona Cassion (2005). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=AFqkDgG8Nf0C&amp;q=spaghetti&amp;pg=PA11"><i>Fine Haitian Cuisine</i></a>. Educa Vision Inc. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-58432-256-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-58432-256-6"><bdi>978-1-58432-256-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Fine+Haitian+Cuisine&amp;rft.pub=Educa+Vision+Inc.&amp;rft.date=2005&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-58432-256-6&amp;rft.aulast=M%C3%A9nager&amp;rft.aufirst=Mona+Cassion&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DAFqkDgG8Nf0C%26q%3Dspaghetti%26pg%3DPA11&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_2-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLamour2024" class="citation web cs1">Lamour, Joseph (2024-02-26). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.today.com/food/essay/haitian-spaghetti-history-rcna138878">"My mom's Haitian spaghetti recipe started a century ago with an assassination"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Today_(American_TV_program)" title="Today (American TV program)">Today</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Today&amp;rft.atitle=My+mom%27s+Haitian+spaghetti+recipe+started+a+century+ago+with+an+assassination&amp;rft.date=2024-02-26&amp;rft.aulast=Lamour&amp;rft.aufirst=Joseph&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.today.com%2Ffood%2Fessay%2Fhaitian-spaghetti-history-rcna138878&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLong2015" class="citation book cs1">Long, Lucy M. (2015-07-17). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=DBzYCQAAQBAJ&amp;q=spaghetti&amp;pg=PA257"><i>Ethnic American Food Today: A Cultural Encyclopedia</i></a>. Rowman &amp; Littlefield. pp.&#160;257+. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-2731-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4422-2731-6"><bdi>978-1-4422-2731-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=book&amp;rft.btitle=Ethnic+American+Food+Today%3A+A+Cultural+Encyclopedia&amp;rft.pages=257%2B&amp;rft.pub=Rowman+%26+Littlefield&amp;rft.date=2015-07-17&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-4422-2731-6&amp;rft.aulast=Long&amp;rft.aufirst=Lucy+M.&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DDBzYCQAAQBAJ%26q%3Dspaghetti%26pg%3DPA257&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFWongThurasObscura2021" class="citation book cs1">Wong, Cecily; Thuras, Dylan; Obscura, Atlas (12 October 2021). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=YcUZEAAAQBAJ&amp;dq=espageti+haiti&amp;pg=PA371">"Spaghetti with hot dogs for breakfast"</a>. <i>Gastro Obscura</i>. Workman. p.&#160;371. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5235-0219-6" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5235-0219-6"><bdi>978-1-5235-0219-6</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&amp;rft.genre=bookitem&amp;rft.atitle=Spaghetti+with+hot+dogs+for+breakfast&amp;rft.btitle=Gastro+Obscura&amp;rft.pages=371&amp;rft.pub=Workman&amp;rft.date=2021-10-12&amp;rft.isbn=978-1-5235-0219-6&amp;rft.aulast=Wong&amp;rft.aufirst=Cecily&amp;rft.au=Thuras%2C+Dylan&amp;rft.au=Obscura%2C+Atlas&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DYcUZEAAAQBAJ%26dq%3Despageti%2Bhaiti%26pg%3DPA371&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://m.haitiopen.com/culture/cuisine/haitian-spaghetti/">"Haitian Spaghetti Recipe"</a>. <i><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haiti_Open_(magazine)&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Haiti Open (magazine) (page does not exist)">Haiti Open</a></i>. 2020-09-06<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Haiti+Open&amp;rft.atitle=Haitian+Spaghetti+Recipe&amp;rft.date=2020-09-06&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fm.haitiopen.com%2Fculture%2Fcuisine%2Fhaitian-spaghetti%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:4-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:4_6-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGaillot2017" class="citation web cs1">Gaillot, Ann-Derrick (2017-03-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.eater.com/2017/3/2/14780710/haitian-spaghetti">"How Italian Spaghetti Became a Haitian Breakfast Staple"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eater_(website)" title="Eater (website)">Eater</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Eater&amp;rft.atitle=How+Italian+Spaghetti+Became+a+Haitian+Breakfast+Staple&amp;rft.date=2017-03-02&amp;rft.aulast=Gaillot&amp;rft.aufirst=Ann-Derrick&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.eater.com%2F2017%2F3%2F2%2F14780710%2Fhaitian-spaghetti&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_7-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLorell2021" class="citation web cs1">Lorell, Clair (2021-05-25). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://nola.eater.com/2021/5/25/22452306/haitian-restaurant-fritai-opens-treme-nola-charly-pierre">"Fritai Opens With Haitian Spaghetti and Clairin Cocktails in Treme"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Eater_New_Orleans" class="mw-redirect" title="Eater New Orleans">Eater New Orleans</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Eater+New+Orleans&amp;rft.atitle=Fritai+Opens+With+Haitian+Spaghetti+and+Clairin+Cocktails+in+Treme&amp;rft.date=2021-05-25&amp;rft.aulast=Lorell&amp;rft.aufirst=Clair&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fnola.eater.com%2F2021%2F5%2F25%2F22452306%2Fhaitian-restaurant-fritai-opens-treme-nola-charly-pierre&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Haitian_spaghetti&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFJames2024" class="citation web cs1">James, Andre (2024-03-02). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.timesfreepress.com/news/2024/mar/02/ever-heard-of-haitian-spaghetti-you-have-now/">"Restaurant Scene: Ever heard of Haitian spaghetti? You have now. | Chattanooga Times Free Press"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/Chattanooga_Times_Free_Press" title="Chattanooga Times Free Press">Chattanooga Times Free Press</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2024-04-27</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.jtitle=Chattanooga+Times+Free+Press&amp;rft.atitle=Restaurant+Scene%3A+Ever+heard+of+Haitian+spaghetti%3F+You+have+now.+%7C+Chattanooga+Times+Free+Press&amp;rft.date=2024-03-02&amp;rft.aulast=James&amp;rft.aufirst=Andre&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.timesfreepress.com%2Fnews%2F2024%2Fmar%2F02%2Fever-heard-of-haitian-spaghetti-you-have-now%2F&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AHaitian+spaghetti" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=tjt7AAAAMAAJ&amp;q=%22haitian+spaghetti%22"><i>Journal of Haitian Studies</i></a>. 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