MacMa, Software S1016 | MITRE ATT&CK®

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class="icon-button search-icon"></div></button> </li> </ul> </div> </nav> </header> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-0 flex-shrink-1">  <div class="col px-0">   <div class="container-fluid banner-message"> ATT&CK v16 has been released! Check out the <a href='https://medium.com/mitre-attack/attack-v16-561c76af94cf'>blog post</a> for more information. </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-1 flex-shrink-0">   <div class="sidebar nav sticky-top flex-column pr-0 pt-4 pb-3 pl-3" id="v-tab" role="tablist" aria-orientation="vertical"> <div class="resizer" id="resizer"></div>  <div id="sidebars"></div>  </div> <div class="tab-content col-xl-9 pt-4" id="v-tabContent"> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-attckmatrix" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v-attckmatrix-tab"> <ol class="breadcrumb"> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/">Home</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item"><a href="/software/">Software</a></li> <li class="breadcrumb-item">MacMa</li> </ol> <div class="tab-pane fade show active" id="v-" role="tabpanel" aria-labelledby="v--tab"></div> <div class="row"> <div class="col-xl-12"> <div class="jumbotron jumbotron-fluid"> <div class="container-fluid"> <h1> MacMa </h1> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-8"> <div class="description-body"> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> is a macOS-based backdoor with a large set of functionalities to control and exfiltrate files from a compromised computer. <a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has been observed in the wild since November 2021.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span> <a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> shares command and control and unique libraries with <a href="/software/S1146">MgBot</a> and <a href="/software/S1147">Nightdoor</a>, indicating a relationship with the <a href="/groups/G1034">Daggerfly</a> threat actor.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Threat Hunter Team. (2024, July 23). Daggerfly: Espionage Group Makes Major Update to Toolset. Retrieved July 25, 2024."data-reference="Symantec Daggerfly 2024"><sup><a href="https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/threat-intelligence/daggerfly-espionage-updated-toolset" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </div> </div> <div class="col-md-4"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"> <div id="card-id" class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">ID: </span>S1016 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="Names that have overlapping reference to a software entry and may refer to the same or similar software in threat intelligence reporting">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Associated Software</span>: OSX.CDDS, DazzleSpy </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="This software is commercial, custom closed source, or open source software intended to be used for malicious purposes by adversaries">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Type</span>: MALWARE </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"> <span data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="left" title="" data-test-ignore="true" data-original-title="The system an adversary is operating within; could be an operating system or application">ⓘ</span> </div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Platforms</span>: macOS </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Contributors</span>: Pooja Natarajan, NEC Corporation India; Hiroki Nagahama, NEC Corporation; Manikantan Srinivasan, NEC Corporation India </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Version</span>: 2.0 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Created: </span>06 May 2022 </div> </div> <div class="row card-data"> <div class="col-md-1 px-0 text-center"></div> <div class="col-md-11 pl-0"> <span class="h5 card-title">Last Modified: </span>26 July 2024 </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="text-center pt-2 version-button live"> <div class="live"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Permalink to this version of S1016" href="/versions/v16/software/S1016/" data-test-ignore="true">Version Permalink</a> </div> <div class="permalink"> <a data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="bottom" title="Go to the live version of S1016" href="/versions/v16/software/S1016/" data-test-ignore="true">Live Version</a> </div> </div> </div> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id ="aliasDescription">Associated Software Descriptions</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">Name</th> <th scope="col">Description</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> OSX.CDDS </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr> <td> DazzleSpy </td> <td> <p><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div>  <div class="dropdown h3 mt-3 float-right"> <button class="btn btn-navy dropdown-toggle" type="button" id="dropdownMenuButton" data-toggle="dropdown" aria-haspopup="true" aria-expanded="false"> <b>ATT&CK<sup>®</sup> Navigator Layers</b> </button> <div class="dropdown-menu" aria-labelledby="dropdownMenuButton"> <h6 class="dropdown-header">Enterprise Layer</h6> <a class="dropdown-item" href="/software/S1016/S1016-enterprise-layer.json" download target="_blank">download</a>  <a class="dropdown-item" href="#" id="view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise" target="_blank">view <img width="10" src="/theme/images/external-site-dark.jpeg"></a> <script src="/theme/scripts/settings.js"></script> <script> if (window.location.protocol == "https:") { //view on navigator only works when this site is hosted on HTTPS var layerURL = window.location.protocol + "//" + window.location.host + base_url + "software/S1016/S1016-enterprise-layer.json"; document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise").href = "https://mitre-attack.github.io/attack-navigator//#layerURL=" + encodeURIComponent(layerURL); } else { //hide button document.getElementById("view-layer-on-navigator-enterprise").classList.add("d-none"); } </script> </div> </div>  <h2 class="pt-3 mb-2" id="techniques">Techniques Used</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table techniques-used background table-bordered"> <thead> <tr> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Domain</th> <th class="p-2" colspan="2">ID</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Name</th> <th class="p-2" scope="col">Use</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1123">T1123</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1123">Audio Capture</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has the ability to record audio.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1059">T1059</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1059/004">.004</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1059">Command and Scripting Interpreter</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1059/004">Unix Shell</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can execute supplied shell commands and uses bash scripts to perform additional actions.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1543">T1543</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1543/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1543">Create or Modify System Process</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1543/001">Launch Agent</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> installs a <code>com.apple.softwareupdate.plist</code> file in the <code>/LaunchAgents</code> folder with the <code>RunAtLoad</code> value set to <code>true</code>. Upon user login, <a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> is executed from <code>/var/root/.local/softwareupdate</code> with root privileges. Some variations also include the <code>LimitLoadToSessionType</code> key with the value <code>Aqua</code>, ensuring the <a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> only runs when there is a logged in GUI user.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1555">T1555</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1555/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1555">Credentials from Password Stores</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1555/001">Keychain</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can dump credentials from the macOS keychain.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1005">T1005</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1005">Data from Local System</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can collect then exfiltrate files from the compromised system.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1074">T1074</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1074/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1074">Data Staged</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1074/001">Local Data Staging</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has stored collected files locally before exfiltration.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1140">T1140</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1140">Deobfuscate/Decode Files or Information</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> decrypts a downloaded file using AES-128-EBC with a custom delta.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1573">T1573</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1573">Encrypted Channel</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has used TLS encryption to initialize a custom protocol for C2 communications.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1041">T1041</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1041">Exfiltration Over C2 Channel</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> exfiltrates data from a supplied path over its C2 channel.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1083">T1083</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1083">File and Directory Discovery</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can search for a specific file on the compromised computer and can enumerate files in Desktop, Downloads, and Documents folders.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070">T1070</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070">Indicator Removal</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1070/002">Clear Linux or Mac System Logs</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can clear possible malware traces such as application logs.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070/004">.004</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070">Indicator Removal</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1070/004">File Deletion</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can delete itself from the compromised computer.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070/006">.006</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1070">Indicator Removal</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1070/006">Timestomp</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has the capability to create and modify file timestamps.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1105">T1105</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1105">Ingress Tool Transfer</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has downloaded additional files, including an exploit for used privilege escalation.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1056">T1056</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1056/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1056">Input Capture</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1056/001">Keylogging</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can use Core Graphics Event Taps to intercept user keystrokes from any text input field and saves them to text files. Text input fields include Spotlight, Finder, Safari, Mail, Messages, and other apps that have text fields for passwords.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-4') id="scite-ref-4-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Stokes, P. (2021, November 15). Infect If Needed | A Deeper Dive Into Targeted Backdoor macOS.Macma. Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="SentinelOne MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/infect-if-needed-a-deeper-dive-into-targeted-backdoor-macos-macma/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="3" aria-describedby="qtip-3">[4]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1106">T1106</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1106">Native API</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has used macOS API functions to perform tasks.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1095">T1095</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1095">Non-Application Layer Protocol</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has used a custom JSON-based protocol for its C&C communications.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1571">T1571</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1571">Non-Standard Port</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has used TCP port 5633 for C2 Communication.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1057">T1057</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1057">Process Discovery</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can enumerate running processes.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1021">T1021</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1021">Remote Services</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can manage remote screen sessions.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1113">T1113</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1113">Screen Capture</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has used Apple鈥檚 Core Graphic APIs, such as <code>CGWindowListCreateImageFromArray</code>, to capture the user's screen and open windows.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span><span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-3') id="scite-ref-3-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022."data-reference="Objective-See MacMa Nov 2021"><sup><a href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="2" aria-describedby="qtip-2">[3]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique noparent enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1553">T1553</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1553/001">.001</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1553">Subvert Trust Controls</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1553/001">Gatekeeper Bypass</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has removed the <code>com.apple.quarantineattribute</code> from the dropped file, <code>$TMPDIR/airportpaird</code>.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="sub technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td></td> <td></td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1553/002">.002</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1553">Subvert Trust Controls</a>: <a href="/techniques/T1553/002">Code Signing</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> has been delivered using ad hoc Apple Developer code signing certificates.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-5') id="scite-ref-5-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Phil Stokes. (2021, November 15). Infect If Needed | A Deeper Dive Into Targeted Backdoor macOS.Macma. Retrieved July 26, 2024."data-reference="SentinelOne Macma 2021"><sup><a href="https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/infect-if-needed-a-deeper-dive-into-targeted-backdoor-macos-macma/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="4" aria-describedby="qtip-4">[5]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1082">T1082</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1082">System Information Discovery</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can collect information about a compromised computer, including: Hardware UUID, Mac serial number, macOS version, and disk sizes.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1016">T1016</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1016">System Network Configuration Discovery</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can collect IP addresses from a compromised host.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> <tr class="technique enterprise" id="enterprise"> <td> Enterprise </td> <td colspan="2"> <a href="/techniques/T1033">T1033</a> </td> <td> <a href="/techniques/T1033">System Owner/User Discovery</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> can collect the username from the compromised machine.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-1') id="scite-ref-1-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022."data-reference="ESET DazzleSpy Jan 2022"><sup><a href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="0" aria-describedby="qtip-0">[1]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="groups">Groups That Use This Software</h2> <div class="tables-mobile"> <table class="table table-bordered table-alternate mt-2"> <thead> <tr> <th scope="col">ID</th> <th scope="col" width="20%">Name</th> <th scope="col">References</th> </tr> </thead> <tbody> <tr> <td> <a href="/groups/G1034">G1034</a> </td> <td> <a href="/groups/G1034">Daggerfly</a> </td> <td> <p><a href="/groups/G1034">Daggerfly</a> is linked to the use and potentially development of <a href="/software/S1016">MacMa</a> through overlapping command and control infrastructure and shared libraries with other unique tools.<span onclick=scrollToRef('scite-2') id="scite-ref-2-a" class="scite-citeref-number" title="Threat Hunter Team. (2024, July 23). Daggerfly: Espionage Group Makes Major Update to Toolset. Retrieved July 25, 2024."data-reference="Symantec Daggerfly 2024"><sup><a href="https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/threat-intelligence/daggerfly-espionage-updated-toolset" target="_blank" data-hasqtip="1" aria-describedby="qtip-1">[2]</a></sup></span></p> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> </div> <h2 class="pt-3" id="references">References</h2> <div class="row"> <div class="col"> <ol> <li> <span id="scite-1" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-1" href="https://www.welivesecurity.com/2022/01/25/watering-hole-deploys-new-macos-malware-dazzlespy-asia/" target="_blank"> M.L茅veill茅, M., Cherepanov, A.. (2022, January 25). Watering hole deploys new macOS malware, DazzleSpy, in Asia. Retrieved May 6, 2022. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-2" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-2" href="https://symantec-enterprise-blogs.security.com/threat-intelligence/daggerfly-espionage-updated-toolset" target="_blank"> Threat Hunter Team. (2024, July 23). Daggerfly: Espionage Group Makes Major Update to Toolset. Retrieved July 25, 2024. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-3" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-3" href="https://objective-see.org/blog/blog_0x69.html" target="_blank"> Wardle, P. (2021, November 11). OSX.CDDS (OSX.MacMa). Retrieved June 30, 2022. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> <div class="col"> <ol start="4.0"> <li> <span id="scite-4" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-4" href="https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/infect-if-needed-a-deeper-dive-into-targeted-backdoor-macos-macma/" target="_blank"> Stokes, P. (2021, November 15). Infect If Needed | A Deeper Dive Into Targeted Backdoor macOS.Macma. Retrieved June 30, 2022. </a> </span> </span> </li> <li> <span id="scite-5" class="scite-citation"> <span class="scite-citation-text"> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" name="scite-5" href="https://www.sentinelone.com/labs/infect-if-needed-a-deeper-dive-into-targeted-backdoor-macos-macma/" target="_blank"> Phil Stokes. (2021, November 15). Infect If Needed | A Deeper Dive Into Targeted Backdoor macOS.Macma. Retrieved July 26, 2024. </a> </span> </span> </li> </ol> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div>   <div class="overlay search" id="search-overlay" style="display: none;"> <div class="overlay-inner">  <div class="search-header"> <div class="search-input"> <input type="text" id="search-input" placeholder="search"> </div> <div class="search-icons"> <div class="search-parsing-icon spinner-border" style="display: none" id="search-parsing-icon"></div> <div class="close-search-icon" id="close-search-icon">×</div> </div> </div>  <div id="search-body" class="search-body"> <div class="results" id="search-results">  </div> <div id="load-more-results" class="load-more-results"> <button class="btn btn-default" id="load-more-results-button">load more results</button> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="row flex-grow-0 flex-shrink-1">  <footer class="col footer"> <div class="container-fluid"> <div class="row row-footer"> <div class="col-2 col-sm-2 col-md-2"> <div class="footer-center-responsive my-auto"> <a href="https://www.mitre.org" target="_blank" rel="noopener" aria-label="MITRE"> <img src="/theme/images/mitrelogowhiteontrans.gif" class="mitre-logo-wtrans"> </a> </div> </div> <div class="col-2 col-sm-2 footer-responsive-break"></div> <div class="footer-link-group"> <div class="row row-footer"> <div class="px-3 col-footer"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/resources/engage-with-attack/contact" class="footer-link">Contact Us</a></u> </div> <div class="px-3 col-footer"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/resources/legal-and-branding/terms-of-use" class="footer-link">Terms of Use</a></u> </div> <div class="px-3 col-footer"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/resources/legal-and-branding/privacy" class="footer-link">Privacy Policy</a></u> </div> <div class="px-3"> <u class="footer-link"><a href="/resources/changelog.html" class="footer-link" data-toggle="tooltip" data-placement="top" data-html="true" title="ATT&CK content v16.1Website v4.2.1">Website Changelog</a></u> </div> </div> <div class="row"> <small class="px-3"> © 2015 - 2024, The MITRE Corporation. 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