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<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "//www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd"><html xmlns="//www.w3.org/1999/xhtml"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width; initial-scale=1.0;"/><title>Luke 3 Expositor's Dictionary of Texts</title><link rel="canonical" href="https://biblehub.com/commentaries/edt/luke/31.htm" /><link href='//fonts.googleapis.com/css?family=Cardo&subset=greek-ext' rel='stylesheet' type='text/css'><link rel="stylesheet" href="/5001com.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="../spec.css" type="text/css" media="Screen" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 4800px), only screen and (max-device-width: 4800px)" href="/4801.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1550px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1550px)" href="/1551.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1250px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1250px)" href="/1251.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 1050px), only screen and (max-device-width: 1050px)" href="/1051.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 900px), only screen and (max-device-width: 900px)" href="/901.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 800px), only screen and (max-device-width: 800px)" href="/801.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-width: 575px), only screen and (max-device-width: 575px)" href="/501.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link media="handheld, only screen and (max-height: 450px), only screen and (max-device-height: 450px)" href="/h451.css" type="text/css" rel="stylesheet" /><link rel="stylesheet" href="/print.css" type="text/css" media="Print" /><script type="application/javascript" src="https://scripts.webcontentassessor.com/scripts/8a2459b64f9cac8122fc7f2eac4409c8555fac9383016db59c4c26e3d5b8b157"></script><script src='https://qd.admetricspro.com/js/biblehub/biblehub-layout-loader-revcatch.js'></script><script id='HyDgbd_1s' src='https://prebidads.revcatch.com/ads.js' type='text/javascript' async></script><script>(function(w,d,b,s,i){var cts=d.createElement(s);cts.async=true;cts.id='catchscript'; 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and Established Church priesthoods have not been generally on particularly good terms with prophets. The only occasion on which the two orders are said to have been in harmony was when the prophets prophesied lies, and the priests bore rule in their name.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>—Froude.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital"><a href="/luke/3-2.htm" title="Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came to John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.">Luke 3:2</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span>The young who are of healthy, lively blood and clean conscience have either emotion or imagination to fold them defensively from an enemy world; whose power to drive them forth into the wilderness they acknowledge. But in the wilderness their souls are not beaten down by breath of mortals; they burn straight flame there up to the parent Spirit.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>—George Meredith.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital"><a href="/luke/3-3.htm" title="And he came into all the country about Jordan, preaching the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins;">Luke 3:3</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span>Friend Arthur was a Sadducee, and the Baptist might be in the wilderness shouting to the poor, who were listening with all their might and faith to the preacher's awful accents and denunciation of wrath or woe or salvation; and our friend the Sadducee would turn his sleek mule with a shrug and a smile from the crowd, and go home to the shade of his terrace, and muse over preacher and audience, and turn to his roll of Plato, or his pleasant Greek song-book babbling of honey and Hybla, and nymphs and fountains and love. To what, we say, does this scepticism lead? It leads a man to a shameful loneliness and selfishness, so as to speak—the more shameful, because it is so good-humoured and conscienceless and serene.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>—Thackeray, in the sixty-first chapter of <span class="ital">Pendennis.</span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span> References.—III. 3.—A. G. Mortimer, <span class="ital">The Church's Lessons for the Christian Year,</span> pt. i. p. 63. III. 4.—J. Arnold, <span class="ital">The Interpretation of Scripture,</span> p. 10. H. Windross, <span class="ital">Preacher's Magazine,</span> vol. v. p. 508. III. 4, 6.—<span class="ital">Expositor</span> (5th Series), vol. vii. p. 458. III. 5, 6.—E. W. Attwood, <span class="ital">Sermons for Clergy and Laity,</span> p. 28. III. 7.—<span class="ital">Expositor</span> (6th Series), vol. vi. p. 379. III. 7-9.—<span class="ital">Ibid.</span> (4th Series), vol. iii. p. 310. III. 7-14.—<span class="ital">Ibid,</span> (6th Series), vol. i. p. 371. III. <span class="ital">8.—Ibid.</span> vol. ix. p. 215.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital"><a href="/luke/3-9.htm" title="And now also the ax is laid to the root of the trees: every tree therefore which brings not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.">Luke 3:9</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span>'The fourth captain' of Shaddai' was Captain Execution. His ensign was one Mr. Justice; he also bare the red colours, and his scutcheon was a fruitless tree with an axe lying at the root thereof.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>—Bunyan, <span class="ital">Holy War.</span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span> References.—III. 9-17.—<span class="ital">Expositor</span> (4th Series), vol. ii. p. 207. III. 11.—<span class="ital">Ibid.</span> (7th Series), vol. vi. p. 487.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="bld">Suggestions Towards a New Kind of Economy</span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital"><a href="/luke/3-14.htm" title="And the soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what shall we do? And he said to them, Do violence to no man, neither accuse any falsely; and be content with your wages.">Luke 3:14</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span>This is a time when it is quite certain we have not reached the summit of our striving, but when it seems to almost every one that we are very near it. Hence an unhealthy, feverish impatience. In slower days men took duties for theirs and left results to God. It is not easy to do so now. Duties have been done long enough; causes have been pleaded; mountains have been scaled; and it is for us now to enter into fruition. I. But the times and the seasons are still in the power of the Father, and with Him it is better we should leave them. Many causes have been sharply retarded because their leaders committed themselves to chronological prophecies. Three years—and then cometh harvest—said the man of the golden mouth; and, because of that, fifty years have come and gone, and the harvest is still unreaped. The mountain climber achieves one height to find another far above him. On the very verge of attainment some undreamt-of foe rises out of the earth, and our hopes are thrown back for years. Work is done poorly, hastily, nervously, and with grudging under these conditions. Let us return to the ways of the wiser workman into whose labours we have entered. They toiled on for long and far results. They thankfully accepted every sign and token, however faint, of progress. But they lived on little of such fare, and were stronger and calmer than we, to whom it often seems that summer is at the doors. Instead of always anticipating the end, let as toil on and feel no pang, though it is delayed till we are no more in these streets and beneath these skies.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>II. It is hard to pay the price of honesty. It is not so much that a true man cares for himself as for his influence and for the cause dear to him. The party has probably given him at least as much as he has given the party. Outside he is accepted as its representative, and its adherents are ready with their 'loud huzzas' for everything he says. His comrades, whom he has acted with till they have become a kind of second conscience to him, are estranged—perhaps embittered. Life is hardly long enough for such wrenches as these. But for conscience' sake they must be borne, though influence, reputation, friends, and career should all go. Whenever conscience is dead the grave is dug for all the faculties, however loud and busy they may be. We need this for our life as a nation—men who will not sell the truth, and with it their own souls, to any party, ecclesiastical, theological, or political.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>III. How is the practice of this economy to be learned? It is a sovereign remedy to remember that we can do with very little happiness of any kind—of this kind among the rest. Arthur Helps has reminded us in one of his finest passages of what men have lived through, and not ignobly or complainingly—'in noisome dungeons, in studied tortures, in abject and shifting poverty, after consummate shame, upon tremendous change of fortune, in the profoundest desolation of mind and soul, in forced companionship with all that is unlovely and uncongenial'. Who are we that we should claim a better fate? In Metastasio's beautiful image the mind, like water, passes through all states till it is united to what it is ever seeking. Then, have we made the most of the happiness we have?<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>Consider Christ and His chosen vessel St. Paul. Both most dearly prized recognition; both thanked God and took courage at every token of cheer; both experienced the bitterest secrets of solitude. Through long tracts the life of Christ flowed on like the Nile, uncheered by the refreshment of tributary streams, to the lonely and awful end. St. Paul had no one to stand by him in an experience after which a man is never the same. Both deliberately provoked the violence of the forces by which their lives ended. Yet how much they made of the smallest token of affection; with what a wealth of promise and benediction our Lord welcomed kindness to Himself and others like Him when He said, <span class="ital">He that receiveth a prophet in the name of a prophet, shall receive a prophet's reward.</span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span>If duty is to be done steadily, calmly, and faithfully in our days, these are the examples that must guide us. The appointed end is sure; though the time and track of progress may be and will be at variance with our hopes and dreams. Jesus has yet many things to say to us; we could not bear them now.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span>—W. Robertson Nicoll, <span class="ital">Ten-Minute Sermons,</span> p. 185.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span> Reference.—III. 15-22.—A. Maclaren, <span class="ital">Expositions of Holy Scripture</span>—<span class="ital">St. Luke,</span> p. 73.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span><span class="ital"><a href="/luke/3-16.htm" title="John answered, saying to them all, I indeed baptize you with water; but one mightier than I comes, the lace of whose shoes I am not worthy to unloose: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost and with fire:">Luke 3:16</a></span><span class="p"><br /><br /></span>'I begin to think,' says Glory Quayle in Mr. Hall Caine's novel, <span class="ital">The Christian, </span>'that the real difference between preachers is the difference of the fire below the crust.'<span class="p"><br /><br /></span> References.—III. 16.—J. Keble, <span class="ital">Village Sermons on the Baptismal Service,</span> p. 10. Spurgeon, <span class="ital">Sermons,</span> vol. xviii. No. 1044. <span class="ital">Expositor</span> (7th Series), vol. x. p. 180; (4th Series), vol. ix. p. 7. III. 21.—A. G. Mortimer, <span class="ital">The Church's Lessons for the Christian Year,</span> pt i. p. 120. C. J. Vaughan, <span class="ital">The Prayers of Jesus Christ,</span> p. 28. <span class="ital">Expositor</span> (4th Series), vol. ix. p. 451. <span class="ital">Ibid.</span> (5th Series), vol. vi. p. 98. III. 21, 22.—J. Keble, <span class="ital">Sermons for Ascension Day to Trinity Sunday,</span> p. 176. III. 22.—<span class="ital">Expositor</span> (6th Series), vol. v. p. 73. III. 23.—<span class="ital">Ibid.</span> (4th Series), vol. iii. p. 286. III. 24.—T. Sadler, <span class="ital">Sermons for Children,</span> p. 63. III. 38.—S. Cox, <span class="ital">Expositions,</span> p. 27. H. Rix, <span class="ital">Sermons, Addresses, and Essays,</span> p. 1. III. 46.—Joseph Parker, <span class="ital">Christian World Pulpit,</span> vol. lvi. p. 17. IV. 1.—<span class="ital">Expositor</span> (5th Series), vol. vii. p. 189. IV. 1, 2.—<span class="ital">Ibid.</span> (4th Series), vol. iii. p. 190. IV. 1-3.—H. Melvill, <span class="ital">Penny Pulpit,</span> No. 1669, p. 391. IV. 1-13.—<span class="ital">Expositor</span> (4th Series), vol. ii. pp. 303, 439. A. Maclaren, <span class="ital">Expositions of Holy Scripture</span>—<span class="ital">St. Luke,</span> p. 78. IV. 2.—W. Y. Fullerton, <span class="ital">Christ and Men,</span> p. 56.<span class="p"><br /><br /></span> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-2.htm">Luke 3:2</a></div><div class="verse">Annas and Caiaphas being the high priests, the word of God came unto John the son of Zacharias in the wilderness.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-3.htm">Luke 3:3</a></div><div class="verse">And he came into all the country about Jordan, preaching the baptism of repentance for the remission of sins;</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-4.htm">Luke 3:4</a></div><div class="verse">As it is written in the book of the words of Esaias the prophet, saying, The voice of one crying in the wilderness, Prepare ye the way of the Lord, make his paths straight.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-5.htm">Luke 3:5</a></div><div class="verse">Every valley shall be filled, and every mountain and hill shall be brought low; and the crooked shall be made straight, and the rough ways <i>shall be</i> made smooth;</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-6.htm">Luke 3:6</a></div><div class="verse">And all flesh shall see the salvation of God.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-7.htm">Luke 3:7</a></div><div class="verse">Then said he to the multitude that came forth to be baptized of him, O generation of vipers, who hath warned you to flee from the wrath to come?</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-8.htm">Luke 3:8</a></div><div class="verse">Bring forth therefore fruits worthy of repentance, and begin not to say within yourselves, We have Abraham to <i>our</i> father: for I say unto you, That God is able of these stones to raise up children unto Abraham.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-9.htm">Luke 3:9</a></div><div class="verse">And now also the axe is laid unto the root of the trees: every tree therefore which bringeth not forth good fruit is hewn down, and cast into the fire.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-10.htm">Luke 3:10</a></div><div class="verse">And the people asked him, saying, What shall we do then?</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-11.htm">Luke 3:11</a></div><div class="verse">He answereth and saith unto them, He that hath two coats, let him impart to him that hath none; and he that hath meat, let him do likewise.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-12.htm">Luke 3:12</a></div><div class="verse">Then came also publicans to be baptized, and said unto him, Master, what shall we do?</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-13.htm">Luke 3:13</a></div><div class="verse">And he said unto them, Exact no more than that which is appointed you.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-14.htm">Luke 3:14</a></div><div class="verse">And the soldiers likewise demanded of him, saying, And what shall we do? And he said unto them, Do violence to no man, neither accuse <i>any</i> falsely; and be content with your wages.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-15.htm">Luke 3:15</a></div><div class="verse">And as the people were in expectation, and all men mused in their hearts of John, whether he were the Christ, or not;</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-16.htm">Luke 3:16</a></div><div class="verse">John answered, saying unto <i>them</i> all, I indeed baptize you with water; but one mightier than I cometh, the latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to unloose: he shall baptize you with the Holy Ghost and with fire:</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-17.htm">Luke 3:17</a></div><div class="verse">Whose fan <i>is</i> in his hand, and he will throughly purge his floor, and will gather the wheat into his garner; but the chaff he will burn with fire unquenchable.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-18.htm">Luke 3:18</a></div><div class="verse">And many other things in his exhortation preached he unto the people.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-19.htm">Luke 3:19</a></div><div class="verse">But Herod the tetrarch, being reproved by him for Herodias his brother Philip's wife, and for all the evils which Herod had done,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-20.htm">Luke 3:20</a></div><div class="verse">Added yet this above all, that he shut up John in prison.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-21.htm">Luke 3:21</a></div><div class="verse">Now when all the people were baptized, it came to pass, that Jesus also being baptized, and praying, the heaven was opened,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-22.htm">Luke 3:22</a></div><div class="verse">And the Holy Ghost descended in a bodily shape like a dove upon him, and a voice came from heaven, which said, Thou art my beloved Son; in thee I am well pleased.</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-23.htm">Luke 3:23</a></div><div class="verse">And Jesus himself began to be about thirty years of age, being (as was supposed) the son of Joseph, which was <i>the son</i> of Heli,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-24.htm">Luke 3:24</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Matthat, which was <i>the son</i> of Levi, which was <i>the son</i> of Melchi, which was <i>the son</i> of Janna, which was <i>the son</i> of Joseph,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-25.htm">Luke 3:25</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Mattathias, which was <i>the son</i> of Amos, which was <i>the son</i> of Naum, which was <i>the son</i> of Esli, which was <i>the son</i> of Nagge,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-26.htm">Luke 3:26</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Maath, which was <i>the son</i> of Mattathias, which was <i>the son</i> of Semei, which was <i>the son</i> of Joseph, which was <i>the son</i> of Juda,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-27.htm">Luke 3:27</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Joanna, which was <i>the son</i> of Rhesa, which was <i>the son</i> of Zorobabel, which was <i>the son</i> of Salathiel, which was <i>the son</i> of Neri,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-28.htm">Luke 3:28</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Melchi, which was <i>the son</i> of Addi, which was <i>the son</i> of Cosam, which was <i>the son</i> of Elmodam, which was <i>the son</i> of Er,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-29.htm">Luke 3:29</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Jose, which was <i>the son</i> of Eliezer, which was <i>the son</i> of Jorim, which was <i>the son</i> of Matthat, which was <i>the son</i> of Levi,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-30.htm">Luke 3:30</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Simeon, which was <i>the son</i> of Juda, which was <i>the son</i> of Joseph, which was <i>the son</i> of Jonan, which was <i>the son</i> of Eliakim,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-31.htm">Luke 3:31</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Melea, which was <i>the son</i> of Menan, which was <i>the son</i> of Mattatha, which was <i>the son</i> of Nathan, which was <i>the son</i> of David,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-32.htm">Luke 3:32</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Jesse, which was <i>the son</i> of Obed, which was <i>the son</i> of Booz, which was <i>the son</i> of Salmon, which was <i>the son</i> of Naasson,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-33.htm">Luke 3:33</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Aminadab, which was <i>the son</i> of Aram, which was <i>the son</i> of Esrom, which was <i>the son</i> of Phares, which was <i>the son</i> of Juda,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-34.htm">Luke 3:34</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Jacob, which was <i>the son</i> of Isaac, which was <i>the son</i> of Abraham, which was <i>the son</i> of Thara, which was <i>the son</i> of Nachor,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-35.htm">Luke 3:35</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Saruch, which was <i>the son</i> of Ragau, which was <i>the son</i> of Phalec, which was <i>the son</i> of Heber, which was <i>the son</i> of Sala,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-36.htm">Luke 3:36</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Cainan, which was <i>the son</i> of Arphaxad, which was <i>the son</i> of Sem, which was <i>the son</i> of Noe, which was <i>the son</i> of Lamech,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-37.htm">Luke 3:37</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Mathusala, which was <i>the son</i> of Enoch, which was <i>the son</i> of Jared, which was <i>the son</i> of Maleleel, which was <i>the son</i> of Cainan,</div> <div class="versenum"><a href="/luke/3-38.htm">Luke 3:38</a></div><div class="verse">Which was <i>the son</i> of Enos, which was <i>the son</i> of Seth, which was <i>the son</i> of Adam, which was <i>the son</i> of God.</div><div id="botbox"><div class="padbot"><div align="center">Nicoll - Expositor's Dictionary of Texts<br /><br />Text Courtesy of <a href="//biblesupport.com" target="_top">BibleSupport.com</a>. 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