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class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Gevangenskap en dood</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Gevangenskap_en_dood-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Identifikasie" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Identifikasie"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Identifikasie</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Identifikasie-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Verwysings" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Verwysings"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Verwysings</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Verwysings-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bronne" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bronne"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Bronne</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bronne-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Eksterne_skakels" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Eksterne_skakels"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Eksterne skakels</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Eksterne_skakels-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Inhoud" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Inhoudsopgawe" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Wissel die inhoudsopgawe" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Wissel die inhoudsopgawe</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Groothertogin Maria Nikolajewna van Rusland</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gaan na 'n artikel in 'n ander taal. Beskikbaar in 47 tale" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-47" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">47 tale</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="الدوقة الكبرى ماريا نيكولايفنا من روسيا (1899–1918) – Arabies" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الدوقة الكبرى ماريا نيكولايفنا من روسيا (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%82%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%83%D8%A8%D8%B1%D9%89_%D9%85%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%A7_%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%83%D9%88%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%8A%D9%81%D9%86%D8%A7_%D9%85%D9%86_%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A7" title="الدوقه الكبرى ماريا نيكولايفنا من روسيا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الدوقه الكبرى ماريا نيكولايفنا من روسيا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariya_Nikolayevna_Romanova" title="Mariya Nikolayevna Romanova – Azerbeidjans" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mariya Nikolayevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbeidjans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%8B%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D1%9E%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%B2%D1%8F%D0%BB%D1%96%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Марыя Мікалаеўна (вялікая княжна) – Belarussies" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Марыя Мікалаеўна (вялікая княжна)" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarussies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_(1899_%E2%80%93_1918)" title="Мария Николаевна (1899 – 1918) – Bulgaars" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Мария Николаевна (1899 – 1918)" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_de_R%C3%BAssia_(gran_duquessa_de_R%C3%BAssia)" title="Maria de Rússia (gran duquessa de Rússia) – Katalaans" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Maria de Rússia (gran duquessa de Rússia)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marie_Nikolajevna" title="Marie Nikolajevna – Tsjeggies" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Marie Nikolajevna" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Tsjeggies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolaevna" title="Maria Nikolaevna – Wallies" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Maria Nikolaevna" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wallies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolajevna_af_Rusland_(1899-1918)" title="Maria Nikolajevna af Rusland (1899-1918) – Deens" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Maria Nikolajevna af Rusland (1899-1918)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Deens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Nikolajewna_Romanowa_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="Marija Nikolajewna Romanowa (1899–1918) – Duits" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Marija Nikolajewna Romanowa (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Duits" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B3%CE%AC%CE%BB%CE%B7_%CE%94%CE%BF%CF%8D%CE%BA%CE%B9%CF%83%CF%83%CE%B1_%CE%9C%CE%B1%CF%81%CE%AF%CE%B1_%CE%9D%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%BF%CE%BB%CE%AC%CE%B3%CE%B9%CE%B5%CE%B2%CE%BD%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%B7%CF%82_%CE%A1%CF%89%CF%83%CE%AF%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Μεγάλη Δούκισσα Μαρία Νικολάγιεβνα της Ρωσίας – Grieks" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεγάλη Δούκισσα Μαρία Νικολάγιεβνα της Ρωσίας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Grieks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchess_Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia" title="Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia – Engels" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Engels" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Nikolajevna_Romanova" title="Marija Nikolajevna Romanova – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Marija Nikolajevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Nikol%C3%A1yevna_Rom%C3%A1nova_(1899-1918)" title="María Nikoláyevna Románova (1899-1918) – Spaans" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="María Nikoláyevna Románova (1899-1918)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolaievna_Romanova_(1899-1918)" title="Maria Nikolaievna Romanova (1899-1918) – Baskies" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Maria Nikolaievna Romanova (1899-1918)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Baskies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Nikolajevna_Romanova" title="Marija Nikolajevna Romanova – Fins" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Marija Nikolajevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Fins" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikola%C3%AFevna_de_Russie_(1899-1918)" title="Maria Nikolaïevna de Russie (1899-1918) – Frans" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Maria Nikolaïevna de Russie (1899-1918)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Frans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mar%C3%ADa_Nikolaevna_Romanova" title="María Nikolaevna Romanova – Galisies" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="María Nikolaevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%A8%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%90%D7%99%D7%99%D7%91%D7%A0%D7%94,_%D7%94%D7%A0%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%9B%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%92%D7%93%D7%95%D7%9C%D7%94_%D7%A9%D7%9C_%D7%A8%D7%95%D7%A1%D7%99%D7%94_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="מריה ניקולאייבנה, הנסיכה הגדולה של רוסיה (1899–1918) – Hebreeus" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="מריה ניקולאייבנה, הנסיכה הגדולה של רוסיה (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebreeus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Nyikolajevna_Romanova_orosz_nagyhercegn%C5%91_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="Marija Nyikolajevna Romanova orosz nagyhercegnő (1899–1918) – Hongaars" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Marija Nyikolajevna Romanova orosz nagyhercegnő (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hongaars" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A1_%D5%86%D5%AB%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%AC%D5%A1%D6%87%D5%B6%D5%A1_%D5%8C%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%A1_(%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%AE_%D5%AB%D5%B7%D5%AD%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B0%D5%AB)" title="Մարիա Նիկոլաևնա Ռոմանովա (մեծ իշխանուհի) – Armeens" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մարիա Նիկոլաևնա Ռոմանովա (մեծ իշխանուհի)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adipatni_Agung_Maria_Nikolaevna_dari_Rusia" title="Adipatni Agung Maria Nikolaevna dari Rusia – Indonesies" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Adipatni Agung Maria Nikolaevna dari Rusia" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Nikolaevna_Romanova" title="Marija Nikolaevna Romanova – Italiaans" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Marija Nikolaevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italiaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%AA%E3%82%A2%E3%83%BB%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A8%E3%83%B4%E3%83%8A_(%E3%83%8B%E3%82%B3%E3%83%A9%E3%82%A42%E4%B8%96%E7%9A%87%E5%A5%B3)" title="マリア・ニコラエヴナ (ニコライ2世皇女) – Japannees" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マリア・ニコラエヴナ (ニコライ2世皇女)" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japannees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98%E1%83%90_%E1%83%A0%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%9D%E1%83%95%E1%83%90" title="მარია რომანოვა – Georgies" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მარია რომანოვა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D2%B1%D0%BB%D1%8B_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B7%D1%8C_%D2%9B%D1%8B%D0%B7%D1%8B)" title="Мария Николаевна (ұлы князь қызы) – Kazaks" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Мария Николаевна (ұлы князь қызы)" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A7%88%EB%A6%AC%EC%95%BC_%EB%8B%88%EC%BD%9C%EB%9D%BC%EC%98%88%EB%B8%8C%EB%82%98_%EC%97%AC%EB%8C%80%EA%B3%B5_(1899%EB%85%84)" title="마리야 니콜라예브나 여대공 (1899년) – Koreaans" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="마리야 니콜라예브나 여대공 (1899년)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Koreaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nicolai_filia_Romanova_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="Maria Nicolai filia Romanova (1899–1918) – Latyn" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Maria Nicolai filia Romanova (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Marija_Nikolajevna_(lielk%C5%86aze)" title="Marija Nikolajevna (lielkņaze) – Letties" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Marija Nikolajevna (lielkņaze)" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Letties" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolajevna_van_Rusland_(1899-1918)" title="Maria Nikolajevna van Rusland (1899-1918) – Nederlands" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Maria Nikolajevna van Rusland (1899-1918)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Nederlands" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolajevna_av_Russland" title="Maria Nikolajevna av Russland – Boeknoors" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Maria Nikolajevna av Russland" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Boeknoors" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Romanowa_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="Maria Romanowa (1899–1918) – Pools" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Maria Romanowa (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Pools" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="good article badge"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolaevna_da_R%C3%BAssia" title="Maria Nikolaevna da Rússia – Portugees" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Maria Nikolaevna da Rússia" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nicolaevna,_Mare_Duces%C4%83_a_Rusiei" title="Maria Nicolaevna, Mare Ducesă a Rusiei – Roemeens" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Maria Nicolaevna, Mare Ducesă a Rusiei" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Roemeens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%8F_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0_(%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%BA%D0%BD%D1%8F%D0%B6%D0%BD%D0%B0)" title="Мария Николаевна (великая княжна) – Russies" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Мария Николаевна (великая княжна)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grand_Duchess_Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia" title="Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Grand Duchess Maria Nikolaevna of Russia" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A1ria_Nikolajevna" title="Mária Nikolajevna – Slowaaks" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Mária Nikolajevna" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slowaaks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velika_vojvodinja_Marija_Nikolajeva_Ruska" title="Velika vojvodinja Marija Nikolajeva Ruska – Sloweens" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Velika vojvodinja Marija Nikolajeva Ruska" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloweens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0_%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%98%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Марија Николајевна – Serwies" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Марија Николајевна" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serwies" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolaevna" title="Maria Nikolaevna – Sundanees" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Maria Nikolaevna" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sundanees" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_Nikolajevna_Romanova" title="Maria Nikolajevna Romanova – Sweeds" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Maria Nikolajevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweeds" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maria_wa_Urusi" title="Maria wa Urusi – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Maria wa Urusi" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%8C%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8A%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%AA%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B5%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2_%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%84%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B2_%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AB%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%87%E0%B8%A3%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%AA%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2_(1899%E2%80%931918)" title="แกรนด์ดัชเชสมารีเยีย นีคะลายีฟนา แห่งรัสเซีย (1899–1918) – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แกรนด์ดัชเชสมารีเยีย นีคะลายีฟนา แห่งรัสเซีย (1899–1918)" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariya_Nikolayevna_Romanova" title="Mariya Nikolayevna Romanova – Turks" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Mariya Nikolayevna Romanova" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turks" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D1%80%D1%96%D1%8F_%D0%9C%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%97%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Марія Миколаївна – Oekraïens" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Марія Миколаївна" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Oekraïens" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mariya_Nikolayevna_c%E1%BB%A7a_Nga" title="Mariya Nikolayevna của Nga – Viëtnamees" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Mariya Nikolayevna của Nga" 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data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Voorkoms</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">skuif na kantbalk</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">versteek</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">in Wikipedia, die vrye ensiklopedie</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="af" dir="ltr"><p><i>Hierdie naam is volgens die <a href="/wiki/Oos-Slawiese_tale" title="Oos-Slawiese tale">Oos-Slawiese gebruik</a>; die <a href="/wiki/Patroniem" title="Patroniem">patroniem</a> is Nikolajewna en die <a href="/wiki/Van" title="Van">van</a> is Romanowa.</i> </p> <table class="infobox biography vcard" style="width:22em"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" style="text-align:center;font-size:125%;font-weight:bold"><div class="fn" style="display:inline">Maria Nikolajewna</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" style="text-align:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg/220px-Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="312" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg/330px-Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/72/Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg/440px-Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia_1914.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3402" /></a></span><div>Groothertogin Maria Nikolajewna in 1914.</div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Gebore</th><td><div style="display:inline" class="nickname">Maria Nikolajewna Romanowa<br />(Мария Николаевна Романова)</div><br /><span style="display:none">(<span class="bday">1899-06-26</span>)</span>26 Junie 1899<br /><div style="display:inline" class="birthplace"><a href="/wiki/Peterhof" title="Peterhof">Peterhof</a>, <a href="/wiki/Russiese_Keiserryk" class="mw-redirect" title="Russiese Keiserryk">Russiese Keiserryk</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Sterf</th><td>17 Julie 1918 (op 19)<br /><div style="display:inline" class="deathplace"><a href="/wiki/Jekaterinburg" title="Jekaterinburg">Jekaterinburg</a>, <a href="/wiki/USSR" class="mw-redirect" title="USSR">USSR</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Nasionaliteit</th><td class="category"><a href="/wiki/Rusland" title="Rusland">Russies</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Titel</th><td class="title">Groothertogin</td></tr><tr><th scope="row">Ouer(s)</th><td><a href="/wiki/Nikolaas_II_van_Rusland" title="Nikolaas II van Rusland">Nikolaas II van Rusland</a> <br /><a href="/wiki/Prinses_Alix_van_Hesse-Darmstadt" title="Prinses Alix van Hesse-Darmstadt">Aleksandra Fjodorowna</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Groothertogin Maria Nikolajewna van Rusland</b> (Maria Nikolajewna Romanowa; <a href="/wiki/Russies" title="Russies">Russies</a>: великая княжна Мария Николаевна, <i>welikaja knjazjna Maria Nikolajewna</i>; 26 Junie <small>[<a href="/wiki/Ou_Styl_en_Nuwe_Styl_datums" class="mw-redirect" title="Ou Styl en Nuwe Styl datums">O.S.</a> 14 Junie]</small> 1897 – 17 Julie 1918) was die derde oudste dogter van die laaste tsaar, <a href="/wiki/Nikolaas_II_van_Rusland" title="Nikolaas II van Rusland">Nikolaas II van Rusland</a>, en sy vrou, <a href="/wiki/Prinses_Alix_van_Hesse-Darmstadt" title="Prinses Alix van Hesse-Darmstadt">Aleksandra Fjodorowna</a>. </p><p>Maria was tydens die <a href="/wiki/Eerste_W%C3%AAreldoorlog" title="Eerste Wêreldoorlog">Eerste Wêreldoorlog</a> te jonk om soos haar twee ouer susters, <a href="/wiki/Groothertogin_Olga_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland" title="Groothertogin Olga Nikolajewna van Rusland">Olga</a> en <a href="/wiki/Groothertogin_Tatjana_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland" title="Groothertogin Tatjana Nikolajewna van Rusland">Tatjana</a>, verpleegsters te word. Sy was egter die beskermpersoon van ’n hospitaal en het gewonde soldate besoek. Sy wou graag trou en ’n groot gesin hê. Haar jonger sibbes was haar suster <a href="/wiki/Groothertogin_Anastasia_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland" title="Groothertogin Anastasia Nikolajewna van Rusland">Anastasia</a> en broer, <a href="/wiki/Aleksei_Nikolajewitsj,_tsarewitsj_van_Rusland" title="Aleksei Nikolajewitsj, tsarewitsj van Rusland">Aleksei</a>. </p><p>Maria se teregstelling in <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> in <a href="/wiki/Jekaterinburg" title="Jekaterinburg">Jekaterinburg</a> saam met die res van haar gesin het daartoe gelei dat sy saam met hulle as <a href="/wiki/Heilige" title="Heilige">heiliges</a> van die <a href="/wiki/Russies-Ortodokse_Kerk" title="Russies-Ortodokse Kerk">Russies-Ortodokse Kerk</a> verklaar is. Daar was lank gerugte dat haar jonger suster, Anastasia, die slagting oorleef het,<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> maar later is geglo dis Maria en haar broer se oorskot wat in 1979 nie by dié van die res van die gesin gevind is nie.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nog bene is egter in 2007 ontdek, en <a href="/wiki/DNS" title="DNS">DNS</a>-toetse het bewys dit is Maria en Aleksei s'n.<sup id="cite_ref-cnn.com_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-cnn.com-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Vroeë_lewe"><span id="Vroe.C3.AB_lewe"></span>Vroeë lewe</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Wysig afdeling: Vroeë lewe" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section's source code: Vroeë lewe"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg/180px-OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg/270px-OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1b/OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg/360px-OlgaTatianaMarie1901.jpg 2x" data-file-width="365" data-file-height="451" /></a><figcaption>Olga, Tatjana en Maria in 1901.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg/180px-Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="222" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg/270px-Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8b/Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg/360px-Grand_Duchesses_Maria_and_Tatiana_of_Russia_1910.jpg 2x" data-file-width="376" data-file-height="464" /></a><figcaption>Maria en Tatjana in 1910.</figcaption></figure> <p>Maria se Russiese titel (<i>welikaja knjazjna</i>, великая княжна) kan die beste vertaal word as "grootprinses", wat beteken sy het ’n hoër titel gehad as ander prinsesse van <a href="/wiki/Europa" title="Europa">Europa</a>. Die eintlike <a href="/wiki/Germaanse_tale" title="Germaanse tale">Germaanse vertaling</a> is "grootvorstin", maar dit word onder invloed van <a href="/wiki/Engels" title="Engels">Engels</a> meestal as "groothertogin" in <a href="/wiki/Afrikaans" title="Afrikaans">Afrikaans</a> vertaal. Sy was ’n agterkleinkind van onder andere <a href="/wiki/Koningin_Victoria" class="mw-redirect" title="Koningin Victoria">koningin Victoria</a> en <a href="/wiki/Aleksander_II_van_Rusland" title="Aleksander II van Rusland">Aleksander II van Rusland</a>. </p><p>Sy en haar suster Anastasia was na aan mekaar; hulle het ’n kamer gedeel, amper eenders aangetrek en was bekend as "Die Klein Paar". Olga en Tatjana was bekend as "Die Groot Paar".<sup id="cite_ref-Massie_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massie-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die vier is dikwels OTMA genoem (die eerste letter van elkeen se naam, volgens ouderdom).<sup id="cite_ref-Massie_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massie-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Die tsaar se kinders is so eenvoudig moontlik grootgemaak; hulle het op harde kampbeddens geslaap en het elke oggend in koue water gestort.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Maria is beskryf as ’n mooi, flirterige meisie; sy was breed gebou met ligbruin hare en groot blou oë.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Volgens haar Frans-onderwyser, Pierre Gilliard, was sy lank en goed gebou, met pienk wange.<sup id="cite_ref-Gilliard_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Gilliard-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Haar ouer susters wou dikwels nie met haar speel nie en het eenkeer na haar verwys as hul "stiefsuster" omdat sy so soet was en nooit in die moeilikheid beland het nie, onthou hul oppasser Margaretta Eagar in haar <a href="/wiki/Memoires" title="Memoires">memoires</a>. Sy was baie lief vir haar pa en het dikwels uit die kinderkamer probeer ontsnap "om na pappa toe te gaan".<sup id="cite_ref-Eagar_8-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Eagar-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Gevangenskap_en_dood">Gevangenskap en dood</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Wysig afdeling: Gevangenskap en dood" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section's source code: Gevangenskap en dood"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg/180px-GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg" decoding="async" width="180" height="321" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg/270px-GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/49/GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg/360px-GrandDuchessMarie1915.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1120" data-file-height="1997" /></a><figcaption>Maria in 1915.</figcaption></figure> <p>Die gesin is tydens die <a href="/wiki/Russiese_Rewolusie_(1917)" title="Russiese Rewolusie (1917)">Russiese Rewolusie</a> van <a href="/wiki/1917" title="1917">1917</a> gevange geneem en eers in <a href="/wiki/Tsarskoje_Selo" title="Tsarskoje Selo">Tsarskoje Selo</a> aangehou, en daarna in <a href="/wiki/Tobolsk" title="Tobolsk">Tobolsk</a> en <a href="/wiki/Jekaterinburg" title="Jekaterinburg">Jekaterinburg</a> in <a href="/wiki/Siberi%C3%AB" title="Siberië">Siberië</a>. </p><p>Vroeg die oggend van <a href="/wiki/17_Julie" title="17 Julie">17 Julie</a> <a href="/wiki/1918" title="1918">1918</a> is die gesin wakker gemaak en na ’n kelder geneem. Saam met Nikolaas, Aleksandra en hul kinders was hul dokter en drie bediendes wat vrywillig by die gesin gebly het. <a href="/wiki/Jakof_Joerofski" title="Jakof Joerofski">Jakof Joerofski</a>, die hooflaksman, het ingekom en die doodsvonnis vir hulle voorgelees.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> ’n Vuurpeloton het ingekom en die 11 mense geskiet. Die tsaar is eerste dood; Anastasia, Tatjana, Olga en Maria het die eerste sarsie skote oorleef. Die susters het 1,3 kg se diamante en edelgesteentes in hul klere weggesteek wat aanvanklik die skote en bajonetsteke afgeweer het.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hulle is daarna van naby in die kop geskiet.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Identifikasie">Identifikasie</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Wysig afdeling: Identifikasie" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section's source code: Identifikasie"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>In 1979 het die amateurspeurder Aleksander Awdonin naby <a href="/wiki/Jekaterinburg" title="Jekaterinburg">Swerdlofsk</a> (Jekaterinburg) afgekom op die oorskot van Nikolaas II, sy vrou en drie van hul dogters, asook dié van die vier mense wat saam met hulle vermoor is.<sup id="cite_ref-Massie2012_12-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Massie2012-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In Januarie 1998 is die oorskot amptelik uitgeken as dié van Nikolaas en sy gesin (uitsluitende een van die dogters en Aleksei). Die identifikasie, insluitende vergelykings van hul <a href="/wiki/DNS" title="DNS">DNS</a> met dié van lewende familielede, is uitgevoer deur aparte Russiese, Britse en Amerikaanse wetenskaplikes en hulle het bevind dit is oortuigend.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In Julie 2007 is die bene van ’n seun en jong meisie naby Jekaterinburg ontdek.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Aanklaers het die ondersoek na die dood van die keiserlike gesin heropen en in April 2008 is in DNS-toetse deur ’n Amerikaanse laboratorium bevind die bene behoort aan Maria en haar broer, Aleksei.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Dieselfde dag het Russiese owerhede aangekondig die oorskot van die hele familie is uitgeken.<sup id="cite_ref-AP_19-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-AP-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1981 het die Russies-Ortodokse Kerk Buite Rusland Nikolaas en sy gesin erken as martelaar-heiliges. Op 14 Augustus 2000 het die sinode van die <a href="/wiki/Russies-Ortodokse_Kerk" title="Russies-Ortodokse Kerk">Russies-Ortodokse Kerk</a> in Rusland hulle ook as heiliges erken – maar nie as martelare nie omdat hul dood nie regstreeks uit hul Christelike geloof gespruit het nie. In plaas daarvan is hulle as "draers van lyding" heilig verklaar. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Verwysings">Verwysings</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Wysig afdeling: Verwysings" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section's source code: Verwysings"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-count references-column-count-3" style="-moz-column-count: 3; -webkit-column-count: 3; column-count: 3; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-1">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Kurth (1983), p. xiv</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Klier en Mingay (1995), p. 203</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-cnn.com-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-cnn.com_3-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r2205490">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/65/Lock-green.svg/9px-Lock-green.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-gray-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg/9px-Lock-red-alt-2.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:9px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-image:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg/12px-Wikisource-logo.svg.png");background-image:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg");background-repeat:no-repeat;background-size:12px;background-position:right .1em center}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:inherit;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration,.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/03/11/czar.children/index.html">"<span class="cs1-kern-left"></span>"DNA proves Bolsheviks killed all of Russian Czar's children", ''CNN'', March 11, 2009"</a> (in Engels). Cnn.com. 11 Maart 2009. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181005015934/http://www.cnn.com/2009/WORLD/europe/03/11/czar.children/index.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 5 Oktober 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">13 Julie</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%22DNA+proves+Bolsheviks+killed+all+of+Russian+Czar%27s+children%22%2C+%27%26%2339%3BCNN%27%26%2339%3B%2C+March+11%2C+2009&rft.pub=Cnn.com&rft.date=2009-03-11&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnn.com%2F2009%2FWORLD%2Feurope%2F03%2F11%2Fczar.children%2Findex.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Massie-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Massie_4-0">4,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-Massie_4-1">4,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text">Massie (1967), p. 135</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-5">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Massie (1967), p. 132</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-6">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Massie (1967), p. 133.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Gilliard-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Gilliard_7-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFGilliard,_Pierre" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Gilliard, Pierre. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alexanderpalace.org/2006pierre/introduction.html">"<i>Thirteen Years at the Russian Court</i>"</a>. <i>alexanderpalace.org</i> (in Engels). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191110115615/http://www.alexanderpalace.org/2006pierre/introduction.html">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 10 November 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">14 Maart</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=alexanderpalace.org&rft.atitle=Thirteen+Years+at+the+Russian+Court&rft.au=Gilliard%2C+Pierre&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexanderpalace.org%2F2006pierre%2Fintroduction.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Eagar-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Eagar_8-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFEagar,_Margaret1906" class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Eagar, Margaret (1906). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191020051116/http://www.alexanderpalace.org/eagar/eagar.html">"<i>Six Years at the Russian Court</i>"</a>. <i>alexanderpalace.org</i> (in Engels). Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alexanderpalace.org/eagar/eagar.html/">die oorspronklike</a> op 20 Oktober 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">12 Desember</span> 2006</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=alexanderpalace.org&rft.atitle=Six+Years+at+the+Russian+Court&rft.date=1906&rft.au=Eagar%2C+Margaret&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alexanderpalace.org%2Feagar%2Feagar.html%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-9">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Rappaport, <i>The Last Days of the Romanovs</i>, pp. 184–189</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-10">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Massie1995">Massie (1995)</a> p. 8.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-11">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a href="#Massie1995">Massie (1995)</a> p. 6.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Massie2012-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-Massie2012_12-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFRobert_K._Massie2012" class="citation book cs1">Robert K. Massie (2012). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=qSlZhrp9qPUC&pg=PA34"><i>The Romanovs: The Final Chapter</i></a>. Modern Library. p. 34. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-679-64563-4" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-679-64563-4"><bdi>978-0-679-64563-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Romanovs%3A+The+Final+Chapter&rft.pages=34&rft.pub=Modern+Library&rft.date=2012&rft.isbn=978-0-679-64563-4&rft.au=Robert+K.+Massie&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DqSlZhrp9qPUC%26pg%3DPA34&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-13">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFCoble" class="citation journal cs1">Coble, MD. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3205009">"The identification of the Romanovs: Can we (finally) put the controversies to rest?"</a>. <i>Investig Genet</i>. <b>2</b>: 20. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1186%2F2041-2223-2-20">10.1186/2041-2223-2-20</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3205009">3205009</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21943354">21943354</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Investig+Genet&rft.atitle=The+identification+of+the+Romanovs%3A+Can+we+%28finally%29+put+the+controversies+to+rest%3F&rft.volume=2&rft.pages=20&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3205009%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21943354&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1186%2F2041-2223-2-20&rft.aulast=Coble&rft.aufirst=MD&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3205009&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-14">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170201072737/http://www.tass-ural.ru/lentanews/54965.html">"Экспертиза подтвердила, что найденные останки принадлежат Николаю II"</a> (in Russies). ITAR-TASS. 5 Desember 2008. Geargiveer vanaf <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tass-ural.ru/lentanews/54965.html">die oorspronklike</a> op 1 Februarie 2017.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D0%AD%D0%BA%D1%81%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%B7%D0%B0+%D0%BF%D0%BE%D0%B4%D1%82%D0%B2%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BB%D0%B0%2C+%D1%87%D1%82%D0%BE+%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B5+%D0%BE%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D0%B8+%D0%BF%D1%80%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B6%D0%B0%D1%82+%D0%9D%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%8E+II&rft.pub=ITAR-TASS&rft.date=2008-12-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tass-ural.ru%2Flentanews%2F54965.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-15">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFCobleLoreilleWadhamsEdson2009" class="citation journal cs1">Coble, M. D.; Loreille, O. M.; Wadhams, M. J.; Edson, S. M.; Maynard, K.; Meyer, C. E.; Niederstätter, H.; Berger, C.; Berger, B.; Falsetti, A. B.; Gill, P.; Parson, W.; Finelli, L. N. (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652717">"Mystery Solved: The Identification of the Two Missing Romanov Children Using DNA Analysis"</a>. <i>PLoS ONE</i>. <b>4</b> (3): e4838. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0004838">10.1371/journal.pone.0004838</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="cs1-lock-free" title="Vrylik beskikbaar"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2652717">2652717</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19277206">19277206</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=PLoS+ONE&rft.atitle=Mystery+Solved%3A+The+Identification+of+the+Two+Missing+Romanov+Children+Using+DNA+Analysis&rft.volume=4&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=e4838&rft.date=2009&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2652717%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F19277206&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.pone.0004838&rft.aulast=Coble&rft.aufirst=M.+D.&rft.au=Loreille%2C+O.+M.&rft.au=Wadhams%2C+M.+J.&rft.au=Edson%2C+S.+M.&rft.au=Maynard%2C+K.&rft.au=Meyer%2C+C.+E.&rft.au=Niederst%C3%A4tter%2C+H.&rft.au=Berger%2C+C.&rft.au=Berger%2C+B.&rft.au=Falsetti%2C+A.+B.&rft.au=Gill%2C+P.&rft.au=Parson%2C+W.&rft.au=Finelli%2C+L.+N.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2652717&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-16">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation web cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.isogg.org/famousdna.htm">"Famous DNA"</a> (in Engels). Isogg.org. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20151015072811/http://www.isogg.org/famousdna.htm">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 15 Oktober 2015<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">25 Oktober</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Famous+DNA&rft.pub=Isogg.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.isogg.org%2Ffamousdna.htm&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-17">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFParsonsMuniecSullivanWoodyatt1997" class="citation journal cs1">Parsons TJ, Muniec DS, Sullivan K, Woodyatt N, Alliston-Greiner R, Wilson MR, Berry DL, Holland KA, Weedn VW, Gill P, Holland MM (1997). "A high observed substitution rate in the human mitochondrial DNA control region". <i>Nature Genetics</i>. <b>15</b> (4): 363–8. <a href="/wiki/Digitale_objek-identifiseerder" title="Digitale objek-identifiseerder">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1038%2Fng0497-363">10.1038/ng0497-363</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/9090380">9090380</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Nature+Genetics&rft.atitle=A+high+observed+substitution+rate+in+the+human+mitochondrial+DNA+control+region&rft.volume=15&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=363-8&rft.date=1997&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1038%2Fng0497-363&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F9090380&rft.aulast=Parsons&rft.aufirst=TJ&rft.au=Muniec%2C+DS&rft.au=Sullivan%2C+K&rft.au=Woodyatt%2C+N&rft.au=Alliston-Greiner%2C+R&rft.au=Wilson%2C+MR&rft.au=Berry%2C+DL&rft.au=Holland%2C+KA&rft.au=Weedn%2C+VW&rft.au=Gill%2C+P&rft.au=Holland%2C+MM&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-18">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite id="CITEREFHarding2007" class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source">Harding, Luke (25 Augustus 2007). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/aug/25/russia.lukeharding">"Bones found by Russian builder finally solve riddle of the missing Romanovs"</a>. <i>The Guardian</i> (in Engels). London. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191204182107/https://www.theguardian.com/world/2007/aug/25/russia.lukeharding">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 4 Desember 2019<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">20 Mei</span> 2010</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Bones+found+by+Russian+builder+finally+solve+riddle+of+the+missing+Romanovs&rft.date=2007-08-25&rft.aulast=Harding&rft.aufirst=Luke&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fworld%2F2007%2Faug%2F25%2Frussia.lukeharding&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-AP-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">↑ <sup><a href="#cite_ref-AP_19-0">19,0</a></sup> <sup><a href="#cite_ref-AP_19-1">19,1</a></sup></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r2205490"><cite class="citation news cs1 cs1-prop-foreign-lang-source"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/04/30/tech/main4057567.shtml">"DNA Confirms Remains of Tsar's Children"</a>. <i>CBS News</i> (in Engels). Associated Press. 30 April 2008. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20130929023126/http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2008/04/30/tech/main4057567.shtml">Geargiveer</a> vanaf die oorspronklike op 29 September 2013<span class="reference-accessdate">. Besoek op <span class="nowrap">28 September</span> 2007</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=CBS+News&rft.atitle=DNA+Confirms+Remains+of+Tsar%27s+Children&rft.date=2008-04-30&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cbsnews.com%2Fstories%2F2008%2F04%2F30%2Ftech%2Fmain4057567.shtml&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Faf.wikipedia.org%3AGroothertogin+Maria+Nikolajewna+van+Rusland" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-20">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text">Details on further testing of the Imperial remains are contained in Rogaev, E.I., Grigorenko, A.P., Moliaka, I.K., Faskhutdinova, G., Goltsov, A., Lahti, A., Hildebrandt, C., Kittler, E.L.W. and Morozova, I., "Genomic identification in historical case of Nicholas II Royal family.", <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, (2009). The mitochondrial DNA of Alexandra, Alexei, and Maria are identical and of haplogroup H1. The mitochondrial DNA of Nicholas was haplogroup T2. Their sequences are published at GenBank as FJ656214, FJ656215, FJ656216, and FJ656217.</span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bronne">Bronne</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Wysig afdeling: Bronne" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section's source code: Bronne"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>Klier, John and Mingay, Helen (1995). <i>The Quest for Anastasia: Solving the Mystery of the Last Romanovs</i>. Birch Lane Press Book. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/1-55972-442-0" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/1-55972-442-0">ISBN 1-55972-442-0</a></span></li> <li>Kurth, Peter (1983). <i>Anastasia: The Riddle of Anna Anderson</i>. Back Bay Books. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-316-50717-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-316-50717-2">ISBN 0-316-50717-2</a></span></li> <li>Massie, Robert K. (1967). <i>Nicholas and Alexandra</i>. Dell Publishing Co. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-440-16358-7" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-440-16358-7">ISBN 0-440-16358-7</a></span></li> <li>Massie, Robert K. (1995). <i>The Romanovs: The Final Chapter</i>. Random House. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-394-58048-6" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/0-394-58048-6">ISBN 0-394-58048-6</a></span></li> <li>Rappaport, Helen (2008). <i>The Last Days of the Romanovs</i>. St. Martin's Griffin. <span class="ISBN" style="font-size:85%;"><a href="/wiki/Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-312-60347-2" title="Spesiaal:Boekbronne/978-0-312-60347-2">ISBN 978-0-312-60347-2</a></span>.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Eksterne_skakels">Eksterne skakels</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Wysig afdeling: Eksterne skakels" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>wysig</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Groothertogin_Maria_Nikolajewna_van_Rusland&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section's source code: Eksterne skakels"><span>wysig bron</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li class="mw-empty-elt"></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description" title="Wikimedia Commons logo"><img alt="Wikimedia Commons logo" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/12px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/18px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/24px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span> <a href="/wiki/Wikimedia_Commons" title="Wikimedia Commons">Wikimedia Commons</a> het meer media in die kategorie <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Maria_Nikolaevna_of_Russia" class="extiw" title="commons:Category:Maria Nikolaevna of Russia">Groothertogin Maria Nikolajewna van Rusland</a>.</li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/L%C3%AAer:Crystal_txt.png" class="mw-file-description"><img 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aria-hidden="true"> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icons"> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-talk-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="talk-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbles mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbles"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-subject-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="subject-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-article mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-article"></span> <span></span> </a> <a href="#" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only" id="ca-history-sticky-header" tabindex="-1" data-event-name="history-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-history 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tabindex="-1" data-event-name="addsection-sticky-header"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-speechBubbleAdd-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-speechBubbleAdd-progressive"></span> <span>Nuwe onderwerp</span> </a> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-header-icon-end"> <div class="vector-user-links"> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-settings" id="p-dock-bottom"> <ul></ul> 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