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vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Cultivars"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Cultivars</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Cultivars-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Uses" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Uses"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Uses</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Uses-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-External_links" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#External_links"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>External links</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-External_links-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><i>Cannabis sativa</i></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 80 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-80" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">80 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A5%E1%8C%B8_%E1%8D%8B%E1%88%AD%E1%88%B5" title="እጸ ፋርስ – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="እጸ ፋርስ" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ab mw-list-item"><a href="https://ab.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%86%D3%99" title="Аныцә – Abkhazian" lang="ab" hreflang="ab" data-title="Аныцә" data-language-autonym="Аԥсшәа" data-language-local-name="Abkhazian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Аԥсшәа</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A8_%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9" title="قنب مزروع – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="قنب مزروع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Aragonese" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Aragonés</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%8Fkin_%C3%A7%C9%99t%C9%99n%C9%99si" title="Əkin çətənəsi – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Əkin çətənəsi" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%BF%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%8F%D1%9E%D0%BD%D1%8B%D1%8F" title="Каноплі пасяўныя – Belarusian" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Каноплі пасяўныя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF" title="Посевен коноп – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Посевен коноп" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanab" title="Kanab – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Kanab" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD_%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%82%C4%83%D1%80" title="Акакан кантăр – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Акакан кантăр" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konop%C3%AD_set%C3%A9" title="Konopí seté – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Konopí seté" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/V%C9%94%C9%A3u" title="Vɔɣu – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Vɔɣu" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamp_(art)" title="Hamp (art) – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Hamp (art)" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hanf_(Art)" title="Hanf (Art) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Hanf (Art)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Harilik_kanep" title="Harilik kanep – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Harilik kanep" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9A%CE%AC%CE%BD%CE%BD%CE%B1%CE%B2%CE%B7_%CE%B7_%CE%AE%CE%BC%CE%B5%CF%81%CE%B7" title="Κάνναβη η ήμερη – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Κάνναβη η ήμερη" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Extremaduran" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="Extremaduran" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kalamu_(botanika)" title="Kalamu (botanika) – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Kalamu (botanika)" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B4%D8%A7%D9%87%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%B3%D8%A7%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%88%D8%A7" title="شاهدانه ساتیوا – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="شاهدانه ساتیوا" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ff mw-list-item"><a href="https://ff.wikipedia.org/wiki/Banngo" title="Banngo – Fula" lang="ff" hreflang="ff" data-title="Banngo" data-language-autonym="Fulfulde" data-language-local-name="Fula" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Fulfulde</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%82%BC_(%EC%8B%9D%EB%AC%BC)" title="삼 (식물) – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="삼 (식물)" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C6%98are_aiki" title="Ƙare aiki – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Ƙare aiki" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%B7%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%B8%D5%BE%D5%AB_%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%A5%D6%83" title="Մշակովի կանեփ – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մշակովի կանեփ" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%81%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE_%E0%A4%AA%E0%A5%8C%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE" title="गाँजे का पौधा – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="गाँजे का पौधा" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hsb mw-list-item"><a href="https://hsb.wikipedia.org/wiki/D%C5%BAiwja_konop" title="Dźiwja konop – Upper Sorbian" lang="hsb" hreflang="hsb" data-title="Dźiwja konop" data-language-autonym="Hornjoserbsce" data-language-local-name="Upper Sorbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hornjoserbsce</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indijska_konoplja" title="Indijska konoplja – Croatian" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Indijska konoplja" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingua</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampjurt" title="Hampjurt – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Hampjurt" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A7%D7%A0%D7%90%D7%91%D7%99%D7%A1_%D7%A1%D7%90%D7%98%D7%99%D7%91%D7%94" title="קנאביס סאטיבה – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="קנאביס סאטיבה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%9C%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A1" title="ಗಾಂಜಾಗಿಡ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಗಾಂಜಾಗಿಡ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-csb mw-list-item"><a href="https://csb.wikipedia.org/wiki/K%C3%B2nople" title="Kònople – Kashubian" lang="csb" hreflang="csb" data-title="Kònople" data-language-autonym="Kaszëbsczi" data-language-local-name="Kashubian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kaszëbsczi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%93jas_ka%C5%86epe" title="Sējas kaņepe – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Sējas kaņepe" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gew%C3%A9inlechen_Hanf" title="Gewéinlechen Hanf – Luxembourgish" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Gewéinlechen Hanf" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luxembourgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/S%C4%97jamoji_kanap%C4%97" title="Sėjamoji kanapė – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Sėjamoji kanapė" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/C%C3%A0neva" title="Càneva – Ligurian" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Càneva" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Ligurian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ligure</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kemp" title="Kemp – Limburgish" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Kemp" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BE" title="गांजा – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="गांजा" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A0%E1%83%A9%E1%83%A5%E1%83%95%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%9D%E1%83%91%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%99%E1%83%98%E1%83%A4%E1%83%98" title="რჩქვანელობური კიფი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="რჩქვანელობური კიფი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%82%D9%86%D8%A8_%D9%85%D8%B2%D8%B1%D9%88%D8%B9" title="قنب مزروع – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="قنب مزروع" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pokok_ganja" title="Pokok ganja – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Pokok ganja" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds-nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hennep" title="Hennep – Low Saxon" lang="nds-NL" hreflang="nds-NL" data-title="Hennep" data-language-autonym="Nedersaksies" data-language-local-name="Low Saxon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nedersaksies</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%AC%E0%A5%81%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80" title="शिवबुटी – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="शिवबुटी" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%9C%E0%A4%BF" title="गजि – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="गजि" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाल भाषा</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manila_(plaant)" title="Manila (plaant) – Northern Frisian" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Manila (plaant)" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Northern Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hn/Hamp" title="Hn/Hamp – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Hn/Hamp" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AD%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97_%E0%A8%AA%E0%A9%8C%E0%A8%A6%E0%A8%BE" title="ਭੰਗ ਪੌਦਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਭੰਗ ਪੌਦਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A8%DA%BE%D9%86%DA%AF" title="بھنگ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="بھنگ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konopie_siewne" title="Konopie siewne – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Konopie siewne" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%8F_%D0%BF%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B5%D0%B2%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%8F" title="Конопля посевная – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Конопля посевная" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sg mw-list-item"><a href="https://sg.wikipedia.org/wiki/B%C3%A2ngi" title="Bângi – Sango" lang="sg" hreflang="sg" data-title="Bângi" data-language-autonym="Sängö" data-language-local-name="Sango" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sängö</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kanabisi" title="Kanabisi – Albanian" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Kanabisi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Konopa_siata" title="Konopa siata – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Konopa siata" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Navadna_konoplja" title="Navadna konoplja – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Navadna konoplja" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hamppu" title="Hamppu – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Hamppu" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hampa" title="Hampa – Swedish" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Hampa" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kab mw-list-item"><a href="https://kab.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tifert" title="Tifert – Kabyle" lang="kab" hreflang="kab" data-title="Tifert" data-language-autonym="Taqbaylit" data-language-local-name="Kabyle" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taqbaylit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%97%E0%B0%82%E0%B0%9C%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BF_%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%95" title="గంజాయి మొక్క – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="గంజాయి మొక్క" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%8D%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%87" title="กัญชง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="กัญชง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hint_keneviri" title="Hint keneviri – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Hint keneviri" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-udm mw-list-item"><a href="https://udm.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%8D%D0%BC" title="Кенэм – Udmurt" lang="udm" hreflang="udm" data-title="Кенэм" data-language-autonym="Удмурт" data-language-local-name="Udmurt" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Удмурт</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9A%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%BF%D0%BB%D1%96_%D0%B7%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD%D1%96" title="Коноплі звичайні – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Коноплі звичайні" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-za mw-list-item"><a href="https://za.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daihmaz" title="Daihmaz – Zhuang" lang="za" hreflang="za" data-title="Daihmaz" data-language-autonym="Vahcuengh" data-language-local-name="Zhuang" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vahcuengh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tchene_(plante)" title="Tchene (plante) – Walloon" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tchene (plante)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="Walloon" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" title="Cannabis sativa – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Cannabis sativa" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%BB%EF%BC%88%E7%89%A9%E7%A7%8D%EF%BC%89" title="大麻（物种） – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="大麻（物种）" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%BB%E8%8D%89" title="大麻草 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="大麻草" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%A4%A7%E9%BA%BB_(%E6%A4%8D%E7%89%A9)" title="大麻 (植物) – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="大麻 (植物)" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q26726#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namespaces"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><i>Cannabis sativa</i> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg/220px-Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="293" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg/330px-Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ed/Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg/440px-Cannabis_sativa_2.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3448" data-file-height="4592" /></a></span> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center; font-size: 88%">Female <i>Cannabis sativa</i>, recreational/medicinal marijuana </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; min-width:15em; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Taxonomy_(biology)" title="Taxonomy (biology)">Scientific classification</a> <span class="plainlinks taxobox-edit-taxonomy skin-invert" style="font-size:smaller; float:right; padding-right:0.4em; margin-left:-3em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Template:Taxonomy/Cannabis" title="Edit this classification"><img alt="Edit this classification" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/23px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg/30px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></span> </th></tr> <tr> <td>Kingdom: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Plant" title="Plant">Plantae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Vascular_plant" title="Vascular plant">Tracheophytes</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">Angiosperms</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Eudicots" title="Eudicots">Eudicots</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><i>Clade</i>: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosids" title="Rosids">Rosids</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Order: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Rosales" title="Rosales">Rosales</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Family: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cannabaceae" title="Cannabaceae">Cannabaceae</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Genus: </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis"><i>Cannabis</i></a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>Species: </td> <td><div style="display:inline" class="species"><i><b>C. sativa</b></i></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Binomial_nomenclature" title="Binomial nomenclature">Binomial name</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: center"><b><span class="binomial"><span style="font-weight:normal;"></span><i>Cannabis sativa</i></span></b><br /><div style="font-size: 85%;"><a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">L.</a></div> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)">Subspecies </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <ul><li><i>C. sativa</i> subsp. <i>sativa</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_indica" title="Cannabis indica"><i>C. sativa</i> subsp. <i>indica</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_ruderalis" title="Cannabis ruderalis"><i>C. sativa</i> subsp. <i>ruderalis</i></a></li></ul> </td></tr> <tr> <th colspan="2" style="color:inherit; text-align: center; background-color: rgb(180,250,180)"><a href="/wiki/Synonym_(taxonomy)" title="Synonym (taxonomy)">Synonyms</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" style="text-align: left"> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1214851843">.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{box-sizing:border-box;width:100%;padding:5px;border:none;font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .hidden-title{font-weight:bold;line-height:1.6;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .hidden-content{text-align:left}@media all and (max-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .hidden-begin{width:auto!important;clear:none!important;float:none!important}}</style><div class="hidden-begin mw-collapsible mw-collapsed" style=""><div class="hidden-title skin-nightmode-reset-color" style="">List</div><div class="hidden-content mw-collapsible-content" style=""> <ul><li><i>Cannabis americana</i> <small>Pharm. ex Wehmer</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis chinensis</i> <small>Delile</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis erratica</i> <small>Siev.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis foetens</i> <small>Gilib.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis generalis</i> <small>E.H.L.Krause</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis gigantea</i> <small>Delile ex Vilm.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis indica</i> <small>Lam.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis indica</i> f. <i>afghanica</i> <small>Vavilov</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis indica</i> var. <i>afghanica</i> <small>Vavilov</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis indica</i> var. <i>kafiristanica</i> <small>Vavilov</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis intersita</i> <small>Soják</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis kafiristanica</i> <small>(Vavilov) Chrtek</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis lupulus</i> <small>Scop.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis macrosperma</i> <small>Stokes</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis ruderalis</i> <small>Janisch.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>afghanica</i> <small>(Vavilov) McPartl. & E.Small</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> f. <i>afghanica</i> <small>Vavilov</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>chinensis</i> <small>(Delile) A.DC.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> subsp. <i>culta</i> <small>Serebr.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>gigantea</i> <small>(Delile ex Vilm.) Alef.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> subvar. <i>indica</i> <small>(Lam.) Asch. & Graebn.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>indica</i> <small>(Lam.) Wehmer</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> subsp. <i>indica</i> <small>(Lam.) E.Small & Cronquist</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> subsp. <i>intersita</i> <small>(Soják) Soják</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>kafiristanica</i> <small>(Vavilov) E.Small & Cronquist</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>kif</i> <small>A.DC.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>macrosperma</i> <small>(Stokes) Asch. & Graebn.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>monoica</i> <small>Holuby</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>pedemontana</i> <small>A.DC.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>praecox</i> <small>Serebr.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>ruderalis</i> <small>(Janisch.) S.Z.Liou</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>ruderalis</i> <small>Janisch.</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>spontanea</i> <small>Vavilov</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> f. <i>vulgaris</i> <small>(Alef.) Voss</small></li> <li><i>Cannabis sativa</i> var. <i>vulgaris</i> <small>Alef.</small></li> <li><i>Polygonum viridiflorum</i> <small>Poir.</small></li></ul> </div></div> </td></tr> </tbody></table><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238732961">@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:transparent}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota tr{background:transparent!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .infobox.biota img{background:white}}.mw-parser-output .infobox.biota .taxobox-edit-taxonomy img{background:transparent!important}body.skin-vector .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox{margin-top:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output table.biota.infobox tr.taxonrow td{padding:2px 10px}</style> <style 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a{color:var(--color-progressive)!important}}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sidebar{display:none!important}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r886047488">.mw-parser-output .nobold{font-weight:normal}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle">Part of a series on</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="font-size:200%;font-weight:normal;"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">Cannabis</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image" style="padding: 0.4em 0 0.4em;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannabis_leaf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Cannabis" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/120px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="120" height="128" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/180px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/240px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="546" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><div class="hlist"><ul><li>Arts</li><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_culture" title="Cannabis culture">Culture</a></li></ul></div></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/420_(cannabis_culture)" title="420 (cannabis culture)">420</a> (<a href="/wiki/420chan" title="420chan">chan</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_cannabis" title="List of books about cannabis">Books</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magu_(deity)" title="Magu (deity)">Magu (deity)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_names_for_cannabis" title="List of names for cannabis">Names</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_religion" title="Cannabis and religion">Religion</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_Judaism" title="Cannabis and Judaism">Judaism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_Latter-day_Saints" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis and Latter-day Saints">Latter-day Saints</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_Sikhism" title="Cannabis and Sikhism">Sikhism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke-in" title="Smoke-in">Smoke-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_use_of_cannabis" title="Entheogenic use of cannabis">Spiritual use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_sports" title="Cannabis and sports">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner film</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_rock" title="Stoner rock">Stoner rock</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_cannabis_terms" title="Glossary of cannabis terms">Terms</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Chemistry</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_phytocannabinoids" title="Comparison of phytocannabinoids">Phytocannabinoids</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Main <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dronabinol" title="Dronabinol">Dronabinol</a> (INN)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">CBD</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Minor <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Δ-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol"><i>delta</i>-8-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94-10-Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Δ-10-Tetrahydrocannabinol"><i>delta</i>-10-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabihexol" title="Tetrahydrocannabihexol">THCH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabiphorol" title="Tetrahydrocannabiphorol">THCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabihexol" title="Tetrahydrocannabihexol">CBDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiphorol" title="Cannabidiphorol">CBDP</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Semi-synthetic cannabinoids</b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/THC-O-acetate" title="THC-O-acetate">THC-O-acetate</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_cannabinoid" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthetic cannabinoid">Synthetic cannabinoids</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_AM_cannabinoids" title="List of AM cannabinoids">AM</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AM-2201" title="AM-2201">AM-2201</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_CP_cannabinoids" title="List of CP cannabinoids">CP</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CP_55,940" title="CP 55,940">CP-55940</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabilone" title="Nabilone">Nabilone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylheptylpyran" title="Dimethylheptylpyran">Dimethylheptylpyran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_HU_cannabinoids" title="List of HU cannabinoids">HU</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/HU-210" title="HU-210">HU-210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-331" title="HU-331">HU-331</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_JWH_cannabinoids" title="List of JWH cannabinoids">JWH</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/JWH-018" title="JWH-018">JWH-018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-073" title="JWH-073">JWH-073</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-133" title="JWH-133">JWH-133</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levonantradol" title="Levonantradol">Levonantradol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDMB-CHMICA" title="MDMB-CHMICA">MDMB-CHMICA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR-144,528" title="SR-144,528">SR144528</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_55,212-2" title="WIN 55,212-2">WIN 55,212-2</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Pharmacology</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor" title="Cannabinoid receptor">Cannabinoid receptors</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor_type_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoid receptor type 1">Cannabinoid receptor type 1</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor_type_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoid receptor type 2">Cannabinoid receptor type 2</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Endocannabinoid_system" title="Endocannabinoid system">Endocannabinoids</a></b> <small>(activate cannabinoid receptors)</small></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Arachidonoylglycerol" title="2-Arachidonoylglycerol">2-AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamide" title="Anandamide">Anandamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Arachidonoyl_dopamine" title="N-Arachidonoyl dopamine">NADA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virodhamine" title="Virodhamine">Virodhamine</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_consumption" title="Cannabis consumption">Consumption</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_consumption#Drink" title="Cannabis consumption">Drinks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_edible" title="Cannabis edible">Edibles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_smoking" title="Cannabis smoking">Smoking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_tea" title="Cannabis tea">Tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_CBD_to_THC" title="Conversion of CBD to THC">Conversion of CBD to THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporizer_(inhalation_device)" title="Vaporizer (inhalation device)">Vaping</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Adult_lifetime_cannabis_use_by_country" title="Adult lifetime cannabis use by country">Adult lifetime cannabis use by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annual_cannabis_use_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Annual cannabis use by country">Annual cannabis use by country</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Economics</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Coffeeshop_(Netherlands)" title="Coffeeshop (Netherlands)">Coffeeshop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_cultivation" title="Cannabis cultivation">Cultivation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_shop" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis shop">Shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Social_Club" title="Cannabis Social Club">Social Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grow_house" title="Grow house">Grow house</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grow_shop" title="Grow shop">Grow shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_shop" title="Head shop">Head shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marijuana_vending_machine" title="Marijuana vending machine">Marijuana vending machine</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)"><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_cannabis" title="Effects of cannabis">Effects</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_dependence" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis dependence">Dependence</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_impaired_driving" title="Cannabis and impaired driving">Driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_drug_testing" title="Cannabis drug testing">Drug testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_legalized_cannabis" title="Effects of legalized cannabis">Effects of legalized cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gateway_drug_theory" class="mw-redirect" title="Gateway drug theory">Gateway drug theory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-term_effects_of_cannabis" title="Long-term effects of cannabis">Long term effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis" title="Medical cannabis">Medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_memory" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis and memory">Memory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_pregnancy" title="Cannabis in pregnancy">Pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_time_perception" title="Cannabis and time perception">Time perception</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Forms</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhang" title="Bhang">Bhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blunt_(cannabis_cigar)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blunt (cannabis cigar)">Blunt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charas" title="Charas">Charas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_flower_essential_oil" title="Cannabis flower essential oil">Flower essential oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashish" title="Hashish">Hashish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hash_oil" title="Hash oil">Oil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_beer" title="Hemp beer">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_milk" title="Hemp milk">Milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_oil" title="Hemp oil">Oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_protein" title="Hemp protein">Protein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hempcrete" title="Hempcrete">Hempcrete</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Joint_(cannabis)" title="Joint (cannabis)">Joint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kief" title="Kief">Kief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roach_(smoking)" title="Roach (smoking)">Roach</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_cannabis" class="mw-redirect" title="Synthetic cannabis">Synthetic cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tincture_of_cannabis" title="Tincture of cannabis">Tincture</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Law</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_rights" title="Cannabis rights">Cannabis rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis" title="Legality of cannabis">Legality of cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_cannabis_law" title="Timeline of cannabis law">Timeline of cannabis law</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_international_law" title="Cannabis and international law">Cannabis and international law</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_and_cannabis_resin_from_Schedule_IV_of_the_Single_Convention_on_narcotic_drugs,_1961" title="Removal of cannabis and cannabis resin from Schedule IV of the Single Convention on narcotic drugs, 1961">UN 2020 descheduling</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Cannabis in the United States">Cannabis in the United States</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis_by_U.S._jurisdiction" title="Legality of cannabis by U.S. jurisdiction">Legality</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Legal history of cannabis in the United States">Legal history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_cannabis_laws_in_the_United_States" title="Timeline of cannabis laws in the United States">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Medical cannabis in the United States">Medical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Decriminalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Decriminalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States">Non-medical</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Canada" title="Cannabis in Canada">Cannabis in Canada</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Act" title="Cannabis Act">Cannabis Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_laws_of_Canada_by_province_or_territory" title="Cannabis laws of Canada by province or territory">Cannabis laws of Canada by province or territory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_cannabis_in_Canada" title="Legal history of cannabis in Canada">Legal history of cannabis in Canada</a></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li>Elsewhere <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_by_country" title="Cannabis by country">Cannabis by country</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Malta" title="Cannabis in Malta">Cannabis in Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Spain" title="Cannabis in Spain">Cannabis in Spain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_South_Africa" title="Cannabis in South Africa">Cannabis in South Africa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Thailand" title="Cannabis in Thailand">Cannabis in Thailand</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_Netherlands" title="Cannabis in the Netherlands">Cannabis in the Netherlands</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_policy_of_Portugal" title="Drug policy of Portugal">Drug policy of Portugal</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Structural_scheduling_of_synthetic_cannabinoids" title="Structural scheduling of synthetic cannabinoids">Structural scheduling of synthetic cannabinoids</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Variants</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoflowering_cannabis" title="Autoflowering cannabis">Autoflowering cannabis</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Genus</b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">Cannabis</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><b>Species</b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cannabis sativa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_indica" title="Cannabis indica">Cannabis indica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_ruderalis" title="Cannabis ruderalis">Cannabis ruderalis</a></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_strains" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis strains">Strains</a></b></li></ul> <dl><dd></dd></dl> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acapulco_Gold_(cannabis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Acapulco Gold (cannabis)">Acapulco Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte%27s_web_(cannabis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Charlotte's web (cannabis)">Charlotte's web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kush_(Cannabis)" class="mw-redirect" title="Kush (Cannabis)">Kush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Malawi_Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Malawi Gold">Malawi Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_Diesel" title="Sour Diesel">Sour Diesel</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background:transparent;border-top:1px solid #aaa;text-align:center;;color: var(--color-base)">Related</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_culture" title="Drug culture">Drug culture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_liberalization" title="Drug liberalization">Drug liberalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illegal_drug_trade" title="Illegal drug trade">Illegal drug trade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelia" title="Psychedelia">Psychedelia</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="text-align:center;"> <ul><li><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cannabis_leaf_2.svg/15px-Cannabis_leaf_2.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cannabis_leaf_2.svg/23px-Cannabis_leaf_2.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Cannabis_leaf_2.svg/30px-Cannabis_leaf_2.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="730" data-file-height="790" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Cannabis" title="Portal:Cannabis">Cannabis portal</a></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Esculaap4.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/15px-Esculaap4.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="23" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/23px-Esculaap4.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/66/Esculaap4.svg/30px-Esculaap4.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="200" data-file-height="300" /></a></span> <span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Medicine" title="Portal:Medicine">Medicine portal</a></span></li> <li><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Veranotrigo.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Veranotrigo.jpg/15px-Veranotrigo.jpg" decoding="async" width="15" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Veranotrigo.jpg/23px-Veranotrigo.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4f/Veranotrigo.jpg/30px-Veranotrigo.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1600" data-file-height="1200" /></a></span> <span class="nobold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Agriculture" title="Portal:Agriculture">Agriculture portal</a></span></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannabis_sidebar" title="Template:Cannabis sidebar"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cannabis_sidebar" title="Template talk:Cannabis sidebar"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis_sidebar" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis sidebar"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Male_sativa_flowers.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Male_sativa_flowers.jpg/220px-Male_sativa_flowers.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="382" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Male_sativa_flowers.jpg/330px-Male_sativa_flowers.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/90/Male_sativa_flowers.jpg/440px-Male_sativa_flowers.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1519" data-file-height="2639" /></a><figcaption>Male <i>Cannabis sativa</i> in flower</figcaption></figure> <p><i><b>Cannabis sativa</b></i> is an annual <a href="/wiki/Herbaceous_plant" title="Herbaceous plant">herbaceous</a> <a href="/wiki/Flowering_plant" title="Flowering plant">flowering plant</a>. The species was first classified by <a href="/wiki/Carl_Linnaeus" title="Carl Linnaeus">Carl Linnaeus</a> in 1753.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The specific epithet <i><a href="/wiki/Sativum" title="Sativum">sativa</a></i> means 'cultivated'. Indigenous to <a href="/wiki/East_Asia" title="East Asia">Eastern Asia</a>, the plant is now of <a href="/wiki/Cosmopolitan_distribution" title="Cosmopolitan distribution">cosmopolitan distribution</a> due to widespread cultivation.<sup id="cite_ref-FlorianKronkright1991_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-FlorianKronkright1991-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It has been cultivated throughout <a href="/wiki/Recorded_history" title="Recorded history">recorded history</a> and used as a source of <a href="/wiki/Hemp#fibre" title="Hemp">industrial fiber</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hemp_oil" title="Hemp oil">seed oil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hempnut" class="mw-redirect" title="Hempnut">food</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis" title="Medical cannabis">medicine</a>. It is also used as <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">a recreational drug</a> and for <a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_use_of_cannabis" title="Entheogenic use of cannabis">religious and spiritual purposes</a>. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Description">Description</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Description"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">Cannabis</a> and <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_cultivation" title="Cannabis cultivation">Cannabis cultivation</a></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg/242px-Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg" decoding="async" width="242" height="182" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg/363px-Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/43/Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg/484px-Cannabis_Sativa_tree.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a><figcaption>A female sativa cannabis strain in flowering or "budding" stage</figcaption></figure><p>The flowers of <i>Cannabis sativa</i> plants are most often either male or female, but, only plants displaying female pistils can be or turn hermaphrodite. Males can never become hermaphrodites.<sup id="cite_ref-SHARMA2011_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-SHARMA2011-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It is a short-day flowering plant, with staminate (male) plants usually taller and less robust than pistillate (female or male) plants.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Flower" title="Flower">flowers</a> of the female plant are arranged in <a href="/wiki/Raceme" title="Raceme">racemes</a> and can produce hundreds of seeds. Male plants shed their pollen and die several weeks prior to seed ripening on the female plants. Under typical conditions with a light period of 12 to 14 hours, both sexes are produced in equal numbers because of heritable <a href="/wiki/XY_sex-determination_system" title="XY sex-determination system">X and Y chromosomes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-ClarkeMerlin2013_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ClarkeMerlin2013-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Although genetic factors dispose a plant to become male or female, environmental factors including the <a href="/wiki/Diurnal_cycle" title="Diurnal cycle">diurnal light cycle</a> can alter sexual expression.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Naturally occurring <a href="/wiki/Monoecious" class="mw-redirect" title="Monoecious">monoecious</a> plants, with both male and female parts, are either sterile or fertile;<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="margin-left:0.1em; white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Please_clarify" title="Wikipedia:Please clarify"><span title=""Either sterile or fertile" is a tautology. Like "either alive or dead". (March 2022)">clarification needed</span></a></i>]</sup> but artificially induced "<a href="/wiki/Hermaphrodites" class="mw-redirect" title="Hermaphrodites">hermaphrodites</a>" can have fully functional reproductive organs.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "Feminized" seed sold by many commercial seed suppliers are derived from artificially "hermaphroditic" females that lack the male gene, or by treating the plants with hormones or silver <a href="/wiki/Thiosulfate" title="Thiosulfate">thiosulfate</a>. </p><div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Chemical_constituents">Chemical constituents</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Chemical constituents"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Cannabis (drug)</a></div> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg/200px-Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg.png" decoding="async" width="200" height="109" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg/300px-Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4c/Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg/400px-Tetrahydrocannabinol.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="620" data-file-height="337" /></a><figcaption>Δ<sup>9</sup>-<a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">tetrahydrocannabinol</a> (THC)</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg/220px-Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="264" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg/330px-Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/79/Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg/440px-Cannabis_sativa_Koehler_drawing.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1816" data-file-height="2177" /></a><figcaption><i>Cannabis sativa</i>, scientific drawing from c. 1900</figcaption></figure> <p>Although the main <a href="/wiki/Psychoactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychoactive">psychoactive</a> constituent of <i>Cannabis</i> is <a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">tetrahydrocannabinol</a> (THC), the plant is known to contain more than 500 compounds, among them at least 113 <a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid" title="Cannabinoid">cannabinoids</a>; however, most of these "minor" cannabinoids are only produced in trace amounts.<sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Besides THC, another cannabinoid produced in high concentrations by some plants is <a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">cannabidiol</a> (CBD), which is not psychoactive but has recently been shown to block the effect of THC in the nervous system.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Differences in the chemical composition of <i>Cannabis</i> varieties may produce different effects in humans. Synthetic THC, called <a href="/wiki/Dronabinol" title="Dronabinol">dronabinol</a>, does not contain cannabidiol (CBD), <a href="/wiki/Cannabinol" title="Cannabinol">cannabinol</a> (CBN), or other cannabinoids, which is one reason why its <a href="/wiki/Pharmacology" title="Pharmacology">pharmacological</a> effects may differ significantly from those of natural <i>Cannabis</i> preparations. </p><p>Beside cannabinoids, the chemical constituents of <i>Cannabis</i> include about 120 compounds responsible for its <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_flower_essential_oil" title="Cannabis flower essential oil">characteristic aroma</a>. These are mainly volatile <a href="/wiki/Terpene" title="Terpene">terpenes</a> and <a href="/wiki/Sesquiterpene" title="Sesquiterpene">sesquiterpenes</a>. </p> <ul><li>α-<a href="/wiki/Pinene" title="Pinene">Pinene</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Myrcene" title="Myrcene">Myrcene</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Linalool" title="Linalool">Linalool</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Limonene" title="Limonene">Limonene</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Trans-β-<a href="/wiki/Ocimene" title="Ocimene">ocimene</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>α-<a href="/wiki/Terpinolene" class="mw-redirect" title="Terpinolene">Terpinolene</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Trans-<a href="/wiki/Caryophyllene" title="Caryophyllene">caryophyllene</a><sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>α-<a href="/wiki/Humulene" title="Humulene">Humulene</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> contributes to the characteristic aroma of <i>Cannabis sativa</i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caryophyllene" title="Caryophyllene">Caryophyllene</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-essential_11-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-essential-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> with which some hashish detection dogs are trained<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>A 1980 study identifying constituents of <i>C. sativa</i><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> established 19 major chemical families (number of chemicals within group): </p> <ul><li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Cannabis_Acids" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Acids</a> (18)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Cannabis_Alcohols" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Alcohols</a> (6)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Cannabis_Aldehydes" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Aldehydes</a> (12)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Cannabis_Amino_Acids" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Amino Acids</a> (18)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Cannabinoids" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Cannabinoids</a> (55)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Esters_and_Lactones" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Esters/Lactones</a> (11)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Flavanoid_Glycosides" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Flavanoids Glycosides</a> (14)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Fatty_Acids" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Fatty Acids</a> (20)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Hydrocarbons" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Hydrocarbons</a> (46)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Ketones" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Ketones</a> (13)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Nitrogenous_Compounds" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Nitrogenous Compounds</a> (18)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Non_Cannabinoid_Phenols" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Non-Cannabinoid Phenols</a> (14)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Phytocannabinoids" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Phytocannabinoids</a> (111)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Pigments" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Pigments</a> (2)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Proteins,_Glycoproteins,_Enzymes" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Proteins</a> (7)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Steroids" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Steroids</a> (9)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Sugars" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Sugars</a> (32)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Terpenes" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Terpenes</a> (98)</li> <li><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Dataset_Imports/Chemical_Composition_of_Cannabis_Sativa#Vitamins" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Wikidata:Dataset Imports/Chemical Composition of Cannabis Sativa">Vitamins</a> (1)</li></ul> <p>Cannabis also produces numerous volatile sulfur compounds that contribute to the plant's skunk-like aroma, with <a href="/wiki/Prenylthiol" title="Prenylthiol">Prenylthiol</a> (3-methyl-2-butene-1-thiol) identified as the primary odorant.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These compounds are found in much lower concentrations than the major terpenes and sesquiterpenes. However, they contribute significantly to the pungent aroma of cannabis due to their <a href="/wiki/Odor_detection_threshold" title="Odor detection threshold">low odor thresholds</a> as often seen with <a href="/wiki/Thiol" title="Thiol">thiols</a> or other sulfur-containing compounds. </p><p>A number of specific aromatic compounds have been implicated in variety-specific aromas.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These include another class of volatile sulfur compounds, referred to as tropical volatile sulfur compounds, that include 3-mercaptohexanol, 3-mercaptohexyl acetate, and 3-mercaptohexyl butyrate. These compounds possess powerful and distinctive fruity, tropical, and citrus aromas in low concentrations such as those found in certain cannabis varieties. These compounds are also important in the citrus and tropical flavors of <a href="/wiki/Hops" title="Hops">hops</a>, <a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">beer</a>, <a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">wine</a>, and tropical fruits. </p><p>In addition to volatile sulfur compounds, the heterocyclic compounds <a href="/wiki/Indole" title="Indole">indole</a> and <a href="/wiki/Skatole" title="Skatole">skatole</a> (3-Methyl-1<i>H</i>-indole) contribute to the chemical or savory aromas of certain varieties.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_15-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Skatole in particular was identified as a key contributor to this scent. This compound is found in mammalian feces and is used in the perfuming industry.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> It possesses a complex aroma that is highly dependent on concentration. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Cultivation">Cultivation</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Cultivation"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A <i>Cannabis</i> plant in the vegetative growth phase of its life requires more than 16–18 hours of light per day to stay vegetative. Flowering usually occurs when darkness equals at least 12 hours per day. The flowering cycle can last anywhere between seven and fifteen weeks, depending on the strain and environmental conditions. When the production of <a href="/wiki/Psychoactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychoactive">psychoactive</a> <a href="/wiki/Cannabinoids" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoids">cannabinoids</a> is sought, female plants are grown separately from male plants to induce <a href="/wiki/Parthenocarpy" title="Parthenocarpy">parthenocarpy</a> in the female plant's fruits (popularly called "sin semilla" which is Spanish for "without seed" ) and increase the production of <a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid" title="Cannabinoid">cannabinoid</a>-rich resin.<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In soil, the optimum <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> for the plant is 6.3 to 6.8. In <a href="/wiki/Hydroponics" title="Hydroponics">hydroponic</a> growing, the nutrient solution is best at 5.2 to 5.8, making <i>Cannabis</i> well-suited to hydroponics because this pH range is hostile to most bacteria and fungi.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (January 2021)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Tissue_culture" title="Tissue culture">Tissue culture</a> multiplication has become important in producing medically important clones,<sup id="cite_ref-Arora2010_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arora2010-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> while seed production remains the generally preferred means of multiplication.<sup id="cite_ref-ChandraLata2017_19-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ChandraLata2017-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Sativa plants have narrow leaves and grow best in warm environments. They do, however, take longer to flower than their Indica counterparts, and they grow taller than the Indica cannabis strains as well.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Cultivars">Cultivars</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Cultivars"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Broadly, there are three main <a href="/wiki/Cultivar" title="Cultivar">cultivar groups</a> of cannabis that are cultivated today: </p> <ul><li>Cultivars primarily cultivated for their fibre, characterized by long stems and little branching.<sup id="cite_ref-domestication_21-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-domestication-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Cultivars grown for seed which can be eaten entirely raw or from which <a href="/wiki/Hemp_oil" title="Hemp oil">hemp oil</a> is extracted.</li> <li>Cultivars grown for medicinal or <a href="/wiki/Recreational_drug_use" title="Recreational drug use">recreational</a> purposes, characterized by extensive branching to maximize the number of flowers.<sup id="cite_ref-domestication_21-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-domestication-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <p>A nominal if not legal distinction is often made between industrial hemp, with concentrations of psychoactive compounds far too low to be useful for that purpose, and <a href="/wiki/Marijuana_(word)" title="Marijuana (word)">marijuana</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Uses">Uses</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Uses"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Cannabis#Industrial_and_personal_uses" title="Cannabis">Industrial and personal uses of <i>cannabis</i></a>, <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Cannabis (drug)</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a></div> <p><i>Cannabis sativa</i> seeds are chiefly used to make hempseed oil which can be used for cooking, lamps, lacquers, or paints. They can also be used as caged-bird feed, as they provide a source of nutrients for most animals. The flowers and fruits (and to a lesser extent the leaves, stems, and seeds) contain <a href="/wiki/Psychoactive" class="mw-redirect" title="Psychoactive">psychoactive</a> <a href="/wiki/Chemical_compound" title="Chemical compound">chemical compounds</a> known as <a href="/wiki/Cannabinoids" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoids">cannabinoids</a> that are consumed for recreational, medicinal, and spiritual purposes. When so used, preparations of flowers and fruits (called <a href="/wiki/Marijuana" class="mw-redirect" title="Marijuana">marijuana</a>) and leaves and preparations derived from resinous extract (e.g., <a href="/wiki/Hashish" title="Hashish">hashish</a>) are consumed by smoking, vaporising, and oral ingestion. Historically, <a href="/wiki/Tincture" title="Tincture">tinctures</a>, <a href="/wiki/Herbal_tea" title="Herbal tea">teas</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ointment" class="mw-redirect" title="Ointment">ointments</a> have also been common preparations. In <a href="/wiki/Traditional_medicine" title="Traditional medicine">traditional medicine</a> of India in particular <i>cannabis sativa</i> has been used as hallucinogenic, hypnotic, <a href="/wiki/Sedative" title="Sedative">sedative</a>, <a href="/wiki/Analgesic" title="Analgesic">analgesic</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Anti-inflammatory" title="Anti-inflammatory">anti-inflammatory</a> agent.<sup id="cite_ref-pmid30205181_22-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-pmid30205181-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Terpenes have gained public awareness through the growth and education of medical and recreational cannabis. Organizations and companies operating in cannabis markets have pushed education and marketing of terpenes in their products as a way to differentiate taste and effects of cannabis.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The <a href="/wiki/Entourage_effect" title="Entourage effect">entourage effect</a>, which describes the synergy of cannabinoids, terpenes, and other plant compounds, has also helped further awareness and demand for terpenes in cannabis products.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239009302">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{clear:left;float:left;margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannabis_leaf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/26px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="26" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/39px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/52px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="546" /></a></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cannabis" title="Portal:Cannabis">Cannabis portal</a></span></li></ul> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_indica" title="Cannabis indica">Cannabis indica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_ruderalis" title="Cannabis ruderalis">Cannabis ruderalis</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_strains" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis strains">Cannabis strains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_strain#Taxonomic_paradigm" title="Cannabis strain">Difference between <i>C. indica</i> and <i>C. sativa</i></a></li></ul> <div style="clear:both;" class=""></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Greg Green, <i>The Cannabis Breeder's Bible</i>, Green Candy Press, 2005, pp. 15-16 <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9781931160278" title="Special:BookSources/9781931160278">9781931160278</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-FlorianKronkright1991-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-FlorianKronkright1991_2-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFlorianKronkrightNorton1991" class="citation book cs1">Florian ML, Kronkright DP, Norton RE (21 March 1991). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Vp5OAgAAQBAJ&pg=PA49"><i>The Conservation of Artifacts Made from Plant Materials</i></a>. Getty Publications. pp. 49–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-160-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-89236-160-1"><bdi>978-0-89236-160-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Conservation+of+Artifacts+Made+from+Plant+Materials&rft.pages=49-&rft.pub=Getty+Publications&rft.date=1991-03-21&rft.isbn=978-0-89236-160-1&rft.aulast=Florian&rft.aufirst=ML&rft.au=Kronkright%2C+DP&rft.au=Norton%2C+RE&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DVp5OAgAAQBAJ%26pg%3DPA49&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-SHARMA2011-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-SHARMA2011_3-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSharma2011" class="citation book cs1">Sharma OP (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=Roi0lwSXFnUC&pg=PA459"><i>Plant Taxonomy</i></a> (2nd ed.). Tata McGraw-Hill Education. pp. 459–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-259-08137-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-259-08137-8"><bdi>978-1-259-08137-8</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Plant+Taxonomy&rft.pages=459-&rft.edition=2nd&rft.pub=Tata+McGraw-Hill+Education&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-1-259-08137-8&rft.aulast=Sharma&rft.aufirst=OP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DRoi0lwSXFnUC%26pg%3DPA459&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200006342">"Cannabis sativa in Flora of North America @ efloras.org"</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20170303042937/http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200006342">Archived</a> from the original on 2017-03-03<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2017-05-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Cannabis+sativa+in+Flora+of+North+America+%40+efloras.org&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.efloras.org%2Fflorataxon.aspx%3Fflora_id%3D1%26taxon_id%3D200006342&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20221205115948/https://unitedcannabisseeds.com/the-complete-cannabis-sexing-guide/">"The Difference Between Male and Female Cannabis Plants"</a>. United Cannabis Seeds<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 March</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=The+Difference+Between+Male+and+Female+Cannabis+Plants&rft.pub=United+Cannabis+Seeds&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fweb.archive.org%2Fweb%2F20221205115948%2Fhttps%3A%2F%2Funitedcannabisseeds.com%2Fthe-complete-cannabis-sexing-guide%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span> <span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment"><code class="cs1-code">{{<a href="/wiki/Template:Cite_web" title="Template:Cite web">cite web</a>}}</code>: </span><span class="cs1-visible-error citation-comment">Check <code class="cs1-code">|archive-url=</code> value (<a href="/wiki/Help:CS1_errors#bad_url" title="Help:CS1 errors">help</a>)</span><span class="cs1-maint citation-comment">CS1 maint: url-status (<a href="/wiki/Category:CS1_maint:_url-status" title="Category:CS1 maint: url-status">link</a>)</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ClarkeMerlin2013-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-ClarkeMerlin2013_6-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFClarkeMerlin2013" class="citation book cs1">Clarke R, Merlin M (1 September 2013). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=poenY6QMq8UC&pg=PA16"><i>Cannabis: Evolution and Ethnobotany</i></a>. University of California Press. pp. 16–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-520-95457-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-520-95457-1"><bdi>978-0-520-95457-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230420161333/https://books.google.com/books?id=poenY6QMq8UC&pg=PA16">Archived</a> from the original on 20 April 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">27 February</span> 2018</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Cannabis%3A+Evolution+and+Ethnobotany&rft.pages=16-&rft.pub=University+of+California+Press&rft.date=2013-09-01&rft.isbn=978-0-520-95457-1&rft.aulast=Clarke&rft.aufirst=R&rft.au=Merlin%2C+M&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DpoenY6QMq8UC%26pg%3DPA16&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchaffner1921" class="citation journal cs1">Schaffner JH (1921-01-01). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://zenodo.org/record/1431411">"Influence of Environment on Sexual Expression in Hemp"</a>. <i>Botanical Gazette</i>. <b>71</b> (3): 197–219. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1086%2F332818">10.1086/332818</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/2469863">2469863</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:85156955">85156955</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200727073708/https://zenodo.org/record/1431411">Archived</a> from the original on 2020-07-27<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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CABI. pp. 103–. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84593-692-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84593-692-1"><bdi>978-1-84593-692-1</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20230420161312/https://books.google.com/books?id=3sPwKo3b3cUC&pg=PA103">Archived</a> from the original on 2023-04-20<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Ethnopharmacology&rft.atitle=Cannabis+sativa%3A+A+comprehensive+ethnopharmacological+review+of+a+medicinal+plant+with+a+long+history&rft.volume=227&rft.pages=300-315&rft.date=2018-12&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A52188193%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F30205181&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fj.jep.2018.09.004&rft.aulast=Bonini&rft.aufirst=SA&rft.au=Premoli%2C+M&rft.au=Tambaro%2C+S&rft.au=Kumar%2C+A&rft.au=Maccarinelli%2C+G&rft.au=Memo%2C+M&rft.au=Mastinu%2C+A&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://terpenoids.net/terpene-carene/">"Terpene Carene usage"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Terpene+Carene+usage&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fterpenoids.net%2Fterpene-carene%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span><sup class="noprint Inline-Template"><span style="white-space: nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Link_rot" title="Wikipedia:Link rot"><span title=" Dead link tagged August 2023">permanent dead link</span></a></i><span style="visibility:hidden; color:transparent; padding-left:2px">‍</span>]</span></sup></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGoldstein_Ferber2020" class="citation journal cs1">Goldstein Ferber, Sari (February 18, 2020). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7324885">"The "Entourage Effect": Terpenes Coupled with Cannabinoids for the Treatment of Mood Disorders and Anxiety Disorders"</a>. <i>Current Neuropharmacology</i>. <b>18</b> (2): 87–96. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2174%2F1570159X17666190903103923">10.2174/1570159X17666190903103923</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7324885">7324885</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31481004">31481004</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Current+Neuropharmacology&rft.atitle=The+%22Entourage+Effect%22%3A+Terpenes+Coupled+with+Cannabinoids+for+the+Treatment+of+Mood+Disorders+and+Anxiety+Disorders&rft.volume=18&rft.issue=2&rft.pages=87-96&rft.date=2020-02-18&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7324885%23id-name%3DPMC&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F31481004&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2174%2F1570159X17666190903103923&rft.aulast=Goldstein+Ferber&rft.aufirst=Sari&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC7324885&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ACannabis+sativa" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="External_links">External links</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_sativa&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: External 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plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Psychoactive_substance_use" title="Template:Psychoactive substance use"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Psychoactive_substance_use" title="Template talk:Psychoactive substance use"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Psychoactive_substance_use" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Psychoactive substance use"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Psychoactive_substance-related_disorders" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Psychoactive_drug" title="Psychoactive drug">Psychoactive</a> <a href="/wiki/Substance-related_disorder" title="Substance-related disorder">substance-related disorders</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Substance-related_disorder#Substance-induced_disorders" title="Substance-related disorder">SID</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Substance_intoxication" title="Substance intoxication">Substance intoxication</a> / <a href="/wiki/Drug_overdose" title="Drug overdose">Drug overdose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substance-induced_psychosis" title="Substance-induced psychosis">Substance-induced psychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_withdrawal" title="Drug withdrawal">Withdrawal</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neonatal_withdrawal" title="Neonatal withdrawal">Neonatal withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Post-acute-withdrawal_syndrome" title="Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome">Post-acute-withdrawal syndrome</a> (PAWS)</li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Substance_use_disorder" title="Substance use disorder">SUD</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Substance_abuse" title="Substance abuse">Substance abuse</a> / <a href="/wiki/Substance-related_disorder" title="Substance-related disorder">Substance-related disorders</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physical_dependence" title="Physical dependence">Physical dependence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Psychological_dependence" title="Psychological dependence">Psychological dependence</a> / <a href="/wiki/Substance_dependence" title="Substance dependence">Substance dependence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Combined<br />substance use</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Polysubstance_dependence" title="Polysubstance dependence">Polysubstance dependence</a></li></ul></li> <li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Combined_drug_intoxication" title="Combined drug intoxication">Combined drug intoxication</a> (CDI)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Alcohol</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SID</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_and_cardiovascular_disease" title="Alcohol and cardiovascular disease">Cardiovascular diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_cardiomyopathy" title="Alcoholic cardiomyopathy">Alcoholic cardiomyopathy</a> (ACM)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_flush_reaction" title="Alcohol flush reaction">Alcohol flush reaction</a> (AFR)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Gastrointestinal_disease" title="Gastrointestinal disease">Gastrointestinal diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_liver_disease" title="Alcoholic liver disease">Alcoholic liver disease</a> (ALD): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_hepatitis" title="Alcoholic hepatitis">Alcoholic hepatitis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zieve%27s_syndrome" title="Zieve's syndrome">Zieve's syndrome</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Auto-brewery_syndrome" title="Auto-brewery syndrome">Auto-brewery syndrome</a> (ABS)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Endocrine_disease" title="Endocrine disease">Endocrine diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_ketoacidosis" title="Alcoholic ketoacidosis">Alcoholic ketoacidosis</a> (AKA)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nervous_system_disease" title="Nervous system disease">Nervous<br /> system diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol-related_dementia" title="Alcohol-related dementia">Alcohol-related dementia</a> (ARD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_intoxication" title="Alcohol intoxication">Alcohol intoxication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hangover" title="Hangover">Hangover</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Neurological_disorder" title="Neurological disorder">Neurological<br /> disorders</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_hallucinosis" title="Alcoholic hallucinosis">Alcoholic hallucinosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_polyneuropathy" title="Alcoholic polyneuropathy">Alcoholic polyneuropathy</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol-related_brain_damage" title="Alcohol-related brain damage">Alcohol-related brain damage</a> (ARDB)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_withdrawal_syndrome" title="Alcohol withdrawal syndrome">Alcohol withdrawal syndrome</a> (AWS): <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_hallucinosis" title="Alcoholic hallucinosis">Alcoholic hallucinosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Delirium_tremens" title="Delirium tremens">Delirium tremens</a> (DTs)</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fetal_alcohol_spectrum_disorder" title="Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder">Fetal alcohol spectrum disorder</a> (FASD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korsakoff_syndrome" title="Korsakoff syndrome">Korsakoff syndrome</a> (KS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marchiafava%E2%80%93Bignami_disease" title="Marchiafava–Bignami disease">Marchiafava–Bignami disease</a> (MBD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Positional_alcohol_nystagmus" title="Positional alcohol nystagmus">Positional alcohol nystagmus</a> (PAN)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wernicke%E2%80%93Korsakoff_syndrome" title="Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome">Wernicke–Korsakoff syndrome</a> (WKS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wernicke_encephalopathy" title="Wernicke encephalopathy">Wernicke encephalopathy</a> (WE)</li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Respiratory_disease" title="Respiratory disease">Respiratory tract diseases</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol-induced_respiratory_reactions" title="Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions">Alcohol-induced respiratory reactions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholic_lung_disease" title="Alcoholic lung disease">Alcoholic lung disease</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">SUD</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcoholism" title="Alcoholism">Alcoholism</a> (alcohol use disorder (AUD))</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Binge_drinking" title="Binge drinking">Binge drinking</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Caffeine" title="Caffeine">Caffeine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine-induced_anxiety_disorder" title="Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder">Caffeine-induced anxiety disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine-induced_psychosis" title="Caffeine-induced psychosis">Caffeine-induced psychosis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine-induced_sleep_disorder" title="Caffeine-induced sleep disorder">Caffeine-induced sleep disorder</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caffeinism" title="Caffeinism">Caffeinism</a></li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Caffeine_dependence" title="Caffeine dependence">Caffeine dependence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Cannabis</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Cannabis_arteritis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cannabis arteritis (page does not exist)">Cannabis arteritis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_hyperemesis_syndrome" title="Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome">Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome</a> (CHS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Intravenous_marijuana_syndrome" title="Intravenous marijuana syndrome">Intravenous marijuana syndrome</a></li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amotivational_syndrome" title="Amotivational syndrome">Amotivational syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_use_disorder" title="Cannabis use disorder">Cannabis use disorder</a> (CUD)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Synthetic_cannabinoid_use_disorder&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Synthetic cannabinoid use disorder (page does not exist)">Synthetic cannabinoid use disorder</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">Cocaine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine_intoxication" title="Cocaine intoxication">Cocaine intoxication</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prenatal_cocaine_exposure" title="Prenatal cocaine exposure">Prenatal cocaine exposure</a> (PCE)</li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine_dependence" title="Cocaine dependence">Cocaine dependence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hallucinogen" title="Hallucinogen">Hallucinogen</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bad_trip" title="Bad trip">Acute intoxication from hallucinogens (bad trip)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hallucinogen_persisting_perception_disorder" title="Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder">Hallucinogen persisting perception disorder</a> (HPPD)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Nicotine" title="Nicotine">Nicotine</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Green_Tobacco_Sickness" title="Green Tobacco Sickness">Green Tobacco Sickness</a> (GTS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine_poisoning" title="Nicotine poisoning">Nicotine poisoning</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine_withdrawal" title="Nicotine withdrawal">Nicotine withdrawal</a></li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nicotine_dependence" title="Nicotine dependence">Nicotine dependence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Opioid" title="Opioid">Opioids</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_overdose" title="Opioid overdose">Opioid overdose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_withdrawal" title="Opioid withdrawal">Opioid withdrawal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid-induced_hyperalgesia" title="Opioid-induced hyperalgesia">Opioid-induced hyperalgesia</a> (OIH)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid-induced_endocrinopathy" title="Opioid-induced endocrinopathy">Opioid-induced endocrinopathy</a> (OIE)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opioid-induced_constipation" class="mw-redirect" title="Opioid-induced constipation">Opioid-induced constipation</a> (OIC)</li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Opioid_use_disorder" title="Opioid use disorder">Opioid use disorder</a> (OUD)</li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Sedative" title="Sedative">Sedative</a> /<br /><a href="/wiki/Hypnotic" title="Hypnotic">hypnotic</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kindling_(sedative%E2%80%93hypnotic_withdrawal)" title="Kindling (sedative–hypnotic withdrawal)">Kindling (sedative–hypnotic withdrawal)</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine" title="Benzodiazepine">benzodiazepine</a>:</i> SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine_overdose" title="Benzodiazepine overdose">Benzodiazepine overdose</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine_withdrawal_syndrome" title="Benzodiazepine withdrawal syndrome">Benzodiazepine withdrawal</a></li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine_use_disorder" title="Benzodiazepine use disorder">Benzodiazepine use disorder</a> (BUD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Benzodiazepine_dependence" title="Benzodiazepine dependence">Benzodiazepine dependence</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Barbiturate" title="Barbiturate">barbiturate</a>:</i> SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbiturate_overdose" title="Barbiturate overdose">Barbiturate overdose</a></li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Barbiturate_dependence" title="Barbiturate dependence">Barbiturate dependence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Stimulant" title="Stimulant">Stimulants</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Stimulant_psychosis" title="Stimulant psychosis">Stimulant psychosis</a></li></ul></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Amphetamine" title="Amphetamine">amphetamine</a>:</i> SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amphetamine_dependence" title="Amphetamine dependence">Amphetamine dependence</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Solvent" title="Solvent">Volatile<br /> solvent</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>SID <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sudden_sniffing_death_syndrome" class="mw-redirect" title="Sudden sniffing death syndrome">Sudden sniffing death syndrome</a> (SSDS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Toluene_toxicity" title="Toluene toxicity">Toluene toxicity</a></li></ul></li> <li>SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chronic_solvent-induced_encephalopathy" title="Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy">Chronic solvent-induced encephalopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inhalant" title="Inhalant">Inhalant abuse</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Anabolic-androgenic_steroid" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabolic-androgenic steroid">Anabolic-androgenic steroids</a></i>: SUD <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Anabolic-androgenic_steroids_abuse" class="mw-redirect" title="Anabolic-androgenic steroids abuse">Anabolic-androgenic steroids abuse</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chocoholic" class="mw-redirect" title="Chocoholic">Chocolate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cannabis" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible expanded navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannabis" title="Template:Cannabis"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cannabis" title="Template talk:Cannabis"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cannabis" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">Cannabis</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_cannabis" title="Outline of cannabis">Outline of cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Recreational and medical applications</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Industrial applications</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Autoflowering_cannabis" title="Autoflowering cannabis">Autoflowering cannabis</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis" title="Cannabis">Cannabis</a></i> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_indica" title="Cannabis indica">indica</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_ruderalis" title="Cannabis ruderalis">ruderalis</a></i></li> <li><i><a class="mw-selflink selflink">sativa</a></i></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chemical_defenses_in_Cannabis" title="Chemical defenses in Cannabis">Chemical defenses in Cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_consumption" title="Cannabis consumption">Consumption</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Conversion_of_CBD_to_THC" title="Conversion of CBD to THC">Conversion of CBD to THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_cultivation" title="Cannabis cultivation">Cultivation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_cannabis_terms" title="Glossary of cannabis terms">Glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_names_for_cannabis" title="List of names for cannabis">Names</a> (<a href="/wiki/Etymology_of_cannabis" title="Etymology of cannabis">cannabis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Dagga" title="Dagga">dagga</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ganja" title="Ganja">ganja</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marijuana_(word)" title="Marijuana (word)">marijuana</a>, <a href="/wiki/List_of_slang_names_for_cannabis" title="List of slang names for cannabis">slang</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_strains" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis strains">Strains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Synthetic_cannabinoids" title="Synthetic cannabinoids">Synthetic cannabis</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Usage</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_use_and_trauma" title="Cannabis use and trauma">Cannabis use and trauma</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis" title="Medical cannabis">Medical cannabis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_product_testing" title="Cannabis product testing">Cannabis product testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_medical_cannabis" title="History of medical cannabis">History</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Medical cannabis in the United States">In the US</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_card" title="Medical cannabis card">Medical cannabis card</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entheogenic_use_of_cannabis" title="Entheogenic use of cannabis">Religious and spiritual use</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chalice_(pipe)" title="Chalice (pipe)">Chalice</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_drug_testing" title="Cannabis drug testing">Drug testing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marijuana_Anonymous" title="Marijuana Anonymous">Marijuana Anonymous</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Hemp" title="Hemp">Hemp</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hanfparade" title="Hanfparade">Hanfparade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hemp_diseases" title="List of hemp diseases">List of hemp diseases</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hemp_products" title="List of hemp products">List of hemp products</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hempcrete" title="Hempcrete">hempcrete</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_jewelry" title="Hemp jewelry">jewelry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_milk" title="Hemp milk">milk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_oil" title="Hemp oil">oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_paper" title="Hemp paper">paper</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rolling_paper" title="Rolling paper">rolling paper</a></li></ul></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hemp_varieties" title="List of hemp varieties">List of hemp varieties</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hemp_for_Victory" title="Hemp for Victory">Hemp for Victory</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_Industries_Association" title="Hemp Industries Association">Hemp Industries Association</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/The_Emperor_Wears_No_Clothes" title="The Emperor Wears No Clothes">The Emperor Wears No Clothes</a></i></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Variants</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_edible" title="Cannabis edible">Cannabis edible</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bhang" title="Bhang">Bhang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_tea" title="Cannabis tea">Cannabis tea</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_smoking" title="Cannabis smoking">Cannabis smoking</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Joint_(cannabis)" title="Joint (cannabis)">Joint</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vaporizer_(inhalation_device)" title="Vaporizer (inhalation device)">Vaporizing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_concentrate" title="Cannabis concentrate">Cannabis concentrate</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_flower_essential_oil" title="Cannabis flower essential oil">Essential oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charas" title="Charas">Charas</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hashish" title="Hashish">Hashish</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hash_oil" title="Hash oil">Hash oil</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kief" title="Kief">Kief</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tincture_of_cannabis" title="Tincture of cannabis">Tincture</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marihuana_prensada" title="Marihuana prensada"><i>Marihuana prensada</i></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Comparison_of_phytocannabinoids" title="Comparison of phytocannabinoids">Phytocannabinoids</a> <ul><li>Quasi-psychedelic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Δ-8-Tetrahydrocannabinol"><i>delta</i>-8-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%CE%94-10-Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Δ-10-Tetrahydrocannabinol"><i>delta</i>-10-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabihexol" title="Tetrahydrocannabihexol">THCH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabiphorol" title="Tetrahydrocannabiphorol">THCP</a></li></ul></li> <li>Other <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">CBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabihexol" title="Tetrahydrocannabihexol">CBDH</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiphorol" title="Cannabidiphorol">CBDP</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_cannabis" title="Effects of cannabis">Effects</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Amotivational_syndrome" title="Amotivational syndrome">Amotivational syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_pregnancy" title="Cannabis in pregnancy">Cannabis in pregnancy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_use_disorder" title="Cannabis use disorder">Cannabis use disorder</a> (CUD)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_hyperemesis_syndrome" title="Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome">Cannabinoid hyperemesis syndrome</a> (CHS)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clinical_endocannabinoid_deficiency_syndrome" title="Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome">Clinical endocannabinoid deficiency syndrome</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Entourage_effect" title="Entourage effect">Entourage effect</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endocannabinoid_system" title="Endocannabinoid system">Endocannabinoid system</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_impaired_driving" title="Cannabis and impaired driving">Impaired driving</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_time_perception" title="Cannabis and time perception">Time perception</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Long-term_effects_of_cannabis" title="Long-term effects of cannabis">Long-term effects</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Occupational_health_concerns_of_cannabis_use" title="Occupational health concerns of cannabis use">Occupational health concerns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis_research" title="Medical cannabis research">Medical cannabis research</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_culture" title="Cannabis culture">Culture</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/420_(cannabis_culture)" title="420 (cannabis culture)">420</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Budtender" title="Budtender">Budtender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_by_Country" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabis by Country">Cannabis by Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_cookbook" title="Cannabis cookbook">Cookbooks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_etiquette" title="Cannabis etiquette">Etiquette</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Social_Club" title="Cannabis Social Club">Cannabis Social Club</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Head_shop" title="Head shop">Head shop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_books_about_cannabis" title="List of books about cannabis">Books</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Culture_(magazine)" title="Cannabis Culture (magazine)">Cannabis Culture</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cannabis_columns" title="List of cannabis columns">Columns</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cannabis_competitions" title="List of cannabis competitions">Competitions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cannabis_hoaxes" title="List of cannabis hoaxes">List of cannabis hoaxes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Films_about_cannabis" title="Category:Films about cannabis">Films</a> (<a href="/wiki/Stoner_film" title="Stoner film">Stoner film</a>)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/High_Times" title="High Times">High Times</a></i></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Cannabis_music" title="Category:Cannabis music">Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_religion" title="Cannabis and religion">Religion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_the_restaurant_industry" title="Cannabis in the restaurant industry">Restaurants</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_sports" title="Cannabis and sports">Sports</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Overgrow" title="Operation Overgrow">Operation Overgrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Smoke-in" title="Smoke-in">Smoke-in</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stoner_TV" title="Stoner TV">Stoner TV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_and_video_game_culture" title="Cannabis and video game culture">Video games</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Organizations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cannabis_rights_organizations" title="List of cannabis rights organizations">Cannabis rights</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alliance_for_Cannabis_Therapeutics" title="Alliance for Cannabis Therapeutics">ACT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aotearoa_Legalise_Cannabis_Party" title="Aotearoa Legalise Cannabis Party">ALCP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Medical_Marijuana_Association" title="American Medical Marijuana Association">AMMA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Americans_for_Safe_Access" title="Americans for Safe Access">ASA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Action_Network" title="Cannabis Action Network">CAN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colorado_Badged_Network" title="Colorado Badged Network">CBN</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Law_Reform" title="Cannabis Law Reform">CLEAR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coalition_for_Rescheduling_Cannabis" class="mw-redirect" title="Coalition for Rescheduling Cannabis">CRC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dagga_Couple" title="Dagga Couple">Dagga Couple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctors_for_Cannabis_Regulation" class="mw-redirect" title="Doctors for Cannabis Regulation">DFCR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drug_Policy_Alliance" title="Drug Policy Alliance">DPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/ENCOD" class="mw-redirect" title="ENCOD">ENCOD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/FAAAT_think_%26_do_tank" title="FAAAT think & do tank">FAAAT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Finnish_Cannabis_Association" title="Finnish Cannabis Association">FCA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Great_Legalisation_Movement_India" title="Great Legalisation Movement India">GLM India</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Marijuana_March" title="Global Marijuana March">GMM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Law_Enforcement_Action_Partnership" title="Law Enforcement Action Partnership">LEAP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Multidisciplinary_Association_for_Psychedelic_Studies" title="Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies">MAPS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marijuana_Policy_Project" title="Marijuana Policy Project">MPP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Cannabis_Industry_Association" title="National Cannabis Industry Association">NCIA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Organization_for_the_Reform_of_Marijuana_Laws" title="National Organization for the Reform of Marijuana Laws">NORML</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/NORML_France" title="NORML France">France</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORML_New_Zealand" title="NORML New Zealand">NZ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NORML_UK" title="NORML UK">UK</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Safer_Alternative_for_Enjoyable_Recreation" title="Safer Alternative for Enjoyable Recreation">SAFER</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Society_of_Cannabis_Clinicians" title="Society of Cannabis Clinicians">SCC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Students_for_Sensible_Drug_Policy" title="Students for Sensible Drug Policy">SSDP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Veterans_for_Medical_Cannabis_Access" title="Veterans for Medical Cannabis Access">VMCA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Science</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/International_Association_for_Cannabinoid_Medicines" title="International Association for Cannabinoid Medicines">IACM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Cannabinoid_Research_Society" title="International Cannabinoid Research Society">ICRS</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Center_for_Ethnobotanical_Education,_Research_and_Service" title="International Center for Ethnobotanical Education, Research and Service">ICEERS</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Demographics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Adult_lifetime_cannabis_use_by_country" title="Adult lifetime cannabis use by country">Adult lifetime use by country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Annual_cannabis_use_by_country" class="mw-redirect" title="Annual cannabis use by country">Annual use by country</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politics</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bootleggers_and_Baptists#Cannabis" title="Bootleggers and Baptists">Bootleggers and Baptists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_rights" title="Cannabis rights">Cannabis rights</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cannabis_rights_leaders" title="List of cannabis rights leaders">Activists</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Capital_punishment_for_cannabis_trafficking" title="Capital punishment for cannabis trafficking">Capital punishment for cannabis trafficking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Effects_of_legalized_cannabis" title="Effects of legalized cannabis">Effects of legalized cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_Marijuana_March" title="Global Marijuana March">Global Marijuana March</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Legality_of_cannabis" title="Legality of cannabis">Legality of cannabis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_control_treaties" class="mw-redirect" title="Drug control treaties">Internationally</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cannabis_regulatory_agencies" title="List of cannabis regulatory agencies">Regulatory agencies</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_Convention_on_Narcotic_Drugs" title="Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs">1961 Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Convention_on_Psychotropic_Substances" title="Convention on Psychotropic Substances">1971 Vienna Convention on Psychotropic Substances</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_Nations_Convention_Against_Illicit_Traffic_in_Narcotic_Drugs_and_Psychotropic_Substances" title="United Nations Convention Against Illicit Traffic in Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances">1998 UN Convention on Illicit Trafficking</a></li></ul></li> <li>In the U.S. <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legal_history_of_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Legal history of cannabis in the United States">Legal history in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Marihuana_Tax_Act_of_1937" title="Marihuana Tax Act of 1937">Marihuana Tax Act of 1937</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_cannabis_law" title="Timeline of cannabis law">Timeline of cannabis law</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Major legal<br />reforms</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li>Treaty law: <a href="/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_and_cannabis_resin_from_Schedule_IV_of_the_Single_Convention_on_narcotic_drugs,_1961" title="Removal of cannabis and cannabis resin from Schedule IV of the Single Convention on narcotic drugs, 1961">Rescheduling of cannabis in 2020</a></li> <li>Canada: <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Act" title="Cannabis Act">2018 Cannabis Act</a></li> <li>Germany: <a href="/wiki/German_cannabis_control_bill" title="German cannabis control bill">German cannabis control bill</a></li> <li>UK: <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_classification_in_the_United_Kingdom#Return_to_class_B" title="Cannabis classification in the United Kingdom">Return to class B</a></li> <li>Uruguay: <a href="/wiki/Cannabis_in_Uruguay" title="Cannabis in Uruguay">Law No. 19172</a></li> <li>US: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Legalization_of_non-medical_cannabis_in_the_United_States" title="Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the United States">Legalization of non-medical cannabis in the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Removal_of_cannabis_from_Schedule_I_of_the_Controlled_Substances_Act" title="Removal of cannabis from Schedule I of the Controlled Substances Act">Rescheduling per the Controlled Substances Act</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemp_Farming_Act_of_2018" title="Hemp Farming Act of 2018">Hemp Farming Act of 2018</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Politicians<br />and parties</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_political_parties" title="Cannabis political parties">Cannabis political parties</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_political_parties_of_the_United_States" title="Cannabis political parties of the United States">of the US</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_political_parties_of_Minnesota" title="Cannabis political parties of Minnesota">of Minnesota</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_Party_(Spain)" title="Cannabis Party (Spain)">of Spain</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_British_politicians_who_have_acknowledged_cannabis_use" title="List of British politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use">List of British politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_United_States_politicians_who_have_acknowledged_cannabis_use" title="List of United States politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use">List of American politicians who have acknowledged cannabis use</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Legal cases</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Ker_v._California" title="Ker v. California">Ker v. California</a></i> (1963)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Leary_v._United_States" title="Leary v. United States">Leary v. United States</a></i> (1969)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Kyllo_v._United_States" title="Kyllo v. United States">Kyllo v. United States</a></i> (2001)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Gonzales_v._Raich" title="Gonzales v. Raich">Gonzales v. Raich</a></i> (2005)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/ADPF_187" title="ADPF 187">ADPF 187</a></i> (2011)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Drug_liberalization" title="Drug liberalization">Drug liberalization</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Impact_of_the_COVID-19_pandemic_on_the_cannabis_industry" title="Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry">Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cannabis industry</a></li> <li>Substances <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor_antagonist" title="Cannabinoid receptor antagonist">Cannabinoid receptor antagonist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endocannabinoid_enhancer" title="Endocannabinoid enhancer">Endocannabinoid enhancer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Endocannabinoid_reuptake_inhibitor" title="Endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor">Endocannabinoid reuptake inhibitor</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="nowrap"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Cannabis_leaf.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="icon" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/15px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/22px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a8/Cannabis_leaf.svg/30px-Cannabis_leaf.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="546" /></a></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Portal:Cannabis" title="Portal:Cannabis"><i>Cannabis</i> portal</a></li> <li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cannabis" title="Category:Cannabis">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cannabis_strains" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannabis_strains" title="Template:Cannabis strains"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cannabis_strains" title="Template talk:Cannabis strains"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis_strains" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabis strains"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cannabis_strains" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_strain" title="Cannabis strain">Cannabis strains</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Acapulco_Gold" title="Acapulco Gold">Acapulco Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Afghanica" title="Afghanica">Afghanica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AK-47_(cannabis)" title="AK-47 (cannabis)">AK-47</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_indica" title="Cannabis indica">Cannabis indica</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_ruderalis" title="Cannabis ruderalis">Cannabis ruderalis</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Cannabis sativa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Charlotte%27s_Web_(cannabis)" title="Charlotte's Web (cannabis)">Charlotte's Web</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Feral_cannabis" title="Feral cannabis">Feral cannabis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Idukki_Gold" title="Idukki Gold">Idukki Gold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kush_(cannabis)" title="Kush (cannabis)">Kush</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orange_Bud" title="Orange Bud">Orange Bud</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Panama_red" title="Panama red">Panama red</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Platinum_OG" title="Platinum OG">Platinum OG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sour_Diesel" title="Sour Diesel">Sour Diesel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Super_Lemon_Haze" title="Super Lemon Haze">Super Lemon Haze</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tochigishiro" title="Tochigishiro">Tochigishiro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tom_Cruise_Purple" title="Tom Cruise Purple">Tom Cruise Purple</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/White_Widow_(Cannabis)" title="White Widow (Cannabis)">White Widow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/23px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/31px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="180" data-file-height="185" /></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Category:Cannabis_strains" title="Category:Cannabis strains">Category</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Ancient_anaesthesia" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Ancient_anaesthesia" title="Template:Ancient anaesthesia"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Ancient_anaesthesia" title="Template talk:Ancient anaesthesia"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient_anaesthesia" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Ancient anaesthesia"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Ancient_anaesthesia" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_general_anesthesia" title="History of general anesthesia">Ancient anaesthesia</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Plants / animals</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Aconitum" title="Aconitum">Aconitum</a></i> (aconite)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Atropa_belladonna" title="Atropa belladonna">Atropa belladonna</a></i> (belladonna)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Cannabis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis" title="Medical cannabis">medical use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Castoreum" title="Castoreum">Castoreum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coca" title="Coca">Coca</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Conium" title="Conium">Conium</a></i> (hemlock)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Datura_innoxia" title="Datura innoxia">Datura innoxia</a></i> (thorn-apple)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Datura_metel" title="Datura metel">Datura metel</a></i> (devil's trumpet)</li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Hyoscyamus_niger" title="Hyoscyamus niger">Hyoscyamus niger</a></i> (henbane)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lactucarium" title="Lactucarium">Lactucarium</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Mandragora_officinarum" title="Mandragora officinarum">Mandragora officinarum</a></i> (mandrake)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Opium" title="Opium">Opium</a></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Saussurea" title="Saussurea">Saussurea</a></i> (saw-wort)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Willow" title="Willow">Willow</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Preparations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Beer" title="Beer">Beer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wine" title="Wine">Wine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Compounds</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alcohol_(drug)" title="Alcohol (drug)">Ethanol</a> (<a href="/wiki/Alcohols_(medicine)" title="Alcohols (medicine)">medical use</a>)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aconitine" title="Aconitine">Aconitine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Atropine" title="Atropine">Atropine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cocaine" title="Cocaine">Cocaine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coniine" title="Coniine">Coniine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyoscine" class="mw-redirect" title="Hyoscine">Hyoscine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">Δ9-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hyoscyamine" title="Hyoscyamine">Hyoscyamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morphine" title="Morphine">Morphine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salicylic_acid" title="Salicylic acid">Salicylate</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Zahrawi" title="Al-Zahrawi">Abulcasis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibn_Zuhr" title="Ibn Zuhr">Avenzoar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Avicenna" title="Avicenna">Avicenna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aulus_Cornelius_Celsus" title="Aulus Cornelius Celsus">Celsus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pedanius_Dioscorides" title="Pedanius Dioscorides">Dioscorides</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Galen" title="Galen">Galen</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hippocrates" title="Hippocrates">Hippocrates</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakr_al-Razi" title="Abu Bakr al-Razi">Rhazes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sabuncuoglu_Sherefeddin" class="mw-redirect" title="Sabuncuoglu Sherefeddin">Sabuncuoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sushruta_Samhita" title="Sushruta Samhita">Sushrutha</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Theophrastus" title="Theophrastus">Theophrastus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zhang_Zhongjing" title="Zhang Zhongjing">Zhang</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Medicinal_herbs_and_fungi" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Medicinal_herbs_and_fungi" title="Template:Medicinal herbs and fungi"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Medicinal_herbs_and_fungi" title="Template talk:Medicinal herbs and fungi"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Medicinal_herbs_and_fungi" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Medicinal herbs and fungi"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Medicinal_herbs_and_fungi" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Medicinal herbs and fungi</div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Herbs</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alfalfa" title="Alfalfa">Alfalfa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aloe_vera" title="Aloe vera">Aloe vera</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anise" title="Anise">Anise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Borututu" title="Borututu">Borututu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Euphorbia_hirta" title="Euphorbia hirta">Asthma-plant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Astragalus_propinquus" class="mw-redirect" title="Astragalus propinquus">Astragalus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabis_(drug)" title="Cannabis (drug)">Cannabis</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Medical_cannabis" title="Medical cannabis">medical use</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caraway" title="Caraway">Caraway</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cardamom" title="Cardamom">Cardamom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chamomile" title="Chamomile">Chamomile</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Larrea_tridentata" title="Larrea tridentata">Chaparral</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fenugreek" title="Fenugreek">Fenugreek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tanacetum_parthenium" title="Tanacetum parthenium">Feverfew</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Flax" title="Flax">Flaxseed</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginger" title="Ginger">Ginger</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginkgo_biloba" title="Ginkgo biloba">Ginkgo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ginseng" title="Ginseng">Ginseng</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Goldenseal" title="Goldenseal">Goldenseal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lemon_balm" title="Lemon balm">Lemon balm</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liquorice" title="Liquorice">Liquorice</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Calendula_officinalis" title="Calendula officinalis">Marigold</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Althaea_officinalis" title="Althaea officinalis">Marsh-mallow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Azadirachta_indica" title="Azadirachta indica">Neem</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Papaver_somniferum" title="Papaver somniferum">Opium poppy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oregano" title="Oregano">Oregano</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peppermint" title="Peppermint">Peppermint</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echinacea_purpurea" title="Echinacea purpurea">Purple coneflower</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosemary" title="Rosemary">Rosemary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salvia_officinalis" title="Salvia officinalis">Sage</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Illicium_verum" title="Illicium verum">Star anise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Summer_savory" title="Summer savory">Summer savory</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tea_tree_oil" title="Tea tree oil">Tea tree oil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Thyme" title="Thyme">Thyme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turmeric" title="Turmeric">Turmeric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pelargonium_sidoides" title="Pelargonium sidoides">Umckaloabo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Valerian_(herb)" title="Valerian (herb)">Valerian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Verbena" title="Verbena">Verbena</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Salix_alba" title="Salix alba">White willow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Achillea_millefolium" title="Achillea millefolium">Yarrow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Za%27atar" title="Za'atar">Za'atar</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Fungi</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Agaricus_subrufescens" title="Agaricus subrufescens">Almond mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inonotus_obliquus" title="Inonotus obliquus">Chaga mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Echigoshirayukidake_(Basidiomycetes-X)" title="Echigoshirayukidake (Basidiomycetes-X)">Echigoshirayukidake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lingzhi_mushroom" class="mw-redirect" title="Lingzhi mushroom">Lingzhi mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grifola_frondosa" title="Grifola frondosa">Maitake</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Meshimakobu" title="Meshimakobu">Meshima</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Morchella_esculenta" title="Morchella esculenta">Morel mushroom</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Shiitake" title="Shiitake">Shiitake</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional practices</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_herbology" title="Chinese herbology">Chinese herbology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayurveda" title="Ayurveda">Indian herbology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicine_in_the_medieval_Islamic_world" title="Medicine in the medieval Islamic world">Islamic herbology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_kampo_herbs" title="List of kampo herbs">Japanese herbology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Traditional_Korean_medicine#Herbal_medicine" title="Traditional Korean medicine">Korean herbology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Related subjects</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Alternative_medicine" title="Alternative medicine">Alternative medicine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctrine_of_signatures" title="Doctrine of signatures">Doctrine of signatures</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Physic_garden" title="Physic garden">Herb garden</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbal" title="Herbal">Herbal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbal_tea" title="Herbal tea">Herbal tea</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herbalism" class="mw-redirect" title="Herbalism">Herbalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Homeopathy" title="Homeopathy">Homeopathy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medicinal_plants" title="Medicinal plants">Medicinal plants</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><a href="/wiki/List_of_plants_used_in_herbalism" title="List of plants used in herbalism">List of plants used in herbalism</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r886047488"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Cannabinoid_receptor_modulators" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannabinoid_receptor_modulators" title="Template:Cannabinoid receptor modulators"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Cannabinoid_receptor_modulators" title="Template talk:Cannabinoid receptor modulators"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabinoid_receptor_modulators" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Cannabinoid receptor modulators"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Cannabinoid_receptor_modulators" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor" title="Cannabinoid receptor">Cannabinoid receptor</a> <a href="/wiki/Receptor_modulator" title="Receptor modulator">modulators</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Receptor_(biochemistry)" title="Receptor (biochemistry)">Receptor</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Ligand_(biochemistry)" title="Ligand (biochemistry)">ligands</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor_type_1" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoid receptor type 1"><abbr title="Cannabinoid receptor type 1">CB<sub>1</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Cannabinoid receptor type 1</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists<br /><i>(abridged,<br /><a href="/wiki/Template:Cannabinoids" title="Template:Cannabinoids">full list</a>)</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Arachidonoylglycerol" title="2-Arachidonoylglycerol">2-AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Arachidonyl_glyceryl_ether" title="2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether">2-AGE (noladin ether)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/11-Hydroxy-THC" title="11-Hydroxy-THC">11-Hydroxy-THC</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amyrin" title="Amyrin">α-Amyrin · β-Amyrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AB-CHMINACA" title="AB-CHMINACA">AB-CHMINACA</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1172&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1172 (page does not exist)">AM-1172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1220" title="AM-1220">AM-1220</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1221" title="AM-1221">AM-1221</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1235" title="AM-1235">AM-1235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2201" title="AM-2201">AM-2201</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2232" title="AM-2232">AM-2232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamide" title="Anandamide">Anandamide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvanil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arvanil (page does not exist)">Arvanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZ-11713908" title="AZ-11713908">AZ-11713908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinol" title="Cannabinol">Cannabinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CB-13" title="CB-13">CB-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_47,497" title="CP 47,497">CP 47,497</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_55,940" title="CP 55,940">CP 55,940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dimethylheptylpyran" title="Dimethylheptylpyran">Dimethylheptylpyran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Docosatetraenoylethanolamide" title="Docosatetraenoylethanolamide">DEA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epicatechin_gallate" title="Epicatechin gallate">ECG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Epigallocatechin_gallate" title="Epigallocatechin gallate">EGCG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Catechin" title="Catechin">Epicatechin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gallocatechol" title="Gallocatechol">Gallocatechol (gallocatechin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honokiol" title="Honokiol">Honokiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-210" title="HU-210">HU-210</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-007" title="JWH-007">JWH-007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-015" title="JWH-015">JWH-015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-018" title="JWH-018">JWH-018</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-073" title="JWH-073">JWH-073</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kavain" title="Kavain">Kavain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-759,633" title="L-759,633">L-759,633</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Levonantradol" title="Levonantradol">Levonantradol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Menabitan" title="Menabitan">Menabitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabilone" title="Nabilone">Nabilone</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabitan" title="Nabitan">Nabitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Arachidonoyl_dopamine" title="N-Arachidonoyl dopamine">NADA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-1812" title="O-1812">O-1812</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleamide" title="Oleamide">Oleamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pravadoline" title="Pravadoline">Pravadoline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serinolamide_A" title="Serinolamide A">Serinolamide A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC (dronabinol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-144" title="UR-144">UR-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_55,212-2" title="WIN 55,212-2">WIN 55,212-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Yangonin" title="Yangonin">Yangonin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Inverse agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AM-251_(drug)" title="AM-251 (drug)">AM-251</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/INV-202" class="mw-redirect" title="INV-202">INV-202</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monlunabant" title="Monlunabant">Monlunabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rimonabant" title="Rimonabant">Rimonabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Surinabant" title="Surinabant">Surinabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Taranabant" title="Taranabant">Taranabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TM-38837" title="TM-38837">TM-38837</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zevaquenabant" title="Zevaquenabant">Zevaquenabant</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/AM-6545" title="AM-6545">AM-6545</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabigerol" title="Cannabigerol">Cannabigerol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Drinabant" title="Drinabant">Drinabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Falcarinol" title="Falcarinol">Falcarinol (carotatoxin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hemopressin" title="Hemopressin">Hemopressin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ibipinabant" title="Ibipinabant">Ibipinabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-320,135" title="LY-320,135">LY-320,135</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MK-9470" title="MK-9470">MK-9470</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/NESS-0327" title="NESS-0327">NESS-0327</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-2050" title="O-2050">O-2050</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Otenabant" title="Otenabant">Otenabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-514273" title="PF-514273">PF-514273</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PipISB" title="PipISB">PipISB</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rosonabant" title="Rosonabant">Rosonabant</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selonabant&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selonabant (page does not exist)">Selonabant</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabivarin" title="Tetrahydrocannabivarin">THCV</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VCHSR" title="VCHSR">VCHSR</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virodhamine" title="Virodhamine">Virodhamine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Cannabinoid_receptor_type_2" class="mw-redirect" title="Cannabinoid receptor type 2"><abbr title="Cannabinoid receptor type 2">CB<sub>2</sub></abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Cannabinoid receptor type 2</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Arachidonoylglycerol" title="2-Arachidonoylglycerol">2-AG</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2-Arachidonyl_glyceryl_ether" title="2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether">2-AGE (noladin ether)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/3,3%27-Diindolylmethane" title="3,3'-Diindolylmethane">3,3'-Diindolylmethane</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/4-O-Methylhonokiol" title="4-O-Methylhonokiol">4-O-Methylhonokiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Amyrin" title="Amyrin">α-Amyrin · β-Amyrin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-796,260" title="A-796,260">A-796,260</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-834,735" title="A-834,735">A-834,735</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/A-836,339" title="A-836,339">A-836,339</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1172&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1172 (page does not exist)">AM-1172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1221" title="AM-1221">AM-1221</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1235" title="AM-1235">AM-1235</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-1241" title="AM-1241">AM-1241</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-2232" title="AM-2232">AM-2232</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamide" title="Anandamide">Anandamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AZ-11713908" title="AZ-11713908">AZ-11713908</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabinol" title="Cannabinol">Cannabinol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Caryophyllene" title="Caryophyllene">Caryophyllene</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CB-13" title="CB-13">CB-13</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CBS-0550" title="CBS-0550">CBS-0550</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_55,940" title="CP 55,940">CP 55,940</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GW-405,833" title="GW-405,833">GW-405,833 (L-768,242)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/GW-842,166X" title="GW-842,166X">GW-842,166X</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/HU-308" class="mw-redirect" title="HU-308">HU-308</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTE_7-31" title="JTE 7-31">JTE 7-31</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-007" title="JWH-007">JWH-007</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-015" title="JWH-015">JWH-015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-018" title="JWH-018">JWH-018</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JWH-73&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JWH-73 (page does not exist)">JWH-73</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JWH-133" title="JWH-133">JWH-133</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-759,633" title="L-759,633">L-759,633</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/L-759,656" title="L-759,656">L-759,656</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lenabasum" title="Lenabasum">Lenabasum (anabasum)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Magnolol" title="Magnolol">Magnolol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/MDA-19" title="MDA-19">MDA-19</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabitan" title="Nabitan">Nabitan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Arachidonoyl_dopamine" title="N-Arachidonoyl dopamine">NADA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Olorinab" title="Olorinab">Olorinab (APD-371)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-03550096" title="PF-03550096">PF-03550096</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S-444,823" title="S-444,823">S-444,823</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SER-601" title="SER-601">SER-601</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serinolamide_A" title="Serinolamide A">Serinolamide A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UR-144" title="UR-144">UR-144</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tedalinab" title="Tedalinab">Tedalinab</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC (dronabinol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabivarin" title="Tetrahydrocannabivarin">THCV</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrahydromagnolol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrahydromagnolol (page does not exist)">Tetrahydromagnolol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Virodhamine" title="Virodhamine">Virodhamine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/4-O-Methylhonokiol" title="4-O-Methylhonokiol">4-O-Methylhonokiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-630" title="AM-630">AM-630</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BML-190" title="BML-190">BML-190</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Honokiol" title="Honokiol">Honokiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JTE-907" title="JTE-907">JTE-907</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/SR-144,528" title="SR-144,528">SR-144,528</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_54,461" title="WIN 54,461">WIN 54,461</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/WIN_56,098" title="WIN 56,098">WIN 56,098</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/NAGly_receptor" title="NAGly receptor"><abbr title="N-Arachidonyl glycine receptor">NAGly</abbr><br />(<abbr title="G protein-coupled receptor 18">GPR18</abbr>)</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abnormal_cannabidiol" title="Abnormal cannabidiol">Abnormal cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonylcyclopropylamide" title="Arachidonylcyclopropylamide">ACPA</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-251_(drug)" title="AM-251 (drug)">AM251</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamide" title="Anandamide">Anandamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Arachidonylglycine" title="N-Arachidonylglycine">NADGly</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC (dronabinol)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-1602" title="O-1602">O-1602</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/PSB-CB5" title="PSB-CB5">PSB-CB5</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-1918" title="O-1918">O-1918</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><abbr title="G protein-coupled receptor 55"><a href="/wiki/GPR55" title="GPR55">GPR55</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Arachidonyl_glyceryl_ether" title="2-Arachidonyl glyceryl ether">2-AGE (noladin ether)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Arachidonoyl_lysophosphatidylinositol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Arachidonoyl lysophosphatidylinositol (page does not exist)">2-ALPI</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abnormal_cannabidiol" title="Abnormal cannabidiol">Abnormal cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM-251_(drug)" title="AM-251 (drug)">AM-251</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CID1011163&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CID1011163 (page does not exist)">CID1011163</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CID1252842&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CID1252842 (page does not exist)">CID1252842</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=CID1792579&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="CID1792579 (page does not exist)">CID1792579</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CP_55,940" title="CP 55,940">CP 55,940</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=GSK-494581A&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GSK-494581A (page does not exist)">GSK-494581A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lysophosphatidylinositol" title="Lysophosphatidylinositol">Lysophosphatidylinositol</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML-184&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML-184 (page does not exist)">ML-184</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML-185&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML-185 (page does not exist)">ML-185</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML-186&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML-186 (page does not exist)">ML-186</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-1602" title="O-1602">O-1602</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleoylethanolamide" title="Oleoylethanolamide">Oleoylethanolamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palmitoylethanolamide" title="Palmitoylethanolamide">Palmitoylethanolamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tetrahydrocannabinol" title="Tetrahydrocannabinol">THC (dronabinol)</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Antagonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/CID-16020046" class="mw-redirect" title="CID-16020046">CID-16020046</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML-191&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML-191 (page does not exist)">ML-191</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML-192&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML-192 (page does not exist)">ML-192</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML-193&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML-193 (page does not exist)">ML-193</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/O-1918" title="O-1918">O-1918</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSB-SB-487" title="PSB-SB-487">PSB-SB-487</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSB-SB-1202" title="PSB-SB-1202">PSB-SB-1202</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PSB-SB-1203&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PSB-SB-1203 (page does not exist)">PSB-SB-1203</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Tetrahydromagnolol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Tetrahydromagnolol (page does not exist)">Tetrahydromagnolol</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><abbr title="G protein-coupled receptor 119"><a href="/wiki/GPR119" title="GPR119">GPR119</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Agonists" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Agonists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2-Oleoylglycerol" title="2-Oleoylglycerol">2-Oleoylglycerol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anandamide" title="Anandamide">Anandamide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=APD668&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="APD668 (page does not exist)">APD668</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AR-231,453" title="AR-231,453">AR-231,453</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AS-1269574&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AS-1269574 (page does not exist)">AS-1269574</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MBX-2982&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MBX-2982 (page does not exist)">MBX-2982</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Oleoyldopamine&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Oleoyldopamine (page does not exist)">N-Oleoyldopamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleoylethanolamide" title="Oleoylethanolamide">Oleoylethanolamide</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Olvanil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Olvanil (page does not exist)">Olvanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSN-375,963" title="PSN-375,963">PSN-375,963</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PSN-632,408" title="PSN-632,408">PSN-632,408</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Endocannabinoid_transporter" title="Endocannabinoid transporter">Transporter</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Reuptake_modulator" title="Reuptake modulator">modulators</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="eCBTsTooltip_Endocannabinoid_transporter" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Endocannabinoid_transporter" title="Endocannabinoid transporter"><abbr title="Endocannabinoid transporter">eCBTs</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Endocannabinoid transporter</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=5%27-DMH-CBD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="5'-DMH-CBD (page does not exist)">5'-DMH-CBD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM404" title="AM404">AM-404</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=AM-1172&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="AM-1172 (page does not exist)">AM-1172</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonoyl_serotonin" title="Arachidonoyl serotonin">Arachidonoyl serotonin</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Arvanil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Arvanil (page does not exist)">Arvanil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cannabidiol" title="Cannabidiol">Cannabidiol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Guineesine" title="Guineesine">Guineensine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-2183240" title="LY-2183240">LY-2183240</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=O-2093&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="O-2093 (page does not exist)">O-2093</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=OMDM-2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="OMDM-2 (page does not exist)">OMDM-2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracetamol" title="Paracetamol">Paracetamol (acetaminophen)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SB-FI-26&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SB-FI-26 (page does not exist)">SB-FI-26</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UCM-707&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UCM-707 (page does not exist)">UCM-707</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URB597" class="mw-redirect" title="URB597">URB-597</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/VDM-11" title="VDM-11">VDM-11</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOBE490&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOBE490 (page does not exist)">WOBE490</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOBE491&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOBE491 (page does not exist)">WOBE491</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WOBE492&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WOBE492 (page does not exist)">WOBE492</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Enzyme" title="Enzyme">Enzyme</a><br /><span class="nobold">(<a href="/wiki/Enzyme_modulator" title="Enzyme modulator">modulators</a>)</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Fatty_acid_amide_hydrolase" class="mw-redirect" title="Fatty acid amide hydrolase"><abbr title="Fatty acid amide hydrolase">FAAH</abbr></a><span class="sr-only" style="border: 0; clip: rect(0, 0, 0, 0); clip-path: polygon(0px 0px, 0px 0px, 0px 0px); height: 1px; margin: -1px; overflow: hidden; padding: 0; position: absolute; width: 1px; white-space: nowrap;">Tooltip Fatty acid amide hydrolase</span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/wiki/4-Nonylphenylboronic_acid" title="4-Nonylphenylboronic acid">4-Nonylphenylboronic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonyl_trifluoromethyl_ketone" title="Arachidonyl trifluoromethyl ketone">AACOCF<sub>3</sub></a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/AM404" title="AM404">AM-404</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arachidonoyl_serotonin" title="Arachidonoyl serotonin">Arachidonoyl serotonin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BIA_10-2474" title="BIA 10-2474">BIA 10-2474</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Biochanin_A" title="Biochanin A">Biochanin A</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Genistein" title="Genistein">Genistein</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDFP" title="IDFP">IDFP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JNJ-1661010&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JNJ-1661010 (page does not exist)">JNJ-1661010</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JNJ-42165279" title="JNJ-42165279">JNJ-42165279</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JZL195" title="JZL195">JZL-195</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kaempferol" title="Kaempferol">Kaempferol</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LY-2183240" title="LY-2183240">LY-2183240</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxy_arachidonyl_fluorophosphonate" title="Methoxy arachidonyl fluorophosphonate">MAFP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Palmitoylisopropylamide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Palmitoylisopropylamide (page does not exist)">Palmitoylisopropylamide</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Paracetamol" title="Paracetamol">Paracetamol (acetaminophen)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PF-3845" title="PF-3845">PF-3845</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PF-750&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PF-750 (page does not exist)">PF-750</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Redafamdastat" title="Redafamdastat">Redafamdastat (JZP-150, PF-04457845)</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA-47&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SA-47 (page does not exist)">SA-47</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=SA-57&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="SA-57 (page does not exist)">SA-57</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TAK_21d&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TAK 21d (page does not exist)">TAK 21d</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=TC-F_2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="TC-F 2 (page does not exist)">TC-F 2</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UCM710&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UCM710 (page does not exist)">UCM710</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URB597" class="mw-redirect" title="URB597">URB-597</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Activators:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=PDP-EA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PDP-EA (page does not exist)">PDP-EA</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Monoacylglycerol_lipase" title="Monoacylglycerol lipase">MAGL</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=ABX-1431&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ABX-1431 (page does not exist)">ABX-1431</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/IDFP" title="IDFP">IDFP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JJKK_048&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JJKK 048 (page does not exist)">JJKK 048</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JW_642&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JW 642 (page does not exist)">JW 642</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JZL184" title="JZL184">JZL-184</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/JZL195" title="JZL195">JZL-195</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JZP-361&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JZP-361 (page does not exist)">JZP-361</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KML_29&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KML 29 (page does not exist)">KML 29</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxy_arachidonyl_fluorophosphonate" title="Methoxy arachidonyl fluorophosphonate">MAFP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=MJN110&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="MJN110 (page does not exist)">MJN110</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=N-Arachidonoylmaleimide&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="N-Arachidonoylmaleimide (page does not exist)">NAM</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pristimerin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pristimerin (page does not exist)">Pristimerin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/URB602" title="URB602">URB-602</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><abbr title="alpha/beta-Hydrolase domain containing 6"><a href="/wiki/ABHD6" title="ABHD6">ABHD6</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=JZP-169&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JZP-169 (page does not exist)">JZP-169</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=JZP-430&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="JZP-430 (page does not exist)">JZP-430</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KT182&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KT182 (page does not exist)">KT182</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KT185&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KT185 (page does not exist)">KT185</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KT195&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KT195 (page does not exist)">KT195</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=KT203&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="KT203 (page does not exist)">KT203</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=LEI-106&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="LEI-106 (page does not exist)">LEI-106</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML294&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML294 (page does not exist)">ML294</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML295&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML295 (page does not exist)">ML295</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ML296&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ML296 (page does not exist)">ML296</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=UCM710&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="UCM710 (page does not exist)">UCM710</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=WWL-70&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="WWL-70 (page does not exist)">WWL-70</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:4em;;text-align:center;"><abbr title="alpha/beta-Hydrolase domain containing 12"><a href="/wiki/ABHD12" title="ABHD12">ABHD12</a></abbr></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Inhibitors:</b> <a href="/wiki/Betulinic_acid" title="Betulinic acid">Betulinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maslinic_acid" title="Maslinic acid">Maslinic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Methoxy_arachidonyl_fluorophosphonate" title="Methoxy arachidonyl fluorophosphonate">MAFP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Oleanolic_acid" title="Oleanolic acid">Oleanolic acid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orlistat" title="Orlistat">Orlistat (tetrahydrolipstatin)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ursolic_acid" title="Ursolic acid">Ursolic acid</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><b>Precursors:</b> <a href="/wiki/Phosphatidylethanolamine" title="Phosphatidylethanolamine">Phosphatidylethanolamine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine" title="N-Acylphosphatidylethanolamine">NAPE</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Diglyceride" title="Diglyceride">Diacylglycerol</a></li></ul> <ul><li><b>Others:</b> <a href="/w/index.php?title=2-Palmitoylglycerol&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2-Palmitoylglycerol (page does not exist)">2-PG</a> <i>(directly potentiates activity of 2-AG at CB<sub>1</sub> receptor)</i></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=ARN-272&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="ARN-272 (page does not exist)">ARN-272</a> <i>(FAAH-like anandamide transporter inhibitor)</i></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <dl><dt>See also</dt> <dd><i> <a href="/wiki/Template:Receptor_modulators" title="Template:Receptor modulators">Receptor/signaling modulators</a></i></dd> <dd><i> <a href="/wiki/Template:Cannabinoids" title="Template:Cannabinoids">Cannabinoids</a> (cannabinoids by structure)</i></dd></dl> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Taxon_identifiers" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="Taxon_identifiers" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Help:Taxon_identifiers" title="Help:Taxon identifiers">Taxon identifiers</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: left;"><i>Cannabis sativa</i></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikidata" title="Wikidata">Wikidata</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26726" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q26726">Q26726</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Wikispecies" title="Wikispecies">Wikispecies</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="external"><a href="https://species.wikimedia.org/wiki/Cannabis_sativa" class="extiw" title="wikispecies:Cannabis sativa">Cannabis sativa</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">AoFP: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florida.plantatlas.usf.edu/Plant.aspx?id=1838">1838</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APA: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://floraofalabama.org/Plant.aspx?id=1355">1355</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">APDB: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://africanplantdatabase.ch/en/nomen/133318">133318</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Australian_Plant_Name_Index" title="Australian Plant Name Index">APNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.biodiversity.org.au/name/apni/106887">106887</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">BioLib: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.biolib.cz/en/taxon/id3466">3466</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Barcode_of_Life_Data_System" title="Barcode of Life Data System">BOLD</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.boldsystems.org/index.php/TaxBrowser_TaxonPage?taxid=163503">163503</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">Calflora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.calflora.org/cgi-bin/species_query.cgi?where-calrecnum=1471">1471</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Catalogue_of_Life" title="Catalogue of Life">CoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.catalogueoflife.org/data/taxon/QM84">QM84</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/State_Herbarium_of_South_Australia" title="State Herbarium of South Australia">eFloraSA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.flora.sa.gov.au/cgi-bin/speciesfacts_display.cgi?form=speciesfacts&name=Cannabis_sativa">Cannabis_sativa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclopedia_of_Life" title="Encyclopedia of Life">EoL</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eol.org/pages/594919">594919</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/EPPO_Code" title="EPPO Code">EPPO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://gd.eppo.int/taxon/CNISA">CNISA</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/European_Nature_Information_System" class="mw-redirect" title="European Nature Information System">EUNIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://eunis.eea.europa.eu/species/164695">164695</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/FloraBase" title="FloraBase">FloraBase</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://florabase.dpaw.wa.gov.au/browse/profile/18134">18134</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_North_America" title="Flora of North America">FNA</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=200006342">200006342</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_Australia" title="Flora of Australia">FoAO2</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Cannabis%20sativa">Cannabis sativa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Flora_of_China_(series)" title="Flora of China (series)">FoC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=2&taxon_id=200006342">200006342</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Global_Biodiversity_Information_Facility" title="Global Biodiversity Information Facility">GBIF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.gbif.org/species/5361880">5361880</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Germplasm_Resources_Information_Network" title="Germplasm Resources Information Network">GRIN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://npgsweb.ars-grin.gov/gringlobal/taxonomydetail.aspx?id=8862">8862</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/INaturalist" title="INaturalist">iNaturalist</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://inaturalist.org/taxa/75997">75997</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">IPA: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.invasiveplantatlas.org/subject.html?sub=5259">5259</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Plant_Names_Index" title="International Plant Names Index">IPNI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ipni.org/n/306087-2">306087-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Interim_Register_of_Marine_and_Nonmarine_Genera" title="Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera">IRMNG</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.irmng.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=10587353">10587353</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Invasive_Species_Compendium" title="Invasive Species Compendium">ISC</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cabi.org/isc/datasheet/14497">14497</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Integrated_Taxonomic_Information_System" title="Integrated Taxonomic Information System">ITIS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.itis.gov/servlet/SingleRpt/SingleRpt?search_topic=TSN&search_value=19109">19109</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">MichiganFlora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://michiganflora.net/species.aspx?id=711">711</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NatureServe" title="NatureServe">NatureServe</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://explorer.natureserve.org/Taxon/ELEMENT_GLOBAL.2.131607/">2.131607</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Biodiversity_Network" title="National Biodiversity Network">NBN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.nbn.org.uk/Taxa/NBNSYS0000004692">NBNSYS0000004692</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/National_Center_for_Biotechnology_Information" title="National Center for Biotechnology Information">NCBI</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Taxonomy/Browser/wwwtax.cgi?mode=Info&id=3483">3483</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/NSWFlora" class="mw-redirect" title="NSWFlora">NSWFlora</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plantnet.rbgsyd.nsw.gov.au/cgi-bin/NSWfl.pl?page=nswfl&lvl=sp&name=Cannabis~sativa">Cannabis~sativa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">NZOR: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nzor.org.nz/names/cb9a7c7a-19e5-4340-820c-6de34649d8c3">cb9a7c7a-19e5-4340-820c-6de34649d8c3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/New_Zealand_Plant_Conservation_Network" title="New Zealand Plant Conservation Network">NZPCN</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/http://nzpcn.org.nz/flora_details.aspx?ID=3592">3592</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Observation.org" title="Observation.org">Observation.org</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://observation.org/species/6520/">6520</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Tree_of_Life" title="Open Tree of Life">Open Tree of Life</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tree.opentreeoflife.org/taxonomy/browse?id=84004">84004</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PalDat: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.paldat.org/pub/Cannabis_sativa">Cannabis_sativa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_for_a_Future" title="Plants for a Future">PfaF</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pfaf.org/user/Plant.aspx?LatinName=Cannabis+sativa">Cannabis sativa</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">PFI: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dryades.units.it/floritaly/index.php?procedure=taxon_page&tipo=all&id=296">296</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/The_Plant_List" title="The Plant List">Plant List</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.theplantlist.org/tpl1.1/record/kew-2696480">kew-2696480</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Natural_Resources_Conservation_Service#Plants" title="Natural Resources Conservation Service">PLANTS</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://plants.sc.egov.usda.gov/plant-profile/CASA3">CASA3</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Plants_of_the_World_Online" title="Plants of the World Online">POWO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://powo.science.kew.org/taxon/urn%3Alsid%3Aipni.org%3Anames%3A306087-2">urn:lsid:ipni.org:names:306087-2</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Tropicos" title="Tropicos">Tropicos</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://legacy.tropicos.org/Name/21302042">21302042</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">VASCAN: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.canadensys.net/vascan/taxon/4191">4191</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;">WisFlora: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wisflora.herbarium.wisc.edu/taxa/index.php?taxon=2864">2864</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/World_Flora_Online" title="World Flora Online">WFO</a>: <span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://list.worldfloraonline.org/wfo-0000584001">wfo-0000584001</a></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1038841319">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:Authority_control" title="Help:Authority control">Authority control databases</a>: National <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26726#identifiers" title="Edit 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