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id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Austrian writer</div> <p> <b>Fritz Spiegl</b> (27 January 1926 – 23 March 2003) was an Austrian-born English musician, journalist, broadcaster, humorist and <a href="/wiki/Collecting" title="Collecting">collector</a> who lived in Britain from 1939. His works include compiling the <a href="/wiki/Radio_4_UK_Theme" title="Radio 4 UK Theme">Radio 4 UK Theme</a> in 1978. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Early_life">Early life</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Spiegl&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Early life"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Spiegl was born near the Hungarian border in the village of <a href="/wiki/Zurndorf" title="Zurndorf">Zurndorf</a>, <a href="/wiki/Burgenland" title="Burgenland">Burgenland</a>, <a href="/wiki/Austria" title="Austria">Austria</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> where his father was a businessman manufacturing among other things <a href="/wiki/Carbonated_water" title="Carbonated water">carbonated water</a>. Spiegl attended the <i><a href="/wiki/Gymnasium_(school)" title="Gymnasium (school)">Gymnasium</a></i> in <a href="/wiki/Eisenstadt" title="Eisenstadt">Eisenstadt</a> but, as the family were <a href="/wiki/Jew" class="mw-redirect" title="Jew">Jewish</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-Telegraph_1-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Telegraph-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> they were persecuted by the <a href="/wiki/Nazism" title="Nazism">Nazis</a> in the wake of the <i><a href="/wiki/Anschluss" title="Anschluss">Anschluss</a></i> of 1938. All their property having been confiscated, Fritz's parents succeeded in leaving the country in 1939, eventually escaping to <a href="/wiki/Bolivia" title="Bolivia">Bolivia</a> while sending Fritz and his older sister Hanny (born 1923) to <a href="/wiki/Northamptonshire" title="Northamptonshire">Northamptonshire</a>, England. </p><p>On arrival in Britain, Spiegl was sent to <a href="/wiki/Magdalen_College_School,_Brackley" title="Magdalen College School, Brackley">Magdalen College School, Brackley</a>, where he learned little beyond "<a href="/wiki/Rugby_union" title="Rugby union">rugger</a>, plane-spotting and a bit of Latin". Eventually he went to London to work for an advertising agency. But he soon switched to music, taught himself to play the <a href="/wiki/Flute" title="Flute">flute</a>, enrolled at the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Academy_of_Music" title="Royal Academy of Music">Royal Academy of Music</a> and, within a short time, became principal <a href="/wiki/Flautist" class="mw-redirect" title="Flautist">flautist</a> with the <a href="/wiki/Royal_Liverpool_Philharmonic_Orchestra" class="mw-redirect" title="Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra">Royal Liverpool Philharmonic Orchestra</a>, a position he kept for more than a decade. Ear damage appears to have played a part in his exit from professional playing, as in later years he would occasionally refer to having been "invalided out by the brass section". </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Career">Career</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Spiegl&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Career"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A resident of <a href="/wiki/Liverpool" title="Liverpool">Liverpool</a>, he organised annual <i>Nuts in May</i> concerts, featuring the <a href="/wiki/Loophonium" title="Loophonium">Loophonium</a>, a "Liszt Twist" and other <a href="/wiki/Parody" title="Parody">parody</a> items. This approach helped draw new young audiences into concert halls. Less attracted to pop music, Spiegl once called the <a href="/wiki/The_Beatles" title="The Beatles">Beatles phenomenon</a> "the greatest <a href="/wiki/Confidence_trick" class="mw-redirect" title="Confidence trick">confidence trick</a> since the <a href="/wiki/Virgin_birth_of_Jesus" title="Virgin birth of Jesus">Virgin Birth</a>". His name was often misspelt, including <i>Spiegel</i>, <i>Spiegle</i>, <i>Speigl</i>, <i>Speigel</i> or <i>Speigle</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-spell_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He was a supporter of <a href="/wiki/Liverpool_Football_Club" class="mw-redirect" title="Liverpool Football Club">Liverpool Football Club</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A <a href="/wiki/Native_speaker" class="mw-redirect" title="Native speaker">native speaker</a> of German, Fritz Spiegl did not speak a word of English when he moved to Britain as a 13-year-old—a fact which has often been regarded as the trigger for his preoccupation with language phenomena such as, say, <a href="/wiki/Malapropism" title="Malapropism">malapropisms</a> and for the biting yet humorous linguistic purism of his later years. As one commentator remarked, Spiegl </p> <blockquote><p><i>...soon knew a great deal more about the language than most English people do. And cared more too. One can understand this. It's galling, when you've taken the trouble to learn that "an alibi" is not the same as "an excuse", to find that the natives themselves seem to have forgotten the difference.</i><sup id="cite_ref-spell_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-spell-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>Fritz Spiegl died suddenly aged 77 during a Sunday lunch in Liverpool with his wife, Ingrid Frances Spiegl, and some friends. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Works">Works</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Spiegl&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Works"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Compositions">Compositions</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Spiegl&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Compositions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>As a composer, Spiegl scored a popular success with the original <a href="/wiki/Theme_from_Z-Cars" title="Theme from Z-Cars">theme from the TV series <i>Z-Cars</i></a>, based on "Johnny Todd",<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a Liverpool <a href="/wiki/Sea_shanty" title="Sea shanty">sea shanty</a>. He also composed the original theme for the <i>Z Cars</i> spin-off series <i><a href="/wiki/Softly,_Softly_(TV_series)" title="Softly, Softly (TV series)">Softly, Softly</a></i>; the song was also released as a single on <a href="/wiki/Andrew_Loog_Oldham" title="Andrew Loog Oldham">Andrew Loog Oldham</a>'s <a href="/wiki/Immediate_Records" title="Immediate Records">Immediate</a> record label in 1966. Another signature tune was 'Conversation Piece' for <i><a href="/wiki/In_the_Psychiatrist%27s_Chair" class="mw-redirect" title="In the Psychiatrist's Chair">In the Psychiatrist's Chair</a></i>, which was based on music from Mozart's <i><a href="/wiki/Les_petits_riens" title="Les petits riens">Les Petits Riens</a></i> transcribed for wind instruments.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>His <i><a href="/wiki/BBC_Radio_4" title="BBC Radio 4">BBC Radio 4</a> <a href="/wiki/Radio_4_UK_Theme" title="Radio 4 UK Theme">UK Theme</a></i>, in which national songs from each of the four constituent countries of the United Kingdom are combined, was heard on Radio 4 at the beginning of each morning's broadcasting from November 1978 until April 2006. His <i>Eine kleine Beatlemusic</i> was performed in London and later recorded,<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as was <i>Valkyrie And The Rhine Maidens - On The Bayreuth Beat</i>.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Selected_books">Selected books</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Spiegl&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Selected books"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>The Black On White Misprint Show (More Clangers & Other Disasters In Cold Print)</i> (1966)</li> <li><i>How to Talk Proper in Liverpool (Lern Yerself Scouse S.)</i> (1966)</li> <li><i>What the Papers Didn't Mean to Say</i> (1966)</li> <li><i>A Small Book of Grave Humour</i> (1971) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0330028714" title="Special:BookSources/978-0330028714">978-0330028714</a></li> <li><i>Dead Funny: Another Book of Grave Humour</i> (1982) <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0330268288" title="Special:BookSources/978-0330268288">978-0330268288</a></li> <li><i>Keep Taking the Tabloids. What the Papers Say and How They Say It</i> (1983)</li> <li><i>Music Through the Looking-Glass</i> subtitled 'A very personal kind of Dictionary of Musicians' Jargon, Shop-Talk and Nicknames; and a Mine of Information about Musical Curiosities, Strange Instruments, Word Origins, Odd Facts, Orchestral Players' Lore and Wicked Stories about the Music Profession' (1984) Routledge & Kegan Paul. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7102-0401-9" title="Special:BookSources/0-7102-0401-9">0-7102-0401-9</a></li> <li><i>The Joy of Words. A Bedside Book for English Lovers</i> (1986)</li> <li><i>Fritz Spiegl's Book of Musical Blunders and other Musical Curiosities</i> (1996) Robson Books Ltd. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/1-86105-075-5" title="Special:BookSources/1-86105-075-5">1-86105-075-5</a></li> <li><i>The Lives, Wives and Loves of the Great Composers</i> (1997) Marion Boyars Publishers Ltd. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-7145-2917-6" title="Special:BookSources/0-7145-2917-6">0-7145-2917-6</a></li> <li><i>An Illustrated Everyday History of Liverpool and Merseyside</i> (1998)</li> <li><i>MuSick Notes: A Medical Songbook</i> (2001)</li> <li><i>Contradictionary: Of Confusibles, Lookalikes and Soundalikes</i> (published posthumously in 2003)</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fritz_Spiegl&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-Telegraph-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_1-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Telegraph_1-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/1425526/Fritz-Spiegl.html">"Fritz Spiegl"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i>. 25 March 2003<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=Fritz+Spiegl&rft.date=2003-03-25&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fnews%2Fobituaries%2F1425526%2FFritz-Spiegl.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+Spiegl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-spell-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-spell_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-spell_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBagnall2003" class="citation news cs1">Bagnall, Nicholas (2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.telegraph.co.uk/culture/books/3602713/How-are-you-spelling-that.html">"How are you spelling that?"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Daily_Telegraph" title="The Daily Telegraph">The Daily Telegraph</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">16 December</span> 2013</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Daily+Telegraph&rft.atitle=How+are+you+spelling+that%3F&rft.date=2003&rft.aulast=Bagnall&rft.aufirst=Nicholas&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.telegraph.co.uk%2Fculture%2Fbooks%2F3602713%2FHow-are-you-spelling-that.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+Spiegl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.independent.co.uk/news/obituaries/fritz-spiegl-36389.html">Obituary, <i>The Independent</i>, 14 January 2014</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDennis_Barker2003" class="citation news cs1">Dennis Barker (25 March 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.theguardian.com/media/2003/mar/25/broadcasting.artsobituaries">"Fritz Spiegl: Witty musical polymath and broadcaster"</a>. <i><a href="/wiki/The_Guardian" title="The Guardian">The Guardian</a></i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">22 April</span> 2012</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft.atitle=Fritz+Spiegl%3A+Witty+musical+polymath+and+broadcaster&rft.date=2003-03-25&rft.au=Dennis+Barker&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Fmedia%2F2003%2Fmar%2F25%2Fbroadcasting.artsobituaries&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+Spiegl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><i><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ImLTIpqBLDk">In the Psychiatrist's Chair</a></i>, YouTube</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ZkUdsAVriLQ">"Eine kleine Beatlemusic ~ The Barock and Roll Ensemble"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/ZkUdsAVriLQ">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Eine+kleine+Beatlemusic+~+The+Barock+and+Roll+Ensemble&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DZkUdsAVriLQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+Spiegl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VHz4EurgeBQ">"Valkyrie And The Rhine Maidens - On The Bayreuth Beat"</a>. <a href="/wiki/YouTube" title="YouTube">YouTube</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ghostarchive.org/varchive/youtube/20211221/VHz4EurgeBQ">Archived</a> from the original on 21 December 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">30 July</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Valkyrie+And+The+Rhine+Maidens+-+On+The+Bayreuth+Beat&rft.pub=YouTube&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.youtube.com%2Fwatch%3Fv%3DVHz4EurgeBQ&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AFritz+Spiegl" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol 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href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000083511295">ISNI</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/2895629">VIAF</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.oclc.org/worldcat/entity/E39PBJwX4K7yCYWJrvhxWXymVC">WorldCat</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">National</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1118657233">Germany</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n85006133">United States</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb14777240v">France</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" 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href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007280038105171">Israel</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Artists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/artist/f18604c8-3db4-43d5-80a4-c0fc4e630d81">MusicBrainz</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.lexm.uni-hamburg.de/object/lexm_lexmperson_00005376">LexM</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">People</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.deutsche-digitale-bibliothek.de/person/gnd/1118657233">DDB</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/155375377">IdRef</a></span></li><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://snaccooperative.org/ark:/99166/w62v4v38">SNAC</a></span></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" 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