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class="vector-toc-link" href="#Mikhail_Zemtsov"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Mikhail Zemtsov</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Mikhail_Zemtsov-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Francesco_Bartolomeo_Rastrelli" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Francesco_Bartolomeo_Rastrelli"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Francesco_Bartolomeo_Rastrelli-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Georg_Johann_Mattarnovi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Georg_Johann_Mattarnovi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.5</span> <span>Georg Johann Mattarnovi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Georg_Johann_Mattarnovi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" 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</div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Petrine Baroque</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. 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mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%A0%CE%B5%CF%84%CF%81%CE%BF%CE%B2%CE%B9%CE%B1%CE%BD%CF%8C_%CE%9C%CF%80%CE%B1%CF%81%CF%8C%CE%BA" title="Πετροβιανό Μπαρόκ – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Πετροβιανό Μπαρόκ" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barroco_petrino" title="Barroco petrino – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Barroco petrino" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Style_baroque_p%C3%A9trovien" title="Style baroque pétrovien – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Style baroque pétrovien" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barocco_petrino" title="Barocco petrino – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Barocco petrino" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Петробарок – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Петробарок" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%94%E3%83%A7%E3%83%BC%E3%83%88%E3%83%AB%E3%83%BB%E3%83%90%E3%83%AD%E3%83%83%E3%82%AF" title="ピョートル・バロック – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ピョートル・バロック" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barroco_petrino" title="Barroco petrino – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Barroco petrino" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barocul_petrin" title="Barocul petrin – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Barocul petrin" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA%D0%BA%D0%BE" title="Петровское барокко – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Петровское барокко" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Petrovski_barok" title="Petrovski barok – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Petrovski barok" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%B2%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B1%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%BE%D0%BA" title="Петровски барок – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Петровски барок" 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data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="3888" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Saints_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral,_Saint_Petersburg" title="Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg">Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral</a> by architect Dominico Trezzini exists as it was originally designed. It is regarded as the most notable example of the Petrine Baroque style of architecture.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></figcaption></figure> <p><b>Petrine Baroque</b> (Russian: Петровское барокко) is a style of 17th and 18th century <a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque architecture</a> and decoration favoured by <a href="/wiki/Peter_the_Great" title="Peter the Great">Peter the Great</a> and employed to design buildings in the newly founded <a href="/wiki/Russia" title="Russia">Russian</a> capital, <a href="/wiki/Saint_Petersburg" title="Saint Petersburg">Saint Petersburg</a>, under this monarch and his immediate successors. <sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Different from contemporary <a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_Baroque" title="Naryshkin Baroque">Naryshkin Baroque</a>, favoured in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a>, the Petrine Baroque represented a dramatic departure from <a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Empire" title="Byzantine Empire">Byzantine</a> traditions that had dominated <a href="/wiki/Russian_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian architecture">Russian architecture</a> for almost a millennium. Its chief practitioners - <a href="/wiki/Domenico_Trezzini" title="Domenico Trezzini">Domenico Trezzini</a>, <a href="/wiki/Andreas_Schl%C3%BCter" title="Andreas Schlüter">Andreas Schlüter</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Zemtsov" title="Mikhail Zemtsov">Mikhail Zemtsov</a> - drew inspiration from a rather modest <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_the_Netherlands" title="Architecture of the Netherlands">Dutch</a>, <a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Denmark" title="Architecture of Denmark">Danish</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Swedish_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Swedish architecture">Swedish architecture</a> of the time. <sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_examples">Notable examples</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Notable examples"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg/220px-Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg/330px-Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/67/Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg/440px-Kikin_palace_SPB.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="2385" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kikin_Hall" title="Kikin Hall">Kikin Hall</a> (1714), an example of private residence dating from Peter I's reign.</figcaption></figure> <p>Extant examples of the style in St Petersburg are the <a href="/wiki/Saints_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral,_Saint_Petersburg" title="Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg">Peter and Paul Cathedral</a> (Trezzini), the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Colleges" class="mw-redirect" title="Twelve Colleges">Twelve Colleges</a> (Trezzini), the <a href="/wiki/Kunstkamera" title="Kunstkamera">Kunstkamera</a> (<a href="/wiki/Georg_Johann_Mattarnovi" title="Georg Johann Mattarnovi">Georg Johann Mattarnovi</a>), <a href="/wiki/Kikin_Hall" title="Kikin Hall">Kikin Hall</a> (Schlüter) and <a href="/wiki/Menshikov_Palace" class="mw-redirect" title="Menshikov Palace">Menshikov Palace</a> (Giovanni Fontana). <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p><p>The Petrine Baroque structures outside St. Petersburg are scarce; they include the <a href="/wiki/Menshikov_Tower" title="Menshikov Tower">Menshikov Tower</a> in <a href="/wiki/Moscow" title="Moscow">Moscow</a> and <a href="/wiki/Kadriorg_Palace" title="Kadriorg Palace">Kadriorg Palace</a> in <a href="/wiki/Tallinn" title="Tallinn">Tallinn</a> <sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2019)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Architectural_influences_on_Peter_the_Great">Architectural influences on Peter the Great</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Architectural influences on Peter the Great"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Peter the Great, also known as Peter I, served as the tsar of Russia from 1682–1725. He was the first Russian monarch to travel outside of Russia and this travel exposed him to the architecture of many other countries. His own library contained architectural books from the Netherlands, France, Germany and Italy. The buildings of these countries influenced Peter's taste in architecture as he set forward to build the new Russian capital of St. Petersburg. Peter had a very specific idea of what he wanted this new city to look like in terms of architectural style, and he took initiative in recruiting people who could help accomplish his vision and researching <a href="/wiki/Architectural_style" title="Architectural style">architectural styles</a>. While in rule, Peter attempted to bring about change to the nation of Russia as quickly as possible and tried to incorporate western style and tradition into the everyday lives of his citizens. As part of this, Peter put regulations into effect, which mandated what cities should look like.<sup id="cite_ref-:3_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:3-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Peter's original goal for St. Petersburg was to re-create the city of <a href="/wiki/Amsterdam" title="Amsterdam">Amsterdam</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> As the city began construction, Peter started making changes to the designs of the buildings, often altering the planned appearance of buildings once their construction had already started. These last minute alterations led to buildings not belonging to one particular architectural school.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Naryshkin_Baroque_style">Naryshkin Baroque style</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Naryshkin Baroque style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_Baroque" title="Naryshkin Baroque">Naryshkin Baroque</a></div> <p>Peter was raised in Moscow, lived at the <a href="/wiki/Kremlin" title="Kremlin">Kremlin</a>, and spent time at multiple royal estates outside of the city. His father <a href="/wiki/Alexis_of_Russia" title="Alexis of Russia">Alexis</a> died when he was four years old, so Peter had a fairly unsupervised youth to pursue his own passions. Peter developed his taste for architecture by looking at the buildings which surrounded him in his childhood, many of which were patronized by his family. These churches and houses which surrounded Moscow reflected European influence in their structure and decoration. The Moscow or <a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_Baroque" title="Naryshkin Baroque">Naryshkin Baroque</a> style, named after Peter's <a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_family" title="Naryshkin family">maternal side of the family</a>, was prominent in these buildings. Characteristic of the Naryshkin Baroque are large scale buildings and lack of wood amongst building materials.<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Dutch_Baroque_style">Dutch Baroque style</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Dutch Baroque style"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Baroque_architecture" title="Dutch Baroque architecture">Dutch Baroque architecture</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg/220px-Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg" decoding="async" width="220" height="129" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg/330px-Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg/440px-Summer_Palace_St_Petersburg.jpeg 2x" data-file-width="588" data-file-height="344" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Summer_Palace_(Rastrelli)" title="Summer Palace (Rastrelli)">Summer Palace</a></figcaption></figure> <p>As Peter entered young adulthood and spent time travelling, his architectural taste began to favor the elements of Dutch architecture. Peter met with the Dutch architect Simon Schijnvoet (sometimes Schynvoet or Schynvaet) in 1697. Schijnvoet specialized in <a href="/wiki/Dutch_Baroque_architecture" title="Dutch Baroque architecture">Dutch Baroque</a> but also taught Peter about <a href="/wiki/Naval_architecture" title="Naval architecture">naval architecture</a>. The <a href="/wiki/Cabin_of_Peter_the_Great" title="Cabin of Peter the Great">cabin</a> in St. Petersburg that Peter designed utilized elements from this naval style which Schjinvoet taught him, including flat, painted log walls, wooden tile-like shingles, and windows made from small planes of glass. These elements of design were unlike the Russian styles seen up until this point. </p><p>The Russian history scholar <a href="/wiki/James_Cracraft" title="James Cracraft">James Cracraft</a> suggests that the clearest example of Dutch architecture designed under Peter's rule was his <a href="/wiki/Summer_Palace_of_Peter_the_Great" title="Summer Palace of Peter the Great">Summer Palace</a> in St. Petersburg, while there was also <a href="/wiki/Monplaisir_Palace" title="Monplaisir Palace">Monplaisir Palace</a>, also known as the "Little Dutch House". In a 1724 letter to the architectural student Ivan Korobov, Peter discusses his preference for the ornamentation of Dutch Baroque. In this same letter, Peter conveys his disinterest for the architectural styles of the French and Italian due to its lack of adornment and use of stone rather than brick. Among Peter's papers, a note was found describing how he sent two Russian architecture students to Holland so that they could learn the Dutch Baroque style and come back to build churches and houses for St. Petersburg. In addition to having Russian students train abroad, Peter also hired Dutch architects to come and work on projects in Russia.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Other_styles">Other styles</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Other styles"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>While Peter preferred the Dutch Baroque style, he also sought out architectural inspiration from other countries. Despite his recorded dislike for the <a href="/wiki/French_Baroque_architecture" title="French Baroque architecture">French</a> and <a href="/wiki/Italian_Baroque_architecture" title="Italian Baroque architecture">Italian Baroque architecture</a>, Peter sent two architectural students to Rome in 1723 to replace another two students working there. Scholars suggest that an equal amount of architectural students were sent to Holland and Italy during his reign and more Italian builders worked on projects for Peter in Russia than Dutch builders did. In the early years of St. Petersburg, the French served as prominent designers and decorators.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Notable_architects">Notable architects</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Notable architects"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Domenico_Trezzini">Domenico Trezzini</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Domenico Trezzini"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg/220px-SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="121" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg/330px-SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/ca/SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg/440px-SPB_Panoramic_view_on_Twelve_Colleges_by_Atkinson_1802-1805.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1920" data-file-height="1060" /></a><figcaption>The Twelve Colleges, Construction began by Trezzini in 1722</figcaption></figure> <p><a href="/wiki/Domenico_Trezzini" title="Domenico Trezzini">Domenico Trezzini</a> was born in Italian-speaking region of Switzerland in 1670. The architects that surrounded him in his youth were responsible for the development of the Baroque style in southern Germany. Trezzini's architectural style has visible influences from this German Baroque style along with the northern style of Baroque architecture that he picked up during his time living in Copenhagen.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Trezzini was also influenced by the Lombard Baroque style of architecture which was popular in Northern Italy where he grew up during the 17th century.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> From 1703 until his death in 1734, Trezzini lived in St. Petersburg. Trezzini began many of the building projects that formed the basis of the city. Due to the many projects that Trezzini worked on, he was given the title of "Lieutenant-Colonel of Fortification and Architect" in 1710.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Some of Trezzini's major additions to the city include: Peter the Great's <a href="/wiki/Summer_Palace_of_Peter_the_Great" title="Summer Palace of Peter the Great">Summer Palace</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Alexander_Nevsky_Lavra" title="Alexander Nevsky Lavra">Alexander Nevsky Lavra</a>, the <a href="/wiki/Twelve_Collegia" title="Twelve Collegia">Twelve Colleges</a>, and the <a href="/wiki/Saints_Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral,_Saint_Petersburg" title="Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral, Saint Petersburg">Saints Peter and Paul Cathedral</a>. Trezzini and his team designed the layout of the developing St. Petersburg including the streets of the anticipated city center of <a href="/wiki/Vasilyevsky_Island" title="Vasilyevsky Island">Vasilyevsky Island</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The layout of the city was arranged in a grid format with perpendicular streets and canals. Trezzini's design of the city did not follow the European ideal at the time because of its lack of compactness and grid organization rather than the traditional ringed layout.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <figure class="mw-halign-left" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png/178px-Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png" decoding="async" width="178" height="247" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png/267px-Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png/356px-Fragment_of_Saint_Petersburg_plan_1720s.png 2x" data-file-width="525" data-file-height="729" /></a><figcaption>A fragment from Trezzini's 1720 design for the layout of St. Petersburg.</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg/220px-1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="144" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg/330px-1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6a/1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg/440px-1709._St._Petersburg._Trezini_Monument.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3580" data-file-height="2350" /></a><figcaption>The Trezzini Monument in St. Petersburg</figcaption></figure> <p>In 1714, Peter declared that all houses in St. Petersburg should be constructed after Trezzini's model home. Different versions of the home were created for different classes of citizens based on their rank. Peter classified all citizens into 14 different classes, all of which had different residential areas in Trezzini plan. The size of the citizen's home directly corresponded to their standing in this social ranking.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The lower classes were divided by their trades and the upper classes were divided by the amount of <a href="/wiki/Serfdom" title="Serfdom">serfs</a> that they controlled.<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Several engravings of the model homes exist and while they are often accredited to Trezzini himself, his assistant <a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Alexandre_Le_Blond" title="Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond">Jean-Baptiste Alexandre Le Blond</a> is responsible for creating them.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_3-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These plans dictated the ornamentation style of the homes and the materials that they would be built with belonging to each class of citizens. In the city center proper, these guidelines were adhered to strictly. The further from the city center, the more flexibility with the design of homes there was. Despite the effort put into maintaining a regulated city design, after Peter's death, the system that Trezzini designed fell to the wayside.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_10-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Scholars consider Peter I's comprehensive urban design to be one of his greatest legacies.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In the design of his buildings, the Dutch Baroque style is visible in the types of ornamentation he preferred. For columns, Trezzini preferred squared <a href="/wiki/Pilaster" title="Pilaster">pilasters</a> as a decorative element and restricted their use to where they were structurally necessary or served a major purpose in the overall design. Trezzini also took inspiration from the work of <a href="/wiki/Christopher_Wren" title="Christopher Wren">Christopher Wren</a>, whose work on the <a href="/wiki/St_Paul%27s_Cathedral" title="St Paul's Cathedral">St Paul's Cathedral</a> appears in Trezzini's sketches.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Trezzini established the St. Petersburg Chancellery of Construction and became its first director. This school was the first institution to offer formal training for architects in Russia. Among those who trained at the Chancellery was <a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Zemtsov" title="Mikhail Zemtsov">Mikhail Zemtsov</a> who continued Trezzini's legacy.<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Other architects whom Trezzini worked alongside during his life and continued the construction of his buildings after his death were <a href="/wiki/Carlo_Giuseppe_Merlo" title="Carlo Giuseppe Merlo">Carlo Giuseppe</a> and <a href="/wiki/Pietro_Antonio_Trezzini" title="Pietro Antonio Trezzini">Pietro Antonio Trezzini</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_9-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Examples of Trezzini's architectural contributions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg/220px-175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg/330px-175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3e/175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg/440px-175._St._Petersburg._Summer_Palace_of_Peter_I.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3035" data-file-height="2276" /></a><figcaption>Summer Palace of Peter I by Dominico Trezzini</figcaption></figure> </th> <th><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg/220px-RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg/330px-RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a6/RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg/440px-RUS-2016-Aerial-SPB-Peter_and_Paul_Cathedral.jpg 2x" data-file-width="5625" data-file-height="3750" /></a><figcaption>Peter-Paul Church by Dominico Trezzini</figcaption></figure> </th> <th><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg/220px-1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg/330px-1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg/440px-1030._%D0%A1%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%BA%D1%82-%D0%9F%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B1%D1%83%D1%80%D0%B3._%D0%97%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B5_%D0%94%D0%B2%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%86%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%B8_%D0%BA%D0%BE%D0%BB%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B8%D0%B9.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3049" data-file-height="2286" /></a><figcaption>One of the buildings from the Twelve Colleges by Dominico Trezzini</figcaption></figure> </th> <th><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg/220px-1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg/330px-1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/62/1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg/440px-1045._St._Petersburg._Building_of_the_Twelve_Collegiums.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3031" data-file-height="2273" /></a><figcaption>Twelve Colleges by Dominico Trezzini</figcaption></figure> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Giovanni_Maria_Fontana"><a href="/wiki/Giovanni_Maria_Fontana" title="Giovanni Maria Fontana">Giovanni Maria Fontana</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Giovanni Maria Fontana"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg/220px-Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg/330px-Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d4/Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg/440px-Menshikovsky_Palace_in_Oranienbaum_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3700" data-file-height="2451" /></a><figcaption>The main building of the Grand Menshikovsky Palace in <a href="/wiki/Oranienbaum,_Russia" title="Oranienbaum, Russia">Oranienbaum, Russia</a> designed by Giovanni Maria Fontana.</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Mikhail_Zemtsov"><a href="/wiki/Mikhail_Zemtsov" title="Mikhail Zemtsov">Mikhail Zemtsov</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Mikhail Zemtsov"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption>Examples of Zemtsov's architectural contributions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Kadriorg_Palace_(7950146782).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Kadriorg_Palace_%287950146782%29.jpg/220px-Kadriorg_Palace_%287950146782%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Kadriorg_Palace_%287950146782%29.jpg/330px-Kadriorg_Palace_%287950146782%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Kadriorg_Palace_%287950146782%29.jpg/440px-Kadriorg_Palace_%287950146782%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3456" data-file-height="2241" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Kadriorg_Palace" title="Kadriorg Palace">Kadriorg Palace</a> by Mikhail Zemtsov</figcaption></figure> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Francesco_Bartolomeo_Rastrelli"><a href="/wiki/Francesco_Bartolomeo_Rastrelli" title="Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli">Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> Examples of Rastrelli's architectural contributions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg/220px-Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg/330px-Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a9/Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg/440px-Grand_Peterhof_Palace_01.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2119" /></a><figcaption>Grand Peterhof Palace by Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli</figcaption></figure> </th> <th><figure class="mw-default-size mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg/220px-Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg/330px-Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg/440px-Church_of_Grand_Peterhof_Palace_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3200" data-file-height="2119" /></a><figcaption>Grand Church of Peterhof Palace by Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli</figcaption></figure> </th> <th><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg/220px-Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="143" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg/330px-Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c6/Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg/440px-Rastrelli_Hermitage_pavilion.jpg 2x" data-file-width="654" data-file-height="425" /></a><figcaption>Hermitage Pavilion by Francesco Bartolomeo Rastrelli</figcaption></figure> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Georg_Johann_Mattarnovi"><a href="/wiki/Georg_Johann_Mattarnovi" title="Georg Johann Mattarnovi">Georg Johann Mattarnovi</a></h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Georg Johann Mattarnovi"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table class="wikitable"> <caption> Examples of Mattarnovi's architectural contributions </caption> <tbody><tr> <th><figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg/220px-Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="155" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg/330px-Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9c/Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg/440px-Saint_Petersburg_Kunstkamera_from_Neva_04.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4505" data-file-height="3168" /></a><figcaption>The <a href="/wiki/Kunstkamera" title="Kunstkamera">Kunstkamera</a> museum by Georg Johann Mattarnovi</figcaption></figure> </th></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Baroque" title="Elizabethan Baroque">Elizabethan Baroque</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>William Craft Brumfield. <i>A History of Russian Architecture</i> (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1993) <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-521-40333-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-521-40333-7">978-0-521-40333-7</a> (Chapter Eight: "The Foundations of the Baroque in Saint Petersburg")</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCracraft1988" class="citation book cs1">Cracraft, James (1988). "Revolution Embodied: The Building of St. Petersburg". <i>The Petrine Revolution in Russian Architecture</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 156.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revolution+Embodied%3A+The+Building+of+St.+Petersburg&rft.btitle=The+Petrine+Revolution+in+Russian+Architecture&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=156&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cracraft&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:3-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:3_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShvidkovsky2007" class="citation book cs1">Shvidkovsky, Dmitry (2007). "Russian Imperial Baroque". <i>Russian Architecture and the West</i>. New Haven: Yale University Press. p. 183. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780300109122" title="Special:BookSources/9780300109122"><bdi>9780300109122</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Russian+Imperial+Baroque&rft.btitle=Russian+Architecture+and+the+West&rft.place=New+Haven&rft.pages=183&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.isbn=9780300109122&rft.aulast=Shvidkovsky&rft.aufirst=Dmitry&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-3"><sup><i><b>d</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_3-4"><sup><i><b>e</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCracraft1988" class="citation book cs1">Cracraft, James (1988). "Revolution Embodied: The Building of St. Petersburg". <i>Petrine Revolution in Russian Architecture</i>. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. p. 156.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revolution+Embodied%3A+The+Building+of+St.+Petersburg&rft.btitle=Petrine+Revolution+in+Russian+Architecture&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=156&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cracraft&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-4">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrumfield1983" class="citation book cs1">Brumfield, William Craft (1983). "Saint Petersburg: The Imperial Design". <i>Gold in Azure: One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture</i>. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine. pp. 233–237.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Saint+Petersburg%3A+The+Imperial+Design&rft.btitle=Gold+in+Azure%3A+One+Thousand+Years+of+Russian+Architecture&rft.place=Boston%2C+Mass.&rft.pages=233-237&rft.pub=D.R.+Godine&rft.date=1983&rft.aulast=Brumfield&rft.aufirst=William+Craft&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Brumfield, William Craft (1983). "Saint Petersburg: The Imperial Design". <i>Gold in Azure: One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture</i>. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine. p. 238. <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780879234362" title="Special:BookSources/9780879234362">9780879234362</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCracraft1988" class="citation book cs1">Cracraft, James (1988). "Revolution Embodied: The Building of St. Petersburg". <i>Petrine Revolution in Russian Architecture</i>. University of Chicago Press. pp. 147–148.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revolution+Embodied%3A+The+Building+of+St.+Petersburg&rft.btitle=Petrine+Revolution+in+Russian+Architecture&rft.pages=147-148&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cracraft&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCracraft1988" class="citation book cs1">Cracraft, James (1988). "Revolution Embodied: The Buildings of St. Petersburg". <i>Petrine Revolution in Russian Architecture</i>. University of Chicago Press. pp. 148–149.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revolution+Embodied%3A+The+Buildings+of+St.+Petersburg&rft.btitle=Petrine+Revolution+in+Russian+Architecture&rft.pages=148-149&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cracraft&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCracraft1988" class="citation book cs1">Cracraft, James (1988). "Revolution Embodied: The Buildings of St. Petersburg". <i>Petrine Revolution in Russian Architecture</i>. University of Chicago Press. p. 150.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revolution+Embodied%3A+The+Buildings+of+St.+Petersburg&rft.btitle=Petrine+Revolution+in+Russian+Architecture&rft.pages=150&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cracraft&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_9-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFScvidkovskii2007" class="citation book cs1">Scvidkovskii, D O (2007). "Russian Imperial Baroque: Peter the Great's Foreign Architects: Dominico Trezzini". <i>Russian Architecture and the West</i>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pp. 197–200.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Russian+Imperial+Baroque%3A+Peter+the+Great%27s+Foreign+Architects%3A+Dominico+Trezzini&rft.btitle=Russian+Architecture+and+the+West&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT&rft.pages=197-200&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Scvidkovskii&rft.aufirst=D+O&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_10-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFShvidkovskii2007" class="citation book cs1">Shvidkovskii, D O (2007). "Russian Imperial Baroque". <i>Russian Architecture and the West</i>. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press. pp. 194–195.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Russian+Imperial+Baroque&rft.btitle=Russian+Architecture+and+the+West&rft.place=New+Haven%2C+CT&rft.pages=194-195&rft.pub=Yale+University+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Shvidkovskii&rft.aufirst=D+O&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-11">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrumfield1983" class="citation book cs1">Brumfield, William Craft (1983). "Saint Petersburg: The Imperial Design". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goldinazureoneth0000brum/page/229"><i>Gold in Azure: One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture</i></a>. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goldinazureoneth0000brum/page/229">229</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780879234362" title="Special:BookSources/9780879234362"><bdi>9780879234362</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Saint+Petersburg%3A+The+Imperial+Design&rft.btitle=Gold+in+Azure%3A+One+Thousand+Years+of+Russian+Architecture&rft.place=Boston%2C+Mass.&rft.pages=229&rft.pub=D.R.+Godine&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780879234362&rft.aulast=Brumfield&rft.aufirst=William+Craft&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgoldinazureoneth0000brum%2Fpage%2F229&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBrumfield1983" class="citation book cs1">Brumfield, William Craft (1983). "Saint Petersburg: The Imperial Design". <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goldinazureoneth0000brum/page/237"><i>Gold in Azure: One Thousand Years of Russian Architecture</i></a>. Boston, Mass.: D.R. Godine. pp. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/goldinazureoneth0000brum/page/237">237</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/9780879234362" title="Special:BookSources/9780879234362"><bdi>9780879234362</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Saint+Petersburg%3A+The+Imperial+Design&rft.btitle=Gold+in+Azure%3A+One+Thousand+Years+of+Russian+Architecture&rft.place=Boston%2C+Mass.&rft.pages=237&rft.pub=D.R.+Godine&rft.date=1983&rft.isbn=9780879234362&rft.aulast=Brumfield&rft.aufirst=William+Craft&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Fgoldinazureoneth0000brum%2Fpage%2F237&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFCracraft1988" class="citation book cs1">Cracraft, James (1988). "Revolution Embodied: The Building of St. Petersburg". <i>The Petrine Revolution in Russian Architecture</i>. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. p. 158.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Revolution+Embodied%3A+The+Building+of+St.+Petersburg&rft.btitle=The+Petrine+Revolution+in+Russian+Architecture&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pages=158&rft.pub=The+University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=1988&rft.aulast=Cracraft&rft.aufirst=James&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3APetrine+Baroque" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div> <p><br /> </p> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline ul,.mw-parser-output .hlist dl dl,.mw-parser-output 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architecture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Russian_architecture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Russian architecture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Russian_architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Russian_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian architecture">Russian architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Styles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau_architecture_in_Russia" title="Art Nouveau architecture in Russia">Art Nouveau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Baroque" title="Russian Baroque">Baroque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Baroque" title="Elizabethan Baroque">Elizabethan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_Baroque" title="Naryshkin Baroque">Naryshkin</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Baroque" title="Siberian Baroque">Siberian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructivist_architecture" title="Constructivist architecture">Constructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Byzantine_architecture_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Neo-Byzantine architecture in the Russian Empire">Neo-Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture_in_Russia" title="Neoclassical architecture in Russia">Neoclassical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Neoclassical_Revival" title="Russian Neoclassical Revival">Neoclassical Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postconstructivism" title="Postconstructivism">Postconstructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revival_architecture" title="Russian Revival architecture">Russian Revival</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinist_architecture" title="Stalinist architecture">Stalinist</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Types</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th id="Religious" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Religious</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Russian_church_architecture" title="Russian church architecture">Russian church architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/One-day_votive_church" title="One-day votive church">One-day votive churches</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align: center;">Related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Architecture of Kievan Rus'">Architecture of Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Romantic_style" title="National Romantic style">National Romantic style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_avant-garde" title="Russian avant-garde">Russian avant-garde</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Suprematism" title="Suprematism">Suprematism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Baroque_architecture_by_region" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Baroque_architecture_by_country" title="Template:Baroque architecture by country"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Baroque_architecture_by_country" title="Template talk:Baroque architecture by country"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Baroque_architecture_by_country" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Baroque architecture by country"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Baroque_architecture_by_region" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque architecture</a> by region</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_in_Brazil" title="Baroque in Brazil">Brazil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Baroque" title="Andean Baroque">Central Andes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Baroque_architecture" title="Czech Baroque architecture">Czech (Bohemia, Moravia)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Baroque_architecture" title="Dutch Baroque architecture">Dutch Republic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Baroque" class="mw-redirect" title="English Baroque">England</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Queen_Anne_style_architecture" title="Queen Anne style architecture">Queen Anne style</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Baroque_architecture" title="French Baroque architecture">France</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baroque_architecture_in_Germany&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baroque architecture in Germany (page does not exist)">Germany</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Baroque_architecture" title="Italian Baroque architecture">Italy</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_in_Milan" title="Baroque in Milan">Milan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sicilian_Baroque" title="Sicilian Baroque">Sicily</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Baroque_architecture" title="Maltese Baroque architecture">Malta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Spanish_Baroque" title="New Spanish Baroque">New Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mexican_art#Mexican_Baroque" title="Mexican art">Mexico</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Baroque_architecture_in_the_Philippines" title="Category:Baroque architecture in the Philippines">Philippines</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_in_Poland" title="Baroque in Poland">Poland</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture_in_Portugal" title="Baroque architecture in Portugal">Portugal</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Baroque_architecture_in_Russia&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Baroque architecture in Russia (page does not exist)">Russia</a> <ul><li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_Baroque" title="Naryshkin Baroque">Naryshkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Baroque" title="Elizabethan Baroque">Elizabethan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Baroque" title="Siberian Baroque">Siberian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Baroque_architecture" title="Spanish Baroque architecture">Spain</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Churrigueresque" title="Churrigueresque">Churrigueresque</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Baroque" title="Ukrainian Baroque">Ukraine</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="History_of_architecture" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:History_of_architecture" title="Template:History of architecture"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:History_of_architecture" title="Template talk:History of architecture"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:History_of_architecture" title="Special:EditPage/Template:History of architecture"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="History_of_architecture" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/History_of_architecture" title="History of architecture">History of architecture</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_architectural_styles" title="Timeline of architectural styles">Architectural timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_construction" title="History of construction">History of construction</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/BCE" class="mw-redirect" title="BCE">BCE</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neolithic_architecture" title="Neolithic architecture">Neolithic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Mesopotamia" title="Architecture of Mesopotamia">Mesopotamian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Egyptian_architecture" title="Ancient Egyptian architecture">Ancient Egyptian</a></li> <li>Aegean <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Minoan_civilization#Architecture" title="Minoan civilization">Minoan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Greece#Architecture" title="Mycenaean Greece">Mycenaean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Etruscan_architecture" title="Etruscan architecture">Etruscan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_architecture" title="Classical architecture">Classical</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Greek_architecture" title="Ancient Greek architecture">Ancient Greek</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_Roman_architecture" title="Ancient Roman architecture">Ancient Roman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Herodian_architecture" title="Herodian architecture">Herodian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_architecture#Pre-Islamic_architecture_of_Persia" title="Iranian architecture">Pre-Islamic Persian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Achaemenid_architecture" title="Achaemenid architecture">Achaemenid</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/1st_millennium" title="1st millennium">1st millennium</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sasanian_architecture" title="Sasanian architecture">Sasanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_architecture" title="Byzantine architecture">Byzantine</a></li> <li>East Slavic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_Kievan_Rus%27" title="Architecture of Kievan Rus'">Kievan Rus'</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_church_architecture" title="Russian church architecture">Muscovite</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_architecture" title="Islamic architecture">Islamic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Umayyad_architecture" title="Umayyad architecture">Umayyad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorish_architecture" title="Moorish architecture">Moorish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abbasid_architecture" title="Abbasid architecture">Abbasid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatimid_architecture" title="Fatimid architecture">Fatimid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Iranian_architecture#Islamic_architecture_of_Persia" title="Iranian architecture">Islamic Persian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Medieval_Scandinavian_architecture" title="Medieval Scandinavian architecture">Medieval Scandinavian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pre-Romanesque_art_and_architecture" title="Pre-Romanesque art and architecture">Pre-Romanesque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Carolingian_architecture" title="Carolingian architecture">Carolingian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1000–1500</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Romanesque_architecture" title="Romanesque architecture">Romanesque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Galician_school_(architecture)" title="Galician school (architecture)">Galician</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottonian_architecture" title="Ottonian architecture">Ottonian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Norman_architecture" title="Norman architecture">Norman</a></li></ul></li> <li>Indian <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hoysala_architecture" title="Hoysala architecture">Hoysala</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Vijayanagara_architecture" title="Vijayanagara architecture">Vijayanagara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Western_Chalukya_architecture" title="Western Chalukya architecture">Western Chalukya</a></li></ul></li> <li>Islamic <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Great_Seljuk_architecture" title="Great Seljuk architecture">Great Seljuk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Anatolian_Seljuk_architecture" title="Anatolian Seljuk architecture">Anatolian Seljuk architecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mamluk_architecture" title="Mamluk architecture">Mamluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timurid_architecture" title="Timurid architecture">Timurid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_architecture" title="Ottoman architecture">Ottoman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indo-Islamic_architecture" title="Indo-Islamic architecture">Indo-Islamic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romano-Gothic" title="Romano-Gothic">Romano-Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_architecture" title="Gothic architecture">Gothic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sondergotik" title="Sondergotik">Sondergotik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Inca_architecture" title="Inca architecture">Incan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aztec_architecture" title="Aztec architecture">Aztec</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_architecture" title="Renaissance architecture">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Plateresque" title="Plateresque">Plateresque</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1500–1750</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Manueline" title="Manueline">Manueline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Palladian_architecture" title="Palladian architecture">Palladian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_architecture" title="Spanish Colonial architecture">Spanish Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_colonial_architecture" title="Portuguese colonial architecture">Portuguese Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mughal_architecture" title="Mughal architecture">Mughal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sikh_architecture" title="Sikh architecture">Sikh</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1750–1900</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture" title="Baroque architecture">Baroque</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Andean_Baroque" title="Andean Baroque">Andean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Baroque_architecture" title="Czech Baroque architecture">Czech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dutch_Baroque_architecture" title="Dutch Baroque architecture">Dutch</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/English_Baroque" class="mw-redirect" title="English Baroque">English</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/French_Baroque_architecture" title="French Baroque architecture">French</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Italian_Baroque_architecture" title="Italian Baroque architecture">Italian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maltese_Baroque_architecture" title="Maltese Baroque architecture">Maltese</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Petrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Elizabethan_Baroque" title="Elizabethan Baroque">Elizabethan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Naryshkin_Baroque" title="Naryshkin Baroque">Naryshkin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_architecture_in_Portugal" title="Baroque architecture in Portugal">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siberian_Baroque" title="Siberian Baroque">Siberian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ukrainian_Baroque" title="Ukrainian Baroque">Ukrainian</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Industrial_architecture" title="Industrial architecture">Industrial</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_industrial_architecture" title="British industrial architecture">British</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revivalism_(architecture)" title="Revivalism (architecture)">Revivalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_Revival_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Byzantine Revival architecture">Byzantine</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Byzantine_architecture_in_the_Russian_Empire" title="Neo-Byzantine architecture in the Russian Empire">Russo-Byzantine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Serbo-Byzantine_Revival_architecture" title="Serbo-Byzantine Revival architecture">Serbo-Byzantine</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_Revival_architecture" title="Colonial Revival architecture">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Egyptian_Revival_architecture" title="Egyptian Revival architecture">Egyptian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gothic_Revival_architecture" title="Gothic Revival architecture">Gothic</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mayan_Revival_architecture" title="Mayan Revival architecture">Mayan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mediterranean_Revival_architecture" title="Mediterranean Revival architecture">Mediterranean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mission_Revival_architecture" title="Mission Revival architecture">Mission</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monumentalism" title="Monumentalism">Monumentalism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Baroque_Revival_architecture" title="Baroque Revival architecture">Baroque</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rococo_architecture" title="Rococo architecture">Rococo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neoclassical_architecture" title="Neoclassical architecture">Neoclassical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Moorish_Revival_architecture" title="Moorish Revival architecture">Moorish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-Manueline" title="Neo-Manueline">Neo-Manueline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pueblo_Revival_architecture" title="Pueblo Revival architecture">Pueblo</a></li> <li>Queen Anne <ul><li><a href="/wiki/British_Queen_Anne_Revival" class="mw-redirect" title="British Queen Anne Revival">Britain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_World_Queen_Anne_Revival_architecture" title="New World Queen Anne Revival architecture">America and Australia</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Renaissance_Revival_architecture" title="Renaissance Revival architecture">Renaissance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Romanian_Revival_architecture" title="Romanian Revival architecture">Romanian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_Revival_architecture" title="Russian Revival architecture">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_Colonial_Revival_architecture" title="Spanish Colonial Revival architecture">Spanish Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Territorial_Revival_architecture" title="Territorial Revival architecture">Territorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tudor_Revival_architecture" title="Tudor Revival architecture">Tudor</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Nouveau" title="Art Nouveau">Art Nouveau</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Jugendstil" title="Jugendstil">Jugendstil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Liberty_style" title="Liberty style">Liberty style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_Style_(British_Art_Nouveau_style)" title="Modern Style (British Art Nouveau style)">Modern Style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modernisme" title="Modernisme">Modernisme</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1900–1950</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rationalism_(architecture)" title="Rationalism (architecture)">Rationalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mycenaean_Revival_architecture" title="Mycenaean Revival architecture">Mycenaean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Modern_architecture" title="Modern architecture">Modern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Prairie_School" title="Prairie School">Prairie School</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Expressionist_architecture" title="Expressionist architecture">Expressionism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Czech_Cubism" title="Czech Cubism">Cubism</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/De_Stijl" title="De Stijl">De Stijl</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bauhaus" title="Bauhaus">Bauhaus</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Constructivist_architecture" title="Constructivist architecture">Constructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Objectivity_(architecture)" title="New Objectivity (architecture)">New Objectivity</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Streamline_Moderne" title="Streamline Moderne">Streamline Moderne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Totalitarian_architecture" title="Totalitarian architecture">Totalitarianism</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fascist_architecture" title="Fascist architecture">Rationalist-Fascist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nazi_architecture" title="Nazi architecture">Nazi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stalinist_architecture" title="Stalinist architecture">Stalinist</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/International_Style_(architecture)" class="mw-redirect" title="International Style (architecture)">International style</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Functionalism_(architecture)" title="Functionalism (architecture)">Functionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Futurist_architecture" title="Futurist architecture">Futurism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organic_architecture" title="Organic architecture">Organicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Art_Deco" title="Art Deco">Art Deco</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Stripped_Classicism" title="Stripped Classicism">Stripped Classicism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postconstructivism" title="Postconstructivism">Postconstructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/PWA_Moderne" class="mw-redirect" title="PWA Moderne">PWA Moderne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Googie_architecture" title="Googie architecture">Googie</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">1950–2000</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Brutalist_architecture" title="Brutalist architecture">Brutalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Structuralism_(architecture)" title="Structuralism (architecture)">Structuralism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Postmodern_architecture" title="Postmodern architecture">Postmodern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blobitecture" title="Blobitecture">Blobitecture</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/High-tech_architecture" title="High-tech architecture">High-tech</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arcology" title="Arcology">Arcology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Critical_regionalism" title="Critical regionalism">Critical regionalism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neo-futurism" title="Neo-futurism">Neo-futurism</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">2000–present</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Deconstructivism" title="Deconstructivism">Deconstructivism</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Neomodern" title="Neomodern">Neomodern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_Classical_architecture" title="New Classical architecture">New Classical</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Contemporary_architecture" title="Contemporary architecture">Contemporary</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Regional</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_architecture" title="Chinese architecture">Chinese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Colonial_architecture" title="Colonial architecture">Colonial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Architecture_of_India" title="Architecture of India">Indian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dravidian_architecture" title="Dravidian architecture">Dravidian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hindu_temple_architecture" title="Hindu temple architecture">Hindu</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Japanese_architecture" title="Japanese architecture">Japanese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_architecture" title="Korean architecture">Korean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesoamerican_architecture" title="Mesoamerican architecture">Mesoamerican</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Maya_architecture" title="Maya architecture">Maya</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Newa_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Newa architecture">Newari</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Portuguese_Architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Portuguese Architecture">Portuguese</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Russian_architecture" class="mw-redirect" title="Russian architecture">Russian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Spanish_architecture" title="Spanish architecture">Spanish</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Somali_architecture" title="Somali architecture">Somali</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Retrieved from "<a dir="ltr" href="https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&oldid=1255979195">https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Petrine_Baroque&oldid=1255979195</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Help:Category" title="Help:Category">Categories</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Baroque_architecture_in_Russia" title="Category:Baroque architecture in Russia">Baroque architecture in Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Baroque_architectural_styles" title="Category:Baroque architectural styles">Baroque 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