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Academia Francesa – Wikipédia, a enciclopédia livre

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href="#Imortais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Imortais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Imortais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funções" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funções"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Funções</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funções-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Membros_atuais" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Membros_atuais"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Membros atuais</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Membros_atuais-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ver_também" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ver_também"> <div 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id="toc-Notas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referências" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referências"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.2</span> <span>Referências</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referências-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Ligações_externas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Ligações_externas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Ligações externas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Ligações_externas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Conteúdo" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Alternar o índice" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Alternar o índice</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Academia Francesa</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Ir para um artigo noutra língua. Disponível em 71 línguas" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-71" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">71 línguas</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — africanês" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="africanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — alemão suíço" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="alemão suíço" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%8A%D8%A9" title="الأكاديمية الفرنسية — árabe" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الأكاديمية الفرنسية" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="árabe" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%A7%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%87_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%B3%D8%A7%D9%88%D9%8A%D9%87" title="الاكاديميه الفرنساويه — Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="الاكاديميه الفرنساويه" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Francesa" title="Academia Francesa — asturiano" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Academia Francesa" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="asturiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransa_Akademiyas%C4%B1" title="Fransa Akademiyası — azerbaijano" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Fransa Akademiyası" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="azerbaijano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Французская акадэмія — bielorrusso" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Французская акадэмія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="bielorrusso" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%8D%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Француская акадэмія — Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Француская акадэмія" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Френска академия — búlgaro" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Френска академия" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="búlgaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%86%E0%A6%95%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%BF_%E0%A6%AB%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%81%E0%A6%B8%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%9C" title="আকাদেমি ফ্রঁসেজ — bengalês" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="আকাদেমি ফ্রঁসেজ" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="bengalês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — bretão" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_Francesa" title="Acadèmia Francesa — catalão" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Acadèmia Francesa" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="catalão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%A7%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C%D8%A7%DB%8C_%D9%81%DB%95%DA%95%DB%95%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C" title="ئەکادیمیای فەڕەنسی — curdo central" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەکادیمیای فەڕەنسی" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="curdo central" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francouzsk%C3%A1_akademie" title="Francouzská akademie — checo" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Francouzská akademie" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="checo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — galês" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="galês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — dinamarquês" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="dinamarquês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — alemão" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="alemão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%93%CE%B1%CE%BB%CE%BB%CE%B9%CE%BA%CE%AE_%CE%91%CE%BA%CE%B1%CE%B4%CE%B7%CE%BC%CE%AF%CE%B1" title="Γαλλική Ακαδημία — grego" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Γαλλική Ακαδημία" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie Française — inglês" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Académie Française" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="inglês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franca_Akademio" title="Franca Akademio — esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Franca Akademio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Francesa" title="Academia Francesa — espanhol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Academia Francesa" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="espanhol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prantsuse_Akadeemia" title="Prantsuse Akadeemia — estónio" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Prantsuse Akadeemia" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="estónio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frantses_Akademia" title="Frantses Akademia — basco" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Frantses Akademia" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="basco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D9%87%D9%86%DA%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D8%A7%D9%86_%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%D9%87" title="فرهنگستان فرانسه — persa" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="فرهنگستان فرانسه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ranskan_akatemia" title="Ranskan akatemia — finlandês" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Ranskan akatemia" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — francês" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="francês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frp mw-list-item"><a href="https://frp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A8mia_franc%C3%AAsa" title="Acadèmia francêsa — Arpitan" lang="frp" hreflang="frp" data-title="Acadèmia francêsa" data-language-autonym="Arpetan" data-language-local-name="Arpitan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Arpetan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — irlandês" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="irlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Francesa" title="Academia Francesa — galego" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Academia Francesa" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="galego" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%94%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%93%D7%9E%D7%99%D7%94_%D7%94%D7%A6%D7%A8%D7%A4%D7%AA%D7%99%D7%AA" title="האקדמיה הצרפתית — hebraico" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="האקדמיה הצרפתית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="hebraico" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%85%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%80_%E0%A4%AB%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B0%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%B8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%9C" title="अकादमी फ्रंसेज — hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="अकादमी फ्रंसेज" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francuska_akademija" title="Francuska akademija — croata" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Francuska akademija" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francia_Akad%C3%A9mia" title="Francia Akadémia — húngaro" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Francia Akadémia" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="húngaro" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%96%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%BD%D5%AB%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%A5%D5%B4%D5%AB%D5%A1" title="Ֆրանսիական ակադեմիա — arménio" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ֆրանսիական ակադեմիա" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="arménio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — indonésio" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonésio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — italiano" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="italiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AB%E3%83%87%E3%83%9F%E3%83%BC%E3%83%BB%E3%83%95%E3%83%A9%E3%83%B3%E3%82%BB%E3%83%BC%E3%82%BA" title="アカデミー・フランセーズ — japonês" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アカデミー・フランセーズ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japonês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — javanês" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="javanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%A4%E1%83%A0%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%92%E1%83%94%E1%83%97%E1%83%98%E1%83%A1_%E1%83%90%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%93%E1%83%94%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98%E1%83%90" title="საფრანგეთის აკადემია — georgiano" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="საფრანგეთის აკადემია" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="georgiano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%84%EC%B9%B4%EB%8D%B0%EB%AF%B8_%ED%94%84%EB%9E%91%EC%84%B8%EC%A6%88" title="아카데미 프랑세즈 — coreano" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="아카데미 프랑세즈" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="coreano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Francica" title="Academia Francica — latim" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Academia Francica" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="latim" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — luxemburguês" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="luxemburguês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lëtzebuergesch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lfn mw-list-item"><a href="https://lfn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Franses" title="Academia Franses — Lingua Franca Nova" lang="lfn" hreflang="lfn" data-title="Academia Franses" data-language-autonym="Lingua Franca Nova" data-language-local-name="Lingua Franca Nova" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lingua Franca Nova</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fran%C4%8Du_akad%C4%93mija" title="Franču akadēmija — letão" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Franču akadēmija" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="letão" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — malaio" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malaio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — neerlandês" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="neerlandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — norueguês nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="norueguês nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — norueguês bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norueguês bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D0%B0%D0%B3_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8" title="Францаг академи — ossético" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Францаг академи" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="ossético" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akademia_Francuska" title="Akademia Francuska — polaco" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Akademia Francuska" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_frans%C3%A8isa" title="Academia fransèisa — Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Academia fransèisa" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Piemontèis</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%DB%8C%D9%85%DB%8C" title="فرانسیسی اکیڈیمی — Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="فرانسیسی اکیڈیمی" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Academia_Francez%C4%83" title="Academia Franceză — romeno" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Academia Franceză" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="romeno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%8F" title="Французская академия — russo" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Французская академия" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="russo" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — servo-croata" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="servo-croata" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_Fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie Française — Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Académie Française" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franc%C3%BAzska_akad%C3%A9mia" title="Francúzska akadémia — eslovaco" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Francúzska akadémia" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="eslovaco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francoska_akademija" title="Francoska akademija — esloveno" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Francoska akademija" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="esloveno" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise" title="Académie française — albanês" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Académie française" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="albanês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B8%D1%98%D0%B0" title="Француска академија — sérvio" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Француска академија" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="sérvio" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Franska_akademien" title="Franska akademien — sueco" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Franska akademien" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="sueco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AA%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A9%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9A%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF_%E0%AE%85%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%BE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%BF" title="பிரான்சிய அகாதமி — tâmil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="பிரான்சிய அகாதமி" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="tâmil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B2%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%B2%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%9F%E0%B8%A3%E0%B9%87%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%87%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%8B%E0%B8%8B" title="อากาเดมีฟร็องแซซ — tailandês" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อากาเดมีฟร็องแซซ" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="tailandês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Frans%C4%B1z_Akademisi" title="Fransız Akademisi — turco" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Fransız Akademisi" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turco" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A4%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%86%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8C%D0%BA%D0%B0_%D0%B0%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%96%D1%8F" title="Французька академія — ucraniano" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Французька академія" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ucraniano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D8%B3%DB%8C_%D8%A7%DA%A9%DB%8C%DA%88%D9%85%DB%8C" title="فرانسیسی اکیڈمی — urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="فرانسیسی اکیڈمی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fransiya_akademiyasi" title="Fransiya akademiyasi — usbeque" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Fransiya akademiyasi" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="usbeque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vi%E1%BB%87n_h%C3%A0n_l%C3%A2m_Ph%C3%A1p" title="Viện hàn lâm Pháp — vietnamita" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Viện hàn lâm Pháp" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="vietnamita" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E9%99%A2" title="法兰西学术院 — wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="法兰西学术院" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B3%95%E5%85%B0%E8%A5%BF%E5%AD%A6%E6%9C%AF%E9%99%A2" title="法兰西学术院 — chinês" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="法兰西学术院" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="chinês" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q161806#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Editar hiperligações interlínguas" class="wbc-editpage">Editar hiperligações</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Espaços nominais"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Academia_Francesa" title="Ver a página de conteúdo [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artigo</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a 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(<small><i>Encontre fontes:</i> <span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://wikipedialibrary.wmflabs.org/">ABW</a> &#160;&#8226;&#32; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.periodicos.capes.gov.br">CAPES</a> &#160;&#8226;&#32; <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?as_eq=wikipedia&amp;as_epq=Academia+Francesa">Google</a> (<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com/search?hl=pt&amp;tbm=nws&amp;q=Academia+Francesa&amp;oq=Academia+Francesa">N</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://books.google.com/books?&amp;as_brr=0&amp;as_epq=Academia+Francesa">L</a>&#160;&#8226;&#32;<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://scholar.google.com/scholar?hl=pt&amp;q=Academia+Francesa">A</a>)</span></small>).</span> <small class="date-container"><i>(<span class="date">Junho de 2021</span>)</i></small></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="infobox_v2" style="font-size:88%"><div class="topo comunicacao" style="background-color:#FFDEAD;color:#000000;border:none;font-size:1.3em;*padding:12px 0;text-align:center;width:100%;display:table;padding:0;*height:auto;height:45px"><div style="display:table-cell;padding:3px;vertical-align:middle">Academia Francesa</div></div><div><div class="image" style="justify-content:space-around;text-align:center;display:flex;padding:2px 0;align-items:center"><span class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:French_Institute,_Paris_2014_002.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/French_Institute%2C_Paris_2014_002.jpg/220px-French_Institute%2C_Paris_2014_002.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="367" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/French_Institute%2C_Paris_2014_002.jpg/330px-French_Institute%2C_Paris_2014_002.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/71/French_Institute%2C_Paris_2014_002.jpg/440px-French_Institute%2C_Paris_2014_002.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3600" data-file-height="6000" /></a></span></div><p class="caption" style="margin:5px 0 5px 0;text-align:center;font-size:0.9em">O <a href="/wiki/Institut_de_France" title="Institut de France">Institut de France</a>, onde está localizada a Academia Francesa</p></div><table><caption style="background-color:#FFDEAD;color:#000000;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">História</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Fundação</th><td><div> 1634 para as primeiras reuniões, <br />1635 para as cartas patentes<sup id="cite_ref-dates_1-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-dates-1"><span>[</span>1<span>]</span></a></sup></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#FFDEAD;color:#000000;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">Quadro profissional</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Tipo</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/Sociedade_cient%C3%ADfica" title="Sociedade científica">Sociedade científica</a>, Academia nacional, <a href="/wiki/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Organização">regulador da linguagem</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Estado legal</th><td><div> instituição pública nacional de natureza administrativa</div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Domínios de atividade</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">francês</a><br /><a href="/wiki/Ensino_superior" title="Ensino superior">ensino superior</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Propósito</th><td><div> "Zelar pela língua francesa e praticar atos de mecenato"</div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Sede social</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">País</th><td><div> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_France.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/20px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/30px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/40px-Flag_of_France.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a></span></span>&#160;<a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">França</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Língua</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">francês</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Língua de trabalho</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">francês</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#FFDEAD;color:#000000;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">Organização</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Membros</th><td><div> Cf. <i>Index Academicorum</i> <a rel="nofollow" class="external autonumber" href="https://www.academie-francaise.fr/les-immortels/les-quarante-aujourdhui">[1]</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Fundador</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/Cardeal_Richelieu" title="Cardeal Richelieu">Cardeal de Richelieu</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Secret%C3%A1rio_geral&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Secretário geral (página não existe)">Secretário geral</a></th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/Amin_Maalouf" title="Amin Maalouf">Amin Maalouf</a> <small>(a partir de <time datetime="2023" class="date-link"><a href="/wiki/2023" title="2023">2023</a></time>)</small></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Setor de atividade</th><td><div> <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">francês</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em">Website</th><td><div> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.academie-francaise.fr/">www.academie-francaise.fr</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><table><caption style="background-color:#FFDEAD;color:#000000;font-weight:bolder;width:23em;text-align:center;max-width:300px;word-wrap:break-word;margin:0 0 5px 0;line-height:1.5">Identificador</caption><tbody><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Syst%C3%A8me_d%27identification_du_r%C3%A9pertoire_des_entreprises" class="extiw" title="fr:Système d&#39;identification du répertoire des entreprises">SIREN</a></th><td><div> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://annuaire-entreprises.data.gouv.fr/entreprise/130023138">130023138</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/OpenCorporates" class="extiw" title="en:OpenCorporates">OpenCorporates</a></th><td><div> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opencorporates.com/companies/fr/130023138">fr/130023138</a></div></td></tr><tr class="" style="vertical-align:middle"><th scope="row" style="text-align:left;padding-right:10px;word-wrap:normal;max-width:140px;width:8em"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Service-public.fr" class="extiw" title="fr:Service-public.fr">Anuário do serviço público</a></th><td><div> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lannuaire.service-public.fr/institutions-juridictions/c8f65902-edd0-4b3c-ac1a-e7f8608e2846">institutions-juridictions/c8f65902-edd0-4b3c-ac1a-e7f8608e2846</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><p class="navbar noprint bordered" style="border-bottom:0;margin-top:5px;display:block;margin-bottom:-0.125em;border-width:1px;border-top:1px solid #FFDEAD"><span class="plainlinks" style="text-align:left;width:23em"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=0">editar</a> - <a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=0">editar código-fonte</a> - <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161806" class="extiw" title="d:Q161806">editar Wikidata</a></span><span style="text-align:right;float:right"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Info/Organiza%C3%A7%C3%A3o/Wikidata" title="Documentação da predefinição"><img alt="Documentação da predefinição" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/12px-Info_Simple.svg.png" decoding="async" width="12" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/18px-Info_Simple.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/38/Info_Simple.svg/24px-Info_Simple.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="512" data-file-height="512" /></a></span></span></p></div> <p>A <b>Academia Francesa</b> (em <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">francês</a>: <i><b>Académie française</b></i>) foi fundada por <a href="/wiki/Cardeal_de_Richelieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardeal de Richelieu">Richelieu</a> em <a href="/wiki/1635" title="1635">1635</a>, sob o reinado de <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_XIII_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Luís XIII de França">Luís XIII</a> <a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7a" title="França">de França</a>. É uma das mais antigas instituições francesas. É composta por quarenta membros, chamados de "Quarenta" ou somente de "Imortais".<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span>[</span>2<span>]</span></a></sup> A <a href="/wiki/Academia_Brasileira_de_Letras" title="Academia Brasileira de Letras">Academia Brasileira de Letras</a> foi baseada nela.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span>[</span>3<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Conceito">Conceito</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar secção: Conceito" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=1" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Conceito"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li>No sistema educacional francês, a Academia é uma unidade administrativa.</li> <li>A Academia Francesa (<i>Académie française</i>) é uma associação composta pelas mais proeminentes pessoas instruídas nos assuntos relativos ao idioma francês. Foi criada em 1635 por <a href="/wiki/Cardeal_de_Richelieu" class="mw-redirect" title="Cardeal de Richelieu">Richelieu</a>, o principal ministro e o homem-forte do reinado de Luís XIII. Fechada em <a href="/wiki/1793" title="1793">1793</a>, durante a <a href="/wiki/Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Francesa" title="Revolução Francesa">Revolução Francesa</a>, foi novamente instituída por <a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%A3o_Bonaparte" title="Napoleão Bonaparte">Napoleão Bonaparte</a>, em <a href="/wiki/1803" title="1803">1803</a>. É a mais antiga das 5 academias que compõem o <a href="/wiki/Instituto_da_Fran%C3%A7a" class="mw-redirect" title="Instituto da França">Instituto da França</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-4"><span>[</span>4<span>]</span></a></sup></li> <li>Foi instaurada invocando-se o "sítio de Akademus" - local da Grécia Antiga onde teria sido os jardins do herói Akademus e escolhido por <a href="/wiki/Plat%C3%A3o" title="Platão">Platão</a> para ministrar suas palestras aos discípulos - recebendo aquele lugar o nome de "Akademia".</li> <li>A <i>Académie</i> compõe-se de quarenta membros conhecidos por <i>Immortels</i> ("Imortais"), sendo que os novos membros são eleitos pelos mais antigos. Uma vez ingressado em seus quadros, ali permanece por toda a vida, podendo, entretanto, ser removido por conduta inapropriada.</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Histórico"><span id="Hist.C3.B3rico"></span>Histórico</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar secção: Histórico" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=2" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Histórico"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Cardinal_Richelieu_(Champaigne).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cardinal_Richelieu_%28Champaigne%29.jpg/218px-Cardinal_Richelieu_%28Champaigne%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="218" height="316" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cardinal_Richelieu_%28Champaigne%29.jpg/327px-Cardinal_Richelieu_%28Champaigne%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/1a/Cardinal_Richelieu_%28Champaigne%29.jpg/436px-Cardinal_Richelieu_%28Champaigne%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="766" data-file-height="1110" /></a><figcaption>Richelieu</figcaption></figure> <p>Em suas origens, a <i>Académie</i> era composta por um grupo informal que se reunia para debates literários entre as <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_1620" title="Década de 1620">décadas de 1620</a> e <a href="/wiki/D%C3%A9cada_de_1630" title="Década de 1630">1630</a> em <a href="/wiki/Paris" title="Paris">Paris</a> (um, dentre muitos dos grupos que então se formaram). O cardeal Richelieu, na prática o governante da França na época, adotou este grupo como seu protegido. Como preparação para a sua constituição oficial, foram convidados vários associados no ano de <a href="/wiki/1634" title="1634">1634</a>. A <a href="/wiki/22_de_fevereiro" title="22 de fevereiro">22 de fevereiro</a> do ano seguinte, com a intercessão e apressamento de Richelieu, a Carta Real foi concedida por <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_XIII_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Luís XIII de França">Luís XIII de França</a> e a organização tornou-se formalmente legítima. A Carta, entretanto, somente foi registrada no parlamento de Paris a <a href="/wiki/10_de_julho" title="10 de julho">10 de julho</a> de <a href="/wiki/1637" title="1637">1637</a>. A <i>Académie Française</i> passou, formalmente, a ser a responsável pela regulamentação da <a href="/wiki/Gram%C3%A1tica" title="Gramática">gramática</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ortografia" title="Ortografia">ortografia</a> e <a href="/wiki/Literatura" title="Literatura">literatura</a> francesas. </p><p>Durante a <a href="/wiki/Revolu%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Francesa" title="Revolução Francesa">Revolução Francesa</a>, a Convenção Nacional suprimiu todas as academias reais, inclusive a ""Académie Française". Em <a href="/wiki/1792" title="1792">1792</a>, foi proibida a eleição de novos sócios para substituir os que morreram, e no ano seguinte foram completamente abolidas. As academias foram reunidas numa única entidade, em <a href="/wiki/1795" title="1795">1795</a>, chamado de "<a href="/wiki/Institut_de_France" title="Institut de France">Institut de France</a>". <a href="/wiki/Napole%C3%A3o_Bonaparte" title="Napoleão Bonaparte">Napoleão Bonaparte</a>, quando Primeiro Cônsul, decidiu restabelecer as antigas academias, mas como "classes" ou divisões do Instituto. A segunda classe do Instituto equivalia à antiga "Académie". Quando assumiu o trono <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_XVIII_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Luís XVIII de França">Luís XVIII de França</a>, em <a href="/wiki/1816" title="1816">1816</a>, cada classe recuperou o título de "Académie" - e aquela segunda classe voltou a apropriadamente intitular-se "Academia". Desde este ano, portanto, a "Académie Française" funciona ininterruptamente. </p><p>O presidente francês é o protetor ou patrono da <i>Académie</i> - um papel que coubera precipuamente a Richelieu. Com a sua morte, em <a href="/wiki/1642" title="1642">1642</a>, <a href="/wiki/Pierre_S%C3%A9guier" title="Pierre Séguier">Pierre Séguier</a>, chanceler de França, o sucedeu. Quando este, a seu turno, faleceu em <a href="/wiki/1672" title="1672">1672</a>, <a href="/wiki/Lu%C3%ADs_XIV_de_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Luís XIV de França">Luís XIV de França</a> assumiu esta função. Desde então, o chefe de estado sempre foi o patrono da <i>Académie</i>. De 1672 a 1805, a reuniões oficiais do silogeu deram-se no <a href="/wiki/Louvre" class="mw-redirect" title="Louvre">Louvre</a> e, a partir desse ano, ocorrem no Collège des Quatre Nations (hoje conhecido como Palais de l'Institut). As demais academias do Instituto também ali têm sua sede. </p><p>A 14 de novembro de 2019, foi agraciada com o grau de Membro-Honorário da <a href="/wiki/Ordem_Militar_de_Sant%27Iago_da_Espada" title="Ordem Militar de Sant&#39;Iago da Espada">Ordem Militar de Sant'Iago da Espada</a>, de <a href="/wiki/Portugal" title="Portugal">Portugal</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-OHn_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-OHn-5"><span>[</span>5<span>]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Imortais">Imortais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar secção: Imortais" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=3" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Imortais"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Poincare_larger.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Poincare_larger.jpg/220px-Poincare_larger.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="324" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/3b/Poincare_larger.jpg/330px-Poincare_larger.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/3/3b/Poincare_larger.jpg 2x" data-file-width="408" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>Raymond Poincaré foi um dos cinco chefes de estado franceses a tornar-se "imortal". Na foto, ostenta o fardão verde (<i>habit vert</i>) da <i>Académie</i></figcaption></figure> <p>São quarenta "cadeiras", numeradas de um a quarenta, em sequência e sem grau diferenciador entre elas. Foram chamados de "imortais" por conta da inscrição "<i>À l'immortalité</i>" ("para a imortalidade"), que se encontra no selo oficial da corporação e que foi ofertado por Richelieu. Cada imortal é escolhido por seus pares para ser o "secretário permanente" da <i>Académie</i> - cargo que ocupa por toda a vida, ou até que haja a resignação. Além disso, a <i>Académie</i> pode indicar um "secretário permanente honorário". O sócio mais velho, por data de ingresso, é o "decano da academia". </p><p>Novos membros são eleitos pelos próprios acadêmicos (os sócios originais foram designados). Quando uma cadeira fica vaga, o candidato informa ao secretário que deseja tornar-se um candidato. Também os acadêmicos podem indicar candidatos - e estes somente serão considerados eleitos se obtiverem a maioria dos votos, num quórum mínimo de vinte membros. Se nenhum dos candidatos obtiver a maioria absoluta, outra eleição deverá ser marcada para uma data posterior. A votação, entretanto, somente será validada se o protetor (o presidente do país) der sua aprovação - que é, entretanto, uma mera formalidade. Então, finalmente, o novo imortal está apto a ocupar uma das cadeiras da Academia. Terá de entregar seu discurso, no qual consuetudinariamente tece elogios ao seu predecessor. Oito dias após o novo membro é empossado, numa solenidade pública, onde faz seu pronunciamento agradecendo aos pares por sua eleição. </p><p>Uma vez eleito, o membro é um acadêmico por toda a vida. Mas o sodalício pode expulsar um membro por séria impropriedade de conduta. A primeira expulsão deu-se em <a href="/wiki/1638" title="1638">1638</a>, quando <a href="/wiki/Auger_de_Mol%C3%A9on_de_Granier" title="Auger de Moléon de Granier">Auger de Moléon de Granier</a> foi afastado por roubo. As expulsões mais recentes ocorreram ao fim da <a href="/wiki/II_Guerra_Mundial" class="mw-redirect" title="II Guerra Mundial">II Guerra Mundial</a>: <a href="/wiki/Abel_Bonnard" title="Abel Bonnard">Abel Bonnard</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abel_Hermant" title="Abel Hermant">Abel Hermant</a>, <a href="/wiki/Philippe_P%C3%A9tain" title="Philippe Pétain">Philippe Pétain</a>, e <a href="/wiki/Charles_Maurras" title="Charles Maurras">Charles Maurras</a> foram todos excluídos por haverem se associado ao <a href="/wiki/Regime_de_Vichy" class="mw-redirect" title="Regime de Vichy">regime de Vichy</a>. Ao todo, foram vinte expulsões da Academia. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Funções"><span id="Fun.C3.A7.C3.B5es"></span>Funções</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar secção: Funções" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=4" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Funções"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>A Academia é a autoridade na França para regulamentar o uso, vocabulário e gramática do <a href="/wiki/L%C3%ADngua_francesa" title="Língua francesa">idioma francês</a>, embora suas decisões não tenham força de lei - e por vezes até as autoridades desconsideram suas decisões. É a Academia quem publica o dicionário oficial da língua francesa, conhecido como <i>Dictionnaire de l'Académie française</i>. Uma comissão especial - integrada por vários (não todos) acadêmicos - é encarregada da compilação deste mister. </p><p>A Academia já completou oito edições deste dicionário, publicados em <a href="/wiki/1694" title="1694">1694</a>, <a href="/wiki/1718" title="1718">1718</a>, <a href="/wiki/1740" title="1740">1740</a>, <a href="/wiki/1762" title="1762">1762</a>, <a href="/wiki/1798" title="1798">1798</a>, <a href="/wiki/1835" title="1835">1835</a>, <a href="/wiki/1878" title="1878">1878</a> e <a href="/wiki/1935" title="1935">1935</a>. A nona edição está sendo completada, tendo sido editados o primeiro volume (de <i>A</i> até <i>Enzima</i>) em <a href="/wiki/1998" title="1998">1998</a> e o segundo (de <i>Eoceno</i> a <i>Mapa-mundi</i>), em <a href="/wiki/2000" title="2000">2000</a>. </p> <ul><li>Em <a href="/wiki/1778" title="1778">1778</a>, a Academia tentou compilar um "dicionário histórico" do idioma francês, mas o trabalho teve de ser abandonado, pois nunca progrediu além da letra "A".</li></ul> <p>Com a influência constante do idioma inglês, a Academia tentou evitar o anglicismo de sua língua. Substituiu, assim, vocábulos (como <i>walkman</i> e <i>software</i>) por equivalentes em francês (<i>baladeur</i> e <i>logiciel</i>, respectivamente). Além disso, procurou modernizar a ortografia e pronúncia do idioma. Mas foi, por vezes, criticada por adotar posturas excessivamente conservadoras. Uma recente controvérsia envolveu a criação de equivalentes femininos para os nomes de várias profissões. Em <a href="/wiki/1997" title="1997">1997</a>, por exemplo, o governo de <a href="/wiki/Lionel_Jospin" title="Lionel Jospin">Lionel Jospin</a> defendeu o uso do pronome feminino antes da palavra "ministro" ("la ministre") para se referir ao "ministro do sexo feminino". Mas a Academia insistiu que fosse conservado o pronome masculino ("le ministre"), qualquer que fosse o gênero. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Membros_atuais">Membros atuais</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editar secção: Membros atuais" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=5" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Membros atuais"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Membros actuais da <i>Academia Francesa</i>: </p> <div> &#32; <table class="multicol" role="presentation" style="border-collapse: collapse; padding: 0; border: 0; background:transparent; color: inherit; width:100%;"><tbody><tr> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="50" align="center">Cadeira</th> <th width="175">Nome</th> <th width="50" align="center">Eleito(a) em </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">1</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_Dagens&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude Dagens (página não existe)">Claude Dagens</a></td> <td align="center">17 de abril de 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">2</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Dany_Laferri%C3%A8re" title="Dany Laferrière">Dany Laferrière</a></td> <td align="center">12 de dezembro de 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">3</td> <td><i>Vago</i></td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">4</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Marion" title="Jean-Luc Marion">Jean-Luc Marion</a></td> <td align="center">6 de novembro de 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">5</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andre%C3%AF_Makine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Andreï Makine (página não existe)">Andreï Makine</a></td> <td align="center">3 de março de 2016 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">6</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Christian_Jambet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Christian Jambet (página não existe)">Christian Jambet</a></td> <td align="center">8 de fevereiro de 2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">7</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jules_Hoffmann" title="Jules Hoffmann">Jules Hoffmann</a></td> <td align="center">1 de março de 2012 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">8</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Daniel_Rondeau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Daniel Rondeau (página não existe)">Daniel Rondeau</a></td> <td align="center">6 de junho de 2019 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">9</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Patrick_Grainville&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Patrick Grainville (página não existe)">Patrick Grainville</a></td> <td align="center">8 de março de 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">10</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Florence_Delay&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Florence Delay (página não existe)">Florence Delay</a></td> <td align="center">14 de dezembro de 2000 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">11</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel_de_Broglie&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel de Broglie (página não existe)">Gabriel de Broglie</a></td> <td align="center">22 de março de 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">12</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Chantal_Thomas" title="Chantal Thomas">Chantal Thomas</a></td> <td align="center">28 de janeiro de 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">13</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Maurizio_Serra&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Maurizio Serra (página não existe)">Maurizio Serra</a></td> <td align="center">9 de janeiro de 2020 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">14</td> <td><i>Vago</i></td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">15</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9ric_Vitoux&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Frédéric Vitoux (página não existe)">Frédéric Vitoux</a></td> <td align="center">13 de dezembro de 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">16</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Rapha%C3%ABl_Gaillard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Raphaël Gaillard (página não existe)">Raphaël Gaillard</a></td> <td align="center">25 de abril de 2024 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">17</td> <td><a href="/wiki/%C3%89rik_Orsenna" class="mw-redirect" title="Érik Orsenna">Érik Orsenna</a></td> <td align="center">28 de maio de 1998 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">18</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Mario_Vargas_Llosa" title="Mario Vargas Llosa">Mario Vargas Llosa</a></td> <td align="center">25 de novembro de 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">19</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sylviane_Agacinski&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Sylviane Agacinski (página não existe)">Sylviane Agacinski</a></td> <td align="center">1 de junho de 2023 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">20</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Angelo_Rinaldi&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Angelo Rinaldi (página não existe)">Angelo Rinaldi</a></td> <td align="center">21 de junho de 2001 </td></tr></tbody></table> <p>&#32; </p> </td> <td style="text-align: left; vertical-align: top;"> <table class="wikitable"> <tbody><tr> <th width="50" align="center">Cadeira</th> <th width="175">Nome</th> <th width="50" align="center">Eleito(a) em </th></tr> <tr> <td align="center">21</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Alain_Finkielkraut" title="Alain Finkielkraut">Alain Finkielkraut</a></td> <td align="center">10 de abril de 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">22</td> <td><i>Vago</i></td> <td align="center"> </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">23</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Rosenberg&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Rosenberg (página não existe)">Pierre Rosenberg</a></td> <td align="center">7 de dezembro de 1995 </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td align="center">24</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Sureau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Sureau (página não existe)">François Sureau</a></td> <td align="center">15 de outubro de 2020 </td></tr> <tr valign="top"> <td align="center">25</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominique_Fernandez&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominique Fernandez (página não existe)">Dominique Fernandez</a></td> <td align="center">8 de março de 2007 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">26</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Marie_Rouart&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Marie Rouart (página não existe)">Jean-Marie Rouart</a></td> <td align="center">18 de dezembro de 1997 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">27</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Nora" title="Pierre Nora">Pierre Nora</a></td> <td align="center">7 de junho de 2001 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">28</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean-Christophe_Rufin" title="Jean-Christophe Rufin">Jean-Christophe Rufin</a></td> <td align="center">19 de junho de 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">29</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Amin_Maalouf" title="Amin Maalouf">Amin Maalouf</a></td> <td align="center">23 de junho de 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">30</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dani%C3%A8le_Sallenave&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Danièle Sallenave (página não existe)">Danièle Sallenave</a></td> <td align="center">7 de abril de 2011 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">31</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michael_Edwards&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Michael Edwards (página não existe)">Michael Edwards</a></td> <td align="center">21 de fevereiro de 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">32</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pascal_Ory&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pascal Ory (página não existe)">Pascal Ory</a></td> <td align="center">4 de março de 2021 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">33</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Dominique_Bona&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Dominique Bona (página não existe)">Dominique Bona</a></td> <td align="center">18 de abril de 2013 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">34</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Cheng&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Cheng (página não existe)">François Cheng</a></td> <td align="center">13 de junho de 2002 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">35</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Antoine_Compagnon" title="Antoine Compagnon">Antoine Compagnon</a></td> <td align="center">17 de fevereiro 2022 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">36</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Barbara_Cassin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Barbara Cassin (página não existe)">Barbara Cassin</a></td> <td align="center">3 de maio de 2018 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">37</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel_Zink&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel Zink (página não existe)">Michel Zink</a></td> <td align="center">14 de dezembro de 2017 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">38</td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Lambron&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Lambron (página não existe)">Marc Lambron</a></td> <td align="center">26 de junho de 2014 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">39</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Jean_Clair" title="Jean Clair">Jean Clair</a></td> <td align="center">22 de maio de 2008 </td></tr> <tr> <td align="center">40</td> <td><a href="/wiki/Xavier_Darcos" title="Xavier Darcos">Xavier Darcos</a></td> <td align="center">13 de junho de 2013 </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ver_também"><span id="Ver_tamb.C3.A9m"></span>Ver também</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editar secção: Ver também" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=6" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ver também"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_membros_da_Academia_francesa" title="Lista de membros da Academia francesa">Lista de membros da Academia francesa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grande_pr%C3%A9mio_de_literatura_da_Academia_francesa" title="Grande prémio de literatura da Academia francesa">Grande prémio de literatura da Academia francesa</a></li></ul> <h2 id="Notas_e_referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Notas_e_refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Notas e referências</h2><h3 id="Notas" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso.">Notas</h3> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"></div> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: lower-alpha;"></div> <h3 id="Referências" style="cursor: help;" title="Esta seção foi configurada para não ser editável diretamente. Edite a página toda ou a seção anterior em vez disso."><span id="Refer.C3.AAncias"></span>Referências</h3> <div class="reflist" style="list-style-type: decimal;"><div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-dates-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-dates_1-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.académie-française.fr/linstitution-lhistoire/les-grandes-dates">Les grandes dates</a>, no site da Academia.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-2">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.infopedia.pt/$academia-francesa">Academia Francesa, Infopédia (Em linha).</a> Porto: Porto Editora, 2003-2014. (Consult. 2014-03-15).</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-3">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://aulete.uol.com.br/academia#ixzz2w1TGweDQ">academia</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20140315131037/http://aulete.uol.com.br/academia#ixzz2w1TGweDQ">Arquivado em</a> 15 de março de 2014, no <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>., iDicionário Aulete</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-4">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.google.com.br/books/edition/The_Pall_Mall_Budget/S7g_AQAAMAAJ?hl=pt-BR&amp;gbpv=1&amp;dq=%22Acad%C3%A9mie+Fran%C3%A7aise%22+%22immortals%22&amp;pg=RA10-PA18&amp;printsec=frontcover">«The World's Immortals»</a>. <i>Pall Mall Budget</i>. <b>XXXV</b> (954): 18. 1887<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 9 de abril de 2024</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AAcademia+Francesa&amp;rft.atitle=The+World%27s+Immortals&amp;rft.date=1887&amp;rft.genre=article&amp;rft.issue=954&amp;rft.jtitle=Pall+Mall+Budget&amp;rft.pages=18&amp;rft.volume=XXXV&amp;rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com.br%2Fbooks%2Fedition%2FThe_Pall_Mall_Budget%2FS7g_AQAAMAAJ%3Fhl%3Dpt-BR%26gbpv%3D1%26dq%3D%2522Acad%25C3%25A9mie%2BFran%25C3%25A7aise%2522%2B%2522immortals%2522%26pg%3DRA10-PA18%26printsec%3Dfrontcover&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-OHn-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><a href="#cite_ref-OHn_5-0">↑</a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.ordens.presidencia.pt/?idc=154">«Entidades Estrangeiras Agraciadas com Ordens Portuguesas»</a>. Resultado da busca de "Académie Française". Presidência da República Portuguesa<span class="reference-accessdate">. Consultado em 13 de fevereiro de 2020</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&amp;rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fpt.wikipedia.org%3AAcademia+Francesa&amp;rft.btitle=Entidades+Estrangeiras+Agraciadas+com+Ordens+Portuguesas&amp;rft.genre=unknown&amp;rft.pub=Presid%C3%AAncia+da+Rep%C3%BAblica+Portuguesa&amp;rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ordens.presidencia.pt%2F%3Fidc%3D154&amp;rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;">&#160;</span></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Ligações_externas"><span id="Liga.C3.A7.C3.B5es_externas"></span>Ligações externas</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;veaction=edit&amp;section=7" title="Editar secção: Ligações externas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>editar</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;section=7" title="Editar código-fonte da secção: Ligações externas"><span>editar código-fonte</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="noprint" style="clear: right; border: solid #aaa 1px; margin: 0 0 1em 1em; font-size: 90%; background: var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f9f9f9); color: inherit; width: 238px; padding: 5px; spacing: 0px; text-align: center; float: right;"> <div style="float: left; vertical-align:middle;"><figure class="mw-halign-none" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/22px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="22" height="30" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/33px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/44px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="margin-left: 30px; line-height:normal; vertical-align:middle;">O <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/P%C3%A1gina_principal" class="extiw" title="commons:Página principal">Commons</a> possui uma <i>categoria</i> com imagens e outros ficheiros sobre <b><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Acad%C3%A9mie_fran%C3%A7aise?uselang=pt">Academia Francesa</a></span></b></div> </div> <ul><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.academie-francaise.fr">A Academia Francesa</a> (site oficial em Francês)</li> <li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20051026115330/http://www.academie-francaise.fr/immortels/">Os imortais</a> (em Francês)</li></ul> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Membros_da_Academia_Francesa" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks collapsible collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div class="plainlinks hlist navbar mini"><ul><li class="nv-ver"><a href="/wiki/Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Academia_Francesa" title="Predefinição:Academia Francesa"><abbr title="Ver esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-discutir"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o_Discuss%C3%A3o:Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Predefinição Discussão:Academia Francesa (página não existe)"><abbr title="Discutir esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">d</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-editar"><a class="external text" href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Predefini%C3%A7%C3%A3o:Academia_Francesa&amp;action=edit"><abbr title="Editar esta predefinição" style=";;background:none transparent;border:none;-moz-box-shadow:none;-webkit-box-shadow:none;box-shadow:none; padding:0;">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Membros_da_Academia_Francesa" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Lista_de_membros_da_Academia_francesa" title="Lista de membros da Academia francesa">Membros da Academia Francesa</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cadeiras<br />1 a 10</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd style=&quot;font-size:100%;line-height:120%;&quot;" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">1:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_S%C3%A9guier" title="Pierre Séguier">Pierre Séguier</a> •</span> <p><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Bazin_de_Bezons" title="Claude Bazin de Bezons">Claude Bazin de Bezons</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Boileau" title="Nicolas Boileau">Nicolas Boileau</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_d%27Estr%C3%A9es" title="Jean d&#39;Estrées">Jean d'Estrées</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Marc-Ren%C3%A9_de_Voyer_de_Paulmy" title="Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy">Marc-René de Voyer de Paulmy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Joseph_Languet_de_Gergy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Joseph Languet de Gergy (página não existe)">Jean-Joseph Languet de Gergy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lix_Vicq_d%27Azir&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Félix Vicq d&#39;Azir (página não existe)">Félix Vicq d'Azir</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois-Urbain_Domergue&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François-Urbain Domergue (página não existe)">François-Urbain Domergue</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ange-Fran%C3%A7ois_Fariau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ange-François Fariau (página não existe)">Ange-François Fariau</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois-Auguste_Parseval-Grandmaison&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François-Auguste Parseval-Grandmaison (página não existe)">François-Auguste Parseval-Grandmaison</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Narcisse-Achille_de_Salvandy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Narcisse-Achille de Salvandy (página não existe)">Narcisse-Achille de Salvandy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Augier" title="Émile Augier">Émile Augier</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_de_Freycinet" title="Charles de Freycinet">Charles de Freycinet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Picard" class="mw-redirect" title="Émile Picard">Émile Picard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Broglie" title="Louis de Broglie">Louis-Victor de Broglie</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Debr%C3%A9" title="Michel Debré">Michel Debré</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Furet" title="François Furet">François Furet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_R%C3%A9mond" title="René Rémond">René Rémond</a></span><br /> 2:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Valentin_Conrart&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Valentin Conrart (página não existe)">Valentin Conrart</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Toussaint_Rose&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Toussaint Rose (página não existe)">Toussaint Rose</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_de_Sacy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis de Sacy (página não existe)">Louis de Sacy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Montesquieu" title="Montesquieu">Montesquieu</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_Vivien_de_Chateaubrun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste Vivien de Chateaubrun (página não existe)">Jean-Baptiste Vivien de Chateaubrun</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois-Jean_de_Chastellux&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François-Jean de Chastellux (página não existe)">François-Jean de Chastellux</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aimar-Charles-Marie_de_Nicola%C3%AF&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Aimar-Charles-Marie de Nicolaï (página não existe)">Aimar-Charles-Marie de Nicolaï</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas-Louis_Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Neufch%C3%A2teau" title="Nicolas-Louis François de Neufchâteau">Nicolas-Louis François de Neufchâteau</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Antoine_Lebrun&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Antoine Lebrun (página não existe)">Pierre-Antoine Lebrun</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Dumas,_filho" class="mw-redirect" title="Alexandre Dumas, filho">Alexandre Dumas</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Theuriet" title="André Theuriet">André Theuriet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Richepin" title="Jean Richepin">Jean Richepin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89mile_M%C3%A2le&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Émile Mâle (página não existe)">Émile Mâle</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Albert-Buisson&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Albert-Buisson (página não existe)">François Albert-Buisson</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marc_Boegner&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marc Boegner (página não existe)">Marc Boegner</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_de_Castries&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="René de Castries (página não existe)">René de Castries</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Frossard" title="André Frossard">André Frossard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=H%C3%A9ctor_Bianciotti&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Héctor Bianciotti (página não existe)">Héctor Bianciotti</a></span><br /> 3:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques_de_Serizay&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques de Serizay (página não existe)">Jacques de Serizay</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul-Philippe_de_Chaumont&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul-Philippe de Chaumont (página não existe)">Paul-Philippe de Chaumont</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Cousin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Cousin (página não existe)">Louis Cousin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jacques-Louis_de_Valon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jacques-Louis de Valon (página não existe)">Jacques-Louis de Valon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_G%C3%A9doyn&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Gédoyn (página não existe)">Nicolas Gédoyn</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois-Joachim_de_Pierre_de_Bernis" title="François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis">François-Joachim de Pierre de Bernis</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Roch-Ambroise_Cucurron_Sicard" title="Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard">Roch-Ambroise Cucurron Sicard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Denis-Luc_Frayssinous&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Denis-Luc Frayssinous (página não existe)">Denis-Luc Frayssinous</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne-Denis_Pasquier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Étienne-Denis Pasquier (página não existe)">Étienne-Denis Pasquier</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jules_Dufaure" title="Jules Dufaure">Jules Dufaure</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_Cherbuliez&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor Cherbuliez (página não existe)">Victor Cherbuliez</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89mile_Faguet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Émile Faguet (página não existe)">Émile Faguet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/George_Clemenceau" class="mw-redirect" title="George Clemenceau">George Clemenceau</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Chaumeix&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="André Chaumeix (página não existe)">André Chaumeix</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=J%C3%A9r%C3%B4me_Carcopino&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jérôme Carcopino (página não existe)">Jérôme Carcopino</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Roger_Caillois" title="Roger Caillois">Roger Caillois</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Marguerite_Yourcenar" title="Marguerite Yourcenar">Marguerite Yourcenar</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Denis_Bredin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Denis Bredin (página não existe)">Jean-Denis Bredin</a></span><br /> 4:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Desmarets_de_Saint-Sorlin" title="Jean Desmarets de Saint-Sorlin">Jean Desmarets de Saint-Sorlin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Jacques_de_Mesmes&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Jacques de Mesmes (página não existe)">Jean-Jacques de Mesmes</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Testu_de_Mauroy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Testu de Mauroy (página não existe)">Jean Testu de Mauroy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camille_le_Tellier_de_Louvois&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camille le Tellier de Louvois (página não existe)">Camille le Tellier de Louvois</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Massillon" title="Jean-Baptiste Massillon">Jean-Baptiste Massillon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis-Jules_Mancini-Mazarini&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini (página não existe)">Louis-Jules Mancini-Mazarini</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Gabriel-Marie_Legouv%C3%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Gabriel-Marie Legouvé (página não existe)">Gabriel-Marie Legouvé</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexandre-Vincent_Pineux_Duval&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexandre-Vincent Pineux Duval (página não existe)">Alexandre-Vincent Pineux Duval</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Simon_Ballanche" title="Pierre-Simon Ballanche">Pierre-Simon Ballanche</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Vatout&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Vatout (página não existe)">Jean Vatout</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alexis_Guignard_de_Saint-Priest&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alexis Guignard de Saint-Priest (página não existe)">Alexis Guignard de Saint-Priest</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Antoine_Berryer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Antoine Berryer (página não existe)">Pierre-Antoine Berryer</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Franz_de_Champagny&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Franz de Champagny (página não existe)">Franz de Champagny</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_de_Mazade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles de Mazade (página não existe)">Charles de Mazade</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jos%C3%A9-Maria_de_Heredia" class="mw-redirect" title="José-Maria de Heredia">José-Maria de Heredia</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_Barr%C3%A8s" title="Maurice Barrès">Maurice Barrès</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Bertrand" title="Louis Bertrand">Louis Bertrand</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Tharaud&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Tharaud (página não existe)">Jean Tharaud</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_Juin" title="Alphonse Juin">Alphonse Juin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Emmanuel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Emmanuel (página não existe)">Pierre Emmanuel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Hamburger&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Hamburger (página não existe)">Jean Hamburger</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Albert_Decourtray" title="Albert Decourtray">Albert Decourtray</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Marie_Lustiger" title="Jean-Marie Lustiger">Jean-Marie Lustiger</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Luc_Marion" title="Jean-Luc Marion">Jean-Luc Marion</a></span><br /> 5:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Ogier_de_Gombauld&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Ogier de Gombauld (página não existe)">Jean Ogier de Gombauld</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Tallemant_le_Jeune&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Tallemant le Jeune (página não existe)">Paul Tallemant le Jeune</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine_Danchet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine Danchet (página não existe)">Antoine Danchet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_Gresset&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste Gresset (página não existe)">Jean-Baptiste Gresset</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Claude-Fran%C3%A7ois-Xavier_Millot" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude-François-Xavier Millot">Claude-François-Xavier Millot</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Andr%C3%A9_Morellet" title="André Morellet">André Morellet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-%C3%89douard_Lemontey&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Édouard Lemontey (página não existe)">Pierre-Édouard Lemontey</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Joseph_Fourier" class="mw-redirect" title="Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier">Jean-Baptiste Joseph Fourier</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Victor_Cousin" title="Victor Cousin">Victor Cousin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jules_Favre" title="Jules Favre">Jules Favre</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmond_Rousse&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmond Rousse (página não existe)">Edmond Rousse</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_de_S%C3%A9gur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre de Ségur (página não existe)">Pierre de Ségur</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_de_Flers&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert de Flers (página não existe)">Robert de Flers</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Madelin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Madelin (página não existe)">Louis Madelin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Robert_Kemp&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Robert Kemp (página não existe)">Robert Kemp</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ren%C3%A9_Huyghe&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="René Huyghe (página não existe)">René Huyghe</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_Vedel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges Vedel (página não existe)">Georges Vedel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Assia_Djebar" title="Assia Djebar">Assia Djebar</a></span><br /> 6:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Le_M%C3%A9tel_de_Boisrobert&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Le Métel de Boisrobert (página não existe)">François Le Métel de Boisrobert</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Renaud_de_Segrais&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Renaud de Segrais (página não existe)">Jean Renaud de Segrais</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Galbert_de_Campistron&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Galbert de Campistron (página não existe)">Jean Galbert de Campistron</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe_N%C3%A9ricault_Destouches&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe Néricault Destouches (página não existe)">Philippe Néricault Destouches</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Louis_de_Boissy" title="Louis de Boissy">Louis de Boissy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_de_Lacurne_de_Sainte-Palaye&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste de Lacurne de Sainte-Palaye (página não existe)">Jean-Baptiste de Lacurne de Sainte-Palaye</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Chamfort" title="Nicolas Chamfort">Nicolas Chamfort</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Louis_Roederer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Louis Roederer (página não existe)">Pierre-Louis Roederer</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Marc-Gaston_de_L%C3%A9vis" title="Pierre-Marc-Gaston de Lévis">Pierre-Marc-Gaston de Lévis</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe-Paul_de_S%C3%A9gur&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe-Paul de Ségur (página não existe)">Philippe-Paul de Ségur</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_de_Viel-Castel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles de Viel-Castel (página não existe)">Charles de Viel-Castel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edmond_Jurien_de_La_Gravi%C3%A8re&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Edmond Jurien de La Gravière (página não existe)">Edmond Jurien de La Gravière</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ernest_Lavisse" title="Ernest Lavisse">Ernest Lavisse</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Georges_de_Porto-Riche&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Georges de Porto-Riche (página não existe)">Georges de Porto-Riche</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Benoit&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Benoit (página não existe)">Pierre Benoit</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Paulhan" title="Jean Paulhan">Jean Paulhan</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Ionesco" title="Eugène Ionesco">Eugène Ionesco</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Marc_Fumaroli" title="Marc Fumaroli">Marc Fumaroli</a></span><br /> 7:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Chapelain&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Chapelain (página não existe)">Jean Chapelain</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Isaac_de_Benserade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Isaac de Benserade (página não existe)">Isaac de Benserade</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%C3%89tienne_Pavillon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Étienne Pavillon (página não existe)">Étienne Pavillon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fabio_Brulart_de_Sillery&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Fabio Brulart de Sillery (página não existe)">Fabio Brulart de Sillery</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_Jacques_Nompar_de_Caumont&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri Jacques Nompar de Caumont (página não existe)">Henri Jacques Nompar de Caumont</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Baptiste_de_Mirabaud&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Baptiste de Mirabaud (página não existe)">Jean-Baptiste de Mirabaud</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude-Henri_Watelet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude-Henri Watelet (página não existe)">Claude-Henri Watelet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel-Jean_Sedaine&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel-Jean Sedaine (página não existe)">Michel-Jean Sedaine</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Collin_d%27Harleville&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-François Collin d&#39;Harleville (página não existe)">Jean-François Collin d'Harleville</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Daru&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Daru (página não existe)">Pierre Daru</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alphonse_de_Lamartine" title="Alphonse de Lamartine">Alphonse de Lamartine</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Ollivier" title="Émile Ollivier">Émile Ollivier</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Bergson" title="Henri Bergson">Henri Bergson</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Edouard_Le_Roy&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Edouard Le Roy (página não existe)">Edouard Le Roy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henri_Petiot" class="mw-redirect" title="Henri Petiot">Henri Petiot</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Henri_Simon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Henri Simon (página não existe)">Pierre-Henri Simon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9_Roussin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="André Roussin (página não existe)">André Roussin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacqueline_de_Romilly" title="Jacqueline de Romilly">Jacqueline de Romilly</a></span><br /> 8:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_de_Malleville&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude de Malleville (página não existe)">Claude de Malleville</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Ballesdens&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Ballesdens (página não existe)">Jean Ballesdens</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/G%C3%A9raud_de_Cordemoy" title="Géraud de Cordemoy">Géraud de Cordemoy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Louis_Bergeret&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Louis Bergeret (página não existe)">Jean-Louis Bergeret</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles-Ir%C3%A9n%C3%A9e_Castel_de_Saint-Pierre" title="Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre">Charles-Irénée Castel de Saint-Pierre</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Louis_Moreau_de_Maupertuis" title="Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis">Pierre Louis Moreau de Maupertuis</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Jacques_Lefranc&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Jacques Lefranc (página não existe)">Jean-Jacques Lefranc</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Sifrein_Maury&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Sifrein Maury (página não existe)">Jean-Sifrein Maury</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Michel-Louis-%C3%89tienne_Regnaud_de_Saint-Jean_d%27Ang%C3%A9ly&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Michel-Louis-Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d&#39;Angély (página não existe)">Michel-Louis-Étienne Regnaud de Saint-Jean d'Angély</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre_Simon_Laplace" class="mw-redirect" title="Pierre Simon Laplace">Pierre Simon Laplace</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre-Paul_Royer-Collard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre-Paul Royer-Collard (página não existe)">Pierre-Paul Royer-Collard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_de_R%C3%A9musat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles de Rémusat (página não existe)">Charles de Rémusat</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jules_Simon" title="Jules Simon">Jules Simon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Albert_de_Mun" class="mw-redirect" title="Albert de Mun">Albert de Mun</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_Baudrillart" title="Alfred Baudrillart">Alfred Baudrillart</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Octave_Aubry&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Octave Aubry (página não existe)">Octave Aubry</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89douard_Herriot" title="Édouard Herriot">Édouard Herriot</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Rostand" title="Jean Rostand">Jean Rostand</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Michel_D%C3%A9on" title="Michel Déon">Michel Déon</a></span><br /> 9:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas_Faret&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas Faret (página não existe)">Nicolas Faret</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_du_Ryer&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre du Ryer (página não existe)">Pierre du Ryer</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/C%C3%A9sar_d%27Estr%C3%A9es" title="César d&#39;Estrées">César d'Estrées</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_Marie_d%27Estr%C3%A9es&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor Marie d&#39;Estrées (página não existe)">Victor Marie d'Estrées</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Armand_Ren%C3%A9_de_La_Tr%C3%A9moille&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Armand René de La Trémoille (página não existe)">Charles Armand René de La Trémoille</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Armand_de_Rohan-Soubise&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Armand de Rohan-Soubise (página não existe)">Armand de Rohan-Soubise</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Antoine_de_Malvin_de_Montazet" title="Antoine de Malvin de Montazet">Antoine de Malvin de Montazet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Stanislas_de_Boufflers&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Stanislas de Boufflers (página não existe)">Stanislas de Boufflers</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Baour-Lormian&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Baour-Lormian (página não existe)">Pierre Baour-Lormian</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Ponsard" title="François Ponsard">François Ponsard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Autran" title="Joseph Autran">Joseph Autran</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Victorien_Sardou" title="Victorien Sardou">Victorien Sardou</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marcel_Pr%C3%A9vost&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marcel Prévost (página não existe)">Marcel Prévost</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/%C3%89mile_Henriot" title="Émile Henriot">Émile Henriot</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Gu%C3%A9henno" title="Jean Guéhenno">Jean Guéhenno</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Alain_Decaux&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Alain Decaux (página não existe)">Alain Decaux</a></span><br /> 10:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine_Godeau&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine Godeau (página não existe)">Antoine Godeau</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Esprit_Fl%C3%A9chier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Esprit Fléchier (página não existe)">Esprit Fléchier</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri_de_Nesmond&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri de Nesmond (página não existe)">Henri de Nesmond</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Jacques_Amelot_de_Chaillou&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-Jacques Amelot de Chaillou (página não existe)">Jean-Jacques Amelot de Chaillou</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles-Louis-Auguste_Fouquet_de_Belle-Isle&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles-Louis-Auguste Fouquet de Belle-Isle (página não existe)">Charles-Louis-Auguste Fouquet de Belle-Isle</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nicolas-Charles-Joseph_Trublet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Nicolas-Charles-Joseph Trublet (página não existe)">Nicolas-Charles-Joseph Trublet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Saint-Lambert" title="Jean-François de Saint-Lambert">Jean-François de Saint-Lambert</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Hugues-Bernard_Maret" class="mw-redirect" title="Hugues-Bernard Maret">Hugues-Bernard Maret</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Lain%C3%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Lainé (página não existe)">Joseph Lainé</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Louis_Emmanuel_Mercier_Dupaty&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Louis Emmanuel Mercier Dupaty (página não existe)">Louis Emmanuel Mercier Dupaty</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alfred_de_Musset" title="Alfred de Musset">Alfred de Musset</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Victor_de_Laprade&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Victor de Laprade (página não existe)">Victor de Laprade</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Copp%C3%A9e&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Coppée (página não existe)">François Coppée</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Aicard" title="Jean Aicard">Jean Aicard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Camille_Jullian" title="Camille Jullian">Camille Jullian</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=L%C3%A9on_B%C3%A9rard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Léon Bérard (página não existe)">Léon Bérard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Guitton" title="Jean Guitton">Jean Guitton</a> •</span> </p> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Florence_Delay&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Florence Delay (página não existe)">Florence Delay</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cadeiras<br />11 a 20</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even style=&quot;font-size:100%;line-height:120%;&quot;" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">11:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Philippe_Habert&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Philippe Habert (página não existe)">Philippe Habert</a></span><br /> <p>12:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Germain_Habert&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Germain Habert (página não existe)">Germain Habert</a></span><br /> 13:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Claude-Gaspard_Bachet_de_M%C3%A9ziriac" class="mw-redirect" title="Claude-Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac">Claude-Gaspard Bachet de Méziriac</a></span><br /> 14:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_Maynard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François Maynard (página não existe)">François Maynard</a></span><br /> 15:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Bautru&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillaume Bautru (página não existe)">Guillaume Bautru</a></span><br /> 16:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Sirmond&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Sirmond (página não existe)">Jean Sirmond</a></span><br /> 17:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Cauvigny_de_Colomby&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François de Cauvigny de Colomby (página não existe)">François de Cauvigny de Colomby</a></span><br /> 18:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Baudoin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Baudoin (página não existe)">Jean Baudoin</a></span><br /> 19:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Fran%C3%A7ois_de_Porch%C3%A8res_d%27Arbaud&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="François de Porchères d&#39;Arbaud (página não existe)">François de Porchères d'Arbaud</a></span><br /> </p> 20:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Hay_du_Chastelet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Hay du Chastelet (página não existe)">Paul Hay du Chastelet</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cadeiras<br />21 a 30</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd style=&quot;font-size:100%;line-height:120%;&quot;" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">21:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marin_Le_Roy_de_Gomberville&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marin Le Roy de Gomberville (página não existe)">Marin Le Roy de Gomberville</a></span><br /> <p>22:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine_G%C3%A9rard_de_Saint-Amant&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine Gérard de Saint-Amant (página não existe)">Antoine Gérard de Saint-Amant</a></span><br /> 23:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Guillaume_Colletet&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Guillaume Colletet (página não existe)">Guillaume Colletet</a></span><br /> 24:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean_Silhon&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean Silhon (página não existe)">Jean Silhon</a></span><br /> 25:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Claude_de_L%27Estoile&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Claude de L&#39;Estoile (página não existe)">Claude de L'Estoile</a></span><br /> 26:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Amable_de_Bourzeis&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Amable de Bourzeis (página não existe)">Amable de Bourzeis</a></span><br /> 27:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Abel_Servien" title="Abel Servien">Abel Servien</a></span><br /> 28:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Louis_Guez_de_Balzac" title="Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac">Jean-Louis Guez de Balzac</a></span><br /> 29:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_Bardin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre Bardin (página não existe)">Pierre Bardin</a></span><br /> </p> 30:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honorat_de_Bueil&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Honorat de Bueil (página não existe)">Honorat de Bueil</a></span></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Cadeiras<br />31 a 40</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even style=&quot;font-size:100%;line-height:120%;&quot;" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em">31:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_de_Boissat&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre de Boissat (página não existe)">Pierre de Boissat</a></span><br /> <p>32:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Favre_de_Vaugelas" title="Claude Favre de Vaugelas">Claude Favre de Vaugelas</a></span><br /> 33:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Vincent_Voiture" title="Vincent Voiture">Vincent Voiture</a></span><br /> 34:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Honorat_de_Porch%C3%A8res_Laugier&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Honorat de Porchères Laugier (página não existe)">Honorat de Porchères Laugier</a></span><br /> 35:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Henri-Louis_Habert_de_Montmort&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Henri-Louis Habert de Montmort (página não existe)">Henri-Louis Habert de Montmort</a></span><br /> 36:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Marin_Cureau_de_la_Chambre&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Marin Cureau de la Chambre (página não existe)">Marin Cureau de la Chambre</a></span><br /> 37:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_Hay_du_Chastelet_de_Chambon" title="Daniel Hay du Chastelet de Chambon">Daniel Hay du Chastelet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacques-B%C3%A9nigne_Bossuet" title="Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet">Jacques-Bénigne Bossuet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Melchior_de_Polignac" title="Melchior de Polignac">Melchior de Polignac</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Joseph_Giry_de_Saint_Cyr&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Joseph Giry de Saint Cyr (página não existe)">Joseph Giry de Saint Cyr</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles_Batteux" title="Charles Batteux">Charles Batteux</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Antoine-Marin_Lemierre&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Antoine-Marin Lemierre (página não existe)">Antoine-Marin Lemierre</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=F%C3%A9lix_Julien_Jean_Bigot_de_Pr%C3%A9ameneu&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Félix Julien Jean Bigot de Préameneu (página não existe)">Félix Julien Jean Bigot de Préameneu</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Mathieu_de_Montmorency-Laval&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Mathieu de Montmorency-Laval (página não existe)">Mathieu de Montmorency-Laval</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Alexandre_Guiraud" title="Alexandre Guiraud">Alexandre Guiraud</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Jacques_Amp%C3%A8re" title="Jean-Jacques Ampère">Jean-Jacques Ampère</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Lucien-Anatole_Pr%C3%A9vost-Paradol&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Lucien-Anatole Prévost-Paradol (página não existe)">Lucien-Anatole Prévost-Paradol</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Camille_Rousset&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Camille Rousset (página não existe)">Camille Rousset</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Paul_Thureau-Dangin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Paul Thureau-Dangin (página não existe)">Paul Thureau-Dangin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pierre_de_La_Gorce&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Pierre de La Gorce (página não existe)">Pierre de La Gorce</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Maurice_de_Broglie" title="Maurice de Broglie">Maurice de Broglie</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Eug%C3%A8ne_Tisserant" title="Eugène Tisserant">Eugène Tisserant</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Dani%C3%A9lou" title="Jean Daniélou">Jean Daniélou</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Ambroise-Marie_Carr%C3%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Ambroise-Marie Carré (página não existe)">Ambroise-Marie Carré</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Ren%C3%A9_Girard" title="René Girard">René Girard</a> </span><br /> 38:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Auger_de_Mol%C3%A9on_de_Granier" title="Auger de Moléon de Granier">Auger de Moléon de Granier</a></span><br /> 39:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Louis_Giry" title="Louis Giry">Louis Giry</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Claude_Boyer" title="Claude Boyer">Claude Boyer</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Charles-Claude_Genest" title="Charles-Claude Genest">Charles-Claude Genest</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Dubos" title="Jean-Baptiste Dubos">Jean-Baptiste Dubos</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_du_Bellay_du_Resnel&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Jean-François du Bellay du Resnel (página não existe)">Jean-François du Bellay du Resnel</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bernard-Joseph_Saurin&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bernard-Joseph Saurin (página não existe)">Bernard-Joseph Saurin</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Marie-Jean-Antoine_Nicolas_de_Caritat_de_Condorcet" class="mw-redirect" title="Marie-Jean-Antoine Nicolas de Caritat de Condorcet">Marie-Jean-Antoine Nicolas de Caritat de Condorcet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=No%C3%ABl-Gabriel-Luce_Villar&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Noël-Gabriel-Luce Villar (página não existe)">Noël-Gabriel-Luce Villar</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles-Marie_de_F%C3%A9letz&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles-Marie de Féletz (página não existe)">Charles-Marie de Féletz</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=D%C3%A9sir%C3%A9_Nisard&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Désiré Nisard (página não existe)">Désiré Nisard</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Eug%C3%A8ne-Melchior_de_Vog%C3%BC%C3%A9&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé (página não existe)">Eugène-Melchior de Vogüé</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Henri_de_R%C3%A9gnier" title="Henri de Régnier">Henri de Régnier</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_de_Lacretelle" title="Jacques de Lacretelle">Jacques de Lacretelle</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Bertrand_Poirot-Delpech&amp;action=edit&amp;redlink=1" class="new" title="Bertrand Poirot-Delpech (página não existe)">Bertrand Poirot-Delpech</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean_Clair" title="Jean Clair">Jean Clair</a></span><br /> 40:<span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Daniel_de_Pri%C3%A9zac" title="Daniel de Priézac">Daniel de Priézac</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Michel_Le_Clerc" title="Michel Le Clerc">Michel Le Clerc</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_de_Tourreil" title="Jacques de Tourreil">Jacques de Tourreil</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Roland_Mallet" title="Jean-Roland Mallet">Jean-Roland Mallet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Boyer" title="Jean-François Boyer">Jean-François Boyer</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Nicolas_Thyrel_de_Boismont" title="Nicolas Thyrel de Boismont">Nicolas Thyrel de Boismont</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Claude-Carloman_de_Rulhi%C3%A8re" title="Claude-Carloman de Rulhière">Claude-Carloman de Rulhière</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Jean-Georges_Cabanis" title="Pierre-Jean-Georges Cabanis">Pierre-Jean-Georges Cabanis</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Destutt_de_Tracy" title="Destutt de Tracy">Destutt de Tracy</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Fran%C3%A7ois_Guizot" title="François Guizot">François Guizot</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jean-Baptiste_Dumas" title="Jean-Baptiste Dumas">Jean-Baptiste Dumas</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Joseph_Bertrand" title="Joseph Bertrand">Joseph Bertrand</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Marcellin_Berthelot" title="Marcellin Berthelot">Marcellin Berthelot</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Francis_Charmes" title="Francis Charmes">Francis Charmes</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jules_Cambon" title="Jules Cambon">Jules Cambon</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Lucien_Lacaze" title="Lucien Lacaze">Lucien Lacaze</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Jacques_Chastenet" title="Jacques Chastenet">Jacques Chastenet</a> •</span> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Georges_Dum%C3%A9zil" title="Georges Dumézil">Georges Dumézil</a> •</span> </p> <span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Pierre-Jean_R%C3%A9my" title="Pierre-Jean Rémy">Pierre-Jean Rémy</a></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Controle_de_autoridade" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th id="Controle_de_autoridade" scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;width: 12%; text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Ajuda:Controle_de_autoridade" title="Ajuda:Controle de autoridade">Controle de autoridade</a></th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd plainlinks" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Wikidata:Main_Page" title="Wikidata"><img alt="Wd" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/20px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="11" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/30px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/Wikidata-logo.svg/40px-Wikidata-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1050" data-file-height="590" /></a></span>: <span class="uid"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161806" class="extiw" title="wikidata:Q161806">Q161806</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"> <span><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/126246242">WorldCat</a></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Base_Virtual_Internacional_de_Autoridade" title="Base Virtual Internacional de Autoridade">VIAF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/126246242/">126246242</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Apost%C3%B3lica_Vaticana" title="Biblioteca Apostólica Vaticana">BAV</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/*/https://viaf.org/processed/BAV%7CADV12647515">ADV12647515</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Bibsys" title="Bibsys">BIBSYS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://authority.bibsys.no/authority/rest/authorities/html/90576251">90576251</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Museu_Brit%C3%A2nico" title="Museu Britânico">BMT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britishmuseum.org/collection/term/BIOG140559">140559</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Espanha" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Espanha">BNE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://datos.bne.es/resource/XX143578">XX143578</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Fran%C3%A7a" title="Biblioteca Nacional da França">BNF</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11872851q">11872851q</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Grande_Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Sovi%C3%A9tica" title="Grande Enciclopédia Soviética">BRE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://old.bigenc.ru/text/4722527">4722527</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/CiNii" title="CiNii">CiNii</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ci.nii.ac.jp/author/DA02016996">DA02016996</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Comit%C3%A9_des_travaux_historiques_et_scientifiques" title="Comité des travaux historiques et scientifiques">CTHS</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://cths.fr/an/societe.php?id=2789">2789</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Dialnet" title="Dialnet">Dialnet</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dialnet.unirioja.es/servlet/autor?codigo=4489264">4489264</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Universidade_de_Oxford" title="Universidade de Oxford">E-Enlightment</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://dx.doi.org/10.13051/ee:bio/academiefr000024">academiefr000024</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Encyclop%C3%A6dia_Britannica" title="Encyclopædia Britannica">EBID</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/topic/French-Academy">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Gemeinsame_Normdatei" title="Gemeinsame Normdatei">GND</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/1022924-3">1022924-3</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Istituto_centrale_per_il_catalogo_unico_delle_biblioteche_italiane_e_per_le_informazioni_bibliografiche" title="Istituto centrale per il catalogo unico delle biblioteche italiane e per le informazioni bibliografiche">ICCU</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opac.sbn.it/risultati-autori/-/opac-autori/detail/IEIV013678?core=autoriall">IEIV013678</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Name_Identifier" title="International Standard Name Identifier">ISNI</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://isni.org/isni/0000000121083851">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/N%C3%BAmero_de_controle_da_Biblioteca_do_Congresso" title="Número de controle da Biblioteca do Congresso">LCCN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/n50052672">n50052672</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/series/91de43ec-091f-48eb-938c-8bf2b6fda270">ID</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Austr%C3%A1lia" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Austrália">NLA</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://librariesaustralia.nla.gov.au/search/display?dbid=auth&amp;id=36513562">36513562</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_da_Gr%C3%A9cia" class="mw-redirect" title="Biblioteca Nacional da Grécia">NLG</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://koha.nlg.gr/cgi-bin/koha/opac-authoritiesdetail.pl?marc=1&amp;authid=114669">114669</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/NUKAT" class="extiw" title="pl:NUKAT">NUKAT</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a class="external text" href="https://wikidata-externalid-url.toolforge.org/?p=1207&amp;url_prefix=http://nukat.edu.pl/aut/&amp;id=n02010979">n02010979</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/OpenCorporates" title="OpenCorporates">OpenCorporates</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://opencorporates.com/companies/fr/130023138">130023138</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Sistema_Universit%C3%A1rio_de_Documenta%C3%A7%C3%A3o" title="Sistema Universitário de Documentação">SUDOC</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027259056">027259056</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Enciclop%C3%A9dia_Treccani" title="Enciclopédia Treccani">Treccani</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/academie-francaise">academie-francaise</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_do_Brasil" title="Biblioteca Nacional do Brasil">BNB</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://acervo.bn.gov.br/sophia_web/autoridade/detalhe/000591682">000591682</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Biblioteca_Nacional_de_Portugal" title="Biblioteca Nacional de Portugal">PTBNP</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.bnportugal.gov.pt/aut/catbnp/394616">394616</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Union_List_of_Artist_Names" title="Union List of Artist Names">ULAN</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.getty.edu/vow/ULANFullDisplay?find=&amp;role=&amp;nation=&amp;subjectid=500310041">500310041</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="/wiki/Open_Library" title="Open Library">OL</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://openlibrary.org/works/OL3532210A?mode=all">OL3532210A</a></span></span></span></li> <li><span style="white-space:nowrap;"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q56557486" class="extiw" title="d:Q56557486">Catálogo SHARE</a>: <span class="uid"><span class="plainlinks"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogo.share-cat.unina.it/sharecat/searchNames?n_cluster_id=384310">384310</a></span></span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <ul class="noprint navigation-box" style="border-top: solid silver 1px; border-right: solid silver 1px; border-bottom:1px solid silver; border-left: solid silver 1px; padding:3px; background-color: #F9F9F9; text-align: center; margin-top:10px; margin-left: 0; clear: both;"><li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:FreeCiv_B.great_library.png" title="Portal da literatura"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FreeCiv_B.great_library.png/25px-FreeCiv_B.great_library.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d0/FreeCiv_B.great_library.png/38px-FreeCiv_B.great_library.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d0/FreeCiv_B.great_library.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="34" /></a></span></span> <span style="font-weight:bold"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Literatura" title="Portal:Literatura">Portal da literatura</a></span></span></li> <li style="display: inline;"><span style="white-space: nowrap; margin: auto 1.5em"><span style="margin-right: 0.5em"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Ficheiro:Flag_of_France.svg" title="Portal da França"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c3/Flag_of_France.svg/25px-Flag_of_France.svg.png" decoding="async" width="25" height="17" class="mw-file-element" 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