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mw-list-item"><a href="https://donate.wikimedia.org/?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=spontaneous&uselang=zh-hant"><span>資助維基百科</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E5%88%9B%E5%BB%BA%E8%B4%A6%E6%88%B7&returnto=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-mo" title="我們建議您建立賬號並登入，但並非必要"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>建立帳號</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:%E7%94%A8%E6%88%B7%E7%99%BB%E5%BD%95&returnto=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&returntoquery=variant%3Dzh-mo" title="建議您登入，儘管並非必須。[o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>登入</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 用於已登出編輯者的頁面 <a href="/wiki/Help:%E6%96%B0%E6%89%8B%E5%85%A5%E9%96%80" aria-label="了解更多有關編輯"><span>了解更多</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%B4%A1%E7%8C%AE" title="由此 IP 位址編輯的清單[y]" accesskey="y"><span>貢獻</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E6%88%91%E7%9A%84%E8%AE%A8%E8%AE%BA%E9%A1%B5" title="對於來自此IP地址編輯的討論[n]" accesskey="n"><span>討論</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="站台"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="目次" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">目次</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">序言</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-目的与特性" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#目的与特性"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>目的與特性</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-目的与特性-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-域名历史" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#域名历史"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>域名歷史</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-域名历史-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-域名层次" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#域名层次"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>域名層次</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-域名层次-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換域名層次子章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-域名层次-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-域名语法" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#域名语法"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>域名語法</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-域名语法-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-顶级域" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#顶级域"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>頂級域</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-顶级域-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-子域名" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#子域名"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>子域名</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-子域名-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-国际化域名" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#国际化域名"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>國際化域名</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-国际化域名-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-域名注册" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#域名注册"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>域名註冊</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-域名注册-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-域名解析" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#域名解析"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>域名解析</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-域名解析-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-衍生文化" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#衍生文化"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>衍生文化</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-衍生文化-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>切換衍生文化子章節</span> </button> <ul id="toc-衍生文化-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-混淆与误读" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#混淆与误读"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>混淆與誤讀</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-混淆与误读-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-虚构域名" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#虚构域名"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.2</span> <span>虛構域名</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-虚构域名-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-商业模式" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#商业模式"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.3</span> <span>商業模式</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-商业模式-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-域名抢注" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#域名抢注"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.4</span> <span>域名搶註</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-域名抢注-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-滥用权利" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#滥用权利"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.5</span> <span>濫用權利</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-滥用权利-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-参考来源" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#参考来源"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>參考來源</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-参考来源-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="目次" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="切換目次" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">切換目次</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"><span class="mw-page-title-main">域名</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="前往別種語言的條目。有 82 種語言可用" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-82" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">82 種語言</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%A4ne_(Internet)" title="Domäne (Internet) – 德文（瑞士）" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Domäne (Internet)" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="德文（瑞士）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%B7%D8%A7%D9%82_(%D8%A5%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA)" title="نطاق (إنترنت) – 阿拉伯文" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نطاق (إنترنت)" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85_%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AF%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86" title="اسم الدومين – 埃及阿拉伯文" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اسم الدومين" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="埃及阿拉伯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominiu_d%27Internet" title="Dominiu d'Internet – 阿斯圖里亞文" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Dominiu d'Internet" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="阿斯圖里亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domen_ad%C4%B1" title="Domen adı – 亞塞拜然文" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Domen adı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="亞塞拜然文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Даменнае імя – 白俄羅斯文" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Даменнае імя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="白俄羅斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%B0%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B0%D0%B5_%D1%96%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Дамэннае імя – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Дамэннае імя" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bew mw-list-item"><a href="https://bew.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nama_rungkun" title="Nama rungkun – 貝塔維文" lang="bew" hreflang="bew" data-title="Nama rungkun" data-language-autonym="Betawi" data-language-local-name="貝塔維文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Betawi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%B9%D0%BD" title="Домейн – 保加利亞文" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Домейн" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="保加利亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%A1%E0%A7%8B%E0%A6%AE%E0%A7%87%E0%A6%87%E0%A6%A8_%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="ডোমেইন নাম – 孟加拉文" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="ডোমেইন নাম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="孟加拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anv_domani" title="Anv domani – 布列塔尼文" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Anv domani" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="布列塔尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetska_domena" title="Internetska domena – 波士尼亞文" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Internetska domena" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="波士尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domini_d%27Internet" title="Domini d'Internet – 加泰蘭文" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Domini d'Internet" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="加泰蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%88%DB%8C_%D9%BE%D8%A7%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%86" title="ناوی پاوان – 中庫德文" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ناوی پاوان" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="中庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-crh mw-list-item"><a href="https://crh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%B0nternet_domeni" title="İnternet domeni – 土耳其文（克里米亞半島）" lang="crh" hreflang="crh" data-title="İnternet domeni" data-language-autonym="Qırımtatarca" data-language-local-name="土耳其文（克里米亞半島）" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qırımtatarca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetov%C3%A1_dom%C3%A9na" title="Internetová doména – 捷克文" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Internetová doména" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="捷克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetdom%C3%A6ne" title="Internetdomæne – 丹麥文" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Internetdomæne" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="丹麥文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_(Internet)" title="Domain (Internet) – 德文" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Domain (Internet)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-diq mw-list-item"><a href="https://diq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain" title="Domain – Zazaki" lang="diq" hreflang="diq" data-title="Domain" data-language-autonym="Zazaki" data-language-local-name="Zazaki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Zazaki</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%8C%CE%BD%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%B1_%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%BC%CE%AD%CE%B1" title="Όνομα τομέα – 希臘文" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Όνομα τομέα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="希臘文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name – 英文" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Domain name" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="英文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domajna_nomo" title="Domajna nomo – 世界文" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Domajna nomo" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="世界文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominio_de_internet" title="Dominio de internet – 西班牙文" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Dominio de internet" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="西班牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeeninimi" title="Domeeninimi – 愛沙尼亞文" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Domeeninimi" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="愛沙尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interneteko_domeinu" title="Interneteko domeinu – 巴斯克文" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Interneteko domeinu" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="巴斯克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domi%C3%B1u_Internet" title="Domiñu Internet – 埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Domiñu Internet" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="埃斯特雷馬杜拉文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%AF%D8%A7%D9%85%D9%86%D9%87_%D8%A7%DB%8C%D9%86%D8%AA%D8%B1%D9%86%D8%AA%DB%8C" title="دامنه اینترنتی – 波斯文" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="دامنه اینترنتی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="波斯文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain-nimi" title="Domain-nimi – 芬蘭文" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Domain-nimi" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="芬蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fo mw-list-item"><a href="https://fo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%98kisnavn" title="Økisnavn – 法羅文" lang="fo" hreflang="fo" data-title="Økisnavn" data-language-autonym="Føroyskt" data-language-local-name="法羅文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Føroyskt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nom_de_domaine" title="Nom de domaine – 法文" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Nom de domaine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="法文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeinnamme" title="Domeinnamme – 西弗里西亞文" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Domeinnamme" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="西弗里西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ainmneacha_fearainn" title="Ainmneacha fearainn – 愛爾蘭文" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Ainmneacha fearainn" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="愛爾蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominio_de_Internet" title="Dominio de Internet – 加利西亞文" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Dominio de Internet" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="加利西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A9%D7%9D_%D7%AA%D7%97%D7%95%D7%9D" title="שם תחום – 希伯來文" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="שם תחום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="希伯來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AE" title="डोमेन नाम – 印地文" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="डोमेन नाम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="印地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tartom%C3%A1nyn%C3%A9v" title="Tartománynév – 匈牙利文" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Tartománynév" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="匈牙利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B4%D5%B8%D5%B4%D5%A5%D5%B5%D5%B6%D5%A1%D5%B5%D5%AB%D5%B6_%D5%A1%D5%B6%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B6" title="Դոմեյնային անուն – 亞美尼亞文" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Դոմեյնային անուն" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="亞美尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nama_domain" title="Nama domain – 印尼文" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Nama domain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="印尼文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeno-nomo" title="Domeno-nomo – 伊多文" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Domeno-nomo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="伊多文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/L%C3%A9n_(t%C3%B6lvunarfr%C3%A6%C3%B0i)" title="Lén (tölvunarfræði) – 冰島文" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Lén (tölvunarfræði)" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="冰島文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nome_di_dominio" title="Nome di dominio – 義大利文" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Nome di dominio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="義大利文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%89%E3%83%A1%E3%82%A4%E3%83%B3%E5%90%8D" title="ドメイン名 – 日文" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="ドメイン名" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="日文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%A1%E1%83%90%E1%83%AE%E1%83%94%E1%83%9A%E1%83%98" title="დომენური სახელი – 喬治亞文" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="დომენური სახელი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="喬治亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%8F%84%EB%A9%94%EC%9D%B8_%EB%84%A4%EC%9E%84" title="도메인 네임 – 韓文" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="도메인 네임" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="韓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain" title="Domain – 庫德文" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Domain" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="庫德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lad mw-list-item"><a href="https://lad.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dominasion_de_internet" title="Dominasion de internet – 拉迪諾文" lang="lad" hreflang="lad" data-title="Dominasion de internet" data-language-autonym="Ladino" data-language-local-name="拉迪諾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ladino</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeinname" title="Domeinname – 林堡文" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Domeinname" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="林堡文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Limburgs</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lo mw-list-item"><a href="https://lo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BA%8A%E0%BA%B7%E0%BB%88%E0%BB%82%E0%BA%94%E0%BB%80%E0%BA%A1%E0%BA%99" title="ຊື່ໂດເມນ – 寮文" lang="lo" hreflang="lo" data-title="ຊື່ໂດເມນ" data-language-autonym="ລາວ" data-language-local-name="寮文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ລາວ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C4%93na_v%C4%81rds" title="Domēna vārds – 拉脫維亞文" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Domēna vārds" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="拉脫維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%BE_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Доменско име – 馬其頓文" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Доменско име" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="馬其頓文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D1%8D%D0%B9%D0%BD_%D0%BD%D1%8D%D1%80" title="Домэйн нэр – 蒙古文" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Домэйн нэр" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="蒙古文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Монгол</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%A7%E0%A5%82%E0%A4%B3%E0%A4%AA%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%9F%E0%A5%80/%E0%A4%A1%E0%A5%8B%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%A8%E0%A5%87%E0%A4%AE_%E0%A4%AE%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%B9%E0%A4%A3%E0%A4%9C%E0%A5%87_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%AF" title="धूळपाटी/डोमेन नेम म्हणजे काय – 馬拉地文" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="धूळपाटी/डोमेन नेम म्हणजे काय" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="馬拉地文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nama_domain" title="Nama domain – 馬來文" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Nama domain" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="馬來文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%92%E1%80%AD%E1%80%AF%E1%80%99%E1%80%AD%E1%80%94%E1%80%BA%E1%80%B8%E1%80%A1%E1%80%99%E1%80%8A%E1%80%BA" title="ဒိုမိန်းအမည် – 緬甸文" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="ဒိုမိန်းအမည်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="緬甸文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>မြန်မာဘာသာ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeinnaam" title="Domeinnaam – 荷蘭文" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Domeinnaam" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="荷蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domenenavn" title="Domenenavn – 巴克摩挪威文" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Domenenavn" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="巴克摩挪威文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nom_de_domeni_d%27Internet" title="Nom de domeni d'Internet – 奧克西坦文" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Nom de domeni d'Internet" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="奧克西坦文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domena_internetowa" title="Domena internetowa – 波蘭文" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Domena internetowa" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="波蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nome_de_dom%C3%ADnio" title="Nome de domínio – 葡萄牙文" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Nome de domínio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="葡萄牙文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domeniu_Internet" title="Domeniu Internet – 羅馬尼亞文" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Domeniu Internet" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="羅馬尼亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%BE%D0%B5_%D0%B8%D0%BC%D1%8F" title="Доменное имя – 俄文" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Доменное имя" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="俄文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B0%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Домен аат – 雅庫特文" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Домен аат" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="雅庫特文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Саха тыла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%BD%D8%B1%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%BD_%DA%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D9%86" title="انٽرنيٽ ڊومين – 信德文" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="انٽرنيٽ ڊومين" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="信德文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internetski_nastavak" title="Internetski nastavak – 塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Internetski nastavak" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞克羅埃西亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_name" title="Domain name – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Domain name" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%A9na_(TCP/IP)" title="Doména (TCP/IP) – 斯洛伐克文" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Doména (TCP/IP)" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="斯洛伐克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82_%D0%B4%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Интернет домен – 塞爾維亞文" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Интернет домен" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="塞爾維亞文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dom%C3%A4nnamn" title="Domännamn – 瑞典文" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Domännamn" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="瑞典文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jina_la_kikoa" title="Jina la kikoa – 史瓦希里文" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Jina la kikoa" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="史瓦希里文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%B3%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%95%E0%AE%B3%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%8D_%E0%AE%AA%E0%AF%86%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%B0%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆள்களப் பெயர் – 坦米爾文" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆள்களப் பெயர்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="坦米爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%A1%E0%B1%8A%E0%B0%AE%E0%B1%88%E0%B0%A8%E0%B1%8D_%E0%B0%AA%E0%B1%87%E0%B0%B0%E0%B1%81" title="డొమైన్ పేరు – 泰盧固文" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="డొమైన్ పేరు" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="泰盧固文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%8A%E0%B8%B7%E0%B9%88%E0%B8%AD%E0%B9%82%E0%B8%94%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%99" title="ชื่อโดเมน – 泰文" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="ชื่อโดเมน" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="泰文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alan_ad%C4%B1" title="Alan adı – 土耳其文" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Alan adı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="土耳其文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%BD%D0%B5_%D1%96%D0%BC%27%D1%8F" title="Доменне ім'я – 烏克蘭文" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Доменне ім'я" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="烏克蘭文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%88%D9%88%D9%85%DB%8C%D9%86_%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ڈومین نیم – 烏都文" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="ڈومین نیم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="烏都文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Internet_domeni" title="Internet domeni – 烏茲別克文" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Internet domeni" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="烏茲別克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%AAn_mi%E1%BB%81n" title="Tên miền – 越南文" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Tên miền" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="越南文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" title="域名 – 吳語" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="域名" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="吳語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%98%D0%BD%D1%82%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%BD%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD_%D0%94%D0%BE%D0%BC%D0%B5%D0%BD" title="Интернетин Домен – 卡爾梅克文" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Интернетин Домен" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="卡爾梅克文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Хальмг</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%93%E1%83%9D%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%AF%E1%83%9D%E1%83%AE%E1%83%9D" title="დომენური ჯოხო – 明格列爾文" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="დომენური ჯოხო" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="明格列爾文" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Domain_mi%C3%A2" title="Domain miâ – 閩南語" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Domain miâ" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="閩南語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" title="域名 – 粵語" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="域名" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="粵語" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q32635#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="編輯跨語言連結" class="wbc-editpage">編輯連結</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="命名空間"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul 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class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-varlang-0" class="ca-variants-zh mw-list-item"><a href="/zh/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh" hreflang="zh"><span>不转换</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-1" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hans/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hans" hreflang="zh-Hans"><span>简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-2" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hant/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hant" hreflang="zh-Hant"><span>繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-3" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-CN mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-cn/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hans-CN" hreflang="zh-Hans-CN"><span>大陆简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-4" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-HK mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-hk/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hant-HK" hreflang="zh-Hant-HK"><span>香港繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-5" class="selected ca-variants-zh-Hant-MO mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-mo/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hant-MO" hreflang="zh-Hant-MO"><span>澳門繁體</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-6" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-MY mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-my/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hans-MY" hreflang="zh-Hans-MY"><span>大马简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-7" class="ca-variants-zh-Hans-SG mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-sg/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hans-SG" hreflang="zh-Hans-SG"><span>新加坡简体</span></a></li><li id="ca-varlang-8" class="ca-variants-zh-Hant-TW mw-list-item"><a href="/zh-tw/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" lang="zh-Hant-TW" hreflang="zh-Hant-TW"><span>臺灣正體</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="視圖"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D"><span>閱讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit" title="編輯此頁[e]" accesskey="e"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=history" title="本頁面的早前版本。[h]" accesskey="h"><span>檢視歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="頁面工具"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="工具" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">工具</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">工具</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">移至側邊欄</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">隱藏</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="更多選項" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 操作 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D"><span>閱讀</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit" title="編輯此頁[e]" accesskey="e"><span>編輯</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=history"><span>檢視歷史</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 一般 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%85%A5%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" title="列出所有與本頁相連的頁面[j]" accesskey="j"><span>連結至此的頁面</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E9%93%BE%E5%87%BA%E6%9B%B4%E6%94%B9/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" rel="nofollow" title="頁面連出所有頁面的更改[k]" accesskey="k"><span>相關變更</span></a></li><li id="t-upload" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Project:%E4%B8%8A%E4%BC%A0" title="上傳圖像或多媒體檔[u]" accesskey="u"><span>上載檔案</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%89%B9%E6%AE%8A%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2" title="全部特殊頁面的列表[q]" accesskey="q"><span>特殊頁面</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&oldid=84362782" 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lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 列印/匯出 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="electron-print_pdf" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=show-download-screen"><span>下載為PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="javascript:print();" rel="alternate" title="此頁面的可打印版本[p]" accesskey="p"><span>可列印版</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" lang="zh-Hant-MO" dir="ltr"> <div class="vector-menu-heading"> 其他專案 </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-commons mw-list-item"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Domain_name_space" hreflang="en"><span>維基共享資源</span></a></li><li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link 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.ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox{border-left-color:#36c!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy,html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-delete{border-left-color:#b32424!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-speedy{background-color:#300!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-content{border-left-color:#f28500!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-style{border-left-color:#fc3!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-move{border-left-color:#9932cc!important}html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .ambox-protection{border-left-color:#a2a9b1!important}}</style><table class="box-Merge plainlinks metadata ambox ambox-move" role="presentation"><tbody><tr><td class="mbox-image"><div style="width:52px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Merge-arrows.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Merge-arrows.svg/50px-Merge-arrows.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="20" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Merge-arrows.svg/75px-Merge-arrows.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/52/Merge-arrows.svg/100px-Merge-arrows.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="50" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></div></td><td class="mbox-text"><div class="mbox-text-span">建議此條目或章節與<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93" title="域名交易">域名交易</a></b><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E5%90%88%E5%B9%B6%E9%A1%B5%E9%9D%A2#方法" title="Wikipedia:合併頁面">合併</a>。（<a href="/wiki/Talk:%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E4%BA%A4%E6%98%93" title="Talk:域名交易">討論</a>）<span class="hide-when-compact"></span><span class="hide-when-compact"></span></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <div id="noteTA-f3e2a619" class="noteTA"><div class="noteTA-group"><div data-noteta-group-source="module" data-noteta-group="IT"></div></div></div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DNS_schema.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DNS_schema.svg/350px-DNS_schema.svg.png" decoding="async" width="350" height="194" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DNS_schema.svg/525px-DNS_schema.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d2/DNS_schema.svg/700px-DNS_schema.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1073" data-file-height="596" /></a><figcaption>一張以英文維基百科的域名為例子的各層次的域名圖表。</figcaption></figure> <p><b>網域名稱</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Domain Name</span>，簡稱：Domain），簡稱<b>域名</b>、<b>網域</b>，是由一串用點分隔的字元組成的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互聯網">互聯網</a>上某一台<a href="/wiki/%E9%9B%BB%E5%AD%90%E8%A8%88%E7%AE%97%E6%A9%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="電子計算機">電腦</a>或電腦組的名稱，用於在數據傳輸時標識電腦的電子方位。域名可以說是一個<a href="/wiki/IP%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80" title="IP位址">IP位址</a>的代稱，目的是為了便於記憶後者。例如，<code>wikipedia.org</code>是一個域名。人們可以直接訪問<code>wikipedia.org</code>來代替IP位址，然後<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="域名系統">域名系統</a>（DNS）就會將它轉化成便於機器辨識的IP位址。這樣，人們只需要記憶<code>wikipedia.org</code>這一串帶有特殊含義的字元，而不需要記憶沒有含義的數字<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>域名的核心是<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%B3%BB%E7%BB%9F" title="域名系統">域名系統</a>（英語：<span lang="en">Domain Name System</span>，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BC%A9%E5%86%99" class="mw-redirect" title="縮寫">縮寫</a>：DNS），域名系統中的任何名稱都是域名。在域名系統的階層中，各種域名都隸屬於域名系統根域的下級。域名的第一級是<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="頂級域">頂級域</a>，它包括<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="通用頂級域">通用頂級域</a>，例如<a href="/wiki/.com" title=".com">.com</a>、<a href="/wiki/.net" title=".net">.net</a>和<a href="/wiki/.org" title=".org">.org</a>；以及<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="國家和地區頂級域">國家和地區頂級域</a>，例如<a href="/wiki/.us" title=".us">.us</a>、<a href="/wiki/.cn" title=".cn">.cn</a>和<a href="/wiki/.tk" title=".tk">.tk</a>。頂級域名下一層是<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F" title="二級域">二級域名</a>，一級一級地往下。現在，還有一些新興的中文域名，例如<a href="/wiki/.%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title=".線上">.線上</a>等。這些域名向人們提供註冊服務，人們可以用它建立公開的互聯網資源或執行<a href="/wiki/%E7%B6%B2%E7%AB%99" title="網站">網站</a>。頂級域名的管理服務由對應的<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E5%B1%80" title="域名註冊局">域名註冊管理機構（域名註冊局）</a>負責，註冊服務通常由<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E6%B3%A8%E5%86%8C%E5%95%86" title="域名註冊商">域名註冊商</a>負責<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>截至2022年，已有超過5.69億個域名登記註冊<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="目的与特性"><span id=".E7.9B.AE.E7.9A.84.E4.B8.8E.E7.89.B9.E6.80.A7"></span>目的與特性</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=1" title="編輯章節：目的與特性"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/IP%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80" title="IP位址">IP位址</a>是互聯網主機的作為<a href="/wiki/%E8%B7%AF%E7%94%B1" title="路由">路由</a>定址用的數字型標識，不容易記憶，因而產生了域名這一種字元型標識，它比IP位址更容易記憶。這也是域名的一個重要功能——為數碼化的互聯網資源提供易於記憶的名稱。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>另外，域名具有唯一性，在資源更改IP位址時，只需要進行新IP位址與恆定域名的轉換，即可實現將資源移動到網絡地址拓撲中的不同物理位置。基於以上兩個特性，域名還用於建立個體的唯一標識。任何組織和個人在提供互聯網資源時，都可以選擇與其名稱對應的域名，讓其他人輕鬆訪問這些資源。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="域名历史"><span id=".E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D.E5.8E.86.E5.8F.B2"></span>域名歷史</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=2" title="編輯章節：域名歷史"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>在電腦網絡上，使用IP數字地址的簡單做法，可以追溯到<a href="/wiki/ARPANET" title="ARPANET">ARPANET</a>時代。當時，網絡上的每台電腦都採用主機檔案（即俗稱的<a href="/wiki/Hosts%E6%96%87%E4%BB%B6" title="Hosts檔案">Hosts</a>）進行解析。Hosts檔案內包含對應電腦的IP位址，每個需要解析的主機都擁有主機檔案。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>主機數量的快速增長使得主機檔案需頻繁更新。於是，1983年，保羅·莫卡派喬斯發明了域名解析服務和域名系統，隨後它們獲引入ARPANET。原始的技術規範在882號和883號互聯網標準草案中發佈。<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>1987年發佈的第1034和1035號草案修正了一些技術規範，並廢除了之前的第882和883號草案。在此之後對互聯網標準草案的修改基本上沒有涉及到域名系統技術規範部分的改動。 </p><p>1985年1月1日（不排除註冊日期被重設的可能），世界上第一個域名<code>nordu.net</code>得以註冊<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。1985年3月15日，<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD" title="美國">美國</a><a href="/wiki/%E9%A9%AC%E8%90%A8%E8%AF%B8%E5%A1%9E%E5%B7%9E" class="mw-redirect" title="馬薩諸塞州">馬薩諸塞州</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%89%91%E6%A1%A5_(%E9%A9%AC%E8%90%A8%E8%AF%B8%E5%A1%9E%E5%B7%9E)" title="劍橋 (馬薩諸塞州)">劍橋市</a>的電腦系統公司註冊了第一個.com域名<code>symbolics.com</code>。到1992年，登記的com域名不到15,000個<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p><p>互聯網的興起，使域名這一概念變得家喻戶曉，也有很多人開始註冊一個甚至多個域名。截止到2015年第一季度，已有2.94億個域名登記註冊。其中很大一部分屬於.com，已有1.156億個.com域名。2012年7月，.com的註冊數量超過了所有ccTLD的總和。<sup id="cite_ref-investor.verisign.com_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-investor.verisign.com-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>今天，辦事處位於美國的<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%90%8D%E7%A7%B0%E4%B8%8E%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="互聯網名稱與數字地址分配機構">互聯網名稱與數字地址分配機構（ICANN）</a>負責互聯網域名空間的開發和架構。只有經過它授權的域名註冊管理機構和域名註冊商，才能對外界提供頂級域名管理和註冊服務。<sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>另外，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%8F%B7%E7%A0%81%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D%E5%B1%80" title="互聯網號碼分配局">互聯網號碼分配局（IANA）</a>負責運營域名系統根區域、委派頂級域名的管理，並負責.int和.arpa兩個域名的管理。<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="域名层次"><span id=".E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D.E5.B1.82.E6.AC.A1"></span>域名層次</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=3" title="編輯章節：域名層次"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="域名语法"><span id=".E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D.E8.AF.AD.E6.B3.95"></span>域名語法</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=4" title="編輯章節：域名語法"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>域名由多個部分組成，這些部分通常連接在一起，並由點分隔，例如<code>zh.wikipedia.org</code>。最右邊的一個標籤是頂級域名，例如<code>zh.wikipedia.org</code>的頂級域名是org。一個域名的階層，從右側到左側隔一個點依次下降一層。每個標籤可以包含1到63個<a href="/wiki/%E5%85%AB%E4%BD%8D%E5%85%83%E7%B5%84" class="mw-redirect" title="八位元組">八位元組</a>。域名的結尾有時候還有一點，這是保留給根節點的，書寫時通常省略，在查詢時由軟件內部補上。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>域名里的英文字母不區分大小寫，因此可以使用大寫方法拼寫，但一般都以小寫形式拼寫（有時為了區別i和L，將L改為大寫）。<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="顶级域"><span id=".E9.A1.B6.E7.BA.A7.E5.9F.9F"></span>頂級域</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=5" title="編輯章節：頂級域"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r84833064">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-size:small}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:2em;margin-bottom:0.8em;margin-top:0.8em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img::after{content:"\202f \202f \202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small::after{content:"\202f \202f "}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .hatnote-notice-img-small{display:none}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主條目：<a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="頂級域">頂級域</a></div> <p><b>頂級域</b>（英語：<span lang="en">Top-level domains</span>，縮寫：TLD）是域名中最高的一級，每個域名都以頂級域結尾。 </p><p>域名剛設計出來時，頂級域名主要分成兩類：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="國家和地區頂級域">國家及地區雙字代碼頂級域（國家和地區頂級域）</a>（英語：<span lang="en">Country Code Top-level domains</span>，縮寫：ccTLD）和<a href="/wiki/%E9%80%9A%E7%94%A8%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="通用頂級域">通用頂級域</a>（英語：<span lang="en">general Top-level domains</span>，縮寫：gTLD）。<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>前者基於ISO-3166規定的國家/地區雙字縮寫代碼；後者代表了一組名稱和多個組織，包括<a href="/wiki/.gov" title=".gov">.gov</a>（政府，現用於美國政府的網站<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>），<a href="/wiki/.edu" title=".edu">.edu</a>（教育機構，現用於美國各類學校的網站<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>），<a href="/wiki/.com" title=".com">.com</a>（商業，現在成為全球註冊量最大、最通用的域名<sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>），<a href="/wiki/.mil" title=".mil">.mil</a>（軍事，現用於美國國防部及其附屬機構的網站<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>），<a href="/wiki/.org" title=".org">.org</a>（非營利組織<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>），<a href="/wiki/.net" title=".net">.net</a>（網絡，當時獲定位為網絡基礎服務提供商）和<a href="/wiki/.int" title=".int">.int</a>（國際組織<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）等。 </p><p>截至2009年10月，已存在21個通用頂級域名和250個國家及地區頂級域名，但它們遠遠不夠互聯網的使用。因此，在2011年，ICANN批准了一項新的TLD命名政策，以「在引入新的通用頂級域名方面，邁出重要的一步」。該計劃設想了許多新的或已經提出的領域的可用性，以及新的應用和實施過程。<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2012年初，該計劃開始實施，ICANN收到了1930份申請。<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>2016年，gTLD批准達到1000個的大關。2011年後獲批准的通用頂級域名，並稱為新通用頂級域名（英語：<span lang="en">New general Top-level domains</span>，縮寫：NewgTLD）。<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="子域名"><span id=".E5.AD.90.E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D"></span>子域名</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=6" title="編輯章節：子域名"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主條目：<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F" title="二級域">二級域</a></div> <p>子域名將頂級域名進一步細分。域名階層中，頂級域名下面是二級域名，它位於頂級域名的左側。例如，在<code>zh.wikipedia.org</code>中，<code>wikipedia</code>是二級域名。<code>w3.org</code>中，<code>w3</code>也是二級域名，與前例中的<code>wikipedia</code>屬於一個層面。 </p><p>二級域名下面是三級域名，它位於二級域名的左側。例如，在<code>zh.wikipedia.org</code>中，<code>zh</code>是三級域名；<code>zh-classical.wikipedia.org</code>（<a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:%E6%96%87%E8%A8%80%E6%96%87%E7%B6%AD%E5%9F%BA%E7%99%BE%E7%A7%91" title="Wikipedia:文言文維基百科">文言文維基大典</a>的域名）中，<code>zh-classical</code>也是三級域名，與前例中的<code>zh</code>屬於一個層面。從右側到左側，隔一個點依次下降一層。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-4" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>通常情況下，人們基於公司、產品或服務的名稱來建立二級域名或更低階別的域名，以方便其他人辨識和記憶。<sup id="cite_ref-:2_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>完整域名的所有字元加起來不得超過253個<a href="/wiki/ASCII" title="ASCII">ASCII</a>字元的總長度。因此，當每一級都使用單個字元時，限制為127個級別：127個字元加上126個點的總長度為253。但實際上，某些域名可能具有其他限制；也沒有隻有一個字元的域名字尾。<sup id="cite_ref-rfc1035_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-rfc1035-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="国际化域名"><span id=".E5.9B.BD.E9.99.85.E5.8C.96.E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D"></span>國際化域名</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=7" title="編輯章節：國際化域名"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84833064"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">主條目：<a href="/wiki/%E5%9B%BD%E9%99%85%E5%8C%96%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" title="國際化域名">國際化域名</a>和<a href="/wiki/Punycode" class="mw-redirect" title="Punycode">Punycode</a></div> <p>以前，域名系統中允許的字元集基於ASCII，只支援英文字母、數字和連字元(-)，而不允許其他語言的文字。於是ICANN批准了國際化域名（英語：<span lang="en">Internationalized Domain Name</span>，縮寫：IDN）系統，該系統將其他語言對應的Unicode字串，轉換為一個名為Punycode的編碼字元集。轉換結果由英文字母、數字和橫線符號構成，符合傳統域名的規範，這使得其他語言的文字可以註冊域名，並在瀏覽器中訪問。例如，「維基百科」轉換為Punycode為<code>xn--3js032e7ich4g</code><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。目前，許多頂級域名註冊管理機構，已允許註冊IDN域名，比如由VeriSign運營的.com；<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>而一些帶有除英文外的其他文字的頂級域名，就是基於IDN實現的，比如由中國互聯網絡信息中心運營的「<a href="/wiki/.%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title=".中國">.中國</a>」頂級域名。<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="域名注册"><span id=".E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D.E6.B3.A8.E5.86.8C"></span>域名註冊</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=8" title="編輯章節：域名註冊"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>域名註冊商提供域名註冊服務。要成為一個域名的註冊商，需得到ICANN和該域名的域名註冊局的認可。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>域名註冊管理機構負責域名的技術維護和服務，並負責維護其管理的頂級域名的註冊名稱資料庫。 </p><p>域名註冊人在註冊商處登記域名資訊後，域名註冊管理機構和域名註冊商通常會收取費用，一般是按域名的有效期計算，單位是年。收到費用後，向域名註冊管理機構發去註冊資訊，後者授權前者在相應的頂級域名中分配名稱，並使用一種特殊協定——<a href="/wiki/WHOIS" title="WHOIS">WHOIS</a>協定，發佈域名註冊資訊。最後，註冊商將域名的使用權限發放給域名註冊人。此交易在註冊商的角度看，稱為域名的銷售或租賃；在註冊人的角度看，稱為域名的註冊或購買。目前，這一過程大多已經自動化。頂級域名註冊管理機構和域名註冊商的完整列表由ICANN發佈。<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="域名解析"><span id=".E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D.E8.A7.A3.E6.9E.90"></span>域名解析</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=9" title="編輯章節：域名解析"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>域名解析包括正向解析和反向解析。正向解析是把域名轉換為IP位址的過程，<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>機器間互相只認IP位址，所以需要把域名轉換為IP位址。這需要由專門的域名解析伺服器來完成，整個過程自動進行。<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>反向解析比較罕見，是把IP位址轉換為域名的過程，<a href="/wiki/.arpa" title=".arpa">.arpa</a>頂級域名專門用於這類用途。<sup id="cite_ref-:1_2-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>DNS伺服器可接受兩種類型的解析，分別是遞歸解析和反覆解析。兩者的區別在於，前者查詢失敗一般直接返回失敗訊息，後者會繼續查詢一些其他的伺服器。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="衍生文化"><span id=".E8.A1.8D.E7.94.9F.E6.96.87.E5.8C.96"></span>衍生文化</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=10" title="編輯章節：衍生文化"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="混淆与误读"><span id=".E6.B7.B7.E6.B7.86.E4.B8.8E.E8.AF.AF.E8.AF.BB"></span>混淆與誤讀</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=11" title="編輯章節：混淆與誤讀"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>因為域名不區分大小寫，<sup id="cite_ref-:0_13-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>所以某些域名可能會被誤解。例如，程式設計師討論區<a href="/w/index.php?title=Experts-Exchange&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Experts-Exchange（頁面不存在）">Experts Exchange</a>（專家談話），將原本的域名<code>expert<b>sex</b>change.com</code>（專業的<a href="/wiki/%E6%80%A7%E8%BD%89%E6%8F%9B" title="性轉換">性轉換</a>）更換為加入連字元的<code>experts-exchange.com</code>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="虚构域名"><span id=".E8.99.9A.E6.9E.84.E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D"></span>虛構域名</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=12" title="編輯章節：虛構域名"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>虛構域名是用於小說或流行文化，或用於範例、測試的域名，用於指代實際上不存在的域名，例如<code>.web</code>字尾域名。而規範的虛構域名是<code>example.com</code>和<code>example.org</code>，由<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%8F%B7%E7%A0%81%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D%E5%B1%80" title="互聯網號碼分配局">IANA</a>在RFC 2606中專門指定用於此類用途，以及「.測試」等頂級域名。<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>一個有趣的例子是，中國大陸的知名電視劇《愛情公寓》中，曾出現過一個叫「www.張偉是混蛋.com」的網站（張偉是該電視劇中的一名律師；當時IDN尚未成形）。後來該域名由這部電視劇的粉絲購買，搭建了一個關於該電視劇的網誌站點。截止2018年8月，該網誌的置頂文章閱讀量已超過179萬。<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="商业模式"><span id=".E5.95.86.E4.B8.9A.E6.A8.A1.E5.BC.8F"></span>商業模式</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=13" title="編輯章節：商業模式"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>域名通常與房地產類似，因為域名是建立網站的基礎；而高質素的域名，如同搶手的房地產，具有重要價值。當它們與對應的公司、品牌或任何個體相結合時，能用於廣告，搜尋引擎最佳化和方便潛在的客戶記憶。因此，不少人專門從事買賣域名的行業。因「域名」一詞中，「名」字與「米」字相諧音，從事這一行業的人稱為「米農」；註冊域名叫「煮米」；出售域名叫「賣米」，等等。<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>另外，一些域名註冊商和分銷域名的主機寄存商，提供了低成本甚至免費的域名註冊，並採用了各種手段來收回成本，達到盈利。比如，一些主機寄存商在提供免費域名時，要求域名必須捆綁在他們的主機上，或是和他們的主機一起購買。<sup id="cite_ref-34" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="域名抢注"><span id=".E5.9F.9F.E5.90.8D.E6.8A.A2.E6.B3.A8"></span>域名搶註</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=14" title="編輯章節：域名搶註"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>域名搶註一般分為域名投資和惡意搶註兩種。域名投資是憑藉自己對市場的判斷來註冊域名，等升值後再出售並賺取差價。惡意搶註則是指搶先註冊他人在該領域或相關領域中已經使用並有一定影響的商標、域名或商號等權利的行為。若域名裏面帶有一個商標，一般來說屬於後者；如果是領域和常見名詞，一般屬於前者。<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>惡意搶註行為，若侵犯了商標權、知識產權等，可能會得不償失。中國北京市的王女士先後註冊了victoriassecret.com.cn和 victoriassecret.cn域名，知名內衣品牌<a href="/wiki/%E7%BB%B4%E5%A4%9A%E5%88%A9%E4%BA%9A%E7%9A%84%E7%A7%98%E5%AF%86" title="維多利亞的秘密">維多利亞的秘密</a>將她訴至法院。法院判決王女士停止使用涉案兩爭議域名，並賠償維多利亞公司10萬元。<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>為了避免所謂的「惡意搶註」事件，某些域名服務商在開放網址註冊前，可能會推出諸如「<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%9D%E7%95%99%E5%AD%97" title="保留字">保留字</a>」或「限制字」的政策，避免與相關網址項目無關之人士或組織惡意搶註，通常這些保留字也會被稱之「高價域名」<sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。 </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="滥用权利"><span id=".E6.BB.A5.E7.94.A8.E6.9D.83.E5.88.A9"></span>濫用權利</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=15" title="編輯章節：濫用權利"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>批評家認為有些域名註冊管理機構濫用域名行政權力。例如，.com的域名註冊管理機構<a href="/wiki/%E5%A8%81%E7%91%9E%E4%BF%A1" title="威瑞信">VeriSign（威瑞信）</a>，開發了VeriSign Site Finder系統，它將所有未註冊的<a href="/wiki/.com" title=".com">.com</a>和<a href="/wiki/.net" title=".net">.net</a>域名重新導向到VeriSign的搜尋網頁。儘管此舉在社會上受到非常多的批評，但VeriSign仍無動於衷。直到ICANN威脅要復原其管理.com域名的資格授權之後，VeriSign才不情願地撤下Site Finder系統。<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>另一方面，美國政府對<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%90%8D%E7%A7%B0%E4%B8%8E%E6%95%B0%E5%AD%97%E5%9C%B0%E5%9D%80%E5%88%86%E9%85%8D%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84" title="互聯網名稱與數字地址分配機構">ICANN</a>的政治影響與干涉也在社會上引起爭議。<a href="/wiki/20%E4%B8%96%E7%BA%AA80%E5%B9%B4%E4%BB%A3" class="mw-redirect" title="20世紀80年代">20世紀80年代</a>，<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91" title="互聯網">互聯網</a>域名與地址的管理權一直由<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C" class="mw-redirect" title="美國政府">美國政府</a><a href="/wiki/%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD" class="mw-redirect" title="壟斷">壟斷</a>（比如將.edu、.mil、.gov等域名用作美國自己使用，而不用.edu.us<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%8C%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D" class="mw-redirect" title="二級域名">二級域名</a>）。1998年，美國政府與ICANN簽訂合同，<a href="/wiki/%E6%8E%88%E6%AC%8A" class="mw-disambig" title="授權">授權</a>由ICANN負責協調管理。但美國政府仍然擁有對域名的控制權，並有時進行干涉（例如2005年，ICANN根據其政策初步批准了<a href="/wiki/.xxx" title=".xxx">.xxx</a>頂級域名的使用，但美國政府揚言要利用其合同權利來推翻ICANN的決定，而ICANN最終也因此屈服，此舉曾遭到<a href="/wiki/%E6%AC%A7%E7%9B%9F" class="mw-redirect" title="歐盟">歐盟</a>等組織的批評<sup id="cite_ref-39" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>）。2013年，美國曝出的「<a href="/wiki/%E7%A8%9C%E9%8F%A1%E8%A8%88%E7%95%AB" title="稜鏡計劃">稜鏡門</a>」醜聞引發了風波。儘管<a href="/wiki/%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E5%9B%BD%E5%AE%B6%E5%AE%89%E5%85%A8%E5%B1%80" title="美國國家安全域">NSA</a>的竊聽與ICANN控制域名無關，但美國對ICANN的影響力象徵着美國在互聯網上的力量<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。「稜鏡門」醜聞曝光帶來的壓力，促使奧巴馬政府最終決定放棄對ICANN的權力<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>。直到2016年10月，美國政府機構正式將互聯網域名的管理權完全移交給ICANN，才結束了對域名管理近20年的壟斷。<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>在美國通過ICANN影響全球互聯網域名的同時，<a href="/wiki/%E4%B8%AD%E5%9B%BD" class="mw-redirect" title="中國">中國</a>和<a href="/wiki/%E4%BF%84%E7%BD%97%E6%96%AF" title="俄羅斯">俄羅斯</a>等國家則通過域名對網站進行封鎖。<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup>例如中國大陸的<a href="/wiki/%E9%98%B2%E7%81%AB%E9%95%BF%E5%9F%8E" title="防火長城">防火長城</a>專案，通過<a href="/wiki/%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E6%9C%8D%E5%8A%A1%E5%99%A8%E7%BC%93%E5%AD%98%E6%B1%A1%E6%9F%93" title="域名伺服器快取污染">DNS污染</a>影響域名的正常解析干擾普通民眾訪問部分網站，此類措施長期以來遭受部分中國網民與西方世界的批評。<sup id="cite_ref-46" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="参考来源"><span id=".E5.8F.82.E8.80.83.E6.9D.A5.E6.BA.90"></span>參考來源</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&action=edit&section=16" title="編輯章節：參考來源"><span>編輯</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="reflist columns references-column-width" style="-moz-column-width: 30em; -webkit-column-width: 30em; column-width: 30em; list-style-type: decimal;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.twnic.net/download/seminar/90329/Presentation_on_TWNIC.ppt">幻燈片：向網絡世界宣告你自己</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20060521072317/http://www.twnic.net/download/seminar/90329/Presentation_on_TWNIC.ppt">頁面存檔備份</a>，存於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互聯網檔案館">互聯網檔案館</a>）<span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="中文">（繁體中文）</span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-0"><sup><b>2.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-1"><sup><b>2.1</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-2"><sup><b>2.2</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-3"><sup><b>2.3</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-4"><sup><b>2.4</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-5"><sup><b>2.5</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-6"><sup><b>2.6</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_2-7"><sup><b>2.7</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation book">蘭少華; 楊余旺; 呂建勇. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=STd0TTcAbdwC&pg=PA148&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">TCP/IP网络与协议</a>. 清華大學出版社有限公司. 2006 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-09-02</span>]</span>. <a href="/wiki/Special:%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B9%A6%E6%BA%90/9787302118404" title="Special:網絡書源/9787302118404"><span title="國際標準書號">ISBN</span> 9787302118404</a>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180902183846/https://books.google.com.hk/books?id=STd0TTcAbdwC&pg=PA148&redir_esc=y#v=onepage&q&f=false">存檔</a>於2018-09-02） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連接到中文網頁">（中文）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.au=%E5%85%B0%E5%B0%91%E5%8D%8E&rft.au=%E5%90%95%E5%BB%BA%E5%8B%87&rft.au=%E6%9D%A8%E4%BD%99%E6%97%BA&rft.btitle=TCP%2FIP%E7%BD%91%E7%BB%9C%E4%B8%8E%E5%8D%8F%E8%AE%AE&rft.date=2006&rft.genre=book&rft.isbn=9787302118404&rft.pub=%E6%B8%85%E5%8D%8E%E5%A4%A7%E5%AD%A6%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE%E6%9C%89%E9%99%90%E5%85%AC%E5%8F%B8&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.hk%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DSTd0TTcAbdwC%26pg%3DPA148%26redir_esc%3Dy%23v%3Donepage%26q%26f%3Dfalse&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">ANI. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://domainnamestat.com/statistics/overview">Domain name registration's statistics</a>. Business Standard India. 2019-12-31 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2019-12-31</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20191107112719/https://domainnamestat.com/statistics/overview">存檔</a>於2019-11-07）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=Domain+name+registration%27s+statistics&rft.au=ANI&rft.date=2019-12-31&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Business+Standard+India&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdomainnamestat.com%2Fstatistics%2Foverview&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-0"><sup><b>4.0</b></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_4-1"><sup><b>4.1</b></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation journal">黃立輝. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20220522040043/http://www.law-lib.com/lw/lw_view.asp?no=2535">浅析域名的特点及域名权的性质</a>. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2022-05-22</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.law-lib.com/lw/lw_view.asp?no=2535">原始內容</a>存檔於2022-05-22）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=%E6%B5%85%E6%9E%90%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%9A%84%E7%89%B9%E7%82%B9%E5%8F%8A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E6%9D%83%E7%9A%84%E6%80%A7%E8%B4%A8&rft.au=%E9%BB%84%E7%AB%8B%E8%BE%89&rft.genre=article&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.law-lib.com%2Flw%2Flw_view.asp%3Fno%3D2535&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Mockapetris, P.V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc882">Domain names: Concepts and facilities</a>. tools.ietf.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-09-02</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180927143537/https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc882">存檔</a>於2018-09-27） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連接到英語網頁">（英語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=Domain+names%3A+Concepts+and+facilities&rft.aufirst=P.V.&rft.aulast=Mockapetris&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tools.ietf.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc882&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">Mockapetris, P.V. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc883">Domain names: Implementation specification</a>. tools.ietf.org. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-09-02</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181001122801/https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc883">存檔</a>於2018-10-01） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連接到英語網頁">（英語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=Domain+names%3A+Implementation+specification&rft.aufirst=P.V.&rft.aulast=Mockapetris&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=tools.ietf.org&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftools.ietf.org%2Fhtml%2Frfc883&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news">cnBeta. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.cnbeta.com/articles/tech/166383.htm">互联网最老域名nordu.net即将迎来27岁生日 - 通信技术 - cnBeta.COM</a>. cnBeta.COM. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-08-29</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180829212050/https://www.cnbeta.com/articles/tech/166383.htm">存檔</a>於2018-08-29） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連接到中文（中國大陸）網頁">（中文（中國大陸））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%9C%80%E8%80%81%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8Dnordu.net%E5%8D%B3%E5%B0%86%E8%BF%8E%E6%9D%A527%E5%B2%81%E7%94%9F%E6%97%A5+-+%E9%80%9A%E4%BF%A1%E6%8A%80%E6%9C%AF+-+cnBeta.COM&rft.au=cnBeta&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=cnBeta.COM&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cnbeta.com%2Farticles%2Ftech%2F166383.htm&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation news"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.techcrunch.com/2009/08/27/25-years-later-first-registered-domain-name-changes-hands/">25 Years Later, First Registered Domain Name Changes Hands</a>. TechCrunch. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-08-29</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180829212153/https://techcrunch.com/2009/08/27/25-years-later-first-registered-domain-name-changes-hands/">存檔</a>於2018-08-29） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連接到美國英語網頁">（美國英語）</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=25+Years+Later%2C+First+Registered+Domain+Name+Changes+Hands&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=TechCrunch&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.techcrunch.com%2F2009%2F08%2F27%2F25-years-later-first-registered-domain-name-changes-hands%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-investor.verisign.com-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-investor.verisign.com_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://investor.verisign.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=920138">Internet Grows to 294 Million Domain Names in the First Quarter of 2015</a> （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="//web.archive.org/web/20171220175258/https://investor.verisign.com/releasedetail.cfm?releaseid=920138">頁面存檔備份</a>，存於<a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86" title="互聯網檔案館">互聯網檔案館</a>）, Jun 30, 2015.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-10">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://royal.pingdom.com/2012/07/20/domain-domination-the-com-tld-larger-than-all-cctlds-combined/">Domain domination: The <i>com</i> TLD larger than all ccTLDs combined</a>. 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cursor: default; color:var(--color-subtle, #54595d); font-size: 0.8em; bottom: 0.1em; font-weight: bold;" title="連接到中文（臺灣）網頁">（中文（臺灣））</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=.htc+.acer%E6%96%B0%E7%B6%B2%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D+%E5%B9%B4%E5%BA%95%E5%95%9F%E7%94%A8+%7C+%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=%E8%98%8B%E6%9E%9C%E6%97%A5%E5%A0%B1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Ftw.appledaily.com%2Fheadline%2Fdaily%2F20130826%2F35247844%2F&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-15">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://home.dotgov.gov/registration/requirements/">Domain requirements | DotGov</a>. home.dotgov.gov. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-09-02</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180825020522/https://home.dotgov.gov/registration/requirements/">存檔</a>於2018-08-25） <span style="font-family: sans-serif; 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The Guardian. 2016-03-14 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-04-10</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190915203917/https://www.theguardian.com/technology/2016/mar/14/icann-internet-control-domain-names-iana">存檔</a>於2019-09-15）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=Quietly%2C+symbolically%2C+US+control+of+the+internet+was+just+ended&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.aulast=Farrell&rft.date=2016-03-14&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=The+Guardian&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.theguardian.com%2Ftechnology%2F2016%2Fmar%2F14%2Ficann-internet-control-domain-names-iana&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-44"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-44">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web">網易. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180904192009/http://money.163.com/16/1002/19/C2D6NPA0002580S6.html">垄断20年美国政府交出互联网域名管理权_网易财经</a>. money.163.com. <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2018-09-04</span>]</span>. （<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://money.163.com/16/1002/19/C2D6NPA0002580S6.html">原始內容</a>存檔於2018-09-04）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=%E5%9E%84%E6%96%AD20%E5%B9%B4+%E7%BE%8E%E5%9B%BD%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E4%BA%A4%E5%87%BA%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86%E6%9D%83_%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93%E8%B4%A2%E7%BB%8F&rft.au=%E7%BD%91%E6%98%93&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=money.163.com&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fmoney.163.com%2F16%2F1002%2F19%2FC2D6NPA0002580S6.html&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-45"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-45">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50259597">Russia tightens control on national internet</a>. BBC News. 2019-11-01 <span class="reference-accessdate"> [<span class="nowrap">2020-04-10</span>]</span>. （原始內容<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200306115719/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-50259597">存檔</a>於2020-03-06）.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fzh.wikipedia.org%3A%E5%9F%9F%E5%90%8D&rft.atitle=Russia+tightens+control+on+national+internet&rft.date=2019-11-01&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=BBC+News&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.bbc.com%2Fnews%2Fworld-europe-50259597&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal" class="Z3988"><span style="display:none;"> </span></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-46"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-46">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.nytimes.com/topic/destination/internet-censorship-in-china">Internet Censorship in China</a>. 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title=".moe">.moe</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.name" title=".name">.name</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.net" title=".net">.net</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="互聯網頂級域列表">.ninja</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.ngo" title=".ngo">.ngo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.one" title=".one">.one</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.ngo" title=".ngo">.ong</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.ooo" title=".ooo">.ooo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.org" title=".org">.org</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.top" title=".top">.top</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.pro" title=".pro">.pro</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.wiki" title=".wiki">.wiki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.wtf" title=".wtf">.wtf</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.xyz" title=".xyz">.xyz</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E9%9B%86%E5%9B%A2&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".集團（頁面不存在）">.集團</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%E5%9C%A8%E7%BA%BF" title=".線上">.線上</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%E5%85%AC%E7%9B%8A" title=".公益">.公益</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.cn" title=".cn">.公司</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E7%A7%BB%E5%8A%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".移動（頁面不存在）">.移動</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E6%88%91%E7%88%B1%E4%BD%A0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".我愛你（頁面不存在）">.我愛你</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D0%BC%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B2%D0%B0&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".москва（頁面不存在）">.москва</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".онлайн" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title=".онлайн"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".онлайн（頁面不存在）">.онлайн</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">俄語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D0%BE%D0%BD%D0%BB%D0%B0%D0%B9%D0%BD" class="extiw" title="ru:.онлайн"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">.онлайн</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".сайт" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title=".сайт"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".сайт（頁面不存在）">.сайт</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">俄語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D1%81%D0%B0%D0%B9%D1%82" class="extiw" title="ru:.сайт"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">.сайт</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".орг" data-lang-code="ru" data-lang-name="俄语" data-foreign-title=".орг"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".орг（頁面不存在）">.орг</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">俄語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D0%BE%D1%80%D0%B3" class="extiw" title="ru:.орг"><span lang="ru" dir="auto">.орг</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%EC%82%BC%EC%84%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".삼성（頁面不存在）">.삼성</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E5%95%86%E6%A0%87&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".商標（頁面不存在）">.商標</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E5%95%86%E5%9F%8E&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".商城（頁面不存在）">.商城</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D0%B4%D0%B5%D1%82%D0%B8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".дети（頁面不存在）">.дети</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%E4%B8%AD%E6%96%87%E7%BD%91" title=".中文網">.中文網</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E4%B8%AD%E4%BF%A1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".中信（頁面不存在）">.中信</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%82%E0%A4%97%E0%A4%A0%E0%A4%A8&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".संगठन（頁面不存在）">.संगठन</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.cn" title=".cn">.網絡</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D8%A8%D8%A7%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%B1&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".بازار（頁面不存在）">.بازار</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".شبكة" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".شبكة"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%A9&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".شبكة（頁面不存在）">.شبكة</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%D8%B4%D8%A8%D9%83%D8%A9" class="extiw" title="en:.شبكة"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.شبكة</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".機構（頁面不存在）">.機構</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E7%BB%84%E7%BB%87%E6%9C%BA%E6%9E%84&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".組織機構（頁面不存在）">.組織機構</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".みんな" data-lang-code="ar" data-lang-name="阿拉伯語" data-foreign-title=".みんな"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E3%81%BF%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".みんな（頁面不存在）">.みんな</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">阿拉伯語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/.%E3%81%BF%E3%82%93%E3%81%AA" class="extiw" title="ar:.みんな"><span lang="ar" dir="auto">.みんな</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E4%B8%96%E7%95%8C&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".世界（頁面不存在）">.世界</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.%E7%BD%91%E5%9D%80&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".網址（頁面不存在）">.網址</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.cn" title=".cn">.遊戲</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.%E6%94%BF%E5%8A%A1" title=".政務">.政務</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E8%B5%9E%E5%8A%A9%E7%B1%BB%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F" title="贊助類頂級域">贊助</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.aero" title=".aero">.aero</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.asia" title=".asia">.asia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.cat" title=".cat">.cat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.coop" title=".coop">.coop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.edu" title=".edu">.edu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.gov" title=".gov">.gov</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.int" title=".int">.int</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.jobs" title=".jobs">.jobs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.mil" title=".mil">.mil</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.mobi" title=".mobi">.mobi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.museum" title=".museum">.museum</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.post" title=".post">.post</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.tel" title=".tel">.tel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.travel" title=".travel">.travel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.xxx" title=".xxx">.xxx</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="GeoTLD" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="GeoTLD"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=GeoTLD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GeoTLD（頁面不存在）">地區</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoTLD" class="extiw" title="en:GeoTLD"><span lang="en" dir="auto">GeoTLD</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".africa" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".africa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".africa（頁面不存在）">.africa</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.africa" class="extiw" title="en:.africa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.africa</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E9%98%BF%E5%B0%94%E8%90%A8%E6%96%AF" title="阿爾薩斯">.alsace</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".amsterdam" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".amsterdam"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.amsterdam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".amsterdam（頁面不存在）">.amsterdam</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.amsterdam" class="extiw" title="en:.amsterdam"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.amsterdam</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".bcn" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".bcn"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.bcn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".bcn（頁面不存在）">.bcn</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.bcn" class="extiw" title="en:.bcn"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.bcn</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".berlin" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".berlin"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.berlin&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".berlin（頁面不存在）">.berlin</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.berlin" class="extiw" title="en:.berlin"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.berlin</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".brussels" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".brussels"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.brussels&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".brussels（頁面不存在）">.brussels</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.brussels" class="extiw" title="en:.brussels"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.brussels</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".bzh" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".bzh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.bzh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".bzh（頁面不存在）">.bzh</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.bzh" class="extiw" title="en:.bzh"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.bzh</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".cymru" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".cymru"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.cymru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".cymru（頁面不存在）">.cymru</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.cymru" class="extiw" title="en:.cymru"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.cymru</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.eu" title=".eu">.eu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.eus" title=".eus">.eus</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".frl" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".frl"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.frl&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".frl（頁面不存在）">.frl</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.frl" class="extiw" title="en:.frl"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.frl</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".gal" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".gal"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.gal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".gal（頁面不存在）">.gal</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.gal" class="extiw" title="en:.gal"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.gal</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".gent" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".gent"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.gent&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".gent（頁面不存在）">.gent</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.gent" class="extiw" title="en:.gent"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.gent</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".irish" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".irish"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.irish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".irish（頁面不存在）">.irish</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.irish" class="extiw" title="en:.irish"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.irish</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".istanbul" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".istanbul"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.istanbul&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".istanbul（頁面不存在）">.ist</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.istanbul" class="extiw" title="en:.istanbul"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.istanbul</span></a></span>）</span></span> <ul><li>.istanbul</li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.kiwi" title=".kiwi">.kiwi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="互聯網頂級域列表">.krd</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.lat" title=".lat">.lat</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".london" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".london"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.london&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".london（頁面不存在）">.london</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.london" class="extiw" title="en:.london"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.london</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.au" title=".au">.melbourne</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="互聯網頂級域列表">.miami</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".nyc" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".nyc"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.nyc&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".nyc（頁面不存在）">.nyc</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.nyc" class="extiw" title="en:.nyc"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.nyc</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".paris" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".paris"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.paris&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".paris（頁面不存在）">.paris</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.paris" class="extiw" title="en:.paris"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.paris</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".quebec" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".quebec"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.quebec&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".quebec（頁面不存在）">.quebec</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.quebec" class="extiw" title="en:.quebec"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.quebec</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".rio" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".rio"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.rio&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".rio（頁面不存在）">.rio</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.rio" class="extiw" title="en:.rio"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.rio</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".saarland" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".saarland"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.saarland&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".saarland（頁面不存在）">.saarland</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.saarland" class="extiw" title="en:.saarland"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.saarland</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".scot" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".scot"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.scot&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".scot（頁面不存在）">.scot</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.scot" class="extiw" title="en:.scot"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.scot</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.au" title=".au">.sydney</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.taipei" title=".taipei">.taipei</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.tokyo" title=".tokyo">.tokyo</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F%E5%88%97%E8%A1%A8" title="互聯網頂級域列表">.vegas</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".vlaanderen" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".vlaanderen"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.vlaanderen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".vlaanderen（頁面不存在）">.vlaanderen</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.vlaanderen" class="extiw" title="en:.vlaanderen"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.vlaanderen</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".wales" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".wales"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".wales（頁面不存在）">.wales</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.wales" class="extiw" title="en:.wales"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.wales</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".wien" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".wien"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.wien&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".wien（頁面不存在）">.wien</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.wien" class="extiw" title="en:.wien"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.wien</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">基礎架構</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.arpa" title=".arpa">.arpa</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">已刪除/復原</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.nato" title=".nato">.nato</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="頂級域">保留域</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/.example" title=".example">.example</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.invalid" title=".invalid">.invalid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.localhost" title=".localhost">.localhost</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.test" title=".test">.test</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.onion" title=".onion">.onion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><a href="/wiki/%E4%BC%AA%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F" title="偽頂級域">偽頂級域</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/%E5%90%8D%E5%B9%A3" title="名幣">.bit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/BITNET" title="BITNET">.bitnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E8%AE%A1%E7%AE%97%E6%9C%BA%E7%A7%91%E5%AD%A6%E7%BD%91" title="電腦科學網">.csnet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.onion" title=".onion">.exit</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".local" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".local"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.local&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".local（頁面不存在）">.local</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.local" class="extiw" title="en:.local"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.local</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.onion" title=".onion">.onion</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".root" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".root"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.root&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".root（頁面不存在）">.root</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.root" class="extiw" title="en:.root"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.root</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/UUCP" title="UUCP">.uucp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%E6%9B%BF%E4%BB%A3%E6%80%A7DNS%E6%A0%B9" title="替代性DNS根">.chn</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="collapsible-title navbox-title" colspan="2" style=";"><div id="提议" style="font-size:110%;margin:0 5em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=%E6%8F%90%E8%AE%AE%E9%A1%B6%E7%BA%A7%E5%9F%9F&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="提議頂級域（頁面不存在）">提議</a></div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em"><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title="GeoTLD" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title="GeoTLD"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=GeoTLD&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="GeoTLD（頁面不存在）">地區</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GeoTLD" class="extiw" title="en:GeoTLD"><span lang="en" dir="auto">GeoTLD</span></a></span>）</span></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".africa" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".africa"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.africa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".africa（頁面不存在）">.africa</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.africa" class="extiw" title="en:.africa"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.africa</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".bcn" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".bcn"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.bcn&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".bcn（頁面不存在）">.bcn</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.bcn" class="extiw" title="en:.bcn"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.bcn</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".wales" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".wales"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".wales（頁面不存在）">.wales</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.wales" class="extiw" title="en:.wales"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.wales</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.bg" title=".bg">.бг</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">語言和國籍</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".bzh" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".bzh"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.bzh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".bzh（頁面不存在）">.bzh</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.bzh" class="extiw" title="en:.bzh"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.bzh</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".cym" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".cym"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.cym&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".cym（頁面不存在）">.cym</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.cym" class="extiw" title="en:.cym"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.cym</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".cymru" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".cymru"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.cymru&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".cymru（頁面不存在）">.cymru</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.cymru" class="extiw" title="en:.cymru"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.cymru</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".eng" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".eng"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.eng&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".eng（頁面不存在）">.eng</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.eng" class="extiw" title="en:.eng"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.eng</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=PuntuLLI&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="PuntuLLI（頁面不存在）">.lli</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".sic" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".sic"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.sic&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".sic（頁面不存在）">.sic</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.sic" class="extiw" title="en:.sic"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.sic</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".wales" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".wales"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.wales&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".wales（頁面不存在）">.wales</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.wales" class="extiw" title="en:.wales"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.wales</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/.bg" title=".bg">.бг</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">技術</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".geo" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".geo"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.geo&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".geo（頁面不存在）">.geo</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.geo" class="extiw" title="en:.geo"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.geo</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".mail" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".mail"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.mail&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".mail（頁面不存在）">.mail</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.mail" class="extiw" title="en:.mail"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.mail</span></a></span>）</span></span></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".web" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".web"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.web&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".web（頁面不存在）">.web</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.web" class="extiw" title="en:.web"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.web</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:9.0em">其他</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.free&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".free（頁面不存在）">.free</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.kid&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".kid（頁面不存在）">.kid</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=.kids&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".kids（頁面不存在）">.kids</a></li> <li><span class="ilh-all" data-orig-title=".music" data-lang-code="en" data-lang-name="英語" data-foreign-title=".music"><span class="ilh-page"><a href="/w/index.php?title=.music&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title=".music（頁面不存在）">.music</a></span><span class="noprint ilh-comment">（<span class="ilh-lang">英語</span><span class="ilh-colon">：</span><span class="ilh-link"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.music" class="extiw" title="en:.music"><span lang="en" dir="auto">.music</span></a></span>）</span></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div>另見：<b><a href="/wiki/%E5%9C%8B%E5%AE%B6%E5%92%8C%E5%9C%B0%E5%8D%80%E9%A0%82%E7%B4%9A%E5%9F%9F" title="國家和地區頂級域">國家和地區頂級域</a></b></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84265675"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r84261037"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r79005747">.mw-parser-output .tooltip-dotted{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}</style><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r79005747"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox authority-control" aria-label="Navbox" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Help:%E8%A7%84%E8%8C%83%E6%8E%A7%E5%88%B6" title="Help:規範控制">權威控制資料庫</a>：各地 <span class="mw-valign-text-top noprint" typeof="mw:File/Frameless"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32635#identifiers" title="編輯維基數據連結"><img alt="編輯維基數據連結" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/10px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="10" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/15px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8a/OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg/20px-OOjs_UI_icon_edit-ltr-progressive.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="20" data-file-height="20" /></a></span></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Noms de domaine (Internet)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13575570n">法國</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Noms de domaine (Internet)"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb13575570n">BnF data</a></span></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4637477-2">德國</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://olduli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007551602705171">以色列</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><span class="rt-commentedText tooltip tooltip-dotted" title="Internet domain names"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" 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