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data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="shortdescription nomobile noexcerpt noprint searchaux" style="display:none">Classified US military operation involving Turkey</div> <p><b>Operation Nomad Shadow</b> is the name of a <a href="/wiki/Classified_information" title="Classified information">classified</a> <a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States">United States</a> <a href="/wiki/Military_operation" title="Military operation">military operation</a> that may have begun in November 2007 to share <a href="/wiki/Military_intelligence" title="Military intelligence">intelligence</a> information between the U.S. and the <a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Republic of Turkey</a>. The operation may involve only a few dozen U.S. servicemembers at any one time plus an unknown number of Turkish officials. A U.S. military-affiliated newspaper claimed the operation "reportedly provided Turkey with intelligence on <a href="/wiki/Kurdish_people" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish people">Kurdish</a> <a href="/wiki/Separatists" class="mw-redirect" title="Separatists">separatists</a> ahead of Turkey’s incursion into northern <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> in December 2007."<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>U.S. servicemembers who <a href="/wiki/Military_deployment" title="Military deployment">deployed</a> in support of Operation Nomad Shadow may have also had been concurrently attached to support <a href="/wiki/Operation_Iraqi_Freedom" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Iraqi Freedom">Operation Iraqi Freedom</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 2013 the armed Kurdish <a href="/wiki/Guerrilla_warfare" title="Guerrilla warfare">guerrilla</a> <a href="/wiki/List_of_guerrilla_movements" title="List of guerrilla movements">movement</a> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">PKK</a> claimed to have shot down a U.S. drone patrolling the <a href="/wiki/Iraq-Turkey_border" class="mw-redirect" title="Iraq-Turkey border">Iraq-Turkey border</a> as part of the program.<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Location">Location</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomad_Shadow&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Location"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></li> <li>Northern <a href="/wiki/Iraq" title="Iraq">Iraq</a> (north of the <a href="/wiki/36th_parallel_north" title="36th parallel north">36th parallel north</a>)<sup id="cite_ref-Talon.Herbison_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Talon.Herbison-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomad_Shadow&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Global_War_on_Terrorism_Expeditionary_Medal" title="Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal">Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary Medal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Global_War_on_Terrorism_Service_Medal" title="Global War on Terrorism Service Medal">Global War on Terrorism Service Medal</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nomad_Shadow&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.stripes.com/article.asp?section=104&article=59835">"DOD expands medal eligibility"</a>. <i>Stars and Stripes</i>. 2009-01-07<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Stars+and+Stripes&rft.atitle=DOD+expands+medal+eligibility&rft.date=2009-01-07&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.stripes.com%2Farticle.asp%3Fsection%3D104%26article%3D59835&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANomad+Shadow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.today/20120717105658/http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123130096">"DOD officials expand eligibility for expeditionary medal"</a>. <i>Air Force News Service</i>. 2009-01-05. Archived from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.af.mil/news/story.asp?id=123130096">the original</a> on 2012-07-17<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">2009-01-06</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Air+Force+News+Service&rft.atitle=DOD+officials+expand+eligibility+for+expeditionary+medal&rft.date=2009-01-05&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.af.mil%2Fnews%2Fstory.asp%3Fid%3D123130096&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANomad+Shadow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://washingtonpost.com/world/national-security/us-military-drone-surveillance-is-expanding-to-hot-spots-beyond-declared-combat-zones/2013/07/20/0a57fbda-ef1c-11e2-8163-2c7021381a75_story.html">"U.S. military drone surveillance is expanding to hot spots beyond declared combat zones."</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Talon.Herbison-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Talon.Herbison_4-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://prhome.defense.gov/Portals/52/Documents/RFM/MPP/OEPM/docs/GWOT-E%20Medal%20-%20Approved%20AOEs%20for%20Ops%20-%202015%2003%2011.pdf">"Global War on Terrorism Expeditionary (GWOT-E) Medal Approved Areas of Eligibility (AOE)"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. Department of Defense<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">8 November</span> 2015</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Global+War+on+Terrorism+Expeditionary+%28GWOT-E%29+Medal+Approved+Areas+of+Eligibility+%28AOE%29&rft.pub=Department+of+Defense&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fprhome.defense.gov%2FPortals%2F52%2FDocuments%2FRFM%2FMPP%2FOEPM%2Fdocs%2FGWOT-E%2520Medal%2520-%2520Approved%2520AOEs%2520for%2520Ops%2520-%25202015%252003%252011.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3ANomad+Shadow" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline 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.navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}body.skin--responsive .mw-parser-output .navbox-image img{max-width:none!important}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .navbox{display:none!important}}</style></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Kurdistan_Workers&#039;_Party_insurgency502" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239400231">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}@media(prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .navbar li a abbr{color:var(--color-base)!important}}@media print{.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:none!important}}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="Template:Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="Template talk:Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict_(1978%E2%80%93present)" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Kurdish–Turkish conflict (1978–present)"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Kurdistan_Workers&#039;_Party_insurgency502" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency">Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency</a></div></th></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div> <ul><li>Timelines <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(1978%E2%80%932015)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (1978–2015)">1978–2015</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(2015%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (2015–present)">2015–present</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkish_insurgency_detailed_map" title="Template:Turkish insurgency detailed map">Map</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey">Turkey</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">State</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Politics_of_Turkey" title="Politics of Turkey">Government</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Security_Council_(Turkey)" title="National Security Council (Turkey)">National Security Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Armed_Forces" title="Turkish Armed Forces">Military</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Land_Forces" title="Turkish Land Forces">Army</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Air_Force" title="Turkish Air Force">Air Force</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Naval_Forces" title="Turkish Naval Forces">Navy</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_General_Command" title="Gendarmerie General Command">Gendarmerie</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Coast_Guard_Command_(Turkey)" title="Coast Guard Command (Turkey)">Coast Guard</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/General_Directorate_of_Security_(Turkey)" title="General Directorate of Security (Turkey)">Police</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Intelligence_Organization" title="National Intelligence Organization">MİT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Village_guard_system" title="Village guard system">Village Guards</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Deep_state_in_Turkey" title="Deep state in Turkey">Deep state</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Guerrilla" title="Counter-Guerrilla">Counter-Guerrilla</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Grey_Wolves_(organization)" title="Grey Wolves (organization)">Grey Wolves</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Revenge_Brigade" title="Turkish Revenge Brigade">Turkish Revenge Brigade</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Susurluk_scandal" title="Susurluk scandal">Susurluk scandal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ergenekon_(organization)" title="Ergenekon (organization)">Ergenekon</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gendarmerie_Intelligence_Organization" title="Gendarmerie Intelligence Organization">JİTEM</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Kurds" title="Kurds">Kurdish</a> groups</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Insurgent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/23px-Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/35px-Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2e/Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/45px-Flag_of_Koma_Civak%C3%AAn_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="3000" data-file-height="2000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Communities_Union" title="Kurdistan Communities Union">KCK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg/23px-Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg/35px-Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/df/Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg/45px-Flag_of_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="Kurdistan Workers' Party">PKK</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party" title="History of the Kurdistan Workers' Party">History</a></li></ul></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg/23px-Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg/35px-Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6e/Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg/46px-Flag_of_H%C3%AAz%C3%AAn_Parastina_Gel.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/People%27s_Defence_Forces" title="People's Defence Forces">People's Defence Forces</a> (HPG)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg/23px-Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="13" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg/35px-Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg/46px-Flag_of_YJA-Star.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Free_Women%27s_Units" title="Free Women's Units">Free Women's Units</a> (YJA-STAR)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/National_Liberation_Front_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="National Liberation Front of Kurdistan">National Liberation Front of Kurdistan</a> (ERNK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Liberation_Forces_OF_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Liberation Forces OF Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Liberation Forces OF Kurdistan</a> (HRK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Liberation_Army_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="People's Liberation Army of Kurdistan">People's Liberation Army of Kurdistan</a> (ARGK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_People%27s_Union_of_Kurdish&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Democratic People's Union of Kurdish (page does not exist)">Democratic People's Union of Kurdish</a> (YDK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Democratic_Society_Coordination_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Democratic Society Coordination of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Democratic Society Coordination of Kurdistan</a> (CDK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Women%27s_Union_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Women's Union of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Free Women's Union of Kurdistan</a> (YAJK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Workers%27_Women_Party_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Workers' Women Party of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Workers' Women Party of Kurdistan</a> (PJKK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Women_Party&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Women Party (page does not exist)">Free Women Party</a> (PJA)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Free_Women%27s_Party_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Free Women's Party of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Free Women's Party of Kurdistan</a> (PAJK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Women%27s_Liberation_Movement_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Women's Liberation Movement of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Women's Liberation Movement of Kurdistan</a> (KJB)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Freedom_and_Democracy_Congress_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Freedom and Democracy Congress of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Freedom and Democracy Congress of Kurdistan</a> (KADEK)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=People%27s_Congress_(Turkey)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="People's Congress (Turkey) (page does not exist)">People's Congress</a> (Kongra-Gel)</li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Confederation_Community_of_Kurdistan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Confederation Community of Kurdistan (page does not exist)">Confederation Community of Kurdistan</a> (KKK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_Party_of_Kurdistan" title="Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan">Revolutionary Party of Kurdistan</a> (PŞK)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Workers_Vanguard_Party_of_Kurdistan" title="Workers Vanguard Party of Kurdistan">Workers Vanguard Party of Kurdistan</a> (PPKK)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/InfoboxTAK.png/20px-InfoboxTAK.png" decoding="async" width="20" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/InfoboxTAK.png/31px-InfoboxTAK.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d3/InfoboxTAK.png/40px-InfoboxTAK.png 2x" data-file-width="260" data-file-height="195" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Freedom_Hawks" title="Kurdistan Freedom Hawks">TAK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_the_Kurdistan_Democratic_Party_North.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Kurdistan_Democratic_Party_North.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_the_Kurdistan_Democratic_Party_North.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Kurdistan_Democratic_Party_North.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c7/Flag_of_the_Kurdistan_Democratic_Party_North.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Kurdistan_Democratic_Party_North.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Democratic_Party/North" title="Kurdistan Democratic Party/North">KDP/N</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/23px-Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/35px-Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/6/6b/Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg/45px-Flag_of_Partiya_Jiyana_Azad_a_Kurdistan%C3%AA.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Free_Life_Party" title="Kurdistan Free Life Party">PJAK</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b6/Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg/45px-Flag_of_the_Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1000" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Communist_Party_of_Kurdistan" class="mw-redirect" title="Communist Party of Kurdistan">KKP</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Free_Youth_Movement" title="Free Youth Movement">Free Youth Movement of Kurdistan</a> (TECAK)</li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MLKP_Badge.svg/15px-MLKP_Badge.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MLKP_Badge.svg/23px-MLKP_Badge.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/MLKP_Badge.svg/30px-MLKP_Badge.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="500" data-file-height="500" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Marxist%E2%80%93Leninist_Communist_Party_(Turkey)" title="Marxist–Leninist Communist Party (Turkey)">Marxist–Leninist Communist Party</a> (MLKP)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/YDG-H" title="YDG-H">Patriotic Revolutionary Youth Movement</a> (YDG-H)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamic_Party_of_Kurdistan" title="Islamic Party of Kurdistan">PIK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdistan_Islamic_Movement_(Turkey)" title="Kurdistan Islamic Movement (Turkey)">HİK</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Hezbollah" title="Kurdish Hezbollah">KH</a> <small>(<a href="/wiki/Free_Cause_Party" title="Free Cause Party">Hüda-Par</a>)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Allies</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Revolutionary_People%27s_Party_(Turkey,_illegal)" class="mw-redirect" title="Revolutionary People's Party (Turkey, illegal)">DHP</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Revolution_Party_of_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Revolution Party of Turkey (page does not exist)">TDP</a></li> <li><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ASALA_logo.png/15px-ASALA_logo.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ASALA_logo.png/23px-ASALA_logo.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/9f/ASALA_logo.png/30px-ASALA_logo.png 2x" data-file-width="491" data-file-height="490" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Armenian_Secret_Army_for_the_Liberation_of_Armenia" title="Armenian Secret Army for the Liberation of Armenia">ASALA</a> <small>(until the late 1980s)</small></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_Independence_Movement_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish Independence Movement in Turkey">Political</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Labour_Party_(Turkey)" title="People's Labour Party (Turkey)">HEP</a> (1990–1993)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democracy_Party_(Turkey)" title="Democracy Party (Turkey)">DEP</a> (1993–1994)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/People%27s_Democracy_Party" title="People's Democracy Party">HADEP</a> (1994–2003)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_People%27s_Party_(Turkey)" title="Democratic People's Party (Turkey)">DEHAP</a> (1997–2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Society_Party#Background" title="Democratic Society Party">DTH</a> (2005)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Society_Party" title="Democratic Society Party">DTP</a> (2005–2009)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peace_and_Democracy_Party" title="Peace and Democracy Party">BDP</a> (2008–2014)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Democratic_Party_(Turkey)" title="Peoples' Democratic Party (Turkey)">HDP</a> (2012–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Democratic_Regions_Party" title="Democratic Regions Party">DBP</a> (2014–present)</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Peoples%27_Equality_and_Democracy_Party" title="Peoples' Equality and Democracy Party">DEM</a> (2023–present)</li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">The conflict</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">1974–1984</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Political_violence_in_Turkey_(1976%E2%80%931980)" title="Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)">Political violence in Turkey (1976–1980)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mara%C5%9F_massacre" title="Maraş massacre">Maraş massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1980_Turkish_coup_d%27%C3%A9tat" title="1980 Turkish coup d'état">1980 Turkish coup d'état</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">1984–1999</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1984_PKK_attacks" title="1984 PKK attacks">1984 PKK attacks</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Karage%C3%A7it_village_massacre" title="Karageçit village massacre">Karageçit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_1986_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="August 1986 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">August 1986 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ortaba%C4%9F_Massacre" class="mw-redirect" title="Ortabağ Massacre">Ortabağ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_1987_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="March 1987 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">March 1987 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/P%C4%B1narc%C4%B1k_massacre" title="Pınarcık massacre">Pınarcık massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ye%C5%9Filova_incident" title="Yeşilova incident">Yeşilova incident</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Battle_of_%C5%9E%C4%B1rnak" class="mw-redirect" title="Battle of Şırnak">Battle of Şırnak</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=1992_Ta%C5%9Fdelen_attack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="1992 Taşdelen attack (page does not exist)">1992 Taşdelen attack</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Battle_of_Kulp&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Battle of Kulp (page does not exist)">Battle of Kulp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Northern_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="Operation Northern Iraq">Operation Northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_24,_1993_PKK_attack" class="mw-redirect" title="May 24, 1993 PKK attack">May 24, 1993 PKK attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ba%C5%9Fba%C4%9Flar_massacre" title="Başbağlar massacre">Başbağlar massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lice_massacre" title="Lice massacre">Lice massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_army_winter_campaign_of_1994%E2%80%931995" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish army winter campaign of 1994–1995">Winter Campaign of 1994–1995</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Steel" title="Operation Steel">Operation Steel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Hawk" title="Operation Hawk">Operation Hawk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Tokat" title="Operation Tokat">Operation Tokat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1996_Tunceli_bombing" title="1996 Tunceli bombing">1996 Tunceli bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_Varto&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Siege of Varto (page does not exist)">Siege of Varto</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sazak_assault" title="Sazak assault">Sazak assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Hammer_(1997)" title="Operation Hammer (1997)">Operation Hammer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Dawn_(1997)" title="Operation Dawn (1997)">Operation Dawn</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Murat" title="Operation Murat">Operation Murat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1999_Istanbul_bombings" title="1999 Istanbul bombings">1999 Istanbul bombings</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Blue_Market_massacre" title="Blue Market massacre">Blue Market massacre</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">1999–2004</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=2000_Turkish_Hezbollah_crackdown&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2000 Turkish Hezbollah crackdown (page does not exist)">2000 Turkish Hezbollah crackdown</a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">2004–2012</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2005_Ku%C5%9Fadas%C4%B1_minibus_bombing" title="2005 Kuşadası minibus bombing">2005 Kuşadası minibus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2007_Ankara_bombing" title="2007 Ankara bombing">2007 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2007_clashes_in_Hakk%C3%A2ri" title="October 2007 clashes in Hakkâri">October 2007 clashes in Hakkâri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2007_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="December 2007 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">December 2007 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Diyarbak%C4%B1r_bombing" title="2008 Diyarbakır bombing">2008 Diyarbakır bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">2008 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Istanbul_bombings" title="2008 Istanbul bombings">2008 Istanbul bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_Akt%C3%BCt%C3%BCn_attack" title="2008 Aktütün attack">October 2008 Aktütün attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Re%C5%9Fadiye_shooting" title="Reşadiye shooting">Reşadiye shooting</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_%C4%B0skenderun_attack" title="2010 İskenderun attack">2010 İskenderun attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Hakk%C3%A2ri_bus_bombing" class="mw-redirect" title="2010 Hakkâri bus bombing">2010 Hakkâri bus bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_Istanbul_bombing" title="2010 Istanbul bombing">2010 Istanbul bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/August_2011_Turkey%E2%80%93Iraq_cross-border_raids" title="August 2011 Turkey–Iraq cross-border raids">August 2011 Turkey–Iraq cross-border raids</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011_Hakk%C3%A2ri_attack" title="2011 Hakkâri attack">2011 Hakkâri attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Roboski_massacre" title="Roboski massacre">Roboski massacre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/June%E2%80%93August_2012_Hakkari_clashes" title="June–August 2012 Hakkari clashes">June–August 2012 Hakkari clashes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2012_Gaziantep_bombing" title="2012 Gaziantep bombing">2012 Gaziantep bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/September_2012_Beyt%C3%BC%C5%9F%C5%9Febap_attack" title="September 2012 Beytüşşebap attack">September 2012 Beytüşşebap attack</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_the_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_insurgency_(2015%E2%80%93present)" title="Timeline of the Kurdistan Workers' Party insurgency (2015–present)">2015–present</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/2015_Siirt_bombing" title="2015 Siirt bombing">2015 Siirt bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Martyr_Yal%C3%A7%C4%B1n" title="Operation Martyr Yalçın">Operation Martyr Yalçın</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2015_Hakkari_assault" title="2015 Hakkari assault">2015 Hakkari assault</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Silvan_(2015)" title="Siege of Silvan (2015)">Siege of Silvan (2015)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9E%C4%B1rnak_clashes_(2015%E2%80%932016)" title="Şırnak clashes (2015–2016)">Şırnak clashes (2015–2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Siege_of_Sur_(2016)" title="Siege of Sur (2016)">Siege of Sur (2016)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Lice_bombing" title="February 2016 Lice bombing">February 2016 Lice bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_2016_Ankara_bombing" title="February 2016 Ankara bombing">February 2016 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2016_Ankara_bombing" title="March 2016 Ankara bombing">March 2016 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/March_2016_Turkish_incursion_into_northern_Iraq" title="March 2016 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq">March 2016 Turkish incursion into northern Iraq</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Bursa_bombing" title="2016 Bursa bombing">2016 Bursa bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_D%C3%BCr%C3%BCml%C3%BC_bombing" title="May 2016 Dürümlü bombing">May 2016 Dürümlü bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/May_2016_Diyarbak%C4%B1r_bombing" title="May 2016 Diyarbakır bombing">May 2016 Diyarbakır bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Cizre_bombing" title="2016 Cizre bombing">2016 Cizre bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2016_Elaz%C4%B1%C4%9F_bombing" title="2016 Elazığ bombing">2016 Elazığ bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Deryan_Aktert" title="Assassination of Deryan Aktert">Assassination of Deryan Aktert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2016_Istanbul_bombings" title="December 2016 Istanbul bombings">December 2016 Istanbul bombings</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2017_Diyarbak%C4%B1r_bombing" title="2017 Diyarbakır bombing">2017 Diyarbakır bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_airstrikes_on_Sinjar_(2018)" title="Turkish airstrikes on Sinjar (2018)">Turkish airstrikes on Sinjar (2018)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Siirt_raid" title="2018 Siirt raid">2018 Siirt raid</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2018_Gerc%C3%BC%C5%9F_bombing" title="2018 Gercüş bombing">2018 Gercüş bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2019_Turkish_offensive_into_north-eastern_Syria" title="2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria">2019 Turkish offensive into north-eastern Syria</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2020_%C4%B0skenderun_shootout" title="2020 İskenderun shootout">2020 İskenderun shootout</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Eagle_2" title="Operation Claw-Eagle 2">Operation Claw-Eagle 2</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Lock" title="Operation Claw-Lock">Operation Claw-Lock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakho_resort_attack" title="Zakho resort attack">Zakho resort attack</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2022_Mersin_attack&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2022 Mersin attack (page does not exist)">2022 Mersin attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Operation_Claw-Sword" title="Operation Claw-Sword">Operation Claw-Sword</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Ankara_bombing" title="2023 Ankara bombing">2023 Ankara bombing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/October_2023_Northeastern_Syria_clashes" class="mw-redirect" title="October 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes">October 2023 Northeastern Syria clashes</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Protests</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/Serhildan" title="Serhildan">Serhildan</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1990_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1990 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">1990</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=March_1991_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="March 1991 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">1991</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nowruz_1992_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nowruz 1992 protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">1992</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/February_1999_Kurdish_protests" title="February 1999 Kurdish protests">1999</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=February_2001_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="February 2001 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2001</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=November_2005_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="November 2005 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2005</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=2006_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="2006 Kurdish protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2006</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Nowruz_2008_protests_in_Turkey&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Nowruz 2008 protests in Turkey (page does not exist)">2008</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/December_2009_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey" title="December 2009 Kurdish protests in Turkey">2009</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2011%E2%80%932012_Kurdish_protests_in_Turkey" title="2011–2012 Kurdish protests in Turkey">2011–2012</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2014_Koban%C3%AE_protests" title="2014 Kobanî protests">2014</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Others</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mothers_of_Diyarbak%C4%B1r" title="Mothers of Diyarbakır">Mothers of Diyarbakır</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Peace process<br />and peace efforts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/1991%E2%80%932004_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_peace_initiatives" title="1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives">1991–2004 Kurdish–Turkish peace initiatives</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013%E2%80%932015_PKK%E2%80%93Turkey_peace_process" title="2013–2015 PKK–Turkey peace process">2013–2015 Solution process</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/1993_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_ceasefire" title="1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire">1993 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musa_Anter_peace_train" title="Musa Anter peace train">Musa Anter peace train</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2009%E2%80%932010_Kurdistan_Workers%27_Party_ceasefire" title="2009–2010 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire">2009–2010 Kurdistan Workers' Party ceasefire</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Kurdish leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Insurgent</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_%C3%96calan" title="Abdullah Öcalan">Abdullah Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murat_Karay%C4%B1lan" title="Murat Karayılan">Murat Karayılan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cem%C3%AEl_Bayik" title="Cemîl Bayik">Cemîl Bayik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bahoz_Erdal" title="Bahoz Erdal">Bahoz Erdal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mustafa_Karasu" title="Mustafa Karasu">Mustafa Karasu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Duran_Kalkan" title="Duran Kalkan">Duran Kalkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdul_Rahman_Haji_Ahmadi" title="Abdul Rahman Haji Ahmadi">Haji Ahmadi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_%C3%96calan" title="Osman Öcalan">Osman Öcalan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mahsum_Korkmaz" title="Mahsum Korkmaz">Mahsum Korkmaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C5%9Eemdin_Sak%C4%B1k" title="Şemdin Sakık">Şemdin Sakık</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nizamettin_Ta%C5%9F" title="Nizamettin Taş">Nizamettin Taş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazlum_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Mazlum Doğan">Mazlum Doğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_Salih_Mustafa" title="Muhammad Salih Mustafa">Muhammad Mustafa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCseyin_Velio%C4%9Flu" title="Hüseyin Velioğlu">Hüseyin Velioğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Celal_Ba%C5%9Fkale" title="Celal Başkale">Celal Başkale</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smail_%C3%96zden" title="İsmail Özden">İsmail Özden</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Fehmi_I%C5%9F%C4%B1klar" title="Ahmet Fehmi Işıklar">Ahmet Fehmi Işıklar</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_Kaya" title="Yaşar Kaya">Yaşar Kaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Leyla_Zana" title="Leyla Zana">Leyla Zana</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hatip_Dicle" title="Hatip Dicle">Hatip Dicle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Orhan_Do%C4%9Fan" title="Orhan Doğan">Orhan Doğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_T%C3%BCrk" title="Ahmet Türk">Ahmet Türk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Murat_Bozlak" title="Murat Bozlak">Murat Bozlak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tuncer_Bak%C4%B1rhan" title="Tuncer Bakırhan">Tuncer Bakırhan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aysel_Tu%C4%9Fluk" title="Aysel Tuğluk">Aysel Tuğluk</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Selahattin_Demirta%C5%9F" title="Selahattin Demirtaş">Selahattin Demirtaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurettin_Demirta%C5%9F" title="Nurettin Demirtaş">Nurettin Demirtaş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ayla_Akat_Ata" title="Ayla Akat Ata">Ayla Akat Ata</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/G%C3%BCltan_K%C4%B1%C5%9Fanak" title="Gültan Kışanak">Gültan Kışanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pervin_Buldan" title="Pervin Buldan">Pervin Buldan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Emine_Ayna" title="Emine Ayna">Emine Ayna</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sebahat_Tuncel" title="Sebahat Tuncel">Sebahat Tuncel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kemal_Burkay" title="Kemal Burkay">Kemal Burkay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fatma_Kurtulan" title="Fatma Kurtulan">Fatma Kurtulan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Osman_Baydemir" title="Osman Baydemir">Osman Baydemir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C4%B1rr%C4%B1_S%C3%BCreyya_%C3%96nder" title="Sırrı Süreyya Önder">Sırrı Süreyya Önder</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Turkish leaders</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Military</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kenan_Evren" title="Kenan Evren">Kenan Evren</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tahsin_%C5%9Eahinkaya" title="Tahsin Şahinkaya">Tahsin Şahinkaya</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClend_Ulusu" title="Bülend Ulusu">Bülend Ulusu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nurettin_Ersin" title="Nurettin Ersin">Nurettin Ersin</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necdet_%C3%9Cru%C4%9F" title="Necdet Üruğ">Necdet Üruğ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necip_Torumtay" title="Necip Torumtay">Necip Torumtay</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/E%C5%9Fref_Bitlis" title="Eşref Bitlis">Eşref Bitlis</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Do%C4%9Fan_G%C3%BCre%C5%9F" title="Doğan Güreş">Doğan Güreş</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0smail_Hakk%C4%B1_Karaday%C4%B1" title="İsmail Hakkı Karadayı">İsmail Hakkı Karadayı</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/H%C3%BCseyin_K%C4%B1vr%C4%B1ko%C4%9Flu" title="Hüseyin Kıvrıkoğlu">Hüseyin Kıvrıkoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hilmi_%C3%96zk%C3%B6k" title="Hilmi Özkök">Hilmi Özkök</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0brahim_F%C4%B1rt%C4%B1na" title="İbrahim Fırtına">İbrahim Fırtına</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Faruk_C%C3%B6mert" title="Faruk Cömert">Faruk Cömert</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ya%C5%9Far_B%C3%BCy%C3%BCkan%C4%B1t" title="Yaşar Büyükanıt">Yaşar Büyükanıt</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Aydo%C4%9Fan_Babao%C4%9Flu" title="Aydoğan Babaoğlu">Aydoğan Babaoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/%C4%B0lker_Ba%C5%9Fbu%C4%9F" title="İlker Başbuğ">İlker Başbuğ</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/I%C5%9F%C4%B1k_Ko%C5%9Faner" title="Işık Koşaner">Işık Koşaner</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdal_Ceylano%C4%9Flu" title="Erdal Ceylanoğlu">Erdal Ceylanoğlu</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necdet_%C3%96zel" title="Necdet Özel">Necdet Özel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hayri_K%C4%B1vr%C4%B1ko%C4%9Flu" title="Hayri Kıvrıkoğlu">Hayri Kıvrıkoğlu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Political</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turgut_%C3%96zal" title="Turgut Özal">Turgut Özal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Demirel" title="Süleyman Demirel">Süleyman Demirel</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/B%C3%BClent_Ecevit" title="Bülent Ecevit">Bülent Ecevit</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ali_Bozer" title="Ali Bozer">Ali Bozer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Y%C4%B1ld%C4%B1r%C4%B1m_Akbulut" title="Yıldırım Akbulut">Yıldırım Akbulut</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Erdal_%C4%B0n%C3%B6n%C3%BC" title="Erdal İnönü">Erdal İnönü</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tansu_%C3%87iller" title="Tansu Çiller">Tansu Çiller</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mesut_Y%C4%B1lmaz" title="Mesut Yılmaz">Mesut Yılmaz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Necmettin_Erbakan" title="Necmettin Erbakan">Necmettin Erbakan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ahmet_Necdet_Sezer" title="Ahmet Necdet Sezer">Ahmet Necdet Sezer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Abdullah_G%C3%BCl" title="Abdullah Gül">Abdullah Gül</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Recep_Tayyip_Erdo%C4%9Fan" title="Recep Tayyip Erdoğan">Recep Tayyip Erdoğan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/S%C3%BCleyman_Soylu" title="Süleyman Soylu">Süleyman Soylu</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">See also</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em"><a href="/wiki/List_of_monuments_and_memorials_to_the_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="List of monuments and memorials to the Kurdish–Turkish conflict">Memorials, monuments</a> <br />and <a href="/wiki/List_of_military_cemeteries_to_the_Kurdish%E2%80%93Turkish_conflict" class="mw-redirect" title="List of military cemeteries to the Kurdish–Turkish conflict">military cemeteries</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/33_Martyrs_Memorial" title="33 Martyrs Memorial">33 Martyrs Memorial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/D%C3%BCzce_Military_Cemetery" title="Düzce Military Cemetery">Düzce Military Cemetery</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Monument_of_the_Martyrs_of_Internal_Security" title="Monument of the Martyrs of Internal Security">Monument of the Martyrs of Internal Security</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:11em">Other</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Iraqi%E2%80%93Kurdish_conflict" title="Iraqi–Kurdish conflict">Iraqi–Kurdish conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_separatism_in_Iran" title="Kurdish separatism in Iran">Kurdish separatism in Iran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rojava_conflict" title="Rojava conflict">Rojava conflict</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_rebellions_in_Turkey" class="mw-redirect" title="Kurdish rebellions in Turkey">Kurdish rebellions in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_refugees" title="Kurdish refugees">Kurdish refugees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Human_rights_of_Kurdish_people_in_Turkey" title="Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey">Human rights of Kurdish people in Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kurdish_villages_depopulated_by_Turkey" title="Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey">Kurdish villages depopulated by Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_war_crimes" title="Turkish war crimes">Turkish war crimes</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Turkish_Armed_Forces_operations_in_Northern_Iraq" class="mw-redirect" title="List of Turkish Armed Forces operations in Northern Iraq">Iraq operations</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Turkey&#124;link=Turkey_Turkey–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States444" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible autocollapse navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template:Turkey–United States relations"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Template talk:Turkey–United States relations"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Turkey–United States relations"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=Turkey&#124;link=Turkey_Turkey–United_States_relations_23x15px&#124;border_&#124;alt=United_States&#124;link=United_States444" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Turkey" title="Turkey"><img alt="Turkey" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/23px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/35px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/b4/Flag_of_Turkey.svg/45px-Flag_of_Turkey.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1200" data-file-height="800" /></a></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Turkey%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Turkey–United States relations">Turkey–United States relations</a> <span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/United_States" title="United States"><img alt="United States" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/23px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="12" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/35px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/a/a4/Flag_of_the_United_States.svg/46px-Flag_of_the_United_States.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1235" data-file-height="650" /></a></span></span></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomatic posts</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Embassy_of_Turkey,_Washington_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Embassy of Turkey, Washington D.C.">Embassy of Turkey, Washington D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_Turkey_to_the_United_States" title="List of ambassadors of Turkey to the United States">Ambassadors of Turkey to the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ambassadors_of_the_United_States_to_Turkey" title="List of ambassadors of the United States to Turkey">Ambassadors of the United States to Turkey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Consulate_General_of_the_United_States,_Istanbul" title="Consulate General of the United States, Istanbul">Consulate General of the United States, Istanbul</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Permanent_Mission_of_Turkey_to_the_United_Nations" title="Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations">Permanent Mission of Turkey to the United Nations</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_House" title="Turkish House">Turkish House</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Bureau_of_European_and_Eurasian_Affairs" title="Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs">Bureau of European and Eurasian Affairs</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Diplomacy</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Chester_concession" title="Chester concession">Chester concession</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Second_Cairo_Conference" title="Second Cairo Conference">Second Cairo Conference</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Truman_Doctrine" title="Truman Doctrine">Truman Doctrine</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zurich_Protocols" title="Zurich Protocols">Zurich Protocols</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2024_Ankara_prisoner_exchange" title="2024 Ankara prisoner exchange">2024 Ankara prisoner exchange</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Incidents</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Gourgen_Yanikian" title="Gourgen Yanikian">Gourgen Yanikian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Orhan_G%C3%BCnd%C3%BCz" title="Assassination of Orhan Gündüz">Assassination of Orhan Gündüz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/TCG_Muavenet_(DM_357)" title="TCG Muavenet (DM 357)">TCG Muavenet (DM 357)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hood_event" title="Hood event">Hood event</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2008_United_States_consulate_in_Istanbul_attack" title="2008 United States consulate in Istanbul attack">2008 United States consulate in Istanbul attack</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2013_United_States_embassy_bombing_in_Ankara" title="2013 United States embassy bombing in Ankara">2013 United States embassy bombing in Ankara</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andrew_Brunson" title="Andrew Brunson">Andrew Brunson</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Clashes_at_the_Turkish_Ambassador%27s_Residence_in_Washington,_D.C." class="mw-redirect" title="Clashes at the Turkish Ambassador's Residence in Washington, D.C.">Clashes at the Turkish Ambassador's Residence in Washington, D.C.</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assassination_of_Jamal_Khashoggi" title="Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi">Assassination of Jamal Khashoggi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2023_Turkish_drone_shootdown" title="2023 Turkish drone shootdown">2023 Turkish drone shootdown</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Investigations_into_the_Eric_Adams_administration" title="Investigations into the Eric Adams administration">Investigations into the Eric Adams administration</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_detainees_at_Guantanamo_Bay" title="Turkish detainees at Guantanamo Bay">Turkish Guantanamo Bay detainees</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/United_States_recognition_of_the_Armenian_genocide" title="United States recognition of the Armenian genocide">United States recognition of the Armenian genocide</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Military relations</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/CIA_activities_in_Turkey" title="CIA activities in Turkey">CIA activities in Turkey</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Counter-Guerrilla" title="Counter-Guerrilla">Counter-Guerrilla</a></li></ul></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Nomad Shadow</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Task_Force_Viking" title="Task Force Viking">Task Force Viking</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Denizk%C3%B6y_VLF_transmitter" title="Denizköy VLF transmitter">Denizköy VLF transmitter</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Incirlik_Air_Base" title="Incirlik Air Base">Incirlik Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Izmir_Air_Station" title="Izmir Air Station">Izmir Air Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kisecik_Radar_Station" title="Kisecik Radar Station">Kisecik Radar Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/K%C3%BCrecik_Radar_Station" title="Kürecik Radar Station">Kürecik Radar Station</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pirin%C3%A7lik_Air_Base" title="Pirinçlik Air Base">Pirinçlik Air Base</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Office_of_Defense_Cooperation_Turkey" title="Office of Defense Cooperation Turkey">Office of Defense Cooperation Turkey</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%;text-align:center;">Related</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_Empire%E2%80%93United_States_relations" title="Ottoman Empire–United States relations">Ottoman Empire–United States relations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/2010_FIBA_World_Championship_final" title="2010 FIBA World Championship final">2010 FIBA World Championship final</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_lobby_in_the_United_States" class="mw-redirect" title="Turkish lobby in the United States">Turkish lobby in the United States</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Hellenic_Institute" title="American Hellenic Institute">American Hellenic Institute</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Turkish_Society" title="American Turkish Society">American Turkish Society</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American-Turkish_Council" title="American-Turkish Council">American-Turkish Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Congressional_Caucus_on_Turkey_and_Turkish_Americans" title="Congressional Caucus on Turkey and Turkish Americans">Congressional Caucus on Turkey and Turkish Americans</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Federation_of_Turkish_American_Associations" title="Federation of Turkish American Associations">Federation of Turkish American Associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Foundation_for_Political,_Economic_and_Social_Research" title="Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research">Foundation for Political, Economic and Social Research</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Coalition_of_America" title="Turkish Coalition of America">Turkish Coalition of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Turkish_Women%27s_League_of_America" title="Turkish Women's League of America">Turkish Women's League of America</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/U.S.-Turkey_Business_Council" title="U.S.-Turkey Business Council">U.S.-Turkey Business Council</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/American_Turkish_Friendship_Association" title="American Turkish Friendship Association">American Turkish Friendship Association</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Assembly_of_Turkish_American_Associations" title="Assembly of Turkish American Associations">Assembly of Turkish American Associations</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hollings_Center" title="Hollings Center">Hollings Center</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Robert_College" title="Robert College">Robert College</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Christopher_Robert" title="Christopher Robert">Christopher Robert</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Billy_Hayes_(writer)" title="Billy Hayes (writer)">Billy Hayes</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Midnight_Express_(book)" title="Midnight Express (book)">Midnight Express</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-abovebelow" colspan="2"><div><b><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span title="Category"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/9/96/Symbol_category_class.svg/16px-Symbol_category_class.svg.png" decoding="async" width="16" height="16" class="mw-file-element" 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