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Nugraha</title> <meta name="description" content="Search results for: Akbar E Nugraha"> <meta name="keywords" content="Akbar E Nugraha"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, minimum-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <meta charset="utf-8"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/favicon.ico" type="image/x-icon" rel="shortcut icon"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/bootstrap-4.2.1/css/bootstrap.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/plugins/fontawesome/css/all.min.css" rel="stylesheet"> <link href="https://cdn.waset.org/static/css/site.css?v=150220211555" rel="stylesheet"> </head> <body> <header> <div class="container"> <nav class="navbar navbar-expand-lg navbar-light"> <a class="navbar-brand" href="https://waset.org"> <img src="https://cdn.waset.org/static/images/wasetc.png" alt="Open Science Research Excellence" title="Open Science Research Excellence" /> </a> <button class="d-block d-lg-none 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action="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search"> <div id="custom-search-input"> <div class="input-group"> <i class="fas fa-search"></i> <input type="text" class="search-query" name="q" placeholder="Author, Title, Abstract, Keywords" value="Akbar E Nugraha"> <input type="submit" class="btn_search" value="Search"> </div> </div> </form> </div> </div> <div class="row mt-3"> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Commenced</strong> in January 2007</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Frequency:</strong> Monthly</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Edition:</strong> International</div> </div> </div> <div class="col-sm-3"> <div class="card"> <div class="card-body"><strong>Paper Count:</strong> 137</div> </div> </div> </div> <h1 class="mt-3 mb-3 text-center" style="font-size:1.6rem;">Search results for: Akbar E Nugraha</h1> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">137</span> Psychometric Properties of the Eq-5d-3l and Eq-5d-5l Instruments for Health Related Quality of Life Measurement in Indonesian Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dwi%20Endarti">Dwi Endarti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Susi%20a%20Kristina"> Susi a Kristina</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rizki%20Noorizzati"> Rizki Noorizzati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20E%20Nugraha"> Akbar E Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fera%20Maharani"> Fera Maharani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kika%20a%20Putri"> Kika a Putri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Asninda%20H%20Azizah"> Asninda H Azizah</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sausanzahra%20Angganisaputri"> Sausanzahra Angganisaputri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Yunisa%20Yustikarini"> Yunisa Yustikarini</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Cost utility analysis is the most recommended pharmacoeconomic method since it allows widely comparison of cost-effectiveness results from different interventions. The method uses outcome of quality-adjusted life year (QALY) or disability-adjusted life year (DALY). Measurement of QALY requires the data of utility dan life years gained. Utility is measured with the instrument for quality of life measurement such as EQ-5D. Recently, the EQ-5D is available in two versions which are EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L. This study aimed to compare the EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L to examine the most suitable version for Indonesian population. This study was an observational study employing cross sectional approach. Data of quality of life measured with EQ-5D-3L and EQ-5D-5L were collected from several groups of population which were respondent with chronic diseases, respondent with acute diseases, and respondent from general population (without illness) in Yogyakarta Municipality, Indonesia. Convenience samples of hypertension patients (83), diabetes mellitus patients (80), and osteoarthritis patients (47), acute respiratory tract infection (81), cephalgia (43), dyspepsia (42), and respondent from general population (293) were recruited in this study. Responses on the 3L and 5L versions of EQ-5D were compared by examining the psychometric properties including agreement, internal consistency, ceiling effect, and convergent validity. Based on psychometric properties tests of EQ-5D-3L dan EQ-5D-5L, EQ-5D-5L tended to have better psychometric properties compared to EQ-5D-3L. Future studies for health related quality of life (HRQOL) measurements for pharmacoeconomic studies in Indonesia should apply EQ-5D-5L. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=EQ-5D" title="EQ-5D">EQ-5D</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Health%20Related%20Quality%20of%20Life" title=" Health Related Quality of Life"> Health Related Quality of Life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesian%20Population" title=" Indonesian Population"> Indonesian Population</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Psychometric%20Properties" title=" Psychometric Properties"> Psychometric Properties</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66133/psychometric-properties-of-the-eq-5d-3l-and-eq-5d-5l-instruments-for-health-related-quality-of-life-measurement-in-indonesian-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/66133.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">477</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">136</span> Digital Elevation Model Analysis of Potential Prone Flood Disaster Watershed Citarum Headwaters Bandung</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Faizin%20Mulia%20Rizkika">Faizin Mulia Rizkika</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Iqbal%20Jabbari%20Mufti"> Iqbal Jabbari Mufti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhammad%20R.%20Y.%20Nugraha"> Muhammad R. Y. Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fadil%20Maulidir%20Sube"> Fadil Maulidir Sube</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Flooding is an event of ponding on the flat area around the river as a result of the overflow of river water was not able to be accommodated by the river and may cause damage to the infrastructure of a region. This study aimed to analyze the data of Digital Elevation Model (DEM) for information that plays a role in the mapping of zones prone to flooding, mapping the distribution of zones prone to flooding that occurred in the Citarum upstream using secondary data and software (ArcGIS, MapInfo), this assessment was made distribution map of flooding, there were 13 counties / districts dam flood-prone areas in Bandung, and the most vulnerable districts are areas Baleendah-Dayeuhkolot-Bojongsoang-Banjaran. The area has a low slope and the same limits with boundary rivers and areas that have excessive land use, so the water catchment area is reduced. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mitigation" title="mitigation">mitigation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flood" title=" flood"> flood</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=citarum" title=" citarum"> citarum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=DEM" title=" DEM"> DEM</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63985/digital-elevation-model-analysis-of-potential-prone-flood-disaster-watershed-citarum-headwaters-bandung" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/63985.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">387</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">135</span> Flexible Mixed Model Assembly Line Design: A Strategy to Respond for Demand Uncertainty at Automotive Part Manufacturer in Indonesia</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20Yuri">T. Yuri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zagloel"> M. Zagloel</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Inaki%20M.%20Hakim"> Inaki M. Hakim</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tegu%20Bintang%20Nugraha"> Tegu Bintang Nugraha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In an era of customer centricity, automotive parts manufacturer in Indonesia must be able to keep up with the uncertainty and fluctuation of consumer demand. Flexible Manufacturing System (FMS) is a strategy to react to predicted and unpredicted changes of demand in automotive industry. This research is about flexible mixed model assembly line design through Value Stream Mapping (VSM) and Line Balancing in mixed model assembly line prior to simulation. It uses value stream mapping to identify and reduce waste while finding the best position to add or reduce manpower. Line balancing is conducted to minimize or maximize production rate while increasing assembly line productivity and efficiency. Results of this research is a recommendation of standard work combination for specifics demand scenario which can enhance assembly line efficiency and productivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automotive%20industry" title="automotive industry">automotive industry</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=demand%20uncertainty" title=" demand uncertainty"> demand uncertainty</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=flexible%20assembly%20system" title=" flexible assembly system"> flexible assembly system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=line%20balancing" title=" line balancing"> line balancing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=value%20stream%20mapping" title=" value stream mapping"> value stream mapping</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57658/flexible-mixed-model-assembly-line-design-a-strategy-to-respond-for-demand-uncertainty-at-automotive-part-manufacturer-in-indonesia" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/57658.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">330</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">134</span> Numerical Investigation of Hybrid Ferrofluid Unsteady Flow through Porous Channel</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Wajahat%20Hussain%20Khan">Wajahat Hussain Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Zubair%20Akbar%20Qureshi"> M. Zubair Akbar Qureshi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The viscous, two-dimensional, incompressible, and laminar time-dependent heat transfer flow through a ferromagnetic fluid is considered in this paper. Flow takes place in a channel between two porous walls under the influence of the magnetic field located beyond the channel. It is assumed that there are no electric field effects and the variation in the magnetic field vector that could occur within the F <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=hybrid%20ferrofluid" title="hybrid ferrofluid">hybrid ferrofluid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20transfer" title=" heat transfer"> heat transfer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=magnetic%20field" title=" magnetic field"> magnetic field</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=porous%20channel" title=" porous channel"> porous channel</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129946/numerical-investigation-of-hybrid-ferrofluid-unsteady-flow-through-porous-channel" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/129946.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">177</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">133</span> In-Situ Synthesis of Zinc-Containing MCM-41 and Investigation of Its Capacity for Removal of Hydrogen Sulfide from Crude Oil</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nastaran%20Hazrati">Nastaran Hazrati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Miran%20Beigi"> Ali Akbar Miran Beigi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Majid%20Abdouss"> Majid Abdouss</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Amir%20Vahid"> Amir Vahid</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Hydrogen sulfide is the most toxic gas of crude oil. Adsorption is an energy-efficient process used to remove undesirable compounds such as H2S in gas or liquid streams by passing the stream through a media bed composed of an adsorbent. In this study, H2S of Iran crude oil was separated via cold stripping then zinc incorporated MCM-41 was synthesized via an in-situ method. ZnO functionalized mesoporous silica samples were characterized by XRD, N2 adsorption and TEM. The obtained results of adsorption of H2S showed superior ability of all the materials and with an increase in ZnO amount adsorption was increased. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=MCM-41" title="MCM-41">MCM-41</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ZnO" title=" ZnO"> ZnO</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=H2S%20removal" title=" H2S removal"> H2S removal</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=adsorption" title=" adsorption"> adsorption</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22843/in-situ-synthesis-of-zinc-containing-mcm-41-and-investigation-of-its-capacity-for-removal-of-hydrogen-sulfide-from-crude-oil" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/22843.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">467</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">132</span> Bioaccessibility of Vitamin A Nanoemulsion: Influence of Carrier Oil and Surfactant Concentration</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=R.%20N.%20Astya">R. N. Astya</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=E.%20S.%20Nugraha"> E. S. Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=S.%20P.%20Nurheni"> S. P. Nurheni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hoerudin"> Hoerudin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Vitamin A deficiency remains to be among the major malnutrition problems in Indonesia. Vitamin A is a fat-soluble vitamin which renders it difficult to be fortified in water-based foods and beverages. Furthermore, its low solubility and stability in aqueous system may limit its bioaccessibility in the gastrointestinal tract. Nanoemulsification of vitamin A may solve these problems. The objective of this study was to investigate bioaccessibility of vitamin A (retinyl palmitate/RP) nanoemulsion as influenced by two types of carrier oil (Virgin Coconut Oil/VCO and corn oil/CO) and surfactant concentrations (polysorbate 20/Tween 20 3% and 6%). Oil in water (o/w) nanoemulsions of vitamin A was produced through a combination of high shear-high pressure homogenization technique. The results showed that RP-VCO nanoemulsions were 121.62 nm (3%) and 115.40 (6%) nm in particle size, whereas RP-CO nanoemulsions were 154.72 nm (3%) and 134.00 nm (6%) in particle size. As for VCO nanoemulsions, the bioaccessibility of vitamin A was shown to be 89.84% and 55.32%, respectively. On the other hand, CO nanoemulsions produced vitamin A bioaccessibility of 53.66% and 44.85%, respectively. In general, VCO nanoemulsions showed better bioaccessibility of vitamin A than CO nanoemulsions. In this study, RP-VCO nanoemulsion with 3% Tween 20 had the highest ζ-potential value (-26.5 mV) and produced the highest bioaccessibility of vitamin A (89.84%, P<0.05). Additionally, the vitamin A nanoemulsion was stable even for after a week of freeze and thaw treatment. Following the freeze and thaw treatment, the vitamin A nanoemulsion showed good stability without aggregation and separation. These results would be useful for designing effective vitamin A delivery systems for food and beverage applications. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bioaccessibility" title="bioaccessibility">bioaccessibility</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=carrier%20oil" title=" carrier oil"> carrier oil</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=surfactant" title=" surfactant"> surfactant</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=vitamin%20A%20nanoemulsion" title=" vitamin A nanoemulsion"> vitamin A nanoemulsion</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43027/bioaccessibility-of-vitamin-a-nanoemulsion-influence-of-carrier-oil-and-surfactant-concentration" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/43027.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">270</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">131</span> A Shift in the Structure of Economy and Synergy of University: Developing Potential Through Research and Development Center of SMEs in Jember</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Muhamad%20Nugraha">Muhamad Nugraha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Economic growth always correlate positively with the magnitude of the unemployment rate. This is caused by labor which one of important variable to keep growth in the real sector of the region. Meanwhile, the economic structure in districts of Jember showed an increase of economic activity began to shift towards the industrial sector and some other economic sectors, so they have an affects to considerations for policy makers to increase economic growth in Jember as an autonomous region in East Java Province. At the fact, SMEs is among the factors driving economic growth in the region. This is shown by the high amount of SMEs. However, employment in the sector grew slightly slowed. It is caused by a lack of productivity in SMEs. Through the analysis of the transformation of economic structure theory, and the theory of Triple Helix using descriptive analytical method Location Quotient and Shift - Share, found that the results of the economic structure in Jember slowly shifting from the agricultural sector to the industrial sector, because it is dominated by trade sector, hotel and restaurant sector. In addition, SMEs is the potential sector of economic growth in Jember. While to maximizing role and functions of the institution's Research and Development Center of SMEs, there are three points to be known, that are Business Landscape, Business Architecture and Value Added. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=economic%20growth" title="economic growth">economic growth</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SMEs" title=" SMEs"> SMEs</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=labor" title=" labor"> labor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Research%20and%20Development%20Center%20of%20SMEs" title=" Research and Development Center of SMEs"> Research and Development Center of SMEs</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3042/a-shift-in-the-structure-of-economy-and-synergy-of-university-developing-potential-through-research-and-development-center-of-smes-in-jember" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/3042.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">444</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">130</span> The Differences of Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Levels in Serum to Determine Follicular Adenoma and Follicular Carcinoma of Thyroid</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tery%20Nehemia%20Nugraha%20Joseph">Tery Nehemia Nugraha Joseph</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=J.%20D.%20P.%20Wisnubroto"> J. D. P. Wisnubroto</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Thyroid cancer is a healthcare problem with high morbidity and mortality. Follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma are thyroid tumors from the thyroid follicular cells differentiation with a microfollicular pattern that consists of follicular cuboidal cells. vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is a potent and powerful mitogen for endothelial cells and increases vascular permeability. Therefore, due to an increase in thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), VEGF production is activated in the thyroid that leads to the end of mitogenic TSH stimulation and initiation of angiogenesis. The differences in VEGF levels in the follicular carcinoma of thyroid tissue with follicular adenoma thyroid can be used as a basis in differentiating the two types of neoplasms. This study aims to analyze VEGF in the serum so that it can be used to differentiate the types of thyroid carcinoma before surgery. This study uses a cross-sectional research design. Samples were carried out by taking serum samples, and the VEGF levels were calculated. Data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney test. The results found a significant difference between VEGF levels in the follicular carcinoma thyroid group and VEGF levels in the follicular adenoma thyroid group with a value of p = 0.007 (p < 0.05). The results obtained are 560,427 ± 160,506 ng/mL in the type of follicular carcinoma thyroid and 320.943 ± 134.573 ng/mL in the type of follicular adenoma thyroid. VEGF levels between follicular adenoma and follicular carcinoma are different. VEGF levels are higher in follicular carcinoma thyroid than follicular adenoma thyroid. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=follicular%20adenoma%20thyroid" title="follicular adenoma thyroid">follicular adenoma thyroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=follicular%20carcinoma%20thyroid" title=" follicular carcinoma thyroid"> follicular carcinoma thyroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=thyroid" title=" thyroid"> thyroid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=VEGF" title=" VEGF"> VEGF</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136980/the-differences-of-vascular-endothelial-growth-factor-levels-in-serum-to-determine-follicular-adenoma-and-follicular-carcinoma-of-thyroid" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/136980.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">143</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">129</span> Prevalence and Characteristics of Torus Palatinus among Western Indonesian Population</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raka%20Aldy%20Nugraha">Raka Aldy Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kiwah%20Andanni"> Kiwah Andanni</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aditya%20Indra%20Pratama"> Aditya Indra Pratama</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aswin%20Guntara"> Aswin Guntara</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Background: Torus palatinus is a bony protuberance in the hard palate. Sex and race are considered as influencing factors for the development of torus palatinus. Hence, the objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of torus palatinus and its correlation with sex and ethnicity among Western Indonesian Population. Methods: We conducted a descriptive and analytical study employing cross-sectional design in 274 new students of Universitas Indonesia. Data were collected by using consecutive sampling method through questionnaire-filling and direct oral examination. Subject with racial background other than indigenous Indonesian Mongol were excluded from this study. Data were statistically analyzed using chi square test for categorical variables whereas logistic regression model was employed to assess the correlation between variables of interest with prevalence of torus palatinus. Results: Torus palatinus were found in 212 subjects (77.4%), mostly small in size (< 3 mm) and single in number, with percentage of 50.5% and 90.6%, respectively. The prevalence of torus palatinus were significantly higher in women (OR 2.88; 95% CI: 1.53-5.39; p = 0.001), dominated by medium-sized and single tori. There was no significant correlation between ethnicity and the occurrence of torus palatinus among Western Indonesian population. Conclusion: Torus palatinus was prevalent among Western Indonesian population. It showed significant positive correlation with sex, but not with ethnicity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=characteristic" title="characteristic">characteristic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ethnicity" title=" ethnicity"> ethnicity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Indonesia" title=" Indonesia"> Indonesia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mongoloid" title=" mongoloid"> mongoloid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=prevalence" title=" prevalence"> prevalence</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=sex" title=" sex"> sex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Torus%20palatinus" title=" Torus palatinus"> Torus palatinus</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82905/prevalence-and-characteristics-of-torus-palatinus-among-western-indonesian-population" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/82905.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">268</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">128</span> Infrared Thermography Applications for Building Investigation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hamid%20Yazdani">Hamid Yazdani</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Raheleh%20Akbar"> Raheleh Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Infrared thermography is a modern non-destructive measuring method for the examination of redeveloped and non-renovated buildings. Infrared cameras provide a means for temperature measurement in building constructions from the inside, as well as from the outside. Thus, heat bridges can be detected. It has been shown that infrared thermography is applicable for insulation inspection, identifying air leakage and heat losses sources, finding the exact position of heating tubes or for discovering the reasons why mold, moisture is growing in a particular area, and it is also used in conservation field to detect hidden characteristics, degradations of building structures. The paper gives a brief description of the theoretical background of infrared thermography. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=infrared%20thermography" title="infrared thermography">infrared thermography</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=examination%20of%20buildings" title=" examination of buildings"> examination of buildings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=emissivity" title=" emissivity"> emissivity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=heat%20losses%20sources" title=" heat losses sources"> heat losses sources</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15901/infrared-thermography-applications-for-building-investigation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/15901.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">520</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">127</span> Characterization of Monoids by a New Generalization of Flatness Property</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahdiyeh%20Abbasi">Mahdiyeh Abbasi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Golchin"> Akbar Golchin</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> It is well-known that, using principal weak flatness property, some important monoids are characterized, such as regular monoids, left almost regular monoids, and so on. In this article, we define a generalization of principal weak flatness called GP-Flatness, and will characterize monoids by this property of their right (Rees factor) acts. Also we investigate new classes of monoids called generally regular monoids and generally left almost regular monoids. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=G-left%20stabilizing" title="G-left stabilizing">G-left stabilizing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=GP-flatness" title=" GP-flatness"> GP-flatness</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=generally%20regular" title=" generally regular"> generally regular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=principal%20weak%20flatness" title=" principal weak flatness"> principal weak flatness</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36458/characterization-of-monoids-by-a-new-generalization-of-flatness-property" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36458.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">336</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">126</span> A Modified Shannon Entropy Measure for Improved Image Segmentation</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mohammad%20A.%20U.%20Khan">Mohammad A. U. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omar%20A.%20Kittaneh"> Omar A. Kittaneh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20Akbar"> M. Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Tariq%20M.%20Khan"> Tariq M. Khan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Husam%20A.%20Bayoud"> Husam A. Bayoud </a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The Shannon Entropy measure has been widely used for measuring uncertainty. However, in partial settings, the histogram is used to estimate the underlying distribution. The histogram is dependent on the number of bins used. In this paper, a modification is proposed that makes the Shannon entropy based on histogram consistent. For providing the benefits, two application are picked in medical image processing applications. The simulations are carried out to show the superiority of this modified measure for image segmentation problem. The improvement may be contributed to robustness shown to uneven background in images. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shannon%20entropy" title="Shannon entropy">Shannon entropy</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=medical%20image%20processing" title=" medical image processing"> medical image processing</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=image%20segmentation" title=" image segmentation"> image segmentation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=modification" title=" modification"> modification</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19414/a-modified-shannon-entropy-measure-for-improved-image-segmentation" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/19414.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">497</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">125</span> Investigating the Effects of Empowering the Employees in Managing Crimes by the Police</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Salimi">Akbar Salimi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mehdi%20Moghimi"> Mehdi Moghimi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Goal: The human resource empowerment is a new strategy in achieving a competitive advantage. The aim of the research is to understand crime management by the police by using this strategy. Method: The research is applied in terms of goal and it is a survey type research. The sample intended include all the police officers of a police station for as many as 52 people. The data were collected by a researcher made four choice questionnaire after the validity and reliability were confirmed. Findings: By regarding the Melhem pattern as the framework, four dimensions of empowerment were identified and the triangle of crime was explained and then four hypotheses proportionate to it were formulated. Results: Given the fact that the sample was all counted, all the four hypotheses were supported by using the average data received and by regarding the %50 as the criterion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=management" title="management">management</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=empowerment" title=" empowerment"> empowerment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=employees" title=" employees"> employees</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=police" title=" police"> police</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36785/investigating-the-effects-of-empowering-the-employees-in-managing-crimes-by-the-police" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/36785.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">373</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">124</span> Detection of Chaos in General Parametric Model of Infectious Disease</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Javad%20Khaligh">Javad Khaligh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Aghileh%20Heydari"> Aghileh Heydari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Heydari"> Ali Akbar Heydari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mathematical epidemiological models for the spread of disease through a population are used to predict the prevalence of a disease or to study the impacts of treatment or prevention measures. Initial conditions for these models are measured from statistical data collected from a population since these initial conditions can never be exact, the presence of chaos in mathematical models has serious implications for the accuracy of the models as well as how epidemiologists interpret their findings. This paper confirms the chaotic behavior of a model for dengue fever and SI by investigating sensitive dependence, bifurcation, and 0-1 test under a variety of initial conditions. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=epidemiological%20models" title="epidemiological models">epidemiological models</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=SEIR%20disease%20model" title=" SEIR disease model"> SEIR disease model</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=bifurcation" title=" bifurcation"> bifurcation</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=chaotic%20behavior" title=" chaotic behavior"> chaotic behavior</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=0-1%20test" title=" 0-1 test"> 0-1 test</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30790/detection-of-chaos-in-general-parametric-model-of-infectious-disease" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/30790.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">324</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">123</span> Automatic Tofu Stick Cutter to Increase the Production Capacity of Small and Medium Enterprises</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Chaca%20Nugraha%20Zaid">Chaca Nugraha Zaid</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hikmat%20Ronaldo"> Hikmat Ronaldo</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Emerald%20Falah%20Brayoga"> Emerald Falah Brayoga</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azizah%20Eddy%20Setiawati"> Azizah Eddy Setiawati</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Soviandini%20Dwiki%20Kartika%20Putri"> Soviandini Dwiki Kartika Putri</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Novita%20Wijayanti"> Novita Wijayanti</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In the tofu stick production, the manual cutting process takes a half of working day or 4 hours for 21 kg of tofu. This issue has hampered the small and medium enterprises (SMEs) to increase the capacity of production to fulfill the market demand. In order to address the issue, the cutting process should be automized to create fast, efficient, and effective tools. This innovation to tackle this problem is an automatic cutter tool that is able to move continuously to cut the tofu into stick size. The tool uses the 78,5-watt electric motor and automatic sensors to drive the cutting tool automatically, resulting faster process time with more uniform size compared to the manual cutter. The component of this tool, i.e., cutting knife and the driver, electric motor, limit switch sensors, riley, Arduino nano, and power supply. The cutting speed cutting speed of this tool is 101,25 mm/s producing 64 tofu sticks. Benefits that can be obtained from the use of automatic tofu stick cutter, i.e. (1) Faster process (2) More uniform cutting result; (3) The quality of the tofu stick is maintained due to minimal contact with humans so that contamination can be suppressed; (4) The cutting knife can be modified to the desired size of the owner. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=automatic" title="automatic">automatic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cutter" title=" cutter"> cutter</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=small%20and%20medium%20enterprise" title=" small and medium enterprise"> small and medium enterprise</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=tofu%20stick" title=" tofu stick"> tofu stick</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98000/automatic-tofu-stick-cutter-to-increase-the-production-capacity-of-small-and-medium-enterprises" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/98000.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">122</span> Evaluation of Existing Wheat Genotypes of Bangladesh in Response to Salinity</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Jahangir%20Alam">Jahangir Alam</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ayman%20El%20Sabagh"> Ayman El Sabagh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Kamrul%20Hasan"> Kamrul Hasan</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shafiqul%20Islam%20Sikdar"> Shafiqul Islam Sikdar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Celaleddin%20Barut%C3%A7ular"> Celaleddin Barutçular</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sohidul%20Islam"> Sohidul Islam</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The experiment (Germination test and seedling growth) was carried out at the laboratory of Agronomy Department, Hajee Mohammad Danesh Science and Technology University (HSTU), Dinajpur, Bangladesh during January 2014. Germination and seedling growth of 22 existing wheat genotypes in Bangladesh viz. Kheri, Kalyansona, Sonora, Sonalika, Pavon, Kanchan, Akbar, Barkat, Aghrani, Prativa, Sourab, Gourab, Shatabdi, Sufi, Bijoy, Prodip, BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 26, BARI Gom 27, BARI Gom 28, Durum and Triticale were tested with three salinity levels (0, 100 and 200 mM NaCl) for 10 days in sand culture in small plastic pot. Speed of germination as expressed by germination percentage (GP), rate of germination (GR), germination coefficient (GC) and germination vigor index (GVI) of all wheat genotypes was delayed and germination percentage was reduced due to salinization compared to control. The lower reduction of GP, GR, GC and VI due to salinity was observed in BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi, Sonora, and Akbbar and higher reduction was recorded in BARI Gom 26, Duram, Triticale, Sufi and Kheri. Shoot and root lengths, fresh and dry weights were found to be affected due to salinization and shoot was more affected than root. Under saline conditions, longer shoot and root length were recorded in BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Akbar, and Shatabdi, i.e. less reduction of shoot and root lengths was observed while, BARI Gom 26, Duram, Prodip and Triticale produced shorted shoot and root lengths. In this study, genotypes BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi, Sonora and Aghrani showed better performance in terms shoot and root growth (fresh and dry weights) and proved to be tolerant genotypes to salinity. On the other hand, Duram, BARI Gom 26, Triticale, Kheri and Prodip affected seriously in terms of fresh and dry weights by the saline environment. BARI Gom 25, BARI Gom 27, Shatabdi, Sonora and Aghrani showed more salt tolerance index (STI) based on shoot dry weight while, BARI Gom 26, Triticale, Durum, Sufi, Prodip and Kalyanson demonstrate lower STI value under saline conditions. Based on the most salt tolerance and susceptible trait, genotypes under 100 and 200 mM NaCl stresses can be arranged as salt tolerance genotypes: BARI Gom 25> BARI Gom 27> Shatabdi> Sonora, and salt susceptible genotypes: BARI Gom 26> Durum> Triticale> Prodip> Sufi> Kheri. Considering the experiment, it can be concluded that the BARI Gom 25 may be treated as the most salt tolerant and BARI Gom 26 as the most salt sensitive genotypes in Bangladesh. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=genotypes" title="genotypes">genotypes</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=germination" title=" germination"> germination</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=salinity" title=" salinity"> salinity</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wheat" title=" wheat"> wheat</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52275/evaluation-of-existing-wheat-genotypes-of-bangladesh-in-response-to-salinity" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/52275.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">305</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">121</span> Control of Underactuated Biped Robots Using Event Based Fuzzy Partial Feedback Linearization</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Omid%20Heydarnia">Omid Heydarnia</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Allahverdizadeh"> Akbar Allahverdizadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Behnam%20Dadashzadeh"> Behnam Dadashzadeh</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=M.%20R.%20Sayyed%20Noorani"> M. R. Sayyed Noorani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Underactuated biped robots control is one of the interesting topics in robotics. The main difficulties are its highly nonlinear dynamics, open-loop instability, and discrete event at the end of the gait. One of the methods to control underactuated systems is the partial feedback linearization, but it is not robust against uncertainties and disturbances that restrict its performance to control biped walking and running. In this paper, fuzzy partial feedback linearization is presented to overcome its drawback. Numerical simulations verify the effectiveness of the proposed method to generate stable and robust biped walking and running gaits. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=underactuated%20system" title="underactuated system">underactuated system</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biped%20robot" title=" biped robot"> biped robot</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fuzzy%20control" title=" fuzzy control"> fuzzy control</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=partial%20feedback%20linearization" title=" partial feedback linearization"> partial feedback linearization</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53744/control-of-underactuated-biped-robots-using-event-based-fuzzy-partial-feedback-linearization" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/53744.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">350</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">120</span> Reducing The Frequency of Flooding Accompanied by Low pH Wastewater In 100/200 Unit of Phosphate Fertilizer 1 Plant by Implementing The 3R Program (Reduce, Reuse and Recycle)</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Pradipta%20Risang%20Ratna%20Sambawa">Pradipta Risang Ratna Sambawa</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Driya%20Herseta"> Driya Herseta</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mahendra%20Fajri%20Nugraha"> Mahendra Fajri Nugraha</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In 2020, PT Petrokimia Gresik implemented a program to increase the ROP (Run Of Pile) production rate at the Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant, causing an increase in scrubbing water consumption in the 100/200 area unit. This increase in water consumption causes a higher discharge of wastewater, which can further cause local flooding, especially during the rainy season. The 100/200 area of the Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant is close to the warehouse and is often a passing area for trucks transporting raw materials. This causes the pH in the wastewater to become acidic (the worst point is up to pH 1). The problem of flooding and exposure to acidic wastewater in the 100/200 area of Phosphate Fertilizer Plant 1 was then resolved by PT Petrokimia Gresik through wastewater optimization steps called the 3R program (Reduce, Reuse, and Recycle). The 3R (Reduce, reuse, and recycle) program consists of an air consumption reduction program by considering the liquid/gas ratio in scrubbing unit of 100/200 Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant, creating a wastewater interconnection line so that wastewater from unit 100/200 can be used as scrubbing water in the Phonska 1, Phonska 2, Phonska 3 and unit 300 Phosphate Fertilizer 1 plant and increasing scrubbing effectiveness through scrubbing effectiveness simulations. Through a series of wastewater optimization programs, PT Petrokimia Gresik has succeeded in reducing NaOH consumption for neutralization up to 2,880 kg/day or equivalent in saving up to 314,359.76 dollars/year and reducing process water consumption up to 600 m3/day or equivalent in saving up to 63,739.62 dollars/year. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=fertilizer" title="fertilizer">fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=phosphate%20fertilizer" title=" phosphate fertilizer"> phosphate fertilizer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater" title=" wastewater"> wastewater</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=wastewater%20treatment" title=" wastewater treatment"> wastewater treatment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=water%20management" title=" water management"> water management</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188842/reducing-the-frequency-of-flooding-accompanied-by-low-ph-wastewater-in-100200-unit-of-phosphate-fertilizer-1-plant-by-implementing-the-3r-program-reduce-reuse-and-recycle" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/188842.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">26</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">119</span> Designing Electronic Kanban in Assembly Line Tailboom at XYZ Corp to Reducing Lead Time</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Nadhifah%20A.%20Nugraha">Nadhifah A. Nugraha</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Dida%20D.%20Damayanti"> Dida D. Damayanti</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Widia%20Juliani"> Widia Juliani</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Airplanes manufacturing is growing along with the increasing demand from consumers. The helicopter's tail called Tailboom is a product of the helicopter division at XYZ Corp, where the Tailboom assembly line is a pull system. Based on observations of existing conditions that occur at XYZ Corp, production is still unable to meet the demands of consumers; lead time occurs greater than the plan agreed upon by the consumers. In the assembly process, each work station experiences a lack of parts and components needed to assemble components. This happens because of the delay in getting the required part information, and there is no warning about the availability of parts needed, it makes some parts unavailable in assembly warehouse. The lack of parts and components from the previous work station causes the assembly process to stop, and the assembly line also stops at the next station. In its completion, the production time was late and not on the schedule. In resolving these problems, the controlling process is needed, which is controlling the assembly line to get all components and subassembly in the right amount and at the right time. This study applies one of Just In Time tools, namely Kanban and automation, should be added as efficiently and effectively communication line becomes electronic Kanban. The problem can be solved by reducing non-value added time, such as waiting time and idle time. The proposed results of controlling the assembly line of Tailboom result in a smooth assembly line without waiting, reduced lead time, and achieving production time according to the schedule agreed with the consumers. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=kanban" title="kanban">kanban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=e-Kanban" title=" e-Kanban"> e-Kanban</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=lead%20time" title=" lead time"> lead time</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pull%20system" title=" pull system"> pull system</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114704/designing-electronic-kanban-in-assembly-line-tailboom-at-xyz-corp-to-reducing-lead-time" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/114704.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">114</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">118</span> Ants of the Genus Trichomyrmex Mayr, 1865 (Hymenoptera: Formicidae) in the Arabian Peninsula, with Description of Two New Species</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mostafa%20R.%20Sharaf">Mostafa R. Sharaf</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shehzad%20Salman"> Shehzad Salman</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Hathal%20M.%20Al%20Dhafer"> Hathal M. Al Dhafer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Shahid%20A.%20Akbar"> Shahid A. Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Abdulrahman%20S.%20Aldawood"> Abdulrahman S. Aldawood</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The ant genus Trichomyrmex Mayr is revised for the Arabian Peninsula based on the worker caste. Nine species are recognized and descriptions of two new species, T. almosayari sp. n. and T. shakeri sp. n. from Riyadh Province, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA) are given. A key to species and diagnostic characters of the treated species are presented. New country records are presented, T. abyssinicus (Forel) for the KSA and T. destructor (Jerdon) and T. mayri (Forel) for the State of Qatar. New distribution records for T. destructor (Jerdon) and T. mayri (Forel) in the KSA are provided. Regional and world distributions, and distribution maps for the treated species are included. Ecological and biological data are given where known. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=ants" title="ants">ants</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Trichomyrmex" title=" Trichomyrmex"> Trichomyrmex</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Arabian%20Peninsula" title=" Arabian Peninsula"> Arabian Peninsula</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20almosayari" title=" T. almosayari"> T. almosayari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=T.%20shakeri" title=" T. shakeri"> T. shakeri</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47451/ants-of-the-genus-trichomyrmex-mayr-1865-hymenoptera-formicidae-in-the-arabian-peninsula-with-description-of-two-new-species" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/47451.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">347</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">117</span> Musical Instrument Recognition in Polyphonic Audio Through Convolutional Neural Networks and Spectrograms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rujia%20Chen">Rujia Chen</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Ghobakhlou"> Akbar Ghobakhlou</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ajit%20Narayanan"> Ajit Narayanan</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This study investigates the task of identifying musical instruments in polyphonic compositions using Convolutional Neural Networks (CNNs) from spectrogram inputs, focusing on binary classification. The model showed promising results, with an accuracy of 97% on solo instrument recognition. When applied to polyphonic combinations of 1 to 10 instruments, the overall accuracy was 64%, reflecting the increasing challenge with larger ensembles. These findings contribute to the field of Music Information Retrieval (MIR) by highlighting the potential and limitations of current approaches in handling complex musical arrangements. Future work aims to include a broader range of musical sounds, including electronic and synthetic sounds, to improve the model's robustness and applicability in real-time MIR systems. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=binary%20classifier" title="binary classifier">binary classifier</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CNN" title=" CNN"> CNN</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spectrogram" title=" spectrogram"> spectrogram</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=instrument" title=" instrument"> instrument</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185822/musical-instrument-recognition-in-polyphonic-audio-through-convolutional-neural-networks-and-spectrograms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/185822.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">77</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">116</span> Evaluating the Energy Efficiency Measures for an Educational Building in a Hot-Humid Region</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rafia%20Akbar">Rafia Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> This paper assesses different Energy Efficiency Measures (EEMs) and their impact on energy consumption and carbon footprint of an educational building located in Islamabad. A base case was first developed in accordance with typical construction practices in Pakistan. Several EEMs were separately applied to the baseline design to quantify their impact on operational energy reduction of the building and the resultant carbon emissions. Results indicate that by applying these measures, there is a potential to reduce energy consumption up to 49% as compared to the base case. It was observed that energy efficient ceiling fans and lights, insulation of the walls and roof and an efficient air conditioning system for the building can provide significant energy savings. The results further indicate that the initial investment cost of these energy efficiency measures can be recovered within 6 to 7 years of building’s service life. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=CO2%20savings" title="CO2 savings">CO2 savings</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=educational%20building" title=" educational building"> educational building</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=energy%20efficiency%20measures" title=" energy efficiency measures"> energy efficiency measures</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=payback%20period" title=" payback period"> payback period</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125250/evaluating-the-energy-efficiency-measures-for-an-educational-building-in-a-hot-humid-region" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/125250.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">166</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">115</span> Comparison of Various Classification Techniques Using WEKA for Colon Cancer Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Beema%20Akbar">Beema Akbar</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Varun%20P.%20Gopi"> Varun P. Gopi</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=V.%20Suresh%20Babu"> V. Suresh Babu</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Colon cancer causes the deaths of about half a million people every year. The common method of its detection is histopathological tissue analysis, it leads to tiredness and workload to the pathologist. A novel method is proposed that combines both structural and statistical pattern recognition used for the detection of colon cancer. This paper presents a comparison among the different classifiers such as Multilayer Perception (MLP), Sequential Minimal Optimization (SMO), Bayesian Logistic Regression (BLR) and k-star by using classification accuracy and error rate based on the percentage split method. The result shows that the best algorithm in WEKA is MLP classifier with an accuracy of 83.333% and kappa statistics is 0.625. The MLP classifier which has a lower error rate, will be preferred as more powerful classification capability. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=colon%20cancer" title="colon cancer">colon cancer</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=histopathological%20image" title=" histopathological image"> histopathological image</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=structural%20and%20statistical%20pattern%20recognition" title=" structural and statistical pattern recognition"> structural and statistical pattern recognition</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=multilayer%20perception" title=" multilayer perception"> multilayer perception</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17345/comparison-of-various-classification-techniques-using-weka-for-colon-cancer-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17345.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">575</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">114</span> Hydrothermal Synthesis of Mesoporous Carbon Nanospheres and Their Electrochemical Properties for Glucose Detection</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Kazemi%20Asl">Ali Akbar Kazemi Asl</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Mansour%20Rahsepar"> Mansour Rahsepar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Mesoporous carbon nanospheres (MCNs) with uniform particle size distribution having an average of 290 nm and large specific surface area (274.4 m²/g) were synthesized by a one-step hydrothermal method followed by the calcination process and then utilized as an enzyme-free glucose biosensor. Morphology, crystal structure, and porous nature of the synthesized nanospheres were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-Ray diffraction (XRD), and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller (BET) analysis, respectively. Also, the electrochemical performance of the MCNs@GCE electrode for the measurement of glucose concentration in alkaline media was investigated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), cyclic voltammetry (CV), and chronoamperometry (CA). MCNs@GCE electrode shows good sensing performance, including a rapid glucose oxidation response within 3.1 s, a wide linear range of 0.026-12 mM, a sensitivity of 212.34 μA.mM⁻¹.cm⁻², and a detection limit of 25.7 μM with excellent selectivity. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biosensor" title="biosensor">biosensor</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=electrochemical" title=" electrochemical"> electrochemical</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=glucose" title=" glucose"> glucose</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=mesoporous%20carbon" title=" mesoporous carbon"> mesoporous carbon</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=non-enzymatic" title=" non-enzymatic"> non-enzymatic</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142299/hydrothermal-synthesis-of-mesoporous-carbon-nanospheres-and-their-electrochemical-properties-for-glucose-detection" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/142299.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">190</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">113</span> Robust and Transparent Spread Spectrum Audio Watermarking</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Akbar%20Attari">Ali Akbar Attari</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Ali%20Asghar%20Beheshti%20Shirazi"> Ali Asghar Beheshti Shirazi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> In this paper, we propose a blind and robust audio watermarking scheme based on spread spectrum in Discrete Wavelet Transform (DWT) domain. Watermarks are embedded in the low-frequency coefficients, which is less audible. The key idea is dividing the audio signal into small frames, and magnitude of the 6<sup>th</sup> level of DWT approximation coefficients is modifying based upon the Direct Sequence Spread Spectrum (DSSS) technique. Also, the psychoacoustic model for enhancing in imperceptibility, as well as Savitsky-Golay filter for increasing accuracy in extraction, is used. The experimental results illustrate high robustness against most common attacks, i.e. Gaussian noise addition, Low pass filter, Resampling, Requantizing, MP3 compression, without significant perceptual distortion (ODG is higher than -1). The proposed scheme has about 83 bps data payload. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=audio%20watermarking" title="audio watermarking">audio watermarking</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=spread%20spectrum" title=" spread spectrum"> spread spectrum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=discrete%20wavelet%20transform" title=" discrete wavelet transform"> discrete wavelet transform</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=psychoacoustic" title=" psychoacoustic"> psychoacoustic</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Savitsky-Golay%20filter" title=" Savitsky-Golay filter"> Savitsky-Golay filter</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86040/robust-and-transparent-spread-spectrum-audio-watermarking" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/86040.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">200</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">112</span> Banks' Financial Performance in Pakistan from 2012-2015</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Saima%20Akbar">Saima Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> The global financial crisis severely and adversely impacted the Pakistanis’ financial setups with far-reaching consequences for its victims. This study aimed to analyze the various determinants of the banks’ financial performance in Pakistan. The stepwise multiple regression analysis and pre-post analysis were carried out in this regard by using SPSS ver 22. The study found that the assets quality is the most influential determinant of return over assets followed by bank size and solvency. Advances, liquidity, investments, and size have positive while poor assets quality and deposits have a negative impact on the return over assets. The comparison of the pre-crisis and post-crisis coefficient values of the independent variables revealed that the global financial crisis had exerted a significant impact on the relative ability of the financial performance determinants to explain variations in return over assets. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=pre-crisis" title="pre-crisis">pre-crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=post-crisis" title=" post-crisis"> post-crisis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coefficient%20values" title=" coefficient values"> coefficient values</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=determinants" title=" determinants"> determinants</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55399/banks-financial-performance-in-pakistan-from-2012-2015" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/55399.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">277</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">111</span> Critical Review of Web Content Mining Extraction Mechanisms</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Rabia%20Bashir">Rabia Bashir</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Sajjad%20Akbar"> Sajjad Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> There is an inevitable demand of web mining due to rapid increase of huge information on the Internet, but the striking variety of web structures has made required content retrieval a difficult task. To counter this issue, Web Content Mining (WCM) emerges as a potential candidate which extracts and integrates suitable resources of data to users. In past few years, research has been done on several extraction techniques for WCM i.e. agent-based, template-based, assumption-based, statistic-based, wrapper-based and machine learning. However, it is still unclear that either these approaches are efficiently tackling the significant challenges of WCM or not. To answer this question, this paper identifies these challenges such as language independency, structure flexibility, performance, automation, dynamicity, redundancy handling, intelligence, relevant content retrieval, and privacy. Further, mapping of these challenges is done with existing extraction mechanisms which helps to adopt the most suitable WCM approach, given some conditions and characteristics at hand. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=content%20mining%20challenges" title="content mining challenges">content mining challenges</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20content%20mining" title=" web content mining"> web content mining</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20content%20extraction%20approaches" title=" web content extraction approaches"> web content extraction approaches</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=web%20information%20retrieval" title=" web information retrieval"> web information retrieval</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17344/critical-review-of-web-content-mining-extraction-mechanisms" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/17344.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">548</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">110</span> Synthesis of Bismuth-Hyaluronic Acid Nanoparticles Containing Melittin Coated with Chitosan for Treating Eye Cancer Cells with Radiotherapy</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Esmaeili">Akbar Esmaeili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Fateme%20Dadashi"> Fateme Dadashi</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Bismuth can increase radiation and reduce the dose of radiotherapy. On the other hand, hyaluronic acid plays a role in healing damaged cells, and melittin has been used to destroy cancer cells. This research aims to destroy eye cancer cells and accelerate the recovery of damaged healthy cells during treatment. In this research, we used this nanoparticle, the sol-gel method. According to the optimization process that was carried out, we obtained the optimal value of the desired variables for the manufacture of nanoparticles. The advantage of doing this is reducing the amount of medicine used, as a result of reducing the number of side effects during the treatment and using melittin as an anti-eye cancer drug and the presence of hyaluronic acid to accelerate the recovery of cells, as well as coating the bismuth nanoparticle with chitosan to increase the half-life of the nanoparticle and prevent its adhesion. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=synthesis" title="synthesis">synthesis</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanoparticles" title=" nanoparticles"> nanoparticles</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=coated" title=" coated"> coated</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=cancer" title=" cancer"> cancer</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186202/synthesis-of-bismuth-hyaluronic-acid-nanoparticles-containing-melittin-coated-with-chitosan-for-treating-eye-cancer-cells-with-radiotherapy" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/186202.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">62</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">109</span> Preparation of Essential Oil Capsule (Carum Copticum) In Chitosan Nanoparticles and Investigation of Its Biological Properties</h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20Esmaeili">Akbar Esmaeili</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Azadeh%20Asgari"> Azadeh Asgari</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Essential oils’ unique and practical properties have been widely reported in recent years. Still, the sensitivity of critical oils to environmental factors and their poor solubility in aqueous solutions have limited their use in industries. Therefore, we encapsulated C. copticum essential oil in chitosan nanoparticles by emulsion-ionic gelation with sodium tripolyphosphate and sodium hexametaphosphate cross-linkers. The nanoparticles showed a round shape with an average size of 30-80 nm and a regular distribution. The release profile in the laboratory environment showed a burst in the initial release and then a stable release of C. copticum essential oil from chitosan nanoparticles at different pH. Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of C. copticum essential oil before and after the encapsulation process were evaluated by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical and disc diffusion methods, respectively. The results showed that the encapsulation of C. copticum essential oil in chitosan nanoparticles could protect its quality and bioactive compounds and improve the properties of the crucial oil. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=essential%20oils" title="essential oils">essential oils</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Carum%20copticum" title=" Carum copticum"> Carum copticum</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=biological%20activities" title=" biological activities"> biological activities</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=nanotechnology" title=" nanotechnology"> nanotechnology</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167505/preparation-of-essential-oil-capsule-carum-copticum-in-chitosan-nanoparticles-and-investigation-of-its-biological-properties" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/167505.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">87</span> </span> </div> </div> <div class="card paper-listing mb-3 mt-3"> <h5 class="card-header" style="font-size:.9rem"><span class="badge badge-info">108</span> Capital Punishment as a Contradiction to International Law and Indonesian Constitution </h5> <div class="card-body"> <p class="card-text"><strong>Authors:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar">Akbar</a> </p> <p class="card-text"><strong>Abstract:</strong></p> Pros and cons of the capital punishment in Indonesia have been out of the date. The discourse of capital punishment has no relevance to the theory of punishment and theories of cultural relativism. In fact, the provisions of exceptions to the right to life by administering the death penalty against the perpetrators of serious crimes in Indonesia is a narrow perspective that does not pay attention to the development of the punishment of the crime. This thing is aggravated by an error to understand the natural right and legal right where the prohibition of those rights is result from a failure to distinguish the characteristic of the rights and to remember the raison d’être of law. To parse the irrational above, this paper will try to analyze normatively the error referring to the complementary theory between the sources of international law and the sources of municipal law of Indonesia. Both sources of the law above should be understood in the mutually reinforcing relationship enforceability because of false perceptions against those will create the disintegration between international law and municipal law of Indonesia. This disintegration is explicit not only contrary to the integrative theory of international law but also integrative theory of municipal law of Indonesia. <p class="card-text"><strong>Keywords:</strong> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=capital%20punishment" title="capital punishment">capital punishment</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=municipal%20law" title=" municipal law"> municipal law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=right%20to%20life" title=" right to life"> right to life</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=international%20law" title=" international law"> international law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=the%20raison%20d%E2%80%99%C3%AAtre%20of%20law" title=" the raison d’être of law"> the raison d’être of law</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=complementary%20theory" title=" complementary theory"> complementary theory</a>, <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=integrative%20theory" title=" integrative theory"> integrative theory</a> </p> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60994/capital-punishment-as-a-contradiction-to-international-law-and-indonesian-constitution" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">Procedia</a> <a href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/60994.pdf" target="_blank" class="btn btn-primary btn-sm">PDF</a> <span class="bg-info text-light px-1 py-1 float-right rounded"> Downloads <span class="badge badge-light">338</span> </span> </div> </div> <ul class="pagination"> <li class="page-item disabled"><span class="page-link">&lsaquo;</span></li> <li class="page-item active"><span class="page-link">1</span></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20E%20Nugraha&page=2">2</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20E%20Nugraha&page=3">3</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20E%20Nugraha&page=4">4</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20E%20Nugraha&page=5">5</a></li> <li class="page-item"><a class="page-link" href="https://publications.waset.org/abstracts/search?q=Akbar%20E%20Nugraha&page=2" rel="next">&rsaquo;</a></li> </ul> </div> </main> <footer> <div id="infolinks" class="pt-3 pb-2"> <div class="container"> <div style="background-color:#f5f5f5;" class="p-3"> <div class="row"> <div class="col-md-2"> <ul class="list-unstyled"> About <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support">About Us</a></li> <li><a href="https://waset.org/page/support#legal-information">Legal</a></li> <li><a target="_blank" rel="nofollow" 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