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Presens – Wikipedia
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<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=1120"> <meta property="og:title" content="Presens – Wikipedia"> <meta property="og:type" content="website"> <link rel="alternate" media="only screen and (max-width: 640px)" href="//sv.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presens"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/x-wiki" title="Redigera" href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=edit"> <link rel="apple-touch-icon" href="/static/apple-touch/wikipedia.png"> <link rel="icon" href="/static/favicon/wikipedia.ico"> <link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="/w/rest.php/v1/search" title="Wikipedia (sv)"> <link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="//sv.wikipedia.org/w/api.php?action=rsd"> <link rel="canonical" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presens"> <link rel="license" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-sa/4.0/deed.sv"> <link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Wikipedia Atom-flöde" 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class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigering </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage-description" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Huvudsida" title="Besök huvudsidan [z]" accesskey="z"><span>Huvudsida</span></a></li><li id="n-Introduktion" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Introduktion"><span>Introduktion</span></a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Deltagarportalen" title="Om projektet, vad du kan göra, var man kan hitta saker"><span>Deltagarportalen</span></a></li><li id="n-Bybrunnen" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bybrunnen"><span>Bybrunnen</span></a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_%C3%A4ndringar" title="Lista över de senaste ändringarna på wikin [r]" accesskey="r"><span>Senaste ändringarna</span></a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Slumpsida" title="Gå till en slumpmässigt vald sida [x]" accesskey="x"><span>Slumpartikel</span></a></li><li id="n-filuppladdning" class="mw-list-item"><a href="//commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:UploadWizard" title="Ladda upp filer till Wikimedia Commons"><span>Ladda upp filer</span></a></li><li id="n-Kontakta-Wikipedia" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kontakt"><span>Kontakta Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hj%C3%A4lp" title="Platsen där du hittar hjälp"><span>Hjälp</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a 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class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Personliga verktyg"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Ändra utseendet på sidans teckenstorlek, bredd och färg" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Utseende" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-appearance mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-appearance"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Utseende</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv" class=""><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Presens" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt" class=""><span>Skapa konto</span></a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Presens" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o" class=""><span>Logga in</span></a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Fler alternativ" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Personliga verktyg" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-ellipsis mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-ellipsis"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Personliga verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Användarmeny" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_sv.wikipedia.org&uselang=sv"><span>Stöd Wikipedia</span></a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Skapa_konto&returnto=Presens" title="Du uppmuntras att skapa ett konto och logga in, men det är inte obligatoriskt"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-userAdd mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-userAdd"></span> <span>Skapa konto</span></a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Inloggning&returnto=Presens" title="Inloggning ger tillgång till fler funktioner för den som vill skriva och redigera artiklar. [o]" accesskey="o"><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-logIn mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-logIn"></span> <span>Logga in</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Sidor för utloggade redigerare <a href="/wiki/Hj%C3%A4lp:Introduktion" aria-label="Läs mer om redigering"><span>läs mer</span></a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Mina_bidrag" title="En lista över redigeringar från denna IP-adress [y]" accesskey="y"><span>Bidrag</span></a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Min_diskussion" title="Diskussion om redigeringar från det här IP-numret [n]" accesskey="n"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"><!-- CentralNotice --></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Webbplats"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Innehåll" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Innehåll</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Inledning</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Exempel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Exempel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Exempel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Exempel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referenser" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referenser"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Referenser</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referenser-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Innehåll" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Växla innehållsförteckningen" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Växla innehållsförteckningen</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Presens</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Gå till en artikel på ett annat språk. Tillgänglig på 52 språk" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-52" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">52 språk</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B9%D9%84_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B6%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B9" title="الفعل المضارع – arabiska" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="الفعل المضارع" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="arabiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Сегашно време – bulgariska" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Сегашно време" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="bulgariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezent" title="Prezent – bosniska" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Prezent" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="bosniska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amzer-vrema%C3%B1_(yezhoniezh)" title="Amzer-vremañ (yezhoniezh) – bretonska" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Amzer-vremañ (yezhoniezh)" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="bretonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_(gram%C3%A0tica)" title="Present (gramàtica) – katalanska" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Present (gramàtica)" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="katalanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D1%85%D0%B8_%D0%B2%C4%83%D1%85%C4%83%D1%82" title="Хальхи вăхăт – tjuvasjiska" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Хальхи вăхăт" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="tjuvasjiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/P%C5%99%C3%ADtomn%C3%BD_%C4%8Das" title="Přítomný čas – tjeckiska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Přítomný čas" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="tjeckiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A6sens" title="Præsens – danska" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Præsens" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="danska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A4sens" title="Präsens – tyska" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Präsens" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="tyska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%95%CE%BD%CE%B5%CF%83%CF%84%CF%8E%CF%84%CE%B1%CF%82" title="Ενεστώτας – grekiska" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ενεστώτας" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="grekiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_tense" title="Present tense – engelska" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Present tense" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="engelska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presente_(gram%C3%A1tica)" title="Presente (gramática) – spanska" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Presente (gramática)" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="spanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezenco" title="Prezenco – esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Prezenco" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ext mw-list-item"><a href="https://ext.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presenti_(tiempu)" title="Presenti (tiempu) – extremaduriska" lang="ext" hreflang="ext" data-title="Presenti (tiempu)" data-language-autonym="Estremeñu" data-language-local-name="extremaduriska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Estremeñu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B2%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86_%D8%AD%D8%A7%D9%84_(%D8%AF%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%88%D8%B1_%D8%B2%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%86)" title="زمان حال (دستور زبان) – persiska" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="زمان حال (دستور زبان)" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="persiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%A9sent_(grammaire)" title="Présent (grammaire) – franska" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Présent (grammaire)" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="franska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tr%C3%A0th_l%C3%A0thaireach" title="Tràth làthaireach – skotsk gäliska" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Tràth làthaireach" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="skotsk gäliska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gàidhlig</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%ED%98%84%EC%9E%AC%EC%8B%9C%EC%A0%9C" title="현재시제 – koreanska" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="현재시제" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="koreanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8_%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="वर्तमान काल – hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="वर्तमान काल" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezent" title="Prezent – kroatiska" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Prezent" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="kroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kala_kini" title="Kala kini – indonesiska" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Kala kini" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="indonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esamasis_laikas" title="Esamasis laikas – litauiska" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Esamasis laikas" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="litauiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jelen_id%C5%91_(nyelv%C3%A9szet)" title="Jelen idő (nyelvészet) – ungerska" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Jelen idő (nyelvészet)" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="ungerska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A1%D0%B5%D0%B3%D0%B0%D1%88%D0%BD%D0%BE_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D0%B5" title="Сегашно време – makedonska" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Сегашно време" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="makedonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Filazam-potoana_ankehitriny" title="Filazam-potoana ankehitriny – malagassiska" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Filazam-potoana ankehitriny" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="malagassiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B3" title="वर्तमानकाळ – marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="वर्तमानकाळ" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kala_kini" title="Kala kini – malajiska" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Kala kini" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="malajiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tegenwoordige_tijd" title="Tegenwoordige tijd – nederländska" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Tegenwoordige tijd" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="nederländska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%B0%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%A4%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%95%E0%A4%BE%E0%A4%B2" title="वर्तमानकाल – nepalesiska" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="वर्तमानकाल" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="nepalesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E5%9C%A8%E6%99%82%E5%88%B6" title="現在時制 – japanska" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="現在時制" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="japanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presens" title="Presens – norskt bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Presens" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="norskt bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presens" title="Presens – nynorska" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Presens" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="nynorska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_(gramatica)" title="Present (gramatica) – occitanska" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Present (gramatica)" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="occitanska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Occitan</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B5%E0%A8%B0%E0%A8%A4%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%A8_%E0%A8%95%E0%A8%BE%E0%A8%B2" title="ਵਰਤਮਾਨ ਕਾਲ – punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਵਰਤਮਾਨ ਕਾਲ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Czas_tera%C5%BAniejszy" title="Czas teraźniejszy – polska" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Czas teraźniejszy" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="polska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presente_(lingu%C3%ADstica)" title="Presente (linguística) – portugisiska" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Presente (linguística)" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="portugisiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezent_(gramatic%C4%83)" title="Prezent (gramatică) – rumänska" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Prezent (gramatică)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="rumänska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D0%BE%D1%8F%D1%89%D0%B5%D0%B5_%D0%B2%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%BC%D1%8F_(%D0%BB%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D0%B2%D0%B8%D1%81%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0)" title="Настоящее время (лингвистика) – ryska" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Настоящее время (лингвистика)" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="ryska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Praisent_tense" title="Praisent tense – skotska" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Praisent tense" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="skotska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Present_tense" title="Present tense – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Present tense" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pr%C3%ADtomn%C3%BD_%C4%8Das" title="Prítomný čas – slovakiska" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Prítomný čas" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="slovakiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sedanjik" title="Sedanjik – slovenska" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Sedanjik" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="slovenska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9F%D1%80%D0%B5%D0%B7%D0%B5%D0%BD%D1%82" title="Презент – serbiska" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Презент" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="serbiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prezent" title="Prezent – serbokroatiska" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Prezent" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="serbokroatiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Preesens" title="Preesens – finska" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Preesens" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="finska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A5%D3%99%D0%B7%D0%B5%D1%80%D0%B3%D0%B5_%D0%B7%D0%B0%D0%BC%D0%B0%D0%BD" title="Хәзерге заман – tatariska" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Хәзерге заман" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="tatariska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C5%9Eimdiki_zaman" title="Şimdiki zaman – turkiska" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Şimdiki zaman" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="turkiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%A2%D0%B5%D0%BF%D0%B5%D1%80%D1%96%D1%88%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9_%D1%87%D0%B0%D1%81" title="Теперішній час – ukrainska" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Теперішній час" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="ukrainska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Presenatim_nefinik" title="Presenatim nefinik – volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Presenatim nefinik" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wa mw-list-item"><a href="https://wa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tins_d%27_asteure_(linwince)" title="Tins d' asteure (linwince) – vallonska" lang="wa" hreflang="wa" data-title="Tins d' asteure (linwince)" data-language-autonym="Walon" data-language-local-name="vallonska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Walon</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8F%BE%E5%9C%A8%E5%BC%8F" title="現在式 – kantonesiska" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="現在式" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="kantonesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%B0%E5%9C%A8%E6%97%B6" title="现在时 – kinesiska" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="现在时" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="kinesiska" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192613#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Redigera interwikilänkar" class="wbc-editpage">Redigera länkar</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Namnrymder"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Presens" title="Visa innehållssidan [c]" accesskey="c"><span>Artikel</span></a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="new vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Diskussion:Presens&action=edit&redlink=1" rel="discussion" class="new" title="Diskussion om innehållssidan [inte skriven än] [t]" accesskey="t"><span>Diskussion</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown emptyPortlet" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-variants-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Ändra språkvariant" > <label id="vector-variants-dropdown-label" for="vector-variants-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">svenska</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-variants" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-variants emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> <div id="right-navigation" class="vector-collapsible"> <nav aria-label="Visningar"> <div id="p-views" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-views" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-view" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Presens"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-ve-edit" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-edit" class="collapsible vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-history" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=history" title="Tidigare versioner av sidan [h]" accesskey="h"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-tools-dropdown" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-tools-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Verktyg" > <label id="vector-page-tools-dropdown-label" for="vector-page-tools-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Verktyg</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-page-tools" class="vector-page-tools vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-page-tools-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="page-tools-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-page-tools" data-pinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-page-tools-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Verktyg</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-page-tools.unpin">dölj</button> </div> <div id="p-cactions" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-cactions emptyPortlet vector-has-collapsible-items" title="Fler alternativ" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Åtgärder </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-more-view" class="selected vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Presens"><span>Läs</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-ve-edit" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&veaction=edit" title="Redigera denna sida [v]" accesskey="v"><span>Redigera</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-edit" class="collapsible vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=edit" title="Redigera wikitexten för den här sidan [e]" accesskey="e"><span>Redigera wikitext</span></a></li><li id="ca-more-history" class="vector-more-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=history"><span>Visa historik</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-tb" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-tb" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Allmänt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-whatlinkshere" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:L%C3%A4nkar_hit/Presens" title="Lista över alla wikisidor som länkar hit [j]" accesskey="j"><span>Sidor som länkar hit</span></a></li><li id="t-recentchangeslinked" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Senaste_relaterade_%C3%A4ndringar/Presens" rel="nofollow" title="Visa senaste ändringarna av sidor som den här sidan länkar till [k]" accesskey="k"><span>Relaterade ändringar</span></a></li><li id="t-specialpages" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Special:Specialsidor" title="Lista över alla specialsidor [q]" accesskey="q"><span>Specialsidor</span></a></li><li id="t-permalink" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&oldid=47386131" title="Permanent länk till den här versionen av sidan"><span>Permanent länk</span></a></li><li id="t-info" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=info" title="Mer information om denna sida"><span>Sidinformation</span></a></li><li id="t-cite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Citera&page=Presens&id=47386131&wpFormIdentifier=titleform" title="Information om hur den här artikeln kan användas som referens"><span>Använd som referens</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPresens"><span>Hämta förkortad url</span></a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fsv.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FPresens"><span>Ladda ner QR-kod</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Skriv ut/exportera </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:Bok&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Presens"><span>Skapa en bok</span></a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Special:DownloadAsPdf&page=Presens&action=show-download-screen"><span>Ladda ned som PDF</span></a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&printable=yes" title="Utskriftsvänlig version av den här sidan [p]" accesskey="p"><span>Utskriftsvänlig version</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-wikibase-otherprojects" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-wikibase-otherprojects" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> På andra projekt </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="t-wikibase" class="wb-otherproject-link wb-otherproject-wikibase-dataitem mw-list-item"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q192613" title="Länk till anslutet databasobjekt [g]" accesskey="g"><span>Wikidata-objekt</span></a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> </div> <div class="vector-column-end"> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav class="vector-page-tools-landmark" aria-label="Sidverktyg"> <div id="vector-page-tools-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Utseende"> <div id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-appearance" class="vector-appearance vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-appearance-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="appearance-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-appearance" data-pinned-container-id="vector-appearance-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Utseende</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.pin">flytta till sidofältet</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-appearance.unpin">dölj</button> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Från Wikipedia</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="sv" dir="ltr"><div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas"> <dl><dd><i>För musikalbumet med Janne Schaffer, se <a href="/wiki/Presens_(musikalbum)" title="Presens (musikalbum)">Presens (musikalbum)</a>.  </i></dd></dl></div> <div class="noexcerpt noprint hanvisning_bas"> <dl><dd><i>Ej att förväxla med <a href="/wiki/Preses" title="Preses">preses</a>.</i></dd></dl></div> <p><b>Presens</b> är det <a href="/wiki/Tempus" title="Tempus">tempus</a> som vanligtvis uttrycker vad som händer just nu. Ordet kommer från <a href="/wiki/Latin" title="Latin">latinets</a> <i>praesens</i> som betyder "närvarande". Presens kan förutom direkt nutid uttrycka faktum, framtid, vana och ibland uppmaningar. I svenskan markeras presens med ändelserna -r eller -er på verbet för samtliga grammatiska personer utan åtskillnad mellan <a href="/wiki/Singularis" title="Singularis">singularis</a> och <a href="/wiki/Pluralis" title="Pluralis">pluralis</a>. Vid uppräkningar eller beskrivningar av historiska händelser förekommer också så kallat <i>historiskt presens</i>, som innebär att man beskriver händelsen som att den <i>händer</i>, även om den i verkligheten inträffade för länge sedan. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Exempel">Exempel</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitt: Exempel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=edit&section=1" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Exempel"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><i>Jag målar huset.</i> <ul><li>Vanligt presens.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Huset ligger vid skogen.</i> <ul><li>Presens som uttrycker faktum.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Han åker om en vecka.</i> <ul><li>Presens som uttrycker framtid.</li> <li>Något oegentligt, mer korrekt vore "Han kommer att åka om en vecka" eller en liknande <a href="/wiki/Futurum" title="Futurum">futurumkonstruktion</a>.</li></ul></li> <li><i>Jag tvättar varje fredag.</i> <ul><li>Presens som uttrycker vana</li> <li>Jämför "Jag brukar tvätta varje fredag".</li></ul></li> <li><i>Nu är det nog!</i> <ul><li>Presens som uttrycker uppmaning.</li></ul></li> <li><i>1718 stupar Karl XII i Halden i Norge och därmed tar den svenska stormaktstiden slut.</i> <ul><li>Historiskt presens</li> <li>Presens används då texten berättar ifrån ett historiskt perspektiv (då händelsen ägde rum). Vid berättande ifrån nutidsperspektiv används istället <a href="/wiki/Preteritum" title="Preteritum">preteritum</a>.</li></ul></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referenser">Referenser</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitt: Referenser" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>redigera</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Presens&action=edit&section=2" title="Redigera avsnitts källkod: Referenser"><span>redigera wikitext</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><cite style="font-style:normal" class="book" id="CITEREFBolander2005">Bolander, Maria (2005). <i><span>Funktionell svensk grammatik</span></i> (2). Liber. sid. 135 f. <a href="/wiki/Special:Bokk%C3%A4llor/9147052325" title="Special:Bokkällor/9147052325">ISBN 9147052325</a></cite><span class="Z3988" title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Funktionell+svensk+grammatik&rft.aulast=Bolander&rft.aufirst=Maria&rft.au=Bolander%2C+Maria&rft.date=2005&rft.pages=sid.%26nbsp%3B135+f&rft.edition=2&rft.pub=Liber&rft.isbn=9147052325&rfr_id=info:sid/en.wikipedia.org:Presens"><span style="display: none;"> </span></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r56287950">.mw-parser-output table.navbox{border:#aaa 1px solid;width:100%;margin:auto;margin-top:1em;clear:both;font-size:88%;text-align:center;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output link+table.navbox{margin-top:-1px}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{text-align:center;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title button,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title .mw-collapsible-text,.mw-parser-output .navbox-thlinkcolor .navbox-title a{color:inherit}.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks a,.mw-parser-output .nowraplinks .selflink{white-space:nowrap}.mw-parser-output .navbox-group{white-space:nowrap;text-align:right;font-weight:bold;padding-left:1em;padding-right:1em}.mw-parser-output .navbox,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup{background:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-list{border-color:#fdfdfd}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title,.mw-parser-output table.navbox th{background:#b0c4de}.mw-parser-output .navbox-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-title{background:#d0e0f5}.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-group,.mw-parser-output .navbox-subgroup .navbox-abovebelow{background:#deeafa}.mw-parser-output .navbox-even{background:#f7f7f7}.mw-parser-output .navbox-odd{background:transparent}</style><table class="navbox" style="border-spacing:0; ;"><tbody><tr><td style="padding:2px;"><table class="collapsible collapsed" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit;;"><tbody><tr><th style=";" colspan="2" class="navbox-title"><div style="float:left; width:3em;text-align:left;"><div class="noprint plainlinks" style="background-color:transparent; padding:0; white-space:nowrap; font-weight:normal; font-size:80%; border:none;; color: inherit;"><a href="/wiki/Mall:Verb" title="Mall:Verb"><span title="Visa denna mall" style="border:none;;">v</span></a> <span style="font-size:80%;">•</span> <a class="external text" href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mall:Verb&action=edit"><span style="border:none;;" title="Redigera den här mallen">r</span></a></div></div><span style="font-size:110%;"><a href="/wiki/Verb" title="Verb">Verb</a></span></th></tr><tr style="height:2px;"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Tempus" title="Tempus">Tempora</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Primära</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Preteritum" title="Preteritum">Preteritum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Presens</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Futurum" title="Futurum">Futurum</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Sekundära</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Futurum_exaktum" title="Futurum exaktum">Futurum exaktum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Futurum_preteriti" title="Futurum preteriti">Futurum preteriti</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span><a href="/wiki/Futurum_simplex" title="Futurum simplex">Futurum simplex</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Tertiära</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Futurum_exaktum_preteriti" title="Futurum exaktum preteriti">Futurum exaktum preteriti</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Aspekt" title="Aspekt">Aspekt</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Imperfekt" title="Imperfekt">Imperfekt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Inkoativ" title="Inkoativ">Inkoativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Perfekt" title="Perfekt">Perfekt</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Pluskvamperfekt" title="Pluskvamperfekt">Pluskvamperfekt</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Modus" title="Modus">Finita modi</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Realis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Realis [inte skriven än]">Realis</a><br />(<i>vad är</i>)</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Admirativ" title="Admirativ">Admirativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aggressiv_(modus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aggressiv (modus) [inte skriven än]">Aggressiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Energetiskt_modus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Energetiskt modus [inte skriven än]">Energetiskt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Evidentialitet" title="Evidentialitet">Evidentiellt</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Sensorisk_evidentialitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sensorisk evidentialitet [inte skriven än]">sensorisk</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Generiskt_aspekt&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Generiskt aspekt [inte skriven än]">Generiskt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Indikativ" title="Indikativ">Indikativ</a>/Deklarativ<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Mirativ" class="mw-redirect" title="Mirativ">Mirativ</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Irrealis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Irrealis [inte skriven än]">Irrealis</a></div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r56287950"></div><table class="navbox-subgroup" style="width:100%;border-spacing:0;;;;"><tbody><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Deontisk_modalitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deontisk modalitet [inte skriven än]">Deontiska</a><br />(<i>vad som borde vara</i>)</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Hortativ" title="Hortativ">Hortativ</a> <span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Imperativ" title="Imperativ">Imperativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Imprekativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Imprekativ [inte skriven än]">Imprekativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Jussiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Jussiv [inte skriven än]">Jussiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kommissiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kommissiv [inte skriven än]">Kommissiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Necessitativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Necessitativ [inte skriven än]">Necessitativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Optativ" title="Optativ">Optativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Permitiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Permitiv [inte skriven än]">Permitiv</a>/Permissiv<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prekativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prekativ [inte skriven än]">Prekativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Prohibitativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Prohibitativ [inte skriven än]">Prohibitativ</a>/Prohibitiv<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Propositiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Propositiv [inte skriven än]">Propositiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Volitiv" title="Volitiv">Volitiv</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Epistemisk_modalitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Epistemisk modalitet [inte skriven än]">Epistemiska</a><br />(<i>vad som kan vara</i>)</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aletisk_modalitet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aletisk modalitet [inte skriven än]">Aletisk modalitet</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Assumptiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Assumptiv [inte skriven än]">Assumptiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Deduktiv_(modus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Deduktiv (modus) [inte skriven än]">Deduktiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Dubitativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Dubitativ [inte skriven än]">Dubitativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Hypotetiskt_modus&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Hypotetiskt modus [inte skriven än]">Hypotetiskt modus</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Inferentialis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Inferentialis [inte skriven än]">Inferentialis</a>/Renarrativ/Oblik<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Interrogativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Interrogativ [inte skriven än]">Interrogativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Konjunktiv" title="Konjunktiv">Konjunktiv</a>/Subjunktiv<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Potentialis" title="Potentialis">Potentialis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spekulativ_(modus)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spekulativ (modus) [inte skriven än]">Spekulativ</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Beroende omständigheter<br />(<i>vad som skulle vara</i>)</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Konditionalis" title="Konditionalis">Konditionalis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eventiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eventiv [inte skriven än]">Eventiv</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";padding-left:0em;padding-right:0em;;"><div style="padding:0em 0.75em;">Övriga</div></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Debitiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Debitiv [inte skriven än]">Debitiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Presumptiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Presumptiv [inte skriven än]">Presumptiv</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;">Infinita verbformer</td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Gerundium" title="Gerundium">Gerundium</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Gerundivum" title="Gerundivum">Gerundivum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Infinitiv" title="Infinitiv">Infinitiv</a> (<a href="/wiki/Futurum_infinitiv" title="Futurum infinitiv">Futurum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Perfekt_infinitiv" title="Perfekt infinitiv">Perfekt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Presens_infinitiv" title="Presens infinitiv">Presens</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Particip" title="Particip">Particip</a> (<a href="/wiki/Futurum_particip" title="Futurum particip">Futurum</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Perfekt_particip" title="Perfekt particip">Perfekt</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Presens_particip" title="Presens particip">Presens</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Supinum" title="Supinum">Supinum</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Diates" title="Diates">Diateser</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-even"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/Aktivum" title="Aktivum">Aktiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Adjutativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Adjutativ [inte skriven än]">Adjutativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Antipassiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Antipassiv [inte skriven än]">Antipassiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Applikativ" title="Applikativ">Applikativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autokausativ&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autokausativ [inte skriven än]">Autokausativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Autonom_(diates)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Autonom (diates) [inte skriven än]">Autonom</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Centraldiates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Centraldiates [inte skriven än]">Centraldiates</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Cirkumstantialis&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Cirkumstantialis [inte skriven än]">Cirkumstantialis</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kausativ_(diates)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kausativ (diates) [inte skriven än]">Kausativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kooperativ_(diates)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kooperativ (diates) [inte skriven än]">Kooperativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mediopassiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mediopassiv [inte skriven än]">Mediopassiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Passivum" title="Passivum">Passiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reciprok_diates&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reciprok diates [inte skriven än]">Reciprok</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Reflexiv&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Reflexiv [inte skriven än]">Reflexiv</a></div></td></tr><tr style="height:2px"><td></td></tr><tr><td class="navbox-group" style=";;"><a href="/wiki/Person_(grammatik)" title="Person (grammatik)">Personer</a></td><td style="text-align:left;border-left:2px solid #fdfdfd;width:100%;padding:0px;;;" class="navbox-list navbox-odd"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"><a href="/wiki/F%C3%B6rsta_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Första person">1:a person</a> (<a href="/wiki/Exklusiv_f%C3%B6rsta_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Exklusiv första person">Exklusiv</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Inklusiv_f%C3%B6rsta_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Inklusiv första person">Inklusiv</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Andra_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Andra person">2:a person</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Tredje_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Tredje person">3:e person</a> (<a href="/wiki/Obviativ_tredje_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Obviativ tredje person">Obviativ</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Proximat_tredje_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Proximat tredje person">Proximat</a>)<span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Fj%C3%A4rde_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Fjärde person">4:e person</a><span style="font-weight:bold;"> · </span> <a href="/wiki/Femte_person" class="mw-redirect" title="Femte person">5:e person</a></div></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table> <!-- NewPP limit report Parsed by mw‐web.eqiad.main‐5dc468848‐kwxnb Cached time: 20241122161543 Cache expiry: 2592000 Reduced expiry: false Complications: [] CPU time usage: 0.091 seconds Real time usage: 0.125 seconds Preprocessor visited node count: 2706/1000000 Post‐expand include size: 57501/2097152 bytes Template argument size: 55241/2097152 bytes Highest expansion depth: 17/100 Expensive parser function count: 0/500 Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 Unstrip post‐expand size: 5800/5000000 bytes Lua time usage: 0.003/10.000 seconds Lua memory usage: 638106/52428800 bytes Number of Wikibase entities loaded: 0/400 --> <!-- Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) 100.00% 92.373 1 -total 67.82% 62.651 4 Mall:Navbox 52.65% 48.635 1 Mall:Verb 22.55% 20.829 3 Mall:Navbox_subgroup 22.37% 20.665 1 Mall:Bokref 19.65% 18.153 1 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