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id="toc-Subtypes" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Subtypes"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1.1</span> <span>Subtypes</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Subtypes-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Categorization_and_emergence_of_new_genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Categorization_and_emergence_of_new_genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Categorization and emergence of new genres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Categorization_and_emergence_of_new_genres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Categorization and emergence of new genres subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Categorization_and_emergence_of_new_genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Automatic_recognition_of_genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Automatic_recognition_of_genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Automatic recognition of genres</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Automatic_recognition_of_genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Alternative_approaches" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Alternative_approaches"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Alternative approaches</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Alternative_approaches-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Major_music_genres" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Major_music_genres"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Major music genres</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Major_music_genres-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Major music genres subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Major_music_genres-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Art_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Art_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Art music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Art_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Popular_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Popular_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Popular music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Popular_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Country_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Country_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.1</span> <span>Country music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Country_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Electronic_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Electronic_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.2</span> <span>Electronic music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Electronic_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Funk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Funk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.3</span> <span>Funk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Funk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Hip_hop_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Hip_hop_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.4</span> <span>Hip hop music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Hip_hop_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Jazz" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Jazz"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.5</span> <span>Jazz</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Jazz-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Latin_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Latin_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.6</span> <span>Latin music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Latin_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pop_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pop_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.7</span> <span>Pop music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pop_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Punk" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Punk"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.8</span> <span>Punk</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Punk-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Reggae" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Reggae"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.9</span> <span>Reggae</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Reggae-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rock_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rock_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.10</span> <span>Rock music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rock_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Heavy_Metal/Metal_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Heavy_Metal/Metal_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.11</span> <span>Heavy Metal/Metal music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Heavy_Metal/Metal_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Soul_music_and_R&B" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Soul_music_and_R&B"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.12</span> <span>Soul music and R&B</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Soul_music_and_R&B-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Polka" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Polka"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2.13</span> <span>Polka</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Polka-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Religious_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Religious_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.3</span> <span>Religious music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Religious_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Traditional_and_folk_music" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Traditional_and_folk_music"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.4</span> <span>Traditional and folk music</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Traditional_and_folk_music-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Psychology_of_music_preference" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Psychology_of_music_preference"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Psychology of music preference</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Psychology_of_music_preference-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Toggle Psychology of music preference subsection</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Psychology_of_music_preference-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Social_influences_on_music_selection" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Social_influences_on_music_selection"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.1</span> <span>Social influences on music selection</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Social_influences_on_music_selection-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Individual_and_situational_influences" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Individual_and_situational_influences"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4.2</span> <span>Individual and situational influences</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Individual_and_situational_influences-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-See_also" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#See_also"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>See also</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-See_also-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-References" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#References"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>References</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-References-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Further_reading" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Further_reading"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Further reading</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Further_reading-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Contents" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" title="Table of Contents" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Toggle the table of contents" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Toggle the table of contents</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Music genre</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Go to an article in another language. Available in 72 languages" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-72" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">72 languages</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiekgenre" title="Musiekgenre – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Musiekgenre" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%D9%8A%D9%82%D9%8A" title="نوع موسيقي – Arabic" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="نوع موسيقي" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A9neru_musical" title="Xéneru musical – Asturian" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Xéneru musical" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiqi_janr%C4%B1" title="Musiqi janrı – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Musiqi janrı" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C_%DA%98%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%B1%DB%8C" title="موسیقی ژانری – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="موسیقی ژانری" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%B8%E0%A6%99%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%97%E0%A7%80%E0%A6%A4_%E0%A6%A7%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%B0%E0%A6%BE" title="সঙ্গীত ধারা – Bangla" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="সঙ্গীত ধারা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bangla" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D0%B5%D0%BD_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80" title="Музикален жанр – Bulgarian" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Музикален жанр" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzi%C4%8Dki_%C5%BEanr" title="Muzički žanr – Bosnian" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Muzički žanr" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A8nere_musical" title="Gènere musical – Catalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Gènere musical" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudebn%C3%AD_%C5%BE%C3%A1nr" title="Hudební žánr – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Hudební žánr" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genre_gerddorol" title="Genre gerddorol – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Genre gerddorol" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikgenre" title="Musikgenre – Danish" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Musikgenre" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Danish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gattung_(Musik)" title="Gattung (Musik) – German" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Gattung (Musik)" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="German" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muusika%C5%BEanr" title="Muusikažanr – Estonian" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Muusikažanr" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%BF%CF%85%CF%83%CE%B9%CE%BA%CF%8C_%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%B4%CE%BF%CF%82" title="Μουσικό είδος – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μουσικό είδος" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A9nero_musical" title="Género musical – Spanish" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Género musical" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzika_%C4%9Denro" title="Muzika ĝenro – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Muzika ĝenro" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musika_genero" title="Musika genero – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Musika genero" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B3%D8%A8%DA%A9_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="سبک موسیقی – Persian" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="سبک موسیقی" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genre_musical" title="Genre musical – French" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Genre musical" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="French" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzyksjenre" title="Muzyksjenre – Western Frisian" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Muzyksjenre" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Western Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Se%C3%A1nra_ceoil" title="Seánra ceoil – Irish" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Seánra ceoil" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Gaeilge</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/X%C3%A9nero_musical" title="Xénero musical – Galician" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Xénero musical" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galician" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%9D%8C%EC%95%85_%EC%9E%A5%EB%A5%B4" title="음악 장르 – Korean" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="음악 장르" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korean" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nau%27in_ki%C9%97a" title="Nau'in kiɗa – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Nau'in kiɗa" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B5%D6%80%D5%A1%D5%AA%D5%B7%D5%BF%D5%A1%D5%AF%D5%A1%D5%B6_%D5%AA%D5%A1%D5%B6%D6%80" title="Երաժշտական ժանր – Armenian" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Երաժշտական ժանր" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genre_musik" title="Genre musik – Indonesian" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Genre musik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/T%C3%B3nlistarstefna" title="Tónlistarstefna – Icelandic" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Tónlistarstefna" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Icelandic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genere_musicale" title="Genere musicale – Italian" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Genere musicale" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%A1%D7%95%D7%92%D7%94_%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7%D7%9C%D7%99%D7%AA" title="סוגה מוזיקלית – Hebrew" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="סוגה מוזיקלית" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Hebrew" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genre_musik" title="Genre musik – Javanese" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Genre musik" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Javanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%B8%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A4_%E0%B2%B6%E0%B3%88%E0%B2%B2%E0%B2%BF" title="ಸಂಗೀತ ಶೈಲಿ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಸಂಗೀತ ಶೈಲಿ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="მუსიკალური ჟანრი – Georgian" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მუსიკალური ჟანრი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8B%D2%9B_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80" title="Музыкалық жанр – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Музыкалық жанр" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Curey%C3%AAn_stran%C3%AA" title="Cureyên stranê – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Cureyên stranê" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C5%ABzikas_%C5%BEanrs" title="Mūzikas žanrs – Latvian" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Mūzikas žanrs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzikos_%C5%BEanras" title="Muzikos žanras – Lithuanian" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Muzikos žanras" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zenei_m%C5%B1faj" title="Zenei műfaj – Hungarian" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Zenei műfaj" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungarian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80" title="Музички жанр – Macedonian" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Музички жанр" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A1%E1%83%98%E1%83%99%E1%83%90%E1%83%9A%E1%83%A3%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98_%E1%83%9F%E1%83%90%E1%83%9C%E1%83%A0%E1%83%98" title="მუსიკალური ჟანრი – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მუსიკალური ჟანრი" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B9_%D9%85%D8%B2%D9%8A%D9%83%D8%A7" title="نوع مزيكا – Egyptian Arabic" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="نوع مزيكا" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Egyptian Arabic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genre_muzik" title="Genre muzik – Malay" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Genre muzik" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Malay" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Melayu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muziekgenre" title="Muziekgenre – Dutch" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Muziekgenre" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Dutch" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%B8%E0%A4%99%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%97%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A4_%E0%A4%B5%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A7%E0%A4%BE" title="सङ्गीत विधा – Nepali" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="सङ्गीत विधा" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E6%A5%BD%E3%81%AE%E3%82%B8%E3%83%A3%E3%83%B3%E3%83%AB" title="音楽のジャンル – Japanese" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="音楽のジャンル" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Japanese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no badge-Q70894304 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikksjanger" title="Musikksjanger – Norwegian Bokmål" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Musikksjanger" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Bokmål" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musikksjanger" title="Musikksjanger – Norwegian Nynorsk" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Musikksjanger" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Norwegian Nynorsk" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%B8%E0%A9%B0%E0%A8%97%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A4_%E0%A8%B8%E0%A8%BC%E0%A9%88%E0%A8%B2%E0%A9%80" title="ਸੰਗੀਤ ਸ਼ੈਲੀ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਸੰਗੀਤ ਸ਼ੈਲੀ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatunek_muzyczny" title="Gatunek muzyczny – Polish" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Gatunek muzyczny" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%AAnero_musical" title="Gênero musical – Portuguese" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Gênero musical" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portuguese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gen_(muzic%C4%83)" title="Gen (muzică) – Romanian" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Gen (muzică)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romanian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D1%8B%D0%BA%D0%B0%D0%BB%D1%8C%D0%BD%D1%8B%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80" title="Музыкальный жанр – Russian" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Музыкальный жанр" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Russian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco badge-Q70893996 mw-list-item" title=""><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muisic_genre" title="Muisic genre – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Muisic genre" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/G%C3%A8nira_musicali" title="Gènira musicali – Sicilian" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Gènira musicali" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicilian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-si mw-list-item"><a href="https://si.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B7%83%E0%B6%82%E0%B6%9C%E0%B7%93%E0%B6%AD_%E0%B6%9C%E0%B6%AB%E0%B6%BA" title="සංගීත ගණය – Sinhala" lang="si" hreflang="si" data-title="සංගීත ගණය" data-language-autonym="සිංහල" data-language-local-name="Sinhala" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>සිංහල</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musical_genre" title="Musical genre – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Musical genre" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hudobn%C3%BD_%C5%BE%C3%A1ner" title="Hudobný žáner – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Hudobný žáner" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glasbeni_slog" title="Glasbeni slog – Slovenian" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Glasbeni slog" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%86%DB%95%D8%B4%D9%86%DB%8C_%D9%85%DB%86%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%D8%A7" title="چەشنی مۆسیقا – Central Kurdish" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="چەشنی مۆسیقا" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Central Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BA%D0%B8_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80" title="Музички жанр – Serbian" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Музички жанр" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Muzi%C4%8Dki_%C5%BEanr" title="Muzički žanr – Serbo-Croatian" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Muzički žanr" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Croatian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Musiikin_tyylilaji" title="Musiikin tyylilaji – Finnish" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Musiikin tyylilaji" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finnish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uri_ng_musika" title="Uri ng musika – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Uri ng musika" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%A7%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%9E%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%87" title="แนวเพลง – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แนวเพลง" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%BCzik_tarz%C4%B1" title="Müzik tarzı – Turkish" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Müzik tarzı" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turkish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%83%D0%B7%D0%B8%D1%87%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9_%D0%B6%D0%B0%D0%BD%D1%80" title="Музичний жанр – Ukrainian" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Музичний жанр" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukrainian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D8%B5%D9%86%D8%A7%D9%81_%D9%85%D9%88%D8%B3%DB%8C%D9%82%DB%8C" title="اصناف موسیقی – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="اصناف موسیقی" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Th%E1%BB%83_lo%E1%BA%A1i_nh%E1%BA%A1c" title="Thể loại nhạc – Vietnamese" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Thể loại nhạc" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnamese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" title="音乐类型 – Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="音乐类型" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>吴语</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yi mw-list-item"><a href="https://yi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%9E%D7%95%D7%96%D7%99%D7%A7_%D7%96%D7%A9%D7%90%D7%A0%D7%A2%D7%A8" title="מוזיק זשאנער – Yiddish" lang="yi" hreflang="yi" data-title="מוזיק זשאנער" data-language-autonym="ייִדיש" data-language-local-name="Yiddish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ייִדיש</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%9B%B2%E7%A8%AE" title="曲種 – Cantonese" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="曲種" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Cantonese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>粵語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%9F%B3%E4%B9%90%E7%B1%BB%E5%9E%8B" title="音乐类型 – Chinese" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="音乐类型" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>中文</span></a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><span class="wb-langlinks-edit wb-langlinks-link"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q188451#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Edit interlanguage links" class="wbc-editpage">Edit links</a></span></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div 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id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Genre is to be distinguished from <a href="/wiki/Musical_form" title="Musical form">musical form</a> and <b>musical style</b>, although in practice these terms are sometimes used interchangeably.<sup id="cite_ref-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Music can be divided into genres in numerous ways, sometimes broadly and with polarity, such as for <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular music</a>, as opposed to <a href="/wiki/Art_music" title="Art music">art music</a> or <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a>; or, as another example, <a href="/wiki/Religious_music" title="Religious music">religious music</a> and secular music. The artistic nature of music means that these classifications are often subjective and controversial, and some genres may overlap. As genres evolve, sometimes new music is lumped into existing categories or else a proliferation of derivative <a href="/wiki/Subgenres" class="mw-redirect" title="Subgenres">subgenres</a>, fusion genres and "micro genres" starts to accrue. </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Definitions">Definitions</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=1" title="Edit section: Definitions"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Douglass M. Green distinguishes between genre and <a href="/wiki/Musical_form" title="Musical form">form</a> in his book <i>Form in Tonal Music</i>. He lists <a href="/wiki/Madrigal_(music)" class="mw-redirect" title="Madrigal (music)">madrigal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Motet" title="Motet">motet</a>, <a href="/wiki/Canzona" title="Canzona">canzona</a>, <a href="/wiki/Ricercar" title="Ricercar">ricercar</a>, and dance as examples of genres from the <a href="/wiki/Renaissance_music" title="Renaissance music">Renaissance</a> period. To further clarify the meaning of <i>genre</i>, Green writes about "<a href="/wiki/Violin_Concerto_(Beethoven)" title="Violin Concerto (Beethoven)">Beethoven's Op. 61</a>" and "Mendelssohn's Op. 64 ". He explains that both are identical in genre and are <a href="/wiki/Violin_concerto" title="Violin concerto">violin concertos</a> that have different forms. However, Mozart's Rondo for Piano, K. 511, and the <i>Agnus Dei</i> from his Mass, K. 317, are quite different in genre but happen to be similar in form."<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>In 1982, <a href="/wiki/Franco_Fabbri" title="Franco Fabbri">Franco Fabbri</a> proposed a definition of the musical genre that is now considered to be normative:<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> "musical genre is a set of musical events (real or possible) whose course is governed by a definite set of socially accepted rules", where a musical event can be defined as "any type of activity performed around any type of event involving sound".<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>A music genre or subgenre may be defined by the <a href="/wiki/Musical_technique" title="Musical technique">musical techniques</a>, the cultural context, and the content and spirit of the themes. Geographical origin is sometimes used to identify a music genre, though a single geographical category will often include a wide variety of subgenres. Timothy Laurie argues that, since the early 1980s, "genre has graduated from being a subset of popular music studies to being an almost ubiquitous framework for constituting and evaluating musical research objects".<sup id="cite_ref-6" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The term <i>genre</i> is generally defined similarly by many authors and musicologists, while the related term <i>style</i> has different interpretations and definitions. Some, like <a href="/wiki/Peter_van_der_Merwe_(musicologist)" title="Peter van der Merwe (musicologist)">Peter van der Merwe</a>, treat the terms <i>genre</i> and <i>style</i> as the same, saying that <i>genre</i> should be defined as pieces of music that share a certain style or "basic musical language".<sup id="cite_ref-Pete_7-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Pete-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Others, such as Allan F. Moore, state that <i>genre</i> and <i>style</i> are two separate terms, and that secondary characteristics such as subject matter can also differentiate between genres.<sup id="cite_ref-Moore_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Subtypes">Subtypes</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=2" title="Edit section: Subtypes"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1236090951">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .hatnote{display:none!important}}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">"Fusion genre" redirects here. For fusion genres in literary and film works, see <a href="/wiki/Hybrid_genre" title="Hybrid genre">Hybrid genre</a>.</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/Category:Fusion_music_genres" title="Category:Fusion music genres">Category:Fusion music genres</a></div> <p>A <i><a href="/wiki/Subgenre" class="mw-redirect" title="Subgenre">subgenre</a></i> is a <a href="/wiki/Hierarchy" title="Hierarchy">subordinate</a> within a genre.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-9" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In music terms, it is a subcategory of a musical genre that adopts its basic characteristics, but also has its own set of characteristics that clearly distinguish and set it apart within the genre. A subgenre is also often being referred to as a style of the genre.<sup id="cite_ref-10" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-11" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The proliferation of popular music in the 20th century has led to over 1,200 definable subgenres of music. </p><p>A musical composition may be situated in the intersection of two or more genres, sharing characteristics of each <a href="/wiki/Superior_(hierarchy)" title="Superior (hierarchy)">parent</a> genre, and therefore belong to each of them at the same time.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_5-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Such subgenres are known as <i>fusion genres</i>. Examples of fusion genres include <a href="/wiki/Jazz_fusion" title="Jazz fusion">jazz fusion</a>, which is a fusion of <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> and rock music, and <a href="/wiki/Country_rock" title="Country rock">country rock</a> which is a fusion of <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">country music</a> and rock music. </p><p>A <i><a href="/wiki/Microgenre" title="Microgenre">microgenre</a></i> is a niche genre,<sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> as well as a subcategory within major genres or their subgenres. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Categorization_and_emergence_of_new_genres">Categorization and emergence of new genres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=3" title="Edit section: Categorization and emergence of new genres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>The <a href="/wiki/Genealogy_of_musical_genres" title="Genealogy of musical genres">genealogy of musical genres</a> expresses, often in the form of a written chart. New genres of music can arise through the development of new styles of music; in addition to simply creating a new categorization. Although it is conceivable to create a musical style with no relation to existing genres, new styles usually appear under the influence of pre-existing genres. </p><p>Musicologists have sometimes classified music according to a trichotomous distinction such as Philip Tagg's "axiomatic triangle consisting of 'folk', 'art' and 'popular' musics".<sup id="cite_ref-Analysing_Popular_Music_1982,_p._41_14-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Analysing_Popular_Music_1982,_p._41-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> He explains that each of these three is distinguishable from the others according to certain criteria.<sup id="cite_ref-Analysing_Popular_Music_1982,_p._41_14-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Analysing_Popular_Music_1982,_p._41-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tagg maintains that popular music differs from art music through its mass distribution strategy as well as its non-written distribution modes which produces distinct production and consumption patterns between these musical categories.<sup id="cite_ref-15" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Automatic_recognition_of_genres">Automatic recognition of genres</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=4" title="Edit section: Automatic recognition of genres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Automatic_content_recognition" title="Automatic content recognition">Automatic content recognition</a> and <a href="/wiki/Music_information_retrieval" title="Music information retrieval">Music information retrieval</a></div> <p>Automatic methods of <a href="/wiki/Musical_similarity" title="Musical similarity">musical similarity</a> detection, based on <a href="/wiki/Data_mining" title="Data mining">data mining</a> and <a href="/wiki/Co-occurrence" title="Co-occurrence">co-occurrence</a> analysis, have been developed to classify music titles for electronic music distribution.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Glenn McDonald, the employee of <a href="/wiki/The_Echo_Nest" title="The Echo Nest">The Echo Nest</a>, music intelligence and data platform, owned by <a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a>, has created a categorical perception spectrum of genres and subgenres based on "an algorithmically generated, readability-adjusted scatter-plot of the musical genre-space, based on data tracked and analyzed for 5,315 genre-shaped distinctions by Spotify" called <i><a href="/wiki/Every_Noise_at_Once" title="Every Noise at Once">Every Noise at Once</a>.</i><sup id="cite_ref-guardian_18-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-guardian-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Alternative_approaches">Alternative approaches</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=5" title="Edit section: Alternative approaches"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Alternatively, music can be assessed on the three dimensions of "arousal", "valence", and "depth".<sup id="cite_ref-ECON_20-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECON-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Arousal reflects physiological processes such as stimulation and relaxation (intense, forceful, abrasive, thrilling vs. gentle, calming, mellow), valence reflects emotion and mood processes (fun, happy, lively, enthusiastic, joyful vs. depressing, sad), and depth reflects cognitive processes (intelligent, sophisticated, inspiring, complex, poetic, deep, emotional, thoughtful vs. party music, danceable).<sup id="cite_ref-ECON_20-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECON-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These help explain why many people like similar songs from different traditionally segregated genres.<sup id="cite_ref-ECON_20-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-ECON-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Starting from the end of 1900s, <a href="/wiki/Vincenzo_Caporaletti" title="Vincenzo Caporaletti">Vincenzo Caporaletti</a> has proposed a more comprehensive distinction of music genres based on the "formative medium" with which a music is created, that is the creative interface (cognitive milieu) employed by the artist. Following this framework, formative media may belong to two different matrixes: visual or audiotactile with regards to the role played in the creative process by the visual rationality or the bodily sensitivity and embodied cognition. The theory developed by Caporaletti, named Audiotactile Music Theory, categorises music in three different branches: 1) written music, like the so-called classical music, that is created using the visual matrix; 2) oral music (like <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a> or ethnic music before the advent of sound recording technologies); 3) Audiotactile music, which are process of production and transmission is pivoted around sound recording technologies (for example <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, pop, rock, <a href="/wiki/Rap" class="mw-redirect" title="Rap">rap</a> and so on). These last two branches are created by means of the above-mentioned audiotactile matrix in which the formative medium is the Audiotactile Principle.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Major_music_genres">Major music genres</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=6" title="Edit section: Major music genres"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Art_music">Art music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=7" title="Edit section: Art music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Art_music" title="Art music">Art music</a></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">See also: <a href="/wiki/List_of_art_music_traditions" class="mw-redirect" title="List of art music traditions">List of art music traditions</a></div> <p>Art music primarily includes classical traditions, including both <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_classical_music" title="Contemporary classical music">contemporary</a> and historical classical music forms. Art music exists in many parts of the world. It emphasizes formal styles that invite technical and detailed deconstruction<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> and criticism, and demand focused attention from the listener. In Western practice, art music is considered primarily a written musical tradition,<sup id="cite_ref-Arnold,_Denis_24-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnold,_Denis-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> preserved in some form of <a href="/wiki/Musical_notation" title="Musical notation">music notation</a> rather than being transmitted orally, by rote, or in recordings, as <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">popular</a> and <a href="/wiki/Traditional_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Traditional music">traditional music</a> usually are.<sup id="cite_ref-Arnold,_Denis_24-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Arnold,_Denis-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Historically, most western art music has been written down using the standard forms of music notation that evolved in Europe, beginning well before the Renaissance and reaching its maturity in the Romantic period. </p><p>The identity of a "work" or "piece" of art music is usually defined by the notated version rather than by a particular performance and is primarily associated with the composer rather than the performer (though composers may leave performers with some opportunity for interpretation or improvisation). This is so particularly in the case of western classical music. Art music may include certain forms of <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, though some feel that jazz is primarily a form of popular music. The 1960s saw a wave of avant-garde experimentation in free jazz, represented by artists such as <a href="/wiki/Ornette_Coleman" title="Ornette Coleman">Ornette Coleman</a>, <a href="/wiki/Sun_Ra" title="Sun Ra">Sun Ra</a>, <a href="/wiki/Albert_Ayler" title="Albert Ayler">Albert Ayler</a>, <a href="/wiki/Archie_Shepp" title="Archie Shepp">Archie Shepp</a> and <a href="/wiki/Don_Cherry_(trumpeter)" title="Don Cherry (trumpeter)">Don Cherry</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-26" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-26"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>26<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Additionally, avant-garde rock artists such as <a href="/wiki/Frank_Zappa" title="Frank Zappa">Frank Zappa</a>, <a href="/wiki/Captain_Beefheart" title="Captain Beefheart">Captain Beefheart</a>, and <a href="/wiki/The_Residents" title="The Residents">the Residents</a> released art music albums. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Popular_music">Popular music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=8" title="Edit section: Popular music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Popular_music" title="Popular music">Popular music</a></div> <p>Popular music is any musical style accessible to the general public and disseminated by the mass media. Musicologist and popular music specialist Philip Tagg defined the notion in the light of sociocultural and economical aspects: </p> <blockquote><p>Popular music, unlike art music, is (1) conceived for mass distribution to large and often socioculturally heterogeneous groups of listeners, (2) stored and distributed in non-written form, (3) only possible in an industrial monetary economy where it becomes a commodity and (4) in capitalist societies, subject to the laws of 'free' enterprise_ it should ideally sell as much as possible.<sup id="cite_ref-Analysing_Popular_Music_1982,_p._41_14-2" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Analysing_Popular_Music_1982,_p._41-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></p></blockquote> <p>The distinction between classical and popular music has sometimes been blurred in marginal areas<sup id="cite_ref-27" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-27"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>27<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> such as <a href="/wiki/Minimalist_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Minimalist music">minimalist music</a> and light classics. Background music for films/movies often draws on both traditions. In this respect, music is like fiction, which likewise draws a distinction between <a href="/wiki/Literary_fiction" title="Literary fiction">literary fiction</a> and <a href="/wiki/Popular_fiction" class="mw-redirect" title="Popular fiction">popular fiction</a> that is not always precise. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Country_music">Country music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=9" title="Edit section: Country music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country music</a></div> <p>Country music, also known as country and western (or simply country) and hillbilly music, is a genre of popular music that originated in the southern United States in the early 1920s. The origin of country music stems from European <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk</a> <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">music</a> as well as ballads and dance tunes brought by British immigrants who combined these elements with <a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">blues</a> and <a href="/wiki/Spirituals" title="Spirituals">spirituals</a> of <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African Americans</a> to create a separate musical form.<sup id="cite_ref-28" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-28"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>28<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Electronic_music">Electronic music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=10" title="Edit section: Electronic music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">Electronic music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music" title="Electronic dance music">electronic dance music</a></div> <p>Electronic music is music that employs <a href="/wiki/Electronic_musical_instrument" title="Electronic musical instrument">electronic musical instruments</a>, digital instruments, or <a href="/wiki/Electronics" title="Electronics">circuitry-based</a> <a href="/wiki/Music_technology" title="Music technology">music technology</a> in its creation. Contemporary electronic music includes many varieties and ranges from experimental art music to popular forms such as electronic dance music (EDM). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Funk">Funk</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=11" title="Edit section: Funk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">Funk</a></div> <p>Funk is a music genre that originated in <a href="/wiki/African_Americans" title="African Americans">African American</a> communities in the mid-1960s when musicians created a <a href="/wiki/Rhythm" title="Rhythm">rhythmic</a>, danceable new form of music through a mixture of soul, jazz, and rhythm and blues (R&B). </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Hip_hop_music">Hip hop music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=12" title="Edit section: Hip hop music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg/220px-DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="165" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg/330px-DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8e/DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg/440px-DJ_Hypnotize_and_Baby_Cee.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a><figcaption>Two DJs practicing <a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">turntablism</a></figcaption></figure> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">Hip hop music</a></div> <p>Hip Hop music, also referred to as <i>hip-hop</i> or <i>rap music</i>, is a genre of music that was started in the United States, specifically the South Bronx in the New York City by African-American youth from the inner cities during the 1970s. It can be broadly defined as a stylized rhythmic music that commonly accompanies <a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rapping</a>,<sup id="cite_ref-29" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-29"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>29<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> a rhythmic and rhyming speech that is chanted.<sup id="cite_ref-30" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-30"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>30<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Hip hop music derives from the hip hop culture itself, including four key elements: emceeing (<a href="/wiki/Master_of_ceremonies" title="Master of ceremonies">MCing</a>)/<a href="/wiki/Rapping" title="Rapping">rapping</a>, Disc jockeying (DJing) with <a href="/wiki/Turntablism" title="Turntablism">turntablism</a>, <a href="/wiki/Breakdancing" title="Breakdancing">breakdancing</a> and <a href="/wiki/Graffiti" title="Graffiti">graffiti art</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Jazz">Jazz</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=13" title="Edit section: Jazz"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></div> <p>Jazz is a music genre that originated in the African-American communities of New Orleans, Louisiana, United States, in the late 19th and early 20th centuries, with its roots in blues and ragtime. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Latin_music">Latin music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=14" title="Edit section: Latin music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Latin_music" title="Latin music">Latin music</a></div> <p>Latin music is a genre of music that originated in the United States due to the growing influence of Latino Americans in the music industry. It is a term used by the music industry to describe music in a catch-all category for various music styles from <a href="/wiki/Ibero-America" title="Ibero-America">Ibero-America</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Pop_music">Pop music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=15" title="Edit section: Pop music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">Pop music</a></div> <p>Pop is a genre of popular music that originated in its modern form during the mid-1950s in the United States and the United Kingdom. The terms popular music and pop music are often used interchangeably, although the former describes all music that is popular and includes many disparate styles. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Punk">Punk</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=16" title="Edit section: Punk"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Punk_rock" title="Punk rock">Punk rock</a></div> <p>The aggressiveness of the musical and performative style, based on structural simplicity and the vigorous rhythms of rock'n'roll style, reinforced the challenging and provocative character, within the universe of modern music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Reggae">Reggae</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=17" title="Edit section: Reggae"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Reggae" title="Reggae">Reggae</a></div> <p>Reggae music, originating from the late 1960s <a href="/wiki/Jamaica" title="Jamaica">Jamaica</a>, is a genre of music that was originally used by Jamaicans to define themselves with their lifestyle and social aspects.<sup id="cite_ref-31" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-31"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>31<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The meaning behind reggae songs tend to be about love, faith or a higher power, and freedom.<sup id="cite_ref-32" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-32"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>32<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Reggae music is important to <a href="/wiki/Culture_of_Jamaica" title="Culture of Jamaica">Jamaican culture</a> as it has been used as inspiration for many third world liberation movements. <a href="/wiki/Bob_Marley" title="Bob Marley">Bob Marley</a>, an artist primarily known for reggae music, was honored by Zimbabwe's 1980 Independence celebration due to his music giving inspirations to freedom fighters. The music genre of reggae is known to incorporate stylistic techniques from <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>, African, Caribbean, and other genres as well but what makes reggae unique are the vocals and lyrics.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (February 2020)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> The vocals tend to be sung in <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_Patois" title="Jamaican Patois">Jamaican Patois</a>, <a href="/wiki/Jamaican_English" title="Jamaican English">Jamaican English</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Iyaric" title="Iyaric">Iyaric</a> dialects. The lyrics of reggae music usually tend to raise political awareness and on cultural perspectives.<sup id="cite_ref-33" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-33"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>33<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Rock_music">Rock music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=18" title="Edit section: Rock music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Rock_music" title="Rock music">Rock music</a></div> <p>Rock music is a broad genre of popular music that originated as "<a href="/wiki/Rock_and_roll" title="Rock and roll">rock and roll</a>" in the United States in the late 1940s and early 1950s, developing into a range of different styles in the mid-1960s and later, particularly in the United States and the United Kingdom. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Heavy_Metal/Metal_music"><span id="Heavy_Metal.2FMetal_music"></span>Heavy Metal/Metal music</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=19" title="Edit section: Heavy Metal/Metal music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">Heavy metal music</a></div> <p>Heavy metal evolved from <a href="/wiki/Hard_rock" title="Hard rock">hard rock</a>, <a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_rock" title="Psychedelic rock">psychedelic rock</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Blues_rock" title="Blues rock">blues rock</a> in late 1960s and 1970s with notable acts such as <a href="/wiki/Black_Sabbath" title="Black Sabbath">Black Sabbath</a>, <a href="/wiki/Judas_Priest" title="Judas Priest">Judas Priest</a> and <a href="/wiki/Mot%C3%B6rhead" title="Motörhead">Motörhead</a>. The popularity of heavy metal soared in the 1980s with bands such as <a href="/wiki/Iron_Maiden" title="Iron Maiden">Iron Maiden</a>, <a href="/wiki/Metallica" title="Metallica">Metallica</a> and <a href="/wiki/Guns_%27n%27_Roses" class="mw-redirect" title="Guns 'n' Roses">Guns 'n' Roses</a>. It has a rougher style and heavier sound than other forms of rock music, with notable subgenres such as <a href="/wiki/Thrash_metal" title="Thrash metal">thrash metal</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hair_metal" class="mw-redirect" title="Hair metal">hair metal</a> and <a href="/wiki/Death_metal" title="Death metal">death metal</a>.<sup class="noprint Inline-Template Template-Fact" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Citation_needed" title="Wikipedia:Citation needed"><span title="This claim needs references to reliable sources. (April 2022)">citation needed</span></a></i>]</sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Soul_music_and_R&B"><span id="Soul_music_and_R.26B"></span>Soul music and R&B</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=20" title="Edit section: Soul music and R&B"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">Soul music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Rhythm_and_blues" title="Rhythm and blues">rhythm and blues</a></div> <p>Soul music became a musical genre that came to include a wide variety of R&B-based music styles from the pop R&B acts at <a href="/wiki/Motown_Records" class="mw-redirect" title="Motown Records">Motown Records</a> in Detroit, such as <a href="/wiki/The_Temptations" title="The Temptations">the Temptations</a>, <a href="/wiki/Gladys_Knight_%26_the_Pips" title="Gladys Knight & the Pips">Gladys Knight & the Pips</a>, <a href="/wiki/Marvin_Gaye" title="Marvin Gaye">Marvin Gaye</a> and <a href="/wiki/Four_Tops" title="Four Tops">Four Tops</a>, to "<a href="/wiki/Deep_soul" class="mw-redirect" title="Deep soul">deep soul</a>" singers such as <a href="/wiki/Percy_Sledge" title="Percy Sledge">Percy Sledge</a> and <a href="/wiki/James_Carr_(musician)" class="mw-redirect" title="James Carr (musician)">James Carr</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-Motown_Museum_34-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-Motown_Museum-34"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>34<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Polka">Polka</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=21" title="Edit section: Polka"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Polka" title="Polka">Polka</a></div> <p>The polka is originally a Czech dance and genre of dance music familiar throughout Europe and the Americas.<sup id="cite_ref-35" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-35"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>35<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Religious_music">Religious music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=22" title="Edit section: Religious music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Religious_music" title="Religious music">Religious music</a></div> <p>Religious music (also referred as sacred music) is music performed or composed for religious use or through religious influence. <a href="/wiki/Gospel_music" title="Gospel music">Gospel</a>, spiritual, and <a href="/wiki/Christian_music" title="Christian music">Christian music</a> are examples of religious music. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Traditional_and_folk_music">Traditional and folk music</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=23" title="Edit section: Traditional and folk music"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main articles: <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">Folk music</a> and <a href="/wiki/Contemporary_folk_music" title="Contemporary folk music">contemporary folk music</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Sonolite.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="A picture of a red and black button accordion" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Sonolite.jpg/220px-Sonolite.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="178" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Sonolite.jpg/330px-Sonolite.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/8c/Sonolite.jpg/440px-Sonolite.jpg 2x" data-file-width="450" data-file-height="364" /></a><figcaption><a href="/wiki/Piano_accordion" title="Piano accordion">Piano accordion</a>: Italian instrument used in several cultures</figcaption></figure> <p>Traditional and folk music are very similar categories. Although the traditional music is a very broad category and can include several genres, it is widely accepted that traditional music encompasses folk music.<sup id="cite_ref-36" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-36"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>36<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to the <a href="/wiki/International_Council_for_Traditional_Music" title="International Council for Traditional Music">ICTM</a> (International Council for Traditional Music), traditional music are songs and tunes that have been performed over a long period of time (usually several generations)<b>.</b> <sup id="cite_ref-37" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-37"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>37<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>The <a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">folk music</a> genre is classified as the music that is orally passed from one generation to another. Usually, the artist is unknown, and there are several versions of the same song.<sup id="cite_ref-38" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-38"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>38<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> The genre is transmitted by singing, listening and dancing to popular songs. This type of communication allows culture to transmit the styles (pitches and cadences) as well as the context it was developed.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_39-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-39"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>39<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Culturally transmitting folk songs maintain rich evidence about the period of history when they were created and the social class in which they developed.<sup id="cite_ref-40" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-40"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>40<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Some examples of the Folk Genre can be seen in the <a href="/wiki/English_folk_music" title="English folk music">folk music of England</a> and <a href="/wiki/Turkish_folk_music" title="Turkish folk music">Turkish folk music</a>. English folk music has developed since the <a href="/wiki/Middle_Ages" title="Middle Ages">medieval period</a> and has been transmitted from that time until today. Similarly, Turkish folk music relates to all the civilizations that once passed thorough Turkey, thereby being a world reference since the east–west tensions during the <a href="/wiki/Early_Modern_history" class="mw-redirect" title="Early Modern history">Early Modern Period</a>. </p><p>Traditional folk music usually refers to songs composed in the twentieth century, which tend to be written as universal truths and big issues of the time they were composed.<sup id="cite_ref-41" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-41"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>41<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Artists including <a href="/wiki/Bob_Dylan" title="Bob Dylan">Bob Dylan</a>; <a href="/wiki/Peter,_Paul_and_Mary" title="Peter, Paul and Mary">Peter, Paul and Mary</a>; <a href="/wiki/James_Taylor" title="James Taylor">James Taylor</a>; and <a href="/wiki/Leonard_Cohen" title="Leonard Cohen">Leonard Cohen</a>, transformed folk music to what it is known today.<sup id="cite_ref-42" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-42"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>42<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Newer composers such as <a href="/wiki/Ed_Sheeran" title="Ed Sheeran">Ed Sheeran</a> (pop folk) and <a href="/wiki/The_Lumineers" title="The Lumineers">the Lumineers</a> (American folk) are examples of contemporary folk music, which has been recorded and adapted to the new way of listening to music (online)—unlike the traditional way of orally transmitting music.<sup id="cite_ref-43" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-43"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>43<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Each country in the world, in some cases each region, district and community, has its own folk music style. The sub-divisions of folk genre are developed by each place, cultural identity and history.<sup id="cite_ref-44" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-44"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>44<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Because the music is developed in different places, many of the instruments are characteristic to location and population—but some are used everywhere: <a href="/wiki/Button_accordion" title="Button accordion">button</a> or <a href="/wiki/Piano_accordion" title="Piano accordion">piano accordion</a>, different types of flutes or trumpets, <a href="/wiki/Banjo" title="Banjo">banjo</a>, and <a href="/wiki/Ukulele" title="Ukulele">ukulele</a>. Both French and Scottish folk music use related instruments such as the <a href="/wiki/Fiddle" title="Fiddle">fiddle</a>, the harp and variations of <a href="/wiki/Bagpipes" title="Bagpipes">bagpipes</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-45" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-45"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>45<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Psychology_of_music_preference">Psychology of music preference</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=24" title="Edit section: Psychology of music preference"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236090951"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Main article: <a href="/wiki/Psychology_of_music_preference" title="Psychology of music preference">Psychology of music preference</a></div> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena,_March_28th_2009.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena%2C_March_28th_2009.jpg/220px-Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena%2C_March_28th_2009.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="146" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena%2C_March_28th_2009.jpg/330px-Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena%2C_March_28th_2009.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f8/Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena%2C_March_28th_2009.jpg/440px-Metallica_at_the_O2_Arena%2C_March_28th_2009.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2873" data-file-height="1906" /></a><figcaption>Metallica performing at the O2 Arena, March 28, 2009</figcaption></figure> <figure class="mw-default-size" typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/File:John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_(191409).jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_%28191409%29.jpg/220px-John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_%28191409%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="220" height="147" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_%28191409%29.jpg/330px-John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_%28191409%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_%28191409%29.jpg/440px-John_Scofield_Kongsberg_Jazzfestival_2017_%28191409%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></a><figcaption>John Scofield at the stage of Energimølla. The concert was part of <a href="/wiki/Kongsberg_Jazzfestival" title="Kongsberg Jazzfestival">Kongsberg Jazzfestival</a> and took place on July 6, 2017</figcaption></figure> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Social_influences_on_music_selection">Social influences on music selection</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=25" title="Edit section: Social influences on music selection"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Since music has become more easily accessible (<a href="/wiki/Spotify" title="Spotify">Spotify</a>, <a href="/wiki/ITunes" title="ITunes">iTunes</a>, YouTube, etc.), more people have begun listening to a broader and wider range of music styles.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_46-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> In addition, social identity also plays a large role in music preference. Personality is a key contributor for music selection. Those who consider themselves to be "rebels" will tend to choose heavier music styles like <a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_music" title="Heavy metal music">heavy metal</a> or <a href="/wiki/Hard_rock" title="Hard rock">hard rock</a>, while those who consider themselves to be more "relaxed" or "laid back" will tend to choose lighter music styles like <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a> or classical music.<sup id="cite_ref-:02_46-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:02-46"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>46<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> According to one model, there are five main factors that exist that underlie music preferences that are genre-free,<sup class="noprint Inline-Template" style="white-space:nowrap;">[<i><a href="/wiki/Category:All_self-contradictory_articles" title="Category:All self-contradictory articles"><span title=" (September 2019)">contradictory</span></a></i>]</sup> and reflect emotional/affective responses.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_47-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> These five factors are: </p> <ol><li>A Mellow factor consisting of smooth and relaxing styles (jazz, classical, etc.).</li> <li>An Urban factor defined largely by rhythmic and percussive music (rap, <a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">hip-hop</a>, <a href="/wiki/Funk" title="Funk">funk</a>, etc.).</li> <li>A Sophisticated factor (<a href="/wiki/Opera_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Opera music">operatic</a>, <a href="/wiki/World_music" title="World music">world</a>, etc.)</li> <li>An Intensity factor that is defined by forceful, loud, and energetic music (rock, metal, etc.).</li> <li>A campestral factor, which refers to singer-songwriter genres and country.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_47-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-47"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>47<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup></li></ol> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Individual_and_situational_influences">Individual and situational influences</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=26" title="Edit section: Individual and situational influences"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Studies have shown that while women prefer more treble oriented music, men prefer to listen to bass-heavy music. A preference for bass-heavy music is sometimes paired with <a href="/wiki/Borderline_personality_disorder" title="Borderline personality disorder">borderline</a> and <a href="/wiki/Antisocial_personality_disorder" title="Antisocial personality disorder">antisocial</a> personalities.<sup id="cite_ref-48" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-48"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>48<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Age is another strong factor that contributes to musical preference. Evidence is available that shows that music preference can change as one gets older.<sup id="cite_ref-49" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-49"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>49<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> A Canadian study showed that adolescents show greater interest in pop music artists while adults and the elderly population prefer classic genres such as rock, opera, and <a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">jazz</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-50" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-50"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>50<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="See_also">See also</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=27" title="Edit section: See also"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1266661725">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:1px solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1);padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-style:italic;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 0.2em 0.3em;vertical-align:middle}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .portalleft{margin:0.5em 1em 0.5em 0}.mw-parser-output .portalright{clear:right;float:right;margin:0.5em 0 0.5em 1em}}</style><ul role="navigation" aria-label="Portals" class="noprint portalbox portalborder portalright"> <li class="portalbox-entry"><span class="portalbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/10px-GClef.svg.png" decoding="async" width="10" height="28" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/15px-GClef.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/ff/GClef.svg/20px-GClef.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="15" data-file-height="41" /></span></span></span><span class="portalbox-link"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Music" title="Portal:Music">Music portal</a></span></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1235681985">.mw-parser-output .side-box{margin:4px 0;box-sizing:border-box;border:1px solid #aaa;font-size:88%;line-height:1.25em;background-color:var(--background-color-interactive-subtle,#f8f9fa);display:flow-root}.mw-parser-output .side-box-abovebelow,.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{padding:0.25em 0.9em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-image{padding:2px 0 2px 0.9em;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-imageright{padding:2px 0.9em 2px 0;text-align:center}@media(min-width:500px){.mw-parser-output .side-box-flex{display:flex;align-items:center}.mw-parser-output .side-box-text{flex:1;min-width:0}}@media(min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .side-box{width:238px}.mw-parser-output .side-box-right{clear:right;float:right;margin-left:1em}.mw-parser-output .side-box-left{margin-right:1em}}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1237033735">@media print{body.ns-0 .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox{display:none!important}}@media screen{html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .sistersitebox img[src*="Wiktionary-logo-en-v2.svg"]{background-color:white}}</style><div class="side-box side-box-right plainlinks sistersitebox"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1126788409">.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul{line-height:inherit;list-style:none;margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .plainlist ol li,.mw-parser-output .plainlist ul li{margin-bottom:0}</style> <div class="side-box-flex"> <div class="side-box-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/File:Commons-logo.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/en/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></a></span></div> <div class="side-box-text plainlist">Wikimedia Commons has media related to <a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Music_genres" class="extiw" title="commons:Music genres"><span style="font-style:italic; font-weight:bold;">Music genres</span></a>.</div></div> </div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Billboard_charts" title="Billboard charts">Billboard charts</a>, which defines a list of genres</li> <li><a href="/wiki/Composition_school" title="Composition school">Composition school</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Grammy_Award_categories" title="List of Grammy Award categories">List of Grammy Award categories</a>, which defines a list of genres</li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_genres_and_styles" title="List of music genres and styles">List of music genres and styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_radio_formats" class="mw-redirect" title="List of radio formats">List of radio formats</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_ID3v1_Genres" class="mw-redirect" title="List of ID3v1 Genres">List of ID3v1 Genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Radio_Data_System" title="Radio Data System">Radio Data System</a>, which enables the tagging of the genre of broadcasts within defined categories</li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=28" title="Edit section: References"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1239543626">.mw-parser-output .reflist{margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%}}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Samson, Jim. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/subscriber/article/grove/music/40599">"Genre"</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200424193134/https://www.oxfordmusiconline.com/grovemusic/view/10.1093/gmo/9781561592630.001.0001/omo-9781561592630-e-0000040599">Archived</a> April 24, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. In Grove Music Online. Oxford Music Online. Accessed March 4, 2012.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-2">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1238218222">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit;word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free.id-lock-free a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background-size:contain;padding:0 1em 0 0}.mw-parser-output .cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{color:var(--color-error,#d33)}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#085;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}@media screen{.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}@media screen and (prefers-color-scheme:dark){html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{color:#18911f}}</style><cite id="CITEREFDannenberg2010" class="citation book cs1">Dannenberg, Roger (2010). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rbd/papers/rbd-style-2009.pdf"><i>Style in Music</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> (published 2009). p. 2. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Bibcode (identifier)">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2010tsos.book...45D">2010tsos.book...45D</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210506153704/https://www.cs.cmu.edu/~rbd/papers/rbd-style-2009.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 6, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 8,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Style+in+Music&rft.pages=2&rft.date=2010&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2010tsos.book...45D&rft.aulast=Dannenberg&rft.aufirst=Roger&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cs.cmu.edu%2F~rbd%2Fpapers%2Frbd-style-2009.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFGreen1965" class="citation book cs1">Green, Douglass M. (1965). <i>Form in Tonal Music</i>. Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, Inc. p. 1. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-03-020286-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-03-020286-5"><bdi>978-0-03-020286-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Form+in+Tonal+Music&rft.pages=1&rft.pub=Holt%2C+Rinehart%2C+and+Winston%2C+Inc&rft.date=1965&rft.isbn=978-0-03-020286-5&rft.aulast=Green&rft.aufirst=Douglass+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Moore-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Moore_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMoore2001" class="citation journal cs1">Moore, Allan F. (2001). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.hugoribeiro.com.br/biblioteca-digital/Moore-Genre_Style.pdf">"Categorical Conventions in Music Discourse: Style and Genre"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>. <i>Music & Letters</i>. <b>82</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">432–</span>442. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1093%2Fml%2F82.3.432">10.1093/ml/82.3.432</a>. <a href="/wiki/JSTOR_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="JSTOR (identifier)">JSTOR</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.jstor.org/stable/3526163">3526163</a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210518110958/https://www.hugoribeiro.com.br/biblioteca-digital/Moore-Genre_Style.pdf">Archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on May 18, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Music+%26+Letters&rft.atitle=Categorical+Conventions+in+Music+Discourse%3A+Style+and+Genre&rft.volume=82&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E432-%3C%2Fspan%3E442&rft.date=2001&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1093%2Fml%2F82.3.432&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.jstor.org%2Fstable%2F3526163%23id-name%3DJSTOR&rft.aulast=Moore&rft.aufirst=Allan+F.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.hugoribeiro.com.br%2Fbiblioteca-digital%2FMoore-Genre_Style.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_5-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFFabbri1982" class="citation cs2">Fabbri, Franco (1982), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.tagg.org/xpdfs/ffabbri81a.pdf"><i>A Theory of Musical Genres: Two Applications</i></a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>, p. 1, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20201213115259/https://www.tagg.org/xpdfs/ffabbri81a.pdf">archived</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span> from the original on December 13, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">, retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2021</span></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=A+Theory+of+Musical+Genres%3A+Two+Applications&rft.pages=1&rft.date=1982&rft.aulast=Fabbri&rft.aufirst=Franco&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.tagg.org%2Fxpdfs%2Fffabbri81a.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-6">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFLaurie2014" class="citation journal cs1">Laurie, Timothy (2014). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5130%2Fcsr.v20i2.4149">"Music Genre as Method"</a>. <i>Cultural Studies Review</i>. <b>20</b> (2). <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.5130%2Fcsr.v20i2.4149">10.5130/csr.v20i2.4149</a></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Cultural+Studies+Review&rft.atitle=Music+Genre+as+Method&rft.volume=20&rft.issue=2&rft.date=2014&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.5130%2Fcsr.v20i2.4149&rft.aulast=Laurie&rft.aufirst=Timothy&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fdoi.org%2F10.5130%252Fcsr.v20i2.4149&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Pete-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-Pete_7-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFvan_der_Merwe1989" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/Peter_van_der_Merwe_(musicologist)" title="Peter van der Merwe (musicologist)">van der Merwe, Peter</a> (1989). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/originsofpopular0000vand/page/3"><i>Origins of the Popular Style: The Antecedents of Twentieth-Century Popular Music</i></a>. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://archive.org/details/originsofpopular0000vand/page/3">3</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-316121-4" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-316121-4"><bdi>978-0-19-316121-4</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Origins+of+the+Popular+Style%3A+The+Antecedents+of+Twentieth-Century+Popular+Music&rft.place=Oxford&rft.pages=3&rft.pub=Clarendon+Press&rft.date=1989&rft.isbn=978-0-19-316121-4&rft.aulast=van+der+Merwe&rft.aufirst=Peter&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Farchive.org%2Fdetails%2Foriginsofpopular0000vand%2Fpage%2F3&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation encyclopaedia cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/subgenre">"subgenre"</a>. <i>dictionary.com</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160201035249/http://dictionary.reference.com/browse/subgenre">Archived</a> from the original on February 1, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Rosanna Dalmonte & Mario Baroni, Trent, 1992, pp. 369–78, at p. 376.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://blog.discogs.com/en/genres-and-styles/">"Genres and Styles | Discogs"</a>. <i>Discogs Blog</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20210405213327/https://blog.discogs.com/en/genres-and-styles/">Archived</a> from the original on April 5, 2021<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Bloomsbury Publishing. pp. <span class="nowrap">1–</span>6. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-5013-4583-8" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-5013-4583-8"><bdi>978-1-5013-4583-8</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231129060335/https://books.google.com/books?id=RkzODwAAQBAJ&pg=PA6#v=onepage&q&f=false">Archived</a> from the original on November 29, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">April 6,</span> 2021</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=everynoise.com&rft.atitle=Every+Noise+at+Once&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Feverynoise.com%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-ECON-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-ECON_20-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECON_20-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-ECON_20-2"><sup><i><b>c</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.econotimes.com/Musical-genres-are-out-of-date-%E2%80%93-but-this-new-system-explains-why-you-might-like-both-jazz-and-hip-hop-244941">"Musical genres are out of date – but this new system explains why you might like both jazz and hip hop"</a>. Econotimes. August 3, 2016. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160807151418/http://www.econotimes.com/Musical-genres-are-out-of-date-%E2%80%93-but-this-new-system-explains-why-you-might-like-both-jazz-and-hip-hop-244941">Archived</a> from the original on August 7, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">August 8,</span> 2016</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Musical+genres+are+out+of+date+%E2%80%93+but+this+new+system+explains+why+you+might+like+both+jazz+and+hip+hop&rft.pub=Econotimes&rft.date=2016-08-03&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.econotimes.com%2FMusical-genres-are-out-of-date-%25E2%2580%2593-but-this-new-system-explains-why-you-might-like-both-jazz-and-hip-hop-244941&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincenzo_Caporaletti2005" class="citation book cs1">Vincenzo Caporaletti (2005). <i>I processi improvvisativi nella musica</i>. Lucca: LIM. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/88-7096-420-5" title="Special:BookSources/88-7096-420-5"><bdi>88-7096-420-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=I+processi+improvvisativi+nella+musica&rft.place=Lucca&rft.pub=LIM&rft.date=2005&rft.isbn=88-7096-420-5&rft.au=Vincenzo+Caporaletti&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFVincenzo_Caporaletti2019" class="citation book cs1">Vincenzo Caporaletti (2019). <i>Introduzione alla teoria delle musica audiotattili</i>. 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"Musique Savante (Serious Music)". <i>Dictionnaire des mots de la musique</i> (Paris: Outre Mesure): 242.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-Arnold,_Denis-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-Arnold,_Denis_24-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-Arnold,_Denis_24-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text">Arnold, Denis: "Art Music, Art Song", in <i>The New Oxford Companion to Music, Volume 1: A-J</i> (Oxford and New York: <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>, 1983): 111.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Tagg, Philip. "Analysing Popular Music: Theory, Method and Practice". <i>Popular Music</i> 2 (1982): 37–67, here 41–42.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-26"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-26">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Anon. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.allmusic.com/subgenre/avant-garde-jazz-ma0000002438">Avant-Garde Jazz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200728150835/https://www.allmusic.com/subgenre/avant-garde-jazz-ma0000002438">Archived</a> July 28, 2020, at the <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. AllMusic.com, n.d.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-27"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-27">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text">Arnold, Denis (1983): "Art Music, Art Song", in <i>The New Oxford Companion to Music, Volume 1: A-J</i>, Oxford University Press, p. 111, <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/0-19-311316-3" title="Special:BookSources/0-19-311316-3">0-19-311316-3</a>.</span> </li> <li id="cite_note-28"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-28">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation book cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://utpress.utexas.edu/9781477315354"><i>Country Music USA: 50th Anniversary Edition</i></a>. University of Texas Press. 2018. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.7560%2F315347">10.7560/315347</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-4773-1536-1" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-4773-1536-1"><bdi>978-1-4773-1536-1</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Country+Music+USA%3A+50th+Anniversary+Edition&rft.pub=University+of+Texas+Press&rft.date=2018&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.7560%2F315347&rft.isbn=978-1-4773-1536-1&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Futpress.utexas.edu%2F9781477315354&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-29"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-29">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hip+hop">"Definition of HIP HOP"</a>. <i>Merriam-Webster</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160728072006/http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/hip+hop">Archived</a> from the original on July 28, 2016<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Merriam-Webster&rft.atitle=Definition+of+HIP+HOP&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.merriam-webster.com%2Fdictionary%2Fhip%2Bhop&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-30"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-30">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.britannica.com/art/rap">"Rap | music"</a>. <i>Encyclopedia Britannica</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20231004015431/https://www.britannica.com/art/rap">Archived</a> from the original on October 4, 2023<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 13,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Encyclopedia+Britannica&rft.atitle=Rap+%7C+music&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.britannica.com%2Fart%2Frap&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-31"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-31">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.units.miamioh.edu/ath175/student/petersle/culture.html">"ATH 175 Peoples of the World"</a>. <i>www.units.miamioh.edu</i>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200218053236/http://www.units.miamioh.edu/ath175/student/petersle/culture.html">Archived</a> from the original on February 18, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. Retrieved <span class="nowrap">February 19,</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=www.units.miamioh.edu&rft.atitle=ATH+175+Peoples+of+the+World&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.units.miamioh.edu%2Fath175%2Fstudent%2Fpetersle%2Fculture.html&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-32"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-32">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFDaynes2016" class="citation book cs1">Daynes, Sarah (May 16, 2016). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781847792877/9781847792877.xml"><i>Time and memory in reggae music: The politics of hope</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Manchester_University_Press" title="Manchester University Press">Manchester University Press</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-1-84779-287-7" title="Special:BookSources/978-1-84779-287-7"><bdi>978-1-84779-287-7</bdi></a>. <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20200804045840/https://www.manchesterhive.com/view/9781847792877/9781847792877.xml">Archived</a> from the original on August 4, 2020<span class="reference-accessdate">. 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Retrieved <span class="nowrap">March 27,</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Psychology+Today&rft.atitle=The+Psychology+of+Musical+Preferences&rft.date=2011-01-14&rft.aulast=Chamorro-Premuzic&rft.aufirst=Tomas&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.psychologytoday.com%2Fblog%2Fmr-personality%2F201101%2Fthe-psychology-musical-preferences&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-47"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_47-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_47-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFRentfrowGoldbergLevitin2011" class="citation journal cs1">Rentfrow, Peter J.; Goldberg, Lewis R.; Levitin, Daniel J. (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138530">"The structure of musical preferences: A five-factor model"</a>. <i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>. <b>100</b> (6): <span class="nowrap">1139–</span>1157. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0022406">10.1037/a0022406</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISSN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISSN (identifier)">ISSN</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://search.worldcat.org/issn/1939-1315">1939-1315</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMC_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMC (identifier)">PMC</a> <span class="id-lock-free" title="Freely accessible"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3138530">3138530</a></span>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21299309">21299309</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=The+structure+of+musical+preferences%3A+A+five-factor+model.&rft.volume=100&rft.issue=6&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E1139-%3C%2Fspan%3E1157&rft.date=2011&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3138530%23id-name%3DPMC&rft.issn=1939-1315&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F21299309&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0022406&rft.aulast=Rentfrow&rft.aufirst=Peter+J.&rft.au=Goldberg%2C+Lewis+R.&rft.au=Levitin%2C+Daniel+J.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC3138530&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-48"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-48">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFMcCownKeiser,_RossMulhearn,_SheaWilliamson,_David1997" class="citation journal cs1">McCown, William; Keiser, Ross; Mulhearn, Shea; Williamson, David (October 1997). "The role of personality and gender in preference for exaggerated bass in music". <i>Personality and Individual Differences</i>. <b>23</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">543–</span>547. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fs0191-8869%2897%2900085-8">10.1016/s0191-8869(97)00085-8</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Personality+and+Individual+Differences&rft.atitle=The+role+of+personality+and+gender+in+preference+for+exaggerated+bass+in+music&rft.volume=23&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E543-%3C%2Fspan%3E547&rft.date=1997-10&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2Fs0191-8869%2897%2900085-8&rft.aulast=McCown&rft.aufirst=William&rft.au=Keiser%2C+Ross&rft.au=Mulhearn%2C+Shea&rft.au=Williamson%2C+David&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFBonneville-RoussyRentfrowXuPotter2013" class="citation journal cs1">Bonneville-Roussy, Arielle; Rentfrow, Peter J.; Xu, Man K.; Potter, Jeff (2013). "Music through the ages: Trends in musical engagement and preferences from adolescence through middle adulthood". <i>Journal of Personality and Social Psychology</i>. <b>105</b> (4): <span class="nowrap">703–</span>717. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1037%2Fa0033770">10.1037/a0033770</a>. <a href="/wiki/PMID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="PMID (identifier)">PMID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/23895269">23895269</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Personality+and+Social+Psychology&rft.atitle=Music+through+the+ages%3A+Trends+in+musical+engagement+and+preferences+from+adolescence+through+middle+adulthood.&rft.volume=105&rft.issue=4&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E703-%3C%2Fspan%3E717&rft.date=2013&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1037%2Fa0033770&rft_id=info%3Apmid%2F23895269&rft.aulast=Bonneville-Roussy&rft.aufirst=Arielle&rft.au=Rentfrow%2C+Peter+J.&rft.au=Xu%2C+Man+K.&rft.au=Potter%2C+Jeff&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFSchwartzFoutsGregory2003" class="citation journal cs1">Schwartz, Kelly; Fouts; Gregory (2003). "Music preferences, personality style, and developmental issues of adolescents". <i>Journal of Youth and Adolescence</i>. <b>32</b> (3): <span class="nowrap">205–</span>213. <a href="/wiki/Doi_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="Doi (identifier)">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1023%2Fa%3A1022547520656">10.1023/a:1022547520656</a>. <a href="/wiki/S2CID_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="S2CID (identifier)">S2CID</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:41849910">41849910</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Journal+of+Youth+and+Adolescence&rft.atitle=Music+preferences%2C+personality+style%2C+and+developmental+issues+of+adolescents&rft.volume=32&rft.issue=3&rft.pages=%3Cspan+class%3D%22nowrap%22%3E205-%3C%2Fspan%3E213&rft.date=2003&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1023%2Fa%3A1022547520656&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fapi.semanticscholar.org%2FCorpusID%3A41849910%23id-name%3DS2CID&rft.aulast=Schwartz&rft.aufirst=Kelly&rft.au=Fouts&rft.au=Gregory&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Further_reading">Further reading</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Music_genre&action=edit&section=29" title="Edit section: Further reading"><span>edit</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFHolt2007" class="citation book cs1">Holt, Fabian (2007). <i>Genre in Popular Music</i>. Chicago: <a href="/wiki/University_of_Chicago_Press" title="University of Chicago Press">University of Chicago Press</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Genre+in+Popular+Music&rft.place=Chicago&rft.pub=University+of+Chicago+Press&rft.date=2007&rft.aulast=Holt&rft.aufirst=Fabian&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFNegus1999" class="citation book cs1">Negus, Keith (1999). <i>Music Genres and Corporate Cultures</i>. New York: <a href="/wiki/Routledge" title="Routledge">Routledge</a>. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17399-5" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-415-17399-5"><bdi>978-0-415-17399-5</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Music+Genres+and+Corporate+Cultures&rft.place=New+York&rft.pub=Routledge&rft.date=1999&rft.isbn=978-0-415-17399-5&rft.aulast=Negus&rft.aufirst=Keith&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></li> <li><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1238218222"><cite id="CITEREFStarr,_LarryWaterman,_Christopher_Alan2010" class="citation book cs1">Starr, Larry; Waterman, Christopher Alan (2010). <i>American popular music from minstrelsy to MP3</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href="/wiki/ISBN_(identifier)" class="mw-redirect" title="ISBN (identifier)">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Special:BookSources/978-0-19-539630-0" title="Special:BookSources/978-0-19-539630-0"><bdi>978-0-19-539630-0</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=American+popular+music+from+minstrelsy+to+MP3&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2010&rft.isbn=978-0-19-539630-0&rft.au=Starr%2C+Larry&rft.au=Waterman%2C+Christopher+Alan&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fen.wikipedia.org%3AMusic+genre" class="Z3988"></span></li></ul> <div class="navbox-styles"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r1129693374">.mw-parser-output .hlist dl,.mw-parser-output .hlist ol,.mw-parser-output .hlist ul{margin:0;padding:0}.mw-parser-output .hlist dd,.mw-parser-output .hlist dt,.mw-parser-output .hlist li{margin:0;display:inline}.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline,.mw-parser-output .hlist.inline dl,.mw-parser-output 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href="/wiki/Template:Music_genres" title="Template:Music genres"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_genres" title="Template talk:Music genres"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_genres" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music genres"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Lists_of_music_genres_and_styles165" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em">Lists of music <a class="mw-selflink selflink">genres and styles</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">General lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_genres_and_styles" title="List of music genres and styles">Music genres and styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_styles_of_music:_A%E2%80%93F" title="List of styles of music: A–F">A–F</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_styles_of_music:_G%E2%80%93M" title="List of styles of music: G–M">G–M</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_styles_of_music:_N%E2%80%93R" title="List of styles of music: N–R">N–R</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_styles_of_music:_S%E2%80%93Z" title="List of styles of music: S–Z">S–Z</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_microgenres" title="List of microgenres">Microgenres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_styles_that_incorporate_the_accordion" title="List of music styles that incorporate the accordion">Uses accordion</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Genres</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_classical_and_art_music_traditions" title="List of classical and art music traditions">Classical and art music traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_electronic_music_genres" title="List of electronic music genres">Electronic</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ambient_music#Related_and_derivative_genres" title="Ambient music">Ambient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Breakbeat#Subgenres" title="Breakbeat">Breakbeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_dance_music#History" title="Electronic dance music">EDM</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hardstyle#Subgenres" title="Hardstyle">Hardstyle</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Styles_of_house_music" title="Styles of house music">House</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_industrial_music_genres" title="List of industrial music genres">Industrial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Techno#Developments" title="Techno">Techno</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_trance_genres" title="List of trance genres">Trance</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_jazz_genres" title="List of jazz genres">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_popular_music_genres" class="mw-redirect" title="List of popular music genres">Popular</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_country_genres" title="List of country genres">Country</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hip_hop_genres" class="mw-redirect" title="List of hip hop genres">Hip hop</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Reggae_genres" title="Reggae genres">Reggae</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_rock_genres" title="List of rock genres">Rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Heavy_metal_genres" title="Heavy metal genres">Heavy metal</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Punk_rock_subgenres" title="Punk rock subgenres">Punk rock</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_hardcore_punk_subgenres" title="List of hardcore punk subgenres">Hardcore punk</a></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Themes and movements</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Historically_informed_performance" title="Historically informed performance">Historically informed performance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_music" title="Martial music">Martial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_music" title="Progressive music">Progressive</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_music" title="Psychedelic music">Psychedelic</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cultural_and_regional_genres_of_music" title="List of cultural and regional genres of music">Cultural and regional genres</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_music_genres" title="List of Caribbean music genres">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_folk_music_traditions" title="List of folk music traditions">Folk traditions</a> <ul><li>American <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Central_American_folk_music_traditions" title="List of Central American folk music traditions">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_North_American_folk_music_traditions" title="List of North American folk music traditions">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_South_American_folk_music_traditions" title="List of South American folk music traditions">South</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Asian_folk_music_traditions" title="List of Asian folk music traditions">Asian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_folk_music_traditions" title="List of Caribbean folk music traditions">Caribbean</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_European_folk_music_traditions" title="List of European folk music traditions">European</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_and_North_African_music_traditions" title="Middle Eastern and North African music traditions">Middle Eastern and North African</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Oceanic_and_Australian_folk_music_traditions" title="List of Oceanic and Australian folk music traditions">Oceanic and Australian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sub-Saharan_African_music_traditions" title="Sub-Saharan African music traditions">Sub-Saharan African</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_gamelan_varieties" title="List of gamelan varieties">Gamelan</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div> <div class="navbox-styles"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1236075235"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"></div><div role="navigation" class="navbox" aria-labelledby="Music956" style="padding:3px"><table class="nowraplinks hlist mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-inner" style="border-spacing:0;background:transparent;color:inherit"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1129693374"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r1239400231"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-view"><a href="/wiki/Template:Music_topics" title="Template:Music topics"><abbr title="View this template">v</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-talk"><a href="/wiki/Template_talk:Music_topics" title="Template talk:Music topics"><abbr title="Discuss this template">t</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-edit"><a href="/wiki/Special:EditPage/Template:Music_topics" title="Special:EditPage/Template:Music topics"><abbr title="Edit this template">e</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div id="Music956" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"><a href="/wiki/Music" title="Music">Music</a></div></th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/History_of_music" title="History of music">History of music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Prehistoric_music" title="Prehistoric music">Prehistoric</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ancient_music" title="Ancient music">Ancient</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Dance_music" title="Dance music">Dance</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Martial_music" title="Martial music">Martial</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Religious_music" title="Religious music">Religious</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/History_of_music_in_the_biblical_period" title="History of music in the biblical period">Biblical</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Secular_music" title="Secular music">Secular</a></li></ul> </div><table class="nowraplinks navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Art_music" title="Art music">Art music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Klasik" title="Klasik">Afghan classical music—Klasik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Andalusi_classical_music" title="Andalusi classical music">Andalusi classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Arabic_music" title="Arabic music">Arabic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mugham" title="Mugham">Azerbaijani Mugham</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mah%C4%81g%C4%ABta" title="Mahāgīta">Burmese classical music—Mahāgīta</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pinpeat" title="Pinpeat">Cambodian ceremonial music—Pinpeat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Chinese_traditional_music" title="Chinese traditional music">Chinese traditional music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Indian_classical_music" title="Indian classical music">Indian classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Byzantine_music" title="Byzantine music">Byzantine music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gamelan" title="Gamelan">Indonesian art music—Gamelan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gagaku" title="Gagaku">Japanese court music—Gagaku</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Korean_court_music" title="Korean court music">Korean court music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lao_classical_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Lao classical music">Lao classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Griot" title="Griot">Mandé art music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ottoman_music" title="Ottoman music">Ottoman music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Persian_traditional_music" title="Persian traditional music">Persian classical music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kundiman" title="Kundiman">Philippine art songs—Kundiman</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pibroch" title="Pibroch">Scottish Ceòl Mór</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kandyan_dance" title="Kandyan dance">Kandyan dance of Sri Lanka</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Piphat" title="Piphat">Thai classical music—Piphat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nh%C3%A3_nh%E1%BA%A1c" title="Nhã nhạc">Vietnam imperial court music—Nhã nhạc</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Classical_music" title="Classical music">Western classical music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Vernacular_music" title="Vernacular music">Vernacular<br />music</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Circus_music" title="Circus music">Circus music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Folk_music" title="Folk music">Folk music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Blues" title="Blues">Blues</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Country_music" title="Country music">Country music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Electronic_music" title="Electronic music">Electronic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hip_hop_music" class="mw-redirect" title="Hip hop music">Hip hop music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jazz" title="Jazz">Jazz</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Pop_music" title="Pop music">Pop music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Progressive_music" title="Progressive music">Progressive music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Psychedelic_music" title="Psychedelic music">Psychedelic music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Soul_music" title="Soul music">Soul music</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Musical_instrument" title="Musical instrument">Musical instruments</a></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Arched_Harp" class="mw-redirect" title="Arched Harp">Arched Harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Angular_harp" title="Angular harp">Angular harp</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_harpsichord" title="History of the harpsichord">History of the harpsichord</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_lute-family_instruments" title="History of lute-family instruments">History of lute-family instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nafir" title="Nafir">Nafir</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Evolution_of_timpani_in_the_18th_and_19th_centuries" title="Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries">Evolution of timpani in the 18th and 19th centuries</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_trumpet" title="History of the trumpet">History of the trumpet</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/History_of_the_violin" title="History of the violin">History of the violin</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table><div> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musician" title="Musician">Musician</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Musical_ensemble" title="Musical ensemble">Ensembles</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Band_(rock_and_pop)" title="Band (rock and pop)">Band (rock and pop)</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Backup_band" title="Backup band">Backup band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/All-female_band" title="All-female band">All-female band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Rhythm_section" title="Rhythm section">Rhythm section</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Big_band" title="Big band">Big band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Concert_band" title="Concert band">Concert band</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Disc_jockey" title="Disc jockey">Disc jockey</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Military_band" title="Military band">Military band</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Lead_vocalist" title="Lead vocalist">Lead vocalist</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Backing_vocalist" title="Backing vocalist">Backing vocalist</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div class="hlist"><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_theory" title="Music theory">Theory</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Musical_composition" title="Musical composition">Composition</a></li></ul></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Musical_form" title="Musical form">Form</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Genre</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_notation" title="Musical notation">Notation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_improvisation" title="Musical improvisation">Improvisation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lyrics" title="Lyrics">Lyrics</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Singing" title="Singing">Singing</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Song" title="Song">Song</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musical_technique" title="Musical technique">Technique</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><a href="/wiki/Music_education" title="Music education">Education</a> and study</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Bachelor_of_Music" title="Bachelor of Music">Bachelor of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Master_of_Music" title="Master of Music">Master of Music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Musical_Arts" title="Doctor of Musical Arts">Doctor of Musical Arts</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Doctor_of_Philosophy" title="Doctor of Philosophy">PhD</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Method_(music)" title="Method (music)">Method</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_archaeology" title="Music archaeology">Music archaeology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_history" title="Music history">Music history</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_psychology" class="mw-redirect" title="Music psychology">Music psychology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_school" title="Music school">Music school</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Composition_school" title="Composition school">Composition</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Musicology" title="Musicology">Musicology</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Biomusicology" title="Biomusicology">Biomusicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cognitive_musicology" title="Cognitive musicology">Cognitive musicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Computational_musicology" title="Computational musicology">Computational musicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ecomusicology" title="Ecomusicology">Ecomusicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ethnomusicology" title="Ethnomusicology">Ethnomusicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/New_musicology" title="New musicology">New musicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Organology" title="Organology">Organology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sociomusicology" title="Sociomusicology">Sociomusicology</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zoomusicology" title="Zoomusicology">Zoomusicology</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Production</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Single_(music)" title="Single (music)">Single</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/A-side_and_B-side" title="A-side and B-side">A-side and B-side</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Extended_play" title="Extended play">Extended play</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Compilation_album" title="Compilation album">Compilation</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album#Live" title="Album">Live</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remix_album" title="Remix album">Remix</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Audio_engineer" title="Audio engineer">Audio engineer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_label" title="Record label">Record label</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Record_producer" title="Record producer">Record producer</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sampling_(music)" title="Sampling (music)">Sampling</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_technology_(electric)" title="Music technology (electric)">Music technology (electric)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_technology_(electronic_and_digital)" title="Music technology (electronic and digital)">Music technology (electronic and digital)</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sound_recording_and_reproduction" title="Sound recording and reproduction">Sound recording and reproduction</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Cover_version" title="Cover version">Cover</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Remix" title="Remix">Remix</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%"><div style="display: inline-block; line-height: 1.2em; padding: .1em 0;"><a href="/wiki/List_of_cultural_and_regional_genres_of_music" title="List of cultural and regional genres of music">Cultural and <br />regional genres</a></div></th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Africa" title="Music of Africa">African</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_Central_Africa" title="Category:Music of Central Africa">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_East_Africa" title="Category:Music of East Africa">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Africa" title="Music of North Africa">North</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_Southern_Africa" title="Category:Music of Southern Africa">Southern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_West_Africa" title="Music of West Africa">West</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Asia" title="Music of Asia">Asian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Central_Asia" title="Music of Central Asia">Central</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_East_Asia" title="Category:Music of East Asia">East</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Middle_Eastern_music" title="Middle Eastern music">Middle Eastern</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_South_Asia" title="Category:Music of South Asia">South</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Southeast_Asia" title="Music of Southeast Asia">Southeast</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_Europe" title="Category:Music of Europe">European</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Balkan_music" title="Balkan music">Balkan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nordic_folk_music" title="Nordic folk music">Nordic</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Latin_America" title="Music of Latin America">Latin American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_Central_America" title="Category:Music of Central America">Central American</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_South_America" title="Category:Music of South America">South American</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_North_America" title="Category:Music of North America">North American</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/List_of_Caribbean_music_genres" title="List of Caribbean music genres">Caribbean</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Category:Music_of_Oceania" title="Category:Music of Oceania">Oceanian</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Melanesia" title="Music of Melanesia">Melanesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Micronesia">Micronesian</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Polynesia" title="Music of Polynesia">Polynesian</a></li></ul></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">By sovereign state</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"></div><table class="nowraplinks mw-collapsible mw-collapsed navbox-subgroup" style="border-spacing:0"><tbody><tr><th scope="col" class="navbox-title" colspan="2"><div id="8129" style="font-size:114%;margin:0 4em"> </div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="navbox-list navbox-odd hlist" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Afghanistan" title="Music of Afghanistan">Afghanistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Albania" title="Music of Albania">Albania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Algeria" title="Music of Algeria">Algeria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Andorra" title="Music of Andorra">Andorra</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Angola" title="Music of Angola">Angola</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Antigua_and_Barbuda" title="Music of Antigua and Barbuda">Antigua and Barbuda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Argentina" title="Music of Argentina">Argentina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Armenia" title="Music of Armenia">Armenia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Australia" title="Music of Australia">Australia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Austria" title="Music of Austria">Austria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Azerbaijan" title="Music of Azerbaijan">Azerbaijan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Bahamas" title="Music of the Bahamas">Bahamas</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bahrain" title="Music of Bahrain">Bahrain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bangladesh" title="Music of Bangladesh">Bangladesh</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Barbados" title="Music of Barbados">Barbados</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Belarus" title="Music of Belarus">Belarus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Belgium" title="Music of Belgium">Belgium</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Belize" title="Music of Belize">Belize</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Benin" title="Music of Benin">Benin</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bhutan" title="Music of Bhutan">Bhutan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bolivia" title="Music of Bolivia">Bolivia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bosnia_and_Herzegovina" title="Music of Bosnia and Herzegovina">Bosnia and Herzegovina</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Botswana" title="Music of Botswana">Botswana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Brazil" title="Music of Brazil">Brazil</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Brunei" title="Music of Brunei">Brunei</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Bulgaria" title="Music of Bulgaria">Bulgaria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Burkina_Faso" title="Music of Burkina Faso">Burkina Faso</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Burundi" title="Music of Burundi">Burundi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cambodia" title="Music of Cambodia">Cambodia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cameroon" title="Music of Cameroon">Cameroon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Canada" title="Music of Canada">Canada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cape_Verde" title="Music of Cape Verde">Cape Verde</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Central_African_Republic" title="Music of the Central African Republic">Central African Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chad" title="Music of Chad">Chad</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Chile" title="Music of Chile">Chile</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_China" title="Music of China">China</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Colombia" title="Music of Colombia">Colombia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Comoros" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Comoros">Comoros</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Costa_Rica" title="Music of Costa Rica">Costa Rica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Croatia" title="Music of Croatia">Croatia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cuba" title="Music of Cuba">Cuba</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Cyprus" title="Music of Cyprus">Cyprus</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Czech_Republic" title="Music of the Czech Republic">Czech Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Music of the Democratic Republic of the Congo">Democratic Republic of the Congo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Denmark" title="Music of Denmark">Denmark</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Djibouti" title="Music of Djibouti">Djibouti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Dominica" title="Music of Dominica">Dominica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Dominican_Republic" title="Music of the Dominican Republic">Dominican Republic</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ecuador" title="Music of Ecuador">Ecuador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Egypt" title="Music of Egypt">Egypt</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_El_Salvador" title="Music of El Salvador">El Salvador</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Equatorial_Guinea" title="Music of Equatorial Guinea">Equatorial Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Eritrea" title="Music of Eritrea">Eritrea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Estonia" title="Music of Estonia">Estonia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Eswatini" title="Music of Eswatini">Eswatini</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ethiopia" title="Music of Ethiopia">Ethiopia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Federated_States_of_Micronesia" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Federated States of Micronesia">Federated States of Micronesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Fiji" title="Music of Fiji">Fiji</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Finland" title="Music of Finland">Finland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_France" title="Music of France">France</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Gabon" title="Music of Gabon">Gabon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Gambia" title="Music of the Gambia">Gambia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Georgia_(country)" title="Music of Georgia (country)">Georgia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Germany" title="Music of Germany">Germany</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ghana" title="Music of Ghana">Ghana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Greece" title="Music of Greece">Greece</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Grenada" title="Music of Grenada">Grenada</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guatemala" title="Music of Guatemala">Guatemala</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guinea" title="Music of Guinea">Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guinea-Bissau" title="Music of Guinea-Bissau">Guinea-Bissau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Guyana" title="Music of Guyana">Guyana</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Haiti" title="Music of Haiti">Haiti</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Honduras" title="Music of Honduras">Honduras</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Hungary" title="Music of Hungary">Hungary</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iceland" title="Music of Iceland">Iceland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_India" title="Music of India">India</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Indonesia" title="Music of Indonesia">Indonesia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iran" title="Music of Iran">Iran</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Iraq" title="Music of Iraq">Iraq</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Republic_of_Ireland" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of the Republic of Ireland">Ireland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Israel" title="Music of Israel">Israel</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Italy" title="Music of Italy">Italy</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ivory_Coast" title="Music of Ivory Coast">Ivory Coast</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Jamaica" title="Music of Jamaica">Jamaica</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Japan" title="Music of Japan">Japan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Jordan" title="Music of Jordan">Jordan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kazakhstan" title="Music of Kazakhstan">Kazakhstan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kenya" title="Music of Kenya">Kenya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kiribati" title="Music of Kiribati">Kiribati</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kosovo" title="Music of Kosovo">Kosovo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kuwait" title="Music of Kuwait">Kuwait</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Kyrgyzstan" title="Music of Kyrgyzstan">Kyrgyzstan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Laos" title="Music of Laos">Laos</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Latvia" title="Music of Latvia">Latvia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Lebanon" title="Music of Lebanon">Lebanon</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Lesotho" title="Music of Lesotho">Lesotho</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Liberia" title="Music of Liberia">Liberia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Libya" title="Music of Libya">Libya</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Liechtenstein" title="Music of Liechtenstein">Liechtenstein</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Lithuania" title="Music of Lithuania">Lithuania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Luxembourg" title="Music of Luxembourg">Luxembourg</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Madagascar" title="Music of Madagascar">Madagascar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Malawi" title="Music of Malawi">Malawi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Malaysia" title="Music of Malaysia">Malaysia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Maldives" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Maldives">Maldives</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mali" title="Music of Mali">Mali</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Malta" title="Music of Malta">Malta</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Marshall_Islands" title="Music of the Marshall Islands">Marshall Islands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mauritania" title="Music of Mauritania">Mauritania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mauritius" title="Music of Mauritius">Mauritius</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mexico" title="Music of Mexico">Mexico</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Moldova" title="Music of Moldova">Moldova</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Monaco" title="Music of Monaco">Monaco</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mongolia" title="Music of Mongolia">Mongolia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Montenegro" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of Montenegro">Montenegro</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Morocco" title="Music of Morocco">Morocco</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Mozambique" title="Music of Mozambique">Mozambique</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Myanmar" title="Music of Myanmar">Myanmar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Namibia" title="Music of Namibia">Namibia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nauru" title="Music of Nauru">Nauru</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nepal" title="Music of Nepal">Nepal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Netherlands" title="Music of the Netherlands">Netherlands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_New_Zealand" title="Music of New Zealand">New Zealand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nicaragua" title="Music of Nicaragua">Nicaragua</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Niger" title="Music of Niger">Niger</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Nigeria" title="Music of Nigeria">Nigeria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Korea" title="Music of North Korea">North Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_North_Macedonia" title="Music of North Macedonia">North Macedonia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Norway" title="Music of Norway">Norway</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Oman" title="Music of Oman">Oman</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Pakistan" title="Music of Pakistan">Pakistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Palau" title="Music of Palau">Palau</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Palestine" title="Music of Palestine">Palestine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Panama" title="Music of Panama">Panama</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Papua_New_Guinea" title="Music of Papua New Guinea">Papua New Guinea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Paraguay" title="Music of Paraguay">Paraguay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Peru" title="Music of Peru">Peru</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Philippines" title="Music of the Philippines">Philippines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Poland" title="Music of Poland">Poland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Portugal" title="Music of Portugal">Portugal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Qatar" title="Music of Qatar">Qatar</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_Republic_of_the_Congo" title="Music of the Republic of the Congo">Republic of the Congo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Romania" title="Music of Romania">Romania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Russia" title="Music of Russia">Russia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Rwanda" title="Music of Rwanda">Rwanda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saint_Kitts_and_Nevis" title="Music of Saint Kitts and Nevis">Saint Kitts and Nevis</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saint_Lucia" title="Music of Saint Lucia">Saint Lucia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saint_Vincent_and_the_Grenadines" title="Music of Saint Vincent and the Grenadines">Saint Vincent and the Grenadines</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Samoa" title="Music of Samoa">Samoa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_San_Marino" title="Music of San Marino">San Marino</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Saudi_Arabia" title="Music of Saudi Arabia">Saudi Arabia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Senegal" title="Music of Senegal">Senegal</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Serbia" title="Music of Serbia">Serbia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Seychelles" title="Music of Seychelles">Seychelles</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sierra_Leone" title="Music of Sierra Leone">Sierra Leone</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Singapore" title="Music of Singapore">Singapore</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Slovakia" title="Music of Slovakia">Slovakia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Slovenia" title="Music of Slovenia">Slovenia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Solomon_Islands" title="Music of Solomon Islands">Solomon Islands</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Somalia" title="Music of Somalia">Somalia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_South_Africa" title="Music of South Africa">South Africa</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_South_Korea" title="Music of South Korea">South Korea</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_South_Sudan" class="mw-redirect" title="Music of South Sudan">South Sudan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Spain" title="Music of Spain">Spain</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sri_Lanka" title="Music of Sri Lanka">Sri Lanka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sudan" title="Music of Sudan">Sudan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Suriname" title="Music of Suriname">Suriname</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Sweden" title="Music of Sweden">Sweden</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Switzerland" title="Music of Switzerland">Switzerland</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Syria" title="Music of Syria">Syria</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_S%C3%A3o_Tom%C3%A9_and_Pr%C3%ADncipe" title="Music of São Tomé and Príncipe">São Tomé and Príncipe</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Taiwan" title="Music of Taiwan">Taiwan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tajikistan" title="Music of Tajikistan">Tajikistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tanzania" title="Music of Tanzania">Tanzania</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Thailand" title="Music of Thailand">Thailand</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Timor-Leste" title="Music of Timor-Leste">Timor-Leste</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Togo" title="Music of Togo">Togo</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tonga" title="Music of Tonga">Tonga</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Trinidad_and_Tobago" title="Music of Trinidad and Tobago">Trinidad and Tobago</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tunisia" title="Music of Tunisia">Tunisia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Turkey" title="Music of Turkey">Turkey</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Turkmenistan" title="Music of Turkmenistan">Turkmenistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Tuvalu" title="Music of Tuvalu">Tuvalu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Uganda" title="Music of Uganda">Uganda</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Ukraine" title="Music of Ukraine">Ukraine</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_Arab_Emirates" title="Music of the United Arab Emirates">United Arab Emirates</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_Kingdom" title="Music of the United Kingdom">United Kingdom</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_the_United_States" title="Music of the United States">United States</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Uruguay" title="Music of Uruguay">Uruguay</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Uzbekistan" title="Music of Uzbekistan">Uzbekistan</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vanuatu" title="Music of Vanuatu">Vanuatu</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vatican_City" title="Music of Vatican City">Vatican City</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Venezuela" title="Music of Venezuela">Venezuela</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Vietnam" title="Music of Vietnam">Vietnam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Western_Sahara" title="Music of Western Sahara">Western Sahara</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Yemen" title="Music of Yemen">Yemen</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Zambia" title="Music of Zambia">Zambia</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Music_of_Zimbabwe" title="Music of Zimbabwe">Zimbabwe</a></li></div></td></tr></tbody></table><div></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lists</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-even" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Index_of_music_articles" title="Index of music articles">Index</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Outline_of_music" title="Outline of music">Outline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Timeline_of_musical_events" title="Timeline of musical events">Timeline</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_albums" title="Lists of albums">Albums</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_classical_and_art_music_traditions" title="List of classical and art music traditions">Classical and art music traditions</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_classical_music_genres" title="List of classical music genres">Classical music genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_cultural_and_regional_genres_of_music" title="List of cultural and regional genres of music">Cultural and regional genres</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_musical_instruments" title="List of musical instruments">Instruments</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_jazz_and_popular_music" title="Glossary of jazz and popular music">Jazz and popular music glossary</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/List_of_music_genres_and_styles" title="List of music genres and styles">Music genres and styles</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Lists_of_songs" title="Lists of songs">Songs</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Glossary_of_music_terminology" title="Glossary of music terminology">Terminology</a></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">related articles</th><td class="navbox-list-with-group navbox-list navbox-odd" style="width:100%;padding:0"><div style="padding:0 0.25em"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Aesthetics_of_music" title="Aesthetics of music">Aesthetics of music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Album_era" title="Album era">Album era</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fictional_music" title="Fictional music">Fictional music</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_emotion" title="Music and emotion">Music and emotion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Exercise_and_music" title="Exercise and music">Music and exercise</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_fashion" title="Music and fashion">Music and fashion</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_industry" title="Music industry">Music industry</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Music_and_politics" title="Music and politics">Music and politics</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Music_censorship" title="Music censorship">Censorship</a></li> 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