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class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Tapak"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Kandungan" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Kandungan</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">alih ke bar sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sorokkan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Permulaan</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Penamaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penamaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">1</span> <span>Penamaan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penamaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2</span> <span>Sejarah</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Sejarah</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Penghijrahan_dari_Makkah_ke_Madinah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Penghijrahan_dari_Makkah_ke_Madinah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.1</span> <span>Penghijrahan dari Makkah ke Madinah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Penghijrahan_dari_Makkah_ke_Madinah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Perang_Makkah-Madinah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Perang_Makkah-Madinah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.2</span> <span>Perang Makkah-Madinah</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Perang_Makkah-Madinah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Madinah_selepas_kewafatan_Muhammad" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Madinah_selepas_kewafatan_Muhammad"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">2.3</span> <span>Madinah selepas kewafatan Muhammad</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Madinah_selepas_kewafatan_Muhammad-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Geografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3</span> <span>Geografi</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Geografi</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Geografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Geologi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Geologi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.1</span> <span>Geologi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Geologi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Iklim" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Iklim"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">3.2</span> <span>Iklim</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Iklim-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Demografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Demografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">4</span> <span>Demografi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Demografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pengangkutan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pengangkutan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5</span> <span>Pengangkutan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pengangkutan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Pengangkutan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pengangkutan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Udara" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Udara"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.1</span> <span>Udara</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Udara-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rel" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rel"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.2</span> <span>Rel</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rel-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bas" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bas"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">5.3</span> <span>Bas</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bas-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Kebudayaan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Kebudayaan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6</span> <span>Kebudayaan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Kebudayaan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Kebudayaan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Kebudayaan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Tempat_tarikan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tempat_tarikan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1</span> <span>Tempat tarikan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tempat_tarikan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Masjid" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Masjid"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.1</span> <span>Masjid</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Masjid-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Muzium" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Muzium"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.2</span> <span>Muzium</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Muzium-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tempat_tarikan_lain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-3"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tempat_tarikan_lain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">6.1.3</span> <span>Tempat tarikan lain</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tempat_tarikan_lain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pendidikan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pendidikan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7</span> <span>Pendidikan</span> </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Pendidikan-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> <span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-expand"></span> <span>Togol subbahagian Pendidikan</span> </button> <ul id="toc-Pendidikan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Pendidikan_tinggi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pendidikan_tinggi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">7.1</span> <span>Pendidikan tinggi</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pendidikan_tinggi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Nota" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Nota"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">8</span> <span>Nota</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Nota-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">9</span> <span>Lihat juga</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Rujukan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Rujukan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">10</span> <span>Rujukan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Rujukan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pautan_pilihan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pautan_pilihan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">11</span> <span>Pautan pilihan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pautan_pilihan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bacaan_lanjutan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bacaan_lanjutan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> <span class="vector-toc-numb">12</span> <span>Bacaan lanjutan</span> </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bacaan_lanjutan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Kandungan" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Togol isi kandungan" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-listBullet mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-listBullet"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">Togol isi kandungan</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading"><span class="mw-page-title-main">Madinah al-Munawwarah</span></h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke rencana dalam bahasa lain. Tersedia dalam 139 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" ><span class="vector-icon mw-ui-icon-language-progressive mw-ui-icon-wikimedia-language-progressive"></span> <span class="vector-dropdown-label-text">139 bahasa</span> </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ace mw-list-item"><a href="https://ace.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinah" title="Madinah – Aceh" lang="ace" hreflang="ace" data-title="Madinah" data-language-autonym="Acèh" data-language-local-name="Aceh" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Acèh</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Afrikaans</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-als mw-list-item"><a href="https://als.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Jerman Switzerland" lang="gsw" hreflang="gsw" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Alemannisch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Switzerland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Alemannisch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%88%98%E1%8B%B2%E1%8A%93" title="መዲና – Amharic" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="መዲና" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharic" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>አማርኛ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="rencana pilihan"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9" title="المدينة المنورة – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="المدينة المنورة" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>العربية</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hyw mw-list-item"><a href="https://hyw.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1" title="Մատինա – Western Armenian" lang="hyw" hreflang="hyw" data-title="Մատինա" data-language-autonym="Արեւմտահայերէն" data-language-local-name="Western Armenian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Արեւմտահայերէն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-as mw-list-item"><a href="https://as.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="মদিনা – Assam" lang="as" hreflang="as" data-title="মদিনা" data-language-autonym="অসমীয়া" data-language-local-name="Assam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>অসমীয়া</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Asturianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-av mw-list-item"><a href="https://av.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мадина – Avaric" lang="av" hreflang="av" data-title="Мадина" data-language-autonym="Авар" data-language-local-name="Avaric" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Авар</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C9%99din%C9%99" title="Mədinə – Azerbaijan" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Mədinə" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Azərbaycanca</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-azb mw-list-item"><a href="https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87" title="مدینه – South Azerbaijani" lang="azb" hreflang="azb" data-title="مدینه" data-language-autonym="تۆرکجه" data-language-local-name="South Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>تۆرکجه</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-id mw-list-item"><a href="https://id.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinah" title="Madinah – Indonesia" lang="id" hreflang="id" data-title="Madinah" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Indonesia" data-language-local-name="Indonesia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bahasa Indonesia</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%AE%E0%A6%A6%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BE" title="মদিনা – Benggali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="মদিনা" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Benggali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>বাংলা</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mad%C4%ABna" title="Madīna – Cina Min Nan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Madīna" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Cina Min Nan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ba mw-list-item"><a href="https://ba.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D2%99%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%99" title="Мәҙинә – Bashkir" lang="ba" hreflang="ba" data-title="Мәҙинә" data-language-autonym="Башҡортса" data-language-local-name="Bashkir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Башҡортса</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медына – Belarus" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Медына" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarus" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D1%8D%D0%B4%D1%8B%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мэдына – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Мэдына" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bikol Central</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Bosanski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Brezhoneg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Български</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Catalonia" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Catalonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Català</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cebuano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Чӑвашла</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med%C3%ADna" title="Medína – Czech" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Medína" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Czech" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Čeština</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Wales" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Wales" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Cymraeg</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dag mw-list-item"><a href="https://dag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madina" title="Madina – Dagbani" lang="dag" hreflang="dag" data-title="Madina" data-language-autonym="Dagbanli" data-language-local-name="Dagbani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dagbanli</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Denmark" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Denmark" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Dansk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Deutsch</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-dv mw-list-item"><a href="https://dv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DE%89%DE%A6%DE%8B%DE%A9%DE%82%DE%A7" title="މަދީނާ – Divehi" lang="dv" hreflang="dv" data-title="މަދީނާ" data-language-autonym="ދިވެހިބަސް" data-language-local-name="Divehi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ދިވެހިބަސް</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediina" title="Mediina – Estonia" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Mediina" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Estonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Eesti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%9C%CE%B5%CE%B4%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B1" title="Μεδίνα – Greek" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Μεδίνα" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Greek" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ελληνικά</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en mw-list-item"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Inggeris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggeris" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es mw-list-item"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Sepanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Sepanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Español</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medino" title="Medino – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Medino" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Esperanto</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Euskara</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%D9%87" title="مدینه – Parsi" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="مدینه" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Parsi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>فارسی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A9dine" title="Médine – Perancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Médine" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Perancis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Français</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fy mw-list-item"><a href="https://fy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina_(Araabje)" title="Medina (Araabje) – Frisian Barat" lang="fy" hreflang="fy" data-title="Medina (Araabje)" data-language-autonym="Frysk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Barat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Frysk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Galicia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galicia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Galego</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-inh mw-list-item"><a href="https://inh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B4%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Маддане – Ingush" lang="inh" hreflang="inh" data-title="Маддане" data-language-autonym="ГӀалгӀай" data-language-local-name="Ingush" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ГӀалгӀай</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%AE%E0%AA%A6%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%A8%E0%AA%BE" title="મદીના – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="મદીના" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ગુજરાતી</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EB%A9%94%EB%94%94%EB%82%98" title="메디나 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="메디나" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>한국어</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ha mw-list-item"><a href="https://ha.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinah" title="Madinah – Hausa" lang="ha" hreflang="ha" data-title="Madinah" data-language-autonym="Hausa" data-language-local-name="Hausa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hausa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D5%84%D5%A1%D5%A4%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%A1_(%D5%85%D5%A1%D5%BD%D6%80%D5%AB%D5%A2)" title="Մադինա (Յասրիբ) – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Մադինա (Յասրիբ)" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Հայերեն</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="मदीना – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="मदीना" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>हिन्दी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Croatia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Croatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Hrvatski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ido</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ilo mw-list-item"><a href="https://ilo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Iloko" lang="ilo" hreflang="ilo" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Ilokano" data-language-local-name="Iloko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ilokano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ie mw-list-item"><a href="https://ie.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Interlingue" lang="ie" hreflang="ie" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Interlingue" data-language-local-name="Interlingue" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Interlingue</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%C3%A6" title="Мединæ – Ossete" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Мединæ" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossete" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ирон</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-is mw-list-item"><a href="https://is.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Iceland" lang="is" hreflang="is" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Íslenska" data-language-local-name="Iceland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Íslenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Itali" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Itali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Italiano</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%9C-%D7%9E%D7%93%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%94" title="אל-מדינה – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אל-מדינה" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>עברית</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinah" title="Madinah – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Madinah" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Jawa</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%AE%E0%B2%A6%E0%B3%80%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE" title="ಮದೀನಾ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಮದೀನಾ" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ಕನ್ನಡ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მედინა – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="მედინა" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ქართული</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ks mw-list-item"><a href="https://ks.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%96%D9%86" title="مدیٖن – Kashmir" lang="ks" hreflang="ks" data-title="مدیٖن" data-language-autonym="कॉशुर / کٲشُر" data-language-local-name="Kashmir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>कॉशुर / کٲشُر</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B5" title="Медине – Kazakhstan" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Медине" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakhstan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Қазақша</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Kirghiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirghiz" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Кыргызча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madina" title="Madina – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Madina" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kiswahili</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ku mw-list-item"><a href="https://ku.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med%C3%AEne" title="Medîne – Kurdish" lang="ku" hreflang="ku" data-title="Medîne" data-language-autonym="Kurdî" data-language-local-name="Kurdish" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Kurdî</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lbe mw-list-item"><a href="https://lbe.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мадина – Lak" lang="lbe" hreflang="lbe" data-title="Мадина" data-language-autonym="Лакку" data-language-local-name="Lak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лакку</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Med%C4%ABna" title="Medīna – Latvia" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Medīna" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Latviešu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lez mw-list-item"><a href="https://lez.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Lezghian" lang="lez" hreflang="lez" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Лезги" data-language-local-name="Lezghian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Лезги</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Lithuania" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lithuania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Lietuvių</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Hungary" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungary" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Magyar</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Macedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Macedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Македонски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mg mw-list-item"><a href="https://mg.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina_(Arabia_Saodita)" title="Medina (Arabia Saodita) – Malagasy" lang="mg" hreflang="mg" data-title="Medina (Arabia Saodita)" data-language-autonym="Malagasy" data-language-local-name="Malagasy" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malagasy</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="rencana pilihan"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%AE%E0%B4%A6%E0%B5%80%E0%B4%A8" title="മദീന – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="മദീന" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>മലയാളം</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mt mw-list-item"><a href="https://mt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Malta" lang="mt" hreflang="mt" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Malti" data-language-local-name="Malta" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Malti</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A5%80%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="मदीना – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="मदीना" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>मराठी</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xmf mw-list-item"><a href="https://xmf.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%9B%E1%83%94%E1%83%93%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%90" title="მედინა – Mingrelian" lang="xmf" hreflang="xmf" data-title="მედინა" data-language-autonym="მარგალური" data-language-local-name="Mingrelian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>მარგალური</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D9%87" title="المدينة المنوره – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="المدينة المنوره" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مصرى</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mzn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mzn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%87" title="مدينه – Mazanderani" lang="mzn" hreflang="mzn" data-title="مدينه" data-language-autonym="مازِرونی" data-language-local-name="Mazanderani" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>مازِرونی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-min mw-list-item"><a href="https://min.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinah" title="Madinah – Minangkabau" lang="min" hreflang="min" data-title="Madinah" data-language-autonym="Minangkabau" data-language-local-name="Minangkabau" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Minangkabau</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina_(Saoedi-Arabi%C3%AB)" title="Medina (Saoedi-Arabië) – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Medina (Saoedi-Arabië)" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nederlands</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ne mw-list-item"><a href="https://ne.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%AE%E0%A4%A6%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BE" title="मदिना – Nepal" lang="ne" hreflang="ne" data-title="मदिना" data-language-autonym="नेपाली" data-language-local-name="Nepal" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>नेपाली</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%83%9E%E3%83%87%E3%82%A3%E3%83%BC%E3%83%8A" title="マディーナ – Jepun" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="マディーナ" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepun" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>日本語</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nqo mw-list-item"><a href="https://nqo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DF%A1%DF%8A%DF%AC%DF%98%DF%8C%DF%AC%DF%A3%DF%8A%DF%AB" title="ߡߊ߬ߘߌ߬ߣߊ߫ – N’ko" lang="nqo" hreflang="nqo" data-title="ߡߊ߬ߘߌ߬ߣߊ߫" data-language-autonym="ߒߞߏ" data-language-local-name="N’ko" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ߒߞߏ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ce mw-list-item"><a href="https://ce.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%B9%D0%BD%D0%B0%D1%82" title="Мадийнат – Chechen" lang="ce" hreflang="ce" data-title="Мадийнат" data-language-autonym="Нохчийн" data-language-local-name="Chechen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Нохчийн</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Frisian Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisian Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Nordfriisk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pih mw-list-item"><a href="https://pih.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mediina" title="Mediina – Norfuk / Pitkern" lang="pih" hreflang="pih" data-title="Mediina" data-language-autonym="Norfuk / Pitkern" data-language-local-name="Norfuk / Pitkern" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norfuk / Pitkern</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Bokmal Norway" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmal Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk bokmål</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Nynorsk Norway" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norway" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Norsk nynorsk</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madina_(shahar)" title="Madina (shahar) – Uzbekistan" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Madina (shahar)" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbekistan" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pa mw-list-item"><a href="https://pa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A8%AE%E0%A8%A6%E0%A9%80%E0%A8%A8%E0%A8%BE" title="ਮਦੀਨਾ – Punjabi" lang="pa" hreflang="pa" data-title="ਮਦੀਨਾ" data-language-autonym="ਪੰਜਾਬੀ" data-language-local-name="Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ਪੰਜਾਬੀ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%81" title="مدینہ منورہ – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="مدینہ منورہ" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>پنجابی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pap mw-list-item"><a href="https://pap.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Papiamento" lang="pap" hreflang="pap" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Papiamentu" data-language-local-name="Papiamento" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Papiamentu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-km mw-list-item"><a href="https://km.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%9E%98%E1%9F%81%E1%9E%8C%E1%9E%B8%E1%9E%8E%E1%9E%B6" title="មេឌីណា – Khmer" lang="km" hreflang="km" data-title="មេឌីណា" data-language-autonym="ភាសាខ្មែរ" data-language-local-name="Khmer" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ភាសាខ្មែរ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medyna_(miasto)" title="Medyna (miasto) – Poland" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Medyna (miasto)" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Poland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Polski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Português</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kaa mw-list-item"><a href="https://kaa.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madina" title="Madina – Kara-Kalpak" lang="kaa" hreflang="kaa" data-title="Madina" data-language-autonym="Qaraqalpaqsha" data-language-local-name="Kara-Kalpak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Qaraqalpaqsha</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro mw-list-item"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina_(Arabia_Saudit%C4%83)" title="Medina (Arabia Saudită) – Romania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Medina (Arabia Saudită)" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Romania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Română</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madina" title="Madina – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Madina" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Runa Simi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русиньскый</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Русский</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sat mw-list-item"><a href="https://sat.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%B1%A2%E1%B1%9A%E1%B1%AB%E1%B1%A4%E1%B1%B1%E1%B1%9F" title="ᱢᱚᱫᱤᱱᱟ – Santali" lang="sat" hreflang="sat" data-title="ᱢᱚᱫᱤᱱᱟ" data-language-autonym="ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ" data-language-local-name="Santali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ᱥᱟᱱᱛᱟᱲᱤ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-skr mw-list-item"><a href="https://skr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81" title="مدینہ – Saraiki" lang="skr" hreflang="skr" data-title="مدینہ" data-language-autonym="سرائیکی" data-language-local-name="Saraiki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سرائیکی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sco mw-list-item"><a href="https://sco.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Scots" lang="sco" hreflang="sco" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Scots" data-language-local-name="Scots" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Scots</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Shqip</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Sicili" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sicili" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sicilianu</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Simple English</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sd mw-list-item"><a href="https://sd.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%88" title="مدينو – Sindhi" lang="sd" hreflang="sd" data-title="مدينو" data-language-autonym="سنڌي" data-language-local-name="Sindhi" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>سنڌي</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenčina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Slovenia" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Slovenia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Slovenščina</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-szl mw-list-item"><a href="https://szl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medyna" title="Medyna – Silesian" lang="szl" hreflang="szl" data-title="Medyna" data-language-autonym="Ślůnski" data-language-local-name="Silesian" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Ślůnski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madiina_Al-munawara" title="Madiina Al-munawara – Somali" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Madiina Al-munawara" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somali" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Soomaaliga</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%95" title="مەدینە – Kurdi Tengah" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="مەدینە" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Tengah" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>کوردی</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Српски / srpski</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – SerboCroatia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="SerboCroatia" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-su mw-list-item"><a href="https://su.wikipedia.org/wiki/Madinah" title="Madinah – Sunda" lang="su" hreflang="su" data-title="Madinah" data-language-autonym="Sunda" data-language-local-name="Sunda" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Sunda</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Finland" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Finland" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Suomi</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Sweden" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Sweden" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Svenska</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lmadina" title="Lmadina – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Lmadina" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Taclḥit</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tagalog</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%AE%E0%AE%A4%E0%AF%80%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BE" title="மதீனா – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="மதீனா" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>தமிழ்</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D3%99%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D3%99" title="Мәдинә – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Мәдинә" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Татарча / tatarça</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AE%E0%B0%A6%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BE" title="మదీనా – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="మదీనా" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>తెలుగు</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%B1%E0%B8%A5%E0%B8%A1%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%94%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B0%E0%B8%AE%E0%B9%8C" title="อัลมะดีนะฮ์ – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="อัลมะดีนะฮ์" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ไทย</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Tiếng Việt</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B0%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Мадина – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Мадина" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Тоҷикӣ</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medine" title="Medine – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Medine" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkçe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tk mw-list-item"><a href="https://tk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medine" title="Medine – Turkmen" lang="tk" hreflang="tk" data-title="Medine" data-language-autonym="Türkmençe" data-language-local-name="Turkmen" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Türkmençe</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9C%D0%B5%D0%B4%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B0" title="Медина – Ukraine" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Медина" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraine" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Українська</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="rencana pilihan"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AF%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%81_%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%DB%81" title="مدینہ منورہ – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="مدینہ منورہ" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>اردو</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%DB%95%D8%AF%D9%89%D9%86%DB%95" title="مەدىنە – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="مەدىنە" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medin" title="Medin – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Medin" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Vepsän kel’</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vo mw-list-item"><a href="https://vo.wikipedia.org/wiki/M%C3%A4din%C3%A4" title="Mädinä – Volapük" lang="vo" hreflang="vo" data-title="Mädinä" data-language-autonym="Volapük" data-language-local-name="Volapük" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Volapük</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A5%E5%9C%B0%E9%82%A3" title="麥地那 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="麥地那" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>文言</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Medina" title="Medina – Waray" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Medina" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Waray" class="interlanguage-link-target"><span>Winaray</span></a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BA%A6%E5%9C%B0%E9%82%A3" title="麦地那 – Cina Wu" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="麦地那" 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</div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"><span class="mw-redirectedfrom">(Dilencongkan daripada <a href="/w/index.php?title=Yathrib&redirect=no" class="mw-redirect" title="Yathrib">Yathrib</a>)</span></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="ms" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5657302">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva 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.ib-settlement-fn{font-weight:normal;display:inline}</style><table class="infobox ib-settlement vcard"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above"><div class="fn org">Madinah al-Munawwarah</div> <div class="nickname ib-settlement-native"><span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">ٱلْمَدِيْنَة ٱلْمُنَوَّرَة</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span><br /><i><span title="American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">Al-Madīnah al-Munawwarah</i></span></i><br /> <span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">مَدِيْنَة ٱلنَّبِي</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span><br /><i><span title="American Library Association – Library of Congress transliteration"><i lang="ar-Latn">Madīnat an-Nabī</i></span></i></div><div class="nickname ib-settlement-other-name"><span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">يَثْرِب</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span><br />Yathrib</div></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-subheader"><div class="category">Bandar</div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><table style="background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse;border:0px solid black;width:280px"><tbody><tr><td style="border-top:0;padding:2px 0 0 2px"><table style="background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr><td style="border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg/139px-Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg/209px-Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f4/Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg/278px-Inside_Masjid.e.Nabavi_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="4608" data-file-height="3456" /></a></span></td><td style="border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg/139px-HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="139" height="104" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg/209px-HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg/278px-HAC_2010_MEDINE_MESCIDI_NEBEVI_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="2304" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr><td style="border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg/280px-Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg" decoding="async" width="280" height="136" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg/420px-Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a1/Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg/560px-Jannat.ul.Baqi_-_Madina_-_panoramio.jpg 2x" data-file-width="952" data-file-height="461" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table><table style="background-color:transparent;border-collapse:collapse"><tbody><tr><td style="border-top:0;padding:0 2px 2px 0"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Mount_Uhud.JPG" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Mount_Uhud.JPG/280px-Mount_Uhud.JPG" decoding="async" width="280" height="210" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Mount_Uhud.JPG/420px-Mount_Uhud.JPG 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/7/74/Mount_Uhud.JPG/560px-Mount_Uhud.JPG 2x" data-file-width="2048" data-file-height="1536" /></a></span></td></tr></tbody></table></td></tr></tbody></table><div class="ib-settlement-caption">Atas: <a href="/wiki/Masjid_Nabawi" title="Masjid Nabawi">Masjid Nabawi</a> <br /> Tengah: Pemandangan Madinah <br /> Bawah: <a href="/wiki/Uhud" title="Uhud">Uhud</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Masjid_Quba" title="Masjid Quba">Masjid Quba</a></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Medina,_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png" class="mw-file-description" title="Lokasi Madinah al-Munawwarah"><img alt="Lokasi Madinah al-Munawwarah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Medina%2C_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png/250px-Medina%2C_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png" decoding="async" width="250" height="245" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Medina%2C_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png/375px-Medina%2C_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/31/Medina%2C_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png/500px-Medina%2C_Saudi_Arabia_locator_map.png 2x" data-file-width="1500" data-file-height="1470" /></a></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5009871">.mw-parser-output .locmap .od{position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .id{position:absolute;line-height:0}.mw-parser-output .locmap .l0{font-size:0;position:absolute}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv{line-height:110%;position:absolute;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr{line-height:110%;position:absolute;top:-0.75em;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pv>div{display:inline;padding:1px}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pl>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:right}.mw-parser-output .locmap .pr>div{display:inline;padding:1px;float:left}</style><div class="center"><div class="locmap" style="width:250px;float:none;clear:both;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto"><div style="width:250px;padding:0"><div style="position:relative;width:250px"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Madinah al-Munawwarah yang terletak di Arab Saudi"><img alt="Madinah al-Munawwarah yang terletak di Arab Saudi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg/250px-Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg" decoding="async" width="250" height="208" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg/375px-Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/05/Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg/500px-Saudi_Arabia_relief_location_map.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2003" data-file-height="1668" /></a></span><div class="od notheme" style="top:48.685%;left:24.771%"><div class="id" style="left:-3px;top:-3px"><span typeof="mw:File"><span title="Madinah al-Munawwarah"><img alt="Madinah al-Munawwarah" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/6px-Red_pog.svg.png" decoding="async" width="6" height="6" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/9px-Red_pog.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0c/Red_pog.svg/12px-Red_pog.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="64" data-file-height="64" /></span></span></div><div class="pl" style="font-size:91%;width:6em;right:4px"><div>Madinah al-Munawwarah</div></div></div></div><div style="padding-top:0.2em">Kedudukan Madinah</div></div></div></div></td></tr><tr class="mergedbottomrow"><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data">Koordinat: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&params=24_28_N_39_36_E_region:SA_type:city(1183205)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Peta, gambar udara, dan lain-lain data untuk lokasi ini"><span class="latitude">24°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">39°36′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Peta, gambar udara, dan lain-lain data untuk lokasi ini">24.467°N 39.600°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">24.467; 39.600</span></span></span></a></span><span style="font-size: small;"><span id="coordinates"><a href="/wiki/Sistem_koordinat_geografi" title="Sistem koordinat geografi">Koordinat</a>: <span class="plainlinks nourlexpansion"><a class="external text" href="//geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?pagename=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&params=24_28_N_39_36_E_region:SA_type:city(1183205)"><span class="geo-default"><span class="geo-dms" title="Peta, gambar udara, dan lain-lain data untuk lokasi ini"><span class="latitude">24°28′N</span> <span class="longitude">39°36′E</span></span></span><span class="geo-multi-punct"> / </span><span class="geo-nondefault"><span class="geo-dec" title="Peta, gambar udara, dan lain-lain data untuk lokasi ini">24.467°N 39.600°E</span><span style="display:none"> / <span class="geo">24.467; 39.600</span></span></span></a></span></span></span></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Negara</th><td class="infobox-data"><span class="flagicon"><span class="mw-image-border" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/23px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png" decoding="async" width="23" height="15" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/35px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/0/0d/Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg/45px-Flag_of_Saudi_Arabia.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="900" data-file-height="600" /></span></span> </span><a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Kawasan</th><td class="infobox-data">Al Madinah</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Pentadbiran<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Datuk_Bandar" class="mw-redirect" title="Datuk Bandar">Datuk Bandar</a></th><td class="infobox-data">Khalid Taher</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Gabenor Kawasan</th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Faisal_bin_Salman_bin_Abdulaziz_Al_Saud&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Faisal bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud (laman tidak wujud)">Faisal bin Salman bin Abdulaziz Al Saud</a></td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Keluasan<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Bandar</th><td class="infobox-data">589 km<sup>2</sup> (227 batu persegi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Bandar<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">293 km<sup>2</sup> (113 batu persegi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Aras<div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">620 m (2,030 ft)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header">Penduduk<div class="ib-settlement-fn"><span class="nowrap"> </span>(2010)</div></th></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Bandar</th><td class="infobox-data">1,183,205</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • Kepadatan</th><td class="infobox-data">2,000/km<sup>2</sup> (5,200/batu persegi)</td></tr><tr class="mergedrow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"> • <a href="/wiki/Kawasan_bandar" title="Kawasan bandar">Bandar</a><div class="ib-settlement-fn"></div></th><td class="infobox-data">785,204</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label"><a href="/wiki/Zon_waktu" title="Zon waktu">Zon waktu</a></th><td class="infobox-data"><a href="/wiki/UTC%2B3" title="UTC+3">UTC+3</a> (Waktu Piawai Arab)</td></tr><tr class="mergedtoprow"><th scope="row" class="infobox-label">Laman sesawang</th><td class="infobox-data"><a rel="nofollow" class="external free" href="https://www.saudi.gov.sa">https://www.saudi.gov.sa</a></td></tr></tbody></table> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6349617">.mw-parser-output .sidebar{width:22em;float:right;clear:right;margin:0.5em 0 1em 1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa);border:1px solid 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.sidebar{width:100%!important;clear:both;float:none!important;margin-left:0!important;margin-right:0!important}}</style><table class="sidebar sidebar-collapse nomobile nowraplinks" style="border-collapse:collapse;"><tbody><tr><td class="sidebar-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;">Sebahagian daripada <a href="/wiki/Kategori:Islam" title="Kategori:Islam">siri</a> berkaitan</td></tr><tr><th class="sidebar-title-with-pretitle" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;"><a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a></th></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-image"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Allah-green.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/110px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="110" height="115" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/165px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/220px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></a></span></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Islam_dan_iman" title="Templat:Islam dan iman">Pegangan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rukun_Iman" title="Rukun Iman"><b>Rukun Iman</b></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Tauhid" title="Tauhid">Tauhid</a> (<a href="/wiki/Monoteisme" title="Monoteisme">Keesaan</a> <a href="/wiki/Tuhan_dalam_Islam" title="Tuhan dalam Islam">Tuhan</a>)</li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Malaikat" class="mw-redirect" title="Malaikat">Malaikat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kitab_suci_Islam" title="Kitab suci Islam">Kitab</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Nabi" title="Nabi">Nabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Akhirat" title="Hari Akhirat">Hari Akhirat</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Qada_dan_Qadar" title="Qada dan Qadar">Qada dan Qadar</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rukun_Islam" title="Rukun Islam"><b>Rukun Islam</b></a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Syahadah" title="Syahadah">Pengakuan keimanan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Solat" title="Solat">Mendirikan sembahyang</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zakat" title="Zakat">Menunaikan zakat</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Puasa_(Islam)" title="Puasa (Islam)">Berpuasa di bulan ramadan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Haji" title="Haji">Melaksanakan haji jika mampu</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabang_dan_mazhab_Islam" title="Cabang dan mazhab Islam">Mazhab akidah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ahli_Sunah_Waljamaah" title="Ahli Sunah Waljamaah">Ahli Sunah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Asya%27irah" title="Asya'irah">Asya'irah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Maturidi" title="Maturidi">Maturidiyah</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syiah" title="Syiah">Syiah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imamiyyah" title="Imamiyyah">Imamiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismailiyah" title="Ismailiyah">Ismailiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaidiyah" title="Zaidiyah">Zaidiyah</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Muktazilah" title="Muktazilah">Muktazilah</a></b></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Fiqh" title="Templat:Fiqh">Perundangan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Fiqah" title="Fiqah">Topik utama</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ibadah" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibadah">Ibadah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perkahwinan_menurut_Islam" title="Perkahwinan menurut Islam">Munakahah</a></li></ul> <ul><li>Muamalah <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_ekonomi_Islam" title="Sistem ekonomi Islam">Ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politik_Islam" title="Politik Islam">Politik</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Fiqh_jenayah" class="mw-redirect" title="Fiqh jenayah">Jenayah</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Cabang_dan_mazhab_Islam" title="Cabang dan mazhab Islam">Mazhab fiqah</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahli_Sunah_Waljamaah" title="Ahli Sunah Waljamaah"><b>Sunni</b></a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Hanafi" title="Mazhab Hanafi">Hanafi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Syafii" title="Mazhab Syafii">Syafii</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Maliki" title="Mazhab Maliki">Maliki</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Mazhab_Hanbali" title="Mazhab Hanbali">Hanbali</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Syiah" title="Syiah">Syiah</a></b> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Imamiyyah" title="Imamiyyah">Imamiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ismailiyah" title="Ismailiyah">Ismailiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Zaidiyah" title="Zaidiyah">Zaidiyah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Al-Kaisaniyyah" title="Al-Kaisaniyyah">Kaisaniyah</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Ibadi" title="Ibadi">Ibadi</a></b></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Templat:Hukum_Islam" title="Templat:Hukum Islam"><b>Hukum dalam Islam</b></a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;">Sumber</div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><b><a href="/wiki/Templat:Quran" title="Templat:Quran">Al-Quran</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Templat:Hadis" title="Templat:Hadis">Hadis</a></b></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Al-Quran" title="Al-Quran">Al-Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunnah" title="Sunnah">Sunnah Nabi</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Hadis" title="Hadis">Hadis</a></i></li> <li><i><a href="/wiki/Sirah_Rasulullah" title="Sirah Rasulullah">Sirah</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Sejarah_Islam" title="Sejarah Islam">Sejarah</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Garis_masa_sejarah_Islam" title="Garis masa sejarah Islam">Garis masa</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Nabi_Muhammad_SAW" class="mw-redirect" title="Nabi Muhammad SAW">Nabi Muhammad</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Ahlul_Bait" title="Ahlul Bait">Keluarga Nabi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sahabah" class="mw-redirect" title="Sahabah">Sahabat Nabi</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khalifah" title="Khalifah">Khalifah</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a></i></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Khilafah" title="Khilafah">Khilafah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Imamah_(doktrin_Syiah)" title="Imamah (doktrin Syiah)">Imamah</a></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Dakwah" title="Dakwah">Dakwah</a> <ul><li><i><a href="/wiki/Penyebaran_Islam" title="Penyebaran Islam">Penyebaran Islam</a></i></li></ul></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kebudayaan_Islam" title="Kebudayaan Islam">Budaya</a> and <a href="/wiki/Dunia_Islam" title="Dunia Islam">masyarakat</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Pengajian_Islam" title="Pengajian Islam">Akademik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_mengikut_negara" title="Islam mengikut negara">Demografi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_ekonomi_Islam" title="Sistem ekonomi Islam">Ekonomi</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Falsafah_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Falsafah Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Falsafah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_haiwan" title="Islam dan haiwan">Haiwan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Takwim_Hijrah" title="Takwim Hijrah">Kalender</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_kanak-kanak" title="Islam dan kanak-kanak">Kanak-kanak</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sunat" title="Sunat">Khatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasan_tersuci_dalam_Islam" title="Kawasan tersuci dalam Islam">Kota Suci</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a></li> <li><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Madinah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Baitulmaqdis" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitulmaqdis">Baitulmaqdis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Palestin" class="mw-redirect" title="Palestin">Palestin</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesufian" title="Kesufian">Kesufian</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kebajikan_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kebajikan Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Kebajikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kesusasteraan_Islam" title="Kesusasteraan Islam">Kesusateraan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/LGBT_dalam_Islam" title="LGBT dalam Islam">LGBT</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Madrasah" title="Madrasah">Madrasah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid" title="Masjid">Masjid</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Haram" title="Masjid al-Haram">Masjid al-Haram</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Nabawi" title="Masjid Nabawi">Masjid Nabawi</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Aqsa" title="Masjid al-Aqsa">Masjid al-Aqsa</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muzik_Islam" title="Muzik Islam">Muzik</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Institusi_pendidikan_dalam_Islam" title="Institusi pendidikan dalam Islam">Pendidikan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perayaan_Islam" title="Perayaan Islam">Perayaan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Raya_Aidilfitri" title="Hari Raya Aidilfitri">Aidilfitri</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Hari_Raya_Aidiladha" title="Hari Raya Aidiladha">Aidiladha</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Perbankan_Islam" title="Perbankan Islam">Perbankan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Politik_Islam" title="Politik Islam">Politik</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pandangan_Islam_mengenai_perhambaan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pandangan Islam mengenai perhambaan (laman tidak wujud)">Perhambaan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Ruqyah" title="Ruqyah">Rawatan</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Seni_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Seni Islam">Seni</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_sains" title="Islam dan sains">Sains</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Senarai_orang_Islam" title="Senarai orang Islam">Tokoh</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Wanita_dalam_Islam" title="Wanita dalam Islam">Wanita</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-content" style="padding-top:0;"> <div class="sidebar-list mw-collapsible mw-collapsed"><div class="sidebar-list-title" style="background-color:#dcf5dc;;background:#dcf5dc;padding:0.2em;"><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Islam" title="Kategori:Islam">Topik berkaitan</a></div><div class="sidebar-list-content mw-collapsible-content hlist" style="padding-left:0.2em; padding-right:0.2em;"> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Murtad_dalam_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Murtad dalam Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Keluar daripada Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kritikan_terhadap_Islam&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kritikan terhadap Islam (laman tidak wujud)">Kritikan terhadap Islam</a></li></ul> <ul><li><ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kritikan_terhadap_Muhammad" title="Kritikan terhadap Muhammad">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kritikan_terhadap_al-Quran" title="Kritikan terhadap al-Quran">Quran</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kritikan_Hadis" title="Kritikan Hadis">Hadis</a></li></ul></li></ul> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_agama_lain" title="Islam dan agama lain">Islam dan agama lain</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Tamadun_Islam" title="Tamadun Islam">Ketamadunan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Zaman_Kegemilangan_Islam" title="Zaman Kegemilangan Islam">Zaman kegemilangan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_keganasan" title="Islam dan keganasan">Keganasan</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Islam_Militan" class="mw-redirect" title="Islam Militan">Pelampau</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Perang_Islam" class="mw-redirect" title="Kategori:Perang Islam">Perang</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Penindasan_umat_Islam" title="Penindasan umat Islam">Penindasan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamofobia" title="Islamofobia">Islamofobia</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islamisme" title="Islamisme">Islamisme</a> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Fundamentalisme_Islam" title="Fundamentalisme Islam">Fundamentalisme</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Gerakan_Islam" title="Gerakan Islam">Gerakan</a></li></ul></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Jihad" title="Jihad">Jihad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Islam_dan_sekularisme" title="Islam dan sekularisme">Sekularisme</a></li></ul> <hr /> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Senarai_istilah_Islam_dalam_bahasa_Arab" title="Senarai istilah Islam dalam bahasa Arab">Glosari</a></li></ul></div></div></td> </tr><tr><td class="sidebar-below plainlist" style="padding-top:0.1em;font-weight:bold;line-height:1.5em;"> <ul><li><span class="metadata"><span typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="Ikon portal" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/15px-Allah-green.svg.png" decoding="async" width="15" height="16" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/23px-Allah-green.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Allah-green.svg/31px-Allah-green.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="206" data-file-height="215" /></span></span></span> <a href="/wiki/Portal:Islam" title="Portal:Islam">Portal Islam</a></li></ul></td></tr><tr><td class="sidebar-navbar" style="padding-right:0.2em;"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5375175">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar a>span,.mw-parser-output .navbar a>abbr{text-decoration:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Islam" title="Templat:Islam"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bincang"><a href="/wiki/Perbincangan_templat:Islam" title="Perbincangan templat:Islam"><abbr title="Bincang templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Islam&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div></td></tr></tbody></table> <p><b>Madinah</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: المدينة, <small>[almaˈdiːna]</small>) atau nama penuhnya <b>Madinah al-Munawwarah</b> (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: <b>المدينة المنورة</b>) ialah salah sebuah kota yang terdapat di wilayah <a href="/wiki/Hijaz" title="Hijaz">Hijaz</a>, <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a>. Madinah sekarang mempunyai populasi seramai 1.4 juta orang (2023). Madinah pada asalnya bernama <b>Yathrib</b> tetapi selepas peristiwa <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">hijrah</a>, namanya diubah kepada <b>Madinat Al-Nabi</b> (Kota Nabi) ataupun <b>Al Madinah Al Munawwarah</b> (Kota yang bercahaya) sementara perkataan <i>Madinah</i> bermaksud "<a href="/wiki/Bandar" title="Bandar">bandar/kota</a>". </p><p>Madinah ialah kota paling suci yang kedua bagi umat <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> selepas <a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a> dan sebelum <a href="/wiki/Baitulmaqdis" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitulmaqdis">Baitulmaqdis</a>. Hal ini adalah kerana di Madinah terletaknya <a href="/wiki/Masjid_an-Nabawi" class="mw-redirect" title="Masjid an-Nabawi">Masjid an-Nabawi</a> yang mana terdapat makam Nabi <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> S.A.W. Kawasan itu dibina di atas tapak rumah Nabi Muhammad S.A.W. Rumah baginda kemudiannnya menjadi sebahagian daripada bangunan masjid apabila masjid itu diperbesarkan oleh Khalifah <a href="/wiki/Al_Walid_ibni_Abdul_Malik" class="mw-redirect" title="Al Walid ibni Abdul Malik">Al Walid ibni Abdul Malik</a> daripada <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Ummaiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Ummaiyyah">Kerajaan Ummaiyyah</a>. Masjid pertama yang dibina umat Islam juga terletak di Madinah iaitu <a href="/wiki/Masjid_Quba" title="Masjid Quba">Masjid Quba</a>. </p><p>Seperti Makkah, golongan bukan Islam dilarang memasuki kawasan pusat Madinah (Tanah Haram) berdasarkan peraturan kerajaan Arab Saudi.<sup id="cite_ref-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-1"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>1<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Penamaan">Penamaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bahagian: Penamaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Penamaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Nama rasmi Madinah ialah Madinah al-Munawwarah (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: المدينة المنورة). Nama Madinah secara dasarnya bermaksud "bandar" dalam bahasa Arab. </p><p>Sebelum kedatangan Islam, Madinah dikenali sebagai Yathrib (<small>disebut </small><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Arabic" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:IPA for Arabic">[ˈjaθrib]</a></span><small></small>; <span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">يَثْرِب</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>). Nama Yathrib dikaitkan dengan salah seorang penduduk asal bandar ini, Yathrib bin Qaniyah yang berketurunan Yahudi.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nama ini tertera dalam ayat ke-13 bagi <a href="/wiki/Surah_Al-Ahzab" title="Surah Al-Ahzab">Surah Al-Ahzab</a>:<sup id="cite_ref-3" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-3"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>3<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <blockquote><p>Dan juga masa itu ialah masa segolongan di antara mereka berkata: "Wahai penduduk <i>Yathrib</i>, tempat ini bukan tempat bagi kamu (untuk berjuang di sini), oleh itu baliklah". Dan sebahagian dari mereka pula meminta izin kepada Nabi (hendak balik) sambil berkata: "Sesungguhnya rumah-rumah kami memerlukan perlindungan", pada hal ia tidak memerlukan perlindungan. Mereka hanya bertujuan hendak melarikan diri (dari berjuang menegakkan Islam).</p></blockquote><p>Perkataan <i>Yathrib</i> ditafsirkan sebagai Madinah oleh <a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Kathir" title="Ibnu Kathir">Ibn Kathir</a> berdasarkan sebuah rekod sahih, dan <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_ibn_Jarir_al-Tabari" title="Muhammad ibn Jarir al-Tabari">Al-Tabari</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:2_2-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:2-2"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>2<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Nama Yathrib ditukar kepada Madinah oleh Nabi Muhammad s.a.w. selepas penghijrahan baginda.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Selain itu, bandar ini juga dipanggil sebagai Taibah (<small></small><span title="Pronunciation in IPA" class="IPA"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wikipedia:IPA_for_Arabic" class="extiw" title="en:Wikipedia:IPA for Arabic">[ˈtˤajba]</a></span><small></small>; <span title="Arab-language text"><span lang="ar" dir="rtl">طَيْبَة</span></span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>, "baik") serta Tabah (<a href="/wiki/Bahasa_Arab" title="Bahasa Arab">Arab</a>: <span lang="ar" dir="rtl">طَابَة</span><span class="lang-comment" style="font-style: normal; display: none; color: #33aa33; margin-left: 0.3em;">code: ar is deprecated </span>). Ahli geografi <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Bani_Abbasiyah" title="Kerajaan Bani Abbasiyah">Abbasiyah</a>, <a href="/wiki/Yaqut_al-Hamawi" title="Yaqut al-Hamawi">Yaqut al-Hamawi</a> menyenaraikan sekurang-kurangnya 29 nama bagi kota Madinah di dalam bukunya, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mu%27jam_al-Buldan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mu'jam al-Buldan (laman tidak wujud)">Mu'jam al-Buldan</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-:0_4-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:0-4"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>4<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bahagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Sejarah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Ramai ahli sejarah percaya bahawa sebelum <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">hijrah</a> <a href="/wiki/Muhammad" title="Muhammad">Muhammad</a> ke Yathrib, kota ini merupakan sebuah penempatan yang tidak maju seperti <a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a> sama ada dalam segi pembinaan, masyarakat dan sebagainya. Yathrib diasaskan oleh Yathrib bin Mahlaeil. Kawasan ini subur dengan tanaman seperti buah-buahan, sayur-sayuran, dan kaya dengan air. Hal ini menyebabkan Yathrib dikunjungi dan akhirnya diduduki oleh manusia dari kawasan setempat. Pada tahun <a href="/wiki/455_SM" title="455 SM">455 SM</a>, suku-suku <a href="/wiki/Arab" class="mw-redirect" title="Arab">Arab</a> dari utara mengunjungi dan akhirnya menetap di Yathrib. </p><p>Jika menurut sumber-sumber serta bahan-bahan rujukan sejarah, Yathrib sebelum <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">hijrah</a> hanyalah sebuah kumpulan komuniti masyarakat yang kecil khususnya selepas kedatangan masyarakat <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Penghijrahan_dari_Makkah_ke_Madinah">Penghijrahan dari Makkah ke Madinah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bahagian: Penghijrahan dari Makkah ke Madinah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Penghijrahan dari Makkah ke Madinah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5614044">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Rencana utama: <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">Hijrah</a></div> <p>Pada hari <a href="/wiki/Isnin" title="Isnin">Isnin</a>, <a href="/wiki/20_September" title="20 September">20 September</a> <a href="/wiki/622" title="622">622</a> masihi berlakunya penghijrahan <a href="/wiki/Muhammad_(nabi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad (nabi)">Muhammad</a> dari <a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a> ke Madinah. Ramai orientalis Barat mengganggap tindakan ini ialah melarikan diri. Akan tetapi <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">penghijrahan</a> ini berlaku bukan kerana umat <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> takut akan ancaman puak <a href="/wiki/Quraisy" title="Quraisy">Quraisy</a> Makkah tetapi adalah kerana jemputan penduduk Madinah sendiri. </p><p>Menurut sumber-sumber Islam yang autentik seperti <a href="/wiki/Hadith" class="mw-redirect" title="Hadith">hadis</a>, Madinah mempunyai dua buah puak yang berbeza (<a href="/wiki/Bani_Aws" title="Bani Aws">Aus</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bani_Khazraj" title="Bani Khazraj">Khazraj</a>) di samping tiga buah suku <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> (<a href="/w/index.php?title=Bani_Qainuka%27a&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Bani Qainuka'a (laman tidak wujud)">Bani Qainuka'a</a>, <a href="/wiki/Bani_Nadhir" class="mw-redirect" title="Bani Nadhir">Bani Nadhir</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bani_Quraizah" title="Bani Quraizah">Bani Quraizah</a>). Suku Aus dan Khazraj menguasai kota Yathrib tetapi sering berbalah antara satu sama lain dan asyik berperang sesama mereka. Mengikut ahli sejarah Islam, kedua-dua puak ini mengetahui akan kewujudan seorang <a href="/wiki/Rasul" class="mw-redirect" title="Rasul">rasul</a> di <a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a> dan pengikutnya sering diseksa oleh kaum <a href="/wiki/Quraisy" title="Quraisy">Quraisy</a> Makkah. Mereka membuat keputusan untuk berjumpa dengan rasul ini untuk mengatasi konflik di antara mereka. </p><p>Muhammad dan pengikutnya bersetuju untuk berhijrah ke Yathrib yang kemudiannya dikenali sebagai Madinah al-Munawwarah. Selepas tiba di Madinah Muhammad merangka sebuah <a href="/wiki/Perlembagaan" title="Perlembagaan">perlembagaan</a> bagi menyatupadukan penduduk Madinah. Perlembagaan itu dipersetujui oleh semua penduduk Madinah dan dikenali sebagai <a href="/wiki/Piagam_Madinah" title="Piagam Madinah">Piagam Madinah</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Perang_Makkah-Madinah">Perang Makkah-Madinah</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bahagian: Perang Makkah-Madinah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Perang Makkah-Madinah"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Selepas masyarakat Islam bertapak kuat di Madinah, kaum <a href="/wiki/Quraish" class="mw-redirect" title="Quraish">Quraish</a> Makkah mula berasa terancam dengan kuasa baru ini. Pada tahun <a href="/wiki/627" title="627">627</a> masihi, tentera Makkah di bawah pimpinan <a href="/wiki/Abu_Sufyan" class="mw-redirect" title="Abu Sufyan">Abu Sufyan</a> menyerang Madinah. Abu Sufyan dikatakan meminta pertolongan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Banu_Qurayza&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Banu Qurayza (laman tidak wujud)">Banu Qurayza</a> salah sebuah suku <a href="/wiki/Yahudi" class="mw-redirect" title="Yahudi">Yahudi</a> untuk menolong mereka menewaskan orang <a href="/wiki/Muslim" title="Muslim">Muslim</a>. Menurut <a href="/wiki/Sahih_Bukhari" title="Sahih Bukhari">Sahih Bukhari</a>, pertolongan Banu Qurayza terhadap Abu Sufyan telah melanggar perjanjian yang terdapat di dalam <a href="/wiki/Piagam_Madinah" title="Piagam Madinah">Piagam Madinah</a>. Oleh kerana itu semua orang lelaki kaum itu dihukum bunuh setelah pengadilan dijalankan oleh <a href="/w/index.php?title=Saad_ibni_Muadh&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Saad ibni Muadh (laman tidak wujud)">Saad ibni Muadh</a>. </p><p>Pada tahun kesepuluh <a href="/wiki/Hijrah" title="Hijrah">Hijrah</a>, Madinah menjadi sebuah tempat di mana umat Islam diserang atau menyerang musuh. Sehinggalah baginda berjaya membuka kota Makkah tanpa menumpahkan walaupun setitik darah. Walaupun selepas tertubuhnya <a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a>, Madinah terus menjadi ibu kota kerajaan Islam. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Madinah_selepas_kewafatan_Muhammad">Madinah selepas kewafatan Muhammad</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bahagian: Madinah selepas kewafatan Muhammad" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Madinah selepas kewafatan Muhammad"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Di bawah pemerintahan <a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a>, empayar Islam berkembang dengan pantas sehinggakan tentera Islam berjaya menakluk kota-kota yang penting seperti <a href="/wiki/Damsyik" title="Damsyik">Damsyik</a>, <a href="/wiki/Baitulmaqdis" class="mw-redirect" title="Baitulmaqdis">Baitulmaqdis</a>, <a href="/wiki/Iskandariah" title="Iskandariah">Iskandariah</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Baghdad" title="Baghdad">Baghdad</a>. Selepas kematian khalifah keempat <a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a> iaitu <a href="/wiki/Saidina_Ali_bin_Abi_Talib" class="mw-redirect" title="Saidina Ali bin Abi Talib">Saidina Ali bin Abi Talib</a>, <a href="/wiki/Muawiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Muawiyyah">Muawiyyah</a> yang pada ketika itu merupakan gabenor <a href="/wiki/Damsyik" title="Damsyik">Damsyik</a> mengubah pusat pemerintahan kerajaan <a href="/wiki/Islam" title="Islam">Islam</a> ke <a href="/wiki/Damsyik" title="Damsyik">Damsyik</a>. Beliau kemudiannya menubuhkan dan mengasaskan <a href="/wiki/Kerajaan_Ummaiyyah" class="mw-redirect" title="Kerajaan Ummaiyyah">Kerajaan Ummaiyyah</a>. Kota Madinah kemudiannya hanya menjadi pusat keagamaan sahaja daripada menjadi pusat politik. </p><p>Bandar ini menjadi taklukan pemerintah-pemerintah lain seperti <a href="/wiki/Mamluk" title="Mamluk">Mamluk</a> pada abad ke-13 dan kemudiannya <a href="/wiki/Empayar_Uthmaniyah" title="Empayar Uthmaniyah">Empayar Uthmaniyah</a> pada 1517.<sup id="cite_ref-5" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-5"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>5<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Pada tahun <a href="/wiki/1924" title="1924">1924</a>, Madinah yang sudah lama berada di bawah kekuasaan Uthmaniyah jatuh ke tangan <a href="/wiki/Ibnu_Saud" class="mw-redirect" title="Ibnu Saud">Ibnu Saud</a> yang kemudiannya menjadi <a href="/wiki/Raja_Arab_Saudi" title="Raja Arab Saudi">Raja</a> <a href="/wiki/Arab_Saudi" title="Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Geografi">Geografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bahagian: Geografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Geografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kota Madinah terletak di kawasan barat laut Arab Saudi, yakni di kawasan <a href="/wiki/Hijaz" title="Hijaz">Hijaz</a>, kira-kira 250 km di timur <a href="/wiki/Laut_Merah" title="Laut Merah">Laut Merah</a> 620 meter di atas paras laut. Keluasan Madinah ialah kira-kira 50 kilometer persegi. </p><p>Madinah terletak di kawasan persimpangan tiga buah lembah iaitu Lembah Aql, Lembah Aqi' dan Lembah Himd.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Uhud" title="Uhud">Uhud</a> ialah gunung utama Madinah yang terletak di utara pusat bandar yang lazimnya terdiri daripada batuan <a href="/wiki/Granit" title="Granit">granit</a> merah.<sup id="cite_ref-7" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-7"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>7<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Gunung ini mempunyai kepentingan dalam Islam; gunung ini serta Jabal Ramah ("Bukit Pemanah") yang berdekatan ialah tempat berlakunya peritstiwa <a href="/wiki/Perang_Uhud" title="Perang Uhud">Perang Uhud</a>, dan gunung ini dijadikan subjek dalam beberapa <a href="/wiki/Hadis" title="Hadis">hadis</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-8" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-8"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>8<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p>Selain itu, gunung-gunung lain di Madinah termasuklah Gunung Haji di barat bandar, Gunung Sala' di barat laut dan Gunung 'Ir di kawasan selatan.<sup id="cite_ref-:1_6-1" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-:1-6"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>6<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Geologi">Geologi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bahagian: Geologi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Geologi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kebanyakan kawasan Madinah terletak di suatu kaviti berbentuk segi empat yang terbentang ke arah selatan dan dilitupi oleh batuan <a href="/wiki/Basalt" title="Basalt">basalt</a> di kawasan barat, timur dan selatan Madinah. Selain itu, terdapat formasi geologi yang ditarikhkan hingga zaman pra-<a href="/wiki/Kambria" title="Kambria">Kambria</a>.<sup id="cite_ref-جيولوجيا_المدينة_9-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-جيولوجيا_المدينة-9"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>9<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Tanah di Madinah lazimnya terdiri daripada <a href="/wiki/Pasir" title="Pasir">pasir</a>, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Lanau&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Lanau (laman tidak wujud)">lanau</a>, <a href="/wiki/Aluvium" title="Aluvium">aluvium</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tanah_liat" title="Tanah liat">tanah liat</a>. Secara umumnya, tanah di selatan Madinah lebih subur berbandingkan kawasan utara.<sup id="cite_ref-جيولوجيا_المدينة_-التربة_10-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-جيولوجيا_المدينة_-التربة-10"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>10<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Iklim">Iklim</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bahagian: Iklim" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Iklim"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Madinah memiliki <a href="/w/index.php?title=Iklim_gurun_panas&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Iklim gurun panas (laman tidak wujud)">iklim gurun panas</a>. Madinah memiliki suhu persekitaran yang amat panas ketika <a href="/wiki/Musim_panas" title="Musim panas">musim panas</a> dengan suhu purata 43 °C (109 °F) ketika siang dan 29 °C (84 °F) ketika malam. <a href="/wiki/Musim_sejuk" title="Musim sejuk">Musim sejuk</a> di Madinah adalah lebih sederhana dengan julat suhu antara 12 °C (54 °F) ketika malam ke 25 °C (77 °F) ketika siang. Madinah hampir tidak memiliki hujan langsung; hujan di Madinah lazim berlaku antara bulan November dengan Mei. </p> <div> <table class="wikitable mw-collapsible" style="width:auto; text-align:center; line-height:1.2em;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="14">Data iklim untuk Madinah (1985–2010) </th></tr> <tr> <th scope="row">Bulan </th> <th scope="col">Jan </th> <th scope="col">Feb </th> <th scope="col">Mac </th> <th scope="col">Apr </th> <th scope="col">Mei </th> <th scope="col">Jun </th> <th scope="col">Jul </th> <th scope="col">Ogo </th> <th scope="col">Sep </th> <th scope="col">Okt </th> <th scope="col">Nov </th> <th scope="col">Dis </th> <th scope="col" style="border-left-width:medium">Tahun </th></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Rekod tinggi suhu, °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF3900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.2<br />(91.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.6<br />(97.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF0A00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">40.0<br />(104.0) </td> <td style="background: #EA0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.0<br />(109.4) </td> <td style="background: #C00000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.0<br />(114.8) </td> <td style="background: #B30000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">47.0<br />(116.6) </td> <td style="background: #970000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">49.0<br />(120.2) </td> <td style="background: #9F0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">48.4<br />(119.1) </td> <td style="background: #BB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">46.4<br />(115.5) </td> <td style="background: #ED0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.8<br />(109.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF2000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.8<br />(98.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF4000; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32.2<br />(90.0) </td> <td style="background: #970000; color:#FFFFFF; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">49.0<br />(120.2) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Purata maksimum suhu harian, °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF6600; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.6<br />(79.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF3100; color:#000000;" class="notheme">34.3<br />(93.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF0D00; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">39.6<br />(103.3) </td> <td style="background: #EB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.9<br />(109.2) </td> <td style="background: #EB0000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.9<br />(109.2) </td> <td style="background: #E30000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">43.5<br />(110.3) </td> <td style="background: #F30000; color:#FFFFFF;" class="notheme">42.3<br />(108.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF4B00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.6<br />(87.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF6A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">26.0<br />(78.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2B00; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">35.2<br />(95.4) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Purata suhu harian, °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFA246; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.9<br />(64.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF9226; color:#000000;" class="notheme">20.2<br />(68.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF7900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.9<br />(75.0) </td> <td style="background: #FF5900; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.5<br />(83.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF3A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">33.0<br />(91.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF2300; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.3<br />(97.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF2200; color:#000000;" class="notheme">36.5<br />(97.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF1E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">37.1<br />(98.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF2800; color:#000000;" class="notheme">35.6<br />(96.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF4C00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">30.4<br />(86.7) </td> <td style="background: #FF7700; color:#000000;" class="notheme">24.2<br />(75.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF952C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19.8<br />(67.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF5800; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">28.6<br />(83.5) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Purata minimum suhu harian, °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC184; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.4<br />(56.1) </td> <td style="background: #FFAA55; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16.8<br />(62.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8B18; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.2<br />(70.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF6E00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25.5<br />(77.9) </td> <td style="background: #FF5A00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">28.4<br />(83.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF5500; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.1<br />(84.4) </td> <td style="background: #FF4F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">29.9<br />(85.8) </td> <td style="background: #FF5D00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">27.9<br />(82.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF870F; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.9<br />(71.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA449; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17.7<br />(63.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFC082; color:#000000;" class="notheme">13.5<br />(56.3) </td> <td style="background: #FF8914; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">21.5<br />(70.7) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Rekod rendah suhu, °C (°F) </th> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0<br />(37.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFEDDC; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.0<br />(44.6) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9E; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.5<br />(52.7) </td> <td style="background: #FFBD7C; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14.0<br />(57.2) </td> <td style="background: #FF8811; color:#000000;" class="notheme">21.7<br />(71.1) </td> <td style="background: #FF860D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22.0<br />(71.6) </td> <td style="background: #FF7F00; color:#000000;" class="notheme">23.0<br />(73.4) </td> <td style="background: #FFA042; color:#000000;" class="notheme">18.2<br />(64.8) </td> <td style="background: #FFCE9D; color:#000000;" class="notheme">11.6<br />(52.9) </td> <td style="background: #FFDFC0; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.0<br />(48.2) </td> <td style="background: #F6F6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.0<br />(37.4) </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">1.0<br />(33.8) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Purata <a href="/wiki/Kerpasan" title="Kerpasan">kerpasan</a>, mm (inci) </th> <td style="background: #F5F5FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">6.3<br />(0.25) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.1<br />(0.12) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.8<br />(0.39) </td> <td style="background: #F0F0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">9.6<br />(0.38) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">5.1<br />(0.20) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1<br />(0.00) </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.1<br />(0.04) </td> <td style="background: #F9F9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.0<br />(0.16) </td> <td style="background: #FEFEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4<br />(0.02) </td> <td style="background: #FBFBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5<br />(0.10) </td> <td style="background: #EEEEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">10.4<br />(0.41) </td> <td style="background: #F3F3FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">7.8<br />(0.31) </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">60.2<br />(2.37) </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Purata bilangan hari hujan </th> <td style="background: #DEDEFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.6 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.4 </td> <td style="background: #D7D7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.2 </td> <td style="background: #CACAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">4.1 </td> <td style="background: #DBDBFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.9 </td> <td style="background: #FDFDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.1 </td> <td style="background: #FAFAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.4 </td> <td style="background: #ECECFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">1.5 </td> <td style="background: #F7F7FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">0.6 </td> <td style="background: #E6E6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.0 </td> <td style="background: #D4D4FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">3.3 </td> <td style="background: #E0E0FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">2.5 </td> <td style="background: #E5E5FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">24.6 </td></tr> <tr style="text-align: center;"> <th scope="row" style="height: 16px;">Purata <a href="/wiki/Kelembapan_relatif" title="Kelembapan relatif">kelembapan relatif</a> (%) </th> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 </td> <td style="background: #8888FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">31 </td> <td style="background: #9F9FFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">25 </td> <td style="background: #AAAAFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">22 </td> <td style="background: #BDBDFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">17 </td> <td style="background: #D1D1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">12 </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #C1C1FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">16 </td> <td style="background: #C9C9FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">14 </td> <td style="background: #B6B6FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">19 </td> <td style="background: #8484FF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">32 </td> <td style="background: #6D6DFF; color:#000000;" class="notheme">38 </td> <td style="background: #A7A7FF; color:#000000; border-left-width:medium" class="notheme">23 </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="14" style="text-align:center;font-size:95%;">Sumber: <i>Jeddah Regional Climate Center</i><sup id="cite_ref-JRCC_11-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-JRCC-11"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>11<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Demografi">Demografi</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bahagian: Demografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Demografi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Jumlah penduduk Madinah setakat 2018 dicatat sebanyak 2,188,138 orang dengan peningkatan tahunan 50,800 orang penduduk yang membawa kepada pertumbuhan jumlah penduduk tahunan sebanyak 2.32%.<sup id="cite_ref-12" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-12"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>12<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-13" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-13"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>13<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pengangkutan">Pengangkutan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bahagian: Pengangkutan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pengangkutan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Udara">Udara</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bahagian: Udara" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Udara"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Lapangan_Terbang_Antarabangsa_Putera_Mohammad_Bin_Abdulaziz" title="Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Putera Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz">Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Putera Mohammad Bin Abdulaziz</a> (<a href="/wiki/Persatuan_Pengangkutan_Udara_Antarabangsa" title="Persatuan Pengangkutan Udara Antarabangsa">IATA</a>: <b>MED</b>, <a href="/wiki/Pertubuhan_Penerbangan_Awam_Antarabangsa" title="Pertubuhan Penerbangan Awam Antarabangsa">ICAO</a>: <b>OEMA</b>) ialah lapangan terbang utama Madinah yang terletak kira-kira 15 kilometer dari pusat bandar. Lapangan terbang ini serta <a href="/wiki/Lapangan_Terbang_Antarabangsa_Raja_Abdulaziz" title="Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Raja Abdulaziz">Lapangan Terbang Antarabangsa Raja Abdulaziz</a> di <a href="/wiki/Jeddah" title="Jeddah">Jeddah</a> menguruskan kedatangan jemaah ketika musim <a href="/wiki/Haji" title="Haji">haji</a>. Lapangan terbang ini menguruskan kira-kira 8.145 juta penumpang pada 2018, menjadikan lapangan terbang ini sebagai lapangan terbang keempat tersibuk di Arab Saudi.<sup id="cite_ref-14" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-14"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>14<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Rel">Rel</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bahagian: Rel" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rel"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Madinah ialah salah satu terminal bagi <a href="/wiki/Kereta_Api_Berkelajuan_Tinggi_Haramain" title="Kereta Api Berkelajuan Tinggi Haramain">Kereta Api Berkelajuan Tinggi Haramain</a>, sebuah laluan kereta api berkelajuan tinggi yang menghubungkan bandar ini dengan Makkah dan Jeddah. Laluan ini dibuka pada 2018 dan dijangka mengangkut sekurang-kurangnya 50 juta orang penumpang.<sup id="cite_ref-railjournal.com_15-0" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-railjournal.com-15"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>15<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Bas">Bas</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bahagian: Bas" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Bas"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Sistem pengangkutan bas Madinah diasaskan pada 2012 oleh pihak pentadbiran bandar. Sistem ini merangkumi sepuluh buah laluan yang menghubungkan kawasan-kawasan Madinah dengan Masjid Nabawi dan pusat bandar, dan mengangkut kira-kira 200 ribu orang penumpang setiap hari.<sup id="cite_ref-16" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-16"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>16<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup><sup id="cite_ref-17" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-17"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>17<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Pada 2017, pihak pentadbiran Madinah telah melancarkan sistem bas persiaran yang merangkumi dua buah laluan yang membawa penumpang ke 11 buah destinasi termasuk Masjid Nabawi.<sup id="cite_ref-18" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-18"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>18<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Kebudayaan">Kebudayaan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bahagian: Kebudayaan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Kebudayaan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Tempat_tarikan">Tempat tarikan</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=15" title="Sunting bahagian: Tempat tarikan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=15" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Tempat tarikan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Masjid">Masjid</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=16" title="Sunting bahagian: Masjid" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=16" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Masjid"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul class="gallery mw-gallery-traditional" style="text-align: center"> <li class="gallerycaption">Masjid-masjid utama Madinah al-Munawwarah</li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Masjid_Al_Nabawi_(17948287651).jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masjid Nabawi"><img alt="Masjid Nabawi" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Masjid_Al_Nabawi_%2817948287651%29.jpg/120px-Masjid_Al_Nabawi_%2817948287651%29.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="68" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Masjid_Al_Nabawi_%2817948287651%29.jpg/180px-Masjid_Al_Nabawi_%2817948287651%29.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/e2/Masjid_Al_Nabawi_%2817948287651%29.jpg/240px-Masjid_Al_Nabawi_%2817948287651%29.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3072" data-file-height="1728" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Nabawi" title="Masjid Nabawi">Masjid Nabawi</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masjid Quba"><img alt="Masjid Quba" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg/120px-Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg/180px-Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/28/Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg/240px-Quba_Mosque_2013_02.jpg 2x" data-file-width="3264" data-file-height="2448" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Quba" title="Masjid Quba">Masjid Quba</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masjid al-Qiblatain"><img alt="Masjid al-Qiblatain" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg/120px-Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg/180px-Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bc/Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg/240px-Masjid_al-Qiblatain.jpg 2x" data-file-width="1989" data-file-height="1491" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Qiblatain" title="Masjid al-Qiblatain">Masjid al-Qiblatain</a></div> </li> <li class="gallerybox" style="width: 155px"> <div class="thumb" style="width: 150px; height: 150px;"><span typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Fail:Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg" class="mw-file-description" title="Masjid Tujuh"><img alt="Masjid Tujuh" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg/120px-Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg" decoding="async" width="120" height="90" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg/180px-Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ec/Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg/240px-Sab%27u_Masajid.jpg 2x" data-file-width="2592" data-file-height="1944" /></a></span></div> <div class="gallerytext"><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Tujuh" title="Masjid Tujuh">Masjid Tujuh</a></div> </li> </ul><p><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Nabawi" title="Masjid Nabawi">Masjid Nabawi</a> ialah salah satu masjid-masjid suci Islam yang mendapat kunjungan penziarah dari seluruh dunia. Masjid Nabawi menempatkan <a href="/wiki/Makam_Rasulullah_SAW" class="mw-redirect" title="Makam Rasulullah SAW">Makam Rasulullah s.a.w.</a> serta dua khalifah dalam kalangan <a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a>, <a href="/wiki/Abu_Bakar_as-Siddiq" title="Abu Bakar as-Siddiq">Abu Bakar as-Siddiq</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Umar_Al-Khattab" class="mw-redirect" title="Umar Al-Khattab">Umar Al-Khattab</a>. Selain itu, <a href="/wiki/Perkuburan_Baqi%27" title="Perkuburan Baqi'">Perkuburan Baqi'</a> di sebelah masjid yang menjadi tapak perkuburan <a href="/wiki/Fatimah_Abu_Bakar" title="Fatimah Abu Bakar">Fatimah Abu Bakar</a>, <a href="/wiki/Hassan_bin_Ali" title="Hassan bin Ali">Hassan bin Ali</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Sahabat_nabi" title="Sahabat nabi">sahabat-sahabat nabi</a> lain turut menjadi tumpuan. </p><p><a href="/wiki/Masjid_Quba" title="Masjid Quba">Masjid Quba</a> dibina oleh Rasulullah s.a.w. ketika perjalanan hijrahnya dan disifatkan sebagai masjid terawal dalam sejarah Islam. <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Qiblatain" title="Masjid al-Qiblatain">Masjid al-Qiblatain</a> ialah masjid berlakunya peristiwa perubahan kiblat dari <a href="/wiki/Masjid_al-Aqsa" title="Masjid al-Aqsa">Masjid al-Aqsa</a> ke <a href="/wiki/Kaabah" title="Kaabah">Kaabah</a>. Masjid Tujuh ialah sekumpulan enam buah masjid<sup class="reference plainlinks nourlexpansion" id="ref_a"><a href="#endnote_a">a</a></sup> yang terletak di kawasan selatan Gunung Sala' yang menjadi tempat berlakunya <a href="/wiki/Perang_Ahzab" title="Perang Ahzab">Perang Ahzab</a>. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Muzium">Muzium</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=17" title="Sunting bahagian: Muzium" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=17" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Muzium"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Muzium_Al-Madinah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Muzium Al-Madinah (laman tidak wujud)">Muzium Al-Madinah</a> memiliki koleksi sejarah dan warisan Madinah seperti koleksi arkeologi, galeri visual dan gambar-gambar. Muzium ini juga terdiri daripada Muzium Laluan Kereta Api Hejaz. </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading4"><h4 id="Tempat_tarikan_lain">Tempat tarikan lain</h4><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=18" title="Sunting bahagian: Tempat tarikan lain" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=18" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Tempat tarikan lain"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kawasan <a href="/wiki/Uhud" title="Uhud">Uhud</a> yang menjadi kawasan peristiwa <a href="/wiki/Perang_Uhud" title="Perang Uhud">Perang Uhud</a> kini dijadikan sebuah dataran yang termasuk Jabal Ramah, Makam Syuhada dan Masjid Syuhada Uhud yang dibina pada 2017.<sup id="cite_ref-19" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-19"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>19<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/wiki/Pusat_Percetakan_al-Quran_al-Malik_Fahd" class="mw-redirect" title="Pusat Percetakan al-Quran al-Malik Fahd">Pusat Percetakan al-Quran al-Malik Fahd</a> yang ditubuhkan pada 1985 ialah kilang percetakan Al-Quran terbesar di dunia dan memiliki kira-kira 1,100 orang pekerja.<sup id="cite_ref-20" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-20"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>20<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Laporan menyatakan bahawa kira-kira 400 ribu orang pengunjung melawat pusat ini setiap tahun.<sup id="cite_ref-21" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-21"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>21<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pendidikan">Pendidikan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=19" title="Sunting bahagian: Pendidikan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=19" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pendidikan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p>Kota Madinah memiliki sekurang-kurangnya 309 buah sekolah, termasuk 112 buah sekolah rendah, 95 buah sekolah perantaraan dan 102 buah sekolah menengah.<sup id="cite_ref-22" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-22"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>22<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> Salah satu sekolah terkemuka di Madinah ialah Sekolah Tinggi Taibah yang merupakan sekolah bagi beberapa orang menteri Arab Saudi.<sup id="cite_ref-23" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-23"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>23<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Pendidikan_tinggi">Pendidikan tinggi</h3><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=20" title="Sunting bahagian: Pendidikan tinggi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=20" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pendidikan tinggi"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <p><a href="/wiki/Universiti_Islam_Madinah" title="Universiti Islam Madinah">Universiti Islam Madinah</a> ialah universiti tertua Madinah yang ditubuhkan pada 1961. Universiti ini hanya dikhaskan kepada golongan Muslim lelaki.<sup id="cite_ref-24" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-24"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>24<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p><p><a href="/w/index.php?title=Universiti_Taibah&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Universiti Taibah (laman tidak wujud)">Universiti Taibah</a> ialah sebuah universiti awam yang ditubuhkan pada 2003 melalui penggabungan Universiti Raja Abdulaziz dan Universiti Imam Muhammad bin Saud. Universiti ini mendapat kedudukan ketiga dalam senarai universiti terbaik oleh Kementerian Pendidikan Arab Saudi pada 2019.<sup id="cite_ref-25" class="reference"><a href="#cite_note-25"><span class="cite-bracket">[</span>25<span class="cite-bracket">]</span></a></sup> </p> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Nota">Nota</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=21" title="Sunting bahagian: Nota" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=21" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Nota"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <dl><dd>1.<span class="citation wikicite" id="notakaki_a" style="font-size:85%"><a href="#ref_a">↑a</a> </span> Kumpulan masjid ini dipanggil sebagai Masjid Tujuh kerana Masjid al-Qiblatain pernah digolongkan dalam kumpulan ini.</dd></dl> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=22" title="Sunting bahagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=22" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Lihat juga"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <table role="presentation" class="mbox-small plainlinks sistersitebox" style="background-color:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle, #f8f9fa);border:1px solid var(--border-color-base, #a2a9b1);color:inherit"> <tbody><tr> <td class="mbox-image"><span class="noviewer" typeof="mw:File"><span><img alt="" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/30px-Commons-logo.svg.png" decoding="async" width="30" height="40" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/45px-Commons-logo.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4a/Commons-logo.svg/59px-Commons-logo.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="1024" data-file-height="1376" /></span></span></td> <td class="mbox-text plainlist"><a href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Laman_Utama" class="extiw" title="commons:Laman Utama">Wikimedia Commons</a> mempunyai media berkaitan <i><b><a class="external text" href="https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Category:Medina?uselang=ms">Madinah al-Munawwarah</a></b></i></td></tr> </tbody></table> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Makkah" title="Makkah">Makkah</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Muhammad_(nabi)" class="mw-redirect" title="Muhammad (nabi)">Muhammad</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Kawasan_tersuci_dalam_Islam" title="Kawasan tersuci dalam Islam">Kawasan tersuci dalam Islam</a></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Khulafa_al-Rasyidin" title="Khulafa al-Rasyidin">Khulafa al-Rasyidin</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Rujukan">Rujukan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=23" title="Sunting bahagian: Rujukan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=23" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Rujukan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6173370">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist"> <div class="mw-references-wrap mw-references-columns"><ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r5110723">.mw-parser-output cite.citation{font-style:inherit}.mw-parser-output .citation q{quotes:"\"""\"""'""'"}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-free a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-free a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .id-lock-registration a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-limited a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-registration a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .id-lock-subscription a,.mw-parser-output .citation .cs1-lock-subscription a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg")right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration{color:#555}.mw-parser-output .cs1-subscription span,.mw-parser-output .cs1-registration span{border-bottom:1px dotted;cursor:help}.mw-parser-output .cs1-ws-icon a{background:linear-gradient(transparent,transparent),url("//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg")right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat}.mw-parser-output code.cs1-code{color:inherit;background:inherit;border:none;padding:inherit}.mw-parser-output .cs1-hidden-error{display:none;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-visible-error{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-maint{display:none;color:#33aa33;margin-left:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-format{font-size:95%}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-left,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-left{padding-left:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-right,.mw-parser-output .cs1-kern-wl-right{padding-right:0.2em}.mw-parser-output .citation .mw-selflink{font-weight:inherit}</style><cite id="CITEREFEsposito2011" class="citation book cs1"><a href="/wiki/John_Esposito" title="John Esposito">Esposito, John L.</a> (2011). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=2wSVQI3Ya2EC&pg=PA25&dq=non-muslims+in+Mecca&hl=en&sa=X&ei=fgNZT5LBC-mqiQK3iLiaCw&ved=0CEcQ6AEwBA#v=onepage&q=non-muslims%20in%20Mecca&f=false"><i>What everyone needs to know about Islam</i></a>. <a href="/wiki/Oxford_University_Press" title="Oxford University Press">Oxford University Press</a>. m/s. 25. <q>Mecca, like Medina, is closed to non-Muslims</q></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=What+everyone+needs+to+know+about+Islam&rft.pages=25&rft.pub=Oxford+University+Press&rft.date=2011&rft.aulast=Esposito&rft.aufirst=John+L.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D2wSVQI3Ya2EC%26pg%3DPA25%26dq%3Dnon-muslims%2Bin%2BMecca%26hl%3Den%26sa%3DX%26ei%3DfgNZT5LBC-mqiQK3iLiaCw%26ved%3D0CEcQ6AEwBA%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dnon-muslims%2520in%2520Mecca%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:2-2"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:2_2-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMohd._Yusoff2015" class="citation book cs1">Mohd. Yusoff, Zulkifli (2015). <i>Kamus al-Quran</i>. <a href="/wiki/PTS_Publications_%26_Distributors_Sdn_Bhd" class="mw-redirect" title="PTS Publications & Distributors Sdn Bhd">PTS</a>. m/s. 31. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/9789675137310" title="Khas:Sumber buku/9789675137310"><bdi>9789675137310</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Kamus+al-Quran&rft.pages=31&rft.pub=PTS&rft.date=2015&rft.isbn=9789675137310&rft.aulast=Mohd.+Yusoff&rft.aufirst=Zulkifli&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-3"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-3">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.surah.my/33">"Surah Al-Ahzaab - سورة الأحزاب"</a>. <i>Surah.My</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">4 Mac</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Surah.My&rft.atitle=Surah+Al-Ahzaab+-+%D8%B3%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%B2%D8%A7%D8%A8&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.surah.my%2F33&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:0-4"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:0_4-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFbin_Abdullah_Al-Maghluts2014" class="citation book cs1">bin Abdullah Al-Maghluts, Sami (2014). <i>Atlas Rasulullah s.a.w.: Menelusuri Sejarah Hidup Manusia Paling Agung</i>. PTS. m/s. 53. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/9789673662340" title="Khas:Sumber buku/9789673662340"><bdi>9789673662340</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Atlas+Rasulullah+s.a.w.%3A+Menelusuri+Sejarah+Hidup+Manusia+Paling+Agung&rft.pages=53&rft.pub=PTS&rft.date=2014&rft.isbn=9789673662340&rft.aulast=bin+Abdullah+Al-Maghluts&rft.aufirst=Sami&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-5"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-5">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFSomel2003" class="citation book cs1">Somel, Selcuk Aksin (13 February 2003). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/?id=jGZQL41tg_oC&pg=PA172&lpg=PA172&dq=medina%20mamluks%20ottoman#v=onepage&q=medina%20mamluks%20ottoman&f=false"><i>Historical Dictionary of the Ottoman Empire</i></a>. Scarecrow Press. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/9780810866065" title="Khas:Sumber buku/9780810866065"><bdi>9780810866065</bdi></a> – melalui Google Books.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Historical+Dictionary+of+the+Ottoman+Empire&rft.pub=Scarecrow+Press&rft.date=2003-02-13&rft.isbn=9780810866065&rft.aulast=Somel&rft.aufirst=Selcuk+Aksin&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2F%3Fid%3DjGZQL41tg_oC%26pg%3DPA172%26lpg%3DPA172%26dq%3Dmedina%2520mamluks%2520ottoman%23v%3Donepage%26q%3Dmedina%2520mamluks%2520ottoman%26f%3Dfalse&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-:1-6"><span class="mw-cite-backlink">^ <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-0"><sup><i><b>a</b></i></sup></a> <a href="#cite_ref-:1_6-1"><sup><i><b>b</b></i></sup></a></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite id="CITEREFMisrawi2009" class="citation book cs1">Misrawi, Zuhairi (2009). <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com.my/books?id=-h3zxMtfKdgC&dq=gunung+di+madinah&source=gbs_navlinks_s"><i>Madinah: kota suci, piagam Madinah, dan teladan Muhammad SAW</i></a>. Penerbit Buku Kompas. m/s. 2. <a href="/wiki/Nombor_Buku_Piawai_Antarabangsa" title="Nombor Buku Piawai Antarabangsa">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/9797094502" title="Khas:Sumber buku/9797094502"><bdi>9797094502</bdi></a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Madinah%3A+kota+suci%2C+piagam+Madinah%2C+dan+teladan+Muhammad+SAW&rft.pages=2&rft.pub=Penerbit+Buku+Kompas&rft.date=2009&rft.isbn=9797094502&rft.aulast=Misrawi&rft.aufirst=Zuhairi&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com.my%2Fbooks%3Fid%3D-h3zxMtfKdgC%26dq%3Dgunung%2Bdi%2Bmadinah%26source%3Dgbs_navlinks_s&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-7"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-7">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20181220230827/http://www.alriyadh.com/294638">"أحد.. جبل يحبنا ونحبه"</a>. <i>Al-Riyadh</i> (dalam bahasa Arab). 17 November 2007. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.alriyadh.com/294638">yang asal</a> pada 20 Disember 2018.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Riyadh&rft.atitle=%D8%A3%D8%AD%D8%AF..+%D8%AC%D8%A8%D9%84+%D9%8A%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%86%D8%A7+%D9%88%D9%86%D8%AD%D8%A8%D9%87&rft.date=2007-11-17&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.alriyadh.com%2F294638&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-8"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-8">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://muftiwp.gov.my/artikel/irsyad-al-hadith/2232-irsyad-al-hadith-siri-ke-235-uhud-bukit-yang-dicintai">"Irsyad al-Hadith Siri ke-235: Uhud Bukit yang Dicintai"</a>. <i>Pejabat Mufti Wilayah Persekutuan</i>. 10 Januari 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">6 Mac</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Pejabat+Mufti+Wilayah+Persekutuan&rft.atitle=Irsyad+al-Hadith+Siri+ke-235%3A+Uhud+Bukit+yang+Dicintai&rft.date=2018-01-10&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmuftiwp.gov.my%2Fartikel%2Firsyad-al-hadith%2F2232-irsyad-al-hadith-siri-ke-235-uhud-bukit-yang-dicintai&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-جيولوجيا_المدينة-9"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-جيولوجيا_المدينة_9-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.al-madinah.org/madina/sections.php?sid=484">جيولوجيا المدينة المنورة</a>، مركز بحوث ودراسات المدينة <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160306003035/http://al-madinah.org/madina/sections.php?sid=484">Diarkibkan</a> 2016-03-06 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-جيولوجيا_المدينة_-التربة-10"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-جيولوجيا_المدينة_-التربة_10-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.al-madinah.org/madina/sections.php?sid=485">جيولوجيا المدينة المنورة (التربة)</a>، مركز بحوث ودراسات المدينة <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160305031722/http://www.al-madinah.org/madina/sections.php?sid=485">Diarkibkan</a> 2016-03-05 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-JRCC-11"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-JRCC_11-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20160304102637/http://jrcc.sa/reports_files/1985_2010Reports/Madinah.RTF">"Climate Data for Saudi Arabia"</a>. Jeddah Regional Climate Center. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://jrcc.sa/reports_files/1985_2010Reports/Madinah.RTF">yang asal</a> pada 4 Mac 2016.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Climate+Data+for+Saudi+Arabia&rft.pub=Jeddah+Regional+Climate+Center&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fjrcc.sa%2Freports_files%2F1985_2010Reports%2FMadinah.RTF&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-12"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-12">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stats.gov.sa/sites/default/files/table_1-4_0.xlsx">"Population in Madinah Region According to Gender and Age groups"</a>. <i>Saudi Census</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Census&rft.atitle=Population+in+Madinah+Region+According+to+Gender+and+Age+groups&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.sa%2Fsites%2Fdefault%2Ffiles%2Ftable_1-4_0.xlsx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-13"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-13">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.stats.gov.sa/en/13">"Saudi Census Releases"</a>. <i>Saudi Census</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">6 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Census&rft.atitle=Saudi+Census+Releases&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.stats.gov.sa%2Fen%2F13&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-14"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-14">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.tavyatirimciiliskileri.com/en-EN/Documents/Dec_2018.pdf">"TAV Traffic Results 2018"</a> <span class="cs1-format">(PDF)</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=TAV+Traffic+Results+2018&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.tavyatirimciiliskileri.com%2Fen-EN%2FDocuments%2FDec_2018.pdf&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-railjournal.com-15"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-railjournal.com_15-0">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.railjournal.com/index.php/middle-east/testing-set-to-begin-on-saudi-high-speed-line.html?channel=542">"Testing set to begin on Saudi High Speed Line. IRJ"</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=Testing+set+to+begin+on+Saudi+High+Speed+Line.+IRJ&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.railjournal.com%2Findex.php%2Fmiddle-east%2Ftesting-set-to-begin-on-saudi-high-speed-line.html%3Fchannel%3D542&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-16"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-16">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://madinabuses.mda.gov.sa">"Madina Buses Official (Arabic)"</a>. <i>Madina Buses Official Website</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Madina+Buses+Official+Website&rft.atitle=Madina+Buses+Official+%28Arabic%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmadinabuses.mda.gov.sa&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-17"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-17">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://makkahnewspaper.com/article/1103561/%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A8%D9%84%D8%AF/20-%D8%A3%D9%84-%D9%85%D8%B3%D8%AA%D9%8A%D8%AF-%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A7-%D9%85%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%86%D9%82%D9%84-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%AF%D8%AF%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9">"Medina Buses Serves 20k Passengers Daily (Arabic)"</a>. <i>Makkah Newspaper</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">19 May</span> 2019</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Makkah+Newspaper&rft.atitle=Medina+Buses+Serves+20k+Passengers+Daily+%28Arabic%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fmakkahnewspaper.com%2Farticle%2F1103561%2F%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A8%25D9%2584%25D8%25AF%2F20-%25D8%25A3%25D9%2584-%25D9%2585%25D8%25B3%25D8%25AA%25D9%258A%25D8%25AF-%25D9%258A%25D9%2588%25D9%2585%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2586%25D9%2582%25D9%2584-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AA%25D8%25B1%25D8%25AF%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A-%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D9%2585%25D8%25AF%25D9%258A%25D9%2586%25D8%25A9&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-18"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-18">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://csmadinah.com/en/">"City Sightseeing Medina"</a>. <i>City Sightseeing Medina Official Website</i>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=City+Sightseeing+Medina+Official+Website&rft.atitle=City+Sightseeing+Medina&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fcsmadinah.com%2Fen%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-19"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-19">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spa.gov.sa/1620995">"Masjid Sayyed Al-Shuhada'a (Arabic)"</a>. <i>Saudi Press Agency</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">26 April</span> 2017</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Saudi+Press+Agency&rft.atitle=Masjid+Sayyed+Al-Shuhada%27a+%28Arabic%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spa.gov.sa%2F1620995&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-20"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-20">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qurancomplex.gov.sa/kfgqpc/about/">"About King Fahd Complex"</a>. <i>King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Quran</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King+Fahd+Complex+for+the+Printing+of+the+Holy+Quran&rft.atitle=About+King+Fahd+Complex&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqurancomplex.gov.sa%2Fkfgqpc%2Fabout%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://qurancomplex.gov.sa/kfgqpc/statist/">"Publications of King Fahd Complex (Arabic)"</a>. <i>King Fahd Complex for the Printing of the Holy Quran</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">10 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=King+Fahd+Complex+for+the+Printing+of+the+Holy+Quran&rft.atitle=Publications+of+King+Fahd+Complex+%28Arabic%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fqurancomplex.gov.sa%2Fkfgqpc%2Fstatist%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-22"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-22">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20090621075216/http://www.madinaedu.gov.sa/madares/Default.aspx">"إحصائيات المدارس والأبنية التعليمية، الإدارة العامة للتربية والتعليم بالمدينة المنورة، تاريخ الوصول"</a>. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.madinaedu.gov.sa/madares/Default.aspx">yang asal</a> pada 2009-06-21<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2009-06-21</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%A5%D8%AD%D8%B5%D8%A7%D8%A6%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AA+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%B3+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%86%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D9%8A%D8%A9%D8%8C+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B1%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%A9+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B1%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A9+%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AA%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85+%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AF%D9%8A%D9%86%D8%A9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D9%86%D9%88%D8%B1%D8%A9%D8%8C+%D8%AA%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%8A%D8%AE+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B5%D9%88%D9%84&rft_id=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.madinaedu.gov.sa%2Fmadares%2FDefault.aspx&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-23"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-23">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.al-madina.com/article/13791/%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AB%D8%A7%D9%86%D9%88%D9%8A%D8%A9-%D9%88%D8%B4%D9%8A%D8%A1-%D9%85%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%A1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AC%D9%8A%D8%A7%D9%84">"History of Taibah High School (Arabic)"</a>. <i>Al-Madina Newspaper</i><span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">5 February</span> 2020</span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=unknown&rft.jtitle=Al-Madina+Newspaper&rft.atitle=History+of+Taibah+High+School+%28Arabic%29&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.al-madina.com%2Farticle%2F13791%2F%25D8%25B7%25D9%258A%25D8%25A8%25D8%25A9-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25AB%25D8%25A7%25D9%2586%25D9%2588%25D9%258A%25D8%25A9-%25D9%2588%25D8%25B4%25D9%258A%25D8%25A1-%25D9%2585%25D9%2586-%25D9%2588%25D9%2581%25D8%25A7%25D8%25A1-%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584%25D8%25A3%25D8%25AC%25D9%258A%25D8%25A7%25D9%2584&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-24"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-24">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation news cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20180102231844/https://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/regeringen-ska-stoppa-csn-bidrag-till-saudiska-studier/">"Regeringen ska stoppa CSN-bidrag till saudiska studier - DN.SE"</a>. <i>DN.SE</i> (dalam bahasa Sweden). 2017-12-06. Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.dn.se/nyheter/sverige/regeringen-ska-stoppa-csn-bidrag-till-saudiska-studier/">yang asal</a> pada 2 January 2018<span class="reference-accessdate">. Dicapai pada <span class="nowrap">2018-03-23</span></span>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=DN.SE&rft.atitle=Regeringen+ska+stoppa+CSN-bidrag+till+saudiska+studier+-+DN.SE&rft.date=2017-12-06&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.dn.se%2Fnyheter%2Fsverige%2Fregeringen-ska-stoppa-csn-bidrag-till-saudiska-studier%2F&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> <li id="cite_note-25"><span class="mw-cite-backlink"><b><a href="#cite_ref-25">^</a></b></span> <span class="reference-text"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r5110723"><cite class="citation web cs1"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20190219184957/https://www.spa.gov.sa/viewstory.php?lang=ar&newsid=1887342">"عام / جامعة طيبة تشارك في الأولمبياد الوطني للإبداع العلمي"</a> (dalam bahasa Arab). Diarkibkan daripada <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.spa.gov.sa/viewstory.php?lang=ar&newsid=1887342">yang asal</a> pada 19 Februari 2019.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=unknown&rft.btitle=%D8%B9%D8%A7%D9%85+%2F+%D8%AC%D8%A7%D9%85%D8%B9%D8%A9+%D8%B7%D9%8A%D8%A8%D8%A9+%D8%AA%D8%B4%D8%A7%D8%B1%D9%83+%D9%81%D9%8A+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D9%88%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A8%D9%8A%D8%A7%D8%AF+%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B7%D9%86%D9%8A+%D9%84%D9%84%D8%A5%D8%A8%D8%AF%D8%A7%D8%B9+%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%85%D9%8A&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.spa.gov.sa%2Fviewstory.php%3Flang%3Dar%26newsid%3D1887342&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fms.wikipedia.org%3AMadinah+al-Munawwarah" class="Z3988"></span></span> </li> </ol></div></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pautan_pilihan">Pautan pilihan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=24" title="Sunting bahagian: Pautan pilihan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=24" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Pautan pilihan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><span class="languageicon" style="font-size:0.85em; font-weight:bold; color:#555" title="Bahasa (en)">(Inggeris)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.wunderground.com/global/stations/40430.html">Keadaan cuaca terkini di Madinah</a></li> <li><span class="languageicon" style="font-size:0.85em; font-weight:bold; color:#555" title="Bahasa (ms)">(Melayu)</span> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20021016235253/http://www.geocities.com/hsu_chi_2000/islam4/sejarah2.html">Sejarah Islam dan Madinah</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bacaan_lanjutan">Bacaan lanjutan</h2><span class="mw-editsection"><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">[</span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&veaction=edit&section=25" title="Sunting bahagian: Bacaan lanjutan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor"><span>sunting</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-divider"> | </span><a href="/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&action=edit&section=25" title="Sunting kod sumber bahagian: Bacaan lanjutan"><span>sunting sumber</span></a><span class="mw-editsection-bracket">]</span></span></div> <ul><li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Safiur_Rahman_Mubarakpuri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri (laman tidak wujud)">Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman</a> (2011). <i>The Sealed Nectar: Biography of the Noble Prophet ‌‍ﷺ.</i> <a href="/wiki/Riyadh" title="Riyadh">Riyadh</a>: <a href="/w/index.php?title=Darussalam_Publishers&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Darussalam Publishers (laman tidak wujud)">Darussalam Publishers</a>. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-603-50011-0-6" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-603-50011-0-6">978-603-50011-0-6</a></li> <li><a href="/w/index.php?title=Safiur_Rahman_Mubarakpuri&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Safiur Rahman Mubarakpuri (laman tidak wujud)">Mubarakpuri, Safiur Rahman</a> (2004). <i>The History of Madinah Munawwarah.</i> Riyadh: Darussalam Publishers. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-996-08921-1-5" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-996-08921-1-5">978-996-08921-1-5</a></li> <li>Badr, Abdulbasit A. (2013). <i>Madinah, The Enlightened City: History and Landmarks.</i> Medina: Al-Madinah Al Munawwarah Research & Studies Center. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Khas:Sumber_buku/978-603-90414-7-4" title="Khas:Sumber buku/978-603-90414-7-4">978-603-90414-7-4</a></li></ul> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r6350819">.mw-parser-output .portalbox{padding:0;margin:0.5em 0;display:table;box-sizing:border-box;max-width:175px;list-style:none}.mw-parser-output .portalborder{border:solid var(--border-color-base,#a2a9b1)1px;padding:0.1em;background:var(--background-color-neutral-subtle,#f8f9fa)}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-entry{display:table-row;font-size:85%;line-height:110%;height:1.9em;font-weight:bold}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-image{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em;vertical-align:middle;text-align:center}.mw-parser-output .portalbox-link{display:table-cell;padding:0.2em 0.2em 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Kewibawaan Antarabangsa Maya">VIAF</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://viaf.org/viaf/157115328">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="nowrap"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.worldcat.org/identities/containsVIAFID/157115328">WorldCat (melalui VIAF)</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Perpustakaan negara</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-even" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://catalogo.bne.es/uhtbin/authoritybrowse.cgi?action=display&authority_id=XX457004">Sepanyol</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11969226h">Perancis</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://data.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb11969226h">(data)</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://d-nb.info/gnd/4038240-0">Jerman</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://uli.nli.org.il/F/?func=find-b&local_base=NLX10&find_code=UID&request=987007564192205171">Israel</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.loc.gov/authorities/names/n81058909">Amerika Syarikat</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://id.ndl.go.jp/auth/ndlna/00629324">Jepun</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://aleph.nkp.cz/F/?func=find-c&local_base=aut&ccl_term=ica=ge129987&CON_LNG=ENG">Republik Czech</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="navbox-group" style="width:1%">Lain-lain</th><td class="navbox-list navbox-odd" style="text-align:left;border-left-width:2px;border-left-style:solid;width:100%;padding:0px"><div style="padding:0em 0.25em"> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://id.worldcat.org/fast/1213531/">Aplikasi Berfaset Terminologi Subjek</a></span></li> <li><span class="uid"><a href="/wiki/MusicBrainz" title="MusicBrainz">MusicBrainz</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://musicbrainz.org/area/cf31eb04-27c0-4157-95b4-4290588a4246">(kawasan)</a></span></li> <li><a href="/wiki/Sistem_Pendokumenan_Universiti" title="Sistem Pendokumenan Universiti">SUDOC (Perancis)</a> <ul><li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://www.idref.fr/027707296">1</a></span></li></ul></li> <li><span class="uid"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://islamansiklopedisi.org.tr/medine">İslâm Ansiklopedisi</a></span></li></ul> </div></td></tr></tbody></table></div>    </div><noscript><img src="https://login.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:CentralAutoLogin/start?type=1x1" alt="" width="1" height="1" style="border: none; position: absolute;"></noscript> <div class="printfooter" data-nosnippet="">Diambil daripada "<a dir="ltr" href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&oldid=6210735">https://ms.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Madinah_al-Munawwarah&oldid=6210735</a>"</div></div> <div id="catlinks" class="catlinks" data-mw="interface"><div id="mw-normal-catlinks" class="mw-normal-catlinks"><a href="/wiki/Khas:Kategori" title="Khas:Kategori">Kategori</a>: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Sumber_CS1_bahasa_Arab_(ar)" title="Kategori:Sumber CS1 bahasa Arab (ar)">Sumber CS1 bahasa Arab (ar)</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Rencana_dengan_pengenalan_kawasan_MusicBrainz" title="Kategori:Rencana dengan pengenalan kawasan MusicBrainz">Rencana dengan pengenalan kawasan MusicBrainz</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Arab_Saudi" title="Kategori:Arab Saudi">Arab Saudi</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Madinah" title="Kategori:Madinah">Madinah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Bandar_raya_suci" title="Kategori:Bandar raya suci">Bandar raya suci</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Tempat_suci_Islam" title="Kategori:Tempat suci Islam">Tempat suci Islam</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Bandar_raya_suci_Syiah" title="Kategori:Bandar raya suci Syiah">Bandar raya suci Syiah</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Ibu_kota_khilafah" title="Kategori:Ibu kota khilafah">Ibu kota khilafah</a></li></ul></div><div id="mw-hidden-catlinks" class="mw-hidden-catlinks mw-hidden-cats-hidden">Kategori-kategori tersembunyi: <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Laman_dengan_argumen_formatnum_bukan_angka" title="Kategori:Laman dengan argumen formatnum bukan angka">Laman dengan argumen formatnum bukan angka</a></li><li><a href="/wiki/Kategori:Pautan_wayback_templat_webarchive" title="Kategori:Pautan wayback templat webarchive">Pautan wayback templat 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