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if ($a.is_logged_in() && $viewedUser.is_current_user()) { $('body').addClass('profile-viewed-by-owner'); } $socialProfiles = []</script><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird","location":"/michaelbird","scheme":"https","host":"jamescook.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/michaelbird","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" data-component-name="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate" data-props="{}" data-trace="false" data-dom-id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-5572bb21-3028-436b-ac06-76cb3d097a3c"></div> <div id="ProfileCheckPaperUpdate-react-component-5572bb21-3028-436b-ac06-76cb3d097a3c"></div> <div class="DesignSystem"><div class="onsite-ping" id="onsite-ping"></div></div><div class="profile-user-info DesignSystem"><div class="social-profile-container"><div class="left-panel-container"><div class="user-info-component-wrapper"><div class="user-summary-cta-container"><div class="user-summary-container"><div class="social-profile-avatar-container"><img class="profile-avatar u-positionAbsolute" alt="michael bird" border="0" onerror="if (this.src != '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png') this.src = '//a.academia-assets.com/images/s200_no_pic.png';" width="200" height="200" src="https://0.academia-photos.com/2307557/2102901/2471647/s200_michael.bird.jpg" /></div><div class="title-container"><h1 class="ds2-5-heading-sans-serif-sm">michael bird</h1><div class="affiliations-container fake-truncate js-profile-affiliations"><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/">James Cook University</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/Departments/Science_and_Engineering/Documents">Science and Engineering</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div><div><a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/">James Cook University</a>, <a class="u-tcGrayDarker" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/Departments/College_of_Science_Technology_and_Engineering/Documents">College of Science, Technology and Engineering</a>, <span class="u-tcGrayDarker">Faculty Member</span></div></div></div></div><div class="sidebar-cta-container"><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-follow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.follow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-follow-button" data-follow-user-fname="michael" data-follow-user-id="2307557" data-follow-user-source="profile_button" data-has-google="false"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">add</span>Follow</button><button class="ds2-5-button hidden profile-cta-button grow js-profile-unfollow-button" data-broccoli-component="user-info.unfollow-button" data-click-track="profile-user-info-unfollow-button" data-unfollow-user-id="2307557"><span class="material-symbols-outlined" style="font-size: 20px" translate="no">done</span>Following</button></div></div><div class="user-stats-container"><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followers"><p class="label">Followers</p><p class="data">271</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-followees" data-broccoli-component="user-info.followees-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-following"><p class="label">Following</p><p class="data">61</p></div></a><a><div class="stat-container js-profile-coauthors" data-broccoli-component="user-info.coauthors-count" data-click-track="profile-expand-user-info-coauthors"><p class="label">Co-authors</p><p class="data">55</p></div></a><span><div class="stat-container"><p class="label"><span class="js-profile-total-view-text">Public Views</span></p><p class="data"><span class="js-profile-view-count"></span></p></div></span></div><div class="user-bio-container"><div class="profile-bio fake-truncate js-profile-about" style="margin: 0px;">I trained as a geologist at U. Sydney and the ANU (PhD 1988). After a postdoc at UWO in Canada, I returned to Australia as Research Fellow, QEII Fellow at Research School of Earth Sciences, ANU. In 2000 I took up a position in Singapore and in 2004, a Chair at St. Andrews, Scotland. In 2009 I returned to Australia as an ARC Federation Fellow and  Laureate Fellow at JCU. My research interests include the terrestrial carbon cycle, biochar, geoarchaeology and environmental change in the tropics.<br /><div class="js-profile-less-about u-linkUnstyled u-tcGrayDarker u-textDecorationUnderline u-displayNone">less</div></div></div><div class="ri-section"><div class="ri-section-header"><span>Interests</span></div><div class="ri-tags-container"><a data-click-track="profile-user-info-expand-research-interests" data-has-card-for-ri-list="2307557" href="https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Geochemistry"><div id="js-react-on-rails-context" style="display:none" data-rails-context="{"inMailer":false,"i18nLocale":"en","i18nDefaultLocale":"en","href":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird","location":"/michaelbird","scheme":"https","host":"jamescook.academia.edu","port":null,"pathname":"/michaelbird","search":null,"httpAcceptLanguage":null,"serverSide":false}"></div> <div class="js-react-on-rails-component" style="display:none" 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class="documents-container backbone-social-profile-documents" style="width: 100%;"><div class="u-taCenter"></div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane active" id="all"><div class="profile--tab_heading_container js-section-heading" data-section="Papers" id="Papers"><h3 class="profile--tab_heading_container">Papers by michael bird</h3></div><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39615342"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615342/Minimum_founding_populations_for_the_first_peopling_of_Sahul"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615342/Minimum_founding_populations_for_the_first_peopling_of_Sahul">Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://flinders.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rikSaltr%C3%A9">Frédérik Saltré</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature Ecology and Evolution</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owing to a fragmented archaeological record. However, quantifying the plausible demographic context of this founding population is essential to determine how and why the initial peopling of Sahul occurred. We developed a stochastic, age-structured model using demographic rates from hunter-gatherer societies, and relative carrying capacity hindcasted with LOVECLIM’s net primary productivity for northern Sahul. We projected these populations to determine the resilience and minimum sizes required to avoid extinction. A census founding population of between 1,300 and 1,550 individuals was necessary to maintain a quasi-extinction threshold of ≲0.1. This minimum founding population could have arrived at a single point in time, or through multiple voyages of ≥130 people over ~700–900 years. This result shows that substantial population amalgamation in Sunda and Wallacea in Marine Isotope Stages 3–4 provided the conditions for the successful, large-scale and probably planned peopling of Sahul.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39615342"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39615342"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615342; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615342]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615342]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615342; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39615342']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39615342, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39615342]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39615342,"title":"Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1038/s41559-019-0902-6","abstract":"The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owing to a fragmented archaeological record. However, quantifying the plausible demographic context of this founding population is essential to determine how and why the initial peopling of Sahul occurred. We developed a stochastic, age-structured model using demographic rates from hunter-gatherer societies, and relative carrying capacity hindcasted with LOVECLIM’s net primary productivity for northern Sahul. We projected these populations to determine the resilience and minimum sizes required to avoid extinction. A census founding population of between 1,300 and 1,550 individuals was necessary to maintain a quasi-extinction threshold of ≲0.1. This minimum founding population could have arrived at a single point in time, or through multiple voyages of ≥130 people over ~700–900 years. This result shows that substantial population amalgamation in Sunda and Wallacea in Marine Isotope Stages 3–4 provided the conditions for the successful, large-scale and probably planned peopling of Sahul.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nature Ecology and Evolution"},"translated_abstract":"The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owing to a fragmented archaeological record. However, quantifying the plausible demographic context of this founding population is essential to determine how and why the initial peopling of Sahul occurred. We developed a stochastic, age-structured model using demographic rates from hunter-gatherer societies, and relative carrying capacity hindcasted with LOVECLIM’s net primary productivity for northern Sahul. We projected these populations to determine the resilience and minimum sizes required to avoid extinction. A census founding population of between 1,300 and 1,550 individuals was necessary to maintain a quasi-extinction threshold of ≲0.1. This minimum founding population could have arrived at a single point in time, or through multiple voyages of ≥130 people over ~700–900 years. This result shows that substantial population amalgamation in Sunda and Wallacea in Marine Isotope Stages 3–4 provided the conditions for the successful, large-scale and probably planned peopling of Sahul.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39615342/Minimum_founding_populations_for_the_first_peopling_of_Sahul","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-06-17T16:14:10.572-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2290582,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32741722,"work_id":39615342,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":1944301,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***s@hotmail.com","affiliation":"The University of New South Wales","display_order":4194304,"name":"Alan Williams","title":"Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul"},{"id":32741723,"work_id":39615342,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":6291456,"name":"michael bird","title":"Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul"},{"id":32741724,"work_id":39615342,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":157300,"email":"r***b@uow.edu.au","display_order":7340032,"name":"Richard G. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39615227"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615227/Early_human_settlement_of_Sahul_was_not_an_accident"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59772134/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615227/Early_human_settlement_of_Sahul_was_not_an_accident">Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://flinders.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rikSaltr%C3%A9">Frédérik Saltré</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientific Reports</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is <5% until ≥40 adults are 'washed off' an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of 'bottleneck' crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago. Increased attention to maritime landscapes over the last two decades has re-invigorated investigation into the role of coastal environments and sea travel in the behavioural evolution of our species. New evidence has fundamentally changed our understanding of the cognitive capacity of anatomically modern humans 1,2 , genetic ancestry 3 , dispersal patterns from Africa 4 and the peopling of new environments 5,6. However, the role of coastlines and coastal resources in the dispersal of modern humans has been much debated. Proponents of a coastal migration model for H. sapiens out of Africa argue that coastlines would have provided for a fast, directional population expansion with predictable resources and supplies of potable water 7. Those opposing, point out that there is little direct evidence to support a coastal-highway hypothesis and that there is evidence that early humans were able to make use of savanna and rainforest environments 2,8. More recent papers propose a less dichotomous model featuring flexibility, involving use of coasts and estuaries, but not exclusively relying on them 4,5,9. Whatever the reality, it is clear that the ability to make even rudimentary watercraft and move directionally over water, both across large rivers and in traversing unknown sections of coastline, would have given H. sapiens a selective advantage over other hominins. Australia and the islands to its north (the Wallacean Archipelago) have been at the forefront of this debate because the maritime crossing from Sunda to Sahul requires lengthy water crossings that appear to have been beyond the capacity of earlier hominins.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9a969782a2b706cad57ac20f9d54597d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59772134,"asset_id":39615227,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59772134/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39615227"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39615227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615227; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615227]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615227]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615227; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39615227']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39615227, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9a969782a2b706cad57ac20f9d54597d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39615227]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39615227,"title":"Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-42946-9","abstract":"The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is \u003c5% until ≥40 adults are 'washed off' an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of 'bottleneck' crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago. Increased attention to maritime landscapes over the last two decades has re-invigorated investigation into the role of coastal environments and sea travel in the behavioural evolution of our species. 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Whatever the reality, it is clear that the ability to make even rudimentary watercraft and move directionally over water, both across large rivers and in traversing unknown sections of coastline, would have given H. sapiens a selective advantage over other hominins. Australia and the islands to its north (the Wallacean Archipelago) have been at the forefront of this debate because the maritime crossing from Sunda to Sahul requires lengthy water crossings that appear to have been beyond the capacity of earlier hominins.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Scientific Reports"},"translated_abstract":"The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is \u003c5% until ≥40 adults are 'washed off' an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of 'bottleneck' crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago. Increased attention to maritime landscapes over the last two decades has re-invigorated investigation into the role of coastal environments and sea travel in the behavioural evolution of our species. 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climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55189830/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35328493/The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of_Acacia_cambagei_gidgee_for_semi_arid_regions_of_Australia_using_stable_isotopes_and_elemental_abundances">The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uq.academia.edu/BWitt">B. Witt</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ansto.academia.edu/PatriciaGadd">Patricia Gadd</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of Australia it is necessary to investigate the potential climate signals in tree species in this large region. Using a stable isotope and x-ray fluorescence approach to dendrochronology in Acacia cambagei, this study demonstrates short (10 years) proxies of temperature and precipitation are possible. Because rings in A. cambagei are difficult to see, precluding traditional dendrochronology, we used elemental abundances of Ca and Sr as an annual chronometer back to 1962. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed that our dating of wood from two trees. We compared d 13 C and d 18 O from the a-cellulose of the dated wood over the most recent 10 years (n ¼ 10) to local climate records demonstrating significant relationships between d 18 O and precipitation (r ¼ À0.85, p < 0.002); mean monthly maximum temperature (r ¼ 0.69, p < 0.03); and drought indexes (CRU scPDSI 0.5 , r ¼ À0.89, p < 0.001) for February and March. Acacia cambagei may be useful in developing regional networks of climate proxies for drought. Using modern trees, in combination with architectural timbers, it may be possible to construct a multi-century, annually-resolved proxy-record of rainfall and temperature for semi-arid northeastern Australia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e602539ebbea162c19e44ba3545f4498" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55189830,"asset_id":35328493,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55189830/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35328493"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35328493"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35328493; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35328493]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35328493]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35328493; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35328493']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35328493, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e602539ebbea162c19e44ba3545f4498" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35328493]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35328493,"title":"The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of Australia it is necessary to investigate the potential climate signals in tree species in this large region. Using a stable isotope and x-ray fluorescence approach to dendrochronology in Acacia cambagei, this study demonstrates short (10 years) proxies of temperature and precipitation are possible. Because rings in A. cambagei are difficult to see, precluding traditional dendrochronology, we used elemental abundances of Ca and Sr as an annual chronometer back to 1962. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed that our dating of wood from two trees. We compared d 13 C and d 18 O from the a-cellulose of the dated wood over the most recent 10 years (n ¼ 10) to local climate records demonstrating significant relationships between d 18 O and precipitation (r ¼ À0.85, p \u003c 0.002); mean monthly maximum temperature (r ¼ 0.69, p \u003c 0.03); and drought indexes (CRU scPDSI 0.5 , r ¼ À0.89, p \u003c 0.001) for February and March. Acacia cambagei may be useful in developing regional networks of climate proxies for drought. Using modern trees, in combination with architectural timbers, it may be possible to construct a multi-century, annually-resolved proxy-record of rainfall and temperature for semi-arid northeastern Australia."},"translated_abstract":"To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of Australia it is necessary to investigate the potential climate signals in tree species in this large region. Using a stable isotope and x-ray fluorescence approach to dendrochronology in Acacia cambagei, this study demonstrates short (10 years) proxies of temperature and precipitation are possible. Because rings in A. cambagei are difficult to see, precluding traditional dendrochronology, we used elemental abundances of Ca and Sr as an annual chronometer back to 1962. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed that our dating of wood from two trees. We compared d 13 C and d 18 O from the a-cellulose of the dated wood over the most recent 10 years (n ¼ 10) to local climate records demonstrating significant relationships between d 18 O and precipitation (r ¼ À0.85, p \u003c 0.002); mean monthly maximum temperature (r ¼ 0.69, p \u003c 0.03); and drought indexes (CRU scPDSI 0.5 , r ¼ À0.89, p \u003c 0.001) for February and March. Acacia cambagei may be useful in developing regional networks of climate proxies for drought. Using modern trees, in combination with architectural timbers, it may be possible to construct a multi-century, annually-resolved proxy-record of rainfall and temperature for semi-arid northeastern Australia.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35328493/The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of_Acacia_cambagei_gidgee_for_semi_arid_regions_of_Australia_using_stable_isotopes_and_elemental_abundances","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-12-03T20:34:03.948-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":53749077,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30731890,"work_id":35328493,"tagging_user_id":53749077,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":1,"name":"michael bird","title":"The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances"},{"id":30731892,"work_id":35328493,"tagging_user_id":53749077,"tagged_user_id":2237692,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***p@ansto.gov.au","affiliation":"Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization","display_order":3,"name":"Patricia Gadd","title":"The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55189830,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55189830/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Witt_et_al_2017_JAE_136.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55189830/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55189830/Witt_et_al_2017_JAE_136-libre.pdf?1512362254=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_climate_reconstruction_potential_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793090\u0026Signature=DGxe~2uhZ7FLq0CXPVCEnMgQXXSksxYnh~shcrfauRppRwlVdkK5hwEiKqtv3ZE3EOce3l8bw1S~dloNXq4yM8vF9P1Fr8eqrk~W3Q9BdXX94bnF98CJtRO~qOha8LnBUP0ohF0T0t8d-PFs-uvn6bHlFu1tHiaPFaaJg37bfcE9KeseJS8uFQLi3JB4Ec7za2OoGdJAoIWW2WI2fqAwLrTRoZf8O8xeJM3PZ0JrrVdbHPgNPaveZesNhz6m1WWqKJDJCq8vZTbpjHgY6hLUqiId9W8bbvEzGwu1MeNVPvicyCAiUUCdiWhlMpkA0F2cu9vii6qUe7CFWT3wUfkSXQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of_Acacia_cambagei_gidgee_for_semi_arid_regions_of_Australia_using_stable_isotopes_and_elemental_abundances","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":53749077,"first_name":"B.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Witt","page_name":"BWitt","domain_name":"uq","created_at":"2016-09-21T00:23:50.504-07:00","display_name":"B. 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However, it cannot be assumed that all molluscan taxa provide equally useful data owing to species-specific biological and ecological traits. The Mud Shell, Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786) (syn. Polymesoda coaxans, syn. Polymesoda erosa), an infaunal mangrove bivalve, is a common component of archaeological deposits along Australia's tropical north coast and throughout the Indo-West Pacific. The ubiquity of G. erosa has led to numerous researchers incorporating this taxon into interpretations of associated deposits, particularly in the generation of radiocarbon chronologies and as a palaeoenvironmental proxy. Despite this, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of G. erosa physiology and ecology on associated geochemical signals. Adaptations allowing the survival of this species within its highly changeable mangrove environment may introduce complexities into radiocarbon and environmental data archived within its shell. This study combines local environmental and hydrological data with isotopic analysis (δ18O, δ13C, and 14C) of live-collected specimens to explore the interpretability of geochemical proxies derived from G. erosa. Results suggest a number of factors may impact geochemical markers in unpredictable ways, eroding the usefulness of associated interpretations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="31915905"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31915905"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31915905; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31915905]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31915905]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31915905; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='31915905']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31915905, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=31915905]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":31915905,"title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Isotope signals derived from molluscan shell carbonates allow researchers to investigate palaeoenvironments and the timing and periodicity of depositional events. However, it cannot be assumed that all molluscan taxa provide equally useful data owing to species-specific biological and ecological traits. The Mud Shell, Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786) (syn. Polymesoda coaxans, syn. Polymesoda erosa), an infaunal mangrove bivalve, is a common component of archaeological deposits along Australia's tropical north coast and throughout the Indo-West Pacific. The ubiquity of G. erosa has led to numerous researchers incorporating this taxon into interpretations of associated deposits, particularly in the generation of radiocarbon chronologies and as a palaeoenvironmental proxy. Despite this, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of G. erosa physiology and ecology on associated geochemical signals. Adaptations allowing the survival of this species within its highly changeable mangrove environment may introduce complexities into radiocarbon and environmental data archived within its shell. This study combines local environmental and hydrological data with isotopic analysis (δ18O, δ13C, and 14C) of live-collected specimens to explore the interpretability of geochemical proxies derived from G. erosa. Results suggest a number of factors may impact geochemical markers in unpredictable ways, eroding the usefulness of associated interpretations."},"translated_abstract":"Isotope signals derived from molluscan shell carbonates allow researchers to investigate palaeoenvironments and the timing and periodicity of depositional events. However, it cannot be assumed that all molluscan taxa provide equally useful data owing to species-specific biological and ecological traits. The Mud Shell, Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786) (syn. Polymesoda coaxans, syn. Polymesoda erosa), an infaunal mangrove bivalve, is a common component of archaeological deposits along Australia's tropical north coast and throughout the Indo-West Pacific. The ubiquity of G. erosa has led to numerous researchers incorporating this taxon into interpretations of associated deposits, particularly in the generation of radiocarbon chronologies and as a palaeoenvironmental proxy. Despite this, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of G. erosa physiology and ecology on associated geochemical signals. Adaptations allowing the survival of this species within its highly changeable mangrove environment may introduce complexities into radiocarbon and environmental data archived within its shell. This study combines local environmental and hydrological data with isotopic analysis (δ18O, δ13C, and 14C) of live-collected specimens to explore the interpretability of geochemical proxies derived from G. erosa. Results suggest a number of factors may impact geochemical markers in unpredictable ways, eroding the usefulness of associated interpretations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31915905/Complexities_in_the_palaeoenvironmental_and_archaeological_interpretation_of_isotopic_analyses_of_the_Mud_Shell_Geloina_erosa_Lightfoot_1786_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-03-18T00:05:36.992-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2290582,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":28077305,"work_id":31915905,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":4237721,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***e@my.jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":0,"name":"Robin Twaddle","title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)"},{"id":28077306,"work_id":31915905,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":847754,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***r@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":4194304,"name":"Christopher Wurster","title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)"},{"id":28077307,"work_id":31915905,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":6291456,"name":"michael bird","title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Complexities_in_the_palaeoenvironmental_and_archaeological_interpretation_of_isotopic_analyses_of_the_Mud_Shell_Geloina_erosa_Lightfoot_1786_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2290582,"first_name":"Sean","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ulm","page_name":"SeanUlm","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-11T14:47:22.598-07:00","display_name":"Sean Ulm","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":1653,"name":"Archaeomalacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeomalacology"},{"id":1703,"name":"Stable Isotope Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Analysis"},{"id":2109,"name":"Environmental Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Archaeology"},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science"},{"id":5346,"name":"Archaeological Method \u0026 Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory"},{"id":5439,"name":"Australian Indigenous Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_Indigenous_Archaeology"},{"id":6450,"name":"Malacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology"},{"id":7959,"name":"Stable Isotope Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Geochemistry"},{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry"},{"id":14492,"name":"Coastal and Island Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_and_Island_Archaeology"},{"id":45999,"name":"Australian archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_archaeology"},{"id":54252,"name":"Archaeological Method and Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory-2"},{"id":70250,"name":"Archaeology of shell middens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_shell_middens"},{"id":98370,"name":"Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeoenvironmental_Reconstruction"},{"id":112668,"name":"Radiocarbon Dating (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiocarbon_Dating_Archaeology_"},{"id":136823,"name":"Sclerochronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sclerochronology"},{"id":214390,"name":"Shell middens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shell_middens"},{"id":318646,"name":"Malacology (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology_Archaeology_"}],"urls":[{"id":8011611,"url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X16307878"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22317328"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22317328/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22317328/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia">Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/KaluDavies">Kalu Davies</a> and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Soil Research</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potential...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22317328"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22317328"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22317328; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22317328]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22317328]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22317328; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22317328']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22317328, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22317328]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22317328,"title":"Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Soil Research"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. 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class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="19467956"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/19467956/The_Niah_Cave_Project_the_fourth_2003_season_of_fieldwork"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The Niah Cave Project: the fourth (2003) season of fieldwork" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/19467956/The_Niah_Cave_Project_the_fourth_2003_season_of_fieldwork">The Niah Cave Project: the fourth (2003) season of fieldwork</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JessicaManser">Jessica Manser</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://leicester.academia.edu/HuwBarton">Huw Barton</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ucd.academia.edu/HelenLewis">Helen Lewis</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://qub.academia.edu/RyanRabett">Ryan Rabett</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ucl.academia.edu/FrancaCole">Franca Cole</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sarawak museum journal</span><span>, 2003</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">RefDoc Refdoc est un service / is powered by. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item 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href="https://ucl.academia.edu/FrancaCole">Franca Cole</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JessicaManser">Jessica Manser</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sarawak museum journal</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">RefDoc Refdoc est un service / is powered by. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="19390405"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item 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Munksgaard</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0fcd43bd4299ae2afc3574076650b622" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42957565,"asset_id":22317327,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42957565/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22317327"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22317327"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22317327; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22317327]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22317327]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22317327; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22317327']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22317327, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0fcd43bd4299ae2afc3574076650b622" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22317327]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22317327,"title":"Field-based cavity ring-down spectrometry of δ 13 C in soil-respired CO 2","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Measurement of soil-respired CO 2 at high temporal resolution and sample density is necessary to accurately identify sources and quantify effluxes of soil-respired CO 2 . 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I. et al. Terrestrial vegetation change inferred from n-alkane 13C analysis in the marine environment. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 2853-2857" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891998/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22241002/Bird_M_I_et_al_Terrestrial_vegetation_change_inferred_from_n_alkane_13C_analysis_in_the_marine_environment_Geochim_Cosmochim_Acta_59_2853_2857">Bird, M. I. et al. Terrestrial vegetation change inferred from n-alkane 13C analysis in the marine environment. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 2853-2857</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="33b02169124592ee64ac296213771f3a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42891998,"asset_id":22241002,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891998/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22241002"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22241002"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22241002; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22241002]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22241002]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22241002; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22241002']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22241002, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "33b02169124592ee64ac296213771f3a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22241002]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22241002,"title":"Bird, M. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22241000"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22241000/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pyrogenic carbon from tropical savanna burning: production and stable isotope composition" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42892001/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22241000/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition">Pyrogenic carbon from tropical savanna burning: production and stable isotope composition</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biogeosciences</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bdf92b7e92529cee42e0c9ba76f5a703" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42892001,"asset_id":22241000,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42892001/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22241000"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22241000"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22241000; 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PyC is a significant, pervasive and yet poorly understood \"slow-cycling\" form of carbon present in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, soils and sediments. We conducted 16 experimental burns on a rainfall transect through northern Australian savannas with C 4 grasses ranging from 35 to 99 % of total biomass. Residues from each fire were partitioned into PyC and further into recalcitrant (HyPyC) components, with each of these fluxes also partitioned into proximal components (\u003e 125 µm), likely to remain close to the site of burning, and distal components (\u003c 125 µm), likely to be transported from the site of burning. The median (range) PyC production across all burns was 16.0 (11.5) % of total carbon exposed (TCE), with HyPyC accounting for 2.5 (4.9) % of TCE. Both PyC and HyPyC were dominantly partitioned into the proximal flux. Production of HyPyC was strongly related to fire residence time, with shorter duration fires resulting in higher HyPyC yields. The carbon isotope (δ 13 C) compositions of PyC and HyPyC were generally lower by 1-3 ‰ relative to the original biomass, with marked depletion up to 7 ‰ for grasslands dominated by C 4 biomass. δ 13 C values of CO 2 produced by combustion were computed by mass balance and ranged from ∼ 0.4 to 1.3 ‰. The depletion of 13 C in PyC and HyPyC relative to the original biomass has significant implications for the interpretation of δ 13 C values of savanna soil organic carbon and of ancient PyC preserved in the geologic record, as well as for global 13 C isotopic disequilibria calculations.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biogeosciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42892001},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22241000/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:35.392-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42892001,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42892001/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42892001/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42892001/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w-libre.pdf?1456042151=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=A1Qeh62LEnFDVe60i9jX75eHLjtUTkq-Bf-SPmKzdsz6jfX~qBqV3T90qxZnWVZFlSC1rsxQEJzjtIxi8lwpS8dz7-2aPvSXe0vJe~kUrGIm6FOH47fEwr0EmhDBZqhJS9cA2B0TBql16BLGu4L0F2-yWY7RmyGscqZVaArW0tvbSR77~0y3dkW9MrItq7cdzry3agwANeqSTAdwW-ej1CBg7iqcL9IOl6NW944Yj6CuVsmbMmijiEl1hwYCD8aU7bDgHprcgVAMXUWQuUOgg7~v2oiGoTdKw7UQ0ytJQ0RofZVZ3babdhzA8yaxBcNKNS80re7jPv~v~6zOZEgGoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42892001,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42892001/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42892001/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42892001/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w-libre.pdf?1456042151=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=A1Qeh62LEnFDVe60i9jX75eHLjtUTkq-Bf-SPmKzdsz6jfX~qBqV3T90qxZnWVZFlSC1rsxQEJzjtIxi8lwpS8dz7-2aPvSXe0vJe~kUrGIm6FOH47fEwr0EmhDBZqhJS9cA2B0TBql16BLGu4L0F2-yWY7RmyGscqZVaArW0tvbSR77~0y3dkW9MrItq7cdzry3agwANeqSTAdwW-ej1CBg7iqcL9IOl6NW944Yj6CuVsmbMmijiEl1hwYCD8aU7bDgHprcgVAMXUWQuUOgg7~v2oiGoTdKw7UQ0ytJQ0RofZVZ3babdhzA8yaxBcNKNS80re7jPv~v~6zOZEgGoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":400,"name":"Earth Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences"},{"id":151321,"name":"Biogeosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biogeosciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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The 31 regions covered the full range of climate experienced in Australia including temperature extremes from Katherine in the Northern Territory to Cape Grim in Tasmania, and rainfall extremes from desert sand hills in the interior to tropical rainforests of the east coast of Queensland. A genetic algorithm was used to calibrate generic parameters describing ecosystem attributes such as N inputs, N loss after fire, and plant growth sensitivity to temperature. In addition one or two site specific parameters relating to fire frequency were calibrated for each individual site. The model was spun up for a period of at least 5000 years to equilibrate isotope pools. Atmospheric δ 13 C and δ 14 C concentrations were varied annually to incorporate the Seuss effect and bomb pulse C. The modified model was able to describe the variation across sites in terms of C, N, δ 13 C and δ 14 C reasonably well but with some exceptions. Simulated NPP was close to estimates obtained independently from remotely sensed data. Following model calibration, climate change scenarios were run for 70 years in the future to assess the sensitivity of the tree-grass-soil system to future climate and increasing atmospheric CO 2 .","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42891997},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22240999/_NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sandy_soils_in_Australia_using_a_soil_carbon_model_calibrated_to_measurements_of_soil_carbon_nitrogen_and_carbon_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:35.027-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42891997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891997/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891997/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891997/NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z-libre.pdf?1456042150=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=KPSYhdML3~TlWbOfUIQ8cjY7fX7ICwUmGQ5hCqT8WPtU~MqxeGgDeE13QULLOMyRt9UDO-YNpCIFVc-vT0tVy6lAA08L5JesdMZ~~N~DZZwKUqbQQASOt1sKjs-bhO8djtq4BO7kJo4TDvi5~ptnVb-ETeRABfnihWUN3W1Zq~QLAED25gtM0e1023RXUGQTdY7aWU4Sij~BHUFirlLnXnXqqKQcl1Wpgjqu~eJRVAmoxqdazxt3avaEg7ZmpM3jMIVHo24FUoAXtZtaUyLJlGwz3MWlJgWgcG19Nezu5wNdkCJ7gr0v1-3HAxvkxUMJuDp7TOfFDtyKJtJYSitQ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"_NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sandy_soils_in_Australia_using_a_soil_carbon_model_calibrated_to_measurements_of_soil_carbon_nitrogen_and_carbon_","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42891997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891997/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891997/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891997/NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z-libre.pdf?1456042150=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=KPSYhdML3~TlWbOfUIQ8cjY7fX7ICwUmGQ5hCqT8WPtU~MqxeGgDeE13QULLOMyRt9UDO-YNpCIFVc-vT0tVy6lAA08L5JesdMZ~~N~DZZwKUqbQQASOt1sKjs-bhO8djtq4BO7kJo4TDvi5~ptnVb-ETeRABfnihWUN3W1Zq~QLAED25gtM0e1023RXUGQTdY7aWU4Sij~BHUFirlLnXnXqqKQcl1Wpgjqu~eJRVAmoxqdazxt3avaEg7ZmpM3jMIVHo24FUoAXtZtaUyLJlGwz3MWlJgWgcG19Nezu5wNdkCJ7gr0v1-3HAxvkxUMJuDp7TOfFDtyKJtJYSitQ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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From these flux estimates, the combined systems of the Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin (Salween) rivers are regarded as contributing 20% of the total flux of material from the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen and deliver it over a short length of coastline into the Gulf of Martaban in the eastern Indian Ocean. The estimates for the Ayeyarwady are taken from published quotes of a 19 th Century dataset (Gordon 1885) and there are no available published data for the Thanlwin. We present a re-analysis of the Ayeyarwady data from the original 550 page report of Gordon (1879) covering ten years of discharge (1869)(1870)(1871)(1872)(1873)(1874)(1875)(1876)(1877)(1878)(1879) and one year of sediment concentration measurements (1877) and demonstrate that the commonly cited values of sediment loads (and therefore chemical fluxes) are in error. Taken at face value, the sediment flux estimates are conservatively assessed as being underestimated by 18%, and possibly as much as 38%, due to omission of the fine particulate load. However, an early 20 th Century Ayeyarwady River engineer criticised Gordon's discharge measuring methods, suggesting they lead to over-estimation of both water and sediment fluxes. These two opposing uncertainties require careful review. We describe the approaches employed, evaluate Gordon's measurements, calculations, and subsequent adjustments and present our revised interpretation of daily and annual discharges and sediment fluxes along with an estimate of uncertainty. Our re-evaluation suggests that the annual sediment flux from the Ayeyarwady-Thanlwin system may be significant for ocean geochemistry and estimation of denudation rates. The new values suggest that the Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin rivers contribute half the present day Ganges-Brahmaputra flux to the Indian Ocean. The catchments of the Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin are affected by ongoing land-use change, and our recently collected water and sediment flux data suggest that modern sediment loads are lower than those in the late19 th Century.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42891995},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22240998/Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hydrology_and_sediment_load_data_for_the_ayeyarwady_river_myanmar","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:34.814-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42891995,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891995/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891995/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891995/Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj-libre.pdf?1456041962=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRe_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=WtsTBPixcu301LTKjLH6ruwUBHXSR7GWb2NSJl8oDpB7EUyBJykLtemMha5OtVLryVRFdscvXT1NRM5uqhTh-0r91zj6~yT~bv~X3a4tdXFuwCFoxpLQXtK0xGZN16KGHldMonicF8s5i0dugkH6RgH4l7lCl83MTkkcim84OMZ5oGidCVL-1tvQM7FCEHkCDLGgQFiyAbR5i~MptLxGyaR0I6HhXbTjWYqCg9N-nKRF81RRnkzVXpk2LK8pgcWiOMHANpKJe7uIJCzj3moGiYi96QAADPBGNjvI3DpssxxAt3BVlpObnu8ZMLC~mvFyi5MORoZH-dVZKiWHn~68OA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hydrology_and_sediment_load_data_for_the_ayeyarwady_river_myanmar","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42891995,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891995/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891995/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891995/Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj-libre.pdf?1456041962=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRe_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=WtsTBPixcu301LTKjLH6ruwUBHXSR7GWb2NSJl8oDpB7EUyBJykLtemMha5OtVLryVRFdscvXT1NRM5uqhTh-0r91zj6~yT~bv~X3a4tdXFuwCFoxpLQXtK0xGZN16KGHldMonicF8s5i0dugkH6RgH4l7lCl83MTkkcim84OMZ5oGidCVL-1tvQM7FCEHkCDLGgQFiyAbR5i~MptLxGyaR0I6HhXbTjWYqCg9N-nKRF81RRnkzVXpk2LK8pgcWiOMHANpKJe7uIJCzj3moGiYi96QAADPBGNjvI3DpssxxAt3BVlpObnu8ZMLC~mvFyi5MORoZH-dVZKiWHn~68OA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22240996"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22240996/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22240996/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia">Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Soil Research</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potential...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22240996"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22240996"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22240996; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22240996]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22240996]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22240996; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22240996']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22240996, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22240996]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22240996,"title":"Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Soil Research"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22240996/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:34.359-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":1605,"name":"Soil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22238999"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238999/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The gateway for terrestrial material entering the ocean" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889959/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238999/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean">The gateway for terrestrial material entering the ocean</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e8bf31ee9d65d20b068ecbfc6280f80d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42889959,"asset_id":22238999,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889959/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22238999"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22238999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22238999; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e8bf31ee9d65d20b068ecbfc6280f80d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22238999]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22238999,"title":"The gateway for terrestrial material entering the ocean","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_name":"Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22238999/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-20T21:57:04.208-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42889959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889959/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42889959/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v-libre.pdf?1456034324=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf\u0026Expires=1731743842\u0026Signature=T5XQnN5HhSNX8ppA0N5tBWe7FVBB7NH6ytozXic7cUhnupKav9cYu7UskIrSunMMzfh-6BlXpgI06keunMPeX3ILKdFtbpdQHIZjerOXYw4pB~k4pXrIW4xO8SbN6oysVB0atApIaMs9SVeEWfKyYsuXaEzAEKrEmaebt15sWH5NrAtpkHPlT7ExGMS08XADozNRsxP7FsHpFcKAEz2Big4itI7kmTeRLuO1ui4D1yFbZzpzPKGSRTa84z-1iVF1Rp7EDc4Oes6AUIGWaBYFYAchTHHNvkXx9TSsq4twnyD5k~WA33Qznp2VeLlwW6nV2cQkp-ZLbB3gCSQacIUFmg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42889959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889959/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42889959/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v-libre.pdf?1456034324=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf\u0026Expires=1731743842\u0026Signature=T5XQnN5HhSNX8ppA0N5tBWe7FVBB7NH6ytozXic7cUhnupKav9cYu7UskIrSunMMzfh-6BlXpgI06keunMPeX3ILKdFtbpdQHIZjerOXYw4pB~k4pXrIW4xO8SbN6oysVB0atApIaMs9SVeEWfKyYsuXaEzAEKrEmaebt15sWH5NrAtpkHPlT7ExGMS08XADozNRsxP7FsHpFcKAEz2Big4itI7kmTeRLuO1ui4D1yFbZzpzPKGSRTa84z-1iVF1Rp7EDc4Oes6AUIGWaBYFYAchTHHNvkXx9TSsq4twnyD5k~WA33Qznp2VeLlwW6nV2cQkp-ZLbB3gCSQacIUFmg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22238998"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238998/Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_the_past_6_million_years"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889958/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238998/Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_the_past_6_million_years">Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f098553ec7f37ad348b5e528c2d10112" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42889958,"asset_id":22238998,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889958/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22238998"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22238998"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22238998; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f098553ec7f37ad348b5e528c2d10112" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22238998]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22238998,"title":"Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The role of African savannahs in the evolution of early hominins has been debated for nearly a century. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by difficulty in quantifying the fraction of woody cover in the fossil record. Here we show that the fraction of woody cover in tropical ecosystems can be quantified using stable carbon isotopes in soils. Furthermore, we use fossil soils from hominin sites in the Awash and Omo-Turkana basins in eastern Africa to reconstruct the fraction of woody cover since the Late Miocene epoch (about 7 million years ago). 13 C/ 12 C ratio data from 1,300 palaeosols at or adjacent to hominin sites dating to at least 6 million years ago show that woody cover was predominantly less than 40% at most sites. These data point to the prevalence of open environments at the majority of hominin fossil sites in eastern Africa over the past 6 million years.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2011,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nature","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42889958},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22238998/Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_the_past_6_million_years","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-20T21:57:03.968-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42889958,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889958/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_20160220-11522-1ls63nh.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889958/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42889958/Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_20160220-11522-1ls63nh-libre.pdf?1456034325=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DWoody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=P6DBJbNpWJqY2l2f1ZO1PLroFoxN7f70RGDoXDDlAen7ooO7wSlNhmHO9cOeZW1shqk1-gNuC4EgG7KqYUvfCjH0UahBsNhEWnbVNGNnPse91bR9aDHR3MIdpBPTJ0Rb~m-JrYGuuV-4sE7l-RjfxDcn9M-BTXTUyZ1dKCtNAb4NHmPGuLormDL-WzbHWH8lX1HtN7MgzcXD1yS4T2GYeucz948AIIUF7~Shqlsc3h00BeJ3bdpB922Ofx3qWZaZPKJVzCyyM9F8WJB2~8GLJl2m4lk-KEwNJNAkYVvjLVOYJ88mn0IV5vYKn2mX9JHDqSlvmGfz0R23B1dXh8GJ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_the_past_6_million_years","translated_slug":"","page_count":6,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael 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Dynamics","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Population_Dynamics"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"},{"id":33319,"name":"Nature","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Nature"},{"id":57423,"name":"Fossil record","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossil_record"},{"id":60256,"name":"Gait","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Gait"},{"id":70263,"name":"Eastern Africa","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Eastern_Africa"},{"id":71578,"name":"Wood","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wood"},{"id":77500,"name":"Late Miocene","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Late_Miocene"},{"id":78117,"name":"Carbon Isotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Carbon_Isotopes"},{"id":80279,"name":"Wilderness","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Wilderness"},{"id":90326,"name":"Fossils","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Fossils"},{"id":96893,"name":"Calibration","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Calibration"},{"id":176238,"name":"Trees","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Trees"},{"id":191815,"name":"Biological evolution","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_evolution"},{"id":210814,"name":"Poaceae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Poaceae"},{"id":373754,"name":"Ecosystem","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Ecosystem"},{"id":519447,"name":"Hominidae","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hominidae"},{"id":906876,"name":"Tropical Climate","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Tropical_Climate"},{"id":1905343,"name":"Plant 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text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615342/Minimum_founding_populations_for_the_first_peopling_of_Sahul">Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://flinders.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rikSaltr%C3%A9">Frédérik Saltré</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature Ecology and Evolution</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owin...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owing to a fragmented archaeological record. However, quantifying the plausible demographic context of this founding population is essential to determine how and why the initial peopling of Sahul occurred. We developed a stochastic, age-structured model using demographic rates from hunter-gatherer societies, and relative carrying capacity hindcasted with LOVECLIM’s net primary productivity for northern Sahul. We projected these populations to determine the resilience and minimum sizes required to avoid extinction. A census founding population of between 1,300 and 1,550 individuals was necessary to maintain a quasi-extinction threshold of ≲0.1. This minimum founding population could have arrived at a single point in time, or through multiple voyages of ≥130 people over ~700–900 years. This result shows that substantial population amalgamation in Sunda and Wallacea in Marine Isotope Stages 3–4 provided the conditions for the successful, large-scale and probably planned peopling of Sahul.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39615342"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39615342"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615342; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615342]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615342]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615342; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39615342']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39615342, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39615342]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39615342,"title":"Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1038/s41559-019-0902-6","abstract":"The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owing to a fragmented archaeological record. However, quantifying the plausible demographic context of this founding population is essential to determine how and why the initial peopling of Sahul occurred. We developed a stochastic, age-structured model using demographic rates from hunter-gatherer societies, and relative carrying capacity hindcasted with LOVECLIM’s net primary productivity for northern Sahul. We projected these populations to determine the resilience and minimum sizes required to avoid extinction. A census founding population of between 1,300 and 1,550 individuals was necessary to maintain a quasi-extinction threshold of ≲0.1. This minimum founding population could have arrived at a single point in time, or through multiple voyages of ≥130 people over ~700–900 years. This result shows that substantial population amalgamation in Sunda and Wallacea in Marine Isotope Stages 3–4 provided the conditions for the successful, large-scale and probably planned peopling of Sahul.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Nature Ecology and Evolution"},"translated_abstract":"The timing, context and nature of the first people to enter Sahul is still poorly understood owing to a fragmented archaeological record. However, quantifying the plausible demographic context of this founding population is essential to determine how and why the initial peopling of Sahul occurred. We developed a stochastic, age-structured model using demographic rates from hunter-gatherer societies, and relative carrying capacity hindcasted with LOVECLIM’s net primary productivity for northern Sahul. We projected these populations to determine the resilience and minimum sizes required to avoid extinction. A census founding population of between 1,300 and 1,550 individuals was necessary to maintain a quasi-extinction threshold of ≲0.1. This minimum founding population could have arrived at a single point in time, or through multiple voyages of ≥130 people over ~700–900 years. This result shows that substantial population amalgamation in Sunda and Wallacea in Marine Isotope Stages 3–4 provided the conditions for the successful, large-scale and probably planned peopling of Sahul.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39615342/Minimum_founding_populations_for_the_first_peopling_of_Sahul","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-06-17T16:14:10.572-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2290582,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32741722,"work_id":39615342,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":1944301,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"a***s@hotmail.com","affiliation":"The University of New South Wales","display_order":4194304,"name":"Alan Williams","title":"Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul"},{"id":32741723,"work_id":39615342,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":6291456,"name":"michael bird","title":"Minimum founding populations for the first peopling of Sahul"},{"id":32741724,"work_id":39615342,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":null,"co_author_invite_id":157300,"email":"r***b@uow.edu.au","display_order":7340032,"name":"Richard G. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="39615227"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615227/Early_human_settlement_of_Sahul_was_not_an_accident"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/59772134/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/39615227/Early_human_settlement_of_Sahul_was_not_an_accident">Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://flinders.academia.edu/Fr%C3%A9d%C3%A9rikSaltr%C3%A9">Frédérik Saltré</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Scientific Reports</span><span>, 2019</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is <5% until ≥40 adults are 'washed off' an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of 'bottleneck' crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago. Increased attention to maritime landscapes over the last two decades has re-invigorated investigation into the role of coastal environments and sea travel in the behavioural evolution of our species. New evidence has fundamentally changed our understanding of the cognitive capacity of anatomically modern humans 1,2 , genetic ancestry 3 , dispersal patterns from Africa 4 and the peopling of new environments 5,6. However, the role of coastlines and coastal resources in the dispersal of modern humans has been much debated. Proponents of a coastal migration model for H. sapiens out of Africa argue that coastlines would have provided for a fast, directional population expansion with predictable resources and supplies of potable water 7. Those opposing, point out that there is little direct evidence to support a coastal-highway hypothesis and that there is evidence that early humans were able to make use of savanna and rainforest environments 2,8. More recent papers propose a less dichotomous model featuring flexibility, involving use of coasts and estuaries, but not exclusively relying on them 4,5,9. Whatever the reality, it is clear that the ability to make even rudimentary watercraft and move directionally over water, both across large rivers and in traversing unknown sections of coastline, would have given H. sapiens a selective advantage over other hominins. Australia and the islands to its north (the Wallacean Archipelago) have been at the forefront of this debate because the maritime crossing from Sunda to Sahul requires lengthy water crossings that appear to have been beyond the capacity of earlier hominins.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="9a969782a2b706cad57ac20f9d54597d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":59772134,"asset_id":39615227,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/59772134/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&st=MTczMjgyOTQ2OSw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="39615227"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="39615227"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615227; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615227]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=39615227]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 39615227; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='39615227']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 39615227, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "9a969782a2b706cad57ac20f9d54597d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=39615227]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":39615227,"title":"Early human settlement of Sahul was not an accident","translated_title":"","metadata":{"doi":"10.1038/s41598-019-42946-9","abstract":"The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is \u003c5% until ≥40 adults are 'washed off' an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of 'bottleneck' crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago. Increased attention to maritime landscapes over the last two decades has re-invigorated investigation into the role of coastal environments and sea travel in the behavioural evolution of our species. New evidence has fundamentally changed our understanding of the cognitive capacity of anatomically modern humans 1,2 , genetic ancestry 3 , dispersal patterns from Africa 4 and the peopling of new environments 5,6. However, the role of coastlines and coastal resources in the dispersal of modern humans has been much debated. Proponents of a coastal migration model for H. sapiens out of Africa argue that coastlines would have provided for a fast, directional population expansion with predictable resources and supplies of potable water 7. Those opposing, point out that there is little direct evidence to support a coastal-highway hypothesis and that there is evidence that early humans were able to make use of savanna and rainforest environments 2,8. More recent papers propose a less dichotomous model featuring flexibility, involving use of coasts and estuaries, but not exclusively relying on them 4,5,9. Whatever the reality, it is clear that the ability to make even rudimentary watercraft and move directionally over water, both across large rivers and in traversing unknown sections of coastline, would have given H. sapiens a selective advantage over other hominins. Australia and the islands to its north (the Wallacean Archipelago) have been at the forefront of this debate because the maritime crossing from Sunda to Sahul requires lengthy water crossings that appear to have been beyond the capacity of earlier hominins.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2019,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Scientific Reports"},"translated_abstract":"The first peopling of Sahul (Australia, New Guinea and the Aru Islands joined at lower sea levels) by anatomically modern humans required multiple maritime crossings through Wallacea, with at least one approaching 100 km. Whether these crossings were accidental or intentional is unknown. Using coastal-viewshed analysis and ocean drift modelling combined with population projections, we show that the probability of randomly reaching Sahul by any route is \u003c5% until ≥40 adults are 'washed off' an island at least once every 20 years. We then demonstrate that choosing a time of departure and making minimal headway (0.5 knots) toward a destination greatly increases the likelihood of arrival. While drift modelling demonstrates the existence of 'bottleneck' crossings on all routes, arrival via New Guinea is more likely than via northwestern Australia. We conclude that anatomically modern humans had the capacity to plan and make open-sea voyages lasting several days by at least 50,000 years ago. Increased attention to maritime landscapes over the last two decades has re-invigorated investigation into the role of coastal environments and sea travel in the behavioural evolution of our species. New evidence has fundamentally changed our understanding of the cognitive capacity of anatomically modern humans 1,2 , genetic ancestry 3 , dispersal patterns from Africa 4 and the peopling of new environments 5,6. However, the role of coastlines and coastal resources in the dispersal of modern humans has been much debated. Proponents of a coastal migration model for H. sapiens out of Africa argue that coastlines would have provided for a fast, directional population expansion with predictable resources and supplies of potable water 7. Those opposing, point out that there is little direct evidence to support a coastal-highway hypothesis and that there is evidence that early humans were able to make use of savanna and rainforest environments 2,8. More recent papers propose a less dichotomous model featuring flexibility, involving use of coasts and estuaries, but not exclusively relying on them 4,5,9. Whatever the reality, it is clear that the ability to make even rudimentary watercraft and move directionally over water, both across large rivers and in traversing unknown sections of coastline, would have given H. sapiens a selective advantage over other hominins. Australia and the islands to its north (the Wallacean Archipelago) have been at the forefront of this debate because the maritime crossing from Sunda to Sahul requires lengthy water crossings that appear to have been beyond the capacity of earlier hominins.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/39615227/Early_human_settlement_of_Sahul_was_not_an_accident","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2019-06-17T15:47:22.208-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2290582,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":32741702,"work_id":39615227,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":-5,"name":"michael bird","title":"Early human settlement of Sahul was not an 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climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55189830/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/35328493/The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of_Acacia_cambagei_gidgee_for_semi_arid_regions_of_Australia_using_stable_isotopes_and_elemental_abundances">The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uq.academia.edu/BWitt">B. Witt</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://ansto.academia.edu/PatriciaGadd">Patricia Gadd</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of Australia it is necessary to investigate the potential climate signals in tree species in this large region. Using a stable isotope and x-ray fluorescence approach to dendrochronology in Acacia cambagei, this study demonstrates short (10 years) proxies of temperature and precipitation are possible. Because rings in A. cambagei are difficult to see, precluding traditional dendrochronology, we used elemental abundances of Ca and Sr as an annual chronometer back to 1962. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed that our dating of wood from two trees. We compared d 13 C and d 18 O from the a-cellulose of the dated wood over the most recent 10 years (n ¼ 10) to local climate records demonstrating significant relationships between d 18 O and precipitation (r ¼ À0.85, p < 0.002); mean monthly maximum temperature (r ¼ 0.69, p < 0.03); and drought indexes (CRU scPDSI 0.5 , r ¼ À0.89, p < 0.001) for February and March. Acacia cambagei may be useful in developing regional networks of climate proxies for drought. Using modern trees, in combination with architectural timbers, it may be possible to construct a multi-century, annually-resolved proxy-record of rainfall and temperature for semi-arid northeastern Australia.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e602539ebbea162c19e44ba3545f4498" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":55189830,"asset_id":35328493,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55189830/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="35328493"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="35328493"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35328493; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35328493]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=35328493]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 35328493; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='35328493']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 35328493, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e602539ebbea162c19e44ba3545f4498" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=35328493]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":35328493,"title":"The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of Australia it is necessary to investigate the potential climate signals in tree species in this large region. Using a stable isotope and x-ray fluorescence approach to dendrochronology in Acacia cambagei, this study demonstrates short (10 years) proxies of temperature and precipitation are possible. Because rings in A. cambagei are difficult to see, precluding traditional dendrochronology, we used elemental abundances of Ca and Sr as an annual chronometer back to 1962. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed that our dating of wood from two trees. We compared d 13 C and d 18 O from the a-cellulose of the dated wood over the most recent 10 years (n ¼ 10) to local climate records demonstrating significant relationships between d 18 O and precipitation (r ¼ À0.85, p \u003c 0.002); mean monthly maximum temperature (r ¼ 0.69, p \u003c 0.03); and drought indexes (CRU scPDSI 0.5 , r ¼ À0.89, p \u003c 0.001) for February and March. Acacia cambagei may be useful in developing regional networks of climate proxies for drought. Using modern trees, in combination with architectural timbers, it may be possible to construct a multi-century, annually-resolved proxy-record of rainfall and temperature for semi-arid northeastern Australia."},"translated_abstract":"To provide multi-centennial, annually-resolved records of climate for arid and semi-arid areas of Australia it is necessary to investigate the potential climate signals in tree species in this large region. Using a stable isotope and x-ray fluorescence approach to dendrochronology in Acacia cambagei, this study demonstrates short (10 years) proxies of temperature and precipitation are possible. Because rings in A. cambagei are difficult to see, precluding traditional dendrochronology, we used elemental abundances of Ca and Sr as an annual chronometer back to 1962. Radiocarbon analysis confirmed that our dating of wood from two trees. We compared d 13 C and d 18 O from the a-cellulose of the dated wood over the most recent 10 years (n ¼ 10) to local climate records demonstrating significant relationships between d 18 O and precipitation (r ¼ À0.85, p \u003c 0.002); mean monthly maximum temperature (r ¼ 0.69, p \u003c 0.03); and drought indexes (CRU scPDSI 0.5 , r ¼ À0.89, p \u003c 0.001) for February and March. Acacia cambagei may be useful in developing regional networks of climate proxies for drought. Using modern trees, in combination with architectural timbers, it may be possible to construct a multi-century, annually-resolved proxy-record of rainfall and temperature for semi-arid northeastern Australia.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/35328493/The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of_Acacia_cambagei_gidgee_for_semi_arid_regions_of_Australia_using_stable_isotopes_and_elemental_abundances","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-12-03T20:34:03.948-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":53749077,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":30731890,"work_id":35328493,"tagging_user_id":53749077,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":1,"name":"michael bird","title":"The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances"},{"id":30731892,"work_id":35328493,"tagging_user_id":53749077,"tagged_user_id":2237692,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"p***p@ansto.gov.au","affiliation":"Australian Nuclear Science and Technology Organization","display_order":3,"name":"Patricia Gadd","title":"The climate reconstruction potential of Acacia cambagei (gidgee) for semi-arid regions of Australia using stable isotopes and elemental abundances"}],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":55189830,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55189830/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Witt_et_al_2017_JAE_136.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55189830/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55189830/Witt_et_al_2017_JAE_136-libre.pdf?1512362254=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_climate_reconstruction_potential_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793090\u0026Signature=DGxe~2uhZ7FLq0CXPVCEnMgQXXSksxYnh~shcrfauRppRwlVdkK5hwEiKqtv3ZE3EOce3l8bw1S~dloNXq4yM8vF9P1Fr8eqrk~W3Q9BdXX94bnF98CJtRO~qOha8LnBUP0ohF0T0t8d-PFs-uvn6bHlFu1tHiaPFaaJg37bfcE9KeseJS8uFQLi3JB4Ec7za2OoGdJAoIWW2WI2fqAwLrTRoZf8O8xeJM3PZ0JrrVdbHPgNPaveZesNhz6m1WWqKJDJCq8vZTbpjHgY6hLUqiId9W8bbvEzGwu1MeNVPvicyCAiUUCdiWhlMpkA0F2cu9vii6qUe7CFWT3wUfkSXQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of_Acacia_cambagei_gidgee_for_semi_arid_regions_of_Australia_using_stable_isotopes_and_elemental_abundances","translated_slug":"","page_count":9,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":53749077,"first_name":"B.","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Witt","page_name":"BWitt","domain_name":"uq","created_at":"2016-09-21T00:23:50.504-07:00","display_name":"B. Witt","url":"https://uq.academia.edu/BWitt"},"attachments":[{"id":55189830,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/55189830/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Witt_et_al_2017_JAE_136.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/55189830/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_climate_reconstruction_potential_of.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/55189830/Witt_et_al_2017_JAE_136-libre.pdf?1512362254=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_climate_reconstruction_potential_of.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793090\u0026Signature=DGxe~2uhZ7FLq0CXPVCEnMgQXXSksxYnh~shcrfauRppRwlVdkK5hwEiKqtv3ZE3EOce3l8bw1S~dloNXq4yM8vF9P1Fr8eqrk~W3Q9BdXX94bnF98CJtRO~qOha8LnBUP0ohF0T0t8d-PFs-uvn6bHlFu1tHiaPFaaJg37bfcE9KeseJS8uFQLi3JB4Ec7za2OoGdJAoIWW2WI2fqAwLrTRoZf8O8xeJM3PZ0JrrVdbHPgNPaveZesNhz6m1WWqKJDJCq8vZTbpjHgY6hLUqiId9W8bbvEzGwu1MeNVPvicyCAiUUCdiWhlMpkA0F2cu9vii6qUe7CFWT3wUfkSXQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":9117,"name":"Dendrochronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Dendrochronology"},{"id":199661,"name":"Acacia","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Acacia"},{"id":254567,"name":"Climate Reconstruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Climate_Reconstruction"},{"id":628760,"name":"Semi-arid Environments","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Semi-arid_Environments"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="31915905"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/31915905/Complexities_in_the_palaeoenvironmental_and_archaeological_interpretation_of_isotopic_analyses_of_the_Mud_Shell_Geloina_erosa_Lightfoot_1786_"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/31915905/Complexities_in_the_palaeoenvironmental_and_archaeological_interpretation_of_isotopic_analyses_of_the_Mud_Shell_Geloina_erosa_Lightfoot_1786_">Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/RobinTwaddle">Robin Twaddle</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/ChristopherWurster">Christopher Wurster</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Isotope signals derived from molluscan shell carbonates allow researchers to investigate palaeoen...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Isotope signals derived from molluscan shell carbonates allow researchers to investigate palaeoenvironments and the timing and periodicity of depositional events. However, it cannot be assumed that all molluscan taxa provide equally useful data owing to species-specific biological and ecological traits. The Mud Shell, Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786) (syn. Polymesoda coaxans, syn. Polymesoda erosa), an infaunal mangrove bivalve, is a common component of archaeological deposits along Australia's tropical north coast and throughout the Indo-West Pacific. The ubiquity of G. erosa has led to numerous researchers incorporating this taxon into interpretations of associated deposits, particularly in the generation of radiocarbon chronologies and as a palaeoenvironmental proxy. Despite this, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of G. erosa physiology and ecology on associated geochemical signals. Adaptations allowing the survival of this species within its highly changeable mangrove environment may introduce complexities into radiocarbon and environmental data archived within its shell. This study combines local environmental and hydrological data with isotopic analysis (δ18O, δ13C, and 14C) of live-collected specimens to explore the interpretability of geochemical proxies derived from G. erosa. Results suggest a number of factors may impact geochemical markers in unpredictable ways, eroding the usefulness of associated interpretations.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="31915905"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="31915905"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31915905; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31915905]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=31915905]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 31915905; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='31915905']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 31915905, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=31915905]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":31915905,"title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Isotope signals derived from molluscan shell carbonates allow researchers to investigate palaeoenvironments and the timing and periodicity of depositional events. However, it cannot be assumed that all molluscan taxa provide equally useful data owing to species-specific biological and ecological traits. The Mud Shell, Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786) (syn. Polymesoda coaxans, syn. Polymesoda erosa), an infaunal mangrove bivalve, is a common component of archaeological deposits along Australia's tropical north coast and throughout the Indo-West Pacific. The ubiquity of G. erosa has led to numerous researchers incorporating this taxon into interpretations of associated deposits, particularly in the generation of radiocarbon chronologies and as a palaeoenvironmental proxy. Despite this, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of G. erosa physiology and ecology on associated geochemical signals. Adaptations allowing the survival of this species within its highly changeable mangrove environment may introduce complexities into radiocarbon and environmental data archived within its shell. This study combines local environmental and hydrological data with isotopic analysis (δ18O, δ13C, and 14C) of live-collected specimens to explore the interpretability of geochemical proxies derived from G. erosa. Results suggest a number of factors may impact geochemical markers in unpredictable ways, eroding the usefulness of associated interpretations."},"translated_abstract":"Isotope signals derived from molluscan shell carbonates allow researchers to investigate palaeoenvironments and the timing and periodicity of depositional events. However, it cannot be assumed that all molluscan taxa provide equally useful data owing to species-specific biological and ecological traits. The Mud Shell, Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786) (syn. Polymesoda coaxans, syn. Polymesoda erosa), an infaunal mangrove bivalve, is a common component of archaeological deposits along Australia's tropical north coast and throughout the Indo-West Pacific. The ubiquity of G. erosa has led to numerous researchers incorporating this taxon into interpretations of associated deposits, particularly in the generation of radiocarbon chronologies and as a palaeoenvironmental proxy. Despite this, concerns have been expressed regarding the impact of G. erosa physiology and ecology on associated geochemical signals. Adaptations allowing the survival of this species within its highly changeable mangrove environment may introduce complexities into radiocarbon and environmental data archived within its shell. This study combines local environmental and hydrological data with isotopic analysis (δ18O, δ13C, and 14C) of live-collected specimens to explore the interpretability of geochemical proxies derived from G. erosa. Results suggest a number of factors may impact geochemical markers in unpredictable ways, eroding the usefulness of associated interpretations.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/31915905/Complexities_in_the_palaeoenvironmental_and_archaeological_interpretation_of_isotopic_analyses_of_the_Mud_Shell_Geloina_erosa_Lightfoot_1786_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2017-03-18T00:05:36.992-07:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2290582,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[{"id":28077305,"work_id":31915905,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":4237721,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"r***e@my.jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":0,"name":"Robin Twaddle","title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)"},{"id":28077306,"work_id":31915905,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":847754,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***r@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":4194304,"name":"Christopher Wurster","title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)"},{"id":28077307,"work_id":31915905,"tagging_user_id":2290582,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":6291456,"name":"michael bird","title":"Complexities in the palaeoenvironmental and archaeological interpretation of isotopic analyses of the Mud Shell Geloina erosa (Lightfoot, 1786)"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Complexities_in_the_palaeoenvironmental_and_archaeological_interpretation_of_isotopic_analyses_of_the_Mud_Shell_Geloina_erosa_Lightfoot_1786_","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2290582,"first_name":"Sean","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Ulm","page_name":"SeanUlm","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-11T14:47:22.598-07:00","display_name":"Sean Ulm","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":1653,"name":"Archaeomalacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeomalacology"},{"id":1703,"name":"Stable Isotope Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Analysis"},{"id":2109,"name":"Environmental Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Archaeology"},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science"},{"id":5346,"name":"Archaeological Method \u0026 Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory"},{"id":5439,"name":"Australian Indigenous Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_Indigenous_Archaeology"},{"id":6450,"name":"Malacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology"},{"id":7959,"name":"Stable Isotope Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Geochemistry"},{"id":12807,"name":"Archaeometry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeometry"},{"id":14492,"name":"Coastal and Island Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_and_Island_Archaeology"},{"id":45999,"name":"Australian archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_archaeology"},{"id":54252,"name":"Archaeological Method and Theory","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Method_and_Theory-2"},{"id":70250,"name":"Archaeology of shell middens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology_of_shell_middens"},{"id":98370,"name":"Palaeoenvironmental Reconstruction","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Palaeoenvironmental_Reconstruction"},{"id":112668,"name":"Radiocarbon Dating (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Radiocarbon_Dating_Archaeology_"},{"id":136823,"name":"Sclerochronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sclerochronology"},{"id":214390,"name":"Shell middens","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Shell_middens"},{"id":318646,"name":"Malacology (Archaeology)","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology_Archaeology_"}],"urls":[{"id":8011611,"url":"http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352409X16307878"}]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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href="https://ucl.academia.edu/FrancaCole">Franca Cole</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://independent.academia.edu/JessicaManser">Jessica Manser</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Sarawak museum journal</span><span>, 2002</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">RefDoc Refdoc est un service / is powered by. ...</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="19390405"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item 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Munksgaard</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Isotopes in Environmental and Health Studies</span><span>, 2013</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="0fcd43bd4299ae2afc3574076650b622" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42957565,"asset_id":22317327,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42957565/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22317327"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22317327"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22317327; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22317327]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22317327]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22317327; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22317327']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22317327, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "0fcd43bd4299ae2afc3574076650b622" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22317327]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22317327,"title":"Field-based cavity ring-down spectrometry of δ 13 C in soil-respired CO 2","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"Measurement of soil-respired CO 2 at high temporal resolution and sample density is necessary to accurately identify sources and quantify effluxes of soil-respired CO 2 . 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I. et al. Terrestrial vegetation change inferred from n-alkane 13C analysis in the marine environment. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 2853-2857" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891998/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22241002/Bird_M_I_et_al_Terrestrial_vegetation_change_inferred_from_n_alkane_13C_analysis_in_the_marine_environment_Geochim_Cosmochim_Acta_59_2853_2857">Bird, M. I. et al. Terrestrial vegetation change inferred from n-alkane 13C analysis in the marine environment. Geochim. Cosmochim. Acta 59, 2853-2857</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="33b02169124592ee64ac296213771f3a" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42891998,"asset_id":22241002,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891998/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22241002"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22241002"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22241002; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22241002]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22241002]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22241002; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22241002']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22241002, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "33b02169124592ee64ac296213771f3a" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22241002]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22241002,"title":"Bird, M. 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22241000"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22241000/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Pyrogenic carbon from tropical savanna burning: production and stable isotope composition" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42892001/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22241000/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition">Pyrogenic carbon from tropical savanna burning: production and stable isotope composition</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Biogeosciences</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="bdf92b7e92529cee42e0c9ba76f5a703" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42892001,"asset_id":22241000,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42892001/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22241000"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22241000"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22241000; 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PyC is a significant, pervasive and yet poorly understood \"slow-cycling\" form of carbon present in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, soils and sediments. We conducted 16 experimental burns on a rainfall transect through northern Australian savannas with C 4 grasses ranging from 35 to 99 % of total biomass. Residues from each fire were partitioned into PyC and further into recalcitrant (HyPyC) components, with each of these fluxes also partitioned into proximal components (\u003e 125 µm), likely to remain close to the site of burning, and distal components (\u003c 125 µm), likely to be transported from the site of burning. The median (range) PyC production across all burns was 16.0 (11.5) % of total carbon exposed (TCE), with HyPyC accounting for 2.5 (4.9) % of TCE. Both PyC and HyPyC were dominantly partitioned into the proximal flux. Production of HyPyC was strongly related to fire residence time, with shorter duration fires resulting in higher HyPyC yields. The carbon isotope (δ 13 C) compositions of PyC and HyPyC were generally lower by 1-3 ‰ relative to the original biomass, with marked depletion up to 7 ‰ for grasslands dominated by C 4 biomass. δ 13 C values of CO 2 produced by combustion were computed by mass balance and ranged from ∼ 0.4 to 1.3 ‰. The depletion of 13 C in PyC and HyPyC relative to the original biomass has significant implications for the interpretation of δ 13 C values of savanna soil organic carbon and of ancient PyC preserved in the geologic record, as well as for global 13 C isotopic disequilibria calculations.","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Biogeosciences","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42892001},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22241000/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:35.392-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42892001,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42892001/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42892001/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42892001/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w-libre.pdf?1456042151=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=A1Qeh62LEnFDVe60i9jX75eHLjtUTkq-Bf-SPmKzdsz6jfX~qBqV3T90qxZnWVZFlSC1rsxQEJzjtIxi8lwpS8dz7-2aPvSXe0vJe~kUrGIm6FOH47fEwr0EmhDBZqhJS9cA2B0TBql16BLGu4L0F2-yWY7RmyGscqZVaArW0tvbSR77~0y3dkW9MrItq7cdzry3agwANeqSTAdwW-ej1CBg7iqcL9IOl6NW944Yj6CuVsmbMmijiEl1hwYCD8aU7bDgHprcgVAMXUWQuUOgg7~v2oiGoTdKw7UQ0ytJQ0RofZVZ3babdhzA8yaxBcNKNS80re7jPv~v~6zOZEgGoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_burning_production_and_stable_isotope_composition","translated_slug":"","page_count":15,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42892001,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42892001/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42892001/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42892001/Pyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b20160221-9287-jmzb5w-libre.pdf?1456042151=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DPyrogenic_carbon_from_tropical_savanna_b.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=A1Qeh62LEnFDVe60i9jX75eHLjtUTkq-Bf-SPmKzdsz6jfX~qBqV3T90qxZnWVZFlSC1rsxQEJzjtIxi8lwpS8dz7-2aPvSXe0vJe~kUrGIm6FOH47fEwr0EmhDBZqhJS9cA2B0TBql16BLGu4L0F2-yWY7RmyGscqZVaArW0tvbSR77~0y3dkW9MrItq7cdzry3agwANeqSTAdwW-ej1CBg7iqcL9IOl6NW944Yj6CuVsmbMmijiEl1hwYCD8aU7bDgHprcgVAMXUWQuUOgg7~v2oiGoTdKw7UQ0ytJQ0RofZVZ3babdhzA8yaxBcNKNS80re7jPv~v~6zOZEgGoQ__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[{"id":400,"name":"Earth Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Earth_Sciences"},{"id":47884,"name":"Biological Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biological_Sciences"},{"id":58054,"name":"Environmental Sciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Sciences"},{"id":151321,"name":"Biogeosciences","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Biogeosciences"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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The 31 regions covered the full range of climate experienced in Australia including temperature extremes from Katherine in the Northern Territory to Cape Grim in Tasmania, and rainfall extremes from desert sand hills in the interior to tropical rainforests of the east coast of Queensland. A genetic algorithm was used to calibrate generic parameters describing ecosystem attributes such as N inputs, N loss after fire, and plant growth sensitivity to temperature. In addition one or two site specific parameters relating to fire frequency were calibrated for each individual site. The model was spun up for a period of at least 5000 years to equilibrate isotope pools. Atmospheric δ 13 C and δ 14 C concentrations were varied annually to incorporate the Seuss effect and bomb pulse C. The modified model was able to describe the variation across sites in terms of C, N, δ 13 C and δ 14 C reasonably well but with some exceptions. Simulated NPP was close to estimates obtained independently from remotely sensed data. Following model calibration, climate change scenarios were run for 70 years in the future to assess the sensitivity of the tree-grass-soil system to future climate and increasing atmospheric CO 2 .","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42891997},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22240999/_NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sandy_soils_in_Australia_using_a_soil_carbon_model_calibrated_to_measurements_of_soil_carbon_nitrogen_and_carbon_","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:35.027-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42891997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891997/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891997/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891997/NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z-libre.pdf?1456042150=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=KPSYhdML3~TlWbOfUIQ8cjY7fX7ICwUmGQ5hCqT8WPtU~MqxeGgDeE13QULLOMyRt9UDO-YNpCIFVc-vT0tVy6lAA08L5JesdMZ~~N~DZZwKUqbQQASOt1sKjs-bhO8djtq4BO7kJo4TDvi5~ptnVb-ETeRABfnihWUN3W1Zq~QLAED25gtM0e1023RXUGQTdY7aWU4Sij~BHUFirlLnXnXqqKQcl1Wpgjqu~eJRVAmoxqdazxt3avaEg7ZmpM3jMIVHo24FUoAXtZtaUyLJlGwz3MWlJgWgcG19Nezu5wNdkCJ7gr0v1-3HAxvkxUMJuDp7TOfFDtyKJtJYSitQ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"_NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sandy_soils_in_Australia_using_a_soil_carbon_model_calibrated_to_measurements_of_soil_carbon_nitrogen_and_carbon_","translated_slug":"","page_count":8,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42891997,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891997/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891997/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891997/NPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_san20160221-10164-178ay8z-libre.pdf?1456042150=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DNPP_and_impacts_of_climate_change_on_sa.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=KPSYhdML3~TlWbOfUIQ8cjY7fX7ICwUmGQ5hCqT8WPtU~MqxeGgDeE13QULLOMyRt9UDO-YNpCIFVc-vT0tVy6lAA08L5JesdMZ~~N~DZZwKUqbQQASOt1sKjs-bhO8djtq4BO7kJo4TDvi5~ptnVb-ETeRABfnihWUN3W1Zq~QLAED25gtM0e1023RXUGQTdY7aWU4Sij~BHUFirlLnXnXqqKQcl1Wpgjqu~eJRVAmoxqdazxt3avaEg7ZmpM3jMIVHo24FUoAXtZtaUyLJlGwz3MWlJgWgcG19Nezu5wNdkCJ7gr0v1-3HAxvkxUMJuDp7TOfFDtyKJtJYSitQ2w__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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From these flux estimates, the combined systems of the Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin (Salween) rivers are regarded as contributing 20% of the total flux of material from the Himalayan-Tibetan orogen and deliver it over a short length of coastline into the Gulf of Martaban in the eastern Indian Ocean. The estimates for the Ayeyarwady are taken from published quotes of a 19 th Century dataset (Gordon 1885) and there are no available published data for the Thanlwin. We present a re-analysis of the Ayeyarwady data from the original 550 page report of Gordon (1879) covering ten years of discharge (1869)(1870)(1871)(1872)(1873)(1874)(1875)(1876)(1877)(1878)(1879) and one year of sediment concentration measurements (1877) and demonstrate that the commonly cited values of sediment loads (and therefore chemical fluxes) are in error. Taken at face value, the sediment flux estimates are conservatively assessed as being underestimated by 18%, and possibly as much as 38%, due to omission of the fine particulate load. However, an early 20 th Century Ayeyarwady River engineer criticised Gordon's discharge measuring methods, suggesting they lead to over-estimation of both water and sediment fluxes. These two opposing uncertainties require careful review. We describe the approaches employed, evaluate Gordon's measurements, calculations, and subsequent adjustments and present our revised interpretation of daily and annual discharges and sediment fluxes along with an estimate of uncertainty. Our re-evaluation suggests that the annual sediment flux from the Ayeyarwady-Thanlwin system may be significant for ocean geochemistry and estimation of denudation rates. The new values suggest that the Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin rivers contribute half the present day Ganges-Brahmaputra flux to the Indian Ocean. The catchments of the Ayeyarwady and Thanlwin are affected by ongoing land-use change, and our recently collected water and sediment flux data suggest that modern sediment loads are lower than those in the late19 th Century.","grobid_abstract_attachment_id":42891995},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22240998/Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hydrology_and_sediment_load_data_for_the_ayeyarwady_river_myanmar","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:34.814-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42891995,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891995/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891995/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891995/Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj-libre.pdf?1456041962=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRe_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=WtsTBPixcu301LTKjLH6ruwUBHXSR7GWb2NSJl8oDpB7EUyBJykLtemMha5OtVLryVRFdscvXT1NRM5uqhTh-0r91zj6~yT~bv~X3a4tdXFuwCFoxpLQXtK0xGZN16KGHldMonicF8s5i0dugkH6RgH4l7lCl83MTkkcim84OMZ5oGidCVL-1tvQM7FCEHkCDLGgQFiyAbR5i~MptLxGyaR0I6HhXbTjWYqCg9N-nKRF81RRnkzVXpk2LK8pgcWiOMHANpKJe7uIJCzj3moGiYi96QAADPBGNjvI3DpssxxAt3BVlpObnu8ZMLC~mvFyi5MORoZH-dVZKiWHn~68OA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hydrology_and_sediment_load_data_for_the_ayeyarwady_river_myanmar","translated_slug":"","page_count":14,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42891995,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42891995/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42891995/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"Re_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42891995/Re-analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy20160221-10157-1jq32vj-libre.pdf?1456041962=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DRe_analysis_of_the_nineteenth_century_hy.pdf\u0026Expires=1732793093\u0026Signature=WtsTBPixcu301LTKjLH6ruwUBHXSR7GWb2NSJl8oDpB7EUyBJykLtemMha5OtVLryVRFdscvXT1NRM5uqhTh-0r91zj6~yT~bv~X3a4tdXFuwCFoxpLQXtK0xGZN16KGHldMonicF8s5i0dugkH6RgH4l7lCl83MTkkcim84OMZ5oGidCVL-1tvQM7FCEHkCDLGgQFiyAbR5i~MptLxGyaR0I6HhXbTjWYqCg9N-nKRF81RRnkzVXpk2LK8pgcWiOMHANpKJe7uIJCzj3moGiYi96QAADPBGNjvI3DpssxxAt3BVlpObnu8ZMLC~mvFyi5MORoZH-dVZKiWHn~68OA__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22240996"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22240996/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" rel="nofollow" href="https://www.academia.edu/22240996/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia">Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Soil Research</span><span>, 2015</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potential...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22240996"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22240996"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22240996; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22240996]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=22240996]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22240996; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='22240996']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 22240996, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22240996]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22240996,"title":"Impact of temperature and moisture on heterotrophic soil respiration along a moist tropical forest gradient in Australia","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul","publication_date":{"day":null,"month":null,"year":2015,"errors":{}},"publication_name":"Soil Research"},"translated_abstract":"ABSTRACT Tropical forests represent the largest store of terrestrial carbon (C) and are potentially vulnerable to climatic variations and human impact. However, the combined influence of temperature and precipitation on aboveground and belowground C cycling in tropical ecosystems is not well understood. To simulate the impact of climate (temperature and rainfall) on soil C heterotrophic respiration rates of moist tropical forests, we translocated soil cores among three elevations (100, 700 and 1540 m a.s.l.) representing a range in mean annual temperature of 10.9°C and in rainfall of 6840 mm. Initial soil C stocks in the top 30 cm along the gradient increased linearly with elevation from 6.13 kg C m–2 at 100 m a.s.l. to 10.66 kg C m–2 at 1540 m a.s.l. Respiration rates of translocated soil cores were measured every 3 weeks for 1 year and were fitted to different model functions taking into account soil temperature, soil moisture, mean annual temperature and total annual rainfall. Measured data coul","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22240996/Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-21T00:03:34.359-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Impact_of_temperature_and_moisture_on_heterotrophic_soil_respiration_along_a_moist_tropical_forest_gradient_in_Australia","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":1605,"name":"Soil","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Soil"},{"id":28235,"name":"Multidisciplinary","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Multidisciplinary"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); 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$(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22238999"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238999/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of The gateway for terrestrial material entering the ocean" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889959/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238999/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean">The gateway for terrestrial material entering the ocean</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="e8bf31ee9d65d20b068ecbfc6280f80d" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42889959,"asset_id":22238999,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889959/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22238999"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22238999"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22238999; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "e8bf31ee9d65d20b068ecbfc6280f80d" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22238999]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22238999,"title":"The gateway for terrestrial material entering the ocean","translated_title":"","metadata":{"publication_name":"Eos Transactions American Geophysical Union"},"translated_abstract":null,"internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/22238999/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-02-20T21:57:04.208-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":2307557,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"paper","co_author_tags":[],"downloadable_attachments":[{"id":42889959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889959/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42889959/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v-libre.pdf?1456034324=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf\u0026Expires=1731743842\u0026Signature=T5XQnN5HhSNX8ppA0N5tBWe7FVBB7NH6ytozXic7cUhnupKav9cYu7UskIrSunMMzfh-6BlXpgI06keunMPeX3ILKdFtbpdQHIZjerOXYw4pB~k4pXrIW4xO8SbN6oysVB0atApIaMs9SVeEWfKyYsuXaEzAEKrEmaebt15sWH5NrAtpkHPlT7ExGMS08XADozNRsxP7FsHpFcKAEz2Big4itI7kmTeRLuO1ui4D1yFbZzpzPKGSRTa84z-1iVF1Rp7EDc4Oes6AUIGWaBYFYAchTHHNvkXx9TSsq4twnyD5k~WA33Qznp2VeLlwW6nV2cQkp-ZLbB3gCSQacIUFmg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"slug":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_entering_the_ocean","translated_slug":"","page_count":3,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":2307557,"first_name":"michael","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"bird","page_name":"michaelbird","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2012-08-14T08:26:58.669-07:00","display_name":"michael bird","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird"},"attachments":[{"id":42889959,"title":"","file_type":"pdf","scribd_thumbnail_url":"https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889959/thumbnails/1.jpg","file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v.pdf","download_url":"https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889959/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&","bulk_download_file_name":"The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf","bulk_download_url":"https://d1wqtxts1xzle7.cloudfront.net/42889959/The_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent20160220-13238-j88y9v-libre.pdf?1456034324=\u0026response-content-disposition=attachment%3B+filename%3DThe_gateway_for_terrestrial_material_ent.pdf\u0026Expires=1731743842\u0026Signature=T5XQnN5HhSNX8ppA0N5tBWe7FVBB7NH6ytozXic7cUhnupKav9cYu7UskIrSunMMzfh-6BlXpgI06keunMPeX3ILKdFtbpdQHIZjerOXYw4pB~k4pXrIW4xO8SbN6oysVB0atApIaMs9SVeEWfKyYsuXaEzAEKrEmaebt15sWH5NrAtpkHPlT7ExGMS08XADozNRsxP7FsHpFcKAEz2Big4itI7kmTeRLuO1ui4D1yFbZzpzPKGSRTa84z-1iVF1Rp7EDc4Oes6AUIGWaBYFYAchTHHNvkXx9TSsq4twnyD5k~WA33Qznp2VeLlwW6nV2cQkp-ZLbB3gCSQacIUFmg__\u0026Key-Pair-Id=APKAJLOHF5GGSLRBV4ZA"}],"research_interests":[],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="22238998"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238998/Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_the_past_6_million_years"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/42889958/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/22238998/Woody_cover_and_hominin_environments_in_the_past_6_million_years">Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span>Nature</span><span>, 2011</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f098553ec7f37ad348b5e528c2d10112" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":42889958,"asset_id":22238998,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/42889958/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="22238998"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="22238998"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 22238998; 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dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f098553ec7f37ad348b5e528c2d10112" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=22238998]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":22238998,"title":"Woody cover and hominin environments in the past 6 million years","translated_title":"","metadata":{"grobid_abstract":"The role of African savannahs in the evolution of early hominins has been debated for nearly a century. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by difficulty in quantifying the fraction of woody cover in the fossil record. Here we show that the fraction of woody cover in tropical ecosystems can be quantified using stable carbon isotopes in soils. Furthermore, we use fossil soils from hominin sites in the Awash and Omo-Turkana basins in eastern Africa to reconstruct the fraction of woody cover since the Late Miocene epoch (about 7 million years ago). 13 C/ 12 C ratio data from 1,300 palaeosols at or adjacent to hominin sites dating to at least 6 million years ago show that woody cover was predominantly less than 40% at most sites. These data point to the prevalence of open environments at the majority of hominin fossil sites in eastern Africa over the past 6 million 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/></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/9476828/High_Resolution_Scleroisotope_Analysis_Preliminary_Stable_Isotope_Values_from_the_South_Wellesley_Islands_Gulf_of_Carpentaria">High-Resolution Scleroisotope Analysis: Preliminary Stable Isotope Values from the South Wellesley Islands, Gulf of Carpentaria</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/ChristopherWurster">Christopher Wurster</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/RobinTwaddle">Robin Twaddle</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://uq.academia.edu/JaneHinton">Jane A Hinton</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Detailed understandings of local environmental conditions and their impact on growth and isotopic...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Detailed understandings of local environmental conditions and their impact on growth and isotopic fractionation in constituent molluscan taxa are required to accurately contextualise archaeological results. Molluscs have long been recognised as sensitive recorders of local environmental conditions. Aspects of the environment, including temperature and water constitution, imprint a chemical signal within the shell matrix. Archaeologists use stable oxygen and carbon isotope profiles derived from archaeological shellfish assemblages to address questions related to palaeoenvironments, including extending instrumental records, characterising subannual environmental oscillations, and determining the timing and periodicity of resource collection and siteuse. This paper reports preliminary findings of research characterising subannual environmental cycles and their effects on extant shellfish taxa from Bentinck Island, southern Gulf of Carpentaria using subannual stable isotope profiles. Distinct shifts in local environmental conditions owing to the Australian Monsoonal Cycle are reflected within observed environmental data and molluscan isotope profiles, suggesting similar patterns will be present within archaeological assemblages from this region. These results form the basis for modern analogues through which archaeological data can be accurately contextualised.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="9476828"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="9476828"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9476828; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9476828]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=9476828]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 9476828; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='9476828']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 9476828, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=9476828]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":9476828,"title":"High-Resolution Scleroisotope Analysis: Preliminary Stable Isotope Values from the South Wellesley Islands, Gulf of Carpentaria","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Detailed understandings of local environmental conditions and their impact on growth and isotopic fractionation in constituent molluscan taxa are required to accurately contextualise archaeological results. Molluscs have long been recognised as sensitive recorders of local environmental conditions. Aspects of the environment, including temperature and water constitution, imprint a chemical signal within the shell matrix. Archaeologists use stable oxygen and carbon isotope profiles derived from archaeological shellfish assemblages to address questions related to palaeoenvironments, including extending instrumental records, characterising subannual environmental oscillations, and determining the timing and periodicity of resource collection and siteuse. This paper reports preliminary findings of research characterising subannual environmental cycles and their effects on extant shellfish taxa from Bentinck Island, southern Gulf of Carpentaria using subannual stable isotope profiles. Distinct shifts in local environmental conditions owing to the Australian Monsoonal Cycle are reflected within observed environmental data and molluscan isotope profiles, suggesting similar patterns will be present within archaeological assemblages from this region. These results form the basis for modern analogues through which archaeological data can be accurately contextualised.","location":"Cairns, Australia","journal_name":"Australian Archaeological Association Conference 2014"},"translated_abstract":"Detailed understandings of local environmental conditions and their impact on growth and isotopic fractionation in constituent molluscan taxa are required to accurately contextualise archaeological results. Molluscs have long been recognised as sensitive recorders of local environmental conditions. Aspects of the environment, including temperature and water constitution, imprint a chemical signal within the shell matrix. Archaeologists use stable oxygen and carbon isotope profiles derived from archaeological shellfish assemblages to address questions related to palaeoenvironments, including extending instrumental records, characterising subannual environmental oscillations, and determining the timing and periodicity of resource collection and siteuse. This paper reports preliminary findings of research characterising subannual environmental cycles and their effects on extant shellfish taxa from Bentinck Island, southern Gulf of Carpentaria using subannual stable isotope profiles. Distinct shifts in local environmental conditions owing to the Australian Monsoonal Cycle are reflected within observed environmental data and molluscan isotope profiles, suggesting similar patterns will be present within archaeological assemblages from this region. These results form the basis for modern analogues through which archaeological data can be accurately contextualised.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/9476828/High_Resolution_Scleroisotope_Analysis_Preliminary_Stable_Isotope_Values_from_the_South_Wellesley_Islands_Gulf_of_Carpentaria","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2014-11-24T09:01:36.862-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4237721,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"conference_presentation","co_author_tags":[{"id":28474,"work_id":9476828,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":847754,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***r@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":-5033164,"name":"Christopher Wurster","title":"High-Resolution Scleroisotope Analysis: Preliminary Stable Isotope Values from the South Wellesley Islands, Gulf of Carpentaria"},{"id":28476,"work_id":9476828,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":-1677721,"name":"michael bird","title":"High-Resolution Scleroisotope Analysis: Preliminary Stable Isotope Values from the South Wellesley Islands, Gulf of Carpentaria"},{"id":28475,"work_id":9476828,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":22190693,"co_author_invite_id":45215,"email":"j***n@uqconnect.edu.au","affiliation":"The University of Queensland, Australia","display_order":1677722,"name":"Jane A Hinton","title":"High-Resolution Scleroisotope Analysis: Preliminary Stable Isotope Values from the South Wellesley Islands, Gulf of Carpentaria"},{"id":28473,"work_id":9476828,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":2290582,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***m@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":5033165,"name":"Sean Ulm","title":"High-Resolution Scleroisotope Analysis: Preliminary Stable Isotope Values from the South Wellesley Islands, Gulf of Carpentaria"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"High_Resolution_Scleroisotope_Analysis_Preliminary_Stable_Isotope_Values_from_the_South_Wellesley_Islands_Gulf_of_Carpentaria","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":4237721,"first_name":"Robin","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Twaddle","page_name":"RobinTwaddle","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2013-05-19T08:08:40.722-07:00","display_name":"Robin Twaddle","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/RobinTwaddle"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":392,"name":"Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeology"},{"id":1653,"name":"Archaeomalacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeomalacology"},{"id":7941,"name":"Stable Isotopes","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotopes"},{"id":14492,"name":"Coastal and Island Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_and_Island_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> <div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="20175375"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/20175375/Using_Stable_Isotopes_in_Marine_Shell_to_Explore_Occupation_Patterns_A_Preliminary_Chronology_of_Thundiy_South_Wellesley_Islands_Queensland"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of Using Stable Isotopes in Marine Shell to Explore Occupation Patterns: A Preliminary Chronology of Thundiy, South Wellesley Islands, Queensland" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://a.academia-assets.com/images/blank-paper.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/20175375/Using_Stable_Isotopes_in_Marine_Shell_to_Explore_Occupation_Patterns_A_Preliminary_Chronology_of_Thundiy_South_Wellesley_Islands_Queensland">Using Stable Isotopes in Marine Shell to Explore Occupation Patterns: A Preliminary Chronology of Thundiy, South Wellesley Islands, Queensland</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/RobinTwaddle">Robin Twaddle</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/ChristopherWurster">Christopher Wurster</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">Changing interactions between humans, culture, and environment modify patterns of land-use and oc...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">Changing interactions between humans, culture, and environment modify patterns of land-use and occupation as populations respond to fluctuating conditions. Broad interpretations of human responses to Holocene environmental change in northern Australia suggest far-reaching cultural and behavioural transformations, including the increasing use of offshore islands. Occupation patterns in these contexts are often characterised as unidirectional, implying a gradual shift from ephemeral to permanent use as offshore islands are reincorporated into the foraging territories of mainland-based groups. However, regional sequences indicate multiple instances of abandonment and reoccupation as well as seasonal exploitation and visitation, suggesting complex patterns of island use. To better understand these changing occupation strategies, researchers can interpret stable oxygen and carbon isotope values derived from archaeological mollusc shell. Aspects of the environment, including temperature and water composition, imprint a chemical signal within the shell matrix allowing the timing (i.e. season) of resource consumption to be determined. While fast becoming a staple in the interpretative frameworks of many international projects, stable isotope analyse of molluscs is rarely applied in Australian contexts. Thus, a unique opportunity exists for this internationally accepted method to be deployed in Australia. This paper presents a preliminary site-use chronology for the expansive midden complex of Thundiy located on Bentinck Island, South Wellesley Islands, with a focus on understanding trajectories associated with changes in the timing and permanency of occupation.</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="20175375"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="20175375"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20175375; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20175375]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=20175375]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 20175375; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='20175375']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 20175375, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (false){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "-1" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=20175375]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":20175375,"title":"Using Stable Isotopes in Marine Shell to Explore Occupation Patterns: A Preliminary Chronology of Thundiy, South Wellesley Islands, Queensland","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"Changing interactions between humans, culture, and environment modify patterns of land-use and occupation as populations respond to fluctuating conditions. Broad interpretations of human responses to Holocene environmental change in northern Australia suggest far-reaching cultural and behavioural transformations, including the increasing use of offshore islands. Occupation patterns in these contexts are often characterised as unidirectional, implying a gradual shift from ephemeral to permanent use as offshore islands are reincorporated into the foraging territories of mainland-based groups. However, regional sequences indicate multiple instances of abandonment and reoccupation as well as seasonal exploitation and visitation, suggesting complex patterns of island use. To better understand these changing occupation strategies, researchers can interpret stable oxygen and carbon isotope values derived from archaeological mollusc shell. Aspects of the environment, including temperature and water composition, imprint a chemical signal within the shell matrix allowing the timing (i.e. season) of resource consumption to be determined. While fast becoming a staple in the interpretative frameworks of many international projects, stable isotope analyse of molluscs is rarely applied in Australian contexts. Thus, a unique opportunity exists for this internationally accepted method to be deployed in Australia. This paper presents a preliminary site-use chronology for the expansive midden complex of Thundiy located on Bentinck Island, South Wellesley Islands, with a focus on understanding trajectories associated with changes in the timing and permanency of occupation."},"translated_abstract":"Changing interactions between humans, culture, and environment modify patterns of land-use and occupation as populations respond to fluctuating conditions. Broad interpretations of human responses to Holocene environmental change in northern Australia suggest far-reaching cultural and behavioural transformations, including the increasing use of offshore islands. Occupation patterns in these contexts are often characterised as unidirectional, implying a gradual shift from ephemeral to permanent use as offshore islands are reincorporated into the foraging territories of mainland-based groups. However, regional sequences indicate multiple instances of abandonment and reoccupation as well as seasonal exploitation and visitation, suggesting complex patterns of island use. To better understand these changing occupation strategies, researchers can interpret stable oxygen and carbon isotope values derived from archaeological mollusc shell. Aspects of the environment, including temperature and water composition, imprint a chemical signal within the shell matrix allowing the timing (i.e. season) of resource consumption to be determined. While fast becoming a staple in the interpretative frameworks of many international projects, stable isotope analyse of molluscs is rarely applied in Australian contexts. Thus, a unique opportunity exists for this internationally accepted method to be deployed in Australia. This paper presents a preliminary site-use chronology for the expansive midden complex of Thundiy located on Bentinck Island, South Wellesley Islands, with a focus on understanding trajectories associated with changes in the timing and permanency of occupation.","internal_url":"https://www.academia.edu/20175375/Using_Stable_Isotopes_in_Marine_Shell_to_Explore_Occupation_Patterns_A_Preliminary_Chronology_of_Thundiy_South_Wellesley_Islands_Queensland","translated_internal_url":"","created_at":"2016-01-11T14:10:31.199-08:00","preview_url":null,"current_user_can_edit":null,"current_user_is_owner":null,"owner_id":4237721,"coauthors_can_edit":true,"document_type":"conference_presentation","co_author_tags":[{"id":12842933,"work_id":20175375,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":2290582,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"s***m@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":0,"name":"Sean Ulm","title":"Using Stable Isotopes in Marine Shell to Explore Occupation Patterns: A Preliminary Chronology of Thundiy, South Wellesley Islands, Queensland"},{"id":12842934,"work_id":20175375,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":847754,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"c***r@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":4194304,"name":"Christopher Wurster","title":"Using Stable Isotopes in Marine Shell to Explore Occupation Patterns: A Preliminary Chronology of Thundiy, South Wellesley Islands, Queensland"},{"id":12842935,"work_id":20175375,"tagging_user_id":4237721,"tagged_user_id":2307557,"co_author_invite_id":null,"email":"m***d@jcu.edu.au","affiliation":"James Cook University","display_order":6291456,"name":"michael bird","title":"Using Stable Isotopes in Marine Shell to Explore Occupation Patterns: A Preliminary Chronology of Thundiy, South Wellesley Islands, Queensland"}],"downloadable_attachments":[],"slug":"Using_Stable_Isotopes_in_Marine_Shell_to_Explore_Occupation_Patterns_A_Preliminary_Chronology_of_Thundiy_South_Wellesley_Islands_Queensland","translated_slug":"","page_count":null,"language":"en","content_type":"Work","owner":{"id":4237721,"first_name":"Robin","middle_initials":null,"last_name":"Twaddle","page_name":"RobinTwaddle","domain_name":"jamescook","created_at":"2013-05-19T08:08:40.722-07:00","display_name":"Robin Twaddle","url":"https://jamescook.academia.edu/RobinTwaddle"},"attachments":[],"research_interests":[{"id":399,"name":"Prehistoric Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Prehistoric_Archaeology"},{"id":1624,"name":"Zooarchaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Zooarchaeology"},{"id":1653,"name":"Archaeomalacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeomalacology"},{"id":1703,"name":"Stable Isotope Analysis","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Analysis"},{"id":2109,"name":"Environmental Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Environmental_Archaeology"},{"id":3316,"name":"Archaeological Science","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Archaeological_Science"},{"id":6450,"name":"Malacology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Malacology"},{"id":7959,"name":"Stable Isotope Geochemistry","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Stable_Isotope_Geochemistry"},{"id":14492,"name":"Coastal and Island Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Coastal_and_Island_Archaeology"},{"id":41578,"name":"Hunter-Gatherer Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Hunter-Gatherer_Archaeology"},{"id":136823,"name":"Sclerochronology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Sclerochronology"},{"id":419835,"name":"Australian Aboriginal Archaeology","url":"https://www.academia.edu/Documents/in/Australian_Aboriginal_Archaeology"}],"urls":[]}, dispatcherData: dispatcherData }); $(this).data('initialized', true); } }); $a.trackClickSource(".js-work-strip-work-link", "profile_work_strip") }); </script> </div><div class="profile--tab_content_container js-tab-pane tab-pane" data-section-id="4651437" id="posters"><div class="js-work-strip profile--work_container" data-work-id="6780780"><div class="profile--work_thumbnail hidden-xs"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-thumbnail" href="https://www.academia.edu/6780780/An_Application_of_Sclerochronology_and_Scleroisotope_Analysis_to_Understanding_Kaiadilt_Occupation_in_the_South_Wellesley_Archipelago_Gulf_of_Carpentaria"><img alt="Research paper thumbnail of An Application of Sclerochronology and Scleroisotope Analysis to Understanding Kaiadilt Occupation in the South Wellesley Archipelago, Gulf of Carpentaria" class="work-thumbnail" src="https://attachments.academia-assets.com/33486297/thumbnails/1.jpg" /></a></div><div class="wp-workCard wp-workCard_itemContainer"><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--title"><a class="js-work-strip-work-link text-gray-darker" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-title" href="https://www.academia.edu/6780780/An_Application_of_Sclerochronology_and_Scleroisotope_Analysis_to_Understanding_Kaiadilt_Occupation_in_the_South_Wellesley_Archipelago_Gulf_of_Carpentaria">An Application of Sclerochronology and Scleroisotope Analysis to Understanding Kaiadilt Occupation in the South Wellesley Archipelago, Gulf of Carpentaria</a></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--coauthors"><span>by </span><span><a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/ChristopherWurster">Christopher Wurster</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/SeanUlm">Sean Ulm</a>, <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/michaelbird">michael bird</a>, and <a class="" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-authors" href="https://jamescook.academia.edu/RobinTwaddle">Robin Twaddle</a></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item"><span class="js-work-more-abstract-truncated">This research aims to generate detailed understandings of seasonal environmental and hydrological...</span><a class="js-work-more-abstract" data-broccoli-component="work_strip.more_abstract" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-more-abstract" href="javascript:;"><span> more </span><span><i class="fa fa-caret-down"></i></span></a><span class="js-work-more-abstract-untruncated hidden">This research aims to generate detailed understandings of seasonal environmental and hydrological cycles and their effects on the growth and isotopic composition of important economic shellfish taxa endemic to Bentinck Island, Gulf of Carpentaria, as part of a broader investigation of Kaiadilt occupation patterns. <br /> <br />The skeletal hard parts of molluscan shells contain detailed records of tidal, seasonal, and annual environmental cycles manifesting as discrete growth banding and isotopic variation (Burchell et al. 2013; Deith 1983; Shackleton 1973). Analysis of shellfish remains from archaeological deposits permits complex questions of occupation periodicity, mobility, and demography to be approached. However, the effects of environmental shifts on the growth regimes and isotopic composition of molluscan shell are not uniform, with significant variation derived from different taxa and geographic locations (Bernstein 1990; Carré et al. 2005; Jones and Quitmyer 1996). It is therefore necessary to construct detailed modern baseline analogues to characterise causality between environmental/hydrological cycles and changes in molluscan growth regimes/isotopic composition, providing a contextual framework from which accurate high-resolution interpretations of archaeological material can be made. <br /> <br />These findings provide crucial baseline analogues for a high-resolution study of the seasonality and periodicity of Kaiadilt occupation in the South Wellesley Islands during the mid-to-late Holocene. Novel applications of sclerochronology and scleroisotope analysis will allow more nuanced understandings of Australian offshore island use – including higher-order interpretations of mobility and demography – to be approached</span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--actions"><span class="work-strip-bookmark-button-container"></span><a id="f3fce07853219a4dc21a0b0265bdbc32" class="wp-workCard--action" rel="nofollow" data-click-track="profile-work-strip-download" data-download="{"attachment_id":33486297,"asset_id":6780780,"asset_type":"Work","button_location":"profile"}" href="https://www.academia.edu/attachments/33486297/download_file?st=MTczMjgyOTQ3MCw4LjIyMi4yMDguMTQ2&s=profile"><span><i class="fa fa-arrow-down"></i></span><span>Download</span></a><span class="wp-workCard--action visible-if-viewed-by-owner inline-block" style="display: none;"><span class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper profile-work-strip-edit-button-wrapper" data-work-id="6780780"><a class="js-profile-work-strip-edit-button" tabindex="0"><span><i class="fa fa-pencil"></i></span><span>Edit</span></a></span></span><span id="work-strip-rankings-button-container"></span></div><div class="wp-workCard_item wp-workCard--stats"><span><span><span class="js-view-count view-count u-mr2x" data-work-id="6780780"><i class="fa fa-spinner fa-spin"></i></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6780780; window.Academia.workViewCountsFetcher.queue(workId, function (count) { var description = window.$h.commaizeInt(count) + " " + window.$h.pluralize(count, 'View'); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6780780]").text(description); $(".js-view-count[data-work-id=6780780]").attr('title', description).tooltip(); }); });</script></span></span><span><span class="percentile-widget hidden"><span class="u-mr2x work-percentile"></span></span><script>$(function () { var workId = 6780780; window.Academia.workPercentilesFetcher.queue(workId, function (percentileText) { var container = $(".js-work-strip[data-work-id='6780780']"); container.find('.work-percentile').text(percentileText.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + percentileText.slice(1)); container.find('.percentile-widget').show(); container.find('.percentile-widget').removeClass('hidden'); }); });</script></span><span><script>$(function() { new Works.PaperRankView({ workId: 6780780, container: "", }); });</script></span></div><div id="work-strip-premium-row-container"></div></div></div><script> require.config({ waitSeconds: 90 })(["https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/wow_profile-f77ea15d77ce96025a6048a514272ad8becbad23c641fc2b3bd6e24ca6ff1932.js","https://a.academia-assets.com/assets/work_edit-ad038b8c047c1a8d4fa01b402d530ff93c45fee2137a149a4a5398bc8ad67560.js"], function() { // from javascript_helper.rb var dispatcherData = {} if (true){ window.WowProfile.dispatcher = window.WowProfile.dispatcher || _.clone(Backbone.Events); dispatcherData = { dispatcher: window.WowProfile.dispatcher, downloadLinkId: "f3fce07853219a4dc21a0b0265bdbc32" } } $('.js-work-strip[data-work-id=6780780]').each(function() { if (!$(this).data('initialized')) { new WowProfile.WorkStripView({ el: this, workJSON: {"id":6780780,"title":"An Application of Sclerochronology and Scleroisotope Analysis to Understanding Kaiadilt Occupation in the South Wellesley Archipelago, Gulf of Carpentaria","translated_title":"","metadata":{"abstract":"This research aims to generate detailed understandings of seasonal environmental and hydrological cycles and their effects on the growth and isotopic composition of important economic shellfish taxa endemic to Bentinck Island, Gulf of Carpentaria, as part of a broader investigation of Kaiadilt occupation patterns.\r\n\r\nThe skeletal hard parts of molluscan shells contain detailed records of tidal, seasonal, and annual environmental cycles manifesting as discrete growth banding and isotopic variation (Burchell et al. 2013; Deith 1983; Shackleton 1973). 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