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href="//login.wikimedia.org"> </head> <body class="skin--responsive skin-vector skin-vector-search-vue mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject mw-editable page-Aktinium rootpage-Aktinium skin-vector-2022 action-view"><a class="mw-jump-link" href="#bodyContent">Lompat ke isi</a> <div class="vector-header-container"> <header class="vector-header mw-header"> <div class="vector-header-start"> <nav class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-main-menu-dropdown vector-button-flush-left vector-button-flush-right" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-main-menu-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Menu utama" > <label id="vector-main-menu-dropdown-label" for="vector-main-menu-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Menu utama </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> <div id="vector-main-menu" class="vector-main-menu vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-main-menu-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-unpinned" data-feature-name="main-menu-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-main-menu" data-pinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" data-unpinned-container-id="vector-main-menu-unpinned-container" > <div class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Menu utama</div> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-main-menu.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <div id="p-navigation" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-navigation" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Navigasi </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-mainpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" title="Kunjungi Halaman Utama [z]" accesskey="z">Halaman Utama</a></li><li id="n-Daftar-isi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Isi">Daftar isi</a></li><li id="n-recentchanges" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Perubahan_terbaru" title="Daftar perubahan terbaru dalam wiki. [r]" accesskey="r">Perubahan terbaru</a></li><li id="n-Artikel-pilihan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Artikel_pilihan/Topik">Artikel pilihan</a></li><li id="n-currentevents" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Peristiwa_terkini" title="Temukan informasi tentang peristiwa terkini">Peristiwa terkini</a></li><li id="n-newpage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_baru">Halaman baru</a></li><li id="n-randompage" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Halaman_sembarang" title="Tampilkan sembarang halaman [x]" accesskey="x">Halaman sembarang</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Komunitas" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Komunitas" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Komunitas </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-Warung-Kopi" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Warung_Kopi">Warung Kopi</a></li><li id="n-portal" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Portal:Komunitas" title="Tentang proyek, apa yang dapat Anda lakukan, di mana untuk mencari sesuatu">Portal komunitas</a></li><li id="n-help" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Isi" title="Tempat mencari bantuan.">Bantuan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Wikipedia" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Wikipedia" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Wikipedia </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="n-aboutsite" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Perihal">Tentang Wikipedia</a></li><li id="n-Pancapilar" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Pancapilar">Pancapilar</a></li><li id="n-Kebijakan" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Kebijakan_dan_pedoman">Kebijakan</a></li><li id="n-Hubungi-kami" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Hubungi_kami">Hubungi kami</a></li><li id="n-Bak-pasir" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Wikipedia:Bak_pasir">Bak pasir</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-Bagikan" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-Bagikan emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Bagikan </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <a href="/wiki/Halaman_Utama" class="mw-logo"> <img class="mw-logo-icon" src="/static/images/icons/wikipedia.png" alt="" aria-hidden="true" height="50" width="50"> <img class="mw-logo-wordmark" alt="Wikipedia" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-wordmark-en.svg" style="width: 7.5em; height: 1.125em;"> <img class="mw-logo-tagline" alt="Ensiklopedia Bebas" src="/static/images/mobile/copyright/wikipedia-tagline-id.svg" width="120" height="14" style="width: 7.5em; height: 0.875em;"> </a> </div> <div class="vector-header-end"> <div id="p-search" role="search" class="vector-search-box-vue vector-search-box-collapses vector-search-box-show-thumbnail vector-search-box-auto-expand-width vector-search-box"> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pencarian" class="cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only search-toggle" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f"> Pencarian </a> <div class="vector-typeahead-search-container"> <div class="cdx-typeahead-search cdx-typeahead-search--show-thumbnail cdx-typeahead-search--auto-expand-width"> <form action="/w/index.php" id="searchform" class="cdx-search-input cdx-search-input--has-end-button"> <div id="simpleSearch" class="cdx-search-input__input-wrapper" data-search-loc="header-moved"> <div class="cdx-text-input cdx-text-input--has-start-icon"> <input class="cdx-text-input__input" type="search" name="search" placeholder="Telusuri Wikipedia" aria-label="Telusuri Wikipedia" autocapitalize="sentences" title="Cari di Wikipedia [f]" accesskey="f" id="searchInput" > </div> <input type="hidden" name="title" value="Istimewa:Pencarian"> </div> <button class="cdx-button cdx-search-input__end-button">Cari</button> </form> </div> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-user-links vector-user-links-wide" aria-label="Perkakas pribadi"> <div class="vector-user-links-main"> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-preferences" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-userpage" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <nav class="vector-appearance-landmark" aria-label="Tampilan"> <div id="vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown " title="Change the appearance of the page's font size, width, and color" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-appearance-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Tampilan" > <label id="vector-appearance-dropdown-label" for="vector-appearance-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Tampilan </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-appearance-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-notifications" class="vector-menu mw-portlet emptyPortlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-vector-user-menu-overflow" class="vector-menu mw-portlet" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id" class="">Menyumbang</a> </li> <li id="pt-createaccount-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Aktinium" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan" class="">Buat akun baru</a> </li> <li id="pt-login-2" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item user-links-collapsible-item"><a data-mw="interface" href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Aktinium" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o" class="">Masuk log</a> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> <div id="vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown vector-user-menu vector-button-flush-right vector-user-menu-logged-out" title="Opsi lainnya" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-user-links-dropdown" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Perkakas pribadi" > <label id="vector-user-links-dropdown-label" for="vector-user-links-dropdown-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Perkakas pribadi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="p-personal" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-personal user-links-collapsible-item" title="Menu pengguna" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-sitesupport" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="//donate.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FundraiserRedirector?utm_source=donate&utm_medium=sidebar&utm_campaign=C13_id.wikipedia.org&uselang=id">Menyumbang</a></li><li id="pt-createaccount" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buat_akun&returnto=Aktinium" title="Anda dianjurkan untuk membuat akun dan masuk log; meskipun, hal itu tidak diwajibkan"> Buat akun baru</a></li><li id="pt-login" class="user-links-collapsible-item mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Masuk_log&returnto=Aktinium" title="Anda disarankan untuk masuk log, meskipun hal itu tidak diwajibkan. [o]" accesskey="o"> Masuk log</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-user-menu-anon-editor" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-user-menu-anon-editor" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Halaman penyunting yang telah keluar log <a href="/wiki/Bantuan:Pengantar" aria-label="Pelajari lebih lanjut tentang menyunting">pelajari lebih lanjut</a> </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="pt-anoncontribs" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Kontribusi_saya" title="Daftar suntingan yang dibuat dari alamat IP ini [y]" accesskey="y">Kontribusi</a></li><li id="pt-anontalk" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Pembicaraan_saya" title="Pembicaraan tentang suntingan dari alamat IP ini [n]" accesskey="n">Pembicaraan</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </header> </div> <div class="mw-page-container"> <div class="mw-page-container-inner"> <div class="vector-sitenotice-container"> <div id="siteNotice"></div> </div> <div class="vector-column-start"> <div class="vector-main-menu-container"> <div id="mw-navigation"> <nav id="mw-panel" class="vector-main-menu-landmark" aria-label="Situs"> <div id="vector-main-menu-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="vector-sticky-pinned-container"> <nav id="mw-panel-toc" aria-label="Daftar isi" data-event-name="ui.sidebar-toc" class="mw-table-of-contents-container vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-toc-pinned-container" class="vector-pinned-container"> <div id="vector-toc" class="vector-toc vector-pinnable-element"> <div class="vector-pinnable-header vector-toc-pinnable-header vector-pinnable-header-pinned" data-feature-name="toc-pinned" data-pinnable-element-id="vector-toc" > <h2 class="vector-pinnable-header-label">Daftar isi</h2> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-pin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.pin">pindah ke bilah sisi</button> <button class="vector-pinnable-header-toggle-button vector-pinnable-header-unpin-button" data-event-name="pinnable-header.vector-toc.unpin">sembunyikan</button> </div> <ul class="vector-toc-contents" id="mw-panel-toc-list"> <li id="toc-mw-content-text" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1"> <a href="#" class="vector-toc-link"> <div class="vector-toc-text">Awal</div> </a> </li> <li id="toc-Sejarah" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sejarah"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 1 Sejarah </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sejarah-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Sifat-sifat" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Sifat-sifat"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 2 Sifat-sifat </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Sifat-sifat-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa_kimia" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa_kimia"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3 Senyawa kimia </div> </a> <button aria-controls="toc-Senyawa_kimia-sublist" class="cdx-button cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only vector-toc-toggle"> Gulingkan subbagian Senyawa kimia </button> <ul id="toc-Senyawa_kimia-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> <li id="toc-Oksida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Oksida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.1 Oksida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Oksida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Halida" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Halida"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.2 Halida </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Halida-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Senyawa_lain" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-2"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Senyawa_lain"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 3.3 Senyawa lain </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Senyawa_lain-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Isotop" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Isotop"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 4 Isotop </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Isotop-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Keterjadian_dan_sintesis" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Keterjadian_dan_sintesis"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 5 Keterjadian dan sintesis </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Keterjadian_dan_sintesis-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Aplikasi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Aplikasi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 6 Aplikasi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Aplikasi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Tindakan_pencegahan" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Tindakan_pencegahan"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 7 Tindakan pencegahan </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Tindakan_pencegahan-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Lihat_juga" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Lihat_juga"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 8 Lihat juga </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Lihat_juga-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Referensi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Referensi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 9 Referensi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Referensi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Bibliografi" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Bibliografi"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 10 Bibliografi </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Bibliografi-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> <li id="toc-Pranala_luar" class="vector-toc-list-item vector-toc-level-1 vector-toc-list-item-expanded"> <a class="vector-toc-link" href="#Pranala_luar"> <div class="vector-toc-text"> 11 Pranala luar </div> </a> <ul id="toc-Pranala_luar-sublist" class="vector-toc-list"> </ul> </li> </ul> </div> </div> </nav> </div> </div> <div class="mw-content-container"> <main id="content" class="mw-body"> <header class="mw-body-header vector-page-titlebar"> <nav aria-label="Daftar isi" class="vector-toc-landmark"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown vector-page-titlebar-toc vector-button-flush-left" > <input type="checkbox" id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-vector-page-titlebar-toc" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox " aria-label="Gulingkan daftar isi" > <label id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-label" for="vector-page-titlebar-toc-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--icon-only " aria-hidden="true" > Gulingkan daftar isi </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div id="vector-page-titlebar-toc-unpinned-container" class="vector-unpinned-container"> </div> </div> </div> </nav> <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading mw-first-heading">Aktinium</h1> <div id="p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown mw-portlet mw-portlet-lang" > <input type="checkbox" id="p-lang-btn-checkbox" role="button" aria-haspopup="true" data-event-name="ui.dropdown-p-lang-btn" class="vector-dropdown-checkbox mw-interlanguage-selector" aria-label="Pergi ke artikel dalam bahasa lain. Terdapat 139 bahasa" > <label id="p-lang-btn-label" for="p-lang-btn-checkbox" class="vector-dropdown-label cdx-button cdx-button--fake-button cdx-button--fake-button--enabled cdx-button--weight-quiet cdx-button--action-progressive mw-portlet-lang-heading-139" aria-hidden="true" > 139 bahasa </label> <div class="vector-dropdown-content"> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-af mw-list-item"><a href="https://af.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Afrikaans" lang="af" hreflang="af" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Afrikaans" data-language-local-name="Afrikaans" class="interlanguage-link-target">Afrikaans</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-am mw-list-item"><a href="https://am.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%8A%A0%E1%8A%AD%E1%89%B2%E1%8A%92%E1%8B%A8%E1%88%9D" title="አክቲኒየም – Amharik" lang="am" hreflang="am" data-title="አክቲኒየም" data-language-autonym="አማርኛ" data-language-local-name="Amharik" class="interlanguage-link-target">አማርኛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-an mw-list-item"><a href="https://an.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinio" title="Actinio – Aragon" lang="an" hreflang="an" data-title="Actinio" data-language-autonym="Aragonés" data-language-local-name="Aragon" class="interlanguage-link-target">Aragonés</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-anp mw-list-item"><a href="https://anp.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ऐक्टिनियम – Angika" lang="anp" hreflang="anp" data-title="ऐक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="अंगिका" data-language-local-name="Angika" class="interlanguage-link-target">अंगिका</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ar mw-list-item"><a href="https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="أكتينيوم – Arab" lang="ar" hreflang="ar" data-title="أكتينيوم" data-language-autonym="العربية" data-language-local-name="Arab" class="interlanguage-link-target">العربية</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ary mw-list-item"><a href="https://ary.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A3%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="أكتينيوم – Arab Maroko" lang="ary" hreflang="ary" data-title="أكتينيوم" data-language-autonym="الدارجة" data-language-local-name="Arab Maroko" class="interlanguage-link-target">الدارجة</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-arz mw-list-item"><a href="https://arz.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%8A%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="اكتينيوم – Arab Mesir" lang="arz" hreflang="arz" data-title="اكتينيوم" data-language-autonym="مصرى" data-language-local-name="Arab Mesir" class="interlanguage-link-target">مصرى</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ast mw-list-item"><a href="https://ast.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniu" title="Actiniu – Asturia" lang="ast" hreflang="ast" data-title="Actiniu" data-language-autonym="Asturianu" data-language-local-name="Asturia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Asturianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-az mw-list-item"><a href="https://az.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Azerbaijani" lang="az" hreflang="az" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Azərbaycanca" data-language-local-name="Azerbaijani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Azərbaycanca</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ban mw-list-item"><a href="https://ban.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Bali" lang="ban" hreflang="ban" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Basa Bali" data-language-local-name="Bali" class="interlanguage-link-target">Basa Bali</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bcl mw-list-item"><a href="https://bcl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinyo" title="Aktinyo – Central Bikol" lang="bcl" hreflang="bcl" data-title="Aktinyo" data-language-autonym="Bikol Central" data-language-local-name="Central Bikol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bikol Central</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be mw-list-item"><a href="https://be.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Актыній – Belarusia" lang="be" hreflang="be" data-title="Актыній" data-language-autonym="Беларуская" data-language-local-name="Belarusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-be-x-old mw-list-item"><a href="https://be-tarask.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%8B%D0%BD" title="Актын – Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" lang="be-tarask" hreflang="be-tarask" data-title="Актын" data-language-autonym="Беларуская (тарашкевіца)" data-language-local-name="Belarusian (Taraškievica orthography)" class="interlanguage-link-target">Беларуская (тарашкевіца)</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bg mw-list-item"><a href="https://bg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Bulgaria" lang="bg" hreflang="bg" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Български" data-language-local-name="Bulgaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Български</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bh mw-list-item"><a href="https://bh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="एक्टिनियम – Bhojpuri" lang="bh" hreflang="bh" data-title="एक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="भोजपुरी" data-language-local-name="Bhojpuri" class="interlanguage-link-target">भोजपुरी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bn mw-list-item"><a href="https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A6%85%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%95%E0%A7%8D%E0%A6%9F%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%A8%E0%A6%BF%E0%A6%AF%E0%A6%BC%E0%A6%BE%E0%A6%AE" title="অ্যাক্টিনিয়াম – Bengali" lang="bn" hreflang="bn" data-title="অ্যাক্টিনিয়াম" data-language-autonym="বাংলা" data-language-local-name="Bengali" class="interlanguage-link-target">বাংলা</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bo mw-list-item"><a href="https://bo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%BD%A8%E0%BD%BA%E0%BD%82%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%8A%E0%BD%B2%E0%BC%8B%E0%BD%93%E0%BD%B2%E0%BD%98%E0%BC%8D" title="ཨེག་ཊི་ནིམ། – Tibet" lang="bo" hreflang="bo" data-title="ཨེག་ཊི་ནིམ།" data-language-autonym="བོད་ཡིག" data-language-local-name="Tibet" class="interlanguage-link-target">བོད་ཡིག</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-br mw-list-item"><a href="https://br.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiniom" title="Aktiniom – Breton" lang="br" hreflang="br" data-title="Aktiniom" data-language-autonym="Brezhoneg" data-language-local-name="Breton" class="interlanguage-link-target">Brezhoneg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-bs mw-list-item"><a href="https://bs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinij" title="Aktinij – Bosnia" lang="bs" hreflang="bs" data-title="Aktinij" data-language-autonym="Bosanski" data-language-local-name="Bosnia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bosanski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ca mw-list-item"><a href="https://ca.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actini" title="Actini – Katalan" lang="ca" hreflang="ca" data-title="Actini" data-language-autonym="Català" data-language-local-name="Katalan" class="interlanguage-link-target">Català</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cdo mw-list-item"><a href="https://cdo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Mindong" lang="cdo" hreflang="cdo" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄" data-language-local-name="Mindong" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩東語 / Mìng-dĕ̤ng-ngṳ̄</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ceb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinyo" title="Actinyo – Cebuano" lang="ceb" hreflang="ceb" data-title="Actinyo" data-language-autonym="Cebuano" data-language-local-name="Cebuano" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cebuano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ckb mw-list-item"><a href="https://ckb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%DB%95%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%DB%86%D9%85" title="ئەکتینیۆم – Kurdi Sorani" lang="ckb" hreflang="ckb" data-title="ئەکتینیۆم" data-language-autonym="کوردی" data-language-local-name="Kurdi Sorani" class="interlanguage-link-target">کوردی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-co mw-list-item"><a href="https://co.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attiniu" title="Attiniu – Korsika" lang="co" hreflang="co" data-title="Attiniu" data-language-autonym="Corsu" data-language-local-name="Korsika" class="interlanguage-link-target">Corsu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cs mw-list-item"><a href="https://cs.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Cheska" lang="cs" hreflang="cs" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Čeština" data-language-local-name="Cheska" class="interlanguage-link-target">Čeština</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cv mw-list-item"><a href="https://cv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Chuvash" lang="cv" hreflang="cv" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Чӑвашла" data-language-local-name="Chuvash" class="interlanguage-link-target">Чӑвашла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-cy mw-list-item"><a href="https://cy.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniwm" title="Actiniwm – Welsh" lang="cy" hreflang="cy" data-title="Actiniwm" data-language-autonym="Cymraeg" data-language-local-name="Welsh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Cymraeg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-da mw-list-item"><a href="https://da.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Dansk" lang="da" hreflang="da" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Dansk" data-language-local-name="Dansk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Dansk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-de mw-list-item"><a href="https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Jerman" lang="de" hreflang="de" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Deutsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman" class="interlanguage-link-target">Deutsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-el mw-list-item"><a href="https://el.wikipedia.org/wiki/%CE%91%CE%BA%CF%84%CE%AF%CE%BD%CE%B9%CE%BF_(%CF%83%CF%84%CE%BF%CE%B9%CF%87%CE%B5%CE%AF%CE%BF)" title="Ακτίνιο (στοιχείο) – Yunani" lang="el" hreflang="el" data-title="Ακτίνιο (στοιχείο)" data-language-autonym="Ελληνικά" data-language-local-name="Yunani" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ελληνικά</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-en badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Inggris" lang="en" hreflang="en" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="English" data-language-local-name="Inggris" class="interlanguage-link-target">English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eo mw-list-item"><a href="https://eo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinio" title="Aktinio – Esperanto" lang="eo" hreflang="eo" data-title="Aktinio" data-language-autonym="Esperanto" data-language-local-name="Esperanto" class="interlanguage-link-target">Esperanto</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-es badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://es.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinio" title="Actinio – Spanyol" lang="es" hreflang="es" data-title="Actinio" data-language-autonym="Español" data-language-local-name="Spanyol" class="interlanguage-link-target">Español</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-et mw-list-item"><a href="https://et.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiinium" title="Aktiinium – Esti" lang="et" hreflang="et" data-title="Aktiinium" data-language-autonym="Eesti" data-language-local-name="Esti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Eesti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-eu mw-list-item"><a href="https://eu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinio" title="Aktinio – Basque" lang="eu" hreflang="eu" data-title="Aktinio" data-language-autonym="Euskara" data-language-local-name="Basque" class="interlanguage-link-target">Euskara</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fa mw-list-item"><a href="https://fa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DA%A9%D8%AA%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="اکتینیم – Persia" lang="fa" hreflang="fa" data-title="اکتینیم" data-language-autonym="فارسی" data-language-local-name="Persia" class="interlanguage-link-target">فارسی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fi mw-list-item"><a href="https://fi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Suomi" lang="fi" hreflang="fi" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Suomi" data-language-local-name="Suomi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Suomi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fr mw-list-item"><a href="https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Prancis" lang="fr" hreflang="fr" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Français" data-language-local-name="Prancis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Français</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-frr mw-list-item"><a href="https://frr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiinium" title="Aktiinium – Frisia Utara" lang="frr" hreflang="frr" data-title="Aktiinium" data-language-autonym="Nordfriisk" data-language-local-name="Frisia Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nordfriisk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-fur mw-list-item"><a href="https://fur.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atini" title="Atini – Friuli" lang="fur" hreflang="fur" data-title="Atini" data-language-autonym="Furlan" data-language-local-name="Friuli" class="interlanguage-link-target">Furlan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ga mw-list-item"><a href="https://ga.wikipedia.org/wiki/Achtainiam" title="Achtainiam – Irlandia" lang="ga" hreflang="ga" data-title="Achtainiam" data-language-autonym="Gaeilge" data-language-local-name="Irlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaeilge</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gd mw-list-item"><a href="https://gd.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Gaelik Skotlandia" lang="gd" hreflang="gd" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Gàidhlig" data-language-local-name="Gaelik Skotlandia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gàidhlig</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gl mw-list-item"><a href="https://gl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinio" title="Actinio – Galisia" lang="gl" hreflang="gl" data-title="Actinio" data-language-autonym="Galego" data-language-local-name="Galisia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Galego</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gu mw-list-item"><a href="https://gu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AA%8F%E0%AA%95%E0%AB%8D%E0%AA%9F%E0%AA%BF%E0%AA%A8%E0%AB%80%E0%AA%AF%E0%AA%AE" title="એક્ટિનીયમ – Gujarat" lang="gu" hreflang="gu" data-title="એક્ટિનીયમ" data-language-autonym="ગુજરાતી" data-language-local-name="Gujarat" class="interlanguage-link-target">ગુજરાતી</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-gv mw-list-item"><a href="https://gv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aghtinnium" title="Aghtinnium – Manx" lang="gv" hreflang="gv" data-title="Aghtinnium" data-language-autonym="Gaelg" data-language-local-name="Manx" class="interlanguage-link-target">Gaelg</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hak mw-list-item"><a href="https://hak.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Hakka Chinese" lang="hak" hreflang="hak" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî" data-language-local-name="Hakka Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">客家語 / Hak-kâ-ngî</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-he mw-list-item"><a href="https://he.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D7%90%D7%A7%D7%98%D7%99%D7%A0%D7%99%D7%95%D7%9D" title="אקטיניום – Ibrani" lang="he" hreflang="he" data-title="אקטיניום" data-language-autonym="עברית" data-language-local-name="Ibrani" class="interlanguage-link-target">עברית</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hi mw-list-item"><a href="https://hi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%90%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ऐक्टिनियम – Hindi" lang="hi" hreflang="hi" data-title="ऐक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="हिन्दी" data-language-local-name="Hindi" class="interlanguage-link-target">हिन्दी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hif mw-list-item"><a href="https://hif.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Hindi Fiji" lang="hif" hreflang="hif" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Fiji Hindi" data-language-local-name="Hindi Fiji" class="interlanguage-link-target">Fiji Hindi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hr mw-list-item"><a href="https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinij" title="Aktinij – Kroasia" lang="hr" hreflang="hr" data-title="Aktinij" data-language-autonym="Hrvatski" data-language-local-name="Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Hrvatski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ht mw-list-item"><a href="https://ht.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktini%C3%B2m" title="Aktiniòm – Kreol Haiti" lang="ht" hreflang="ht" data-title="Aktiniòm" data-language-autonym="Kreyòl ayisyen" data-language-local-name="Kreol Haiti" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kreyòl ayisyen</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hu mw-list-item"><a href="https://hu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt%C3%ADnium" title="Aktínium – Hungaria" lang="hu" hreflang="hu" data-title="Aktínium" data-language-autonym="Magyar" data-language-local-name="Hungaria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Magyar</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-hy mw-list-item"><a href="https://hy.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D4%B1%D5%AF%D5%BF%D5%AB%D5%B6%D5%AB%D5%B8%D6%82%D5%B4" title="Ակտինիում – Armenia" lang="hy" hreflang="hy" data-title="Ակտինիում" data-language-autonym="Հայերեն" data-language-local-name="Armenia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Հայերեն</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ia mw-list-item"><a href="https://ia.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Interlingua" lang="ia" hreflang="ia" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Interlingua" data-language-local-name="Interlingua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Interlingua</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-io mw-list-item"><a href="https://io.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiniumo" title="Aktiniumo – Ido" lang="io" hreflang="io" data-title="Aktiniumo" data-language-autonym="Ido" data-language-local-name="Ido" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ido</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-it mw-list-item"><a href="https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attinio" title="Attinio – Italia" lang="it" hreflang="it" data-title="Attinio" data-language-autonym="Italiano" data-language-local-name="Italia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Italiano</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ja mw-list-item"><a href="https://ja.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E3%82%A2%E3%82%AF%E3%83%81%E3%83%8B%E3%82%A6%E3%83%A0" title="アクチニウム – Jepang" lang="ja" hreflang="ja" data-title="アクチニウム" data-language-autonym="日本語" data-language-local-name="Jepang" class="interlanguage-link-target">日本語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jbo mw-list-item"><a href="https://jbo.wikipedia.org/wiki/jinmrtaktini" title="jinmrtaktini – Lojban" lang="jbo" hreflang="jbo" data-title="jinmrtaktini" data-language-autonym="La .lojban." data-language-local-name="Lojban" class="interlanguage-link-target">La .lojban.</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-jv mw-list-item"><a href="https://jv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Jawa" lang="jv" hreflang="jv" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Jawa" data-language-local-name="Jawa" class="interlanguage-link-target">Jawa</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ka mw-list-item"><a href="https://ka.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%83%90%E1%83%A5%E1%83%A2%E1%83%98%E1%83%9C%E1%83%98%E1%83%A3%E1%83%9B%E1%83%98" title="აქტინიუმი – Georgia" lang="ka" hreflang="ka" data-title="აქტინიუმი" data-language-autonym="ქართული" data-language-local-name="Georgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">ქართული</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kbp mw-list-item"><a href="https://kbp.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ak%C9%A9t%C9%A9n%C9%A9y%C9%94m" title="Akɩtɩnɩyɔm – Kabiye" lang="kbp" hreflang="kbp" data-title="Akɩtɩnɩyɔm" data-language-autonym="Kabɩyɛ" data-language-local-name="Kabiye" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kabɩyɛ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kk mw-list-item"><a href="https://kk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Kazakh" lang="kk" hreflang="kk" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Қазақша" data-language-local-name="Kazakh" class="interlanguage-link-target">Қазақша</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kn mw-list-item"><a href="https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%86%E0%B2%95%E0%B3%8D%E0%B2%9F%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BF%E0%B2%AF%E0%B2%AE%E0%B3%8D" title="ಆಕ್ಟಿನಿಯಮ್ – Kannada" lang="kn" hreflang="kn" data-title="ಆಕ್ಟಿನಿಯಮ್" data-language-autonym="ಕನ್ನಡ" data-language-local-name="Kannada" class="interlanguage-link-target">ಕನ್ನಡ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ko mw-list-item"><a href="https://ko.wikipedia.org/wiki/%EC%95%85%ED%8B%B0%EB%8A%84" title="악티늄 – Korea" lang="ko" hreflang="ko" data-title="악티늄" data-language-autonym="한국어" data-language-local-name="Korea" class="interlanguage-link-target">한국어</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kv mw-list-item"><a href="https://kv.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Komi" lang="kv" hreflang="kv" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Коми" data-language-local-name="Komi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Коми</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-kw mw-list-item"><a href="https://kw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiniom" title="Aktiniom – Kornish" lang="kw" hreflang="kw" data-title="Aktiniom" data-language-autonym="Kernowek" data-language-local-name="Kornish" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kernowek</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ky mw-list-item"><a href="https://ky.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Kirgiz" lang="ky" hreflang="ky" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Кыргызча" data-language-local-name="Kirgiz" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кыргызча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-la mw-list-item"><a href="https://la.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Latin" lang="la" hreflang="la" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Latina" data-language-local-name="Latin" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lb mw-list-item"><a href="https://lb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Luksemburg" lang="lb" hreflang="lb" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Lëtzebuergesch" data-language-local-name="Luksemburg" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lëtzebuergesch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-li mw-list-item"><a href="https://li.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Limburgia" lang="li" hreflang="li" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Limburgs" data-language-local-name="Limburgia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Limburgs</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lij mw-list-item"><a href="https://lij.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attinio" title="Attinio – Liguria" lang="lij" hreflang="lij" data-title="Attinio" data-language-autonym="Ligure" data-language-local-name="Liguria" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ligure</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lt mw-list-item"><a href="https://lt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinis" title="Aktinis – Lituavi" lang="lt" hreflang="lt" data-title="Aktinis" data-language-autonym="Lietuvių" data-language-local-name="Lituavi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Lietuvių</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-lv mw-list-item"><a href="https://lv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt%C4%ABnijs" title="Aktīnijs – Latvi" lang="lv" hreflang="lv" data-title="Aktīnijs" data-language-autonym="Latviešu" data-language-local-name="Latvi" class="interlanguage-link-target">Latviešu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mk mw-list-item"><a href="https://mk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Актиниум – Makedonia" lang="mk" hreflang="mk" data-title="Актиниум" data-language-autonym="Македонски" data-language-local-name="Makedonia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Македонски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ml mw-list-item"><a href="https://ml.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B4%86%E0%B4%95%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B5%8D%E0%B4%B1%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%A8%E0%B4%BF%E0%B4%AF%E0%B4%82" title="ആക്റ്റിനിയം – Malayalam" lang="ml" hreflang="ml" data-title="ആക്റ്റിനിയം" data-language-autonym="മലയാളം" data-language-local-name="Malayalam" class="interlanguage-link-target">മലയാളം</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mn mw-list-item"><a href="https://mn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8" title="Актини – Mongolia" lang="mn" hreflang="mn" data-title="Актини" data-language-autonym="Монгол" data-language-local-name="Mongolia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Монгол</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mr mw-list-item"><a href="https://mr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A5%B2%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="ॲक्टिनियम – Marathi" lang="mr" hreflang="mr" data-title="ॲक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="मराठी" data-language-local-name="Marathi" class="interlanguage-link-target">मराठी</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-mrj mw-list-item"><a href="https://mrj.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Western Mari" lang="mrj" hreflang="mrj" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Кырык мары" data-language-local-name="Western Mari" class="interlanguage-link-target">Кырык мары</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ms mw-list-item"><a href="https://ms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Melayu" lang="ms" hreflang="ms" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Bahasa Melayu" data-language-local-name="Melayu" class="interlanguage-link-target">Bahasa Melayu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-my mw-list-item"><a href="https://my.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E1%80%A1%E1%80%80%E1%80%BA%E1%80%90%E1%80%AE%E1%80%94%E1%80%AE%E1%80%9A%E1%80%99%E1%80%BA" title="အက်တီနီယမ် – Burma" lang="my" hreflang="my" data-title="အက်တီနီယမ်" data-language-autonym="မြန်မာဘာသာ" data-language-local-name="Burma" class="interlanguage-link-target">မြန်မာဘာသာ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nds mw-list-item"><a href="https://nds.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Jerman Rendah" lang="nds" hreflang="nds" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Plattdüütsch" data-language-local-name="Jerman Rendah" class="interlanguage-link-target">Plattdüütsch</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-new mw-list-item"><a href="https://new.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="एक्टिनियम – Newari" lang="new" hreflang="new" data-title="एक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="नेपाल भाषा" data-language-local-name="Newari" class="interlanguage-link-target">नेपाल भाषा</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nl mw-list-item"><a href="https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Belanda" lang="nl" hreflang="nl" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Nederlands" data-language-local-name="Belanda" class="interlanguage-link-target">Nederlands</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-nn mw-list-item"><a href="https://nn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Nynorsk Norwegia" lang="nn" hreflang="nn" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Norsk nynorsk" data-language-local-name="Nynorsk Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk nynorsk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-no mw-list-item"><a href="https://no.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Bokmål Norwegia" lang="nb" hreflang="nb" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Norsk bokmål" data-language-local-name="Bokmål Norwegia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Norsk bokmål</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-oc mw-list-item"><a href="https://oc.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actini" title="Actini – Ositania" lang="oc" hreflang="oc" data-title="Actini" data-language-autonym="Occitan" data-language-local-name="Ositania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Occitan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-olo mw-list-item"><a href="https://olo.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiinii" title="Aktiinii – Livvi-Karelian" lang="olo" hreflang="olo" data-title="Aktiinii" data-language-autonym="Livvinkarjala" data-language-local-name="Livvi-Karelian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Livvinkarjala</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-or mw-list-item"><a href="https://or.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AC%86%E0%AC%95%E0%AD%8D%E0%AC%9F%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%A8%E0%AC%BF%E0%AC%85%E0%AC%AE" title="ଆକ୍ଟିନିଅମ – Oriya" lang="or" hreflang="or" data-title="ଆକ୍ଟିନିଅମ" data-language-autonym="ଓଡ଼ିଆ" data-language-local-name="Oriya" class="interlanguage-link-target">ଓଡ଼ିଆ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-os mw-list-item"><a href="https://os.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Ossetia" lang="os" hreflang="os" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Ирон" data-language-local-name="Ossetia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Ирон</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pag mw-list-item"><a href="https://pag.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinyo" title="Aktinyo – Pangasina" lang="pag" hreflang="pag" data-title="Aktinyo" data-language-autonym="Pangasinan" data-language-local-name="Pangasina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Pangasinan</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pi mw-list-item"><a href="https://pi.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="एक्टिनियम – Pali" lang="pi" hreflang="pi" data-title="एक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="पालि" data-language-local-name="Pali" class="interlanguage-link-target">पालि</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pl mw-list-item"><a href="https://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktyn" title="Aktyn – Polski" lang="pl" hreflang="pl" data-title="Aktyn" data-language-autonym="Polski" data-language-local-name="Polski" class="interlanguage-link-target">Polski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pms mw-list-item"><a href="https://pms.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actini" title="Actini – Piedmontese" lang="pms" hreflang="pms" data-title="Actini" data-language-autonym="Piemontèis" data-language-local-name="Piedmontese" class="interlanguage-link-target">Piemontèis</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pnb mw-list-item"><a href="https://pnb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A7%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%DB%8C%D9%86%DB%8C%D9%85" title="ایکٹینیم – Western Punjabi" lang="pnb" hreflang="pnb" data-title="ایکٹینیم" data-language-autonym="پنجابی" data-language-local-name="Western Punjabi" class="interlanguage-link-target">پنجابی</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ps mw-list-item"><a href="https://ps.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A2%DA%A9%D9%BC%DB%90%D9%86%D9%8A%D9%88%D9%85" title="آکټېنيوم – Pashto" lang="ps" hreflang="ps" data-title="آکټېنيوم" data-language-autonym="پښتو" data-language-local-name="Pashto" class="interlanguage-link-target">پښتو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-pt mw-list-item"><a href="https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Act%C3%ADnio" title="Actínio – Portugis" lang="pt" hreflang="pt" data-title="Actínio" data-language-autonym="Português" data-language-local-name="Portugis" class="interlanguage-link-target">Português</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-qu mw-list-item"><a href="https://qu.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinyu" title="Aktinyu – Quechua" lang="qu" hreflang="qu" data-title="Aktinyu" data-language-autonym="Runa Simi" data-language-local-name="Quechua" class="interlanguage-link-target">Runa Simi</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ro badge-Q17437796 badge-featuredarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel pilihan"><a href="https://ro.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniu" title="Actiniu – Rumania" lang="ro" hreflang="ro" data-title="Actiniu" data-language-autonym="Română" data-language-local-name="Rumania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Română</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-roa-rup mw-list-item"><a href="https://roa-rup.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actiniu" title="Actiniu – Aromania" lang="rup" hreflang="rup" data-title="Actiniu" data-language-autonym="Armãneashti" data-language-local-name="Aromania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Armãneashti</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ru mw-list-item"><a href="https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Rusia" lang="ru" hreflang="ru" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Русский" data-language-local-name="Rusia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русский</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-rue mw-list-item"><a href="https://rue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D1%96%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Актіній – Rusyn" lang="rue" hreflang="rue" data-title="Актіній" data-language-autonym="Русиньскый" data-language-local-name="Rusyn" class="interlanguage-link-target">Русиньскый</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sa mw-list-item"><a href="https://sa.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%A4%8F%E0%A4%95%E0%A5%8D%E0%A4%9F%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%A8%E0%A4%BF%E0%A4%AF%E0%A4%AE" title="एक्टिनियम – Sanskerta" lang="sa" hreflang="sa" data-title="एक्टिनियम" data-language-autonym="संस्कृतम्" data-language-local-name="Sanskerta" class="interlanguage-link-target">संस्कृतम्</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sah mw-list-item"><a href="https://sah.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Актиниум – Sakha" lang="sah" hreflang="sah" data-title="Актиниум" data-language-autonym="Саха тыла" data-language-local-name="Sakha" class="interlanguage-link-target">Саха тыла</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sc mw-list-item"><a href="https://sc.wikipedia.org/wiki/At%C3%ACniu" title="Atìniu – Sardinia" lang="sc" hreflang="sc" data-title="Atìniu" data-language-autonym="Sardu" data-language-local-name="Sardinia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sardu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-scn mw-list-item"><a href="https://scn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Attiniu" title="Attiniu – Sisilia" lang="scn" hreflang="scn" data-title="Attiniu" data-language-autonym="Sicilianu" data-language-local-name="Sisilia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Sicilianu</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-se mw-list-item"><a href="https://se.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Sami Utara" lang="se" hreflang="se" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Davvisámegiella" data-language-local-name="Sami Utara" class="interlanguage-link-target">Davvisámegiella</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sh mw-list-item"><a href="https://sh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinijum" title="Aktinijum – Serbo-Kroasia" lang="sh" hreflang="sh" data-title="Aktinijum" data-language-autonym="Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски" data-language-local-name="Serbo-Kroasia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Srpskohrvatski / српскохрватски</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-shi mw-list-item"><a href="https://shi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinyum" title="Aktinyum – Tachelhit" lang="shi" hreflang="shi" data-title="Aktinyum" data-language-autonym="Taclḥit" data-language-local-name="Tachelhit" class="interlanguage-link-target">Taclḥit</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-simple mw-list-item"><a href="https://simple.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Simple English" lang="en-simple" hreflang="en-simple" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="Simple English" data-language-local-name="Simple English" class="interlanguage-link-target">Simple English</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sk mw-list-item"><a href="https://sk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akt%C3%ADnium" title="Aktínium – Slovak" lang="sk" hreflang="sk" data-title="Aktínium" data-language-autonym="Slovenčina" data-language-local-name="Slovak" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenčina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sl mw-list-item"><a href="https://sl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinij" title="Aktinij – Sloven" lang="sl" hreflang="sl" data-title="Aktinij" data-language-autonym="Slovenščina" data-language-local-name="Sloven" class="interlanguage-link-target">Slovenščina</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-so mw-list-item"><a href="https://so.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiiniyaam" title="Aktiiniyaam – Somalia" lang="so" hreflang="so" data-title="Aktiiniyaam" data-language-autonym="Soomaaliga" data-language-local-name="Somalia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Soomaaliga</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sq mw-list-item"><a href="https://sq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiniumi" title="Aktiniumi – Albania" lang="sq" hreflang="sq" data-title="Aktiniumi" data-language-autonym="Shqip" data-language-local-name="Albania" class="interlanguage-link-target">Shqip</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sr mw-list-item"><a href="https://sr.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%98%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Актинијум – Serbia" lang="sr" hreflang="sr" data-title="Актинијум" data-language-autonym="Српски / srpski" data-language-local-name="Serbia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Српски / srpski</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-stq mw-list-item"><a href="https://stq.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Saterland Frisian" lang="stq" hreflang="stq" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Seeltersk" data-language-local-name="Saterland Frisian" class="interlanguage-link-target">Seeltersk</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sv mw-list-item"><a href="https://sv.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinium" title="Aktinium – Swedia" lang="sv" hreflang="sv" data-title="Aktinium" data-language-autonym="Svenska" data-language-local-name="Swedia" class="interlanguage-link-target">Svenska</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-sw mw-list-item"><a href="https://sw.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktini" title="Aktini – Swahili" lang="sw" hreflang="sw" data-title="Aktini" data-language-autonym="Kiswahili" data-language-local-name="Swahili" class="interlanguage-link-target">Kiswahili</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ta mw-list-item"><a href="https://ta.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%AE%86%E0%AE%95%E0%AF%8D%E0%AE%9F%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%A9%E0%AE%BF%E0%AE%AF%E0%AE%AE%E0%AF%8D" title="ஆக்டினியம் – Tamil" lang="ta" hreflang="ta" data-title="ஆக்டினியம்" data-language-autonym="தமிழ்" data-language-local-name="Tamil" class="interlanguage-link-target">தமிழ்</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-te mw-list-item"><a href="https://te.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%BE%E0%B0%95%E0%B1%8D%E0%B0%9F%E0%B1%80%E0%B0%A8%E0%B0%BF%E0%B0%AF%E0%B0%82" title="యాక్టీనియం – Telugu" lang="te" hreflang="te" data-title="యాక్టీనియం" data-language-autonym="తెలుగు" data-language-local-name="Telugu" class="interlanguage-link-target">తెలుగు</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tg mw-list-item"><a href="https://tg.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Tajik" lang="tg" hreflang="tg" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Тоҷикӣ" data-language-local-name="Tajik" class="interlanguage-link-target">Тоҷикӣ</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-th mw-list-item"><a href="https://th.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B9%81%E0%B8%AD%E0%B8%81%E0%B8%97%E0%B8%B4%E0%B9%80%E0%B8%99%E0%B8%B5%E0%B8%A2%E0%B8%A1" title="แอกทิเนียม – Thai" lang="th" hreflang="th" data-title="แอกทิเนียม" data-language-autonym="ไทย" data-language-local-name="Thai" class="interlanguage-link-target">ไทย</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tl mw-list-item"><a href="https://tl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinyo" title="Aktinyo – Tagalog" lang="tl" hreflang="tl" data-title="Aktinyo" data-language-autonym="Tagalog" data-language-local-name="Tagalog" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tagalog</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tr mw-list-item"><a href="https://tr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinyum" title="Aktinyum – Turki" lang="tr" hreflang="tr" data-title="Aktinyum" data-language-autonym="Türkçe" data-language-local-name="Turki" class="interlanguage-link-target">Türkçe</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-tt mw-list-item"><a href="https://tt.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%B9" title="Актиний – Tatar" lang="tt" hreflang="tt" data-title="Актиний" data-language-autonym="Татарча / tatarça" data-language-local-name="Tatar" class="interlanguage-link-target">Татарча / tatarça</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ug mw-list-item"><a href="https://ug.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%A6%D8%A7%D9%83%D8%AA%D9%89%D9%86%D9%89%D9%8A" title="ئاكتىنىي – Uyghur" lang="ug" hreflang="ug" data-title="ئاكتىنىي" data-language-autonym="ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche" data-language-local-name="Uyghur" class="interlanguage-link-target">ئۇيغۇرچە / Uyghurche</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uk mw-list-item"><a href="https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D1%96%D0%B9" title="Актиній – Ukraina" lang="uk" hreflang="uk" data-title="Актиній" data-language-autonym="Українська" data-language-local-name="Ukraina" class="interlanguage-link-target">Українська</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-ur mw-list-item"><a href="https://ur.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D8%B9%DB%8C%DA%A9%D9%B9%D9%86%DB%8C%D8%A6%D9%85" title="عیکٹنیئم – Urdu" lang="ur" hreflang="ur" data-title="عیکٹنیئم" data-language-autonym="اردو" data-language-local-name="Urdu" class="interlanguage-link-target">اردو</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-uz mw-list-item"><a href="https://uz.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktiniy" title="Aktiniy – Uzbek" lang="uz" hreflang="uz" data-title="Aktiniy" data-language-autonym="Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча" data-language-local-name="Uzbek" class="interlanguage-link-target">Oʻzbekcha / ўзбекча</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vep mw-list-item"><a href="https://vep.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aktinii_(himine_element)" title="Aktinii (himine element) – Veps" lang="vep" hreflang="vep" data-title="Aktinii (himine element)" data-language-autonym="Vepsän kel’" data-language-local-name="Veps" class="interlanguage-link-target">Vepsän kel’</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-vi mw-list-item"><a href="https://vi.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actini" title="Actini – Vietnam" lang="vi" hreflang="vi" data-title="Actini" data-language-autonym="Tiếng Việt" data-language-local-name="Vietnam" class="interlanguage-link-target">Tiếng Việt</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-war mw-list-item"><a href="https://war.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinyo" title="Actinyo – Warai" lang="war" hreflang="war" data-title="Actinyo" data-language-autonym="Winaray" data-language-local-name="Warai" class="interlanguage-link-target">Winaray</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-wuu mw-list-item"><a href="https://wuu.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕 – Wu Tionghoa" lang="wuu" hreflang="wuu" data-title="锕" data-language-autonym="吴语" data-language-local-name="Wu Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">吴语</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-xal mw-list-item"><a href="https://xal.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%90%D0%BA%D1%82%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%83%D0%BC" title="Актиниум – Kalmuk" lang="xal" hreflang="xal" data-title="Актиниум" data-language-autonym="Хальмг" data-language-local-name="Kalmuk" class="interlanguage-link-target">Хальмг</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-yo mw-list-item"><a href="https://yo.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C3%80kt%C3%ADn%C3%AD%E1%BB%8D%CC%80m" title="Àktíníọ̀m – Yoruba" lang="yo" hreflang="yo" data-title="Àktíníọ̀m" data-language-autonym="Yorùbá" data-language-local-name="Yoruba" class="interlanguage-link-target">Yorùbá</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh badge-Q17437798 badge-goodarticle mw-list-item" title="artikel bagus"><a href="https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%94%95" title="锕 – Tionghoa" lang="zh" hreflang="zh" data-title="锕" data-language-autonym="中文" data-language-local-name="Tionghoa" class="interlanguage-link-target">中文</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-classical mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-classical.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%92" title="錒 – Literary Chinese" lang="lzh" hreflang="lzh" data-title="錒" data-language-autonym="文言" data-language-local-name="Literary Chinese" class="interlanguage-link-target">文言</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-min-nan mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-min-nan.wikipedia.org/wiki/Actinium" title="Actinium – Minnan" lang="nan" hreflang="nan" data-title="Actinium" data-language-autonym="閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú" data-language-local-name="Minnan" class="interlanguage-link-target">閩南語 / Bân-lâm-gú</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zh-yue mw-list-item"><a href="https://zh-yue.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8C%92" title="錒 – Kanton" lang="yue" hreflang="yue" data-title="錒" data-language-autonym="粵語" data-language-local-name="Kanton" class="interlanguage-link-target">粵語</a></li><li class="interlanguage-link interwiki-zu mw-list-item"><a href="https://zu.wikipedia.org/wiki/IsAcagu" title="IsAcagu – Zulu" lang="zu" hreflang="zu" data-title="IsAcagu" data-language-autonym="IsiZulu" data-language-local-name="Zulu" class="interlanguage-link-target">IsiZulu</a></li> </ul> <div class="after-portlet after-portlet-lang"><a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Special:EntityPage/Q1121#sitelinks-wikipedia" title="Sunting pranala interwiki" class="wbc-editpage">Sunting pranala</a></div> </div> </div> </div> </header> <div class="vector-page-toolbar"> <div class="vector-page-toolbar-container"> <div id="left-navigation"> <nav aria-label="Ruang nama"> <div id="p-associated-pages" class="vector-menu vector-menu-tabs mw-portlet mw-portlet-associated-pages" > <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="ca-nstab-main" class="selected vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Aktinium" title="Lihat halaman isi [c]" accesskey="c">Halaman</a></li><li id="ca-talk" class="vector-tab-noicon mw-list-item"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan:Aktinium" 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href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:UrlShortener&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAktinium">Lihat URL pendek</a></li><li id="t-urlshortener-qrcode" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:QrCode&url=https%3A%2F%2Fid.wikipedia.org%2Fwiki%2FAktinium">Unduh kode QR</a></li> </ul> </div> </div> <div id="p-coll-print_export" class="vector-menu mw-portlet mw-portlet-coll-print_export" > <div class="vector-menu-heading"> Cetak/ekspor </div> <div class="vector-menu-content"> <ul class="vector-menu-content-list"> <li id="coll-create_a_book" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:Buku&bookcmd=book_creator&referer=Aktinium">Buat buku</a></li><li id="coll-download-as-rl" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Istimewa:DownloadAsPdf&page=Aktinium&action=show-download-screen">Unduh versi PDF</a></li><li id="t-print" class="mw-list-item"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&printable=yes" title="Versi cetak halaman ini [p]" accesskey="p">Versi 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</nav> </div> </div> <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body" aria-labelledby="firstHeading" data-mw-ve-target-container> <div class="vector-body-before-content"> <div class="mw-indicators"> </div> <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">Dari Wikipedia bahasa Indonesia, ensiklopedia bebas</div> </div> <div id="contentSub"><div id="mw-content-subtitle"></div></div> <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content"><div class="mw-content-ltr mw-parser-output" lang="id" dir="ltr"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r22657712">.mw-parser-output .infobox-subbox{padding:0;border:none;margin:-3px;width:auto;min-width:100%;font-size:100%;clear:none;float:none;background-color:transparent}.mw-parser-output .infobox-3cols-child{margin:auto}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-header,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-subheader,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-above,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-title,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-image,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-full-data,body.skin-minerva .mw-parser-output .infobox-below{text-align:center}</style><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r26333552">.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{display:table-cell;vertical-align:middle}@media only screen and (min-width:720px){.mw-parser-output .ib-station{width:25.5em}.mw-parser-output .ib-station-name{width:inherit}}</style><table class="infobox ib-country vcard" style="font-size:88%;"><tbody><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-above adr" style="background:lightgray;padding:0.25em 0.33em 0.33em;line-height:1.2em;font-size:1.25em;"><div style="float:right;display:inline;background:lightgray;font-size:150%;">89Ac</div>Aktinium</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Actinium_sample_(31481701837).png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Actinium_sample_%2831481701837%29.png/220px-Actinium_sample_%2831481701837%29.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="275" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Actinium_sample_%2831481701837%29.png/330px-Actinium_sample_%2831481701837%29.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/27/Actinium_sample_%2831481701837%29.png/440px-Actinium_sample_%2831481701837%29.png 2x" data-file-width="2400" data-file-height="3000" /></a><div class="infobox-caption">Aktinium di dalam botol berbentuk V. Cahaya biru berasal dari ionisasi udara akibat partikel alfa</div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-image"><div style="background:black"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Actinium_spectrum_visible.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Actinium_spectrum_visible.png/220px-Actinium_spectrum_visible.png" decoding="async" width="220" height="38" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Actinium_spectrum_visible.png/330px-Actinium_spectrum_visible.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/50/Actinium_spectrum_visible.png/440px-Actinium_spectrum_visible.png 2x" data-file-width="7430" data-file-height="1280" /></a> </div><div class="infobox-caption">Garis spektrum aktinium</div></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc">Sifat umum</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Pengucapan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">/aktinium/<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Penampilan</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">putih keperakan, bersinar dengan cahaya biru yang aneh;<a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a> terkadang dengan cast emas<a href="#cite_note-Kirby-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r22657712"></td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc">Aktinium dalam <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">tabel periodik</a></th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:185px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"><figure class="mw-halign-right" typeof="mw:File"><a href="/wiki/Media:Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg" title="Media:Electron shell 089 Actinium.svg"><img alt="Perbesar gambar" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg/50px-Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="54" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg/75px-Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/f/f0/Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg/100px-Electron_shell_089_Actinium.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="800" data-file-height="860" /></a><figcaption></figcaption></figure></div> <div style="z-index:1;overflow:hidden;position:absolute;font-size:120%;right:140px;margin:0.1em;font-family:'Linux Libertine',Georgia,Times,serif ; line-height:0.9"> 89Ac</div> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center; width:100%; margin:0; background:#f8f8f8;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table class="periodictable" style="margin:0 auto"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none; width:5px"><div style="background-color:transparent; margin:0; padding:0; text-align:center; border:none;"> <table style="empty-cells:hidden; border:none; padding:0; border-spacing:1px; border-collapse:separate; margin:0;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">Hidrogen</a> </td> <td colspan="30" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">Helium</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lithium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lithium">Lithium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Berilium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">Boron</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">Karbon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">Nitrogen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">Oksigen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fluor" class="mw-redirect" title="Fluor">Fluor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Neon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Natrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Magnesium</a> </td> <td colspan="24" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Aluminium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Silikon</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fosfor" title="Fosfor">Fosfor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Sulfur" class="mw-redirect" title="Sulfur">Sulfur</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Clor&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Clor (halaman belum tersedia)">Clor</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Argon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Potasium" class="mw-redirect" title="Potasium">Potasium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Kalsium</a> </td> <td colspan="14" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Skandium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Titanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">Vanadium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Chromium" class="mw-redirect" title="Chromium">Chromium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mangan</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Besi</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cobalt" class="mw-redirect" title="Cobalt">Cobalt</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Nikel</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Tembaga</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Seng</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Gallium">Gallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Germanium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">Arsen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Selen&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Selen (halaman belum tersedia)">Selen</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Bromin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kripton</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rubidium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Strontium" class="mw-redirect" title="Strontium">Strontium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;; width:0;"> </td> <td colspan="13" style="border:none;padding:0;"> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Yttrium" class="mw-redirect" title="Yttrium">Yttrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Zirconium" class="mw-redirect" title="Zirconium">Zirconium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Niobium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Molybdenum" class="mw-redirect" title="Molybdenum">Molybdenum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Technetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Technetium">Technetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ruthenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ruthenium">Ruthenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhodium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhodium">Rhodium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Palladium" class="mw-redirect" title="Palladium">Palladium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Silver" class="mw-redirect" title="Silver">Silver</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cadmium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cadmium">Cadmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">Indium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tin" title="Tin">Tin</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Antimony" class="mw-redirect" title="Antimony">Antimony</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tellurium" class="mw-redirect" title="Tellurium">Tellurium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iodine" class="mw-redirect" title="Iodine">Iodine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xenon</a> </td></tr> <tr style="border:none;padding:0;"> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Caesium" class="mw-redirect" title="Caesium">Caesium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Barium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lanthanum" class="mw-redirect" title="Lanthanum">Lanthanum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Cerium" class="mw-redirect" title="Cerium">Cerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Praseodymium">Praseodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neodymium" class="mw-redirect" title="Neodymium">Neodymium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Promethium" class="mw-redirect" title="Promethium">Promethium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Samarium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Europium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gadolinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Terbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dysprosium" class="mw-redirect" title="Dysprosium">Dysprosium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Holmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Erbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thulium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thulium">Thulium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Ytterbium" class="mw-redirect" title="Ytterbium">Ytterbium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lutetium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lutetium">Lutetium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hafnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Tantalum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tungsten" class="mw-redirect" title="Tungsten">Tungsten</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rhenium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rhenium">Rhenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Osmium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Iridium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Platinum" class="mw-redirect" title="Platinum">Platinum</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Gold" class="mw-redirect" title="Gold">Gold</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mercury_(element)" class="mw-redirect" title="Mercury (element)">Mercury (element)</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thallium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thallium">Thallium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lead" class="mw-redirect" title="Lead">Lead</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bismuth" class="mw-redirect" title="Bismuth">Bismuth</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Polonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Astatine" class="mw-redirect" title="Astatine">Astatine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Radon</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Francium" class="mw-redirect" title="Francium">Francium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Radium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinium">Actinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Thorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorium">Thorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Protactinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Protactinium">Protactinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">Uranium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Neptunium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Plutonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Americium" class="mw-redirect" title="Americium">Americium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Curium" class="mw-redirect" title="Curium">Curium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Berkelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Californium" class="mw-redirect" title="Californium">Californium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Einsteinium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fermium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Mendelevium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">Nobelium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrencium">Lawrencium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Rutherfordium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rutherfordium">Rutherfordium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Dubnium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Seaborgium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bohrium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Hassium" class="mw-redirect" title="Hassium">Hassium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Meitnerium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Darmstadtium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Roentgenium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Copernicium" class="mw-redirect" title="Copernicium">Copernicium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nihonium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Flerovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Moscovium" class="mw-redirect" title="Moscovium">Moscovium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Livermorium</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Tennessine" class="mw-redirect" title="Tennessine">Tennessine</a> </td> <td style="border:none;padding:0;"><a href="/wiki/Oganesson" class="mw-redirect" title="Oganesson">Oganesson</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </div> </td> <td style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; width:10px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">La</a> ↑ Ac ↓ (Uqt) </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="2" class="nowrap" style="text-align:center; font-size:90%; line-height:100%; padding-top:0; padding-bottom:1px; border:none;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">radium</a> ← aktinium → <a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">torium</a> </td></tr></tbody></table> </td></tr></tbody></table> <a href="/wiki/Templat:Navbox_unsur_diperbesar" title="Templat:Navbox unsur diperbesar">Lihat bagan navigasi yang diperbesar</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">Nomor atom</a> (Z)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">89</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Golongan_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Golongan (tabel periodik)">Golongan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Blok_tabel_periodik" title="Blok tabel periodik">golongan n/a</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">Periode</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Periode_(tabel_periodik)#Periode_7" class="mw-redirect" title="Periode (tabel periodik)">periode 7</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Blok_(tabel_periodik)" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok (tabel periodik)">Blok</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Blok-f" class="mw-redirect" title="Blok-f">blok-f</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nama_kategori_unsur_kimia#Kategori" title="Nama kategori unsur kimia">Kategori unsur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">  <a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">aktinida</a>, kadang-kadang dianggap sebagai <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_massa" title="Nomor massa">Nomor massa</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">[227]</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konfigurasi_elektron" title="Konfigurasi elektron">Konfigurasi elektron</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">[<a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a>] 6d1 7s2 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kelopak_elektron" title="Kelopak elektron">Elektron per kelopak</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">2, 8, 18, 32, 18, 9, 2</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc">Sifat fisik</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Fase_benda" title="Fase benda">Fase</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Temperatur_dan_tekanan_standar" title="Temperatur dan tekanan standar">STS</a> (0 °C dan 101,325 <a href="/wiki/Pascal_(satuan)" title="Pascal (satuan)">kPa</a>)</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Padat" title="Padat">padat</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_lebur" title="Titik lebur">Titik lebur</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">1500 <a href="/wiki/Kelvin" title="Kelvin">K</a> (1227 °C, 2240 °F) (diperkirakan)<a href="#cite_note-Kirby-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Titik_didih" title="Titik didih">Titik didih</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">3500±300 K (3200±300 °C, 5800±500 °F) (diekstrapolasi)<a href="#cite_note-Kirby-3">[3]</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Massa_jenis" title="Massa jenis">Kepadatan</a> mendekati <a href="/wiki/Suhu_kamar" title="Suhu kamar">s.k.</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">10 g/cm3</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kalor_peleburan" title="Kalor peleburan">Kalor peleburan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">14 <a href="/wiki/Joule_per_mol" title="Joule per mol">kJ/mol</a> </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Entalpi_penguapan" title="Entalpi penguapan">Kalor penguapan</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">400 kJ/mol </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Kapasitas_kalor" title="Kapasitas kalor">Kapasitas kalor molar</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">27,2 J/(mol·K) </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc">Sifat atom</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Bilangan_oksidasi" title="Bilangan oksidasi">Bilangan oksidasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">+2, +3 (oksida <a href="/wiki/Basa" title="Basa">basa</a> kuat)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Elektronegativitas" title="Elektronegativitas">Elektronegativitas</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">Skala Pauling: 1,1 </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Energi_ionisasi" title="Energi ionisasi">Energi ionisasi</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">ke-1: 499 kJ/mol ke-2: 1170 kJ/mol ke-3: 1900 kJ/mol (<a href="/wiki/Energi_ionisasi_molar#aktinium" title="Energi ionisasi molar">artikel</a>) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Jari-jari_kovalen" title="Jari-jari kovalen">Jari-jari kovalen</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">215 <a href="/wiki/Pikometer" title="Pikometer">pm</a> </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc">Lain-lain</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Kelimpahan alami</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/wiki/Radioisotop_renik" title="Radioisotop renik">dari peluruhan</a></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Struktur_kristal" title="Struktur kristal">Struktur kristal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_kubus" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem kristal kubus">kubus berpusat muka</a> (fcc)<div style="float:right;"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Cubic-face-centered.svg" class="mw-file-description"><img alt="Struktur kristal Face-centered cubic untuk aktinium" src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Cubic-face-centered.svg/50px-Cubic-face-centered.svg.png" decoding="async" width="50" height="58" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Cubic-face-centered.svg/75px-Cubic-face-centered.svg.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c9/Cubic-face-centered.svg/100px-Cubic-face-centered.svg.png 2x" data-file-width="862" data-file-height="1002" /></a></div></td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Konduktivitas_termal" title="Konduktivitas termal">Konduktivitas termal</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">12 W/(m·K) </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Magnetisme" title="Magnetisme">Arah magnet</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">no data </td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Nomor_CAS" title="Nomor CAS">Nomor CAS</a></th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;">7440-34-8 </td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc">Sejarah</th></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em"><a href="/wiki/Penemuan_unsur_kimia" title="Penemuan unsur kimia">Penemuan</a> dan isolasi pertama</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Oskar_Giesel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Oskar Giesel (halaman belum tersedia)">Friedrich O. Giesel</a> (1902, 1903)</td></tr><tr><th scope="row" class="infobox-label" style="line-height:1.15em; padding-right:0.75em;;padding-left:0.35em">Asal nama</th><td class="infobox-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9-Louis_Debierne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André-Louis Debierne (halaman belum tersedia)">A. Debierne</a> (1899)</td></tr><tr><th colspan="2" class="infobox-header" style="text-align:center; line-height:normal;background:#ff99cc"><a href="/wiki/Isotop_aktinium" title="Isotop aktinium">Isotop aktinium</a> yang utama</th></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-full-data" style="padding-left:0em; padding-right:0em;line-height:1.35em;"> <table class="wikitable" cellpadding="1" style="text-align:center;width:100%; border-collapse:collapse; margin:0; padding:0;"> <tbody><tr> <th><a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotop</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Kelimpahan_alami" class="mw-redirect" title="Kelimpahan alami">Kelimpahan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">Waktu paruh</a> (t1/2) </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif#Mode_peluruhan" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">Mode peluruhan</a> </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Produk_peluruhan" title="Produk peluruhan">Produk</a> </th></tr> <tr> <th style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Actinium-225" class="mw-redirect" title="Actinium-225">225Ac</a> </th> <td style="text-align:center;"><a href="/wiki/Radioisotop_renik" title="Radioisotop renik">renik</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;">10 hri </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_alfa" title="Peluruhan alfa">α</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium-221" class="mw-redirect" title="Fransium-221">221Fr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="3" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">226Ac </th> <td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:center"><a href="/wiki/Radioisotop_sintetis" title="Radioisotop sintetis">sintetis</a> </td> <td rowspan="3" style="vertical-align:middle; text-align:right;">29,37 jam </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">β−</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Torium-226" class="mw-redirect" title="Torium-226">226Th</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Penangkapan_elektron" class="mw-redirect" title="Penangkapan elektron">ε</a> </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Radium-226" class="mw-redirect" title="Radium-226">226Ra</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>α </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium-222" class="mw-redirect" title="Fransium-222">222Fr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <th rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">227Ac </th> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:center; vertical-align:middle;">renik </td> <td rowspan="2" style="text-align:right; vertical-align:middle;">21,772 thn </td> <td>β− </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Torium-227" class="mw-redirect" title="Torium-227">227Th</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td>α </td> <td style="text-align:right;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium-223" class="mw-redirect" title="Fransium-223">223Fr</a> </td></tr></tbody></table><div style="clear:both;"></div></td></tr><tr><td colspan="2" class="infobox-below noprint" style="border-top:1px dotted #ff99cc; line-height:0.7"><style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18590415">.mw-parser-output .navbar{display:inline;font-size:88%;font-weight:normal}.mw-parser-output .navbar-collapse{float:left;text-align:left}.mw-parser-output .navbar-boxtext{word-spacing:0}.mw-parser-output .navbar ul{display:inline-block;white-space:nowrap;line-height:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::before{margin-right:-0.125em;content:"[ "}.mw-parser-output .navbar-brackets::after{margin-left:-0.125em;content:" ]"}.mw-parser-output .navbar li{word-spacing:-0.125em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-mini abbr{font-variant:small-caps;border-bottom:none;text-decoration:none;cursor:inherit}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-full{font-size:114%;margin:0 7em}.mw-parser-output .navbar-ct-mini{font-size:114%;margin:0 4em}.mw-parser-output .infobox .navbar{font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox .navbar{display:block;font-size:100%}.mw-parser-output .navbox-title .navbar{float:left;text-align:left;margin-right:0.5em}</style><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Kotak_info_aktinium" title="Templat:Kotak info aktinium">lihat</a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/w/index.php?title=Pembicaraan_Templat:Kotak_info_aktinium&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Kotak info aktinium (halaman belum tersedia)">bicara</a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Kotak_info_aktinium&action=edit">sunting</a></li></ul></div>| <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_data_references_for_chemical_elements" class="extiw" title="en:List of data references for chemical elements">referensi</a> | <a href="https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1121" class="extiw" title="d:Q1121">di Wikidata</a></td></tr></tbody></table> Aktinium adalah sebuah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">radioaktif</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Lambang_unsur" title="Lambang unsur">lambang</a> Ac dan <a href="/wiki/Nomor_atom" title="Nomor atom">nomor atom</a> 89. Ia adalah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_kimia" title="Unsur kimia">unsur kimia</a> radioaktif yang ditemukan tahun 1899. Ia adalah <a href="/wiki/Unsur_primordial" class="mw-redirect" title="Unsur primordial">unsur radioaktif non-primordial</a> pertama yang diisolasi: <a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">polonium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">radium</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">radon</a> diamati sebelum aktinium, namun baru diisolasi tahun 1902. Aktinium memberi nama pada deret <a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">aktinida</a>, golongan yang berisi 15 unsur serupa antara aktinium dan <a href="/wiki/Lawrencium" class="mw-redirect" title="Lawrencium">lawrencium</a> pada <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">tabel periodik</a>. Ini juga kadang-kadang dianggap sebagai <a href="/wiki/Logam_transisi" title="Logam transisi">logam transisi</a> periode ke-7 yang pertama, walaupun lawrencium kurang umum berada pada posisi itu. Sebagai logam <a href="/wiki/Radioaktif" class="mw-disambig" title="Radioaktif">radioaktif</a> lunak, berwarna putih keperakan, aktinium bereaksi cepat dengan oksigen dan uap air di udara membentuk lapisan putih aktinium oksida yang mencegah oksidasi lebih lanjut. Seperti kebanyakan <a href="/wiki/Lantanida" title="Lantanida">lantanida</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">aktinida</a>, aktinium memiliki <a href="/wiki/Tingkat_oksidasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Tingkat oksidasi">tingkat oksidasi</a> +3 di hampir semua senyawa kimianya. Aktinium hanya ditemukan dalam jumlah renik di bijih <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Thorium" class="mw-redirect" title="Thorium">thorium</a> sebagai <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotop</a> 227Ac, yang meluruh dengan <a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">waktu paruh</a> 21,772 tahun, dengan didominasi emisi <a href="/wiki/Partikel_beta" class="mw-redirect" title="Partikel beta">partikel beta</a> dan kadang-kadang <a href="/wiki/Partikel_alfa" class="mw-redirect" title="Partikel alfa">alfa</a>, dan 228Ac, yang beta aktif dengan waktu paruh 6,15 jam. Satu <a href="/wiki/Ton" title="Ton">ton</a> <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> alami dalam bijihnya mengandung sekitar 0,2 miligram aktinium-227, dan satu ton torium alami mengandung sekitar 5 nanogram aktinium-228. Kemiripan sifat fisika dan kimia aktinium dan <a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">lantanum</a> membuat pemisahan aktinium dari bijihnya menjadi tidak praktis. Sebagai gantinya, unsur ini disiapkan, dalam jumlah miligram, dengan iradiasi neutron 226Ra dalam sebuah <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_nuklir" title="Reaktor nuklir">reaktor nuklir</a>. Karena kelangkaannya, harganya yang tinggi dan radioaktivitasnya, aktinium tidak memiliki kegunaan industri yang signifikan. Aplikasinya saat ini termasuk sumber neutron dan zat untuk <a href="/wiki/Radioterapi" title="Radioterapi">radioterapi</a> yang menyasar sel kanker di dalam tubuh. <meta property="mw:PageProp/toc" /> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sejarah">Sejarah</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=1" title="Sunting bagian: Sejarah" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=1" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sejarah">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Andr%C3%A9-Louis_Debierne&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="André-Louis Debierne (halaman belum tersedia)">André-Louis Debierne</a>, seorang kimiawan Prancis, mengumumkan penemuan unsur baru pada tahun 1899. Dia memisahkannya dari residu <a href="/wiki/Uraninit" title="Uraninit">pitchblende</a> yang ditinggalkan oleh <a href="/wiki/Marie_Curie" title="Marie Curie">Marie</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Pierre_Curie" title="Pierre Curie">Pierre Curie</a> setelah mereka mengekstraksi <a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">radium</a>. Pada sekitaran tahun 1899, Debierne menggambarkan zat itu serupa dengan <a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">titanium</a><a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a> dan (pada tahun 1900) sebagai mirip dengan <a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">torium</a>.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Friedrich_Oskar_Giesel&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Friedrich Oskar Giesel (halaman belum tersedia)">Friedrich Oskar Giesel</a> secara terpisah menemukan aktinium pada tahun 1902<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a> sebagai zat yang mirip dengan <a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">lantanum</a> dan menyebutnya "emanium" pada tahun 1904.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> Setelah membandingkan waktu paruh zat yang ditentukan oleh Debierne,<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Harriet_Brooks&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Harriet Brooks (halaman belum tersedia)">Harriet Brooks</a> pada tahun 1904, dan <a href="/wiki/Otto_Hahn" title="Otto Hahn">Otto Hahn</a> serta <a href="/w/index.php?title=Otto_Sackur&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Otto Sackur (halaman belum tersedia)">Otto Sackur</a> pada tahun 1905, pilihan nama Debierne untuk unsur baru ini dipertahankan karena pertimbangan senioritas, meskipun terdapat pertentangan sifat kimia yang ia klaim untuk unsur ini pada waktu yang berbeda.<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a><a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> Artikel yang diterbitkan pada tahun 1970an<a href="#cite_note-discovery-11">[11]</a> dan kemudian<a href="#cite_note-Adloff-12">[12]</a> menunjukkan bahwa hasil Debierne yang diterbitkan pada 1904 bertentangan dengan yang dilaporkan pada tahun 1899 dan 1900. Selanjutnya, kimia aktinium yang diketahui sekarang ini menghalangi kehadirannya sebagai sesuatu selain konstituen minor dari hasil Debierne pada tahun 1899 dan 1900. Sebenarnya, sifat kimia yang dia laporkan membuat kemungkinan dia telah, secara tidak sengaja mengidentifikasi <a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">protaktinium</a>, yang tidak akan ditemukan selama empat belas tahun lagi, hanya untuk membuatnya menghilang karena hidrolisis dan adsorpsi pada peralatan laboratoriumnya. Hal ini menyebabkan beberapa penulis menganjurkan agar Giesel sendiri yang harus diberi kredit dengan penemuan tersebut.<a href="#cite_note-discovery-11">[11]</a> Visi penemuan ilmiah yang lebih adem diajukan oleh Adloff.<a href="#cite_note-Adloff-12">[12]</a> Dia menyarankan agar kritik terhadap publikasi awal harus dimaklumi dengan keadaan radiokimia yang baru lahir: dengan menyoroti kehati-hatian klaim Debierne di surat kabar awal, dia mencatat bahwa tidak ada yang dapat berpendapat bahwa zat Debierne tidak mengandung aktinium.<a href="#cite_note-Adloff-12">[12]</a> Debierne, yang sekarang dianggap oleh sebagian besar sejarawan sebagai penemunya, kehilangan minat pada unsur tersebut dan meninggalkan topik tersebut. Giesel, di sisi lain, akan dapat dikreditkan dengan pertama diberi kredit dengan preparasi pertamanya atas aktinium murni secara radiokimia dan dengan identifikasi dari nomor atomnya 89.<a href="#cite_note-discovery-11">[11]</a> Nama actinium berasal dari bahasa <a href="/wiki/Yunani_kuno" class="mw-redirect" title="Yunani kuno">Yunani kuno</a> aktis, aktinos (ακτίς, ακτίνος), yang berarti cahaya atau sinar.<a href="#cite_note-CRC-13">[13]</a> Simbolnya, Ac, juga digunakan dalam singkatan senyawa lain yang tidak ada hubungannya dengan aktinium, seperti <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asetil&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asetil (halaman belum tersedia)">asetil</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asetat" title="Asetat">asetat</a><a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a> dan terkadang <a href="/wiki/Asetaldehida" title="Asetaldehida">asetaldehida</a>.<a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Sifat-sifat">Sifat-sifat</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=2" title="Sunting bagian: Sifat-sifat" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=2" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Sifat-sifat">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Actinium adalah unsur logam <a href="/wiki/Radioaktif" class="mw-disambig" title="Radioaktif">radioaktif</a> yang lunak, berwarna putih keperakan.<a href="#cite_note-blueglow-16">[16]</a><a href="#cite_note-brit-17">[17]</a> Diperkirakan <a href="/wiki/Modulus_geser" title="Modulus geser">modulus gesernya</a> serupa dengan timbal.<a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a> Karena radioaktivitasnya yang kuat, aktinium bercahaya dalam gelap dengan cahaya biru pucat, yang berasal dari udara sekitarnya yang terionisasi oleh partikel energik yang dipancarkan.<a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> Aktinium memiliki sifat kimia yang serupa dengan <a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">lantanum</a> dan lantanida lainnya, dan oleh karena itu unsur-unsur ini sulit dipisahkan saat mengekstraksinya dari bijih uranium. Ekstraksi pelarut dan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kromatografi_ion&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kromatografi ion (halaman belum tersedia)">kromatografi ion</a> adalah metode pemisahan yang biasa digunakan.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a> Unsur pertama dari <a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">aktinida</a>, aktinium digunakan untuk nama golongannya, seperti <a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">lantanum</a> untuk <a href="/wiki/Lantanida" title="Lantanida">lantanida</a>. Golongan unsur ini lebih beragam daripada lantanida dan oleh karena itu pada tahun 1928 <a href="/w/index.php?title=Charles_Janet&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Charles Janet (halaman belum tersedia)">Charles Janet</a> mengusulkan perubahan yang paling signifikan pada <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">tabel periodik</a> <a href="/wiki/Dmitri_Mendeleev" title="Dmitri Mendeleev">Dmitri Mendeleev</a> sejak pengakuan lantanida, dengan memperkenalkan aktinida, sebuah gerakan yang disarankan ulang pada tahun 1945 oleh <a href="/wiki/Glenn_T._Seaborg" class="mw-redirect" title="Glenn T. Seaborg">Glenn T. Seaborg</a>.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a> Aktinium bereaksi cepat dengan oksigen dan uap air di udara membentuk lapisan putih <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aktinium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">aktinium oksida</a> yang menghambat oksidasi lebih lanjut.<a href="#cite_note-blueglow-16">[16]</a> Seperti kebanyakan lantanida dan aktinida, aktinium berada pada <a href="/wiki/Keadaan_oksidasi" title="Keadaan oksidasi">keadaan oksidasi</a> +3, dan ion Ac3+ tidak berwarna dalam larutan.<a href="#cite_note-bse-22">[22]</a> Keadaan oksidasi +3 berasal dari konfigurasi elektron aktinium [Rn]6d17s2, dengan tiga elektron valensi yang mudah dilepaskan untuk memberikan struktur kelopak tertutup <a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">gas mulia</a> <a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">radon</a> yang stabil.<a href="#cite_note-brit-17">[17]</a> Keadaan oksidasi +2 yang langka hanya dikenal untuk aktinium dihidrida (AcH2); bahkan ini sebenarnya adalah senyawa <a href="/wiki/Elektrida" title="Elektrida">elektrida</a> seperti kongenernya yang lebih ringan LaH2.<a href="#cite_note-ach-23">[23]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Senyawa_kimia">Senyawa kimia</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=3" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa kimia" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=3" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa kimia">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Hanya sedikit senyawa aktinium yang diketahui termasuk AcF3, AcCl3, AcBr3, AcOF, AcOCl, AcOBr, Ac2S3, <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aktinium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">Ac2O3</a> dan AcPO4. Kecuali AcPO4, semuanya serupa dengan senyawa lantanum yang sesuai. Mereka semua mengandung aktinium dalam tingkat oksidasi +3.<a href="#cite_note-bse-22">[22]</a><a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a> Secara khusus, konstanta kisi dari analog senyawa lantanum dan aktinium berbeda hanya beberapa persen.<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> <table class="wikitable sortable" style="text-align: center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Rumus </th> <th>warna </th> <th>simetri </th> <th><a href="/w/index.php?title=Kelompok_ruang&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kelompok ruang (halaman belum tersedia)">kelompok ruang</a> </th> <th>No </th> <th><a href="/wiki/Simbol_Pearson" title="Simbol Pearson">simbol Pearson</a> </th> <th>a (pm) </th> <th>b (pm) </th> <th>c (pm) </th> <th>Z </th> <th>densitas, g/cm3 </th></tr> <tr> <td>Ac </td> <td>keperakan </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_kubik" title="Sistem kristal kubik">fcc</a><a href="#cite_note-ach-23">[23]</a> </td> <td>Fm3m </td> <td>225 </td> <td>cF4 </td> <td>531,1 </td> <td>531,1 </td> <td>531,1 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>10,07 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcH2 </td> <td>tidak diketahui </td> <td>kubik<a href="#cite_note-ach-23">[23]</a> </td> <td>Fm3m </td> <td>225 </td> <td>cF12 </td> <td>567 </td> <td>567 </td> <td>567 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>8,35 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ac2O3 </td> <td>putih<a href="#cite_note-blueglow-16">[16]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_trigonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem kristal trigonal">trigonal</a><a href="#cite_note-aco-26">[26]</a> </td> <td>P3m1 </td> <td>164 </td> <td>hP5 </td> <td>408 </td> <td>408 </td> <td>630 </td> <td>1 </td> <td>9,18 </td></tr> <tr> <td>Ac2S3 </td> <td>hitam </td> <td>kubik<a href="#cite_note-acs-27">[27]</a> </td> <td>I43d </td> <td>220 </td> <td>cI28 </td> <td>778,56 </td> <td>778,56 </td> <td>778,56 </td> <td>4 </td> <td>6,71 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcF3 </td> <td>putih<a href="#cite_note-m71-28">[28]</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Sistem_kristal_heksagonal" class="mw-redirect" title="Sistem kristal heksagonal">heksagonal</a><a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-aco-26">[26]</a> </td> <td>P3c1 </td> <td>165 </td> <td>hP24 </td> <td>741 </td> <td>741 </td> <td>755 </td> <td>6 </td> <td>7,88 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcCl3 </td> <td>putih </td> <td>heksagonal<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-accl-29">[29]</a> </td> <td>P63/m </td> <td>165 </td> <td>hP8 </td> <td>764 </td> <td>764 </td> <td>456 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>4,8 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcBr3 </td> <td>putih<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> </td> <td>heksagonal<a href="#cite_note-accl-29">[29]</a> </td> <td>P63/m </td> <td>165 </td> <td>hP8 </td> <td>764 </td> <td>764 </td> <td>456 </td> <td>2 </td> <td>5,85 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcOF </td> <td>putih<a href="#cite_note-m87-30">[30]</a> </td> <td>kubik<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> </td> <td>Fm3m </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>593,1 </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>8,28 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcOCl </td> <td>putih </td> <td><a href="/w/index.php?title=Sistem_kristal_tetragonal&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Sistem kristal tetragonal (halaman belum tersedia)">tetragonal</a><a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>424 </td> <td>424 </td> <td>707 </td> <td> </td> <td>7,23 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcOBr </td> <td>putih </td> <td>tetragonal<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>427 </td> <td>427 </td> <td>740 </td> <td> </td> <td>7,89 </td></tr> <tr> <td>AcPO4·0.5H2O </td> <td>tidak diketahui </td> <td>heksagonal<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td> </td> <td>721 </td> <td>721 </td> <td>664 </td> <td> </td> <td>5,48 </td></tr></tbody></table> Di sini a, b dan c adalah konstanta kisi, No adalah nomor kelompok ruang dan Z adalah jumlah <a href="/wiki/Unit_rumus" class="mw-redirect" title="Unit rumus">unit rumus</a> per <a href="/wiki/Unit_sel" class="mw-redirect" title="Unit sel">unit sel</a>. Densitas tidak diukur secara langsung namun dihitung dari parameter kisi. <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Oksida">Oksida</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=4" title="Sunting bagian: Oksida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=4" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Oksida">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18844875">.mw-parser-output .hatnote{font-style:italic}.mw-parser-output div.hatnote{padding-left:1.6em;margin-bottom:0.5em}.mw-parser-output .hatnote i{font-style:normal}.mw-parser-output .hatnote+link+.hatnote{margin-top:-0.5em}</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Aktinium(III)_oksida" title="Aktinium(III) oksida">Aktinium(III) oksida</a></div> <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aktinium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">Aktinium oksida</a> (Ac) dapat diperoleh dengan memanaskan hidroksidanya pada 500 °C atau <a href="/wiki/Oksalat" title="Oksalat">oksalatnya</a> pada 1100 °C, dalam vakum. Kisi kristalnya <a href="/w/index.php?title=Isomorfisme_(kristalografi)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Isomorfisme (kristalografi) (halaman belum tersedia)">isotipik</a> dengan oksida-oksida dari sebagian besar logam tanah jarang trivalen.<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Halida">Halida</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=5" title="Sunting bagian: Halida" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=5" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Halida">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Aktinium trifluorida dapat diproduksi baik dalam reaksi larutan maupun dalam reaksi padat. Metode pertama dilakukan pada suhu kamar, dengan menambahkan <a href="/wiki/Asam_fluorida" title="Asam fluorida">asam fluorida</a> ke dalam larutan yang mengandung ion aktinium. Dalam metode reaksi padat, logam aktinium diperlakukan dengan uap hidrogen fluoride pada 700 °C dengan menggunakan peralatan yang terbuat dari platina. Memperlakukan aktinium trifluorida dengan <a href="/wiki/Amonium_hidroksida" title="Amonium hidroksida">amonium hidroksida</a> pada 900-1000 °C menghasilkan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksifluorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksifluorida (halaman belum tersedia)">oksifluorida</a> AcOF. Sementara lantanum oksifluorida dapat dengan mudah diperoleh dengan membakar lantanum trifluorida di udara pada suhu 800 °C selama satu jam, perlakuan serupa terhadap aktinium trifluorida tidak menghasilkan AcOF dan hanya menghasilkan lelehan produk awal.<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a><a href="#cite_note-m87-30">[30]</a> <dl><dd><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {AcF3 + 2NH3 + H2O -> AcOF + 2NH4F}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>AcF</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>H</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mtext>AcOF</mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>NH</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mtext>F</mtext> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {AcF3 + 2NH3 + H2O -> AcOF + 2NH4F}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/db2d8bcf1588f2159a6b13ebe87866d510db59f2" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:43.369ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {AcF3 + 2NH3 + H2O -> AcOF + 2NH4F}}}"></dd></dl> Aktinium triklorida diperoleh dengan mereaksikan hidroksida atau <a href="/wiki/Oksalat" title="Oksalat">oksalat</a> dengan uap <a href="/wiki/Karbon_tetraklorida" title="Karbon tetraklorida">karbon tetraklorida</a> pada suhu di atas 960 °C. Sama seperti oksifluorida, aktinium <a href="/w/index.php?title=Oksiklorida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Oksiklorida (halaman belum tersedia)">oksiklorida</a> dapat dibuat dengan hidrolisis aktinium triklorida dengan <a href="/wiki/Amonium_hidroksida" title="Amonium hidroksida">amonium hidroksida</a> pada suhu 1000 °C. Namun, sebaliknya dengan oksifluorida, oksiklorida dapat disintesis dengan baik dengan menyalakan larutan aktinium triklorida dalam <a href="/wiki/Asam_klorida" title="Asam klorida">asam klorida</a> dengan <a href="/wiki/Amonia" title="Amonia">amonia</a>.<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> Reaksi <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aluminium_bromida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aluminium bromida (halaman belum tersedia)">aluminium bromida</a> dan aktinium oksida menghasilkan aktinium tribromida, AcBr3: <dl><dd><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {Ac2O3 + 2AlBr3 -> 2AcBr3 + Al2O3}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mtext>Ac</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>AlBr</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mn>2</mn> <mspace width="thinmathspace" /> <msubsup> <mtext>AcBr</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext>Al</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> <msubsup> <mtext>O</mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>3</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mspace width="0pt" height="0pt" depth=".2em" /> </mrow> </msubsup> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {Ac2O3 + 2AlBr3 -> 2AcBr3 + Al2O3}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/b342fc7fea59ecdfa5ea79e2189e5c5d1f1e7703" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:39.263ex; height:2.843ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {Ac2O3 + 2AlBr3 -> 2AcBr3 + Al2O3}}}"></dd></dl> dan ketika AcBr3 diberi perlakuan dengan amonium hidroksida pada 500 °C menghasilkan oksibromida AcOBr.<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="Senyawa_lain">Senyawa lain</h3>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=6" title="Sunting bagian: Senyawa lain" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=6" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Senyawa lain">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Aktinium hidrida diperoleh melalui reduksi aktinium triklorida dengan kalium pada 300 °C, dan strukturnya disimpulkan analog dengan hidrida LaH2 yang sesuai. Sumber hidrogen dalam reaksi ini tidak jelas.<a href="#cite_note-31">[31]</a> Mencampur <a href="/w/index.php?title=Mononatrium_fosfat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Mononatrium fosfat (halaman belum tersedia)">mononatrium fosfat</a> (NaH2PO4) dengan larutan aktinium dalam asam klorida menghasilkan aktinium fosfat hemihidrat (AcPO4·0,5H2O) yang berwarna putih, dan memanaskan aktinium oksalat dengan uap <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen_sulfida" title="Hidrogen sulfida">hidrogen sulfida</a> pada 1400 °C selama beberapa menit menghasilkan aktinium sulfida (Ac2S3) yang berwarna hitam. Itu mungkin dihasilkan melalui aksi campuran <a href="/wiki/Hidrogen_sulfida" title="Hidrogen sulfida">hidrogen sulfida</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Karbon_disulfida" title="Karbon disulfida">karbon disulfida</a> terhadap <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium_oksida&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Aktinium oksida (halaman belum tersedia)">aktinium oksida</a> pada suhu 1000 °C<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Isotop">Isotop</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=7" title="Sunting bagian: Isotop" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=7" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Isotop">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18844875"><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">Artikel utama: <a href="/wiki/Isotop_aktinium" title="Isotop aktinium">Isotop aktinium</a></div> Aktinium yang terjadi secara alami tersusun dari dua <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">isotop</a> radioaktif; 227Ac (dari keluarga radioaktif 235U) dan 228Ac (cucu dari 232Th). 227Ac meluruh terutama sebagai <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_beta" title="Peluruhan beta">pemancar beta</a> dengan energi yang sangat kecil, tetapi sebanyak 1,38% dari kejadian peluruhan, ia memancarkan <a href="/wiki/Partikel_alfa" class="mw-redirect" title="Partikel alfa">partikel alfa</a>, sehingga dapat mudah diidentifikasi melalui <a href="/w/index.php?title=Spektrometri_alfa&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Spektrometri alfa (halaman belum tersedia)">spektrometri alfa</a>.<a href="#cite_note-discovery-11">[11]</a> Sebanyak tiga puluh enam <a href="/wiki/Radioisotop" class="mw-redirect" title="Radioisotop">radioisotop</a> telah diidentifikasi, yang paling stabil adalah 227Ac dengan <a href="/wiki/Waktu_paruh" title="Waktu paruh">waktu paruh</a> 21,772 tahun, 225Ac dengan waktu paruh 10 hari dan 226Ac dengan waktu paruh 29,37 jam. Seluruh isotop <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_radioaktif" title="Peluruhan radioaktif">radioaktif</a> yang tersisa memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari 10 jam dan mayoritas dari mereka memiliki waktu paruh kurang dari satu menit. Isotop aktinium dengan umur terpendek adalah 217Ac (waktu paruh 69 nanodetik) yang meluruh melalui <a href="/wiki/Peluruhan_alfa" title="Peluruhan alfa">peluruhan alfa</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Tangkapan_elektron" title="Tangkapan elektron">tangkapan elektron</a>. Aktinium juga memiliki dua <a href="/wiki/Isomer_nuklir" title="Isomer nuklir">keadaan meta</a> (meta state) yang diketahui.<a href="#cite_note-nubas-32">[32]</a> Isotop yang paling signifikan untuk kimia adalah 225Ac, 227Ac, dan 228Ac<a href="#cite_note-discovery-11">[11]</a> 227Ac yang dimurnikan berada dalam kesetimbangan dengan produk peluruhannya setelah sekitar setengah tahun. Ia meluruh sesuai waktu paruhnya (21,772 tahun) dengan memancarkan mayoritas partikel beta (98,62%) dan beberapa partikel alfa (1,38%);<a href="#cite_note-nubas-32">[32]</a> produk peluruhan yang berturutan adalah bagian dari <a href="/wiki/Deret_aktinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Deret aktinium">deret aktinium</a>. Mengingat jumlah yang tersedia rendah, energi partikel beta-nya juga rendah (maksimum 44,8 keV), dan intensitas radiasi alfanya juga rendah, 227Ac sulit dideteksi langsung melalui emisinya dan oleh karena itu ditelusuri melalui produk peluruhannya.<a href="#cite_note-bse-22">[22]</a> Isotop aktinium memiliki kisaran <a href="/wiki/Berat_atom" class="mw-redirect" title="Berat atom">berat atom</a> dari 206 <a href="/wiki/Satuan_massa_atom" class="mw-redirect" title="Satuan massa atom">u</a> (206Ac) sampai 236 u (236Ac).<a href="#cite_note-nubas-32">[32]</a> <table class="wikitable" style="text-align:center"> <tbody><tr> <th>Isotop </th> <th>Produksi </th> <th>Peluruhan </th> <th>Waktu paruh </th></tr> <tr> <td>221Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(d,9n)→225Pa(α)→221Ac </td> <td>α </td> <td>52 milidetik </td></tr> <tr> <td>222Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(d,8n)→226Pa(α)→222Ac </td> <td>α </td> <td>5,0 detik </td></tr> <tr> <td>223Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(d,7n)→227Pa(α)→223Ac </td> <td>α </td> <td>2,1 menit </td></tr> <tr> <td>224Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(d,6n)→228Pa(α)→224Ac </td> <td>α </td> <td>2,78 jam </td></tr> <tr> <td>225Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(n,γ)→233Th(β−)→233Pa(β−)→233U(α)→229Th(α)→225Ra(β−)→225Ac </td> <td>α </td> <td>10 hari </td></tr> <tr> <td>226Ac </td> <td align="right">226Ra(d,2n)→226Ac </td> <td>α, β− electron capture </td> <td>29,37 jam </td></tr> <tr> <td>227Ac </td> <td align="right">235U(α)→231Th(β−)→231Pa(α)→227Ac </td> <td>α, β− </td> <td>21,77 tahun </td></tr> <tr> <td>228Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(α)→228Ra(β−)→228Ac </td> <td>β− </td> <td>6,15 jam </td></tr> <tr> <td>229Ac </td> <td align="right">228Ra(n,γ)→229Ra(β−)→229Ac </td> <td>β− </td> <td>62,7 menit </td></tr> <tr> <td>230Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(d,α)→230Ac </td> <td>β− </td> <td>122 detik </td></tr> <tr> <td>231Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(γ,p)→231Ac </td> <td>β− </td> <td>7,5 menit </td></tr> <tr> <td>232Ac </td> <td align="right">232Th(n,p)→232Ac </td> <td>β− </td> <td>119 detik </td></tr></tbody></table> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Keterjadian_dan_sintesis">Keterjadian dan sintesis</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=8" title="Sunting bagian: Keterjadian dan sintesis" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=8" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Keterjadian dan sintesis">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:Uraninite-39029.jpg" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Uraninite-39029.jpg/150px-Uraninite-39029.jpg" decoding="async" width="150" height="236" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Uraninite-39029.jpg/225px-Uraninite-39029.jpg 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/4e/Uraninite-39029.jpg/300px-Uraninite-39029.jpg 2x" data-file-width="507" data-file-height="799" /></a><figcaption>Bijih <a href="/wiki/Uraninit" title="Uraninit">uraninit</a> memiliki konsentrasi aktinium yang tinggi.</figcaption></figure> Aktinium dijumpai hanya dalam jumlah renik dalam bijih <a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">uranium</a> – satu ton uranium dalam bijih mengandung sekitar 0,2 miligram 227Ac<a href="#cite_note-j1-33">[33]</a><a href="#cite_note-g946-34">[34]</a> – dan dalam bijih <a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">torium</a>, mengandung 5 nanogram 228Ac per ton torium. <a href="/wiki/Isotop" title="Isotop">Isotop</a> aktinium 227Ac adalah anggota sementara <a href="/wiki/Rantai_peluruhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rantai peluruhan">rantai peluruhan</a> <a href="/wiki/Rantai_peluruhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rantai peluruhan">seri uranium-aktinium</a>, yang dimulai dengan isotop induk <a href="/wiki/Uranium-235" title="Uranium-235">235U</a> (atau <a href="/wiki/Plutonium-239" title="Plutonium-239">239Pu</a>) dan diakhiri dengan isotop timbal yang stabil <a href="/wiki/Isotop_timbal" title="Isotop timbal">207Pb</a>. Isotop aktinium lainnya (225Ac) hadir sejenak dalam <a href="/wiki/Rantai_peluruhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rantai peluruhan">rantai peluruhan</a> <a href="/wiki/Rantai_peluruhan" class="mw-redirect" title="Rantai peluruhan">seri neptunium</a>, yang dimulai dari <a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">237Np</a> (atau <a href="/wiki/Uranium-233" title="Uranium-233">233U</a>) dan diakhiri dengan <a href="/wiki/Talium" title="Talium">205Tl</a> dan <a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">209Bi</a> yang agak stabil, tetapi rantai ini hanya terdapat di masa awal <a href="/wiki/Tata_surya" class="mw-redirect" title="Tata surya">tata surya</a>, karena waktu paruh neptunium-237 yang pendek. Konsentrasi alaminya yang rendah, serta kemiripan sifat fisika dan kimianya dengan lantanum dan lantanida lainnya, yang selalu melimpah dalam bantalan bijih aktinium, membuat pemisahan aktinium dari bijihnya menjadi tidak praktis, dan pemisahan lengkap tidak pernah tercapai.<a href="#cite_note-j2-25">[25]</a> Sebagai gantinya, aktinium dibuat, dalam skala miligram, dengan iradiasi netron terhadap 226<a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> dalam <a href="/wiki/Reaktor_nuklir" title="Reaktor nuklir">reaktor nuklir</a>.<a href="#cite_note-g946-34">[34]</a><a href="#cite_note-35">[35]</a> <dl><dd><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle {\ce {^{226}_{88}Ra + ^1_0n -> ^{227}_{88}Ra ->[\beta^-][42.2 \ {\ce {min}}] ^{227}_{89}Ac}}}"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>Ra</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>88</mn> <mn>226</mn> </mmultiscripts> <mo>+</mo> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>n</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>0</mn> <mn>1</mn> </mmultiscripts> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>Ra</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>88</mn> <mn>227</mn> </mmultiscripts> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-REL"> <munderover> <mo>→</mo> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset="-.24em"> <mn>42.2</mn> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext>min</mtext> </mrow> </mpadded> <mpadded width="+0.611em" lspace="0.278em" voffset=".15em"> <msup> <mi>β</mi> <mo>−</mo> </msup> </mpadded> </munderover> </mrow> <mmultiscripts> <mtext>Ac</mtext> <none /> <none /> <mprescripts /> <mn>89</mn> <mn>227</mn> </mmultiscripts> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle {\ce {^{226}_{88}Ra + ^1_0n -> ^{227}_{88}Ra ->[\beta^-][42.2 \ {\ce {min}}] ^{227}_{89}Ac}}}</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/2468d2b1fea58f49113b2ae13ace50edffd021d6" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.762ex; margin-top: -0.415ex; margin-bottom: -0.576ex; width:35.525ex; height:6.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle {\ce {^{226}_{88}Ra + ^1_0n -> ^{227}_{88}Ra ->[\beta^-][42.2 \ {\ce {min}}] ^{227}_{89}Ac}}}"></dd></dl> Reaksi ini menghasilkan sekitar 2% dari berat radium. 227Ac lebih lanjut dapat menangkap neutron menghasilkan sekelumit 228Ac. Setelah disintesis, aktinium dipisahkan dari radium serta dari produk peluruhan dan fusi nuklir, seperti <a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">torium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">polonium</a>, <a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">timbal</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">bismut</a>. Ekstraksi dapat dilakukan dengan larutan teoniltrifluoroaseton-<a href="/wiki/Benzena" title="Benzena">benzena</a> dari larutan akuatik produk radiasi, dan selektivitasnya terhadap unsur tertentu dapat dicapai melalui pengaturan <a href="/wiki/PH" title="PH">pH</a> (pada kisaran 6,0 untuk aktinium).<a href="#cite_note-j1-33">[33]</a> Prosedur alternatif adalah pertukaran anion menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Resin" title="Resin">resin</a> yang sesuai dalam <a href="/wiki/Asam_nitrat" title="Asam nitrat">asam nitrat</a>, yang dapat menghasilkan faktor pemisahan sekitar 1.000.000 untuk radium dan aktinium vs. torium dalam proses dua tahap. Aktinium kemudian dapat dipisahkan dari radium, dengan rasio sekitar 100, menggunakan resin pertukaran kation pertautan silang dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Eluan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Eluan (halaman belum tersedia)">eluan</a> asam nitrat.<a href="#cite_note-sep-36">[36]</a> 225Ac pertama kali diproduksi secara artifisial di <a href="/w/index.php?title=Institute_for_Transuranium_Elements&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Institute for Transuranium Elements (halaman belum tersedia)">Institute for Transuranium Elements</a> (ITU) di Jerman menggunakan <a href="/wiki/Siklotron" title="Siklotron">siklotron</a> dan di <a href="/w/index.php?title=St_George_Hospital&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="St George Hospital (halaman belum tersedia)">St George Hospital</a> di Sydney menggunakan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Akselerator_partikel_linier&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Akselerator partikel linier (halaman belum tersedia)">akselerator partikel linier</a> (LINAC) pada tahun 2000.<a href="#cite_note-37">[37]</a> Isotop langka ini memiliki aplikasi potensial dalam terapi radiasi dan paling efisien diproduksi dengan membombardir target radium-226 dengan ion <a href="/wiki/Deuterium" title="Deuterium">deuterium</a> 20-30 MeV. Reaksi ini juga menghasilkan 226Ac yang bagaimanapun meluruh dengan waktu paruh 29 jam dan dengan demikian tidak mencemari 225Ac.<a href="#cite_note-38">[38]</a> Logam aktinium telah dibuat melalui reduksi aktinium fluorida dengan uap <a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">litium</a> dalam kondisi vakum pada suhu antara 1100 dan 1300 °C. Temperatur yang lebih tinggi menghasilkan penguapan produk dan suhu lebih rendah menyebabkan transformasi menjadi tidak sempurna. Litium dipilih di antara <a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">logam alkali</a> lainnya karena fluoridanya paling mudah menguap.<a href="#cite_note-CRC-13">[13]</a><a href="#cite_note-blueglow-16">[16]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Aplikasi">Aplikasi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=9" title="Sunting bagian: Aplikasi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=9" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Aplikasi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> Mengingat kelangkaannya, harganya yang tinggi serta radioaktivitasnya, saat ini aktinium tidak memiliki kegunaan industrial yang signifikan.<a href="#cite_note-CRC-13">[13]</a> 227 sangat radioaktif dan oleh karenanya dipelajari penggunaannya sebagai unsur aktif untuk <a href="/wiki/Generator_termoelektrik_radioisotop" title="Generator termoelektrik radioisotop">generator termoelektrik radioisotop</a>, misalnya dalam pesawat ruang angkasa. Oksida 227 yang dipress dengan <a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">berilium</a> juga merupakan suatu <a href="/wiki/Sumber_neutron" title="Sumber neutron">sumber neutron</a> yang efisien dengan aktivitas melebihi standar pasangan americium-berilium dan radium-berilium.<a href="#cite_note-b1-39">[39]</a> Dalam seluruh aplikasi tersebut, 227 (sumber beta) hanyalah biang yang menghasilkan isotop pemancar alfa pada peluruhannya. Berilium menangkap partikel alfa dan memancarkan neutron karena penampangnya yang besar untuk reaksi nuklir (α,n): <dl><dd><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" alttext="{\displaystyle \mathrm {^{9}_{4}Be\ +\ _{2}^{4}He\ \longrightarrow \ _{\ 6}^{12}C\ +\ _{0}^{1}n\ +\ \gamma } }"> <semantics> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mstyle displaystyle="true" scriptlevel="0"> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <msubsup> <mi></mi> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>9</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">B</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>2</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>4</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">H</mi> <mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo stretchy="false">⟶</mo> <msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mtext> </mtext> <mn>6</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>12</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">C</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <msubsup> <mtext> </mtext> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>0</mn> </mrow> <mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"> <mn>1</mn> </mrow> </msubsup> <mi mathvariant="normal">n</mi> <mtext> </mtext> <mo>+</mo> <mtext> </mtext> <mi>γ</mi> </mrow> </mstyle> </mrow> <annotation encoding="application/x-tex">{\displaystyle \mathrm {^{9}_{4}Be\ +\ _{2}^{4}He\ \longrightarrow \ _{\ 6}^{12}C\ +\ _{0}^{1}n\ +\ \gamma } }</annotation> </semantics> </math><img src="https://wikimedia.org/api/rest_v1/media/math/render/svg/23c153f76d0157f6aeedf6e0cd0b2257a13a06db" class="mwe-math-fallback-image-inline mw-invert skin-invert" aria-hidden="true" style="vertical-align: -1.005ex; width:32.988ex; height:3.176ex;" alt="{\displaystyle \mathrm {^{9}_{4}Be\ +\ _{2}^{4}He\ \longrightarrow \ _{\ 6}^{12}C\ +\ _{0}^{1}n\ +\ \gamma } }"></dd></dl> Sumber neutron 227 dapat diaplikasikan dalam <a href="/w/index.php?title=Probe_neutron&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Probe neutron (halaman belum tersedia)">probe neutron</a> – sebuah perangkat standar untuk mengukur kuantitas air yang terdapat dalam tanah, dan juga penentuan kelembaban/densitas untuk pengendalian mutu dalam konstruksi jalan raya.<a href="#cite_note-40">[40]</a><a href="#cite_note-41">[41]</a> Such probes are also used in well logging applications, in <a href="/w/index.php?title=Neutron_radiography&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Neutron radiography (halaman belum tersedia)">neutron radiography</a>, tomography and other radiochemical investigations.<a href="#cite_note-42">[42]</a> <figure typeof="mw:File/Thumb"><a href="/wiki/Berkas:DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png" class="mw-file-description"><img src="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png/150px-DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png" decoding="async" width="150" height="64" class="mw-file-element" srcset="//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png/225px-DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png 1.5x, //upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png/300px-DOTA_polyaminocarboxylic_acid.png 2x" data-file-width="308" data-file-height="132" /></a><figcaption>Struktur kimia pembawa <a href="/w/index.php?title=DOTA_(khelat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DOTA (khelat) (halaman belum tersedia)">DOTA</a> untuk 225 dalam terapi radiasi.</figcaption></figure> 225 diterapkan dalam pengobatan untuk menghasilkan 213 dalam generator yang dapat dipakai ulang<a href="#cite_note-sep-36">[36]</a> atau dapat digunakan tersendiri sebagai zat untuk <a href="/wiki/Radioterapi" title="Radioterapi">terapi radiasi</a>, terutama dalam penargetan terapi alfa target (TAT). Isotop ini mempunyai waktu paruh 10 hari dan membuatnya jauh lebih memadai untuk terapi radiasi daripada 213 (waktu paruh 46 menit). Tidak hanya 225 itu sendiri, tetapi juga para kerabatnya, memancarkan partikel alfa yang membunuh sel kanker dalam tubuh. Kesulitan utama penerapan 225Ac adalah injeksi intravena kompleks aktinium sederhana menghasilkan akumulasi dalam tulang dan hati untuk periode sepuluh tahun. Alhasil, setelah sel kanker mati oleh partikel alfa dari 225, radiasi dari aktinium dan kerabatnya dapat memicu mutasi baru. Untuk memecahkan masalah ini, 225Ac diikatkan ke zat <a href="/wiki/Khelasi" class="mw-redirect" title="Khelasi">pengkhelat</a>, seperti <a href="/wiki/Sitrat" class="mw-redirect" title="Sitrat">sitrat</a>, <a href="/wiki/Asam_etilendiamintetraasetat" class="mw-redirect" title="Asam etilendiamintetraasetat">asam etilendiamintetraasetat</a> (EDTA) atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=Asam_pentetat&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Asam pentetat (halaman belum tersedia)">asam dietilena triamina pentaasetat</a> (DTPA). Ini mengurangi akumulasi aktinium dalam tulang, tetapi ekskresi dari tubuh tetap lambat. Hasil yang jauh lebih baik diperoleh dengan zat pengkhelat seperti HEHA (asam 1,4,7,10,13,16-heksaazasikloheksadekana-N,N',N'`,N'``,N'``',N'``'`-heksaasetat)<a href="#cite_note-43">[43]</a> atau <a href="/w/index.php?title=DOTA_(khelat)&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="DOTA (khelat) (halaman belum tersedia)">DOTA</a> (asam 1,4,7,10-tetraazasiklododekana-1,4,7,10-tetraasetat) yang dikopling ke <a href="/w/index.php?title=Trastuzumab&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Trastuzumab (halaman belum tersedia)">trastuzumab</a>, suatu <a href="/wiki/Antibodi_monoklonal" title="Antibodi monoklonal">antibodi monoklonal</a> yang berinterferensi dengan <a href="/wiki/Reseptor_(biokimia)" title="Reseptor (biokimia)">reseptor</a> <a href="/w/index.php?title=HER2/neu&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="HER2/neu (halaman belum tersedia)">HER2/neu</a>. Pemberian kombinasi yang disebut terakhir diujikan pada tikus dan terbukti efektif melawan <a href="/wiki/Leukemia" title="Leukemia">leukemia</a>, <a href="/wiki/Limfoma" title="Limfoma">limfoma</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanker_payudara" title="Kanker payudara">kanker payudara</a>, <a href="/wiki/Kanker_ovarium" title="Kanker ovarium">indung telur</a>, <a href="/wiki/Neuroblastoma" title="Neuroblastoma">neuroblastoma</a>, dan <a href="/wiki/Kanker_prostat" title="Kanker prostat">kanker prostat</a>.<a href="#cite_note-44">[44]</a><a href="#cite_note-45">[45]</a><a href="#cite_note-46">[46]</a> 227 dengan waktu paruh menengah (21,77 tahun) membuatnya sebagai isotop radioaktif yang sangat cocok dalam pemodelan percampuran vertikal lambat air laut. Proses terkait tidak dapat dipelajari dengan akurasi yang diperlukan menggunakan pengukuran langsung kecepatan arus (dengan order 50 meter per tahun). Namun, evaluasi konsentrasi profil kedalaman untuk isotop yang berbeda memungkinkan memperkirakan laju pencampuran. Fisika di balik metode ini adalah sebagai berikut: air laut mengandung 235 yang terdispersi homogen. Produk peluruhannya, {{chem2|231|Pa]], mengendap secara gradual pada dasar laut, sehingga konsentrasinya pertama-tama meningkat tajam dan kemudian bertahan hingga hampir konstan. 231 meluruh menjadi 227; namun, konsentrasinya tidak mengikuti profil kedalaman 231, tetapi malah meningkat di dasar samudra. Hal ini terjadi karena proses pencampuran menambah 227 dari dasar laut. Sehingga, analisis profil kedalaman 231 dan 227 memungkinkan pemodelan perilaku pencampuran.<a href="#cite_note-47">[47]</a><a href="#cite_note-48">[48]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Tindakan_pencegahan">Tindakan pencegahan</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=10" title="Sunting bagian: Tindakan pencegahan" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=10" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Tindakan pencegahan">sunting sumber</a>]</div> 227 sangat radioaktif dan percobaan yang menggunakannya harus dilakukan dalam laaboratorium yang dirancang khusus dan dilengkapi dengan <a href="/w/index.php?title=Kotak_sarung_tangan&action=edit&redlink=1" class="new" title="Kotak sarung tangan (halaman belum tersedia)">kotak sarung tangan</a>. Ketika actinium triklorida diberikan secara intravena pada tikus, sekitar 33% aktinium disimpan di dalam tulang dan 50%nya dalam liver. Toksisitasnya sebanding dengan, sedikit lebih rendah, americium dan plutonium.<a href="#cite_note-49">[49]</a> Untuk jumlah renik, sungkup asam (fume hood) dengan aerasi yang baik sudah memadai; untuk jumlah gram, diperlukan sel panas berperisai untuk melindungi radiasi gamma intensif yang dipancarkan oleh 227.<a href="#cite_note-50">[50]</a> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Lihat_juga">Lihat juga</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=11" title="Sunting bagian: Lihat juga" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=11" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Lihat juga">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li><a href="/wiki/Rantai_peluruhan#Deret_aktinium" class="mw-redirect" title="Rantai peluruhan">Deret aktinium</a></li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Referensi">Referensi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=12" title="Sunting bagian: Referensi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=12" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Referensi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <style data-mw-deduplicate="TemplateStyles:r18833634">.mw-parser-output .reflist{font-size:90%;margin-bottom:0.5em;list-style-type:decimal}.mw-parser-output .reflist .references{font-size:100%;margin-bottom:0;list-style-type:inherit}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-2{column-width:30em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns-3{column-width:25em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns{margin-top:0.3em}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns ol{margin-top:0}.mw-parser-output .reflist-columns li{page-break-inside:avoid;break-inside:avoid-column}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-alpha{list-style-type:upper-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-upper-roman{list-style-type:upper-roman}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-alpha{list-style-type:lower-alpha}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-greek{list-style-type:lower-greek}.mw-parser-output .reflist-lower-roman{list-style-type:lower-roman}</style><div class="reflist reflist-columns references-column-width" style="column-width: 30em;"> <ol class="references"> <li id="cite_note-1"><a href="#cite_ref-1">^</a> (Indonesia) <cite class="citation web"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://kbbi.kemdikbud.go.id/entri/aktinium">"Aktinium"</a>. 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John Wiley and Sons. hlm. 575. <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/978-0-470-48788-4" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/978-0-470-48788-4">978-0-470-48788-4</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Computational+Methods+for+Large+Systems%3A+Electronic+Structure+Approaches+for+Biotechnology+and+Nanotechnology&rft.pages=575&rft.pub=John+Wiley+and+Sons&rft.date=2011&rft.isbn=978-0-470-48788-4&rft.au=Reimers%2C+Jeffrey+R.&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DCa9z4_cH-W8C%26pg%3DPA575&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-blueglow-16">^ <a href="#cite_ref-blueglow_16-0">a</a> <a href="#cite_ref-blueglow_16-1">b</a> <a href="#cite_ref-blueglow_16-2">c</a> <a href="#cite_ref-blueglow_16-3">d</a> <cite class="citation journal">Stites, Joseph G.; Salutsky, Murrell L.; Stone, Bob D. 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Annual Review of Nuclear Science. 1: 245–262. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/1952ARNPS...1..245K">1952ARNPS...1..245K</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1146%2Fannurev.ns.01.120152.001333">10.1146/annurev.ns.01.120152.001333</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Annual+Review+of+Nuclear+Science&rft.atitle=Chemistry+of+the+Actinide+Elements+Annual+Review+of+Nuclear+Science&rft.volume=1&rft.pages=245-262&rft.date=1952&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1146%2Fannurev.ns.01.120152.001333&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F1952ARNPS...1..245K&rft.aulast=Katz&rft.aufirst=J.+J.&rft.au=Manning%2C+W.+M.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-21"><a href="#cite_ref-21">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Seaborg, Glenn T. 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Earth and Planetary Science Letters. 198: 147–165. <a href="/wiki/Bibcode" title="Bibcode">Bibcode</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2002E&PSL.198..147G">2002E&PSL.198..147G</a>. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1016%2FS0012-821X%2802%2900512-5">10.1016/S0012-821X(02)00512-5</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Earth+and+Planetary+Science+Letters&rft.atitle=Actinium-227+as+a+deep-sea+tracer%3A+sources%2C+distribution+and+applications&rft.volume=198&rft.pages=147-165&rft.date=2002&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1016%2FS0012-821X%2802%2900512-5&rft_id=info%3Abibcode%2F2002E%26PSL.198..147G&rft.aulast=Geibert&rft.aufirst=W.&rft.au=Rutgers+Van+Der+Loeff%2C+M.+M.&rft.au=Hanfland%2C+C.&rft.au=Dauelsberg%2C+H.-J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-49"><a href="#cite_ref-49">^</a> <cite class="citation journal">Langham, W.; Storer, J. (1952). "Toxicology of Actinium Equilibrium Mixture". Los Alamos Scientific Lab.: Technical Report. <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.2172%2F4406766">10.2172/4406766</a>.</cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Ajournal&rft.genre=article&rft.jtitle=Los+Alamos+Scientific+Lab.%3A+Technical+Report&rft.atitle=Toxicology+of+Actinium+Equilibrium+Mixture&rft.date=1952&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.2172%2F4406766&rft.aulast=Langham&rft.aufirst=W.&rft.au=Storer%2C+J.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988">  </li> <li id="cite_note-50"><a href="#cite_ref-50">^</a> <cite id="CITEREFKellerWolfShani2005" class="citation">Keller, Cornelius; Wolf, Walter; Shani, Jashovam (2005), "Radionuclides, 2. Radioactive Elements and Artificial Radionuclides", <a href="/wiki/Ullmann%27s_Encyclopedia_of_Industrial_Chemistry" title="Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry">Ullmann's Encyclopedia of Industrial Chemistry</a>, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH, <a href="/wiki/Digital_object_identifier" class="mw-redirect" title="Digital object identifier">doi</a>:<a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://doi.org/10.1002%2F14356007.o22_o15">10.1002/14356007.o22_o15</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=bookitem&rft.atitle=Radionuclides%2C+2.+Radioactive+Elements+and+Artificial+Radionuclides&rft.btitle=Ullmann%27s+Encyclopedia+of+Industrial+Chemistry&rft.place=Weinheim&rft.pub=Wiley-VCH&rft.date=2005&rft_id=info%3Adoi%2F10.1002%2F14356007.o22_o15&rft.aulast=Keller&rft.aufirst=Cornelius&rft.au=Wolf%2C+Walter&rft.au=Shani%2C+Jashovam&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988">  </li> </ol></div> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Bibliografi">Bibliografi</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=13" title="Sunting bagian: Bibliografi" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=13" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Bibliografi">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li><cite id="Meyer" class="citation">Meyer, Gerd; Morss, Lester R (1991), <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://books.google.com/books?id=bnS5elHL2w8C&pg=PA87">Synthesis of lanthanide and actinide compounds</a>, Springer, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/0-7923-1018-7" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/0-7923-1018-7">0-7923-1018-7</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=Synthesis+of+lanthanide+and+actinide+compounds&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=1991&rft.isbn=0-7923-1018-7&rft.aulast=Meyer&rft.aufirst=Gerd&rft.au=Morss%2C+Lester+R&rft_id=https%3A%2F%2Fbooks.google.com%2Fbooks%3Fid%3DbnS5elHL2w8C%26pg%3DPA87&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> <div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Pranala_luar">Pranala luar</h2>[<a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&veaction=edit&section=14" title="Sunting bagian: Pranala luar" class="mw-editsection-visualeditor">sunting</a> | <a href="/w/index.php?title=Aktinium&action=edit&section=14" title="Sunting kode sumber bagian: Pranala luar">sunting sumber</a>]</div> <ul><li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://www.periodicvideos.com/videos/089.htm">Actinium</a> at <a href="/wiki/The_Periodic_Table_of_Videos" title="The Periodic Table of Videos">The Periodic Table of Videos</a> (University of Nottingham)</li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://toxnet.nlm.nih.gov/cgi-bin/sis/search/r?dbs+hsdb:@term+@na+@rel+actinium,+radioactive">NLM Hazardous Substances Databank – Actinium, Radioactive</a></li> <li>(Inggris) <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/actinium.pdf">Actinium</a> <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://web.archive.org/web/20110825123745/http://radchem.nevada.edu/classes/rdch710/files/actinium.pdf">Diarsipkan</a> 2011-08-25 di <a href="/wiki/Wayback_Machine" title="Wayback Machine">Wayback Machine</a>. in <cite id="Kirby" class="citation">Kirby, H. W.; Morss, L. R. (2006), Morss; Edelstein, Norman M.; Fuger, Jean, ed., The Chemistry of the Actinide and Transactinide Elements (edisi ke-3rd), Dordrecht, The Netherlands: Springer, <a href="/wiki/International_Standard_Book_Number" class="mw-redirect" title="International Standard Book Number">ISBN</a> <a href="/wiki/Istimewa:Sumber_buku/1-4020-3555-1" title="Istimewa:Sumber buku/1-4020-3555-1">1-4020-3555-1</a></cite><span title="ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info%3Aofi%2Ffmt%3Akev%3Amtx%3Abook&rft.genre=book&rft.btitle=The+Chemistry+of+the+Actinide+and+Transactinide+Elements&rft.place=Dordrecht%2C+The+Netherlands&rft.edition=3rd&rft.pub=Springer&rft.date=2006&rft.isbn=1-4020-3555-1&rft.aulast=Kirby&rft.aufirst=H.+W.&rft.au=Morss%2C+L.+R.&rfr_id=info%3Asid%2Fid.wikipedia.org%3AAktinium" class="Z3988"> </li></ul> <table class="navbox collapsible uncollapsed" cellpadding="0" style="table-layout:fixed; width:100%;"> <tbody><tr> <th colspan="33" style="padding:0 1em;"><link rel="mw-deduplicated-inline-style" href="mw-data:TemplateStyles:r18590415"><div class="navbar plainlinks hlist navbar-collapse navbar-mini"><ul><li class="nv-lihat"><a href="/wiki/Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Lihat templat ini">l</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-bicara"><a href="/wiki/Pembicaraan_Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia" title="Pembicaraan Templat:Tabel periodik unsur kimia"><abbr title="Diskusikan templat ini">b</abbr></a></li><li class="nv-sunting"><a class="external text" href="https://id.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Templat:Tabel_periodik_unsur_kimia&action=edit"><abbr title="Sunting templat ini">s</abbr></a></li></ul></div><div class="navbar-ct-mini"><a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik" title="Tabel periodik">Tabel periodik</a></div> <a href="/wiki/Tabel_periodik_(sel_besar)" title="Tabel periodik (sel besar)">(besar)</a> </th></tr> <tr> <td style="line-height:100%;"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">1</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">2</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_3" title="Unsur golongan 3">3</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_4" title="Unsur golongan 4">4</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_5" title="Unsur golongan 5">5</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_6" title="Unsur golongan 6">6</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_7" title="Unsur golongan 7">7</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_8" title="Unsur golongan 8">8</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_9" title="Unsur golongan 9">9</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_10" title="Unsur golongan 10">10</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_11" title="Unsur golongan 11">11</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_golongan_12" title="Unsur golongan 12">12</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_boron" title="Golongan boron">13</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Golongan_karbon" title="Golongan karbon">14</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Pniktogen" title="Pniktogen">15</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Kalkogen" title="Kalkogen">16</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Halogen" title="Halogen">17</a> </td> <td><a href="/wiki/Gas_mulia" title="Gas mulia">18</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_1" title="Unsur periode 1">1</a> </td> <td title="Hidrogen, 1 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hidrogen" title="Hidrogen">H</a> </td> <td colspan="30"> </td> <td title="Helium, 2 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Helium" title="Helium">He</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_2" title="Unsur periode 2">2</a> </td> <td title="Litium, 3 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Litium" title="Litium">Li</a> </td> <td title="Berilium, 4 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berilium" title="Berilium">Be</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Boron, 5 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Boron" title="Boron">B</a> </td> <td title="Karbon, 6 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Karbon" title="Karbon">C</a> </td> <td title="Nitrogen, 7 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nitrogen" title="Nitrogen">N</a> </td> <td title="Oksigen, 8 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oksigen" title="Oksigen">O</a> </td> <td title="Fluorin, 9 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fluorin" title="Fluorin">F</a> </td> <td title="Neon, 10 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neon" title="Neon">Ne</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_3" title="Unsur periode 3">3</a> </td> <td title="Natrium, 11 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Natrium" title="Natrium">Na</a> </td> <td title="Magnesium, 12 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Magnesium" title="Magnesium">Mg</a> </td> <td colspan="24"> </td> <td title="Aluminium, 13 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Aluminium" title="Aluminium">Al</a> </td> <td title="Silikon, 14 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Silikon" title="Silikon">Si</a> </td> <td title="Fosforus, 15 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fosforus" title="Fosforus">P</a> </td> <td title="Belerang, 16 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Belerang" title="Belerang">S</a> </td> <td title="Klorin, 17 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Klorin" title="Klorin">Cl</a> </td> <td title="Argon, 18 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Argon" title="Argon">Ar</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_4" title="Unsur periode 4">4</a> </td> <td title="Kalium, 19 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalium" title="Kalium">K</a> </td> <td title="Kalsium, 20 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalsium" title="Kalsium">Ca</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Skandium, 21 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Skandium" title="Skandium">Sc</a> </td> <td title="Titanium, 22 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Titanium" title="Titanium">Ti</a> </td> <td title="Vanadium, 23 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Vanadium" title="Vanadium">V</a> </td> <td title="Kromium, 24 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kromium" title="Kromium">Cr</a> </td> <td title="Mangan, 25 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mangan" title="Mangan">Mn</a> </td> <td title="Besi, 26 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Besi" title="Besi">Fe</a> </td> <td title="Kobalt, 27 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kobalt" title="Kobalt">Co</a> </td> <td title="Nikel, 28 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nikel" title="Nikel">Ni</a> </td> <td title="Tembaga, 29 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tembaga" title="Tembaga">Cu</a> </td> <td title="Seng, 30 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seng" title="Seng">Zn</a> </td> <td title="Galium, 31 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Galium" title="Galium">Ga</a> </td> <td title="Germanium, 32 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Germanium" title="Germanium">Ge</a> </td> <td title="Arsen, 33 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Arsen" title="Arsen">As</a> </td> <td title="Selenium, 34 (polyatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#a1ffc3; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Selenium" title="Selenium">Se</a> </td> <td title="Bromin, 35 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bromin" title="Bromin">Br</a> </td> <td title="Kripton, 36 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kripton" title="Kripton">Kr</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_5" title="Unsur periode 5">5</a> </td> <td title="Rubidium, 37 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rubidium" title="Rubidium">Rb</a> </td> <td title="Stronsium, 38 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Stronsium" title="Stronsium">Sr</a> </td> <td colspan="14"> </td> <td title="Itrium, 39 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Itrium" title="Itrium">Y</a> </td> <td title="Zirkonium, 40 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Zirkonium" title="Zirkonium">Zr</a> </td> <td title="Niobium, 41 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Niobium" title="Niobium">Nb</a> </td> <td title="Molibdenum, 42 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Molibdenum" title="Molibdenum">Mo</a> </td> <td title="Teknesium, 43 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Teknesium" title="Teknesium">Tc</a> </td> <td title="Rutenium, 44 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rutenium" title="Rutenium">Ru</a> </td> <td title="Rodium, 45 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Rodium" title="Rodium">Rh</a> </td> <td title="Paladium, 46 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Paladium" title="Paladium">Pd</a> </td> <td title="Perak, 47 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Perak" title="Perak">Ag</a> </td> <td title="Kadmium, 48 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kadmium" title="Kadmium">Cd</a> </td> <td title="Indium, 49 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Indium" title="Indium">In</a> </td> <td title="Timah, 50 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timah" title="Timah">Sn</a> </td> <td title="Antimon, 51 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Antimon" title="Antimon">Sb</a> </td> <td title="Telurium, 52 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Telurium" title="Telurium">Te</a> </td> <td title="Iodin, 53 (diatomic nonmetal)" style="text-align:center; background:#e7ff8f; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iodin" title="Iodin">I</a> </td> <td title="Xenon, 54 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Xenon" title="Xenon">Xe</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_6" title="Unsur periode 6">6</a> </td> <td title="Sesium, 55 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Sesium" title="Sesium">Cs</a> </td> <td title="Barium, 56 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Barium" title="Barium">Ba</a> </td> <td title="Lantanum, 57 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanum" title="Lantanum">La</a> </td> <td title="Serium, 58 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Serium" title="Serium">Ce</a> </td> <td title="Praseodimium, 59 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Praseodimium" title="Praseodimium">Pr</a> </td> <td title="Neodimium, 60 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neodimium" title="Neodimium">Nd</a> </td> <td title="Prometium, 61 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Prometium" title="Prometium">Pm</a> </td> <td title="Samarium, 62 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Samarium" title="Samarium">Sm</a> </td> <td title="Europium, 63 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Europium" title="Europium">Eu</a> </td> <td title="Gadolinium, 64 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Gadolinium" title="Gadolinium">Gd</a> </td> <td title="Terbium, 65 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Terbium" title="Terbium">Tb</a> </td> <td title="Disprosium, 66 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Disprosium" title="Disprosium">Dy</a> </td> <td title="Holmium, 67 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Holmium" title="Holmium">Ho</a> </td> <td title="Erbium, 68 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Erbium" title="Erbium">Er</a> </td> <td title="Tulium, 69 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tulium" title="Tulium">Tm</a> </td> <td title="Iterbium, 70 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iterbium" title="Iterbium">Yb</a> </td> <td title="Lutesium, 71 (lanthanide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffbfff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lutesium" title="Lutesium">Lu</a> </td> <td title="Hafnium, 72 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hafnium" title="Hafnium">Hf</a> </td> <td title="Tantalum, 73 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tantalum" title="Tantalum">Ta</a> </td> <td title="Wolfram, 74 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Wolfram" title="Wolfram">W</a> </td> <td title="Renium, 75 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Renium" title="Renium">Re</a> </td> <td title="Osmium, 76 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Osmium" title="Osmium">Os</a> </td> <td title="Iridium, 77 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Iridium" title="Iridium">Ir</a> </td> <td title="Platina, 78 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Platina" title="Platina">Pt</a> </td> <td title="Emas, 79 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Emas" title="Emas">Au</a> </td> <td title="Raksa, 80 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Raksa" title="Raksa">Hg</a> </td> <td title="Talium, 81 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Talium" title="Talium">Tl</a> </td> <td title="Timbal, 82 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Timbal" title="Timbal">Pb</a> </td> <td title="Bismut, 83 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bismut" title="Bismut">Bi</a> </td> <td title="Polonium, 84 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Polonium" title="Polonium">Po</a> </td> <td title="Astatin, 85 (metalloid)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccc99; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Astatin" title="Astatin">At</a> </td> <td title="Radon, 86 (noble gas)" style="text-align:center; background:#c0ffff; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radon" title="Radon">Rn</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td><a href="/wiki/Unsur_periode_7" title="Unsur periode 7">7</a> </td> <td title="Fransium, 87 (alkali metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff6666; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fransium" title="Fransium">Fr</a> </td> <td title="Radium, 88 (alkaline earth metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffdead; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Radium" title="Radium">Ra</a> </td> <td title="Aktinium, 89 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:1px solid black; ;"><a class="mw-selflink selflink">Ac</a> </td> <td title="Torium, 90 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Torium" title="Torium">Th</a> </td> <td title="Protaktinium, 91 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Protaktinium" title="Protaktinium">Pa</a> </td> <td title="Uranium, 92 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Uranium" title="Uranium">U</a> </td> <td title="Neptunium, 93 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Neptunium" title="Neptunium">Np</a> </td> <td title="Plutonium, 94 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Plutonium" title="Plutonium">Pu</a> </td> <td title="Amerisium, 95 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Amerisium" title="Amerisium">Am</a> </td> <td title="Kurium, 96 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kurium" title="Kurium">Cm</a> </td> <td title="Berkelium, 97 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Berkelium" title="Berkelium">Bk</a> </td> <td title="Kalifornium, 98 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kalifornium" title="Kalifornium">Cf</a> </td> <td title="Einsteinium, 99 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Einsteinium" title="Einsteinium">Es</a> </td> <td title="Fermium, 100 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Fermium" title="Fermium">Fm</a> </td> <td title="Mendelevium, 101 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Mendelevium" title="Mendelevium">Md</a> </td> <td title="Nobelium, 102 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nobelium" title="Nobelium">No</a> </td> <td title="Lawrensium, 103 (actinide)" style="text-align:center; background:#ff99cc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Lawrensium" title="Lawrensium">Lr</a> </td> <td title="Ruterfordium, 104 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Ruterfordium" title="Ruterfordium">Rf</a> </td> <td title="Dubnium, 105 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Dubnium" title="Dubnium">Db</a> </td> <td title="Seaborgium, 106 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Seaborgium" title="Seaborgium">Sg</a> </td> <td title="Bohrium, 107 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Bohrium" title="Bohrium">Bh</a> </td> <td title="Hasium, 108 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Hasium" title="Hasium">Hs</a> </td> <td title="Meitnerium, 109 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Meitnerium" title="Meitnerium">Mt</a> </td> <td title="Darmstadtium, 110 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Darmstadtium" title="Darmstadtium">Ds</a> </td> <td title="Roentgenium, 111 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Roentgenium" title="Roentgenium">Rg</a> </td> <td title="Kopernisium, 112 (transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#ffc0c0; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Kopernisium" title="Kopernisium">Cn</a> </td> <td title="Nihonium, 113 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Nihonium" title="Nihonium">Nh</a> </td> <td title="Flerovium, 114 (post-transition metal)" style="text-align:center; background:#cccccc; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Flerovium" title="Flerovium">Fl</a> </td> <td title="Moskovium, 115 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Moskovium" title="Moskovium">Mc</a> </td> <td title="Livermorium, 116 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Livermorium" title="Livermorium">Lv</a> </td> <td title="Tenesin, 117 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Tenesin" title="Tenesin">Ts</a> </td> <td title="Oganeson, 118 (unknown chemical properties)" style="text-align:center; background:#e8e8e8; border:none; ;"><a href="/wiki/Oganeson" title="Oganeson">Og</a> </td></tr> <tr> <td colspan="33"> <table class="wikitable" cellspacing="2" cellpadding="0" style="width:100%; line-height:120%; text-align:center; vertical-align:top; font-size:85%; background:#f8f8f8; margin:0; font-size:90%; margin-top:0.5em;"> <tbody><tr> <td> <table style="width:100%; table-layout:fixed; overflow:hidden;"> <tbody><tr> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff6666;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali" title="Logam alkali">Logam alkali</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffdead;"><a href="/wiki/Logam_alkali_tanah" title="Logam alkali tanah">Logam alkali tanah</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ffbfff;"><a href="/wiki/Lantanida" title="Lantanida">Lantanida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; background:#ff99cc;"><a href="/wiki/Aktinida" title="Aktinida">Aktinida</a> </td> <td style="padding:0 1px; 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